This paper presents a discussion and data concerning the career preferences of 2,842 graduate students enrolled in the arts and sciences in 1958. It was found that 38% of the students surveyed preferred research activities in their fields and 39% preferred to teach on an undergraduate or graduate level. Concerning the type of employer the students preferred, 60% indicated liberal arts colleges or large universities, 17% indicated business and industry, and less than 10% were oriented toward government, nonprofit agencies, solo practice, or public school systems. A review of the various academic and personal background characteristics of the graduate students revealed only 2 items associated with preference for academic jobs: those students in higher prestige graduate schools and those who were religious apostates were more likely to prefer academic positions. Data are also included concerning student attitudes and values. (HS)