unlike witness diseases, witness loss, witness, charity, witness, confusion, witness clarity, witness, family and witnesses. friends, witness the beginning, witness. the end witness. life witness. when algebra we don't complete focus on the pallets of the conflict. it's the consequence of more the human suffering that we before time is one of the most serious about the violence. in recent years, we brave bullets and bomb because we give voice to those demanding freedom the rule of law. and we always include the views from our sites ah camera about as an endo, on the top stories on al jazeera sh. after weeks of uncertainty, turkey has agreed to support finland and sweden in their beds to join nato,

clearing the path for a major shift in european security. the breakthrough came on the eve of a summit in madrid. the nordic countries have been neutral for decades. post to join the military alliance after russia invaded ukraine. their application was initially blocked by turkey. turkey. yeah. fillum and sweden ha signed on a memorandum that addresses trickiest concerns, including around arms, exports on the fight against terrorism. no ally has suffered more brutally toast attacks. dr. kia, including from the texas group, p k, k, and john hall has more from the dread when a round of tripartite talks this afternoon between that turkey mister heard one and the leaders of finland in sweden clearly produced a breakthrough. the 3 signed

a memorandum a memorandum quote to extend their full support against threats to each other's security. jen stilton burg. hailing the successful search for common ground, he said nato has resolved its differences. now turkey had been the only hold out among the 30 nato members. against this bid by sweden and finland to join on the basis mr. o. 2 am said of the 2 nordic countries providing a safe haven for kurdish militant groups. it is not clear exactly what has been agreed here in terms of addressing that particular issue, nor is it entirely clear whether perhaps some other concessions may have been part of the deal at what we do know of course, is that this allows no nato to put forward a united front in the face of russian aggression and that is absolutely core and central to the aims of this summit. not just a united front but an expanded front with 2 new members. now, mr. stolen burg, saying the political decision has been made finland and sweden,

giving up their traditional military neutrality. as i said in the face of the war and ukraine, a former aid to the white house chief of staff has been testifying before this. january 6th select committee. cassie hutchinson said that then you as president donald trump, was told people at his rally were armed with guns and knives. she also said trump tried to take the steering wheel of the white house. lindsay, when it was told, it was not taking him to the capital, the presence hudson into the fact of, i'm yachting president, taking up to the capital now to which by the responded, sir, we have to go back to the west wing. the present reached up towards the front of the vehicle to grab at the steering wheel. mister angled grabbed his arm, said sir, is to take your head off the steering wheel. we're going back to the west wing. we're not going to the capital. mister trump then used his free hand to lunch

towards bobby angle. us authorities of opened a criminal investigation after at least 50 migrants were found dead in an abandoned schrock in texas. the bodies were discovered in san antonio about 250 kilometers from the us, mexico border pharma so slight. elaine maxwell has been sentenced to 20 years in prison for helping millionaire jeffrey obscene, sexually abuse under age girls. the 60 year old apologize to the victims saying she hoped her sentence would bring them closure talks between the ecuadorian government and indigenous groups to end a nation wide. fuel strike had been suspended because the government says a military convoy has been attacked. discussions in the capital kito were due to resume on tuesday, but the recalled off after one soldier was left dead. columbia's truth commissions presented its final report into the civil war which lasted for decades. the documents has 56000 civilians were killed by columbia's armed forces and 50000

people were kidnapped by rebels. yep. protests are broken out in the indian tourist city of o die poor after a man was murdered in rochester and state. 2 men arrested for the attack, say it was in response to controversial comments made against prophet muhammad. there was the headlines then. users could continue on al jazeera in about 25 minutes to buy. ah. in 1971, richard nixon launched the war on drugs. america's public enemy number one in the united states is drug abuse. in order to fight and defeat this enemy, it is necessary to wage a new all out offensive. washington sent agents from it's brand new drug

enforcement administration. specializing an intelligence, the d. e, a partner, the french police and its investigations. within 5 years, 3010 traffickers and dealers were arrested and the chemists of the corsican mafia flag. the french connection was dismantled. lady me last yonder local next your fiance, so we will not go sysk. glad, but alaska, when you that is come to see us. as heroine continue to flow on to the american market, another drug surface deep within the andes, cocaine, extremely wrath. the white powder lit out the well to finance the walls of wall street and the jet set. there was actually a time magazine cover or champagne of roger's a wonderful drug that you can get ion and it's not addicted. roll dead roll.

ah. as june, 18th, 2019. somewhere in the pacific ocean. oh god. oh god. oh, the war on drugs is engender new, leviathan's, invisible, unconquerable pray that are nearly impossible to spot to day out in the open seas, a rare catch in the underwater belly of this beast. the coast guard discovers over 7 tons of cocaine

lute worth $230000000.00. when drug lords fool criminal organizations reinvent themselves once more, they never despair. they simply we compose into networks, not structures. they become nodes in a wider network. and even the camel nodes in these networks you can take down a command road, but it doesn't dismantle the workings of the network itself. a new era for criminal organizations began at the start of the 90s in a system where everything was accelerating, transportation, communication, cash flow, globalization, the triumph of free trade hope to raise borders. i

believe we made a decision there that will promote us to create an economic order in the world. it will promote more growth, more quality, better preservation of the environment, and a greater possibility world peace. in 1994, the united states along with canada and mexico inaugurated the greatest free trade zone in the world, no more trade barriers and fewer border controls. ready mexican factories stepped up the pace and lines of trucks at the u. s. border grew longer hiding. drug cargo in the stream of vehicles became the favorite pastime of the mexican cartels implanted along the 3000 kilometer border heroine. marijuana and cocaine flowed practically unobstructed helming. the country,

mexico's sole political party, the p r. i received it, share of the profits. as long as the traffickers take drugs to the gringos and as long as they don't challenge the state, it's okay. as long as they don't act against their interests over the spi i took powers, the state will not interfere with the drug trade very much in columbia at the head of the cocaine trafficking chain, the political establishment finally let loose on drug traffickers under pressure from the da, the criminals who came after pablo escobar were hunted down. their shell companies were dismantled under arrests increased to absorb losses. those who had survived counted on their mexican transporters. they asked them to step up the pace and they weren't flying one at a time. they were flying convoys. 7 or 14 planes would take off at

a time with each loaded up with nearly a 1000 kilos of cocaine and landing in northern mexico and chihuahua. they would be sage there and that smuggle across the border into the u. s. logistics of the mexican cartels were full. trish they had the upper hand of the colombians and imposed a new division of labor. the mexicans took charge of the riskiest a most lucrative component of the traffic. cocaine distribution in the united states make amazon and that i've been led up um, which must configure yes. can us little? yep, us almost what a year's kick galleries mess a m a in the get began was who get our group soon? that is his demo. as it at mass performed c e love you last year, but my don't vote camper keyless and that thought they were been up leather a at balise was johnny. yes. a produce him much of let it up. let them in this

thing that was you have seen only more of your lindsey than what it oh wow. mexico got caught up in a never ending spiral of violence. meanwhile, colombian traffic has stepped back to focus on production covering entire walls of their land with coca crops. by the end of the ninety's, drug production had become concentrated in lawless areas, where it is impossible to unseat columbia was the world's leading cocaine producer . and another country emerged as a permanent player and the story of drug trafficking. afghanistan, the world's top opium producer. oh, today, 80 percent of the world's heroine is produced in afghanistan. so the completely elicit drug represents one 3rd of the country's revenue from the

dusty streets of its capital, kabul to the highest levels of state. all of afghanistan has become addicted to heroin, an addiction that was born in the eighty's, in the midst of the cold war. ah, the soviet army occupied the country's big cities. and in the countryside, the russians strove to repress afghan resistance. so in the mid $198.00 these they adopted so called scorched earth policy. they decided to destroy the countryside. so people could not live there. and in order to do so, they would burn down or church destroyed what their system poison wells. but not every one moved. instead, people started cultivating opium, poppy. for 10 years opium, poppy funded the tribal leaders resistance to the soviet occupation. what was once

a marginal crop, became the main source of revenue for peasants and warlords. when the russians left, ask any stand, tribal leaders clashed in a struggle to take power. no several 1000 afghans died and there was throughout the ravaged land. one movement channeled the anger of a people prostrated by years of conflict. the taliban gained ground dedlock objective that didn't like drugs when they started, they really were very upset with all those corrupted wallets in afghanistan that they read them like should wanted to bring law and order. it was not the kind of loan or to be liked were devastated. perception, so bought dead was to stop opium open was a vice is harum is not clean. mm. every where they went,

the taliban impose their strict laws. closing movie theaters, outlawing music, hiding women from view. but opium was the livelihood of tens of thousands of families. if they banded the taliban wrist losing support in the countryside. huh. to build political capital, the taliban started saying, well, the koran says that opium poppy is heron and it's still her round to use it. but it would say as long as you produce an opium puppy for da cafe, yes, for the infidels. as long as it goes to russia or goes to the us, that's perfectly fine. but us opium allowed the talent then to finance their advance on cowboy. the afghan capital fell in 1996 afghan. his son was immediately ostracized by the international community and cut

off from the world. afghanistan was around richland, and there was no foreign a. ah, and so, ah, opium. ah, was them the knife, the cut through the gordian knot of this social puzzle of how to restore economy? it's an annual crop. you put the see in the ground. and a few months later he got a commodity and solicit that magically crosses all boundaries. no, i without any impediment whatsoever. the talent and set up labs on their land and turned afghanistan into the world's leading heroine, producer. ah drug money made them bold, thinking they could flout international law. in 1998, they granted a safe haven to members of al qaeda. but heroine could not ensure the survival of an entire country. poverty was rife in afghanistan. the taliban regime

sorely needed international aid. in hopes of regaining international favor, the taliban outlawed opium. poppy production throughout the country in 2000 peasants risk to death if they planted the forbidden seed in just one year nearly every poppy failed in afghanistan had disappeared and the international community said things like, well, no, thank you. in the united states, under secretary of state colin powell actually award the regime, i think $41000000.00 in foreign aid. but there were other issues human rights, the status of women. and so the un wasn't going to recognize them until the taliban had. now, in retrospect, conducted an act of economic suicide. after

the taxes, september, the 11th 2001, the united states invaded afghanistan. in a matter of weeks, the taliban were pushed back into isolated zones, doomed to disappear the patiently little by little they recon could the land by encouraging the cultivation of opium, poppy, and miraculous source of funds for the re both of them movement e ah. colombian asked ace in columbia in the mid nineties, coca fields covered whole stretches of land fall from the cities which were now on

the high surveillance drug traffickers sought refuge in the jungles of mountains. well, out of the states reach full of you of by use up. as i vision mission denila held it up here, super to comply as well and give him bass. could the remote just brilliant with the golden? we've got you in 30 year e killer, won't you throw a hook on the laboratory door? you? she, i said a pain as his thumb was dead when i loop bato, after the rethought you thought of e h, which was he to london? why? well, you t o in these remote areas, a modern day, far west land belong to whoever had the means to take it. large landowners purged columbia's land of it's wealth, gemstones, minerals, oil rare woods. to extend their operations. these large families, created militias that would move populations by force. colombians called the

paramilitaries with coca crops, booming in the countryside. drug traffickers also out fitted themselves with paramilitary groups. look, yes, he ended up brought the head lucky around nicholas k. o yankee agent ain't got a go and i look brought emily that is this be hardly less the error the last campus ino de las go la know they will be seen on the door yet. they say computer nathan mitchell, you know e, your most didn't set the of butter. but i say good in the washer august. the paramilitary leaders gradually took control of coca production and the lads and handle connections with the mexican cartels and major international crime networks . deep in the jungle, the scramble for coca would change the fate of another armed group.

the fog, a marx, his gorilla group, fought for a fair distribution of land active on a few fronts. but with meagre means, they would extort large landowners and kidnapped them for ransom. but in the mid nineties far guerrillas adapted to the changing times without looking now my concern about whom community can we does also because her abode, young breezy barrett i and gone through a medical graphic over gurgle room peddler all was young. but it's, it's your job, but as your little call on off for kill sydney down the middle. and so they say it's ok to cultivate coca and being good revolutionaries and trying to build a social base. so they start delivering a variety of public services flush with the money they get from taxing acculturation. the font used drug money to buy arms

and ammunition. but also communication tools that allow them to synchronize their various fronts and make rapid progress. the fog continued their abductions, targeting the very heart of the government. governor's deputies and former ministers were all held hostage. the guerrillas camped outside, but what are that we're hearing met a year and they were outside. colleen at the end of the ninety's people were talking about the potential of columbia becoming a naca state with guerrillas taking power. faced with the fox growing power, power military groups wanted to retain control of coca production zones. in 1997, all the paramilitary factions gathered under one commander a far right militia, 20000 men, the united self defenders of columbia, defined the gorillas. meanwhile,

columbia, as legitimate military, suffered ambushes by the far soldiers were abducted in their hundreds does kill couldn't. mrs. martinez then meaning eckleman, sand the us here. they're not going to be at the barrels puerto columbia deseeno colon. ah, i'm contrary. let's get. he has been inter, yeah. look, as he knows what i mean, secretary of villas on us see, nor city lusty, ever seen. used to be zealous gama colutus butter. lex put us on the lagoon. the paramilitaries eliminated their opponents by the systematic killing, lead to the displacement of millions of people. the paramilitaries dictated their laws in the zones they took over areas the states could never reach. chic, you're in control. the lead to the little money i in columbia lawson went through i

. e. and last but i'm really that is 8 years until the spring ship oliver loaded little than it just on my nose. you can call mathew, mass, mass activist. you might act though or body order like last a bully, the gun, columbia global. i won't be. took my now ne, studying and i swam into a group uniformly got injured at the moment of whenever unable to fully up to learn about it. only i do remember bottles e represent as young politi got said you can among other company loans as you under. so many gun in the early 2, thousands. the paramilitaries were in the same position as pablo escobar, 20 years earlier. denisia luther bethune into your cell but body monkwood before the congress, one of their leaders, salvatore mancuso defended the role of his men.

a few years later, salvatore mancuso, nicknamed triple 0, would admit to the murder of 300 people. lay out even more in la la la la, you see an employee, alabama garcia, gainful foaming soap opera the only global us. okay. what else of all of a lot of other columbia levy digna? very good. i am ha seagate big salvatore mancuso spoke to an appreciative audience. paramilitaries controlled a 3rd of parliament. columbia had failed to push. traffic is out. the paramilitaries had turned it into a knock a state. unlike colombian traffickers, the cartels in mexico never tried to take the reins of the government. traffic has

accepted the game of corruption, orchestrated by the single party, the p. r. i in power for 70 years. in 2000 mexican shrugged off the authoritarian reign of the p. r i by electing vicinity folks as president. it was the promise of a new era for mexico and the change. empower, reshuffled the cards for traffickers. it did break, but i would call the parks mafioso, and that is to say the a centrally the understanding between the mexican state and the major narcotic trafficking organizations that they were, they were untouchable wrote going to be touch. so it did break that certainty of that you had had for years under the peer or the p. r. i acted as a mediator between the cartels once they were gone, highlands was the only way to weed our competitors. overlapping war soon broke out

among all the cartels being assembling to like classic bully the jack locally, regional know out in a lot males, but boy, continental pulido medical evidence there may go, didn't put emo's, it includes regular layer medical issue, but as you ha, but as well, i'm a groversville ah, in this cartel or the historic vashti and of trafficking, the sinaloa was on every front, driven by the insatiable appetite of its leader l. chapel freshly escaped from a high security prison. l. chapa guzman is one of the most successful drug traffickers ever in history. and his nickname before chapel was a property or a quick one. because he was able to move drugs into the u. s. at a very,

very high speed. se will be all in his stuffing food. air, emblematic air, gassy, mito, law, heger electrical to them, he can chapel was also very diligent and that is systematic in how to manage brutality and extortion against rivals. clever and ruthless l. chapo would have to strike even harder if he wanted to stay in the game. on the other side of the country, the gulf cartel recruited elite soldiers from the mexican army and created an armed wing last set us military discipline. planned operations. intelligence methods were redirected with a single goal, terrorize the competition and take over their territory. last set us triggered one upmanship among the other cartels. she wanna, pseudo wires and sinaloa all out fitted themselves with elite units. scenes of

horror erupted joined the debate. wonderful as it is that the pon matic language, it really means nothing on the ground on air or online at your voice. the queen is be removed as head of state because she has done absolutely nothing. what these country white man wears the progress i haven't seen enough resources due see sports journalist. i look like me. you need to listen to those voice perspective even when it's hard and when it challenges some of our foundational thinking. this green on al jazeera al jazeera correspondence bring you the latest development on the war in ukraine. we have to take cover this is of happening on a daily basis. the medics here said he is incredibly lucky. those coming out last across the lines of no, with no man's land where one of the few to gain access to this embattled town. they take us to their basement,

where we find others sheltering from the shelling. please about theories now the price of 3 days. journey devastated buildings cornell, a grim reminder that the russians were here. meteorites, small, natural rocks from outer space that survived the journey down to was and have high market value for rock and minimal collectors. out as you a world joins the moroccan nomads in their desert search with these gifts from the sky. head up here i can tell that it's a me to, roy had anything it does. i mean to roy morocco's meteorite hunters on orders. ah, emerald madison and dough had the top stories on al jazeera after weeks of uncertainty. turkey has agreed to support finland and sweden in their beds to join

nato. the breakthrough came on the eve of a summit in madrid. nordic countries have been neutral for decades, pushed to join the military alliance after russia invaded ukraine. that application was initially blocked by turkey. turkey. yo, fillum and sweden ha signed on a memorandum that addresses trickiest concerns, including around arms, exports and the fight against terrorism. no ally has suffered more brutally toast attacks than to kia, including from the terrace group, p k. k. your former aide to the white house chief of staff has been testified before the january the sakes select committee. cassidy hutchinson said then us president. donald trump was told people that his rally were armed with guns and knives. she also said trump tried to take the steering wheel of the white house

limousine. when he was told it was not taking him to the capital. the president said, since the effect of i'm the acting president, take me up to the capital now. to which bobby responded, sir, we have to go back to the west wing. the president reached up towards the front of the vehicle to grab at the steering wheel. mister angled grabbed his arm, said sir, you need to take your hand off the steering wheel. we're going back to the west wing. we're not going to the capitol. mister trump then used his free hand to lunch towards bobby angle. former socialite, glen maxwell has been sentenced to 20 years in prison for helping millionaire jeffrey epstein, sexually abuse under age girls. the 6 year old apologize to the victims saying she hoped her sentence would bring them closure talks between the ecuadorian government and indigenous groups to end

a nation wide. fuel strike have been suspended because the government says a military convoy was attacked. discussions in the capital kito were due to resume on tuesday, but they were called off to one soldier was left dead and 12. others were injured. and there was the headlines. the news continues and alters either after drug trafficking, politics and power. good by ah .

ah ah ah clever and ruthless as chapo would have to strike even harder if he wanted to stay in the game. on the other side of the country, the gulf cartel recruited elite soldiers from the mexican army and created an armed wing. last cit, us. my god, there were in mitchell con lemmings the organized crime group darrow hire. they were cutting off heads of bible cartels and literally tossing him on the dance

floor. i mean, it was there was out ahead ah, in 2006, the newly elected president, philippe calderon, declared war on the cartels and sent the army to the front. 45000 soldiers tried to win back the loss territories. focusing their efforts on law status, the most bloodthirsty of the cartels. under the armies blows last zit us imploded into a multitude of groups. they tightened their grip on smaller territories and the violence ratcheted up a notch. la status fill their murders and torches in detail, leaving his dead on the walls and bodies of their victims. they didn't just stay involved in drug trafficking. you had to pay what's called the p saw for everything . so if you are running human smuggling through their territory, ah, if you are engaged and kidnapping in their territory extortion,

they got involved and more you had to pay. they had to pay the surface to the army, unable to fight on every front, left the sinaloa cartel to prosper. by the end of the bloody wars and chapel had expanded his zone of influence to tijuana and sued at why has he lost all day in the harris he thought. but at that that, that these mean we'd love you, linda. this will talk, entrepreneurial synth, love you, lindsey, and muscle. i'm in the same and bubble in last for my 6, but as he was at the roses, gabby yard kit, either fee nor k. o mental yeoman thought bo latina meant then that means wendy, that he was asked. i get that her name, elizabeth that i am at because at the start of the 2, thousands the u. s. and columbia also chose the military option. they elaborated

the most extensive planned for battling drug trafficking, plan colombia, $4000000000.00 over 5 years. hundreds of american advisors revamped the colombian army bolstered by these new means columbia turned away from its initial goal. the main traffickers, paramilitaries allies of the state, were not targeted. the plan against drugs became a war plan. bogota port everything it had into fighting its main enemy. the fought gorillas, active, and nearly half of the country is a c dot young st. cleaner. empower the list, albert made ice in pearson, and that, that he thought you were going to have that he thought he only can see to call and

get a vote windows in which as i've seen, double check with this is kimberly garcia. you emily got muttered she don't august 1000. you feeling a little more bank? your edition once a backlog, as you go. i got america, but our last was, it will be a bracket blush. it was to show a 100 that milos, yet the dirty war waged fall from the cameras. dealt a severe blow to the 4th. it's historic leaders were eliminated. in time, a process of negotiation will begin with the guerrillas. for colombia, the military offensive was just the 1st step. the next stage was initiated under pressure from washington. despite plan colombia, tons of cocaine was still flowing into the u. s. the colombian government was ordered to take action against the paramilitaries in 2006. the hard right in power practically offered them an amnesty, leaving over a 100000 killers unpunished paramilitary fighters turned in their weapons to

carnival music. i am not looking for a chill, bassi kindy, but i keep blows weekday matthews, not to eat and kept me to to succeed unless victimised. nicholas was dearest nicholas was put up. yeah. is nikolai or that he is? well, me mail you, but for lengthy and leanne limp would be a cure and allow to go with those sisters. angus, and they must bite. emily dead is control as no secular physical. my giving korea lamar koya go in like him. my baron, i'm your brother is infinity. the biggest joke came from the supreme court. the judge is decided to open an investigation into the incestuous relationships between power, minute trends and political leaders. a large scale clean up began. the court

examined flushed out and convicted several politicians. these efforts towards justice and memory continue to day in columbia. that seems to be catching its breath. violence is diminishing in the big cities and columbia is becoming a tourist destination yet well as his sight in hard to reach areas, the same actions are carried on endlessly got that i met at the theatre left by lacy, the yellow and i thought a loaner buddy. the professor. yes, i got a pasta. you laguna, bolona like cousin mm. like thousands of coke grow as this farmer has endured eradication campaigns, led by authorities with the help of the da for

30 years agent orange monsanto. cliff a sate and thousands of leaders of herbicides was sprayed on coca plants and ravaged entire regions. just do it on your end and lauren d, what are they gonna give them a ya? i love it. we have that. i was, we went about that i have no one else budging, baron, on poker blood. but he had a baron, there can be, i don't know when he got to jesse hon on his 3 actors. this grow produces roughly 70 kilos of coca pace, which owns him. 10 times more than if he grew coffee. to make one quino cocaine, it takes $350.00 kilos of coke, ellie's $400.00. once it is transformed, crosseyed bodies is sold bulk then retail and cut. all this means that same kilo of

cocaine sells over a $120000.00 on the streets of new york $300.00 times its base price. ready in columbia, co castille finance, his dozens of armed groups. ready they are the distant successes of the great cattails. direct descendants of the param and a tree factions. o fox, who refuse the historic peace dale in 2016 for they think that what in dying are they are going to leblanc on onvia helping in the michael gain. again, hunger seeing embody going was a gamble as he doesn't board get logan. he's as you and i 3 me not it go yet in the mails. cna's he applicant was helen. so though yes them as soon as he doesn't complicate. i defeated lemony hut corners the more the case. thus it can't dick with 2 other cook up when direct you out of that ari's fuel. nathan vehicles as kennasoft was no. so i was como comments or let just he didn't know the more the columbus with their eyes are happening. that is, i'm it as

long as drug crop scro, criminal or insurgent movements can take possession of them. in afghanistan, the u. s. underestimated this latent danger. after driving the taliban out of power in 2001 washington for the problem with solve. a few years later, the u. s. army was facing a powerful insurrection. taliban had used drug money to enlist thousands of fighters in 2004 under pressure from washington. president ha made cause i declared war against opium. but the ask on president would play against his side. his authority was held only by the fragile coalition of war notes and form a mutual hiding who used drug money themselves to run their fife. dean's. of course,

there are many people in the afghan government to wayne forced instruct rates, same as in the, in the other i'm opposing forces. this is not a, she could, everybody knew it. it was not very convenient in those days to talk about it because there are political allison that's was that was to logic in 2005 in the region of helmand over 9 tons of opium were discovered in the governor's basement. president hammered cass, i had to remove him without his revenue, the governor's militia changed sides. his $3000.00 men join the town of an upset, the balance of power the region of helen and fell into the hands of the taliban. who turned it into the country's leading zone of heroine production. to cut off the titans main source of revenue, the u. s. b stuff, it's military response. u. s. b 52 bombers and us of

22 raptor fighters bomb taliban heroine labs. so here's a, an f $22.00 fighter course above $400000000.00. and a heroine lab which sounds fancy, but really as, as a, a mud brick shed was some rusting tim drums and a, and a cheap electric heater. probably $50.00 worth of equipment where the u. s. uses it's more sophisticated military equipment and all of its targeting and intelligence and research, the drones to modern term movement. no, the satellite imagery is a, the b $52.00 bomber, which is the biggest military plan on the planet. now to, to, to attack these, these, these tin roof sheds with their steel drums is a, i think,

a demonstration of the limits of coercion. there is not one case where eradication has bankrupted belligerents or significantly weakened them to made them easier to defeat. people go hungry, they literally don't have anything to eat and they will protest and they will mobilize. and so what happens is that the criminal groups in certain groups like enough ghana stand, owen and columbia get a lot of political capital. people switch allegiance to them. and in fact, ah, the history of the so called narrow good militancy nexus, narco insurgency, nexus is the disdain to wins against insurgents when it stopped eradicating. after 50 years of war, kabul afghanistan's capital is now home to the world's highest concentration of

drug addicts. in the countryside, practically one out of every 2 families is affected by heroin addiction. the country continues to founder ah, in mexico, a century after trafficking 1st began, popular culture celebrates marco's, and their swift rise in society. the small farmers who planted poppies in the last century and the mountains of sinaloa gave birth to traffickers, able to exploit every crack in the system. with drug trafficking organizations can afford the best lawyers. they can afford the best investment brokers. they can afford the best accountants and the security forces. lauren forestman are hugely

out gunned in terms of accountants. i'm lawyers hundreds of millions of dollars belonging to the sinaloa cartel were found laundered in the accounts of the world's biggest banking institutions. the banks all has hain, the legal settlement. no convictions were pronounced with lucid yelman's system to nozzler a course on the more stubborn e. a sentiment that draws sun. oh, able to none but been that easy for them are for demure levels. come so if it's mom, rochelle male put his, you don't. so what was all i've been 400 to continue here. just a future saw has to hold them. he says, so were there year when you were the con long to jo on the salvage school dos, you keep all of his young to lot, pres, doesn't in any charlotte it there. yeah. non, i bare speak to you not for sale on that. if i really, if he sell p r i left order,

or would it on him on the have you were lucas? possibly the more care in 2015 and chapel was caught when he contacted an actress, he grown infatuated with ah one of the world's greatest drug king pens was brought down by an amateur mistake. extradited to the united states and sentenced to life in prison and chapel left in his wake and nebular drug trafficking. and the myth of a hierarchical cartel held by a single man to day. and mexico violence has crept in everywhere all the time. yesterday's big. cartels have been split up by the army, which is still deployed throughout the country. a myriad of small,

elusive groups appear, decline, disappear, and reform constantly. ah, on the pacific coast acapulco, mexico's crown jewel has become one of the most dangerous cities in the world. around 30 crime organizations are active in the region. the medicaid are l'aquila square, poor ah, of the dial is ah it as medical forensic domicile, your is the main is are you lepers? are now as a gay men go the piano back into e the other for yellow,

but i we have rental along methodical header for thursday. went under the orchard were for over the past 10 years. more than 40000 people have disappeared in mexico. kill by criminal organizations that blindly strike, extort or kidnap for ransom. people who oftentimes are innocent. it was called me at a man with thomas merriman on my got sick with other tingley julio. that does me lossing, with to go get rid of mary of agora combs the land relentlessly searching for his brother's body without grieving families. he has dug up over 400 bodies over the last 5 years here, just an hour's drive from acapulco in this to look out to ya, but i shall,

i will not be while i get rid of cedric will. but i don't mean to wear both. those casino their daughter, a morales, dallas man. they love bis, been dallas, elizabeth banner, rick looked at to see horse. barbara said as he gary of weather said she, this campus you look at dublin or they had at the resumes, but empathy up role sheet. i'm a paula for the sale. get this up at his gun disposal. he segers an yoshi, ann yosh, was campbell of evil foot cookies. i looked at the title, but as in bravo, do you mean? oh, spend a little minute, myrtle and i'll one other less was a splendid enough citizen. we had muscles. jenny lewis, by such as we will need to see to the resource he is villa piddle into this will go

on quarter if your order can go along the age. i kissed article and if this is glenann apperson, tenny tito, the glass yoga i'll okay, i'll bring neither the hidden look but i don't, i didn't it didn't it guy there faintly ill estimate on that. hello

no. so to some of this into randall ebert, others to buy easily some additional. guillermo, see i this up? i see those in me, he call say force as gland. this d nathan mythical, he didn't was he said the lock will last him on the thought of the part the winner . the esl is callaway is mass mika mozilla. nissan i mucho gonna, as young as the more headers gear and they own establish cannot be in a capacity that they have pro and whose dca compet out at the city. those sit, it's sam ah, each mass grave must be visited by the authorities who are storing over $27000.00 unidentified bodies as of today.

ah, a new chapter in the story of drug trafficking is opening somewhere in china. a return full circle. criminal organizations are stolen is another secret from the pharmaceutical industry. by manipulating chemicals they've managed to synthesize fentanyl, a distant cousin of opium manufacture to since the 1950s for medical use, sentinel is made without the slightest trace of poppy flour. the drug is a 100 percent synthetic. to day these ports where the 1st bundles of opium arrived in the 19th century, march the point of departure for invisible cargoes of an infinitely powerful drug. centennial is at least

a 100 times more um potent than harrowing. so it might take several trucks, trailer trucks of cocaine to supply. do you us drug market for a year? well, it might take just one cuddled to supply a small car load to supply the u. s. entire opioid market, but fenton hill, you can basically forget about the agriculture or in your own need. peasants growing opium poppies in afghanistan or, and mexico or columbia. you are, you know, need armies and war laurens, who are shipping opium. if you're in some way of chemicals that you can, you can manufacture and china and then shipped to mexico and then use them to produce drugs like fentenol. it greatly simplifies the process and it means that you can base your operations anywhere. so am more than centered things drive really have the potential to radically change ah, the illegal drug trade and the politics,

international relations and geopolitics to surrounded sentinel flows into a country grappling with the greatest addiction epidemic in its history. in the united states, the over prescription painkillers encouraged by pharmaceutical lobbies has caused hundreds of thousands of patients to become addicted to opiates. when their treatment stops and the illusion of well being is shattered, they turn to elicit markets. every day, middle class men and women join the horde of heroin addicts and fall victim to fentanyl, which is less expensive, and a lot more powerful. fentanyl kills $30000.00 people each year in the u. s. this vile is a desk trap for those who seek refuge from the pain of living. yet there is nothing

fatal about that as long as the war targets drug trafficking rather than the causes of drug use, we will live in a constantly shifting matthew environment. the world of drugs was created by our so seattle choices and our economic system. the only solution is to change it. ah hello there. let's look to north america and much of the weather action is happening in the very north and the very south. now we saw a lot of heat lingering around those southern usa to the beginning of the week,

but that's been knocked out by this stream of thunderstorms, bringing some really rumbly showers in heavy rain to the likes of texas for example . and that's going to knock a lot of the warms out of cities like houston, if we have a look at the 3 day, the temperature dipping below the average thunderstorms all the way through to friday. now we've seen some severe storms roll across the canadian prairies, working their way further east, bringing some heavy falls to northern areas of the mid west and the great lakes in the us. but behind it, it is a clara and quiet a picture, and it's largely quiet. for much of the west coast of the us, we're still seeing those monsoon showers bring some relief to the desert southwest . and it's looking largely clear for the east coast that the head of some way whether that's going to work its way in by the weekend. and speaking of wet weather, we're seeing heavy rain and strong winds pull across the wind would islands a northern areas of venezuela. that's thanks to a tropical psycho that's developing as it works its way south of the caribbean sea

. i was going to bring some heavy rain in the days ahead to the likes of costa rica and panama that she with ah, the, the new voice, the heating up, the airway. lot of can use listeners with kimberly here, but i really think in their own country shifting power they case the rise of citizen journalism has changed everything. how do happen? it happened on social media and the undeniable impact of the mainstream narrative that's rarely and point to the poll with those images front of mine is a war that very much came forth out in the media as well as on the battlefield. they're listening page. dissect the media on al jazeera ah turkey drops his objections to feminine sweden joining nato.