- - what's wrong with my running for president of this country? - i almost resent, vice president bush, your patronizing attitude that ye to teach me about foreign policy. - ahh! - i'm doing this because i love you. - to night my name will go on nomination for the presidency. or - i will beat al like a drum. [cheers and applause] - i want my country back! [cheers and applause] - mr. president, you were elected to lead. you chose to follow. and now it's time for you to get out of the way. female announcer: "16 for '16: the contenders" is made po fible in part by td foundation, working with the visionaries on the front lines of social change worldwide;

the william and flora hewlett foundation, helping people build measurably better lives; the corporation for puic broadcasting; and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank u. - i want my country back! i just remember ois spirit comingver me, and i said, "i don't want to listen to the fundentalist preachers anymore." - for a shining moment, dean seemed like he had all the answers, until he didn't, and then, boy, hdidn't. - yeah! - abortion on demand, homosexual rights, it's n the kind of change we can abide in a nation we still cals country. - buchanan's orthodoxy was attractive to the base but was frightening to the genel population. [dmatic music] ♪ - politics can be a bit of a snoozefest, you know, conventional candidates saying the same old same old. but every now and then you get an insurgent, flamethrower,

someone who wants to shake things up. nok in 1992, that person was conservative commentator patrick j. buchanan, who not only ran for the presidency of the united states, but ran against a sitting president in his own party. now, fast-forwdozen years later, and howard dean, the governor of the small state of vmont, also said, "i want to be president." now, on the surface buchanan and dean couldn't be more different, but at their heart, they both fundamentally wanted to change ,ings not just a little b but a whole lot. ♪ . - i was an introve i don't think anybody thought i was going to be a politician, including me. i went to boarding school in rhode island, and i was not a particularly stand-out at anythin in my tenth grade year, there was a kid who'd been bullied who i'd stood up for and who nominated me in the student council, and i was just shocked, shocked.

i didn't win, but i was shocked, ,d the next year, i did w and i was--my political career was off to the races. i grew up as a republican. i was for goldwater in 1964 when i was 15. i went to the conventionoo. - together we will win. - but i gradually began to drifa left because of the viwar. - we still eek no wider war. began to drifa left because of the viwar. - you know, we had two successive presidents telling us lies directly to our faces about vietnam. - precipitate withdrawal of all american forces from vietnam would be aisaster, not only for south vietnam, but r the united states, and fo. - i just got totally turned off politics altogether. all: four more years. four more years. - and then, jimmy carter was running for re-election. arand i always liked jimmyr. and he was my kind of democrat. so i went to work for carter's campaign. [cheers anapplause] and about three years later, my own state representati decided to run for the senate, and i figured, i was tired of getting

other people elected; why didn't i do it myself? so i did. - i, howard b. dean... - i, howard b. dean... - solemnly swear... - solemnly swear... i did work with republicans a lot in vermont, but you have to understand, republicans in vermont, they're not like republicans in most of the country. they're not racists. they're not angry all the time. they do care managing money well, which i care a lot about. but then on other issues, like same-sex marriage, i was very much in the forefrt of civil rights. - i call this union good, blessed, and holy. you may now embrace. - i'd been governor for, i think, eight years. you know, i was getting itchy, and i thought, "well, you know, why not me? everybody puts their pants on one leg a time, and so do i, and... [dramatic music] ♪ - the stople of the united es and our friends and allies will not live at the mercy of an outlaw regime that threatens the peace with weapons of mass murder. - howard dean stepped into a moment where america,

anicularly the democratic party, had just bought a bill of goods from the 9/11 response that was engineered by george w. bush. - we will have waited too long. - it was really only howard dean who was an osider. what he had was the freedom to basically say, "this is a huge mess." the president told us that iraq was buying uranium from africa. that turned out not to be true. - people paid attention to the, "who is this guy?" he's saying this stuff that no one else dares to say. - where did the washington democrats stand on the war? dick gephardt wrote the resolution to authorize war. john kerry and john edwards both voted for the war. - look, i'm not actually a dove. i tend to want a robust military prop, but i am an expert in presidents who lie, and george bush wasn't telling us the truth. so i knew the administration knew that there was no weapons of masruction in iraq. [applause] what i wanna kw is, why in the world

the democratic party leadership is supporting the president's unilateral attack on iraq. [cheers and applause] the democrats had pusically become like icans. they were sort of moderate republicans. ey voted for the war. i'm howard dean, and i'm here to regesent the democratic win of the democratic party. [cheerapplause] the eembership was going-- ring on--and all the tablishment candidates were just stone-faced. this party needs to be about changing america, because only by changing america will we win back the white house. [cheers and applause] - and i got a call from a good friend of mine, joe trippi. trippi was his media consultant, and he called me and said, "heyisgovernor dean hinking about "running for president. coul you set up some meetings in" i said, "sure. president of what?" - we had, like, 431 people who had signed up to support his

campaign1 people in the entire country. i'm not sure his mother was on that list. ad no money, and there were three other people, kerry, gephardt, and john edwards in the race that had all the institutional donor base of the party all sewn up. that had all the institutional donor base - it was clear that this guy was gutsy enough as a candidate to take on the democratic establishment. so trippi and others were arguing that we ght to give that same speechn california. - u may not agree with everything he says, but you'll know where he stands, ar governor howd dean. all: we want dean! we want dean! - it started offnns the "what i a know" speech e and just ripping cover off, and-- 'cause everybody else was being cautious, they didn't wanna take y chances, you know, the didn'g that was a mistake. what i wanna know is what in the world so many democrats are doing supporting tax cuts which have bankrupted this country and given us the largest deficit in the history

of the united states. democrats were so disenheartened by bush and by the fact that the democratic party was afraid of bush. eiand people were tired of afraid. i want my country back. [cheers and applause] we want our country back. [cheers and applause] i'm tired of being divided. more and more people were getting excited, and--but the kerry people were clapping politely, then finally i got into the kind of less-attractive parts of the republican party, and i just remember this spirit coming over me, and i said, "i don't want to listen to the fundamentalist preachers anymore." and the whole place, including all the kerry people, just levitated out of their sts. when we were leaving, there were people weeping, standing on chairs, throwing checks at us. when i look itck at the tapes, cared the hell out of me to look at the tapes. all: we want dean! we want dean! - and i've never seen a speaker capture an audience like-- like he did. i mean, people were by the end of the speech literally taking

off john kerry and john edwards buttons and asking for dean buttons. we ran out of bumper stickers and buttons. [applause] today i announce that i am running for the presiden of the united states of america. [cheers plause] - he's the only democrat out there who's actually challenging the president. the rest of them are weak and boring, and i'm just really excited about his campaign. - people understood finally they did have power and they didn't have to weep and moa hand carry on abo terrible bush was. we're gonna win in 2004. thank you very, very much. to get up and do something about it, and i provided the something they could do about it. i saw the mocratic leadership enabling a president who ran up the deficit in a larger way than anybody else, guiding us into another war based on something that wasn't true, and i didn't see any reason i should put up with it or the american people should put up wi it. i believe that by running for president that i could raise the issues of health care for every american, the need tdhfocus on early chd development, and i wanted to balance e budget to bring fiscal stability and jobs back to the united states of amica.

[cheers and applause] - dean had a signature phrase he used in the campaign that the grass roots lo, and that was, "you have the power." and they took that literally. - you have the power to take back the democratic party. you have the power to make this country the country of the middle class again. and we have the power to take the white house back in 2004. ♪ so i start out, and, of course, nobody's ever heard of me anpaying any attention to me. they're all chuckling, and my wonderful assistant who was with me for 12 years, we're walking down the street to the office to see how things e going. and she says, "well you're number six on meetup," and i say, "what is meetup?" - at the time, nobody knew what a meetup was, but everyone wanted to meet up, and then peopl started posting things online. howard dean started having this a

he couldn't stop it. - i assume thaetmost of you are people? [cheers] - so the camhoign gets a little er. and now we have a teeny, little office in burlington mp and fouryees or something. i'm walking down the street, and she says to me, "oh, you're number two on meetup." and i saidnu"oh, really? who'er one?" "witches." - 14 months before a general elecon, and here we all are. - the dean campaign i think really created a host of technological innovations for the first time in politics. they createdroto-social networking platform called deaink. campaign supporters could create profiles and network with one another and take actions on behalf of theampaign. - there was no facebook. there was no twitter. modern internet didn't exist. they just took this clunky internet, and they organized it, and they built a list of a million people, and people kept sending us money. - there were all sorts of other individuals who came from either the silicon valley technology industry

or the technology industry more broadly. - we aextraordinary grassroots campaa.n of the modern - there was lots of college kids who had technical skills or were participating in open-source communities who were very much attracted by this idea that dean was runnin-ba different, interneted campaign. and that excited them. howard dean met a moment, right, and it was a moment of tremendous change ti american po. when dean comes on the scene, nobody thinks you can raise motside the party establishment. - july 2003, vice president dick cheney was hosting a large-dollar fund-raiser. what the dean campaign wanted to do was really demonstrate the s power of the internethey coordinated a small-dollar fund-raiser to coincide with vice preside dick cheney's event. they gave dean a turkey imsandwich, and they sat hn front of a webcam, and they filmed this and put it out online and called for donations. it proved enormously successful. the campaign raised around $400,000

beating the vice president's haul by $200,000. - we did 15 million in a quarter, and we didn't do it with maxed-out, big, you know, millionaire donors. we did i with people giving an average o, 10 bucks a pop, $25 a pop. - was it the internet? what was it that that that got you to the top? - it was 23-year-olds. we didn't have any money. and we were incredibly attractive to young people, because as you get older, a little hypocrisy goes a long way as a social lubricant, but young people don't think that's a skill, and they don't like it. [upbeat music] ♪ - august of 2003 he was on the cover of both "time" th and "newsweek" asame time, which is a rare occurrence, and people were beginning to think of him as the possible not just candidate but president, and there was a lot of pressure on him to act presidential. and that's a real struggle for especially a rookie candidate.

- in seatile, we filled an square with about 10,000 people and i went, "oh my god." and i realized i was responsible for all these people in some way, and that was very sobering. - so i'm very proud and honored to endor next president of the united states of america. - it was a big deal. it was an enormous deal to have al ge endorse me. and isn't it great to have al gore back in iowa? [cheers and applause] - dean was the hottest commodity inside the democratic party, and dick gephardt, john edwards, john kerry spent every day, every night just knocking howard dean o size. he was the guy to beat. - he was numnur one going into y 1st. - and guess what. they knocked him down. i mean, they undermined him, they beat him, they got-- they took his momentum - what do i think? well, i think howard dean should take his tax-hiking,

government-expanding, latte-drinking, sushi-eating, volvo-driving, "new york times"-reading... - body-piercin hollywood-loving left-wing freak show back to vermont, where it belongs. - a lot of negative stuff came out at dean at the time, because he was e front-runner, and the other campaigns began to coordinate their attacks on him, and that took its toll. keand there are those who up every morning determined to destroy western vilization. americans want a president who can face the dangers ahead. but howard dean has no military or foreign policy experience. and howard dean just cannot compete with george bush on foreign policy. politics is a substitute for war. you're not gonna meet the garden club when you're running for president of the united states. you're gonna meet some people who 400 years ago would have cheerfully taken your life. - unfortunately, there's only one target worth killing on the planet, and his name is howard dean.

- es and gentlemen, we got him. [cheers and applause] - i was giving a big foreign policy speech in los anges, and he was captured that morning, and i just changed the speech, and the line was... the capture of saddam is a good thing, which i hope very much will keep our soldiers in iraq and around the world safer. but the capture of saddam has not made america safer. it was absolutely true, but it was a really stupid thing to say on the day that everybody could feel good about tha.selves in americ - i thought that you didn'lf really dent your with the saddam thing. i felt like that hit you, but you kept moving, but black and brown debate, al sharpton turns to you... - right, and says, "how many black people are in your cabinet?" - how you can explain not one yblack or brown working fr administration as gornor? we do have african-american and latino workers in state go - no, no, i said under your administration, did you have a senior member of your cabinet that was black or brown?

- we had a senior member of my staff on my fifth floor. - no, your cabinet. - noid not, none of the six members. - okay, that's my...then--then you need to let me talk to you abo race in this countr - and i didn't do a very good job handling the question. at's one of my weaknesse sometimes it helps to take a little time and, you know, get your breath together before you gure out how you're gonn answer that when i was totally unprepared for it. [applause] ♪ mo - we had a lot ontum obviously going into iowa. dean was leading ilot of the polls at the end of the year. un certainly people arothe nation and in california thought that there was soranof an inevitable ictory, so we threw everything we had in iowa. [cheers and plause] - when you saw howard dean in the lead in late '03-- - i was so hopeful. - really? - dean would've been the walter mondale of 2004.

ouldn't have gotten 49 states, but we would've gotten a bundle. he was so crazy and so unhinged and so unmanageable rg and unruly and uanized and undisciplined. we could've had a lot of fun with him. - i was an insurrectionist, and i s a very good one. and we built this enormous movement, but people expect you to be presidential, and i wasn't. and i knew i had to make the change, and it was really hard. - politics, particularly in early primary states like iowa, like to set of the candidate, like a lot of the precinct level organizing that goes into really creating a successful iowa caucus cpaign. - our operation in iowa was not as good as it should have been, and--because we started off with nothing, and so we built it on chewing gum and bailing wirer from a--by a tfic person, but we needed the real pros. - the dean campaign was bragging about all these people that are gonna be working the caucuses for him, ged they're all wearing or hats. ,we started talking to th and then we realized that not

onhem was from iowa. and if you know anything about the iowa caucus, you t ship people in on caucus day. [cheers and applause] - let's give him an iowa welcome, our friend, our democratic nominee, the next president of the united states, john kerry. - kerry received 38% of the iowa delegates. edwards received 31%. coming in third, frnmer vermont gove howard dean, with 18%. up until this week, dean was widely viewed as the race's front-runner. - if you had told us one year ago that we were gonna come in ul third in iowa, we wohave given anything for that. - i was surprised that dean was so energetic and positive that night, 'cause i wasn't feeling that way. in some ways, it was, you know, a testament to him trying to be upbeat. - not only are we going to new hampshire, tom harkin, we're going to south carolina, and oklama, and arizona, and north dakota, and new mexico. and we're going to california and texas and new york,

and we're going to south dakota and oregon and washington and michigan, and then we're going to washington, d.c., to take back the white house. yeah! there was 1,200 kids in the room. it was enough noise that you couldn't heaa jet engine. and i just gave this speech, and unfortunately, the microphone was hooked directly into the camera, and so it looked like i was screaming and yelling, and i couldn't be heard in the room. all: dean! dean! dean! dean! - the national media coverage o around dean coming oiowa was very negative, which is ally tough for any candidate to endure. - this is, like, the sick thing about politics. think about . kerry wins, edwards takes second. it should have been kerry-edwards. let's go to new hampshire. let's see what happens. but no, dean screams. so he story the next day isn't kerry-edwards. it's kerry wins, dean screams, kerry wins, dean screams. - but this speech really reinforced the notion as to

whether or not howard dean was ready to be president, whether they can imagine him in the oval office. - i think for the political press it was a way for them to monstrate that we weren't ready. and i think that's why the political press continued to run with the story. - a dean scream contest. fi let's see if we care out who the republicans are here. - and neco.. - and north dakota... - we're going to south dakota and oregon. - we're going to washington, d.c., ake back the white house. - yeah! - yeah! of - you're the joke late-night tv. it's a real challenge, because the fund-raising dries up, nd the grass roots are of in revolt, d the campaign begins t. - we're gonna go to pittsburgh in pennsylvania. we're goeag to cancun for sprink. if it tas you ten days to recover from where the press is taking it, the problem is, the next election is in six days. you're just sort of hostage to that thing. - bahh! - afthe scream, and you saw the reverberations,

did you feel like it was over, ti did you feel like there was a window? - no, there was a window. we had an incredible new hampshire organization. it was so strong. - and howard dean at 24%. ank you, new hampshire, for lifting up this campaign. - it was very difficult for us to susin the resources of the campaign, to continue fund-raising without those early victories. people were disappointed and not givi as much anymore. - i'd been skewered by the democrats. i'd been skewered by the press. i'd--i was really angry. i'm in the wisconsin primary, ab and it was midnight two days before the primary, and i'm just ranting and raving to myself, and the phone rings, and it's al gore. and i'm going, "al, you tell me why i'm a democrat. what do i owe this party after this?" he says, "you know, howard, this is really not about you. it's aboutountry." and as soon as he said it, i just shut up, because of course he is right. it's nut me. it's about the country.

- take a look at the final numbers. they show that john kerry won by only aboutcentage points. 34% for john edwards. howard dean finished well back in third place. - i am no longer actively pursuing the presidency. we will however continue to build a new organization using our enormous grassroots network to continue the effort to transform the democratic party and to change our country. - no one i ever worked for had more courage than howard dean, no one. - why do you think that is? why do you think he was unafraid? - i think he truly believed that we were right that he was right. when we started out, i remember when our first polls came back. 80% of the american people were for the war, 80%. i've been around for 30-something years, and it's very rare that you see somebody gng out there and going toe-to-toe on the 20 side of an 80-20 issue. - if there was a moment for defeating george w. bush,

that was the one, because so much had gone wrong. - major combat operations in iraq have ended. in the battle of iraq, the united states and her allies have prevailed. [cheers and applause] - but americans were still afraid from 9/11, and the republicans managed to use that "who do you trust more?" idea to their favor. but for a momont--for a shining nt, dean seemed like he had all thdianswers, until he 't, and then, boy, he didn't. - i want to go to washington and stand up for what's right, not just what's popular. all: dean! dean! dean! - dean had a really important role to play in 2004. a lot of the experimenting on the internet that his team edd really pav the way. we aised about half our monon ,

and people don't remember that. ♪ - i tell everybody who worke for me that they were the wright broers. we were just on this flimsy airplane trying to put a propeller with a rubber band on it, turn it enough times, and see if we can get up in the air, and jur years later, barack obama's guys, many of them from the dean campaign, actually get to the moon and land back in the white house. - i, barack hussein obama, do solemnly swear... - i got to know howard dean when he decided after the election cycle to to run for party chair. dean wanted to really apply to the democratic party what he had igapplied to his own campa - barack obama and joe biden know that this is not just about turning red states blue. itut turning our country around. - and the first thing he did was basically announced that he would invest in all 50 state rties,

and all hell broke loose in the democratic rty. it was the best kind of hell i've ever seen in my life. - dean basically broughthe democratic par into the 21st century during his tenure as chair. he created a internet department at the party. he institutionalized the idea of small-dollar email fund-raising in the democratic party. and all of trried through and benefited obama's run in 2008 and then ultimately obama's run 2012. - howard dean had a holistic approach to curing what ailed the party as opposed to just fixing one bone at a time. i believe he will go down as one of the best chairs that we've ever had. - the way to get elected iotthis country is no be like the republicans, it's to stand up against them and fight. if you don't have guts, you're not an attractive candidate, and you basically lose, 'cause the american people are looking for somebody's guts. i waamerica that looks like america, where we're all included... - billmylinton once said--it's avorite saying in politics-- "people will always vote for someone who's strong and wrong before theote for somebody who's weak and right."

we have a dream, we can only reach the dream if we're all together. i wasn't afraid to stand up for what i believed in, and i though whatever the consequences were short-term, it was important to tell the truth. stand up for america. stanup for america. [cheers and applause] - i think i've lost the country i grew up in. - he was really running against demographic change, against latiris, against afcan-americans. - i used to joke that i thought he'd been abducted by aliens and i wasn't talking about mexicans - buchanan is a racist. [upbeat music] ♪ - it was not some liberal democrat who declared, "read my lips, no new taxes," an broke his word to cut a seedy backroom deal

with the big spenders on capitol hill. i'd supported bush in 1988. i liked the president. i was at his house a lot. but you cannot raise taxes. this is one thing these conservatives are relying on. they wth you. you cannot break that pledge. - pat buchanan came along and said, "i've had enough." "i'm raising the flag of conservatism. we're going to challenge the president ofhe united states." and those of us that were, you know, sort of working around that in washington and around the country were like, "amen. t's go." ♪ nobody else would get in, nobody would raise the banner. and i'm supposed to be a conservative leader, so what i'm nna do is, like it or no i'm gonna go up there and say, "this is not conservatism what he's doing. and here's what true conservatism represents." - number one, from our family, you had to take a position. you couldn't just go through life without believing in anyt wng. e taught to believe and to believe with everything and-- and to fight for those principles and beliefs. pat and i, we're one of nine.

we had dinner every night as a family, and there's a whole lot of fighting going on in thifamily and disagreeing, and that's part of being a good catholic irish family. you know, there's great love in our home. so w called me asked me if i would be involved in his campaign, he was thinking of running for pres i said, "i will be with you in any position you choose." he called me up, and he said, "fellow, this is pat buchanan. can you come help me put a little press event together?" an i was sort of, "wow, thi is p" my father once told me, "i know you work for all these "consees, but you'll really impress me if you work for pat buchanan." - tonight from washington, "crossfire." on the left, tom braden. on the right, pat buchanan." - at that time, pat buchanan was a commentator on "the mclaughlin group," which was quite well-known, maybe filling in aheittle bit oncapital gang," some of thesbagreat talk shows ck in the day that cnn was doing with all the great journalists of the time. - so whyou against a missile defense for the united states when right now the soviet union is putting missiles into afghanistan...

and i came off "crossfire" tv, said, "i'm gonna challenge the president of the united states in new hampshire." an we went up there de. - the next president of the united states, mr. pat buchanan. [cheers and applause] - why am i running? because we republicans can "it is all the liberals' fault." george bach is a man of grusness, honor, and integrity but the differences between us are now too deep. he is yesterday, and we are tomorrow. [cheers and applause] he is a globalisti and we are alists. we will put america first. - did you think you were capable of serving as president of the united states? - yes, i did, and there's a reason for it. d spent eight years right next to the president of the united states, richard milhous nixon. you know, i'd been wriinng foreign policy i'd

gotten out of graduate school in 1962. i'd been in moscow with nixon. i'd been in geneva with reagan. and i had a lot of confidence in myself in my . ability to communica - pat buchanan was a fiery editorial writer at a st. louis conservative newspaper when nixon asked him to join partly because nixon always had difficult relations with conservatives. - i believe that one of the reasons for the deep division about vietnam is that many americans have lost confidence in what their government has told them about our policy. - when he was writing these speeches and counseling nixon, he was really speaking from the heart. - so tonight, to you, the great silent majority of my fellow americans, i ask for your support. in the silent ty, he found a phrase that really encapsulated a lot of people's

view of themselves as ordinary people, who weren't protesting... i miss you on "crossfire." - you do. - but i'd rather see you be president. - uh-huh, well, thank you. - and felte the country was sort of spinning out of their control and they werenon being paid atteno. - how do you respond to george bush's counterattack calling your brand of isolationism an economic retreat from reality? - you know, this region has lost 500,000 jobs, and this state has lost 50,000 jobs, and i think it is mr. bush really who has had his head in the sand w policy and not pat buchanan. - pat buchanan was appealing to an increasingly disaffected white male who felt that america has been changing too quickly for themhat they didn't have a shot at the american dream, because hey have to compete for resources with people of color that are not doing their fair share. - until pat buchanan came up here to fight mr. bush for this nomination, those people in washington behaved as though they did not care.

[cheers and applause] - well, the--first and foremost, it was the issue of free tra. all: hell no, wto. hell no, wto. - it was hurting americans. that's the bottom line. it needs be a policy that works foour people. illegal immigration is affecting the neediest of american workers. we were bringing in enormous em competition for th. likewise, thesconservative issuf affirmative action. it should be the content of one's character and the qualy of their abilities that should move people forward and have them promoted, not color of skin or other attributes. n- we have to have a fore policy, a trade policy, that sists upon reciprocity. we have to tell the japanese, "we know what you're doing in e super-computer industry, but you're not gonna drive ours out of business. [cheers and applause] - we had no idpp what was gonna . we had ten weeks to throw everything we had at it and do the best we could, and the money came in. - we're noeemoving mr. bush 2 deto the left

or 2 degrees to the right. we are here to take awak this nomination andour country back in november, and with your help, i thinwe can do it. - well, in order to do something like that in a last-minute throw, that doug flutie hail mary-like pass, and try to winame, if you will, you had to be known. you had to be polar. but most importantly, you had to have a cause, and you had to have a way to communicate it. - i think america needs a new patriotism tt puts our own country first and a new birth of freedom, surely economic freedom for all our people, and i think that means new lead for the united states, so together let's launch that second american revoluta n and bring amerme to the people to whom she truly belongs. thank you very much. ha - he had a great causehe truly, sincerely, and passionately believed in, and he knew how to talk about it. - he threw down the gauntlet. he challenged the leaders of his party. the price.

they called him every name in the book. ♪ - you know, when i was up there for the firstwo days, i went down the streets of the main towns, and it was a depression in new hampshire. really was. and all i had to say to the folks there, "how can geoese bush cure the ron if he won't even admit there is a recession?" - when people are hurting, we care. we're in a political year, and you hear people that have discovered new hampshire for the first time running around trying to say somethiou different; of ce we care. - the key to politics is, if they're with somebody else and you're running behind, as clearly we would be, we have to give them a reason to--to second-gue the person they're with, so we introduced this ad which makes thall that he has broken his promise. - in 1988, we believed george bush he took the tax pledge. elieved him again when he promised... - then bush hit us with the largest tax increase in history.

bush betrayed our trust. - bush had flown up to maito, and he goeennebunkport 100 times or so, and he never simply drove over to new hampshire and say, "there are real problems here. tellout 'em." he never did. and so he was seen really as an absentee president who did not understand what was happening in his own backyard. the last three years, they had more sightings of elvis up here than they did of mr. bush. [lauter and applause] what you have to understand about a buchanan rally, it is a male thing. it's like a mafia meeting or a tractor pull. they're very localized people. they're rooted people who are not ideological at all, and frankly, they're your strongest supporters. all: go, pat, go! go, pat, go! - it was just before christmas. i'd been run for two weeks, and we went into this place. it was a paper mill. and i went over, and i shook hands with these gs. and one of the guys who was almost my age, he looked down,

and then he looked in my eyes, s.and he said, "save our j and it went right through me,r and i picked up the pa the next morning. and the american export-import bank was financing a paper mill in mexico. and that's when i said to myself, "what are we doing to our own people here?" - it's imperative that the president of the united states fight for american jobs and american families. for the first time in a long time, my good friend, george herbert walker bush. he - we're poking at at president of the united states. riyou know, they were figung out whether they should respond or not, and when they finally did, it took the campaign to a new level. we were able to raise more money that way, get more crowds to our events. it now became a real campaign. - it is about the heart and soul of the republican party and the future of that political party. what do we as republicans, as conservative republicans, really stand for now? - bu anan's role really is toshape ar

what the republican party is, anhe does. - it was mr. bush himself who said yesterday, "government is too big and costs too much." and a lot of my ideas are designed to reduce the size and weight of government. mr. bushopting my rhetoric. he is adopting some of my ideas. - he really madeear to the people that became the tea party that this is how you control the republican primary process. you energize these people on the extreme, then, you know, win as best you can. - if i am elected, my friends, i will go through this administration department by department and agotcy by agency and ut the whole rotten infrastructure of reverse discrimination root and branch. [cheers and applause] - he was really running against demographic change, against latinos, against asians, against african-americans, against gays and lesbians.

his position on gays and lesbians is a very mean-spirited, homophobic position. he would have--he would destroy the families of people that i know and love, and i can't support that, and i find it offensive. i that he's gone off the rails on a lot of issues. not least io which is immigr but also some of his foreign policy views. he's really become ai. - when he was a colleague of mine in the reagan white house, he had very different positions on issues then. - get them out of here! get them out of here! - why don't you gentlemen please leave? - i us to joke that i thought he'd b, and i wasn't talking about mexicans. i was talking about space aliens. because he has changed his position so radicall - i want you to vote. at the same time, send a message to congress. and at the same time, send a hasta la vista, baby. thanyou. - the voters of new hampshire have spoken,

and president bush says he got the message. the president won the votes of 58% of the republicans, but pat buchanan finished with a very strong 40%. - it was considered i've got--the manchester "union leader" had a huge headline, "read our lips," you know, to bush. if we can get the support rising up from all over e country, we can and will take this party back, and we will ta country back from the one-party establishment in washington, and we will change america, and we will change the world. thank you very much. [ches and applause] the perception was, he had delivered a major blow to president bush in new hampshire and that maybe he had a chance to win the nomination. - mr. bush said there will be no more kinr-gentler. fhe's gonna take e gloves. they're gonna do what they didn't do in new hampshire. well, that is welcome news to us, and welcome to "crossfire," mr. presidt.

- they knew that he had hit a chord that the people were responding to, and theyo crush that. - pat buchanan tells us, "america first." but while our auto industry suffers, pat buchanan chose to buy a foreign car, a mercedes-benz. d pat buchanan cals american cars, "lemons." pat buchanan. it's "america first" in his political speeches n but a foreign-made cars driveway. ♪ - i went all the way out there to california. and we did the california primary. we brought these folks out here, and-- to bring to the attention of california and hopefully the country, the real endangered species are men who work with their hands and the women who work with their hands. and frankly, the big issue that we raised was the border security. i got about 28, 29--some of the southern counts i got almost 30% of the vote against the president of the united states, and you're not running any advertising,

except for saying, "secure the border." - representatives of the latino community are mad with your commentsbout immigrants. they say that your comments are very racist. whatt o you have to say abat? - that's utter nonsense. i don't have any quarrel at all with americans of hispanic descent. i do believe this, that no one is entitled to break into this country in violation of its laws. - it was an amazing time. but once you got more states coming in more quickly, and the money couldn't catch up for us to get our messages out, it became very difficult to see th a path to winning nomination. but we were gonna fight for the things we believed in. al our call was we're goinl the way to the convention. and that's what we did. - at the convention in '92, pat was asked to speak. we said we believe that we represent a lot of these arepublicans and wea right to have a position at the convention, and we will endorse. [cheers and applause] - thank you so very much for th welcome. - we were given a slot the same night as president reagan, which was just wonderful.

[cheers and applause] - they said, "you gotta do three things in the speech. you gotta praise the record of ronald reagan." ronald reagan maderis proud to be amens again. we never felt better about our country, and we never stood taller in the eyes of the world than when the gipper waat the helm. [cheers and applause] "you've gotta endorse george h. w. bush." this campaign is about philosophy, acd it is about chr, and george bush wins hands down on both counts. [ched applause] "and then we want you to tear apart bill clinton." bill clinton's foreign policy experience is pretty much confined to having had breakfast once the international hous. [cheers and applause] and the cultural war for the soul of america, that was my add on to it. there is a religious war going on in this country.

it is a cultural war as critical to the kind of nation we shall be as the cold war itself, for this war is for the soul of america. the agenda that clinton and clinton would impose on america, abortion on demand, a litmus test for the supreme court, homosexualonights, discriminagainst religious schools, women in combat units, that's change, all right. but not the kind of change america needs. it is not the kind of chan and it is not the kind of change we can abide in a nation we still call god's count. [cheers and applause] president bush called me and congratulated me. richard nixon called me and congratulated me. it was a very, very memorable moment. and itinecame extraoily controversial. - i don't think he really helped the republican party.

and certainly his famous culture war speech was vied as divisive in a way that ultimately ended up hurting the republican brand. - we must take back our cities and take back our culture and take back our country. he ran away from the s and he took the consequences. i think bushould have won. - right after the republican national convention, we started building for the '96 camign. did not know that n was going to decide to run in '96. we just knew he had to be ready if he decided to. s good to be back home again. [cheers and applause] let me... let meshirst introduce my wife ley, whom yll know, and my--and my sister bay. [cheers and applause]

- buchanan is a racist! buchanan is a racist! racist! raci! racist! - what made yocome back in? - everybody believed i'd run very strong and run a good campaign ic 1992, and i had terrupport. and i just ddon't think bob was a prohibitive favorite. and i ought if i could get on one-on-one with bob dole in debates that i would be the conservative candidate clearly. i would be the outsider. i had the communication skills. - in '96, they--theyrecog- we had every right to be a candidate now. we were in there against the-- senator gramm, sator dole and again the party expected one of and they wanted nothing to do with us because now pat had more than ten weeks. - but let me take up an issue mentioned by senator dole again. senator dole said if we hadn't bailed out mexico wise $50 billion, why, all t immigrants would come streaming across our border. - it's gonna be repaid the money's gonna be repaid. - lots of luck, bob. - we're not going to lose one cent; we took care of that.

- bob, you're not going to get a dime of that money back. - you wait and see. - we had a strategy. i had to beat gramm to eliminate him to get into the finals with dole. found out there were caucuses being held in alaska. up so i took two trips to alaska. and i won the alaska caucuses by 100 votes. and sure eanugh, we won the louicaucuses, got a hugeoost. and phil gramm collapsed then in iowa. so i came up to iowa, and in-- in--in about a week later, i came into dole.econd, 23 to his i can't do iout you. i need your help. - as all those things happened, alaska, uisiana, iowa, you could feel it starting to come together. you could feel the momentum building. pat is going all the way to the white house. - you could feel that pat buchanan could be the republican nominee without a question, and then new hampshire happened. and you really felt we were on our way to the nomination.

- the results from the first major contest of this presidential campaign in n new hampshire voters gave their support to patrick buchanan, who received 27% of the vote. cond and third places went to bob dole with 26% and lamar all: ♪ g ♪ my home swee i'm the only journalist that ever won the new hampshire primary. they're going to come after this campaign with everything they've got. do not wait for orders from adquarters. mount up, everybody, and ride to the sound of the guns. - buchanan demonstrates to the gop thhere's this important constituency to the right and that if they shift over to the right that there are new states to be picked up, that there are new districts to be picked up, and that there are new issue areas that can be mobilid. - i love pat buchanan, at and i live and b pat buchanan. he's part of my veins, part of my blood. - you know, christmas is out in california.

un day is in. easter is out, but earth day is in, when we can all worship dirt. [laughter] - he tands for all the rightthings, e bad things. can you get any right- than that? - buchanan's orthodoxy was attractive to the base in the republican party, butas frightening to the general population in the united states. - as i've suggested, we ought to use the national guard if necessary while building this serity fence, and in the last analysis, we ought to use the armed forces to defend our borders, as we have defended the borders of so many her countries. - he feels it's time to take a stand on illegal immigration, to taka stand on these terrible trade deals, to take a stand on these unnecessary wars overseas, take a stand on the kind of government we have, the size of the government. these are things that the republicans were not addressing at the time. we sent $12 billion abroadidn direct foreign, $50 billion to mexico,

rld bank loans to communist china. if we can't balance our own budget, what are we doing sending american dollars abroad to balance the budgets of foreign countries? we went all through arizona, but in a three-way race, forbes won, dole came in second, i came third. trouble was, i couldn't get forbes out of the race. he had too much money. he'd stay in. he ran fourth in iowa, fourth in new hampshire. - i have no intention of quitting ts race. i'm in for the duration. - we went to south carolina where the establishment as usual came down with both feet on us. - what exactly can they do to cause a guy like dol to get across? - they control the party machine. they call everyone. they get everybody signed up on board, ork. and you've gotta come in there as a virtual stranger and try to winvet, and it's a , very difficult thing to do. and we didn't it in south carolina. we got beat twice. [dramatic music] ♪

- even thougbuchanan had lost, he'd won in many ways. he'd represented, you know, a sort of new vision and vement inside the republican party. - pat buchanan was trying to re-make the republican party at least as much as he was trying to actually win the presidency. he wanted the republican party to really follow him in turning against immigration, against trade, and against foreign intervention. and he was able to win a lot of support by takinthose stands by saying he was going to represent the common man e. against the elit - how do you feel about having lost? - i think i've lost the country i grew up in. and there's nothing i think that's-- that's worse than that. and i think what you see out there in america on the part of an awful lot of people is a tremendous love and a nostalgia for thica they grew up in and the towns and cities they grew up in. that's wey're doing up in washington.

they're abandoning the people in middle america. - i think the america that he talks about is largely a white america. and i think ends a very bad image. we are not any longer a country that, you know, is entirely white, anglo-saxon, and protestant. - we ran an outstanding campaign, and we inspired millions and to become involved in the system and speak out. u know, i remember something george mcgovern said. it was a'7er he got beat in and he said, "what you really fear "is not being beaten or defeated. "you fear being humiliated. "you don't wanna be humiliated. "you don't wanna have ayur dignity taken rom ya. "there's nothing wrong witht getting in fistf "and getting beat as long you conduct yourself well and walk awa'swell," and i think thight. announcer: "16 for '16: the contenders" available on dvd. to order, visit shoppbs.org or call 1-800-play-pbs.

this program is also available for downlo on itunes. female ar ouncer: "16 6: the contenders" is made possible in part by the ford foundation, na working with the visioes on the front lines of social change worldwide; the lliam and flora hewlett, helping people build measurably better lives; the corporation for public broadcasting; and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪ be more pbs

steves: i'm meeting my florentine friend tommaso at i fratellini, a venerable hole in the wall much loved among locals for its ssty sandwiches and wid by the glass. -grazie. -tommaso: thank you. and when you're done, you leave it on the rack. steves: boy, it's intense in the city. tommaso: yes, it is. well, if you want to leave the tourists, let's cross the river, and let's go to where the real florentines live and wor -steves: what's that? -tommaso: the oltrarno area.

steves: there's much more to this town than tourism, as you'll quictiy find in the characterback lanes of the oltrarno district. artisans busy at work offer a rare opportuty to see traditional craftsmanship in action. artyou're welcomework to just drop in to little shops, but, remember, it's polite to greet the proprietor. ur key phrase is, "can i take a look?" -posso guardare? -man: rto. steves: grazie. here in this great city of art, there's no shortage of treasures in need of a little tlc. this is beautiful. how old is this panting? woman: this is a 17th-century painting. steves: from florence? woman: we don't know.-m be the area is genova. -steves: genova. each shop addresses a need with passion and expertise. be the afine instruments -stedeserve the finest care. grand palaces sparkle with gold leaf, thanks to the delicate and exacting skills s.of craftspeople like t

a satisfying way to wrap up an oltrarno experience is to enjoy a florentine steakhouse, which any italian meat lover knows means chianina beef. the quality is proudly on display.ks stre sold by weight and generally shared. the standard serving is about a kilo for two, meaning about a pound per pers. so, both of those for four people? woman: yes. steves: the preparationpl is sand well established. good luck if you want it well done. man: i am hungry, yeah. oh, look at this. ah! steves: oh, beautiful. [ laughs ] man: wow. steves: chianina beef. -woman: white beans. -steves: okay. perfect. man: and that one. steves: so, the meat is called chianina. tommaso: that's its name, because it comes from the chianti. steves: oh, from chianti. okay. and tell me out this concept of the good marriage of the food, you know? tommaso: well, when you have the chiana meat, you want to have some chianti wine,

and they go together well. they marry togetr. we say, "si sposano bene." steves: si sposano bene. a good marriage. in other words, the wine is from tuscany, -and the meat is from tuscany. -tommaso: exactly.do yot want to have a wine from somewhere else. that's it.

election 2016 on pbs - one. - what's wrong with my running for president of this country? - i almost resent vice president bush your patronizing attitude that you have to teach me about foreign policy. - ahh! that you have to teach me about foreign policy. - i'm doing this because i love you. - tomorrow night my name will go on nomination for the presidency. - i will beat al gore . [cheers and applause] y - i wantuntry back. [cheers and applause] - mr. president, you were elected to lead. you chose to follow. and now it's time for you to get out of the y. female announcer: "the contenders: 16 for '16" is made possible in part by the ford foundation,