joining yesterday this

audience is pretty much 100 percent distinguished quite impressive audience thank you for coming. with a few brief security announcements. i m your designated safety officer here accepts are behind you you will go down 1/4 to accept -- exit the stairwell and relocate near "national geographic" if we have to. to get -- today we are delighted to host this discussion with leading lawmakers with expertise of national security.

how will introduce other members of the panel that this is known as golden week to join the discussion here under the mount fuji dialogue in your participants in the dialogue. the corporation goes way back last year professor urged to knock negative issued if the report the u.s.-japan alliance that they kind the called the japan version of the bipartisan report for the future vision of the alliance.

and with those experts joining us today are regulars with the mount fuji dialogue most contributing to my immediate left a member of the house of representatives. >> serving as the defense minister and is deeply involved in the debate from security legislation and new interpretation of the defense policy reform a former member of the defense forces i am sure when they graduated as a second lieutenant people were a bit confused.

but i'm shirred is rapid promotion of success so to set in the center is our first guest. [applause] the member that we hosted the of ministers here in july 2014 with the defense policy with asian alliance to make a big impression and to sit on your right is our next guest who has had a very interesting to weeks. to a sicko from the democratic party of japan

november of the of number of japan. is deeply knowledgeable about the strategy and served as the special adviser national security advisor to the prime minister and the state minister for defense purposes so each guest relative gave brief opening statement. i think what he will speak about his recent experiences and where we are on the defense side negative.

ended to talked-about blood redo as allied's but but to work with the trump administration. >> we bin the podium is a good idea for the opening statement play is welcome the former minister. [applause] >> speaking speaking japanese

[speaking japanese] [speaking japanese]

translator: the nuclear test was conducted twice in an february 12th fisher -- this year and for of the missiles were simultaneously aimed at japan. in the fifth missile was launched. budget debate and those that

was launched we are investigating and then with north korea but then on the regime and with the united states the the nuclear development so in exchange

but there is no chance of making progress in the negotiation. month for a while with that mission launched a long-term basis of the nuclear missile to increase the threat. if they are to give up or abandon the nuclear weapon that with the tool of collapse of the regime.

>> some of that would be the real threat to japan so need to put that military option available as a military option and with the possibility of a first-rate. and with the development that it would implode. relief for those too exercised jointly between the united states forces and with the south to rea with

five o 15. they're exercising those joint forces and also with the command structure. and that this through the peninsula. and then to monitor the behavior of the enemy countries and then tried to escort.

>> as of member of the democratic party six years ago so with the armed forces but the initiation was needed think that was quite the right approach from the united states that is the japanese defense is very much needed with that prediction of the arms then

the train -- training was conducted with those activities essayed chide to deter those with the head of the defense department because of the japanese coastguard that this under the name of research with that prediction but now with the legal structure so they will explain that but then

the response capability that shin be acquired for japan. and the early warning satellite to be included in the missiles should be solidified. between china and president trump and will talk with each other. but currently china is tested in a mitt that pre-emptive strike of the

united states is to be approved and therefore and with that capability and on top of that with the outside of japan and therefore pointed out and used on those issues and about that

with deal in big games in redo halfies activities but if so with the alliance and that should work. and that should be in a solid manager. thank you very much for your attention. [applause]

>> speaking speaking japanese. translator: have been given another opportunity and as we've pushed together in a separate proposal so with those are three issues will we are really concerned about is those students from last month were launched by north korea.

and the purpose of the launch and among the missiles. and to launch from the submarine. and the possibility comes -- can become quite high. and those tests were conducted by north korea. for them to insist on the nuclear test.

they're very close to completion in to have the antiballistic missiles. but what is difficult over 24 hours 365 days so we do need to have readiness. slowed to be introduced to japan.

and i think that argument of the diplomatic response of the nuclear missile development with the defense capability. >> but there's the possibility of counterattacks but to feel attacked we will defender selves so with that policy

bieber able to defend our country. but then. but then. >>. >> of was thinking of using

the anti-ballistic missile but to have that in place of what worries us is the requires very high in knowledge capability one after the other there will be a limit as to the capability of the defending so we really need to counterattack to neutralize enemies base proposal for the first time in history the major averages the counterattack should they

possess such a capability but as the counterattack is concerned that they could respond in such a way but had the possibility of the counterattack. wages want to be able to defend ourselves. however as the it enemies attack us with the advancement of the technology however if we are attacked we feel that what

we need of course, that takes cooperation with the united states in not thinking about the possibility of japan with a counterattack however we should consider having the type of capability we feel a lot of attention retrospect to the behavior but the north korea attention is to attack even though that is a direct attack it is not for the united states to be reconsidered we should

further enhance the corporate -- cooperation and what is most importance is these efforts. [applause] >> good morning. a member of the house of representatives of japan. i am delighted to be here to speak about japan's strategy for the trump demonstration. i became independent two years ago and i am fully in joining the freedom of speech. [laughter] c-span is broadcasting this event i will put my presentation in english to reach as many viewers.

is a beef - - share brief presentation to focus on three issues first of a like to talk about the trump bid ministrations and next time with my? overview with the asia-pacific region and finally to present some proposals to deal with those dynamics during these presidential campaign the widest back term we encountered did restoration

to the campaign promises to additional for policy foundations of the united states republicans america's first for policy and viewed as steven entrenchment. especially the u.s. resolve from the partnership with the bilateral negotiations with the benefit of american progress. and those of you with it -- but president trump's own competition for u.s. the alliance has also been

interpreted as part of the deal to mention the session during commitment was to strengthen the alliance for her and then they amended many of those. with the meeting between the president for its u.s. farm commitment was best provided as an insurance to the allies in the region. as the key members of the national security team that

the united states presides far from isolationism the remains and activities meant as pcs peace through strength this is also of play in asia. united states demonstrates large scale of the cree and peninsula to page eight --- play that pivotal role for those sanctions to continue modernizing nuclear weapons with those capabilities. the trump ministrations proposal to increase military spending and fortified the falls readiness through future

technology that moral prospects for u.s. strategy for our allies in asia and europe. we will give you a? overview of a specific region. in the past several years and they have left together with tremendous efforts with the ever teach check changing of the region and in 2015 we upgraded those followed by the declaration to provide outlines of the operational scope and of legal platform that is more

integrated bilateral operations the alliance has been in good shape and i have the positive view however the alliance needs to have a constant update without which acadia easily dilute from the shocks we will face in coming years. like the rise of china chinese defense budget in 2004. now six times bigger one more than 10 times bigger so we should bear in mind we

have to face with the new logic to likely be called inferior to china and the gap is widening. that nuclear missile program remains the actual threat to national security. so i agreed to the trump demonstration of all of that plan to urge. >> i think this is the right approach.

tokyo and washington need to consult with one another fed is the excellent strategy both parties including china and russia are committed to the denuclearization and this is a great asset that both parties need to retain. however if that temporary reduction but i see the icbm department. >> and with that perspective this is from a long time ago.

'' we need here is the alliance strategy for north korea. to maintain costard -- constant superiority and to be recognized as a nuclear-armed state with the capability against the u.s. intervention there for the repeatedly contended the six party talks is dead but the joint statement in september september 2005 washington and tokyo and seoul, korea need to deny aid the objectives. and then to but this is

probably the only way to seek serious negotiations lastly also those proposals to strafe and the u.s.-japan alliance in seamless by the responses and just to those challenges. as the low end of the conflict but in the medium through high-end but of course, japan has the committee they want them to

deal with it. but based on the seamless judge of operations under the interment into that to be necessary to come up with the joint conduct despite the access that is used by a guidance in 2012 more over

japan needs to dramatically increase the those platforms we should not let china neutralize those forces measures including fighter based air defense and cruise missile defense but those must we highlighted. second to have security cooperation and edition to i have long been a proponent of the regional support in addition to the concept of the host

nation support of each ally strategically ensured us more presence in this region as well as to facilitate operational support, close corporation among key allies, southeast asia-based on the host regional support network across the region. is vitally important to develop. japan and the united states together, regional partners also need to ramp up the capacity in southeast asia, the philippines and vietnam. is a lifetime, constantly challenged in the south china sea erupted, forced development

to enhance maritime domain awareness of capability. and to counter these behaviors of the chinese partner. is a high priority. i will stop here and look forward to your comments and issues, thank you very much. [applause] >> thank you to each of you for concise and precise observations on the challenges and responsibilities going forward.

and i appreciate the two staged approach to north korea. and diplomacy. and to get much out of the policy. the 6 party talk on the nfc staff. experience has taught us all that we cannot expect a renewed effort. to change the calculation about nuclear weapons and a temporary visa could do more harm than good. deterrence and the credibility of the deterrent tutorial. your comments and others.

you have to be prepared for the selective effort. and the host regional support. and bringing back the so-called quad. it is -- and all of this, especially north korea and the republic of south korea as a critical role. i am correct that as foreign minister, the us, japan and rok came close to agreeing to a

statement. and with the quad and movement towards collective security statement with federated defense, all the pieces are there but they haven't done any of it so the first question is are we at a stage now especially with north korea, need to think about security arrangements. probably not nato, but something different than we have done in the past. since akihisa nagashima raised this question, give us your thoughts on the bilateral alliances we have, something closer to his collective

security arrangements. >> i will -- >> translator: in asia, we need to deepen a security arrangement to do so, in the north korean peninsula, strategic tie between japan and south korea need to be tightened and strengthened. whether it can be achieved politically is -- and a long time he anticipated we will have a diversity in south korea

didn't happen with australia, with russia but it hasn't happened. and a tense situation. and a corporation to north korea, and india. >> and we 10 years, $17 trillion by that report investing that money.

the presence of the united states, asia-pacific. and to see how this would develop and japan, the trump administration asks japan to build up the capability for the budget of defense. then the defense budget could be raised 1.2% of gdp. and that additional, used to increase the accessibility and increase the infrastructure capability. to support us presence. by doing so i believe japan

should take leadership in structure in that regard. first i would like to talk about the relationship with south korea. when the missile was launched by north korea and considered the exercise to attack us bases. and the missiles, to demonstrate to simultaneously attack bases in japan. the united states has -- to

south korea and japan. and and i would like to talk about my personal view, what worries me most is how the administration would face north korea. china had influence over north korea. if you look at recent relationships between them and north korea the give me some doubts. and secretary tillerson has a meeting in north korea. when vice president penn's was detouring in asia, north korea

conducted. it seems to me north korea is not concerned -- kim jong un has been in power the last 5 years but hasn't been that old.

and and then -- i don't believe it is easy to make nuclear development stop and. and providing oil to north korea. and even though, and and how this would deal with this. >> launch the missiles in syria and afghanistan, the bomb was

used. and deployed in japan, the strong posture, the trump administration and with. and the next step of the trump administration, try to be patient. and the next step by the trump administration, and in east asia, very important and the

defense ministers meeting is regulating in japan. the japan and us, there are many issues. and between japan -- and involvement in the united

states. and momentarily -- and when it is there in 5 years. and there is a trilateral korea. and that is a very good impact. between the united states and alliance -- and japan, us and south korea. a lot of them in that area. and support to the rest of the

world quickly impacting japan, and japan is able to provide support to the united states, in australia and the arrangement, where it is written. and to consider the importance -- the cooperation with india is critical. and active -- in support of the terrorism to introduce the

counterterrorism and ship inspection. the multilateral approach and therefore floor to ceiling, the multilateral degree and the relationship is developed. >> in the unclassified statements from the administration that seems there is a consensus in donald trump's first term, north korea will develop some kind of icbm capability, missile and a warhead that could potentially hit the united states, whether it is demonstrated, whether it works will remain in question, but there will be some kind of new threat in the coming years. this is the concern about what is decoupling. the us would not maintain its

nuclear umbrella over japan because it is not a record. this is not new, the cold war, francis duval asks what you trade new york for paris, that capability, the us's nuclear umbrella didn't change. it is understandable these concerns would come up. the homeland could be hit directly by a missile. in your comments i heard little flavor, decoupling. it would not be good for the us and china to arrange a freeze, temporarily held the icbm and japan and north korea a place for development but that is an example of decoupling concerns and i talked about counterstrike

capability, presumably surface to surface, us-japan alliance. that is also political or geopolitical or symbolic and not just military, how serious the concern is in japan, about decoupling. the effect of this study of counterstrike capability just a study or is it a real requirement, japan will probably push and should we be worried about this and paying attention to make sure extended nuclear policy is as credible as

possible. >> translator: the alliance of north korea, the capability, we have trust in that, the palace against japan, and the stock from happening, and the readiness is -- the response is needed. the response capabilities remain in hawaii and guam. it would be the major one. it may take time.

in order to keep the third lunch from coming. and we need to advance our safety. and all the countries in the world, we did have self defense but by preventing ourselves from preventing the other side from launching the attack japan does not have that capability. that does not mean we engage in war but the second attack is carried out by an enemy, we do have accessibility of self defense to keep our enemy from doing so and i think that is constitutional, and what we have

to do with the government, for the analysis. >> something we worry about prior to the trump administration. president trump said america first in america is more important, i wonder what happened with their engagement. after -- the first summit that he had with prime minister abe, they establish a friendly relationship based on trust and secretary matus and secretary

tillerson came to japan soon after they were appointed, and general mc master has knowledge and understanding of japan, so strategically important. and to assist this alliance, and should play the rule and responsible manner. and that needs to be worked out. the counterattack against enemies really has to do with

japan's security. not that we can completely secure our safety by relying upon other states and information gets around very quickly and uad, could be utilized and also information, shared between allies. based on that, they divide the responsibility. the shield by which, responsible and providing which one is responsible, providing that, those needs to be glorified and we should discuss more about doctoring and other weapons, biological chemical weapons we need to prevent installation of

such dangerous weapons. cbt t, the system to manage the situation. and we need to impose sanctions if violated. providing the record as we continue to preserve peace, with flexible deterrent strategy, part of that is mobilized and we need to give strong support to that. as far as decoupling that has been going on among experts particularly -- japan is now

facing such a situation and the current situation in the korean peninsula, the media communication becomes very intense and i think the japanese family is very worried and concerned so discussion has become so heated, needs to maintain congress. we rely on nuclear deterrence and in spite of such tense situations there is not much japan can do, the united states and china discuss the same things, there is no such role to be deployed by japan so it is a worthless situation so i think this discussion needs to be

done. the counterattack capability is necessary. the defense cooperation between japan and the united states has to be conducted at different levels by sharing information to determine and aware to counter interceptors and missiles, so by having lots of layers of the corporation, the strength of japan and the united states. >> a microphone is ready so why don't we take some questions from the audience.

you can direct it to a member up front here. >> thank you. currently teaching disaster preparedness, an excellent presentation. my question, a terrible event if there were an attack on japan a large number of civilian casualties would require humanitarian assistance. the japan self-defense force and us military working together wonderfully 6 years ago after the tsunami and earthquake in eastern japan so my question is given the dangers of an enemy attack, the us military planning and working on how to provide large-scale humanitarian help and is this going to include

working with civilian authorities? >> translator: ten years ago, the contingency, in it there is no regarding protection of the citizens at the time of contingency, how to protect the life of the citizens. and on a municipal level, being prepared, when the missile was launched, and evacuation exercise was conducted. of course, us forces in japan will act together with us.

we need to consider the possibility of receiving support from us forces and at the time of that operation, very effective support was provided. we would like to continue conducting exercise. at the time of the earthquake i was one of the people affected by this earthquake and actually saw with my own eyes how much support was provided by us forces. at the time of such a disaster, the support is critical and the attack was made and we need the support but what is important is prevent such an attack and for

that we need diplomacy and missile defense. we have a system called j alert. of north korea actually comes to japan immediately, japanese government, the center of government would send an alert to the municipal government and each of the municipal governments are going to issue an alert over -- and we receive such an alert by mobile phones but it will only take a few minutes for missile to launch and needs to figure out either where to evacuate people and provide shelters and i think the release of the affected people is very important. ..

important. twenty years ago between japan and the united states has been discussed. after that, about the assumption of this kind of emergency the program had been activated. of course, between the allocate in the united states because they were allied forces, how to evacuate noncombatants. they had seen a lot of programs updated but between japan and south korea, as far as i know, now jointly them and a sent them to overseas. i think there is not much discussion and plan formulated between the two governments yet

and therefore, at this moment, unless we do that from seeing situation could happen at any time and, therefore, sharing something we have to really improve. but the saving of the evacuees, and i think, i think that is very important starting point for us to conduct a discussion between japan and south koreai are in that process, the united states has a lot of important role to play other than the japanese evacuated from the korean peninsula forces so when the nationals may join so jp and u.s. also adjustment needed. >> from the corporation gentleman thank you very much. in recent years traveling to japan one often hears that japan

concern for security primarily centered on china where as many japanese perceive united statesj was more worried about north korea. based on your comments today it sounds like you have now changed your perspective on the ranking ored ordering of the threat is that accurate and driven by recent missile tests that were explicitly targeted as.dr and second that it is prioritizing working with china to address this threat, in years past, japanese have very worriet japan might be by passed by united states in favor of working with china to address regional and global problem. do you any fear this is happening again and part of the abe administration to make sure it is not bypassed? thank you.is not b [inaudible conversations] >> concern is divisionism of is

chinas china that is for the military expansion of china and china has been expanding and existing the interest like territorial water, expansion by china and a so just then east china sea is important the -- how to preblght protect the island is issue and therefore, from japanese defense -- they have to still protect it. in south china sea inclement of the coral leaf cannot be tolerated and that is the for

the safety a entherefore japan should collaborate service of the world so that should follow rule set by the community and different in korea and china is china is able to consult diplomatically that's what we believe in but north korea diplomacy it cannot work. and therefore, the crisis facing us i think north korea should be tap on the wrist of the ranking but currently that china using the lateral approach try to change a status quo in the south china sea. jan and russia used to have a very good relation. then i was -- the difference minister japan, russia too was first carried out very good relations but fast point of the russia carried out

lateral change of the status in ukraine. and ukraine is distant place from japan. but we should not tolerate the cohearseive change of status therefore together the united states japan carried out sanction visa russia and japan, russia, the country the relations have been somewhat strained. but cohearsive change of the status by force ting that is so universal principle. anything which is contrary to this in consistent with that --i that is basic principle of the united states. and therefore, jamb and united states it should be firm against china to convince that coercionive or change of status by force is not tolerable and

china can respond diplomatically, i believe, and north korea is immediate threat. short-term threat and chinese threat is i don't know whether we can call it threat. that is along to immediate wrum to long-term threat. so we should separate that two kinds of threat. and in any case, we have our greats concern about china's activities.in any and the emergence of trump administration maybe i think that is our perception only that trump administration security, and trade issues that trump physician made, use different trade, the deal. and that decided not to -- currency money later status to china. and while that is done, the security -- the picture is that china takesc the different approach unless

that is check last during the obama administration the artificial island reclamation underrace so after the burst ofi that trump administration i may be wrong if i may be wrong correct me. freedom of negotiation has not been carried out once even after the trump administration. while you look at the situation of china, and the island in south china sea, fighter seem. further they adjust in training or diplomacy. they say aircraft will not be used but military aircraft exist there that is the fact. and therefore as time passes,

strategy balance weigh more heavily to china. and therefore, this not a deal in it should be taken care for the best to great interest. >> stage here and then in the front row we have best and brightest of japan's national security thinkers.ve the and the reality is we could probably get more and more members to fill the rows who would agree with what you're saying. members i think there is a pretty strong consensus among political elites about japan's strategy going forward and people can tell me i'm wrong later but i would

argue among american treaty allies there's more consensus in japan than there is anywhere particularly in europe and include europe and australia. and that's all quite impressive. at the same time, the national security legislation was a hard, hard legislative fight. and almost half of japanese opposed it.e oppose and some people put it out their opinion poll that show if japan were attacked only 11 or 12% of japanese would join the defense forces to fight. as if indication that japan is really not great passive of course you do the math that's a 10 million man army. 20 times current self-defense course impressive unless people who answered are 75 or 80 years old. [laughter] so we don't know. we don't know. but you do in a way. you're at the a intersection of strategy and politics.

what is your sense of the japanese broad public opinion on the security challenges on this self-defense form on the defense policy reform on collectivee self-defense?e on, for example, counterattack against kneel bases? are are you all way ahead of the public or do you think you're just in front of the public? where's public opinion? [inaudible conversations] d i'm sorry. >> have to wait for the translation. [inaudible conversations] >>ening it is very important for politicians, the two -- the work dubbed ahead, and then one try to -- when security in japan, u.s.

security the treaty. the ones discuss there was a huge position and then some death in the process. however, now, i think hardly anr the japanese would think that there shouldn't be -- there's no need for security treaty. so if time goes on where we'll be able to understand the importance of a security legislation, and when we discussed about security and two years ago, we said that in order to counter from south korea not only owned by japan, but also leadership owned by united states is necessary. states

so if -- if there's a huge crisis in korea, not the the peninsula and then we need deal with a lot and whether japan alone could deal with it. so those are the examples that which were presented to the public, and currently we have to extension and i know peninsula, however, the worse of the legislation already in place that we can deal with it. so we really, the need to undertake leadership is concerned in looking ahead and different place the necessary legislation two years ago as a democratic party of japany opposed against them, the legislation harr earings and

myself and part leaders and reason why i left them, the democratic party of japan is -- because of that. but what i felt that -- of course the security there shouldn't be too much part security arrangement should not be too little. however, we have some on by doing too much in that area. however, these days i think people too little security iseo not enough. so we have to really put necessary legislation discussion was public, however, two years ago opposition in parties politicized this issue too much. one thing i would like to add is 2003 i think the made reference

to contingency to south -- and at that had time to the party of japan and cuba -- played very important role. and we either build consensus and pass legislation. however, two years ago it didn't happen. we failed to form a political consensus. so probably the ldp should either be a little what was -- a little too arrogant and i think they really have to listen either to the opinion of the bipartisan party and consider manner.

if that kind of environment were built, then some of the opposition either party members would have agree to that. that was rather unfortunate. >> when they were asking questions and you were answering questions as defense minister was he the best questioner because he knew so much or the worst questioner because he knew so [laughter] and i think he always is one step ahead of ruling parties so if she proposing forthcoming, however, realistically we have to oppose against it. but she -- there are few members of the

party of japan who had the very progressive deal. t we're talking about constitutions, what unfortunate is democratic party of japan is very negative of having a discussion on the constitution, the issues. for example, just to hold the meeting is very, very difficult. because they are very reare reluctant and one of the members that proposed about meeting and that american so criticized in that party and then he was very discouraged. so even within that party there was not a discussion going on that was regard to constitution. so for japan, i hope that the include party of japan should deal with the issue of most

areas.eal wi >> contributors in recent history. sunday night on afterwards pulitzer journalist helen cooper discusses life and presidency of liberia first elected female president in her book, "madam president" ms. cooper is interviewerred by karen bass of california.

>> when did you fist meet madam president? >> known about her all my life. she was -- >> what did you know about her? >> she became famous and ms. finance in 1979 and 1980 when acue happened so the minister of finance was -- she knew my parents and so they were -- you know, she was somebody that as a child growing up in liberia i heard of speaking truth to power. she was always you know criticizing same government that she worked for. in 1985 when she was arrested and loan into jail by samuel, i heard all about that, and she became at this time sort of a political icon. >> watch afterwards sunday night at 9 p.m. eastern on krrk span 2 east booktv.