1550
CAMERA OBSCURA CINEMA SHOWS IN 1550
Girolamo Cardano (1501-1576) initiated the use of a convex lens in the pinhole. He projected wild scenes of the outdoors along with appropriate sound effects to audiences inside the ‘Camera Obscura’.

The audience would sit inside the ‘Camera Obscura’ room and see what was going on outside as well as hear the sounds. The diverting spectacle or convex lens ‘up-righted’ the image so that patrons did not have to sit on their heads. Cinema in 1550.

Cardano was a polymath, doctor & showman. He published in his book 'De Subtilitate Libri’, XXI, Cardani, Nurnberg, 1550. Book IV, p107 describes his makings of a ‘Camera Obscura’ with a diverting spectacle and a graphic description of darkroom pictures and their appearances.

I highly encourage you to go through this book. There are marvellous illustrations even if you don't read Latin.

--Paul Burns PhD
THE HISTORY OF THE DISCOVERY OF CINEMATOGRAPHY
An Illustrated Chronological History of the Development of Motion Pictures Leading to the Discovery of Cinematography in the 1800s
https://archive.org/details/precinemahistory.net
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