i'm a west virginia because i was born in west virginia. i was in war because somebody told me somebody was trying to take my freedom. growing up in the country on a dairy farm, with no military influence in our community at all, seldom ever saw a person in uniform. but we had a couple individuals in the community who didn't like to hull corn and dig potatoes and pitch hay and shuffle cow residue. i cleaned that up for you. so they decided to go into the marine corps. they were not related, they went in at different times, but they went in the marine corps to make a living, because jobs were very difficult to obtain during the depression. their enlistment period was six years, that was the only contract the marine corps had at that time. when they came home on their one time a year 30-day furlow, they were required to wear their marine corps dress blues. i'm in my early teens, and we kids would get around them and we wanted to be around them because they would tell us fantastic stories about battles and all that stuff, that probably most of

the other one went to virginia. sure about the 140, it was not sunk during the wall was taking a surprise. those rst question, having sanctiones for the german navy. it did was send summering places in south america to develop submarine technology outside of germany. while the war they brought them back and started developing those technologies. the initial effort was to sink capital ships. this success was in sinking merchant ships. focus was immediately on, predominantly on the sinking of vessel ships. believed they could sink and negotiate the convoy system. this is where you had those u-boats had centric patrols, instead of attacking call the ly they will radio in. follow along this convoy and the damage that way. >> we have time for one more question. there an environmental reason call or concern over the mercury in the sea. to remove the ry mercury? there was one vessel in britain. in us waters, basically mold to sites that do not have mercury. has been some concerns, in the 60's there was a big concern. the t

and the confederate state of virginia just across the potomac river. by the end of the war, however, the nation's capital had become one of the most fortified cities in the world. with a ring of about 70 armed force and batteries encircling the city. next as part of our tour, some of the surviving forts we visit fort stevens which came under direct attack by confederate forces in july 1864. >> this is fort stevens. which is one of the many forts in the defenses of washington. this is probably the most famous, and i'll explain why in a little while. now originally, this was known as fort massachusetts. the people who built it immediately, after, the battle of first manassas, which really scared the washington, d.c. area, and they started getting serious about building defenses around cities so fort massachusetts was built in this area by massachusetts troops. it was about a perimeter of about 168 yards, and encompassed about 200 men in the fort. after second manassas in august of 1862, they decided to make this larger. because of its location, it's very

and sent back over the bridges into virginia. but it was seen by king aides a s successful in that it helped bring down hoover. it was one more way, one more poor optic for president already on the ropes, that he just did not care about poor people or care about regular folks and veterans. it's interesting if you go to be lbj library and spend time with the papers of aides to johnson, they were all reading arthur schlesinger's history. they were very aware of how that played out and they were insistent that it would not happen in 1968. so, resurrection city did take a life, take on a life of its own, and became a focal point of the campaign. in both good ways and bad ways. by late may, the city had 2500 people living in it. described by one magazine as a revival meeting within a carnival within an army camp. when people were not lobbying congress and federal agencies, they ate at the mess hall. they put their kids in a day care center. they got their hair cut. they listen to some of what was called the best entertainment in town

the same number in there from as in california and also significant populations of almost 3,000 in virginia and maryland. what they're doing is going to places where there's already established numbers of latin-americans. the numbers i'm sure are going to increase next year, and the reason is that no one is being sent home so our country has yet to establish an effective deterrent for more people to come here illegally through south texas. according to news reports, there have been roughly 280 of those 200,000 new arrivals who have been deported from the country. and that's about 280 people associated as a family unit who were deported from arrest teasa, that's a minuscule number of deportati deportations to the side of the influx. the major problem that are -- is education. given what the sum total of this cost is going to be, i took a look at what some of the states that are affected have estimated for the cost of providing an education to just -- and to all of the kids who have arrived in this inflaux, teinflaux--influx elson mates that it's going to be spending about $9,500 per child an

to california, they are still residents of the state of virginia. they are citizens of that state under our constitution. and, therefore, would have to vote a virginia ballot, the state in which they reside, which is going to be very different from the ballot that someone in california would see. if you are going to be away from your jurisdiction on election day, what you would typically do, if you want to vote, is cast an absentee ballot before the election. every state allows people to request an absentee ballot that is typically sent through the mail and returned through the mail. so that is how you would vote if you were someone from virginia who was going on a trip to california and was, therefore, going to be away from your home on election day. >> i want to add to that, in a lot of the litigation now, if there are recounts or challenges to an election in the united states, many times the question of absentee ballots and if they are legitimate voters and whatnot, this is where a lot of the litigation happens is looking at the absentee ballots,

and sent back over the bridges into virginia. at it was seen by king aides successful and that it helped bring down hoover. it was one more way, one more poor optic for president already on the ropes, that he just did not care about poor people or care about regular folks and veterans. it's interesting if you go to be lbj library and spend time with the papers of aides to johnson, they were all reading arthur slusser's history -- reading arthur solicitor's -- arthur schlesinger's history. so, resurrection city did take a own, take on a life of its and became a focal point of the campaign. by late may, the city had 2500 people living in it. described as a revival meeting within a carnival within an army camp. when people were not lobbying congress and federal agencies, they ate at the mess hall. they put themselves in a day care center. they got their hair cut. they listen to some of what was called the best entertainment in town from pete seager to diana ross and gladys knight. residents wrote their own newspaper, criticizing scl

militia came in from all over the state, northern virginia and southern pennsylvania. so when the british closed into the outskirts of the city, they could see that there were 15,000 american defenders waiting for them. and those defenders were dug in, backed up by artillery similar to the cannon i'm standing next to now. so the british realized very quick that taking the city by land may very well prove suicidal. they chose plan "b" and that was to take the city by sea. and on the early morning hours of the 13th of september, the british ships closed into bombard ft. mchenry. about 15 ships peel off and come up. you can see a large black tanker, that's where the british bombardment squadron was coming on. this cannon is p mounted with a naval gun. and this is the type of cannon ball that it would shoot. this is an 18-pound solid shot. so this cannon would fire this cannon ball weighing about 18 pounds and hurdle it over a mile. it travels at a little over 900 miles an hour. but it does not blow up. it's solid. solid shot. or as they called it at the time, shot. whethe

virginia, near the village of chancellorsville. hooker's army of the potomac fought general lee's army of virginia, an army less half its side. lee divided his army in the enemyce of a much larger force and won a significant confederate victory. to go intot going detail about the battle. i'll give you some of tidball's remarks. with hisd dispensed services of the chief of artillery, and there was no one on the field to make proper batteries. the the senior battery commander was its chief of artillery and exercised nominal control over its batteries but there was no one to take a comprehensive view entire field and distribute the batteries where most needed. as a rule, the batteries stuck to theiry as possible divisions. but in a country so wooded, this many of themhrew into positions where they could but little service, often of no service whatsoever. now, hooker's ideas connected with the management of artillery underwent a radical change lessons of chancellorsville. theaking a broad view of case, he could not avoid seeing that th

. >> from the macarthur memorial in northern virginia. we will year from scholars about the war that inaugurated the 20th century and welcome your calls, facebook posts, and tweets. our guests include lee craig, and sean mcmeekin. that is next saturday, starting at 9:30 a.m. eastern, here on american history tv. -- take a wanted brief statement here. the latest news coming out of germany. decision by the east german leadership to open its borders to those wishing to emigrate or travel. if it is implemented fully and - ifonforms with helsinki - and the gdrned, gets -- and the old building will have very little relevance. it clearly is a good development in terms of human rights. discussingthat after this year with the secretary of state of the national security advisor i am very pleased with this development. >> [indiscernible] we had such a close relationship with the federal answerthat if we were to -- i am certain we would give it serious consideration. i don't know what it is, because borderswith truly open it is hard to predict how ma

i'm a west virginian because i was born in west virginia. i was in war because somebody told me somebody was trying to take my freedom. growing up on a dairy farm with no military influence in our community at all, seldom ever saw a person in uniform. but we had a couple individuals in the community who didn't like to pitch hay and shovel cow residue. i cleaned that up for you. so, they decided to go into the marine corps. they were not related. they went in at different times. but they went in the green court -- the marine corps to make a living because jobs were very difficult to obtain during the depression. their enlistment was six years. that was the only contract the marine corps had at that time. when they came home on their one-time a year 30 day furlough, they were required to wear their marine core dress blues. i'm in my early teens. we kids would get around them and we wanted to be around them because they would tell us fantastic stories about battles, but probably most of it was not true. but it was entertaining and interesting t

sound of movie projector] >> american history tv recently visited the macarthur memorial in norfolk, virginia, a symposium for the world war i centennial. coming up next, we will hear from the co-author of "digging the trenches: the archaeology of the western front." he talks about efforts to identify the remains of previously unidentified soldiers, and what archaeology reveals about life in the trenches. later, world war i label -- confrontations, primarily between u-boats and american vessels, off the north carolina and virginia coasts. >> good morning. our first panel of speakers today can share their knowledge about archaeology and the great work. our first speakers andrew robertshaw. was previously the head of education at the national art museum in london and then after that, the director of the museum and camberley -- in camberley. he lectures for their norwegian army and provides historical events.tion for the he has led several archaeological projects on the western front. books,e author of 15 including digging the trenches, which came out in hardcover in 2008. he was recently given

history tv saturday for all day, live coverage of the world war i centennial symposium from norfolk, virginia. you will hear from scholars about the war that inaugurated the 20th century. craig and include lee sean mcmeekin. that is next saturday starting at 9:30 a.m. eastern here on american history tv. camhe 2015 c-span student video competition is underway, open to middle and high school students to create a documentary on the same "the three branches and you." talking about how a branch of government has affected you or your community. fore are 200 cash prizes students and teachers totaling $100,000. to get started, go to studentcam.org. c-span has toured cities across the country, exploring american history. up next, a look at a recent visit to colorado springs, colorado. you are watching american history tv, all weekend, every weekend on c-span3. is soden of the gods park magnificent. many of the people do not realize it is a city park. it has national significance and a world-famous view. the fact that we are a natural landmark, i really love the description of the garden of the gods p

custody in virginia and maryland. i sort of have two questions but they're related to training and stakeholder relations and sort of two parts for barbara and maria. first maria, i want to thank you so much for the wonderful work that the young center does. >> thanks. >> i've had the pleasure of working with one of your child advocates out of the office in harlingen. you make a great difference. i'm so excited you're opening new offices because we need more of your work. >> thanks. >> but barbara, you mentioned there's expanded training for the immigration judges. can you speak a little bit about that? and also maybe generally about what kind of training, if any, is required for immigration judges around issues relating to these unaccompanied minors. >> so we have done some training with the immigration judges, you know. some of you know because of budgetary issues, we've had to have our conferences on dvd for our judges. we had planned a conference actually this summer, a live in-person conference that we had to post

they voted by dropping their ballots in an old panama hat of virginia senator carter glass. this prompted a quip about senate democrats trying to ensure the secret ballot by using a glass hat. senator barkley won by one vote. one vote. 37 to 36. but, he lost much more with his colleagues. because many senators took offense at the president's influence in barkley's election. and barkley finally paid something of a price for it. his colleagues granted him the title of majority leader but not the accompanying authority and respect, viewing him as fdr's man rather than the senate leader. and that's how he began his tenure as majority leader. now the job of majority leader is a tough job. i'd like to try it out, by the way. [laughter] but it's a tough job. if your party controls the white house the majority leader usually tries to enact the president's programs and protect his priorities. that is much harder in a second presidential term than a first one in which the incoming president has a full head of steam and strong popular support. roosevelt was not only in his second term

they do this dance, as you can see on this map down virginia. they meet. often grant doesn't do well. lee moves south, grant chases him. they clash over and over again. this was a bloody five or six weeks that take place between may and june of 1864. over the course of this relatively short period of time, grant takes 60,000 casualties. now casualties are killed, wounded and captured. i'm not talking 60,000 deaths. 60,000 casualties is a lot. this does not go over well with the northern public. this is really ugly. this is some of the ugliest fighting of the civil war. that's saying something. for instance, the battle of the wilderness where a number of injured men are burned to death in a fire that is started by hot led ammunition in the underbrush. it's really gruesome. the battle of spotsylvania. the trenches fill with blood and men. blood and bodies. the northern public reads about this and is absolutely horrified about what is going on in their name in the field. here is a list of the casualties here, both union and confederate. going to have to get m

so i live in virginia. and if you followed the polls before the election last week, it looked like it was not going to be a close election. and there's a lot of construction going on on my street. and the polling booth in my neighborhood is about 0.7 of a mile away. i knew it would be a huge pain to get there because of all the construction. and i had to take my daughter to day care and i just didn't feel like sitting in traffic for five minutes. and i almost didn't vote last week because i thought, it doesn't matter. it would be a pain. and i think that oftentimes people don't vote because, you know, it's inconvenient. and certainly in the 19th century to vote in -- if you live in a rural area, you might have to travel some distance to be able to vote. in the elections in camp, you just had to walk 100 yards, at most, to vote, no-n most cases because you were in camp and the elections were held in the companies of each regiment. so you're not traveling far. so, i think that if soldiers are making a conscie

and they do this dance, as you can see on this map, down virginia. they meet. often grant does particularly well but it doesn't matter, lee moves farther south, grant chases him. they meet again. they clash over and over again. this is an extremely bloody, five or six weeks that takes place between may and june of 1864 and over the course of this relatively short period of time grant takes about 60 casualties. now casualties are killed, wounded and captured. so i'm not talking about 60,000 deaths. but 60 casualties is a lot. and this does not go over well with the northern public. this is really ugly. this is some of the ugliest fighting of the civil war. and that's saying something. for instance the battle of bewilderment where a number of injured men are burned to death in a fire that is started by hot led ammunition in the underbrush, it's really gruesome. the battle at spotsylvania, by this time we're talking about trenches. there's hand-to-hand warfare for 13 hours in one phase of the battle at spotsylvania and the trenches fill with blood and men. blood a

what do the numbers alone tell you about 1644 in virginia? >> the indians wipe them all out. -- disease has wiped them all out. >> in combination with wars and native american slave trade. you are even. the chance of pushing them out are pretty darn slim, especially because four years later you will have 14,000 englishmen and african slaves. at the color that numbers will continue to dwindle. willpowhatan numbers continue to dwindle. let's take a look at another example. king philip's war. proportionally, one of the most deadly wars in american history, right? they're going to lose roughly 5% of the total population. this is the population -- roughly within all of new england. this is another way of saying the people -- it like a term for native americans. roughly 10,000. pretty small. of which about a quarter are warriors. 6 to 4 ratio favoring new england colonists. they push them back to plymouth and boston and all like that. nevertheless they do not push them out. they hold their supply lines. they have enough matÉriel and resources. any

this is a competitive year and virginia is a competitive state. but i can tell you most of the republicans at the highest command level will be shocked if warner loses. i think it's very unlikely. i will warner will end up winning. >> as far as the crystal ball's history is concerned, what's your history as far as midterm elections and calling it right? >> we have -- our accuracy is higher than 98%. we call every race. that's what's disdistinctive. we have called all 507 gubernatorial, senate and house races. obviously, when you call all 507, you are going to be wrong. we do it because it's fun and because we think that's the fun of the process. our readership agrees with us. >> the director of the senate for politics at the university of virginia, also mentioning his crystal ball that takes a look at these things. if people want to find out the crystal ball information, where do they go? >> senatorforpolitics.org. >> thanks for your time. >> thank you. >>> today is election day across the country. for all of the house of representatives and some

and they do this dance, as you can see on this map, down virginia. they meet. often grant does particularly well but it doesn't matter, lee moves farther south, grant chases him. they meet again. they clash over and over again. this is an extremely bloody, five or six weeks that takes place between may and june of 1864 and over the course of this relatively short period of time grant takes about 60 casualties. now casualties are killed, wounded and captured. so i'm not talking about 60,000 deaths. but 60,000 casualties is a lot. and this does not go over well with the northern public. this is really ugly. this is some of the ugliest fighting of the civil war. and that's saying something. for instance the battle of bewilderment where a number of injured men are burned to death in a fire that is started by hot led ammunition in the underbrush, it's really gruesome. the battle at spotsylvania, by this time we're talking about trenches. there's hand-to-hand warfare for 13 hours in one phase of the battle at spotsylvania and the trenches fill with blood and men. blo

i owned the dogs, and i used to raise these dogs when i used to chase negroes in virginia. they connect these dogs used to chase escaped slaves with those used to chase escaped prisoners. everyone knew about these dogs already because of harriet beecher stowe's "uncle tom's cabin." although these dogs don't show up, in -- in the famous chase scene of that, in the stage production, dogs became a regular feature. they would have live dogs chasing the actors around the stage. often they would get in the audience and create havoc. when you knew about slavery and its horrors, you knew about these dogs. these witnesses were like, i didn't see any dogs. there is a great story of a witness that says, i was trying to escape once. yeah, there was a dog. he came up to the fence and he rubbed his nose against mine and moved on. that is not to minimize how terrifying these dogs were under slavery and at andersonville. we're not talking about the floppy eared hounds of "the andy griffith show." these are weaponized dogs. they are trained to hunt and mangle people. the stories told are no

virginian because i was born in west virginia. war because somebody told me somebody was trying to take my freedom. a dairy farm with no military influence in our community at all, seldom ever a saw a person in uniform. but we had a couple individuals in the community who didn't like to pitch hay and shovel cow residue. i cleaned that up for you. so, they decided to go into the marine corps. they were not related. they went in at different times. but they went in the green court to make a living because jobs were very difficult to obtain during the depression. their enlistment was six years. that was the only contract the marine corps had at that time. when they came home on their one-time a year 30 day furlough, they were required to wear their marine core dress blues. i'm in my early teens. we kids would get around them and we wanted to be around them because they would tell us fantastic stories about battles, but probably most of it was not true. but it was entertaining and interesting to us. they had to wear their dress blues

i'm a west virginian because i was born in west virginia. i was in war because somebody told me somebody was trying to take my freedom. growing up on a dairy farm with no military influence in our community at all, seldom ever saw a person in uniform. but we had a couple individuals in the community who didn't like to pitch hay and shovel cow residue. i cleaned that up for you. so, they decided to go into the marine corps. they were not related. they went in at different times. but they went in the green court to make a living because jobs were very difficult to obtain during the depression. their enlistment was six years. that was the only contract the marine corps had at that time. when they came home on their one-time a year 30 day furlough, they were required to wear their marine core dress blues. i'm in my early teens. we kids would get around them and we wanted to be around them because they would tell us fantastic stories about battles, but probably most of it was not true. but it was entertaining and interesting to us. they had to we

i live in virginia. if you follow the polls before the election last week, it would look like it's an close election. there is a lot of construction going on on my street. the polling booth in my neighborhood is about 7/10 of a mile away.

i'm a west virginia because i was born in west virginia. i was in war because somebody told me somebody was trying to take my freedom. growing up in the country on a dairy farm, with no military influence in our community at all, seldom ever saw a person in uniform. but we had a couple individuals in the community who didn't like to hull corn and dig potatoes and pitch hay and shuffle cow residue. i cleaned that up for you. so they decided to go into the marine corps. they were not related, they went in at different times, but they went in the marine corps to make a living, because jobs were very difficult to obtain during the depression. their enlistment period was six years, that was the only contract the marine corps had at that time. when they came home on their one time a year 30-day furlow, they were required to wear their marine corps dress blues. i'm in my early teens, and we kids would get around them and we wanted to be around them because they would tell us fantastic stories about battles and all that stuff, that probably most of

watch us on >> the siege of petersburg was a series of battles around petersburg, virginia lasting more than nine months from june 1864 into the spring of 1865. petersburg was crucial to the supply lines of confederate general robert e lee's army. union forces under ulysses s. grant repeatedly attacked and attempted to outflank the entrenched rebels, finally gaining an advantage that led to a confederate retreat, and days later, lee's surrender. richard somers takes nt

soldiers, led by douglas macarthur, and sent back over the bridges into virginia. but it was seen as, by king aides at least as successful in that it helped bring down hoover, it was just one more way, one more poor optic for a president already on the ropes that he just didn't care about poor people or care about regular folks and veterans. and it's interesting if you go to the lbj library and spend time with papers of aides to johnson in austin, they were all reading arthur schlesinger's history of the march. they were all very aware of how that played out in 1932 and they were insistent that that was not going to happen in 1968. by late may, the city had up to 2,500 people living in it. described by one magazine, very colorfully, a revival meeting within an army camp. they ate at the mess hall, they put their kids in the greta scott king daycare center, they got their hair cut, they listened to some of the best entertainment in town. residents wrote their own newspaper, often criticizing sclc leadership in the process. there was a poor people's university that o

published five books, including "the war of 1812 and the chesapeake, a reference inde to historic sites virginia, maryland, and the district of columbia tikka and has appeared in six acumen to on the war of 1812. documentaries on the war of 1812. greater honor than being designated as an honorary colonel.-- it is my pleasure to welcome colonel eshelman to the podium. [applause] pleasure to welcome him to the podium. [ applause ] >>> good morning, everyone. thank you. that was a kind introduction. i have never been called colonel when i'm been introduced. thank you very much. i want to add to the accolades expressed about the partners and individuals have done to put this together. i have thoroughly enjoyed it. i hope you have as well. we still have an afternoon to go as well. itis not over and i'm looking forward to it. before lunch, which is an important thing for all of us, i have a few words i would like to say about some of the myth that is surround washington, d.c. specifically, i'm going to talk about three myths. i'm going to present them to you in the form of a question. the first one is

the suspect in the case of the missing university of virginia student is charged with abduction. what is northwestern doing about campus safety? >> well, we're blessed to be here in a wonderful suburban location, evanston, is a fantastic city. it's a city of 75,000 or so. we don't dominate the whole city, but we're really blessed to be here. you know, you can look at -- one of the nice things that the government has forced everybody to do is to disclose your crime statistics. i mean, it could always happen. uva is a sensational school in charlottesville is as close to heaven as you can get in this country, but terrible things do happen. again, i think -- and this refers to the previous question, there was a time when we swept things under the rug, not specifically northwestern but everywhere, say when i was in college about drinking, about sexual assault, about other aspects of safety. and now we don't. so we're very up front about it and we try to deal with it. i think by trying to deal with it and recognizing problems we're much more successful. >> northwestern is one of the pr

before this trip, thurgood marshall had not been south of virginia. so this exposure to the deep south really had a dramatic impact on him and this is the first time i've seen that presented as clearly. a third major contribution is the part -- material in here about the teacher pay. these were absolutely the central part of the beginning of his work at the naacp. the first ten years. he did more teacher pay cases in more parts of the south than anything else. but there's so little written about it. i think it is because there are no supreme court decisions. there are only a couple of appellate decisions. these were decisions, lawsuits in about 12 states where he doubled the income of the largest professional group in most black communities -- the teachers. and it became the vehicle by which they grew the naacp. i was so pleased to see that in this film for the first time, that series of litigation -- series is highlighted. the fourth item that, again, i'm surprised that no one's really spent much time on, is the connection between the harlem renaissa

southern facilities, northern facilities -- and just one example, the drawings of robert, held by the virginia historical society. he has multiple maps of andersonville showing its evolution during his captivity there. how he depicts the earthworks outside the stockade is like they are on steroids, because he only sees them at a distance. when you are looking at a distance, what you really see is the fact that there are guns pointed at you. when he's moved to the camp laughton facility in the fall, he's paroled out. he works in the hospital. and, as a consequence, his drawings of the camp laughton prison facility are almost hyper accurate. in terms of not only the stockade, but placement of exterior features. prisoners of war face impossible choices. that we in many respects do not understand and cannot understand. it's almost a moral calculous -- calculus, where the equations are all different. as one example of that, john tarsney, a michigan soldier held in andersonville and then in the -- moved in the fall to camp laughton, in the fall, during one of the exchanges in november of the sick an

the first african-american law professor at the university of virginia before accepting a faculty position here in maryland. he's been engaged in many civic activities in maryland and served for a time in the u.s. justice department as associate deputy attorney general and director of the national economic crimes project. to my far right is my colleague here at the university of baltimore school of law, jose anderson. jose is one of our finest professors. has taught here since 1989. teaches criminal law, criminal procedure and trial practice. before joining the faculty, jose practiced law here in baltimore, served for nine years in the maryland public defenders office, supervised the appellate division there. he represented clients in major death penalty cases, criminal

university of virginia history professor elizabeth barron examines the election from the point of view of the confederates. this is a portion of the symposium by the lincoln group of d.c. >> it's my pleasure and privilege from the university of virginia who will speak on the election of 1864 in confederate eyes. this is an important topic to

in an historic town, lexington, virginia which has a lot of civil war history. can't -- in my child-like understanding of the world, i the way that b you could measure how historic you body count of historical e and figures buried in your town. so we had a lot of them. lee chapel. the horse, traveller has a grave. the line at w humans. animals were important. jackson, another confederate general is buried. when his horse died, they said let's stuff him and be it him in the museum. after i was a kid school, this was one of my favorite museum artifacts to go nothing better to do. was story just by now flowing through my blood. thinking lder, i was of other ways to write. i retained that interest in history. until i was quite a bit older, majored in english in college. in to lloyd college wisconsin. did all sorts of professional writing, i had kids writing a all of the great public literature in our do l library that you may yourself that i reconnected with that genre and said i should see if i could write for children. i began experimenting. my kids are now grown-

virginia, you have been an expert here for a long time. getting better, worse in terms of press coverage? >> i think perhaps the it is press is beginning to get better. for a long time the story about social security, its strength is its own enemy it's so fiscally responsible every year a trustee's report looks 75 year spos the future and says how are we doing? this system can't borrow money. it hases to pay for itself by raising taxeses or cutting benefits if it should get out of balance. through that fiscal responsibility the story every year is when is it going bankrupt? well, it's not. it has a short fall. it's time to talk in a different way. >> a couple of years ago michael astrub was begging journalists to understand the term exhaustion and not to use the term bankrupt. sure enough all the stories were social security is going bankrupt. there is no winsing. >> it's important. the trustees look forward and say where we are going. the trustees are saying there is an imbalance. it's not like this is a perfectly rosy situation. go read

i am from down in richmond, virginia. i know in richmond, there was both a concentration of numerous p.o.. prisons for union w.'s, and there was a concentration of southern unionists who aided them in getting out of the prisons and getting in and out of richmond. i was wondering if there were any other populations in the south, or even the north, where you have civilian populations helping prisoners of the state? and i'm interested in w.'s on bordero. states. >> i cannot speak to that as much as i would like. that is certainly something that deserves a lot more research in terms of the confederate prisoners. the book i would recommend is not military prisoners but prisoners, nonetheless. it was published about a year , new york tribune writers that were captured by the confederacy outside of vicksburg at1863 and held punitively several prisons. .hey make an escape in both their historic accounts and this more recent retelling, there is a great deal of focus on southern unionists who are assisting them in their run to free

illinois, indiana, michigan, minnesota,s, nebraska, missouri, north dakota, oklahoma, south dakota, west virginia, and wisconsin. at the head table will be the senator from oklahoma, the the formervernor, republican national chairman. mr. agnew is leaving des moines after his speech to fly to florida tomorrow for the apollo launch. and now the vice president of the united states has been introduced. [applause] [applause] gentlemen, i have the distinct honor of introducing the vice president of the united states. he was one of our colleagues, the governor of maryland. in our trade, we say he has made it big. he has been referred to as a person who has made the vice presidency into one of the most fascinating roles on the washington scene. he has been an advocate of hard work, discipline, candor, and fair play. i think you could say he has maintained that there is nothing wrong with being patriotic, moral, and hard-working. [applause] our vice president has traveled from coast to coast from border to border in this country to tell a story he believes in and to tell people the way he sees it. this m

in 1861, pennsylvania soldiers were allowed to vote in pennsylvania and virginia. and there was an immense amount of fraud. i found one regiment from philadelphia that cast a 900-vote majority on a candidate from philadelphia even though there were 100 men in the regiment in philadelphia. this law was challenged on a bipartisan basis, both republicans and democrats challenged the law in the legislature and in the state courts. by may of 1862, the supreme court had soldiers voting unconstitutional. but with so many millions of men away from home, many of them being qualified voters, the north began to realize, we've got to allow soldiers to vote. after all, they're fighting for the nation. how can we deprive them of the full rights of citizenship? so by the end of the war, you have 19 northern states that permit soldiers to vote. this is a tremendously important political innovation, and it sets the precedent for absentee balloting which becomes normal in the 20th century. and finally, the republican policy of permitting soldiers to and, finally, the republican poli

surprising that i chose to write about history, because i grew up in a very historic town, lexington, virginia, which has a lot of civil war history. in my childlike understanding of the world, i decided the way you could measure how historic you ofe was by the body count famous people and historical figures buried in your town, and we had a lot of them. we had the grave for lee's horse , traveller. also it's of animals were important. stonewall jackson and other confederate generals buried in lexington. when his horse, who was also famous, died, rather than burying him, some enterprising soul decided to stop him and put him in the museum. this was one of my favorite .useum artifacts with nothing better to do on my meanders home. history, by now, was flowing through my blood. as i got older, i started thinking of other ways to write. i definitely retained that interest in history. it was not until i was quite a bit older -- i majored in english in college, in wisconsin , and it all sorts of professional writing. but it was not until i got older and had kids and started reading all the great ch

i'm a west virginia because i was born in west virginia.n bec was born in west virginia. i was in war because somebody told me, somebody was trying to take my froe dom. growing up in the country on the dairy farm with no military influence in our community at all, seldom ever saw a person in uniform. but we had a couple individuals in the community who didn't like to hoe corn and take potatoes and pitch hay and shovel cow residue. i cleaned that up for you. so they decided to go in to the marine corps. they were not related. they went in at different times. but they went in the marine corps to make a living. because jobs were very difficult to obtain during the depression. their enlistment period was six years. that was the only contract the marine corps had at that time. when they came home on their one-time a year 30-day furloug , they were required to wear their marine corps dress blues. i'm in my early teens. and we kids would get around them and we wanted to be around them because they would tell us fantastic stories about battles and all that stuff that probably mos

he'd gotten into the anticommunist building in 1950 when he went to west virginia to give a lincoln's day talk. he said i can't give all names but i hold in my name a list of known communists in the state department that the secretary is not doing anything about. he had a specific number. at the time mccarthy was reading from notes rather than a prepared speech. he couldn't remember exactly what he said. an associated press story came out and made huge headlines from around the country. mccarthy became the nation's number one red hunter. this is when the rosen berg case was going on. he had nothing to do with rosen berg. he was making charges against people including george marshal and secretary of state deen a achison and others. when he got to be chairman of the committee of investigation, the senate sort of thought he would get off that issue because there was an anticommunist committee. mccarthy felt his investigation committee had jurisdiction over everything and could do what he wanted. he was looking to hire a chief council. he had senior people who had decent reputations. peop

he'd gotten into the anti-communist business in 1950 when he went to wheeling, west virginia, to give a lincoln's day talk and held up a piece o f said, i hold in my hand a list of known communists in the state department that the secretary is not doing anything about. at the time, mccarthy was really reading from notes rather than from a prepared speech. even he cannot remember what he said. an associated press story came out and made headlines all over the country. and mccarthy seven became the nation's number one red hunter. this is at a time when alger hiss' case was going on. the rosenberg case was going on. mccarthy had nothing to do with hiss or rosenberg, but he was making charges -- against all sorts of people, including secretary of state george marshall and secretary of state dean at sent. -- dean acheson. when he got to be chairman of the committee on the permanent subcommittee on investigation, the senate thought he would get off that issue because there already was in anti-communist subcommittee, the interal security subcommittee. and it had jurisdiction over communist i

he had gotten into the anti communist business in 1950 when he went to west virginia to give a lincoln's day talk and held up a piece of paper and said, i can't give all the names but i hold in my hand the list of the known communists in the state department that the secretary is not doing anything about. he had a specific number. at the time, mccarthy was reading from notes rather than a prepared speech. even he couldn't remember exactly what he said. an associated press story came out and made huge headlines around the country. mccarthy suddenly became the nation's number one red hunter. this was at the time when the rosenberg case was going on. mccarthy was making charges against all sorts of people, including george marshal and secretary of state dean achison and people who he he was implicating. when he got to be chairman of the committee on the permanent subcommittee investigation, the senate thought that he would get off of that issue, because there was an anti-communist subcommittee, the intern security subcommittee. it had jurisdiction over communist issues. mccarthy felt his co

signage across the country so that your smart car that works in california also will work in new york and virginia. in short, what we should do is try to solve today's problems today. don't try to foresee the distant future. instead, just try to leave the future with as many options as possible. so that they can solve their problems without being encumbered by a huge debt that we put out today, in order to build something that turns out not to be worthwhile at all. build and maintain dumb infrastructure, and -- i don't know why it didn't show my last point, which is, don't manage vehicle-to-infrastructure communications which i think our next speaker will talk about a little bit more. thank you. >> thank you, randal. up next we have marc scribner, a research fellow at the competitive enterprise institute where he works on transportation, land use and telecommunications policy issues. he has written for "usa today," the "washington post," and the national review, and his work has been cited by the "wall street journal," "washington post," "boston globe," politico, he's widely cited. the bbc, c-span