warmed and the western side cooled causing the cool waters off east africa to have dried out the region after studying the cores the team of scientists ran computer simulations that a race the east and west temperature differences and showed what might have happened if the temperatures were the same along the equator across the indian ocean the result was the simulation of a shutdown of a type of atmospheric circulation that made east africa wetter than it is today the medical is careful to point out that the cause and source of the change in ocean temperatures is still unknown needs further study regardless we may now i know what was responsible for the environmental changes that evolved humans from tree to ours to our modern form capable of standing upright and running across the grass covered savannas. is just. it's the good the bad in the very very crass a ling. and lee ugly their good us district judge carl barbier or maybe it's barbie a judge barbie a ruled wednesday that b.p. and one of its minority partners in the blown up well side of the deepwater horizon explosion are liable

all of which is donated to children in east africa. the project is overseen by free the children japan. a nonprofit organization based in tokyo. the group's headquarters is in canada. their mission is to help free children from poverty and hard labor. the japanese branch opened in 1999. while adults handle the clerical work, most of the fundraising activity is carried out by volunteers aged 18 or under. over the past 13 years, the japanese branch has collected funds to build schools and libraries in india, the philippines and mongolia. one project to collect postcards helped to feed children in africa. >> translator: i joined this group because i thought it was a great idea that kids are doing something to help other kids in need around the globe. >> reporter: the chocolate project was put in motion three years ago. children are involved at all stages from designing the packaging to filling the bags. the chocolate is supplied at cost directly from a major candy manufacturer. the goal is to sell 4,000 bags by june. they are hoping to pr

all of which is donated to children in east africa. the project is overseen by free the children japan. a nonprofit organization based in tokyo. the group's headquarters is in canada. their mission is to help free children from poverty and hard labor. the japanese branch opened in 1999. while adults handle the clerical work, most of the fundraising activity is carried out by volunteers aged 18 or under. over the past 13 years, the japanese branch has collected funds to build schools and libraries in india, the philippines and mongolia. one project to collect postcards helped to feed children in africa. >> translator: i joined this group because i thought it was a great idea that kids are doing something to help other kids in need around the globe. >> reporter: the chocolate project was put in motion three years ago. children are involved at all stages from designing the packaging to filling the bags. the chocolate is supplied at cost directly from a major candy manufacturer. the goal is to sell 4,000 bags by june. they are hoping to pr

the profit is $3, all of which is donated to children in east africa. the project is overseen by free the children japan, a nonprofit organization based in tokyo. the group's headquarters is in canada. their mission is to help free children from poverty and hard labor. the japanese branch opened in 1999. while adults handle clerical work, most of the fund-raising activity is carried out by volunteers, aged 18 or under. over the past 13 years, the japanese branch collected funds to build schools and libraries in india, the philippines, and mongolia. one project to collect postcards help feed children in africa. >> i joined this group because i thought it was a great idea that kids are doing something to help other kids in need around the globe. >> the chocolate project was put in motion three years ago. children are involved at all stages, from designing packaging to filling the bags. the chocolate is supplied at cost, directly from a major candy manufacturer. the goal is to sell 4,000 bags by june. they are hoping to provide food aid to 1300 children wh

the middle east and north africa will drive an economic rejuvenation to the region. but we must also look to the wider picture. global energy consumption cannot be ignored and the middle east has a vital role in obtaining a secure supply of energy to the world's market. it's predicted unchecked global demands for energy will reach over 17 billion tons of oil equivalent, some 40% of current reduction. meeting this demand while simultaneously tackling the climate change is one challenge of our time, but we need a stable energy. how we achieve it is the key. the middle east has always played a major role in meeting global energy demand, and this is not going to change. production of hydrocarbons needs to increase, and iraq and libya are leading the way. it should be the lifeblood that drives economic regeneration, not just on their borders after years of oppression, but across the global community. the industry as a whole is creating new opportunities in unconventional hydrocarbon and renewable energy sources. the rejuvenation of natural gas production in the u.s. has t

to the contrary, in east africa, drought and famine. so i would like to extend my sincere condolences and sympathy to the victims of all those natural disasters. we talk about march 11, at the tsunami and the nuclear power accident. japan has faced tremendous difficulties. but with your compassion and support and encouragement, japan is now on the the way to recovery and reconstruction. [applause] thank you very much. thank you. with your determination and prayers, and again, support and friendship and from you, we will overcome this tremendous difficulty. thank you is again for your help, and thank you. [applause] i would like to extend my gratitude to the mayor. thank you. >> what a beautiful tree, and while we have the children gathering, i want to read one of the minute -- many wishes we got on the origami. it says i wish for a world for our children more just, more fair, and more kind than the one we know now, president barack obama. [applause] i think they're just about gathered. you will tell me when. this is the chinese-american

the united states has military bases dating back to the cold war in europe and asia the middle east africa all over the world and we're running a deficit of ten percent of our gross national product and quite frankly we can't afford any longer in my judgment to continue to carry this enormous burden of defending forty or fifty countries around the world and so i think we're going to have to dismantle these bases we're going to have to return back from asia come back from the middle east and south asia and i think we'll have to bring the troops home from europe you were writing and speaking out extensively about the bush era in iraq crusade under the banner of ending terror name in the world do you think that crusade is still on or the idea that we're going to end tyranny in the world is utterly utopian we never are we've had tyrants from time immemorial and what the united states should do in my judgment in its foreign policies is build a defense establishment strong enough to protect our vital interests and our vital allies and when problems arise whether it's in zimbabwe or somewhere els

people in north africa and the middle east are marking the anniversaries of their protests. their protests for democracy and accountability from their leaders. for some these anniversaries have been celebrations of a break of a troubled past. for others, a reminder that progress remains very elusive. in syria, the world continues to bear witness to the violent repression by the assad regime against the syrian people. as tragedy unfolds daily, bringing with it an increasing death toll. after the regrettable veto and the security council by russia and china earlier this month, the u.n. general assembly voted overwhelmingly as did the united states senate to condemn the syrian regime's brutal use of force against civilians. during this upheaval, our government must pay special attention to serious weapons of mass destruction. in egypt, the difficult transition to a democratic civilian government has been marked by changing timelines, protests and sectarian violence. given this tentative transition, when resources are -- or what resources should be spent on building institutions

here's our east africa correspondent, will ross. >> two ugandan men living in exile. they told me they were forced to flee to kenya after being physically attacked for being gay. still fearing repercussions, they did not want their identities revealed. >> people screaming, oh, you need to kill me, they walk into my house, so that's when the police came for intervention. >> and you saw this mob shouting, "we want to kill you." what sort of people were in that group? >> all men, women. >> women as well? >> yeah, just screaming for my blood. >> he told me when he went to record a statement with the police, he was jailed, humiliated, and abused. and what did the police say to the other people who were locked up in the cell when they took you in? >> he's gay. he loves fellow men. oh, you love fellow men, you're gay, so we should treat you that way. so i was abused by almost 50 people in that room. >> so they were beating you up? >> beating me up. >> and they sexually abused you? >> yeah. >> there's strong support for an anti-homosexuality bill, which calls for life impriso

we also have encouraged greater regional integration, like the development in east africa of a common market among some of the countries. we would like to see that all over the continent. if african nations would open up their borders to one another, if they would trade with one another, knock down barriers, if they would develop transportation networks, that would add dramatically to the ability of africans to reap economic benefits. the final thing i would say is probably no part of the world has benefited more from the advance in information technology, particularly wireless technology, especially mobile phones in africa. so we have a lot of interesting initiatives under way to help people do mobile banking, to help them get linked into the futures markets on their mobile phone, just all kinds of really innovative ways that we have promoted both from outside, but also from within by running contests for young african entrepreneurs. so i could go on for a long time. it is a very important part of our agenda for africa. >> thank you, madam secretary. and let me transition then to the

our east africa correspondent, will ross, is there. >> the royal visitor stepped off into the hot sunshine of nairobi. no one knew then what the girl would arrive here as princess elizabeth and would leave again five days later as queen. >> this place is extremely significant for the british royal family. of course, a lot has changed in the last 60 years. back in 1952, this was a british colony. princess elizabeth and prince philip came here. they were stopping off on their way to australia. they came to see the animals. >> and from her car, the princess took many feet of film with her camera. >> they stayed in what was a very, very basic tree house, which stood right here. unfortunately, it's been destroyed. it was destroyed in 1954 during the rebellion, the rebellion against clonism that led to the independence of kenya. the very well known story is that, at night, princess elizabeth went up the ladder to sleep. during that night, her father, king george vi, died, so she went up the ladder a princess, and she came down in the morning a queen. just after arriving here, the princess and pr

north africa on our website dot com. but the debt ridden e.u. has suffered another blow from ratings agencies moody's has downgraded the debt ratings of six e.u. states including vulnerable portugal italy and spain it comes as the walk struggles to prevent greece from default by offering ballot outs in return for more austerity but are just jacob greaves reports now more and more greeks feel the measures will only make things worse. system under siege m.p.'s drowned out the pleas of tens of thousands of demonstrators amassed within a short passing another round of unpopular cuts. the results proved incendiary. uganda protests turned violent as protesters including fringe anarchists clashed with police again leaving their mark on athens. a day on this is the remnants of public anger but glass isn't the only thing that's been broken as the government's past increasingly unpopular austerity cuts before we left asking who can they trust serve their interests to measures that are very very tough part of the poor people especi

i truly fully share your perspective and the goals in the middle east and north africa which will make sure that we have tools and flexibility needed to act proactively and take advantage of opportunities when they arise. i look forward to continuing make sure that you have those tools and also to try to ascertain the best way forward with respect to the north supp change and the continued hopes that we all share for a renewed effort in the middle east peace process. we all know the difference that the united states can make. our efforts to vaccinate children, combat climate change, engage at-risk youth, promote core u.s. national security interests, our global presence also does something else. it creates jobs. through loans and multilateral forums we lift the economies of low-income countries and simultaneously and this is important for americans to understand in terms of our own interests, we open markets for american businesses and recognize the connections between promoting our business and creating jobs elsewhere. energetic imperative for america and not a favor we do for other c

africa. dubai's leaders recognize the strength of that. dubai has been one of the main ports in the persian gulf for centuries. ships sailing their precious goods through these waterways, building trade links and creating an international transport hub for the region today these routes are being reborn and rebuilt from the sea to the sky. now the government has put aviation at the heart of its growth strategy. not just by launching emirates by supporting and expanding dubai's airports. nearly 50 million people a year pass through its three terminals, making it the world's fourth busiest international airports with passenger numbers growing at a rate of more than 15% each year, the airport hopes to become the busiest in the world by 2015. greater traffic to dubai's airports brings more people into the city boosting the overall economy. >> we were so well connected, we were able to continue trading as an airline, perhaps less reliant on what was happening in dubai, but it was very important to

elsewhere across the middle east and north africa those pushing for change are confronting ruler elites, tribal divisions lashgs of experience with democracies, stalled economic development. military and security force resistance and regional power initiatives. these are fluid political environments that offer opening for extremists to participate more assertive manically in pol life. places like tunisia, egypt or libya have to reconstruct among complex negotiations among competing factions. nowhere is this transition i believe more important than in egypt, which i think will be a bellwether and is so strategically important because of its size, location and, of course, the peace treaty that it now has with israel. in syria regime and social divisions are prolonging internal struggles and could turn domestic upheavals into regional crises. in yemen although a political transition is under way, the security situation continues to be marred by violence, and fragmentation of the kunlt is a real possibility. as the ancient roman once observed, the best day after a bad emperor is the first.

africa, not south africa. rick perry said that he believed that ronald reagan was looking down from heaven and might be tempted to believe in reincarnatoin of jimmy carter. herman cain comes out and blames gutter politics for the fact that he allegedly pushed his hand up a woman's security and ended up forcing her head toward his groin. so you have one guy who knows nothing about geography, another who knows nothing about cure at the -- courtesy. >> here is what rand paul had to say. >> to be fair the president doesn't hate all rich people, just those who don't contribute to his campaign. i have another question. another question for the president. do you hate poor people? or do you just hate people with jobs? >> does anybody believe this stuff? >> this is the problem. this is no way to broaden and build a party. the republican party has a core problem and it's this. barack obama won the white house in 2008 having lost the white vote by 11.6 million voters. the reason he won anyway was because he won non-white

i am here today to talk about a different part of the world, the middle east and north africa, they've seen me from one momentous change. it's well represented and encourage a positive outcome in the region. today i like to share the government perspective and hopes on the impact of this movement to the energy security. that eruption of democracy movements across the middle east and north africa is even in these early stages the most important political development of the 21st century. with potential long-term consequences greater than the global financial crisis in 2008 and historic change which at its core is about people demanding their rights. a year ago to this very day the crowds were gathering the eighth consecutive day in the square. over 100,000 protesters their bravery and their beliefs and space rights as a date around the world. ten days later president mubarak announced he was moving to chicago. but his act would become a defining moment. the naked optimism in the west reflected in the air with that of the art of spring has been ebbing. commentators suggest the spurring ha

it keeps major -- funds to middle east and north africa incentive fund to promote democracy and good governments. the proposal maintains billions in spenlding on international health projects including aids. the briefing is just getting under way. we'll have coverage on c-span3. >> they are going to speak briefly, take a few questions. deputy secretary has to run. he's traveling to iraq later today. but following the briefing, we do invite to you join us across the hall where we're going to have an on background discussion in greater detail if any of you need to indulge your inner wonk on some of these issues. without further ado. >> thank you all very much. good morning. let me start by welcoming you today to the rollout of the 2013 budget request from the state department and usaid. i know tomorrow is valentine's day. i was going to actually give some of you flowers, others chocolate, but because of budget constraints what i've done is given you this very, very pretty book. you can take it home with you and enjoy it. it's just considered a very nice prevalentine's day present. i th

and then, of course, the markets are moving towards east on europe and long term, i think odds are africa is an area which should be considered because only 20% of africa's farmland is used today. and we have already 1 billion people living in africa. and this population will double through 50z. so there is a need for food security and for modern farming. >> how do you beat the conundrum or the box that africa is in? they need the food. they have the land. they have the population. but they don't have the money to buy expensive equipment like yours. >> well, actually, you need to talk to the guys, you need to talk to politicians, which we did last week. i think the solution has to be somewhat tailor-made for the various countries. we talk about africa, but it's actually a big continent divided into many, many countries. and what we plan to do -- that's what we already do this year -- we go there with pilots, demonstration farms where we teach farmers modern farming. and i think money is not the biggest problem because you have so much aid money going into africa. you just need to use knit

and every case in the middle east and north africa are unique in itself, the demands is the same, and the process is the same. but the countries are different. egypt is egypt, libya tunisia, they are almost, all arab people, while in iraq or syria, you have much more diversified societies. the army's structures are different. egyptian army has different tradition than syrian army or libyan army. each case is unique, but the demands of the young generation is same and one for all. and our approach to this transformation, it's the same, but in each case, we had different diplomatic matters to help with the practice. today, in syria, what we tried to do is, unique as compared to egypt and libya or tunisia, first of all, let me say, last month when i went to tehran, before going there, i gave a press conference, and a statement, we said we don't want to have cold war structures in our region, cold war tensions, a new cold war polarization in our country. and today when the resolution was vetoed i repeated the same, we do not want to see new cold war logic rising in our region. what did i

embassies in east africa. but, it had been believed for years that he was being held, if you will, house arrest inside iran, that essentially he was under the protection of the iranian revolutionary guard corp. house arrest technically in iran. the iranians had promised to keep an eye on him. but still, certainly not in detention by any stretch. so if this is all confirmed in the coming hours that somehow he went from iran to pakistan to dubai into cairo back into egypt, his nationality, he is an egyptian, it is going to be very interesting to determine what role iran played in this. did they let him out of the country, did he escape? not very likely. the iranians keep a pretty close eye on these things. so how did he get out of iran? that's going to be the interesting question. we can tell you right now u.s. officials are very aware of the reports coming out of egypt. they know about the statements about this arrest made by the egyptian interior ministry officials. still, they tell us they are working to inde

east and north africa. you see the surrounding now of israel. the question is, and i know it's not -- there's no simple answer, how do you stop iran from becoming nuclear? how do you stop it. >> you have a two-pronged approach. number one, you try to destabilize the government. you work with pro democracy movements, you work to weaken their economy, you weaken their hold on power. and you do the best you can. >> and they will clamp down. >> they are -- they have clamped down in the past and we have done nothing about it. we sort of sat on the sidelines. but there is -- there's a huge reservoir of pro american sentiment in iran. there's a huge reservoir. these are educated folks. this is, you know -- this is not a back woods, you know, tribal type of society. this is not afghanistan. these are folks who are very well educated and, in fact, can organize and do something i believe dramatic in turning that government around if they had sufficient support from the united states and the international community. s

he's taken tours through asia, europe, the middle east and africa. now he's wearing the mantle of statesman on a visit to the u.s. capital. >> translator: china and the united states are playing more important roles for the world's peace and stability. >> reporter: still the two powers don't always get along. chinese government leader sees the trip as an opportunity to change that. >> translator: xi's visit to the u.s. gives us a precious opportunity to advance the mutual trust. >> reporter: chinese president visited the u.s. a decade ago before he became leader he too wanted to raise his profile. he dined with politicians and leaders. xi learned some lessons from that trip. he returned to iowa, a state he visited 27 years ago. here he reconnected with people he met at the time. xi wants to create an ambience of friendship. >> translator: china hopes xi's visit will dismantle a kind of distorted image of china that the u.s. media has built. >> reporter: xi may have a tough time doing that. organizers have restricted access to the media and no press c