and then isolate that arm present the risk for a coughing and then handcuff and a lot of times when you're doing the prone coughing. you do that with a partner preferably a mason a lot easier to control the person in if someone is handcuffed in here using your knee on their back or shoulder to gain control do you do you leave it there for an extended period of time it depends on the circumstance you can leave it there for a longer period of time depending on the resistance you get. and what would signal to you as a trainer when you're supposed to release you when their behavior deescalate their resistance relative to the handcuffing. that's rights or yes commitments so once you've accomplished the handcuffing once the subject actually been handcuffed is that the appropriate time to release your life not necessarily what people are handcuffed in the proposition they can. thrash around right there round and they can they do present a little bit of a threat they can kick bite some other things so our control doesn't end with and coughing always. if the subject is resisting correct that's corr

could induce pain. >> yes because the handcuffs were not double locked meaning that they could continue to ratchet tighter as the person moved. >> were you able to hear instances of what you recognize during your review of the body worn cameras and having the subject to obey your command. >> what if there is no opportunity for compliance. >> at that point is just pain. >> you again observe the entirety of the body worn camera footage, did you see whether the defendant discontinued the use of the pain compliance technique during the restraint. >> yes i didn't know he did not. >> if you could take that down please. sir, you testified about graham versus connor and the factors that used in your analysis, your review of minneapolis police department doesn't minneapolis integrated these factors into its policy and procedures. >> yes. >> you testify to the factors one of the actions will happen prior to the restraint. i would like you to focus on the restraint. it's self and if we can publish exhibit 217, i believe it is page two and highlight the three bullets this is from the minneapolis po

>> we also saw led off in handcuffs and that was george floyd and had he been led off with the same level of dignity der derek chauvin was afforded with the process of a trial and due process, we wouldn't be here today. when you think about all it would have taken to not be where we are right now, all it would have taken, the idea of leading a man not putting him in a prone position, not manipulating his handcuffs, not pressing your knee to his neck, not ignoring the trying to get him off the neck, derek chauvin would not have been led away today. and i go back to what you talked about at the beginning that omar jimenez said. if we didn't have this videotape, this would have come down to a medical incident. he would remain nameless and not somebody's name that would be the first thing that the closing began with. remember, they said his name was george p. floyd born october 14th, 1973. this began and ended with somebody having the ability to say the name, to be able to be led off with dignity and that was denied and we saw what it looks like when you get the opportunity in a court of law.

the handcuffs by both officer shaaban and by officer king how they manipulate the handcuffs and they're pushing the handcuffs into his back and pushing them high then on the other side you have the street so the street is playing a crucial part because he's against a hard asphalt street so the way they're pushing down on his handcuffs combined with the street his left side and that's particularly the left side we see that it's like the left side is in a vise it's totally being pushed in squeezed in from each side. however this as you said hugely significant testimony from this expert witness it's difficult to see how the defense would argue against any of his. there's a couple of things that stand out 1st of all when he mentioned the fact that how difficult was it to breathe let me give you this example and you can maybe even try to it's like trying to breathe through a drinking straw only much watched the night so that's what george boyd was going through and things like that tend to stick with students and so that's hard for the defense to overcome here's another thing dr torben has n

>> yes, especially because the handcuffs were not double locked. double locked meaning that they were not -- they could continue to rasp tchet tighter as the pen moved. >> were you able to hear instances of what you would call ratcheting during your review of the body worn cameras? >> yes. >> and so if i'm to understand your testimony, you would inflict pain for the purpose of having the subject obey your command? >> yes. comply. >> and what if there is no opportunity for compliance? >> then at that point it is just pain. >> you again observed the entirety of the body worn camera footage. did you see whether the defendant discontinued the use of the pain compliance technique during the restraint period that you've defined? >> yes, i did, and no, he did not. >> you can take that down please. sir, i previously testified about the graham versus connor factors, the three different factors you used in your analysis? >> yes, sir. >> and your review of the minneapolis police department policy, does the minneapolis police department integrate these graham

first into the grass just 2 minutes later he lets out a loud scream as handcuffs are put on to it. from here. we're going to let the scene play out on edited for the next few minutes. >> the man. we're doing it now we get the record yet. are we're going to carry we're going to carry there. that. thank you. >> then i got that good. you know it so put your >> maria. what your last name so but the birthday of but got to own we're okay. >> we want to slow the video down for you so you can see where the officer's knee is located. it appears that at one point officer does have his knee in the back of mario with his weight behind it. seconds later that same officer can be seen with his knee near mario's neck and shoulder blade at the same time. mario still face to face down into the grass, still struggling to breathe. >> what's your we don't love and the talk what's your birthday, court to get it so that they did 1984. but what month the. >> new will. well, other a that. i think just had too much to drink today. i >> okay, >> mario come down, please stop kicking. they the side. okay. you'

off to give this person medical right yes or because once you're under handcuff a suspect they could become resistant again correct there's. you have to decide is that a risk you're willing to take yes or. you also described the recovery position correct yes or and the recovery position could be rolling someone on their side sitting them up or standing them up right yes. and again there would be circumstances you can envision circumstances where you would not put a person into the recovery position correct. yes or and. again all of those factors that we've kind of talked about in terms of partner safety personal safety safety of the subject safety of the crowd all of those things are going through that critical decision making model process right yes or. now in terms of the. use of body weight to. hold a suspect right you have you train officers to use their knee across the back troll or the shoulder to the base of the neck of a subject correct yes that is something that is specifically trained by the minneapolis police department whether it be for handcuffing purposes or simply pron

the handcuffs by both the officer sharp and by officer king the manipulate the handcuffs and they're pushing the handcuffs into his back and pushing them high then on the other side you have the street so the street is playing a crucial part because he's against the hard ass farts 3 so the way they're pushing down on his handcuffs combined with the street his left side and that's particularly the left side we see that it's like the left side is in a vise it's totally being pushed in squeeze the from each side president joe biden has announced measures to tackle gun violence which he says is an international embarrassment to the u.s. they include an order targeting that of those that are self assembled and untraceable the changes are relatively minor and by the will need the support of congress to achieve tighter restrictions votes are being counted in the 1st ever push to unionize at an amazon warehouse of the u.s. state of alabama final results may not come out until friday but so far the numbers indicate workers have rejected forming a union more than 3000 people cast their ballots

tightening of handcuffs? >> yes. it's a little button you used to push to either keep them from coming and undergoing in. >> there's several different positions that an author can be when they're handcuffing the suspect, is that right? >> i'm sorry? >> the officer can be in many different positions relative to the subject we are handcuffing? >> absolutely. very dynamic, yes or. >> standing, prone? >> yes or. >> i would like you to please describe to the jury what techniques are used to prone handcuffed the subject. >> with pro-handcuffing want to make sure we isolate. a lot of time which each the officers to use the need to control their shoulder. generally you put one need on each side of the arm to one of the upper shoulder, middle of the back, excuse me, and then isolate that arm, present the rest for cuffing and then handcuff. a lot of times when you doing the prone cuffing you do that with a partner preferably. makes a lot easier to control a person. >> if someone is handcuffed and you are using your kne

but the handcuffs on their own, just handcuffs per se are not that important. it must be the handcuffs combined with the street. and it's because of the position of the handcuffs at the back and how he is manipulated with the handcuffs by both officer shot shawmut and by officer kueng, have a manipulate the handcuffs, and they're pushing the handcuffs into his back and pushing them high. then on the other side you have the street. so the street is playing a crucial part because he is against a hard asphalt street. so the way they are pushing down on his handcuffs, combined with the street, his left side, and it is particularly the left side we see that, it's like the left side is in advice. it is totally being pushed in, squeezed in from each side, from the street at the bottom and then from the way that the handcuffs are manipulated. it's not just the handcuffs. it's how the handcuffs are being held, how they're a being pushed, where they are being pushed that totally interfere with essential features of how we breathe. >> so mr. floyd then is pancaked between

that individual was taken from the vehicle in handcuffs. nelson: did you make any observations as to the passengers behavior? >> in my mind his behavior was very nervous, anxious. >> objection. >> i withdraw the question. nelson: did you see the passenger do anything physically with his hands? >> yes. he turned away from me toward the drivers seat continually as i was giving commands to see his hands. nelson: did you draw your service weapon? >> yes i did. nelson: to the passenger put anything in his mouth? >> no i did not. nelson: were you wearing a body worn camera issued by mpd on that day? >> yes. nelson: did you have an opportunity to review prior to today's testimony? >> yes i have. nelson: i would publish exhibit 1051. >> received subject to motion in limine. >> serve. passenger. undo your seatbelt. undo your seatbelt. i don't plan on shooting you. relax. undo your seatbelt. keep your hands up i can see them. hey. keep your hands where i can see them. put them on the dash. put them on the dash.an i'm not going to shoot you. put your

one of those officers pulls a gun and orders floyd out 90 seconds later, floyd in handcuffs walking to a wall handcuffed and now under arrest amid counterfeit currency charges that all the way floyd gets agitated resisting the officers trying to put him in the back seat of the police car. he struggles and collapses. >> close office or derek chauvin pulls up alongside another officer still in handcuffs. they dragged floyd out of the back in pin him. facedown chauvin shoves his knee into floyd's neck. witnesses on the street. pull out cell phones and start recording pleading for chauvin to stop. >> this an arrest right at 8.20, it gets more distressing for the crowd and floyd screams for his mother cuomo. >> finally an emergency medical call. floyd had yelled. i can't breathe. >> 27 times one minute later at 8.24 floyd stops moving the crowd sees blood coming from his nose. an off-duty paramedic offers to help. >> but by 8.25 floyd has no polls 8.27 the ambulance arrives even as the paramedics show up chauvin's knee remained on floyd's neck for a full minute before he gets up at the urgi

he was in handcuffs at the time. >> you said he was in handcuffs. as you approached him to inspect him further, was the officer still on top of him? >> the officer was still on him when i approached. >> what did you do when you approached? >> i was assessing the scene and running through what care may be needed. >> and did you take some initial steps, like checking for a pulse? >> i checked for a pulse. >> and did you also check the individual, mr. floyd's pupils? >> i did. >> what did you determine at that point? >> they were large, dilated. >> so you determined his pupils were large and dilated. what about a pulse? >> i did not palpate a pulse. >> when you say that, you did not detect a pulse? >> did not detect a pulse. >> what did his condition seem to you to be overall? >> in lay terms, i thought he was dead. >> so what did you do next? >> i told my partner, i think he's dead. i want to move this and i will begin care in the back. >> did you say you would begin care in the back? >> of my rig. >> and is the rig where your equipment is to deal wit

jimmy is taken to the prison van, in handcuffs. byi prison van, in handcuffs. by lookini prison van, in handcuffs. by looking at his picture, he looks like he's committing some really serious crime. all the chains, handcuffed him, the chains, handcuffed him, the chains around his waist, it is like he's a murderer. i suppose we have the human rights protected under the basic law in hong kong but practically you do feel paranoid, you are frightened, you are so scared of getting the jail time. filmy of getting the “ail time. amy is tasked with — of getting the jail time. amy is tasked with documenting everyone arrested under the new law. 50 everyone arrested under the new law, ., , everyone arrested under the new law, ., i. ., everyone arrested under the new law. so many charged. i have two create — law. so many charged. i have two create more _ law. so many charged. i have two create more rows. - law. so many charged. i have two create more rows. apple | two create more rows. apple daily will be closed very soon. jimmy lai, he will be injail forthe jimmy l

take the handcuffs off to perform medicalaid? he take the handcuffs off to perform medical aid? he said there are circumstances where you wouldn't put someone in a recovery position depending upon the safety of people including the crowd. while awaiting ems, he described how crowds can make situations chaotic. he said simply because a person is not actively resisting, that does not mean that you cannot use force. it doesn't mean that you cannot use force. it simply because someone isn't stabbing you or punching you or shooting at you, it doesn't mean that you can't use force. and that is specifically in the minneapolis police department policy on the nondeadly use of force that we have looked at a couple of times. the use of force is an incredibly difficult analysis. you can't limit it to nine minutes and 29 seconds. it started 17 minutes before that nine minutes and 29 seconds. all of this information has to be taken, you have to look at it from the totality of the circumstances. you have to look at it from the reasonable police officer's standard. you have to take into account

ultimately, seeing derek chauvin being brought away in handcuffs. well, he will have the benefit of a life george floyd will never have. he wasn't led away in handcuffs on his belly. he was allowed to walk away. that's the one image that stays with me. >> we did see police officers take the stand against a member of their own police department, but what would have happened if darnell of frazier did not record that video? would the police story have been resisting arrest? something happened, maybe an overdose of drugs and that's the end of it? >> i think most relevant lee as well would have happened had chief arradondo not set the tone early on, of course it was based on the videotape from darnella frazier, so i think that's hugely significant. something that he just touched on is the most impactful and significant image moving forward that will have a direct impact on police behavior, individual police behavior will be impacted by the image of derek chauvin, being read cuffed and walked into the back to be incarcerated, that is what spurs significan

>> yes. >> including the use of handcuffs? >> yes. >> and when you are handcuffing somebody, when you handcuff them, what is your responsibility as an officer with regard to that person? >> well, could i give you an example? >> okay. well, let me ask you this again. if you, as an officer, according to the training, you handcuffed somebody hine the back, what's your responsibility with regard for that person from that moment on? >> that person is yours. he's your responsibility. his safety is your responsibility. his well-being, and -- is your responsibility. >> once you handcuff somebody, does that affect the amount of force that you should consider using? >> absolutely. >> how so? >> once a person is cuffed the threat level goes down all the way, you know, to -- they're cuffed, how can they really hurt you, you know? and-- >> well, certainly there could be certain circumstances when a cuffed person could still be combative. >> yes, but you getting injured is way down. >> what do you mean by that? >> well, you know, you could

more to policing than putting handcuffs on people and hauling them away. there is other kinds of training for procedural justice. there is defensive training, defensive tactics, and decaselation. all of the training, hundreds and hundreds of hours of training. you bet, but the people who staff the training center, they told you we don't train this. they told you that. the sankty sanctity of life, the protection for all of the public, all of the human beings that make up the public, the defendant, he didn't do that. that day his badge just wasn't in the right place. the defendant was a police officer. he was. and again, you need to set aside the notion that it's impossible for a police officer to do something like this. the defendant is on trial not for being a police officer. he is on trial for what he did. that's what he did on that day. nine minutes and 29 seconds. that's what he did. he didn't follow the training. those hundreds of hours of training that he had, he did not follow the defendants use of force rules. he did not perform cpr, he knew better,

he did not have handcuffs removed until resuscitation started that was the. all the way from when the handcuffs were first applied outside his own vehicle. nelson: immediately in the doorframe of the vehicle. >> yes. nelson: prior to that did you see any videotapes - - tapes of mr. floyd going into squad 320? >> no. nelson: you are asked a series of questions about an affidavit prepared by doctor reay in 2005. are you aware of the intricacies of this litigation? >> no. i have never seen an affidavit before. i have no idea what the litigation is about. nelson: you don't know the context of this document? >> no. nelson: there are a couple of paragraphs he does not retract his position on positional asphyxia. >> correct. nelson: you are asked to skip over couple other paragraphs as well. >> yes. nelson: would it review on - - refresh your recollection to put that into context? >> yes. nelson: what was the context of the statements? >> the context is not specifically stated as to why he was making the statement. nelson: were there other statements he made that yo

but the supervisor put all of that to bed when he said once the handcuffs are on, use of force stops. it is reasonable to expect the person who's being restrained to not continue to move. that's what you want to do if you're trying to get away. this is inherent to police work. he tried to minimize with his supervisor. didn't mention any of that nine or ten minutes. >> stand by for a moment. i want to bring back retired sergeant ron johnson of the missouri state highway patrol. as you know, sergeant, ti shoul say captain ron johnson. two paramedics described seeing floyd totally unresponsive when they first arrived on the scene. have we heard this much detail on the medical response before today? >> no, we have not. there was some strong testimony that it was obvious when they pulled up and really before they started rendering aid, they saw that. they had to move the officer off of mr. floyd, that they had to remove him off of him. you could tell they were doing their best, but i think like you say, giving chest compressions, that's something officers are trained on. those officers had

the handcuffs by both officer shaaban and by officer king how they manipulate the handcuffs and they're pushing the handcuffs into his back and pushing them high then on the other side you have the street so the street is playing a crucial part because he's against the hard ass faults 3 so the way they're pushing down on his handcuffs combined with the street his left side and that's particularly the left side we see that it's like the left side is in a vise it's totally being pushed in squeezed in from each side. but also explained how difficult it would have been for sawyer to brief while being the strained when you have to breathe through such a narrow passage way it's like. breathing through a drinking straw but it's much worse than that because breathing through it thinking straw. and b. it is somewhat unpleasant but not that one person and that it gets much worse than that. so as the space narrows is it more difficult then to breathe through enormously more difficult and we know that from physics let's go live now to minneapolis officers and i'm sure she has been watching proceedi

and it's because of the positioning of the handcuffs at the back then how his manipulated with the handcuffs by both officers sharp and by officer king how the manipulate the handcuffs and their pushing the handcuffs into his back and pushing them high then on the other side you have the street so the street is playing a crucial part because he's against a hard ass false 3 so the way they're pushing down on his handcuffs combined with the street his left side and that's particularly the left side we see that it's like the left side is in a vise it's totally being pushed in squeeze the from each side earlier tobin told the court that the fence will enjoy the system did not affect his ability to breathe during his arrest is testimony was followed by that of a forensic toxicologist who says the level of fentanyl was well below the usual level of people who died from an overdose. how does mr floyd's ratio compare to that in a sat so mr florence ratio is roughly just a little bit below the median ratio in dui so post-mortem cases we know concentrations can be much higher than nor fentanyl concent

, you can see the injury to his wrists from the handcuffs and by pushing with his shoulder and he also has scrapes on his knuckles, his right hand and again, that was from him pushing to try to get to position where he could brace. >> are there photographs that depict what you are describing? >> yes, thank you. >> we have stipulated by way of foundation to the bottles with individual packets for the jurors. >> there's stipulated the graphs shown to you published. we are not going to put everything on theng monitor but everybody will have access to it putting yourself especially a packet with these photographs. these are two years in the courtroom. the exhibit will be delivered. >> the deputy or someone should be the or should i? >> you can. [background noises] [background noises] >> go ahead and start with the examinationsel. [background noises] [background noises] [background noises] will. >> let's make sure everybody -- [inaudible] [background noises] >> each get a copy if they want one. [background noises] [background noises] >> i will give onewa to doctor thomas. >> she can have mi

marks and indicates pressure against handcuffs and again and the outer edge can see there's a little bit where it's darker and then there's some white skin so that's an area where it's actually been scraped the skin has actually been scraped by the handcuffs also and this photograph you can see on the knuckles of his. index finger and middle finger there's some skin that is scraped off and that's consistent with what you can see in the video where he's pushing against i think it's the rim of the car tire or something to try and push his body into a position again where he can breathe. thank you dr thomas you have jurors may put the photographs away if. you. view. how that point of simply. for you to. get involved with. if you could. tell for. them thank you are so so dr thomas haven't looked at this physical evidence from the autopsy was that evidence. and by itself conclusive. no there are multiple ways that scrapes and bruises can happen it's only useful in the context of what. is seen in the video is. was there any evidence to suggest that mr voight was suffering from a potentiall

and that is consistent with handcuff marks. you can also see the outer edge there is some material that is dry skin, that is an area where his skin has been rubbed up from the handcuffs. >> back to exhibit 190, a photograph of his right hand and wrist and in this case you can see more clearly the double lines and indicates pressure against handcuffs. again, on the outer edge you can see that there is a little bit weird starker and then there is some light skin. that is an area where it has been scraped and also on this photograph you can see on the knuckles of his index finger and middle finger there is some skin that has scraped off and that is consistent with what you can see where he is pushing against the rim of the car tire or something to try to push his body into a position where he can breathe. >> if the jurors could please put the photographs away. >> if you could. >> thank you, your honor. okay, having looked at this physical evidence, was that evidence in and of itself conclusive? >> know, there are multiple ways tha

it appeared the police were trying to handcuff him. but they were having a very hard time because he was struggling at 1.1 of the officers said. should we roll him on his side? but they didn't do that. after being on the ground for about eight minutes, the suspect became unresponsive right here, and at that point, they rolled him over and started chest compressions. so michael given all of this as a set up what are your thoughts on what happened here in alameda? well, i too, frank. watch this video number one. i think we asked too much of our police. they're put in situations like this that are just awful. now obviously he had been drinking. did he have some mental issues as he spoke? as i say, i watched this. he seemed to be a little imbalanced. i don't know whether it's from alcohol or from some psychological issues, but we put the police in their situation. they have to make a decision because a homeowner called and said, there's somebody in our front yard. the public part of it talking to himself. now the officers show up. should t

. >> yes an individual is in custody and in handcuffs. nelson: a reasonable police officer would know the officer across the street would not be as much of assistance as he could be as he is approaching. >> yes. if i understand your question, yes. as the officer arrives there, he is in a better position to offer immediate assistance with the handcuffed individual then with the officer who is talking to whomever. nelson: a reasonable police officer will assess a person's words in the context of their actions. agreed? >> i would say words and actions. >> if someone says i will cooperate i will cooperate that's of the words are saying that the actions are not cooperative what is an officer to do in that situation? just believe they will cooperate? >> i think it depends on the situation. no i don't think the officer has to assume at some future point will comply. nelson: and officer again is entitled to use force under the national standards greater than the force to overcome the suspects actions. >> sometimes a here greater that does not mak

handcuffs behind the back? >> yes. >> and additional pressure as well. you being a nonobese, fit person, if someone was pressing down on you, that would sort of take the place of excess body weight, and that could contribute to positional asphyxia, true? >> it's possible. >> and, obviously, the greater the pressure being exerted, the more potential danger of positional asphyxia, fair? >> yes. >> and the dangers of positional asphyxia are a known risk, right? >> yes. >> it's sug know about, true? >> yes. >> it's something you teach in your courses, in training? >> yes. >> you've been in law enforcement, did you say, since 197? >> for 79 years. excuse me, 29 years. >> 29 years. at what point did you become aware of the dangers associated with positional asphyxia? >> probably late '80s. >> so, looking over 30 years that you've been aware of the dangers of positional asphyxia, right? >> yes. >> would you agree that's something that's commonly understood in law enforcement, that this is a known risk? >> yes. >> this is not new information? >> no. >> there are

. >> do you recall were there still handcuffs on mister floyd when he was brought into the emergency department ? >> i don't specifically recall if they were on and he immediately arrived but it would be unlikely because he had the lupus cpr device on and i recall his hands being at his side. >> you recall with his hands and decides whether there wereindentations or marks on his wrist ? >> at the end of the case, yes, after he was declared dead.>> what did you observe in that regard western mart in terms of any indentations on his wrist for markings ? >> i inferred that it was from handcuffs. >> let's talk about then the care you then provided, once the paramedics had brought mister floyd to the emergency department . what did you do? >> so immediately on arrival we reports from the paramedics. mister floyd as we knew him at the time only as an unidentified individual was transferredover to the bed in the emergency department . as i recall, multiple things typically will happen simultaneously in this in these cases but we achieved additional access, i placed interosseous line in his

. >> you see the handcuffs being put on derek chauvin. that meant he would be sent to jail until the sentencing comes down. the sentence will be audited in eight weeks time and then we will know what his sentence is but he has been found guilty on all three charges and the most serious charge, unintentional second-degree murder carries a maximum sentence of 40 years. third-degree murder carries a maximum sentence of five years, second-degree manslaughter carries a maximum sentence of 10 years. there haot been a charge against him before this one but derek chauvin found guilty on all threcharges. the moment he was found guilty, the moment the judge read out those guilty verdicts, there were cheers and applauding outside of the courtroom. you could almost hear them inside the courtroom. i detected a moment where you can start hearing -- here cheering outside. there was interruption from the people who were gathered there. this is unprecedented in the state of minnesota. never before has a way police officer in that state been convicted of k

>> i have a pair of handcuffs he's. >> in the line of your work, you can use the keys to take handcuffs off individuals? >> yes. >> did you provide additional direction to law enforcement officers. >> yes. >> what was that? >> prior to my arrival, they directed him to do chest compressions. >> was that when the chest compressions, upon your direction, was that to your knowledge? >> to my knowledge, chest compressions began when i initiated minneapolis pd. >> was that direction you gave to the officers? >> yes. >> all right, i am going to show in exhibit that's been submitted, 57. all right, walking back, describe what shown here. >> that is the patient on the stretcher, that is me in a paramedic uniform, i am checking for a carotid pulse. >> after your initial check. >> i was reconfirming my initial assessment and still did not have a pulse. >> let's move to exhibit 58, please. what are you doing in exhibit 58? >> checking for a pulse. >> when you say repositioning, tell the jury what you might reposition somebody. >> reposition for airway, reconfirming i need to work on them. >> had an

floyd's arm and you can see the handcuffs and this is the defendants right knee. would you agree that the defendant's right knee is on mr? >> it looks like it is on his shoulder blade area. >> would you clear that, your honor. so, the shoulder blade area that would be his upper back? >> yes. >> you would agree based on exhibit 240 that the defendant, his left knee is on his neck and his right knee is on mr. floyd's back. and i believe that your testimony earlier was that you watched the entirety of the body worn camera video is that true? and you would agree with me that there is a wealth of body worn camera footage in this case. and milestone video and surveillance video and bystander video. so you are able to view as an expert multiple angles. >> true. >> and so with that sort of redundancy built into the record, does that alleviate some of the concerns or considerations i think you were testifying to on your direct examination regarding how cameras react to light? >> yes. >> so, this exhibit, 240, is an image taken and you can see it is 2019:27. that is after t

reduce. >> yes, the handcuffs were not locked. double locked meaning that they were not, they could continue to ratchet tighter as the person moves. >> were you able to hear instances of what you recognize be ratcheting during your reviewof body worn cameras ? >> so is the principal obtained compliance then to understand your testimony you would inflict pain or the purpose of having the subject only your command? >> yes, comply. >> what if there's no opportunity for compliance. >> at that point it's just pain . >> you again observed the entirety of the body worn camera footage. did you see whether the defendant discontinued the use of this pain compliance technique during the restraint period that you define? >> i did and no he did not. >> if you could take that down please. >> sir, you've previously testified about brown versus potter factor, three different factors used in your analysis. >> yes. >> your review of minneapolis police department policy does the minneapolis police department integrates these bram connor factors into

as i talked about this a minute ago, you have to make a decision, is it worth the risk to take the handcuffs off to perform medical procedures. he said there are circumstances that you wouldn't put someone in a recovery position, depending upon the safety of people, including the crowd. while awaiting ems. he described how crowds can make situations chaotic. he says simply because a person is not actively resisting, that does not mean that you cannot use force. it doesn't mean that you cannot use force. simply because someone isn't stabbing you, or punching you, or shooting at you, it doesn't mean that you can't use force. and that is specifically in the minneapolis police department policy on the nondeadly use of force that we've looked at a couple of times. the use of force is an incredibly difficult analysis. you can't limit it to nine minutes and 29 seconds. it started 17 minutes before, that nine minutes and 29 seconds. all of this information has to be taken, you have to look at it from the totality of the circumstances. you have to look at it from the reasonable police officer's stand

. >> you see the handcuffs being put on derek chauvin. that meant he would be sent to jail until the sentencing comes down. the sentence will be audited in eight weeks time and then we will know what his sentence is but he has been found guilty on all three charges and the most serious charge, unintentional second-degree murder carries a maximum sentence of 40 years. third-degree murder carries a maximum sentence of five years, second-degree manslaughter carries a maximum sentence of 10 years. there hasot been a charge against him before this one but derek chauvin found guilty on all three charges. the moment he was found guilty, the moment the judge read out those guilty verdicts, there were cheers and applauding outside of the courtroom. you could almost hear them inside the courtroom. i detected a moment where you can start hearing -- here cheering outside. there was interruption from the people who were gathered there. this is unprecedented in the state of minnesota. never before has a way police officer in that state been convicted o

since he sustained an injury in handcuffs. >> right. likewise, when a suspect dies in police custody, you don't do a use of force review. >> right. >> and you did not do a use of force review in this case, did you? >> no. >> you talked about when it became a critical incident, the officers ended up at room 100 down at city hall. i think you initially said it was the courthouse, but you're talking about city hall across the street? >> yes, i said it wrong. >> that's a room maintained by the minneapolis police administration, right? >> right. >> that's where any involved officers go during a critical incident? >> yes. >> officers involved or potentially witnesses to a critical incident. >> correct. >> and you understand that the four-involved officers were each individually transported to room 100, right? >> i believe that was the case. >> you referenced that at that point kind of the critical incident policy takes over and certain things have to happen pursuant to the critical incident policy, right? >> yes. >> a whole host of things hav

what about that photograph, the video derek chauvin having those handcuffs put on him, in those final moments in the courtroom before leaving that courtroom. is that the kind of message those handcuffs on that former police officer, is that the message that gets through to bad cops? >> there are again, you know, i'd like to say everybody counts. but everybody is accountable. and certainly that includes the men and women in a profession that i spent 27 years in. you know, i think a lot of arrests, every officer does. and to see a former police officer being led away in handcuffs, certainly gets everyone's attention. but you better believe it gets the attention of the men and women who do that job. it gets the attention of everybody, all of the officers, but those -- the battle on, as the ones we should never have been hired in the first place, the ones who don't have the mind or the heart to do the job, you got to believe that image, that got their attention. >> politicians posture over their support for police all the time and it happens in congress, as you well know. it seemed to hap

chauvin was then led out of the courtroom in handcuffs. >>oyd' famil andws.nt . >>t's b a lg jone day,e are able bathe again. >> reporter: prosecutor jerry blackwell. >> now, no verdict can bring george perry floyd back to us. but this verdict does give a message to his family that he mo that his life mattered. >> reporter: thousands of people were here in downtown minneapolis, cheering when that guilty verdict was read. some of the people that we spoke with say that now they hope a better conversation can come about how to better improve the relationship between law enforcement and the community. >> guilty! >> this is a start. definitely, i just thank god and minnesota for the truth. >> reporter: president biden spoke with the floyd family. >> i wish i was there around you. >> reporter: and the nation that change is on the way. >> to the family's pain, they're finding purpose, so george's legacy will not just be about his death, but a w we iismory. >> reporter: the judge is expected to sentencetrial the officers charged in floyd's death is expected in august. th

. >> once you handcuff somebody, does that affect the amount of force that you should consider using? >> absolutely. >> how so? >> once a person is cuffed, the threat level goes down all the way. you know, to -- they're cuffed. how can they really hurt you, you know? and -- >> certainly there could be circumstances when a cuffed person could still be combative? >> oh, absolutely. yeah. yeah. but you getting injured is way down. >> what do you mean by that? >> well, you know, if if you're -- you could have some guy try to kick you or something. but you can move out of the way. that person is handcuffed. you know? and they -- the threat level is just not there. >> so by handcuffing somebody, you've taken way some of their ability to harm you? >> absolutely. >> and if somebody who is handcuffed becomes less combative, does that change the amount of force that an officer is to use under the poll i >> yes. >> how so? >> if they become less combative, you may just have them sit down on the curb or -- the idea is to calm the person down. and if it they are not a threat to you at that point,

>> yes. >> officer trained that if cpr is needed to remove handcuffs first, right? >> correct. >> and use caution because the subject may revive agitated and ready to fight? >> correct. >> you've had that training? >> yes. >> you've had that experience where someone was rendered unconscious, is revived and fight you more? >> not that they -- they passed out and then they came to come you. >> and then they fight you more? >> yes. >> looking at what is already in evidence, the 2019 use of force manual, slide 41. this is what we are talking about in terms of the prone armed control, right? >> yes. >> use a photograph year officers in the appears to be across into the shoulder blades and between the shoulder blades and across the head and neck area of the person, right? >> yes, as he is attempting to handcuff the person. >> your honor, , not an objectin but -- [inaudible] >> 2019 use the force. >> sorry. i am referring to date stamp 21464, 2019 offensive tactic that you introduced. >> if we could just take a brief pause. sorry, your honor. [inaudible conversations] [ina

the back and the handcuff is to be double locked. >> your honor, could we have a side bar? >> sure. >>> i'm john king in washington, you're watching a quick side bar conversation here during testimony in the derek chauvin trial. the prosecution is questioning lieutenant johnny mercel, a training officer at the academy. very compelling testimony, they showed the photo of then officer chauvin kneeling on the neck of george floyd and the lieutenant said no, that was not authorized, especially in these cases right here. the lawyer having a side bar with the judge. let's bring in our analysts who have been watching throughout. laura coates, and charles ramsey also with us. laura, the testimony just moments ago from lieutenant mercel, when they showed the picture of officer chauvin kneeling there -- hold on, just -- they're going to take a break in the court right now. the judge has just announced the morning break, and the court -- so laura coates, lieutenant mercel was the training officer, he went through the regimen, and right in the end, when they brought up the very disturb

after the defendant kneeling on mr floyd for 9 minutes and 29 seconds in the dangerous prone position handcuff restraint pressing down on him that after that. is he was writhing in pain and suffering that that's not even the use of force does no force there because it's not likely to produce pain a witness testified. you're not required to believe something that just flies in the face of common sense to believe that you would have to completely abandon all the notion of common sense not likely to produce pain you don't have to accept someone who says that you'd be better off asking the one. you're not required to accept the proposition that the car did it but the car killed churchill it you're not required to accept or to consider that it is the bystanders fault for distracting the defendant you're not required to believe this amazing coincidence that after this 9 minute 29 2nd pro her strain that at that point in time even though he was walking and talking even though he was breathing interacting with people that he chose that moment to die heart disease and diet heart disease that common sen

they can tend to tighten up on a person so you want to be mindful of the handcuffs. >> does double locking prevented the tightening? >> it prevents them from coming undone. >> there are several different positions an officer can be in when they are handcuffed. >> the officer can be in many different positions relative to the subject. >> yes, sir. >> standing, prone. i would like you to describe what the techniques are that are used to prone the handcuffed subjects. >> we want to make sure that we isolate an arm and a lot of times we teach the officers to use their me to control their shoulder, generally put one on each side of the arm so one on the shoulder and one in the middle of the back and then isolate their arm for handcuff. a lot of times when you do the prone handcuffing you do that with a partner preferably and it makes it easier to control a person. >> if someone is handcuffed and you are using your knee on their back or shoulder to gain control, and do you leave it there for an extended period of time? >> it depends on the circumstances. you can leave it depending on the resista

>> no. >> you were asked about handcuffs, if handcuffs are not properly locked, can they tighten? >> yes. >> can they loosen? >> i'm sorry? >> if they are properly connected, can they loosen? i mean, open. but if they are locked can they still tighten? >> that's right. >> if you're not i think the term is double locked. >> yes, correct. >> based on your review of the body cans did you see any need for officers showman to improvise by putting his the on mr. floyd for nine minutes and 29 seconds? >> no, i did not -- officers shaman. >> i have nothing further, your honor. >> any regress? >> no, your honor. >> you may step down. counsel, sidebar. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] >> members of the jury, that's going to do it for today so we're going to release you. we will return hopefully to start 9:15 a.m. monday. we have a motion before that that we have to deal with so it might be 930 9:30 but let'st for night 15, all right? thank you and have a good weekend. [inaudible conversations] >> that concludes the first week of the trial of former minneapolis police offi

there's more to policing than putting handcuffs on people and hauling them away, to be true, right? there's other kind of training. there's procedural justice. there's crisis intervention training. there's medical training. and there's defensive tactics and there's de-escalation. all of this training, hundreds, hundreds of hours of training. you met the people who staff the training center and they told you, we don't train this. they told you that. the sanctity of life and the protection of public, those are the cornerstones of minneapolis police department's use of force policy. the protection of the public, all of the public, all of the human beings that make up the public. the defendant, he didn't do that because that day his badge just wasn't in the right place. the defendant was a police officer. he was. and, again, you need to set aside the notion that it's impossible for a police officer to do something like this. the defendant is on trial not for being a police officer, it's not the state versus the police. he's not on trial for who he was. he's on trial for what he did. tha