anniversary of the war in tigray, if you'll be as government declares a state of emergency -- ethiopia's government declares a state of emergency. hello, you are watching al jazeera. also coming up, major commitments at cop-26, world leaders plan to/methane emissions and reduce for server station -- reduce deforestation. palestinian families, fighting forced eviction, reject a

kompromat from israel's supreme court. welcome to the program. on the eve of the first anniversary of the start of the war in tigray, the ethiopian government declared a state of emergency. the prime minister has called on all ethiopians to take up arms against the tigrayan fighters. they claim to have captured towns leading up to the capital, addis ababa. they are demanding the central government end the siege into the blockade of the northern region. we have reports. reporter: a new frontier in ethiopia's war. rebels in tigray say they are advancing further south towards addis ababa. they have declared a national

state of emergency. >> the state has the right to detain and arrest anyone suspected of working with or assisting the terrorist group. the emergency order dictates without permission granted from a designated authority, there is to be no gathering for public protest allowed. -- or public protest allowed. reporter: the prime minister asked all ethiopians to mobilize and fight back against the rebels. >> there are many challenges, but i can tell you with certainty, without a doubt, we will have come prensa victory. reporter: the rebels from the northern states have seized towns in the neighboring amhara state, the two are an image of highway -- the two are on a major highway leading to the capital. the group disputed the claims. >> we have to make sure children are not dying from hunger and starvation. that they have access to food. we will do what it takes to

mature the city is working -- make sure the city is working. reporter: the united states has warned the people's front against any such move. >> let me be clear, we oppose any attempt to besiege addis. reporter: there are concerns violence could escalate with tigray rebels joining forces with the liberation army, an armed group in the region surrounding the capital, addis. >> there's a new marriage of convenience, between at least a fraction of the liberation front and the tplf. they have managed to alienate -- increasing the isolated and the

tplf is try to take advantage of the situation. reporter: it is families like these who are paying the highest price for the shifting battle lines of ethiopia's war that has dragged on for nearly a year. more than 2.5 million people have been forced to leave their homes. around 400,000 are on the brink of famine. priyanka group to, al jazeera -- gupta, al jazeera. >> the united nations has urged an immediate end to the violence, in order to assist with humanitarian eight. -- aid. >> we have spoken repeatedly with the prime minister, to see what can be done to bring the violence to a halt. and also of course to allow for the full skill return of humanitarian assistance -- scale return of humanitarian assistance for the places that need it.

♪ >> u.s. president joe biden calls it a game changing commitment -- a pledge by more than 80 countries to/methane emissions by 30% before the end of the decade -- slasd -- slash methane emissions by 30% before the end of the decade. it is the second of two major commitments, the other being 100 companies agreeing to reverse deforestation by the end of the decade. our diplomatic editor reports now from glasgow. reporter: this is one of the main causes of the climate crisis -- humans have for centuries raised the world's forests, which naturally protect the planet, by absorbing carbon dioxide. it is an agreement at cop26 that this could be a breakthrough, more than 100 nations have pledged to reverse deforestation by 2030. >> forests have the potential to

reduce -- reduce carbon globally by more than one third. by more than one third. so we need to approach this issue with the same seriousness and purpose as decarbonizing our economies. >> another leader, the president of brazil, a country with half the planet's tropical forests, also supported the initiative in a video statement, even though activists say the destruction has a sword during his term. in addition to the announcement of forests and other important development, a new initiative to counter methane levels signed by 100 countries by the year 2030. methane stays in the atmosphere as long as carbon dioxide but is 80 times more potent as a warming gas. there are still worries about like a been vision by those gathered here -- a lack of

ambition by those gathered here. >> you might as well bomb our islands instead of making us suffer only to witness our slow and fateful demise. leaders of the g20, we are drowning in our only hope -- and our only hope is a life ring you are holding. reporter: that theme of the western nations not doing enough was again reflected when representatives from more than 20 african countries called for more support for the continent. the u.n. secretary general has warned the divisions between the developed and developing world could completely derail this vital summit. al jazeera, glasgow. >> let's hope that reversing deforestation could play a significant role in combating climate change, if nations follow through on the promises. trees are the best form of carbon capture that we have. they absorb carbon dioxide and turn it into oxygen through the rosses and 40 census -- the

process of photosynthesis. a quarter of the worlds population relies on forests to make an income. every minute, enough forests to cover nearly 20 hectares are cut down or burned. these pictures show parts of the amazon rain forest in brazil, one of the countries that has pledged to end deforestation by 2030, most of this is driven by the production of products like palm oil and paper products. the fishbone is a pattern that emerges along roads, as loggers, ranchers, and other settlers pushed deeper into the forest. the settlor imagery is from the northern paris stayed in brazil, taken over 20 years. that fishbone pattern has emerged from the towns along the trans-amazonian highway. our environment editor spoke to a chief, calling for assurances

that the funding will region the jenness people. -- reach indigenous people. >> it can definitely help us. but what is the process? what is the system that is going to be used to make sure that this money comes down to the indigenous peoples directly? which can help us in making sure that our territory is properly managed. of course, we will need the finances to make this happen. since 1992, 10 now -- to now, the international community has stood making commitments, but at the same time, we started to dig ourselves a whole. today, we are deeper into the hole because of the systems that have been put in place, the system of how the money flows down. >> at least 10 people have been killed in an attack in burkina faso. and happened on monday in the north of the country near the border with not share.

a search is taking place. at least 19 people were killed in an attack in an attack and afghanistan's capital, kabul. dozens more were wounded into large explosions followed by gunfire near a military hospital. witnesses say isil fighters entered the hospital and clashed with security forces. we have reports from kabul. [police sirens] reporter: 1:00 in central kabul and tele been security forces run towards the side of an explosion. smoke leads them toward the military hospital across the road from the now abandoned u.s. embassy. one device was detonated at the hospital entrance. allowing attackers to move in. minutes later, a second explosion inside the compound. this man filmed from inside the hospital. repeating, god have mercy on us, as he watched the attack take place.

people sheltered where they can come as -- they can. many reached the back of the hospital compound. they washed walls meant to keep them safe inside, now the biggest obstacle to escape. above, helicopters circled, flown by pilots from the previous government that are now part of the taliban defense. the tele been sent special forces after the first explosion to the site and created a large corridor around where the attack has been taken place. the gunfire has continued throughout the afternoon. >> there were two explosions and six attackers. all of them were killed. the security forces of the taliban are in the area and the special units are here, were quick in their operations. the whole area is now under our control. reporter: the taliban know how to secure the military hospital, because they know it's

weaknesses. they attacked at themselves 10 years ago. iso fighters also targeted the hospital in 2017. they dressed as doctors to ebay security. more than 100 people were killed and injured. isil challenged the taliban's hold on security since it came to power in august. the group has carried out four major hundreds and injured hundreds of civilians. tens of thousands of people evacuated, and the military forces withdrew. >> the thing people need and want from the taliban is there group over the security. if they lose that grip, and insecurity increases, it will somehow weaken the taliban's power. reporter: the taliban has downplayed the threat of iso, but the group is getting harder to a north -- isil, but the

group is getting harder to ignore. targeting members in eastern provinces. still in kabul, taliban members respond, like the previous government would have just a few months ago. they set up a large gordon to protect the public. special forces and intelligence units gather evidence. the people here are hoping for more, a stop to attacks altogether. al jazeera, kabul. >> still ahead for you on the program, the livelihoods of millions are drying up around lake chad, as decades of drought and climate change recover. also -- reporter: fuel is scarce and the gangs are hijacking trucks in port-au-prince. ♪ >> hello.

let's start in australia. we've had warnings out for severe storms across southern parts of australia. that is thanks to a cold front pushing its way towards the southeast. it will knock a lot of the warmth out here. we are going to see temperatures come down in melbourne, for example. the temperature, touching into the high teens. it will recover by the time we get into friday. for sydney, it remains fine and dry. the what weather will arrive this weekend. it is financial roi across many central and northern areas. a lot of he coming for darwin -- a lot of heat coming for darwin. temperatures touching the high 30's. some sunshine pushing through the clouds, showers affecting western parts of australia. as we move across, to new zealand, settled in the south island, look at that in the north -- wet and windy weather is expected to last until sunday. we've got warnings out for heavy rain and possible severe gales, expected to last through the weekend.

for the very wet weather, we have to move to southeast asia, indonesia once again, seeing torrential downpours across the area, but it does dry up for most of indochina, the rain eases in vietnam. that is your weather update. ♪ >> pro-democracy activists, risking their lives fighting autocracy. >> i know that i might go to prison. so i will join. >> a new episode of "democracy may be -- maybe." >> we never and opening is going to become. -- is going to come. >> my life for democracy come on al jazeera. -- democracy, on al jazeera. ♪

>> welcome back. ethiopia's government has declared a nationwide state of emergency, as fighting against tigrayan rebels continues, they say they are in control of two towns on a major highway, leading to the capital. at least 19 people have been killed in an attack on afghanistan's capital, near a military hospital. isil has claimed response ability for the attack. and more than 100 nations have pledged to reverse deforestation within the next decade at the u.n. climate summit in glasgow. leaders also agreed to cut levels of methane emissions by 30%. let's stay with the cop26 summit. there's been a lot of focus on the effects of climate change.

particularly for people living around lake chad. it was once the sixth largest in the world. for centuries, the nearby communities have depended on the lake, a source of likelihood for approximately 30 million people. but climate change, prolonged drought, and the development of irrigation systems have seen the lake drastically reduce in size, shrinking 90% and 60 years, with 11 million people nearby in need of human italian assistance -- humanitarian assistance, in danger of losing their livelihoods. we have reports that the rising poverty is pushing young people to join armed groups. reporter: once a busy navigation channel for fishing vessels, this portion of lake chad is now crossing point for cattle. decades of poor water usage, droughts, and the impact of climate change continue to alter

the face of the lake and with it, the lives of millions who depend on it. this family is forced to migrate because of drought. not far from here, we met a fisherman pulling in his catch of the day. he says it is the most he has gotten in a week. a few mac arose, not enough to feed his family -- mackerels, not enough to feed his family. >> it is much more difficult now, i am even lucky to have caught this much. reporter: he says fisherman like him must learn other skills to survive the hard times. lake chad serves countries dealing with the 12 year insurgency that's killed thousands and displaced millions. experts say the conflict is fueled in part by the effects of climate change. lake chad is one of the world's biggest licks, but it's changed dramatically over 50 years.

what was wanted 25,000 colombo to body of water -- kilometer body of water now contains just 1000 square kilometers. 30 kilometers away from here, the new shores of the lake. >> the quality is not good quality. about 40 hectares is the only thing we've got this year. for 40 hectares, not enough. because we've got problems with the rain. reporter: he says he will be lucky to get that much of this year, a loss on his investment. a few decades ago, when he now calls a farm is deep inside the lake, chad. for generations, this always is supported millions of families,

livestock, and profitable trade among nations. governments in the region are struggling to address the fears and concerns of millions who are now watching helplessly as their means of livelihoods dry up. >> just as industrialized countries agreed to support developing countries, chad through its public treasury will also fund projects to mitigate the impact of climate change on its people. reporter: little comfort to those who lost so much. back at his farm, his workers continue to process this year's harvest. but at the back of their minds, they are conscious of the reality -- that they, like millions in the region, will not get to keep their jobs next year. al jazeera come on the shores of -- al jazeera, on the shores of lake chad. >> israel's supreme court proposes the families stay in

homes for 15 years, recognizing jewish settler organization as the owners of the land. we have reports from occupied east jerusalem. reporter: the families have been given one month to consider a compromise deal on their fate. on tuesday, they return their decision. >> we rejected the proposal by the israeli supreme court. which would've rendered as protected tenants at the mercy of settle organizations. we stand firm in a refusal to compromise on our rights. reporter: the homes were awarded to refugee families in the 1950's, but a jewish letter organization claims has ownership rights over the land -- settler organization claims it has ownership rights over the land. the supreme court wanted the families to accept protected tenancy status for up to three generations while they continue to make their own honor showcase -- own ownership case. the final decision is to fight

on in a case that's become emblematic of the palestinian struggle. >> we hope that everyone who supported us from the beginning will keep doing so so that we don't end up on the street. if the court rules that we will be evicted. reporter: the several weeks in april and may this year felt a still these small neighborhood was the epicenter of the palestinian israeli conflict. it was one of the triggers for the rocket fire that marked the start of this year's gaza war. legal experts say the fact the court was pushing this deal so hard is a signal that it is aware a final verdict is likely to go against the palestinian families. and such a final decision is one that would come with huge political sensitivity. the question now, if such a verdict comes down, will it be enforced by an is really government under significant u.s. pressure to leave the families in their homes? >> inevitably, there will be a coalition crisis, there will be a change in government, or there

will be a terrorist attack -- terror attack with double-digit casualties in which the blood lust of certain elements in is really society will soar, and they will be evicted. reporter: israel's legal and political establishment had been keen to turn the temperature down at least for a while, instead, it may be about to start heating up again. >> france appears to have backed off from sparking a full-blown trade war with the u.k. over fish. and person talks will be held this week with the french holding off on imposing a series of sanctions. but many in the industry are struggling with the uncertainty. reporter: midmorning, and the fishing boats return what they catch. but for many, it is smaller than usual. >> we have to put up with this.

we don't have any choice. we have not been able to make a living for the past 10 months. reporter: he was not given a license to fish in british waters, even though he says he has been working in them for years. his boat didn't have the required tracking equipment to prove it. the paperwork you provided was rejected. french officials are infuriated, saying dozens of vessels were not given the license is by british authorities. president emmanual macron threatens a series of sanctions of the dispute was not resolved. hours before a deadline, he held off. negotiations are continuing. some here are frustrated by the decision, seeing friends should've been more aggressive. others believe the measure could have backfired. but fishing here is often a family affair. and patience is wearing thin. >> honestly, i don't understand it. they give you a license, but i don't go often to their waters. i would've preferred then to

give it to my brother, who spends 80% of his time there. which means i have the right to eat, but my brother doesn't. reporter: it is estimated some in france's biggest fishing ports have lost half of their income. >> we are at a dead end in relation to fish. we've been living with this uncertainty for years, while the british decide to stay in or leave the european union -- decided to stay in or leave the european union. the need to stop playing with the economy in the lives of those who work in the fishing industry. reporter: the u.k. denies its acted -- it has acted unfairly, welcoming friends's -- france's move deposit sanctions, calling it major de-escalation. thursday, more talks. >> i think, i hope people will be smart enough to find an agreement. we are depending on the politicians. we have nothing left to do but wait. but it's already been 10 months, and it's a lot. reporter: fishing makes up less than 1% of either country's

's economy, but for this community, it is vital, and they need answers soon. al jazeera, northern friends. >> people in new york are voting in a tightly contested election to replace the outgoing mayor, bill de blasio. final weeks of the mayoral race have been dominated by personal attacks between the two leading candidates. eric adams heads into election day is a strong favorite. he is up against the republica., -- the republican. the winner will take over in january. yahoo! was withdrawing from china. it says the increasingly challenging business and legal environment makes operating there difficult. the withdrawal coincides with new legislation known as china's personal information protection law. it controls what data companies can gather and how it is stored. yahoo! joins a long list of

social media and technology companies that no longer operate in china. the white house has welcomed a private mission to myanmar by a former u.s. ambassador to the united nations. the u.s. isn't sponsoring the trip, but says they hope bill richardson will get aid supplies into myanmar, saying the need for aid has increased dramatically because of the coronavirus pandemic in the military coup which took place in february. about 3 million people are now in need of assistance, which has triple -- is triple than the year before. the coup would also -- the cool -- the coup was also in a, crisis. -- an economic crisis. a strike is likely to compound a fuel crisis already crippling the country. we have reports on this now from

the capital, port-au-prince. reporter: idled lines of cars snaked through haiti's capital, drivers biding their time until the comes come to life. -- pumps come to life. police protect the tanks and the haitian heat, and frustrations are running high. -- in haitian heat, and frustrations are running high. >> we want to work, but we can't. we don't have anything to do in haiti. it is a bad country. reporter: pierre drives a taxi and has waited three days. >> someone was beat up monday. i am still here. this is where i sleep at what i can get fuel. and can't do anything -- this is where i sleep.

i can't get fuel. i can't do anything. i haven't eaten. the money in my pocket is only for gas. reporter: this has paralyzed the poor nation, following a political crisis after the assassination of the last president and an earthquake that killed thousands of people earlier this year. fuel is slowly starting to truckle into port-au-prince, but the lines are long and it runs out fast. drivers just have to wait for the next shipment, opening it will not be hijacked by gangs. a number of trucks have been commandeered and drivers have been kidnapped. the fuel the gangs don't use for themselves they sell on the black market. the lack of diesel fuel that markets hospitals through out the country leaves some in the dark. with no lights, women at this hospital try to wait until daylight to give birth. as tanks across the nation sit empty. >> this has to end. we just need fuel. we don't need violence.

>> the fuel shortage shows no sign of improving. leav (sophie fouron) we're in the land of gods here. it sure looks likes it, anyways. it's the birthplace of greek mythology. apparently, zeus was born here, in crete. and the gods have been very generous to their land. you can find pretty much everything and anything on this island. they are wild herbs, flowers, fruits, vegetables everywhere. there are more sheep here than human beings. they can live off their land. they still have a very strong culture, very strong traditions. and here, they say they're cretans before they say they're greeks. and people either come from the mouns