1 online resource (xiii, 368 pages) :

Advances in Ecological Research was first published in 1962 and has become one of Academic Press' most prestigious and successful series. In 1999 the Institute for Scientific Information released figures indicating this serial has an impact factor of 9.6 and a half-life of 10.0 years, ranking it first in the highly competitive category of Ecology. This volume continues to publish topical and important reviews, and interprets ecology to include all material that contributes to our understanding of the field. Advances in Ecological Research presents a wide range of papers on all

Includes bibliographical references

Cover -- Contributors to Volume 34 -- Preface -- Contents -- The Direct Effects of Increase in the Global Atmospheric CO2 ... -- INTRODUCTION -- The Problem -- Aims of this Review -- Spatial and Temporal Scales -- Physiological Action of CO2 -- The Data Base -- Problems with the Data -- Acclimating, Acclimated and Adapted Trees -- THE CELLULAR SCALE -- THE LEAF AND SHOOT SCALE -- Stomatal Conductance -- Photosynthesis -- Photorespiration -- THE SEEDLING SAPLING AND INDIVIDUAL TREE SCALE -- Growth over Periods of Weeks and Months -- Growth Partitioning -- Compensation for Stress -- Water Use Efficiency -- Nutrient Stress-a Limiting Factor? -- Extraction of Nutrients -- Nitrogen Fixation -- Seedling Regeneration -- Growth at Timescales of Years and Decades -- THE PLANTATION AND WOODLAND SCALE -- At the Timescales of Hours and Days -- At the Timescales of Weeks and Months -- At the Timescales of Years and Decades -- THE FOREST AND ECOSYSTEM SCALE -- At the Timescales of Years and Decades -- Timescales of a Century or More -- SUMMARY -- Assessing the impact of the Rise in CO2 -- Photosynthesis and Stomatal Action -- Tree Growth -- Stand Processes and Production -- Forest and Region -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH -- References -- Ecology of Coarse Woody Debris in Temperate Ecosystems -- INTRODUCTION -- INPUT OF COARSE WOODY DEBRIS -- Methods -- Rates of Input -- Spatial Patterns -- Temporal Patterns -- Agents of Mortality -- DECOMPOSITION OF COARSE WOODY DEBRIS -- Types of Decay Processes -- Decay Models -- Methods to Determine Decay Rates -- Decay Rates -- Factors Controlling Decomposition -- AMOUNT AND DISTRIBUTION OF COARSE WOODY DEBRIS -- Estimating Biomass -- Biomuss of Coarse Woody Debris -- Factors Controlling Biomass -- Distribution of Coarse Woody Debris -- ROLES OF COARSE WOODY DEBRIS -- Coarse Woody Debris as Plant Habitat -- Coarse Woody Debris as Animal Habitat -- Importance of Coarse Woody Debris in Terrestrial Nutrient Cycles and Carbon Budgets -- Geomorphic Functions of Coarse Woody Debris -- CONCLUSIONS -- Comparison of Coarse Woody Debris in Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecosystems -- Effects of Human Activities on Coarse Woody Debris -- SUMMARY -- References -- A Theory of Gradient Analysis -- INTRODUCTION -- LINEAR METHODS -- Regression -- Calibration -- Ordination -- The Environmental Interpretation of Ordination Axes (Indirect Gradient Analysis) -- Constrained Ordination (Multivariate Direct Gradient Analysis) -- NON-LINEAR (GAUSSIAN) METHODS -- Unimodal Response Models -- Regression -- Calibration -- Ordination -- Constrained Ordination -- WEIGHTED AVERAGING METHODS -- Regression -- Calibration -- Ordination -- Constrained Ordination -- ORDINATION DIAGRAMS AND THEIR INTERPRETATION -- Principal Components: Biplots -- Correspondence Analysis: Joint Plots -- Redundancy Analysis -- Canonical Correspondence Analysis -- CHOOSING THE METHODS -- Which Response Model? -- Direct or Indirect? -- Direct Gradient Analysis: Regression or Constrained Ordination? -- CONCLUSIONS -- References -- Inherent Variati

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