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dation.eman fo by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutions america's neglected needs. and by contrib to this pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ths bbc world news with the latest headlines in the u.s., u.k. and around the world. boris johnson is joined by that you you and saying they are unlikely to stri a post brexit trade dealay by suith different interpretations of how a new relationship might work. it's a ratchet clause they've got to keep the u.k. lockedn to whatever they want to do in terms ofegislation. >> they would remain free, sovereign, if you wish, to decide what they want to do. we would simply adapt to the

conditions to access to our market accordingly. >> europe raiseststs targeo cut greenhouse gas emissions, sayingt wants a 55% reduction by the end of the decade. britain reduces the self-isolation time from 14 days to 10or anyone who has comect into conta with a positive case of covid-19 and people returning from higrisk countries. british and russian scientists areg planntrial of a combination of the oxford astrazenec andputnik the vaccines to see if they are more effective. hello and a welcome -- a warm welcome. bothoh borison and the

president of themm eu sion have spoken in gloomy terms on a brexitrade deal. they've yet to make a decision. the sticking point seems to be tor the u.k.'s reluctan cede to severance -- some of its sovereignty to the eu after it leaves come a point taken up today by both the u.k. prime minister h andd of this u.n. commission. >> it was a covid welcome, more immediate trade talks must ben mind. negotiators are working out which way they wil go as boris johnson warned reaching agreement withhe eu looks doubtful. >> it is looking very likely we will have to go for a solution that would be wonderful for that u.k. and g exactly what we want from january 1. itif would berent from what we set out to achieve but i have

no doubt this country can get ready. reporter: for those affected, what does that mean? this farm exports barley. if there's no deal, tariffs kick in. it could push costs up. >> i think it will be disastrous. we've got a perfect storm approaching of support payments being takeny a, brexit, possibly no deal, andof covid-1. alhese things have come all at once and that is a massive problem. reporter: there's already congestion at ports as global supply chains struggle with restrictions. ilbrexit mean more change, whatever the outcome of trade tants. the govern says it is prepared but no deal could mean more disruption. both sides say they want an agreement but that may well not

points remain -- access toicking fishing waters and shared regulations and standards. on that, number 10 says that u.k. has to be able toakits own decisions and not be tied to eu rules in the future. from brussels today, the message washat's perfectly possible, but there will be a price. >> thewould remain free, sovereign, if you wish, to decide what they want too. we would simply adapt the conditions for access to our market accordingly, the decision of the united kingdom. this would apply vice versa. reporter: neither side shifting yet, but the door is not entirely closed. >> we believe finding a solution in the talks is difficult but possible. that is why we will continue negotiations as long as the owindow isn, even if it's only a crack. >> i think the implications are very serious for no deal and i

think across europe needs to reflect that. reporter: until sunday, which is decision day, they are still talking. anchor: in brussels today, european union leaders agreedseo a more ambitious target for cutting greenhouse gases in the next 10 years. deal comes after more than 10 hours of grueling negotiations after the proposal m waset with resistance and some of the eu's 27 states. the aim is to cut emissions from their 1990 levels30 by 20. until t now, goal is 40%. by 2018, the eu had reduced it missions by 23.2% from the 1990 peak. the deal commits to a 70% reduction in coal use from 2015 levels after a last-minute poland.mt from pullman

the target puts europe on a path toward climate neutrality by 2050. >> we will reduce emissions by least 55% by 2030. today's agreement puts us on a clear path towrad climate nety in 2050. it gives certainty to investors, to businesses, to public authorities, and citizens. it future proofs are union. anchor: let's turn to combining different coronavirus vaccines provideeople with more protection from the virus? furnish and russian tcientists arming up to find out. they are planning to try a combination of the oxford astrazeneca and nie russian spk v vaccine. although it is not clear how may

people wl be involved. our correspondent has more on that. >> this is an intriguing bit of news even the language we have heard previously, specifically from the russian backers of the sputnik v vaccine. it has not exactly been a warm relationship of words, so this is an interestingorotential collion. what we heard from astrazeneca came in the form of a press will start recruiting volunteers in trials to see whether using the oxford astrazeneca vaccine with a second jab of the sputnik vaccine could boost immunity and create better protection against coronavirus and essentially resolve problems with accessibility to vaccines around the world generally. if you can mix andvaatch differenines, that it -- that potentially helps with production flows and problems,

supplying vaccines to different parts of t world. it's an interesting potential collaboration. the details are pretty scarce. the company backing the russian vaccine ggests the trials could start as soon as the end of this year but astrazeneca itself has not gone that far. they have just said the trials would take place in russia and have given no more details. anchor: let's speak to alo vist with lancaster university joining us in the u.k.ight now. explain inayman's terms what kind of difference combining two vaccines together would make. guest: both of the vaccine, sputnik v and astrazeneca are aced on the same technology, they are loadedit a protein and that is how the immune antibodies to certain responses.

one major difference betwee both approaches is the sputn v -- they use two different factors. the advantage is one antivirus gives immunity against the vector itself, it cand be avoi using a different vector in a second dose. one reason the ficacy of sputnik v has been at 92% is they are two different factors. by mixing both, you can avoid immunity against the vector and train the system to work more on covid-19 instead of the vector itself. anchor: when we talk about these two vaccines, they work on the same coronavirus pro can't -- on the coronavirus protein, but

when it comes the efficacy rates, does it matter? guest: in the astrazeneca oxford vaccine, since it is being used for tw doses around 21 a to 28 dart and the second dose is neutralized by the existing m unity established by the first dose, by using two different approach, that can tackle this what we are looking at is to have the maximum impact against the infection b also avoiding spreading of the infection becawhe that i we have to achieve to curtail this pandemic. using two different approaches will increase efficacy. anchor: having two different doses, is there a concern the body could become more immune when it comes to the second dose? guest: absolutely.

that's one the reasons the efficacy of the astrazeneca lxford vaccine has been very high with one smose and a second full dose, because theli immunity ested against the first dose would not be allowing the second dose to be fully expressed and combining both of these approaches would bring in some advantage that could turn out to be much better than having just the vaccine from astrazena or sputnik v. anor: we do have much more on a detailed article on our website. do stay with us here because still to come, splits over the issue of sovereignty. is it a case of being controlled or jusharing the same rules? we have a look at howhe issue has shaped the brexit story. ♪

>> john lennon was shot at the entrance to the dakota building in the center of new york. has been a crowd here standing in silent vigil. e flowers have been piling up. ♪ >> the 14th cease-fire of this war ended at though walls of the old city of dubrovnik. shells were landing every 20 seconds. passing of a man they holdthe responsible for hundreds of deaths andppression. elsewhere, peopl have been gathering to mourn his passing. >> of elda marcos, the widow of the former president of the philippines comhas gone on trial in manila. she faces seven charges of tax evasion estimated at 120 million pounds. she has pleaded not guilty. >> t prince and princess of wales are two separate. the statement from buckingham palace says the decision was reached amicably

anchor: welcome back. you're watching bbc news. main headlines -- leaders from the u.k. and european union have ruled the two sides are unlikely to reach a post brexit trade deal by sunday with big differences remaining in their respective positions. the eu has had a bold new climate goal, reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 55% on 1990 levels by the end of the decade. let's stay with our mainto -- the u.k. prime minter and the head of the european commission have spokenn gloomy terms about the likelihood of a post-brexitl.rade d the sticking point seems to be over the uk's relaxed -- reluctce to seed 7 -- to seed some of it sovereignty to the eu after it leads. prime mr. johnson: there are two key things where can't seem to make progress, it's ts ratchet

clause they got to keep the u.k. locked in to whatever in terms of legislation and that obviously doesn't work. then ther's the whole issue of fish. we have to take control of our inters. >> they would re free, sovereign, if you wish, to we would simply adapt conditions for access to our markets, accordingly, the decision of the united kingd apply vice versa. anchor: let'scu d this issue of sovereignty with a senior research fellow in the u.k. with the u.k. interchanging europe group. help us with this idea of sovereignty. we heard her almost raise an eyebrow when she said that word sovereign if you wish. what is this concept we keep hearing abo in terms of this whole brexit debate? guest: if you go back to the

referendum, one of the big things for the peoplwho wanted brexit in the referendum, people like boris johnson, was to take back control of r laws. by that, they mean rather than have 45 yes in which laws have been made in europe in certain eas, the u.k. had to ride by them. ministers here would mak the fws and be held accountab them and they would be overseen by u.k. courts. that has been a big theme throughout the campaign. this sovereignty issueon iof the big themes of exit supporters. 's not about better economic performance, it is about being in control, and that's what they are worried about -- the eu wants to maintain a degree of anchor: just the very nature of entering into any trade agreement, can you keep any form

of sovereignty? essentially you are givingp some of yo sovereignty, some of your rights in ordero have that reciprocated by whoever you are entering into agreement. guest: you could say you are making a sovereign decision to give away that of yr sovereignty in return for what you perceive to be significant and i' it. that'the choice you are making. she is saying in the future, you have every right to diverge from us, but ifit -ill come at a price. does boris johnson want to pay the price now, saying i'm not prepared to sign onto that condition, i wilri take the s now, or does he want to go for a deal with some agreement? hopefully a reciprocal agreement and that's why i thought the vice verso was interesting.

if either side is massively out of line with the other, the other side can take appropriate measures. anchor: stepping away from brexit for a moment -- if you think of oth alliances like nato, the u.n., whatever, is there an element of giving up sovereignty in those? aside from brexit, just for a moment. guest:eo moste would say in a globalized world, you ares giving away b sovereignty all the time. the judgment you are making is die want to gn up to this agreement? -- do i wanthi to sign up to agreement? at that cte change conference, he will want nations around the world to be giving all types of commitments that they posbly can that they will deliver next year. that matters hugely because if they say they will do it and

don't, then you are going to deal with dangerous climate change. making this commitments and different forms of sovereignty are ways of making the world right. you can be free of commitments to anyone else that is isolationist. even in the trade agreement, ris johnson is already agreeing to some sort of to say i'm not going to charge tariffs on eu goods. we talked about joining the wto and abiding by wto rules, you could agree that's a loss of sovereignty. but for a lot of exit supporters, you have to term member this comes from a history of being entwined in what they would see is a big, overreaching organization. the european union, that they

think like to dicta even when the u.k. has voted to leave. anchor: iit too simplistic to say every type of agreement one goes into, a country, nation, guest: just a slightly wishy-washy commitment -- you often find with a wishy-washy commitment, you get wishy-washy benefits. that's the choice you make and if you want what they say is good access to the single market, i think it is debatable. certainly british firms are facing a huge, massive bureaucracy good terms i tnk don't think it's anywhere as good to act -- as access to the single market. but you have to abide by our rules and at's a package.

then we have the right to say sorry, we will let you guys in. anchor: thank you for taking the time to talk us through that. we appreciate your clarity. here in the u.k., the time of self-isolation for people who have been into contact with those who he tested positive for coronavirus is to go from 14 days to 10 days. the change will also apply to travelers quarantining after returning from abroad. th news came as data shows the number of coronavirus cases falling across most places but increasing in wales, london and the east of england. reporter: contact tracing in action here -- local authority

staff going doo to door to find people who have been recent contacts of those who tested positive, following up aft national test and trace service. >> the numbers they have given, we have to make tt final call to the house. reporter: for those contacted by the tracers, the is better news. they won't have to isolate so long after aerial view by officials from scientific studies. >> the tail end of infectiousness is when an individual is least likely to transmit infection, so allowing someone out of isolation is a reasonable balce between managing the epidemic but not ir intrude on tives. reporter: the self-isolation will come fr 14 days to 10 days. it already happens in wales. it wil apply to those who have

tested positive and people coming into the u.k. the need to quarantine. if someone has already started a 14 daysotion, it will be 10. if the numbers above one, it shows the viruses asked celebrating --vi it shows e s is accelerating. though there are variations around the the latest suruny of coy infections by the office of national statistics suggest that in england, one and 115 people had the virus last week with case rates coming down in most areas that were on the increase in london and td. east of engl in wales, it was one and 120 withas inc in recent weeks. in scotland, it waslso one and 120 with case rates stable. in ireland, one in 235 at the virus with continued declines in case rates covid marshals are patrolling

some city streets including birmingham, reminding people social distancing rules are as important as ever and the virus is still a threat. anchor:isney is the latest major studio to divert its focus from c it has just announced plans for several new televion series based on the star wars universe. diey pds, which was launc just over a year ago, now has nearly 8ubmillionribers, a figure far exceeding its own productions and customer growth. tsays the move is differe its competitors. reporter: was take entire 2020 one slate and say we are going to simultaneously put it on her streaming service, hbo max, when that's available. that is not what disney is doing. disney is reinforcing what it has said for the last year and a ha in that the future belongs

with the streaming service, disney plus, and they are using large and well-known bac catalog to expand into that. but disney haveineen great at is making acquisitions andg then exploite back catalog. so star wars, something that has 100% saturation with the audience. let's do a load of tv series that come out the back channel, same with pixar. let's do something based on the astronaut the doll was raced on as a new animated series. even things like there's an old tom hanks film called turneand hooch -- let's do a series based onhat. not stuff that was intended for cinema, but they are moving on and there have been readjustments to that because of covid and the live-action milan movie did that with -- when it

was intend to go to cinemas but went to disney plus. but things like like widow, the new film in the mvel cinema universe will be going to the cinema. patty jenkins, the woman behwod er woman directs a new star wars film that will going into cinemas in 2022 or 2023. so it'seaotusting in that kind of direction but what disney have always been great at is taking that incredible back catalog of familiar material and thinking how can we expand thi m and make morey out of this? they have a brand-new streaming channel outperforming exctations and they are filling it with as much material from that as they possibly can. anchor: just time to say a song least 26 years ago, a christmas beloved favorite, has finally reached number 1 -- mariah s"rey's "all i want for christ with capped off the

top spot in 1994 but n it has knocked ariana grande off the top spot. we are not going to pl because you know it. as alwayshanks for watching. i will be back very shortly. narrator: funding for this presentation of this program is provideby... uage specialists teaching spanish, french and more. raymond james. the freeman foundation. by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs. and by contributions to this pbs station from viewyos like you. than

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♪ is provided by... ngveloped by over 100 ge specialists babbel teaches real life conversations in spanish, french, ssian and more. babbel's 10 to 15 minute lessons are available as an app, or online at babbel.com. bee keeper. mentor. a raymond james financial advisor tailors vice to help you live your life. life well planned.