northern norway, it is a frozen, desolate landscape perched above the arctic circle.

and for three months of the year, it is shrouded in darkness. but if you ask the people here how happy they are on a scale from one to ten -- >> i'm a nine. >> definitely a ten. >> i'm a ten. >> i'm nine all of the time. >> i would say nine or ten. >> i'll give a ten. >> where we live can profoundly affect how we feel so why are norwegians so happy? is it in spite of their unique environment or because of it? i want the same thing you do. the secret to living longer, healthier and happier. but where do we find it? i'm "chasing life." ♪ ♪

>> a got to say, i hate the cold. but i'm here, 200 miles above the arctic circle, for a reason. to find out what makes norwegians tick. my journey began back in a place called trampsa. once a sleepy fishing town, today it is the third biggest city above the arctic circle. norwegians here like in the rest of the country have a lot to be happy about. access to free college, health care, and the lowest income inequality in the world. it is all part of a huge and costly social welfare system, that for a generation has been largely funded by oil and gas. those resources won't last forever.

so the norwegians are searching for the next big thing. and for doctors like me, it is exciting stuff. >> the arctic is really unexplored. nobody has been in the cold water. >> so how deep are we now. >> 23. almost 24 meters. so you could see there is a lot of organisms. >> the color is amazing. >> janet anderson is an arctic searcher in a relatively new industry called marine bio specting. >> people are not aware that penicillin came from fungi from the soil on land and so what we could find could have a chemical defense or tools that could be the potential next anti-biekt. >> is that the key because it is such a tough environment they need to protect themselves. >> that is the reason why they should produce this kind of chemistry. >> one reason there is so much

money to be made searching for new sources of medicine is that our lives could depend on it. >> so-called super bugs could kill so -- 10 million people. >> we're running out of choices. >> what do you see? >> i lot of sea urchins and different shells. you want to check as many organisms as possible. >> i'm going to be of some help here. put on my gloves and put my surgical skills to use. what do you think? you want smaller? >> we could take that but also make the next one smaller so we'll make several plates i think so. >> if we could harness their unique chemistry, these sea creatures to provide new sources of medicine. everything from vaccines to hiv treatment and anti-cancer drugs. >> you have no idea what you

will find. it could be the plant, it could be the microorganisms inside. whatever it may be, but there could be some great medicine in here for humanity. >> definitely. you want to cut another one? >> beyond finding life-saving medicine, this work, if successful, could help fund the welfare system that is helped norway and norwegians realize their potential. >> i think everybody has good opportunities here. we have good systems for school, education and everybody has opportunity to do and study and become what they want. nobody is really super poor or struggling with just everyday life. i think everybody has the basics in place so i think we have a good chance of being happy, i think. >> out here i feel like i'm getting unique insight into the norwegians themselves. like these life-giving sea creatures they have found ways

to survive and thrive in an incredibly harsh environment. case in point, norwegians were recently ranked by the u.n. as the happiest people in the world. despite living in a land that for much of the year is cold and dark. from november to january, the sun doesn't rise. polar night sets in. the locals call it the dark period. and this darkness robs them of something most of us have come to take for granted. our bodies crave sunlight and not just the light you can see. there is a invisible light known as ultraviolet beam and when had t hits our skin it feeds our bodies vitamin d. known as the sunshine vitamin. vitamin d. has physical health

benefits but it could also affect our mood which is why when interest comes and the sunshine starts to disappear, we'll feel more tired and lethargic and even depressed. >> there is a name of this type of depression when the sun goes away. it is called seasonal effective disorder and an estimated 10 million americans suffer from it and it is not uncommon to be prescribed anti-deants to kbatd it but the norwegians have a secret weapon to keep it at >> we drink the oil -- fish oil to stay strong. >> oh, yes, we drink cod liver oil for every breakfast. >> this is called -- >> i started drinking cod liver oil again to encourage my kids to drink it. >> a spoon full of cod liver oil has about 300% of your daily vitamin d. needs, far more than you get from eating most types

of fish. >> it is -- it's not a very good taste. >> i think you are brain washed. it looks like the youngest one loves it but i think i brain washed them. >> so this is the stuff. it is known as traun here in norway and smells exactly what you think it will smell like. oily fish. and it tastes exactly what you think it will taste like. oily fish, it tastes terrible, i have to be honest here. but here in norway, they swear by it. they have a little bit of this tron every day to try to get their vitamin d. >> even in a harsh, unforgiving landscape like this, the norwegians are finding happiness in other unlikely ways. even if it kills them. >> announcer: "chasing life" brought to you by whole foods

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2:00 p.m. in tromso, norway, and it's pitch black. for three months out of the year this region of the world is plunged into frigid darkness. not really where i expect to find the happiest people on earth. >> try to figure out why norway is such a happy country. i guess you're the guy to talk to. >> well i have studied happiness for more than 30 years. so i know a little bit, i guess. >> i'm meeting with uva, teaches

social psychology. >> is it appropriate goal to say i want to live a happy life. that is what i want out of life? >> yeah. no, sir only is it appropriate it is the only thing you should do. and if you don't agree with that, you don't understand the question. you don't understand what happiness is. >> what can i learn? what do you tell people who just say i want more happiness? >> first, you need challenges in order to develop. i think you need both a stable life and a developing or changing life. if you have both positive and negative emotions and you have them for a reason. to have short moments of anger or sadness or fear is just good for you. i mean, without them you wouldn't survive. >> that makes a lot of sense to me. as a doctor, reporter, husband and father, i thrive on challenges. and overcoming them is a big source of my own happiness. but i also know for some people

it is not so easy. i'm hiking with marianne beck. >> i'm just following your footsteps. you've done this before, clearly. >> she's a nurse in training who has suffered from depression since she was a child. >> when i was growing up, i wanted everyone to like me. and i was struggling to fit in everywhere. i guess i wasn't aware of it, that i was depressed. but i was not happy. i kind of felt like i need to do something with my life, i need to experience something, i need to see other things and feel other environments. >> marianne eventually left the snowcapped mountains of tromso

for metropolitan oslo and met the love of her life. >> i thought i was going to grow old with him. and but he broke up with me after five years. i was devastated. devastated. i was kind of lonely and depressed. i was really unhappy. >> marianne returned home, wanting to be close to friends and family, but her depression grew as the sun disappeared. >> when the dark time started, it didn't make things easier at all. i was just crying, sleeping and eating. everybody said to me, you need to be active, you need to go out

more, be social. but i couldn't. it was just like i just want to die. i don't want to -- i just want to breathe in and not breathe out again. like that. i was exhausted. and then after a while my doctor said to me, there is a motivation group, it is a project that the government has started just here in tromso-called better together. you'll be in a motivation group with eight to ten other people that are in the same situation as you. this motivation group had one criteria. you have to be active. that first hike, it felt

amazing. i could actually do it. my body can actually do more than i think that it can. it was a really great feeling. really like i'm on top of the world kind of feeling. >> so marianne, what are you thinking right now when you look at this? >> i think peace, peace of mind. it's just spectacular. >> you've gone through a lot in your life. and you've tried lots of different things to heal yourself. how did this place help heal you? >> i feel humble. it is little me against nature. but at the same time i feel like i can achieve something. >> i could see why you could never get used to this. and you shouldn't get used to this. some things in life and nature should always fieel

awesome. >> yeah. >> the positive feelings you get by challenging yourself out here in nature, it is the kind of thing the happiness professor was telling me about and there is some science to back it up. there is no secret that exercise is good for your body but we're learning more and more what it could do for your mind. when you work out your heart starts pumping and your blood starts circulating but your brain gets flooded with serotonin and dopamine. think of those as your body natural antidepressant and that sense of euphoria, the runners' high and you could get it after any sort of workout. it is a hard thing to explain happiness. and i think in some ways it may mean different things to different people. to say that i'm truly happy. what is it to you? >> i often thought about that. actually, what is happiness to me. and i think it is as long as i'm

able to embrace what is good around me, as long as i can see, i can feel, i can breathe, and move of course, as long as i'm able to embrace it, that is happiness to me. >> breathe in, breathe out. be thankful for every day. keep on moving. >> announcer: "chasing life" brought you to by t-mobile, america's most loved wireless brand. join the un-carrier today. to help care for veterans everywhere. with va video connect, powered by t-mobile, men and women who serve can speak to their doctors from virtually anywhere, and get the care they deserve, so they can return to their most important post. best friend, quarterback, or just dad.

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my name is hem nick and i'm 43. i heard about it six years ago and i was invited to try. it's a bit on the edge so i have to convince myself that it is something i really want to do. my whole body reacts saying this is not good. especially when it is dark, you cannot see each other so we have to talk to make sure we are still alive. it's dangerous. [ singing ]

♪ >> really cold today. >> normally we swim about 30 seconds, up to 60 seconds. but there are some brave people that can swim for minutes, three, four, five minutes. it's amazing. >> most norwegians love to be in contact with nature and to challenge nature. in my view the nature is all -- and we're out for the nature in the norwegian way, that is kind of my religion. >> this is great. this is the best experience ever. and i say life is a hint of craziness, that is why we do it. >> no matter what the

temperature, norwegians seem to love being out in nature. even in the winter. four out of five of them work out regularly. in america, even with our treadmills and climate controlled gyms, only one in five of us get enough exercise. that said, up here in the arctic, pushing your body can go terribly wrong. [ speaking foreign language ] >> it is a accident in a fjord on the out skirts and the crew have decided to go on a rescue mission to try to get him out of the water as quickly as possible. >> so he's in the water now. >> and these waters are killing because they are so cold. >> mads gilbert is an e.r. doctor and emergency medicine pioneer and i'm joining him on a

training mission with the helicopter emergency medical services. it is run in real-time to help train rescuers in the event of an actual emergency. >> this gets my heart racing. >> it does, yeah. these missions could be quite risky. >> what is your biggest concern right now? >> probably just the balance between speed and safety. is the person alive. how cold have they become? do we have a chance to save them. >> this team responds to almost a thousand dispatches a year, risking their own lives to save

others. [ speaking foreign language ] >> one of the crew will attempt a static local rescue, dangling hundreds of feet in the air to then be lowered into the frigid waters below. [ speaking foreign language ]

>> sure, this is just a training exercise, but i've seen rescue workers like these in war zones and disaster areas across the globe. and they are a special breed. >> we do some incredibly dangerous work. where does that come from for you? this idea that i don't know who this person is, but today i'm willing to risk my life to save that person. >> it is the joyful experience of being in a team who have the same value-base and the same goal, working for the better of others and i think it is my duty to share it with others.

my whatever skills i might have. >> there is this notion thatality trueism being generous is good for the person receiving it. but what about the person who is giving it? what is the benefit for that person? >> i think it gives you back a feeling of meaningfulness that you are more than yourself. it is an advantage of being a human, actually. and if you lose that, you lose part of yourself. we should and we are obliged to look after the less fortunate in a respectful and unprofiting way. every human being has its value. >> altruism is deep in our dna, partly why humans thrive in communities and what norway's strong social safety net is all about. even on the world stage, norway is considered a humanitarian powerhouse. one of the top contributors of foreign aid to people in need.

mads might just be the quintessential norwegian. when he's not risking his neck delivering aid in places like yaza, he's at the sea survival training site called arcos, initiating students with a hypothermic ritual and he wants me to take the plunge. >> our body is in an frack tick act of survival will do anything th they can to keep our body temperature at 98.6 degrees and below 95 degrees is when you get hypothermic and to 77 degrees and that is when you are likely to have cardiac arrest. everything that i just described happens about 25 times faster when you are in the water. >> we're not just doing this for kicks. there is a purpose to this. why do you torture your students or whatever you want to call it. >> number one, to understand

what it is to be a fisherman to expose hypothermia in the water, to identify with your patients. number two, to give them an opportunity to cross their own borders and to manage things they thought they they could not manage. we need to teach medical students empathy and solidarity and not just how to earn big bucks. >> diving into the arctic ocean isn't exactly when i had in mind when coming to norway. but if it is somehow going to make be a better doctor, i'll willing to chance it. >> announcer: "chasing life" is brought to you by humeira. ate to severe crohn's disease, i was there, just not always where i needed to be. is she alright? i hope so. so i talked to my doctor about humira.

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♪ first is the cold shock. will you have hyper vent illation and a very fast heartbeat, your blood pressure will go sky high and you may inhale sea water and panic and this all happens within the first 30 to 60 seconds before you even start to cool down. >> that doesn't sound very good. >> that is the first thing to survive. >> let me just give you a few points of instructions. will you go fully under. and when you come up, you have to get on the back and stabilize your position, so just keep still. they know what to do. stay cool, don't move, wait to be rescued.

>> stay cool, you said. >> stay cool, i said. >> and the hospital is actually right over there. >> that is good. a short helicopter ride away. >> i don't like super cold. but this is one of those experiences that i think is going to really teach me something about what these patients go through. >> okay, sanjay, we're ready here and when you feel like jumping, you just jump in. >> now start swimming slowly toward me. move both arms and keep your head up. that's good. >> very good. just swim. >> grab my hand. >> there is a lot of stinging on the face and i felt my blood pressure just go way up and i

actually heard that you started to breathe very deep in and very clearly. without the suit you would become critically hypothermic within minutes. >> even with the rescue suit, i could tell you this is not a situation you want to find yourself in. it is hard to talk. i feel nauseated. all signs that point toward hypothermia. >> just standing up you start to feel light-headed. i felt my heart rate really slow down. that was very noticeable when my heart rate started to slow. that was something. >> come on, i'll do what i do and i'll give you a hug. a nice, warm hug. >> that is something, man. i was scared. should do something that scares you every day. it is a good saying until you actually have to do it. >> no doubt this extreme cold is

dangerous. but norwegians keep reminding me of the sea creatures i saw earlier, what doesn't kill them makes them stronger. and mads himself has found a way to harness the potentially fatal cold to pioneer a life-saving break-through. >> i was always interested in water -- i did a lot of skiing and kite surfing and kayaking. that attracted me. i wanted to work hard and play hard. and my years in medicine, i met ana. >> on may 20th, 1999, tor vin hit the slopes with several friends, including ana baggen homl, a young medical resident. >> the day of the accident it was warm and sunny. perfect day. so i was skiing first.

and then ana skied as number two. and she did a traverse -- a usual traverse and hit a rock and fell on her back and started to slide on the ice. >> ana slid head first on to a frozen stream. broke through the ice and was trapped, submerged in the freezing water. >> and i grabbed ana by her clothes and started to drag her out. we used a lot of force but we didn't move her one inch. >> as the minutes ticked away. her body began shutting down and her temperature rapidly dropping, her internal organs overwhelmed by the cold. >> ana stopped moving. >> help finally arrived after an hour under the ice. >> so what did you know about ana when she first arrived? >> almost nothing, actually. we didn't have a very detailed patient story. i jumped into the rescue helicopter and i saw this young lady very fit, very thin and

obviously completely clinically dead. she was ash white and wet and dilated pupils, no signs of life. >> how cold was she? >> she was an amazingly 13.7 sent grades when we got her to the e.r. nobody had ever survived that before. we connected her to the cardio pulmonary bypass machine and take the bod -- the blood out of the body and try to warm it up. >> we tried to resuscitate victims of deep hypothermia for 15 years. >> but up until that point how many survived. >> zero. so this time we decided we should do something different. no fluid and not too much resuscitative drugs and keep her dry. and we're standing and waiting and warming and warming and we could see the heart was just like this, not moving at all.

and then suddenly came the first heartbeat. and the second. i had tears come to my eyes and i couldn't see for a moment because i was so overwhelmed. my life coming back in this dramatic young woman. moving. >> after being frozen and clinically dead for three hours, ana baggenholm came back to life. >> how are you doing? are you physically 100%. >> i am not 100% as i was before the accident but i'm 100% of what i need. so you have to adjust and be satisfied with what you have. >> do you still ski? >> yes, yes. i do a lot of outdoor activities like skiing, kite surfing, kayaking, mountain biking. >> the descriptions of your

heart just quivering like this, not really doing anything meaningful and then -- as mads said -- >> the heart is a small muscle and you could say it is not very smart. so the magic is how is the brain and the level of oxygen you need to don't have brain damage. >> her brain was probably so cold when her heart finally stopped that the brain didn't need oxygen. because there is a decrease in the oxygen need of the cells of the body for every sent grade you drop in body temperature. >> i mean hypothermia is kind of what nearly killed her but in some ways also what saved her. >> i've always called it a double edge sword. it is a protector and killer. when the body needs less oxygen we can expand the window of opportunity for ours. we've done even longer resuscitation after ana. >> since ana's case survival

rates have risen dramatically from zero to 40%. where else can this take medicine? icing heart attack patients in ambulances or wounded soldiers on the battlefield could save countless lives. mads' work and ana's story aall about altruism, finding happiness in helping others. >> i think it is nice when i read that they have saved a child and they kept on doing things because they knew from my situation that it might work so i think that is really making my story worth going through. >> you have one of the greatest backyards i think in the world. and when you look at those mountains, you see happiness or do you see danger? >> i see happiness. >> announcer: "chasing life," brought to you by volkswagen. don't miss the volkswagen sign then drive event. there's nothing more important

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[ speaking foreign language ] my name is reilly and my partner name is -- and together we have two kids, one that is 3 and a half years and olga is 15 months now. [ speaking foreign language ] >> it is always chaos with small kids. [ speaking foreign language ]

>> like every norwegian citizen, henrietta and anders benefit from a robust parental leave system which allows them to take a full paid year off to raise their children. >> you're paid for the government to be home and to bond with your child and to give them the safe start, either ten months with full salary or 12 months with 80% of your salary. and you know that your work is still there when you come back. >> it is a stark contrast to america. we're the only industrialized nation in the world that doesn't guarantee paid leave for new mothers. >> it allows me also to find my way in the role as a mom, to get to know her and to connect with her and find out how can i alter this kid for the best. >> a lot of americans are

fighting hard for this. and it is important to understand why. the first year of a baby's life is critical for development. their brain's frontal lobe is making sense of the world around them and at three months they are just starting to recognize faces and make those close bonds that affect their social, emotional and cognitive development. >> by the time a child is one, they developed a need to learn and explore. and at kindergarten where henrietta is dropping off her daughter is unlike any i've ever seen. >> it's cold. are you cold? no? you're not cold. are you cold?

>> no. >> nobody's cold. how come i'm the ome one that is cold. >> a special outdoor kindergarten, where rain, snow or shine, class is held outside. >> this, out here in nature, for more than ten years. >> in february, the sun is back. so you'll be in school again. >> i feel like i'm on call here.

there are really no adults around. she is getting pretty high up there in the tree. pretty cold. rainy today. does this bother them? >> is it cold? >> i hear that a lot. >> they love this. if i ask the six years old, if they want to stay inside or want to go out, in the middle of the winter, 80% of them say they want to go outside. >> it sounds simple but studies have shown that kids engaged outdoors have better creative thinking and thinking, and a reduction of adhd-like symptoms. >> what does it mean long-term for these kids? kids who have educated this way versus more traditional? >> i think they are free out here in a way. there are no boundaries. and they don't ask for help all the time. so they try more here. and they help each other. i think that makes them happy.

because what's important for children is to feel, i'm important in this group. they need me, they like me, and i think we do that. we make that happen. >> the thing i noticed more than anything else is just how independent these kids are. keep in mind, they're just five years old. they're out there climbing trees on their own, building fires, cooking their own food. nature is one of our greatest classrooms. if we just take the time to pay attention. this is not a bed...

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i can customize each line for each family member? yup. and since it comes with your internet, you can switch wireless carriers, and save hundreds of dollars a year. are you pullin' my leg? nope. you sure you're not pullin' my leg? i think it's your dog. oh it's him. good call. get the data options you need and still save hundreds of dollars... do you guys sell other dogs? now that's simple, easy, awesome. customize each line by paying for data by the gig or get unlimited. and now get $100 back when you buy a new lg. click, call, or visit a store today. i actually grew up in the southern part of norway, in the

olympic city. in lillehammer. i came here when i met my husband. i actually didn't cope that well with it because i was not used to having this darkness day and night. i felt the darkness took all my energy. i felt tired. it was difficult to sleep during the night because there was no light in the day. but after a few years, something happened. i was more adept to staying in the darkness, to staying in the north and i realize it was a beautiful experience. you have a special word for making good and nice atmosphere in the dark period, which we call kunsela, it is like a cozy period, the houses are lighted by candles. or we have fire in the fireplace

to bring a nice warm atmosphere into the home. >> it's a bit of a no-brainer, that a nice warm candle-lit home and a bottle of wine, are going to make you feel good. but it is much more than just creature comforts. >> it is the darkness, it is the northern lights. >> having a lower pace. >> you can make it everywhere you go. in the pub. or here at the beach. >> i'm told it is about finding inner peace. contemplation. and what better place to look than norway's own backyard. ♪ >> which brings me back here. but this isn't my last stop. i'm heading to somewhere really koze ji. >> it makes us even closer to

nature. >> you can use firewood to get the heat. >> the cabin is back to where everything is simple. not computers or phones interrupting. it's just the simplicity. >> remember that u.n. study ranking the happiest countries in the world? wonder where america is? down the list. at number 14. so what is it about this small barren frozen nation that's got us beat? there's a saying here, there's no such thing as bad weather, only bad clothing. for norwegians, i found it is all about mindset. turning the depression of darkness into a cozy time. or looking to nature to challenge ourselves, and save

lives. but most importantly, having a little more empathy for one another. the view isn't too bad, either. when i was a kid, church meant being dragged out of bed way too early on sunday mornings, being forced to put on my good clothes and getting yelled at in the name of jesus, in the baptist, my grandmother's alabama house. hold on to your house shoes. these day, like the three weeks bob dylan once said, the churches, they are a changing. >> good morning. >> good morning. >> are you ready to run through the bible? ♪