♪ ♪ narrator: funding for this presentation of this program is provided by... woman: the rules of business a being reinvented with a more flexible wkforce. by embracing innovation, by looking not only at current opportunities, but ahead to future ones. man: people who know, know bdo. narrator: funding was also provided by, the freeman foundation. by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs. and by contributions to this pbs station from

viewers like you. thank you. announcer: and now, "bbc world news". >> welcome. this is outside source. nato says there is no evidence that russia is pulling troops back from the border with ukraine and is still ready to attack. >> moscow has made it clear that it is prepared to contest the fundamental principles that have underpinned our security for decades. and to do so while using force. >> nato defense ministers are considering moreefensive forces in europe to act as a deterrent. on this, the day the u.s. and warned of a russian invasion, ukrainians mark community day with a show patriotism.

and at least 54 people are killed in landslides and flooding in brazil after a month's worth of rain fell in a few hours. also, a rare find in the depths of the ocean, a bb ghost shark. -- baby ghost shark. we will talk to the scientist who made the discovery. ♪ western leaders say there is no evidence that rsia was withdrawing troops from ukraine's border and the threat of invasion remains high. in the past hour, we have heard from the estonian intelligence service that says that russia is continuing to move troops and is likely to launch a limited atta. on tuesday, the kremlin said soldiers were returning to their bases, but they nato defense alliance does not believe it.

here is nato's secretary-general. >> we do not know what will happen in ukraine, but the situation has already demonstrated that we face a crisis in european security. moscow has made it clear that it is prepared to contest of the fundamental principles that have underpinned our security for decades. and to do so by using force. i regret to say that this is the new normal in europe. >> he is not alone. this was the u.s. secretary of state. >> we continue to see not only the forces, but we continue to see critical units moving toward the border, not away from it. we need to see the opposite, we need to see forces moving away. we heard with the kremn said abouthis. as the president said yesterday, we would welcome that but we have not seen it. we are prepared either way.

we are prepared to engage with diplomy with russia and we are prepared for a russian aggression. >> that was the u.s. saying russian tanks are moving towards ukraine's bder. in the context of this, these images released by the russian defense ministry, said to show military equipment withdrawing from crimea, which was seized by russia in 2014. ukraine's defense ministry and two ukrainian banks have been hit by a cyberattack. this was the warning from the white house press secretary. >> as i said yesterday, we have been warning for months, publicly and privately with ukrainians and europeans at the potential for pressure to conduct cyber operations in ukraine is part of their playbook. so we are concerned, and we do not have anything new in terms of specifics. >> russia remains adamant it is not losing any threat to ukraine. here is the russian deputy ambassador to thunited

nations. >> president zelensky mentioned that that was similar placement of troops a year ago and it there was no hysteria about it. this is our territory and our troops. when you say placement of troops at the border, it does not mean they are standing at the border. they are in their bases. sometimes the number of troops increases or decreases, this is normal for every country, not just russia. why the hysteria? this is artificial hype. and the problem should de-escalate. >> despite this, the push for a diplomatic solution to the crisis continues. president joe biden and in the german chancellor have been speaking on the phone in the past hour, and nato defense ministers have been meeting in brussels. this is the traditional family photo we often see at these types of gatherings.

the latvian defense minister was there. >> putin is using, and in general russian diplomat's, are using language about provocation and other things very masterfully. they are using this in order to simply make the west do nothing for their own protection because there will always be voices in the western countries saying, we do not need to do anything because that could provoke russia. >> at the center is ukraine's desire to join the nato defensive alliance. and russia's opposition to that. this map of native's expansion shows why -- nato's expansion shows why russia is concerned. if ukraine was to join, it would increase the number of countries in the alliance on russia's borders. but for many member states, russia's -- to bar ukraine is

nonnegotiable. >> we have to stop the aggression. that is what we are trying to do in the next few weeks. it's impossible to make any compromise on the issue of future membership with somebody outside of that fact -- the pa ct. >> today was the day that the u.s. warned we may see a russian invasion, but no sign of it yet. this was the image from kiev earlier, ukrainians marking a day of unity. the president had asked ukinians to fly the national flag and assaying the national anthem together. also, the ukrainian army has been holding drills. troops firing antitank launchers, delivered by great britain. the ukrainian president has been on a whirlwind tour of the country, appearing calm and a speaking to the bbc -- and speaking to the bbc. >> to be honest, we react to the reality we have and we do not see any withdrawal.

we only heard about it. i late normal people expect the escalation. as for the threat, i have said many times that we are calm about any threats because we remember this not start yesterday, this has been happening for years. we see it, that is it. when the troops withdraw, everyone will see that, not only the military or reconnaissance, we will all see it. for now it is only statements. anchor: let's get analysis from the ukrainian capital with our diplomatic correspondent. correspondent: we have started to fixate on wednesday because the americans, at one point, were briefing that in attack could happen as early as today. in the last couple days, western officials have said do not get fixated on particular days. the point they are making is around now the russians have been capable of launching an attack.

they have all the assets they need, everything is ready to go, and all that is missing is the order from vladimir putin. that remains the same today, it will remain the same tomorrow and next week, unless we see some really significant departure of russian troops from around ukraine's border. as for unity day, it was a low-key affair. there was a big flag paraded in the olympic stadium, another at my dawn square -- maidan square. and the buildings eliminated in the colors of the ukrainian flag. but it was not a public holiday and people went about tir business. there were flags on the streets, the national anthem was sung at 10:00 a.m., but for the most part people carried on what they have been doing, living their lives. anchor: as they continue living their lives, when it comes to nato they say they see no evidence of de-escalation from

the russian side. paul: that is right. i think that we have to recognize what is going on. this is theater. the russians have been pumping out pictur showing the buildup, now showing the apparent withdrawal of a forces. this is all messaging. they wanted the west to believe that there was a real threat building up, even though they continue to say that they have no intention of attacking ukraine. now they want to present a slightly different image, which at are reducing forces and sayi, as they said some time ago, that these exercises would end and troops would go home afterwards. but it is theater. and the ukrainians have put out pictures as well, showing their air force with the ukrainian flag very visible in the front of the cockpit. everyone is doing it and it is to send messages all the time. anchor: the head of nato sent a

message as well, a potential new battle groupings within eastern europe. talk us through the likelihood of that. paul: this is happening. what jens is staying, -- saying, and he said at the other day, is if russia continues this aggression, as nato sees it, you will not get less nato in your neighborhood, you will get more nato on the eastern flank. this is again about sending a message to moscow. it is also a message of reassurance to those members of the eastern flank, particularly of the baltics, and also now more recently in that southeastern countries like bulgaria and romania, that nato is prepared to support them, to deter russian aggression, to be there in case of a conflict in

ukraine which could have spillover effects in terms of civilians fleeing, economic impacts, and possibly even some kind of military dimension to a crisis. so nato is saying, we are prepared and we are there to help you. and saying to russia, do not think that nato is weak, we will be stronger in the face of this. ♪ anchor: we are going to turn to brazil, because at least a six people have died in severe flooding and landslides in rio de janeiro state. pictures show the devastation in this city after a months worth of rainfall fell in a single day. cars, even buses, were mingled in the rain. -- mangled in the rain. >> the water was two meters high. there was a lot of water. nobody has ever seen anything

like this. i do not know what to say, we lost everythin -- a total loss. anchor: this city is in the mountains of rio de janeiro, a popular tourist town. streets turned into rivers as the city was inundated with rain on tuesday, cars swept away and hillside neighborhoods completely destroyed. the mayor declared a local state of emergency. that was on tuesday. this is the image today as rescue teams comb through the destroyed hes, looking for survivors. over 180 soldiers have been deployed to help. our south american correspondent gave us the latest official figures. correspondent: the latest figures are 66 people have died. that number is expected to rise. a press conference is about to start, and we still do not know how many people are missing. in terms of numbers of rescue, 21 people have been rescued,

more than 370 have been made homeless by the mudslides. 400 firefighters are on the ground, and more than 200 mudslides in the city, so very much an ongoing rescue operation. there have been diggers, trucks with water that have been drafted in, not just from here but from neighboring states to help wh the rescue. anchor: tell us about the area. we have seen the devastation, how geared up was the area for something like this? katy: it is a tourist area about one hour and a half from rio de janeiro city, where people go for the weekend. it used to be the summer residence for the emperor of brazil. it is mountainous. landslides have happened in the past. more than 900 people were killed in mudslides in 2011. as he said, it is a touristy area, well-known and beautiful.

so this is a tourist industry here that is now in shock. it's a devastating situation for such a prominent city in brazil. and it is very much an ongoing situation in terms of trying to rescue people, rescue people from the mud. yo have seen the pictures, this huge day luge that came down on tuesday afternoon and into the evening, mslides wiping out everything in its path. and relay now it is about picking up the pieces and tryg to find people and rese them. anchor: katy watson reporting with an update on the figures of those people who have died. stay with us on outside source. still to come, another setback for the royal family and britain as u.k. police investigate one of prince charles's charities over allegations of cash for --.

♪ the u.s. writer pgo work has died at the age of 74. he spent years writing about politics and the world in general, writing books like "republican party reptile" and "give war a chance." correspondent: he was one of the most prolific and widely quoted american writers, often defined as a political satirist. but's work went well beyd the political. he wrote more than 20 books on subjects as diverse as politics, economics, etiquette, cars and so on. he was a hippie in the 1960's and sta working for underground newspapers and magazines before making his way to "national lampoon," wh in the 19ich- which was a very

influential in my magazine in the 1970's. then he went on to write for the atlantic and rolling stone. ♪ anchor: looking back, you are watching outside source. defense ministers are considering deploying new forces to central and south eastern europe in the face of russia's ongoing threat to ukraine. now, big stories concerning the british royal family dominating the headlines. first, u.k. police say they are investigating allegations of cash for honors linked to the prince of wales's charity and foundation. aides say that president -- say that printed child had no knowledge of the affair. the investigation related to

allegations that some received citizenship in exchange for cash. and there ar questions about whether prince andrew will ever return to public life. this a day after he reached an out-of-court settlement with a man who accusedim of sexual assault in a civil case. nicholas has the latest. >> i am here. correspondent: turbulent mts for members of her family, one person was calm and carrying on, thoh. >> how are you? >> well as you can see, i can move. >> congratulations on the start of your jubilee. correspondent: the clean at windsor castle meeting officials this morning. still some mobility issues, but her appearance to spells the rumors and that she caught covid. and the underlying message, it is business as usual, despite

the problems fed by two of her sons. first, prince charles. there will be a formal investigation into his charity the prince's foundation over allegations of the honors and citizenship were promised to a saudi billionaire in return for cash donations to the charity. in a statement, the metropolitan police said officers in the foundation are looking into fundraising practices. the foundation provided a number of relevant documents the assessment determined an investigation will commence. no arrests or interviews yet under caution. correspondent: the man expected to be at the center of the investigation is michael force it, chief executive of the prince's foundation until his recent resignation. he has worked for charles for decades and used to be the prince's valet. clearance house has said that

the prince of wales had no knowledge of the allegations. and then prince andrew, and continuing questions about his out-of-court settlement with virginia giuffre, estimated to be costing him anything up to 12 million pounds. it's not thought that andrew has that kind of spare cash, so will the queen have to help him? if andrew goes to the clean for help, more than likely of money will come from the -- of lancaster. last year, it brought her about 22 million pounds and it is really rental income from a portfolio of land. correspondent: it seems inconceivable that public mone from the sovereign grant would be used, but already there are calls for greater openness from the palace. >> andrew will have to confirm that the public has not paid this because that threatens to have wider implications for the royal family, they cannot be seen to leave finding his

miscreanbehavior. correspondent: for the royal family, the threat of a damaging court case involving prince andrew has been avoided, but a number of questions remain. anchor: i caught up with nicholas, who gave us an update on the prince charles charity investigation. he was outside buckingham palace. correspondent: there is to be a metropolitan police investigation now into the cash for honors business, centering on the prince's foundation, one of his principal charities, and focus on its former chief executive. michael is a man that prince charles has known for decades, he used to be his valet. and he was a key figure in charles's efforts to raise millions of pounds, which he does every year, for good causes. and it was michael who was dealing with foreign billionaires keen to make contributions and it will not be for the police to investigate whether the fine line was crossed. it's a murky area, this

business, but at is what both of the prince's foundation is cooperating with and what the police will be looking at. anchor: prince andrew is still in the headlines. we talked about the out-of-court meant -- out of court settlement yesterday, now there are concerns about how he will afford to pay for the settlement. nicholas: concerns and curiosity, and a degree of perplexed meant -- perplexed meant. because it is not thought he has the type of spare cash that will be necessary to settle -- to pay for this settlement. nobody knows the scope of it, but i believe it is many millions of pounds. there is speculation it could be 10 or 12 million pounds. but i think it is considered unlily that he has the sort of cash for that, so the question then, will he have to look to other members of his family, particularly to his mother, to help him.

i think there can be no question of public funds from the sovereign grant being used, but the clean does -- queen does have her own private funds and it may be that she will have to help him. ♪ anchor: scientists in new zealand have discovered a rare baby ghost shark, a little known species of fish. this is what it looks like. they are rarely spotted and sightings of the young are even more uncommon. they live in the depths ofhe ocean, but dr. for new g -- fun icci found when and is joining us from wellington. what is a baby ghost shark? >> ghost sharks are relative of your typical great white shark

. and they are understudy relatives. there are about 50 odd species around the world, so we are discovering new species all the time. and we know very little about them. anchor: they are an actual type of shark. it's fascinating. explain how you found it and why is it's a rare to find something like this? >> this individual was found during a trial survey. it goes out every two years and we are looking mostly at commcial species to estimated the abundance. which is important to ensure that our stocks are sustainably managed. but we do also collect information on other species out there. now with ghost sharks, they are very cryptic in nature, and it

is uncommon to come across a lot of this species. what we know about most ghost sharks comes from our adult animals, which can be a meter long, so finding one that fits in the palm of your hand is very neat. anchor: it is very small. it looks translucent. how did you find it? if i saw something like that, i would overlook it almost. >> yeah, i look for these kinds of things. i work on these cryptic spees, so as we were sorting through the fish i saw it and i thought, that his mind, i will take a look at it. and i get quite excited about it. i'm not sure about most people, but it is fantastic to see how much attention it has gotten. anchor: we are super excited for you as well because it is fascinating. it looks unreal, almost like a cartoon when we have a close look at it.

in terms of understanding this particular species better, given how young this is, talk us through the importance for you as a scientist. >> in the first step we have to figure out what species we are looking atecause most of our information on ghost sharks comes from adult individuals, and we do not know what a lot of juvenile ghost sharks look like. sometimes for the better study to species we know that juveniles can live in different areas than the all adults, eat different things from the adults, and look very different as well. so that is the very first thing i am hoping to do. i will get in the lab, take additional measurements of the little guy's body, then do genetic tests. and that should help us determine what species we are looking at. anchor: thank you so much for sharing your find.

absolutely brilliant to speak with you and your enthusiasm is contagious. i'm off to find out narrator: funding for this presentation of this program is provided by... man: bdo. accountants and advisors. narrator: funding was also provided by, the freeman foundation. by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuingolutions for america's neglected needs. and by contributions to this pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪ ♪ narrator: you're watching pbs. ♪ da-da-da-duh-da-da-da♪ ♪ da-da-da-da-da-da ♪♪

♪ ♪ narrator: funding for this presentation of this program is provided by... woman: the rules of business are being reinvented with a more flexible workfor. by embracing innovation, by looking not only at current opportunities, but ahead to future ones. man: people who know, know bdo. narrator: funding was also provided by, the freeman foundation. by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for amera's neglected needs. and by contributions to this pbs station from

viewers like you. thank you.