this hasn't changed since the vietnam war. we have regular annual exercises with the thais and other regional armies, but they hold them every year in thailand. and many of the thai officers trained in the united states and have contacts with the american counterparts here. so, that hasn't changed from the vietnam war. there was a brief souring of thai-u.s. relations at the war's conclude but it was momentary. most of the team we have had close relations with thailand. >> host: why is it important to know about the thai involvement in vietnam? >> guest: there's a couple reasons. thailand had the third largest army in south vietnam that the war was underway. after the united states and south korea. thailand saw this war as a direct threat to themselves. they were a regional power in a regional war. they didn't necessarily see that it was america's war. they saw it as something that would directly affect them, and it did. at times we tend to cop send trait on south vietnam, but a lot of the fighting was going on in laos and many

they were not going to defeat north vietnam. they were not even going to invade north vietnam. what they were going to do is preserve south vietnam. that is the most they could hope for and they weren't even sure about that. so it was in 60 bitty bites the bullet. january 1st 1965 united states has around 23,000 troops. they are called military advisers. this is about 7000 more in the 6000 more than the 16 or 17,000 that were there in november 1963 when kennedy was assassinated. this piece of the year he's increased in 16 or 17,000 to 23,000. this is a considerable percentage increase, but not a lot of people appeared they were supposedly not in combat. the only comment that occurred mr. in the gulf of tonkin crisis in august of 1964 when johnson retaliated by bombing north vietnamese installations. but that lasted only two days. during the campaign he acted as they were the moderate vietnam, which is easy to do since goldwater was very much of an issue. so you cannot read it in january january 65. the situation is the same, but on february 7 is arrayed by vietcong in the north

were not going to win or defeat or invade north vietnam. but they were going to do if they could was to preserve the independence in south viet nam and that is the most they could hope for and they were not even sure about that. it was in 65 that he bites the bullet and in january 1st, 1965, the united states has around 23,000 troops. they are called military advisers and this was about 7,000 mark the 6,000 more in the 16 or 17,000 they were there in november of 1963 when kennedy was assassinated in the space of a year he has increased from 16 to 17,000 to 23,000. this is a considerable percentage increase but it's not a lot of people. they're not in combat. the only combat that had occurred was during the gulf tonkin crisis in august 64 when johnson retaliated by bombing the north vietnamese but that lasted for only two days. during the campaign he acted as if he were the reasonable moderate in vietnam which was easy to do since goldwater was very much a hawk on the issue. he's inaugurated in january of '65. the situation is the same but t

>> they were a very close ally during the vietnam war. people familiar would know that not only did thailand send troops to fight along the united states, but also served as a base for many aircraft for bombing missions over ho chi minh trail, over laos and at the time we had built seven their bases and developed a port as well to facilitate the u.s. effort and also many soldiers went to bangkok and in terms of support thailand was the close ally. >>host: did they have soldiers? >> absolutely. they spent 37 -- cent to 37,000 soldiers to fight in vietnam also they sent smaller naval units but definitely fighting and working with the united states and south vietnamese. >>host: what about casualties? >> 500 + that died in south vietnam while fighting the the it can't -- vietcong. it is important because of those who don't know 10 to dismiss them as the insulting term is america and mercenaries because we paid for the military part where but for four years thailand would carry out the war and what they saw as their war in south vietnam's. cas

it wasn't just vietnam. but others -- most of them it was, this was a bad war. >> host: now, there's a culture transformation as we talked about earlier, that takes place and that's the hardest transition i have to find. i know that by '66 or '67 certain things are going to happen with music. ey wi know what's going to happen with the war. but the change does seem to take place by the end of '65. in other words, is it the war? is it the escalation of the war that leads to the song "eve of destruction"? is it a war-driven -- in other words, is it the escalation? >> guest: well, you're right, it was that song, and it talked about selma, talked about race, talked about nuclear weapons and talked about vietnam, and it had -- a loud soundtrack with guns booming, hit the top half the hit parade in september of 1965 and was a popular song throughout the end of the year, and it was one of the very first songs, popular songs, which was both antiwar and popular. and if you listen to it, it's hard to see why. not much

soldier return to vietnam to return a notbook he took from a soldier he killed during the north vietnam war. >>> joining us now on booktv is author and professor wayne karlin who most recent book is "wandering soul." professor karlin who was homer? >> he is a friend of mine who retired living in north carolina. he was a officer platoon leader in the vietnam war. and he had contacted me a number of years ago because i had some contacts in vietnam vietnamese i had been working with, he had taken a documents and a book from the body of an vietnamese soldier he killed during the war. and wanted to see if he could find a family and return those documents to this them. >> why. he had gone through decades of ptsd, not only because he killed that man, he had a rough war, he killed many people he had seen many of his own men killed, went through a lot of the pat earns that people tend to go through with post-traumatic stress, an adrenaline junkie. he wrecked card, he -- cars, had had a hard time forming relationships. he got married kind of late and his wife was a army brat and seen he was going

voting rights act, the summer race riots and the deployment to vietnam. he discusses the year with the word university modern history professor scott. .. >> they like to talk about the 20s our the '90s and sometimes it works. in the thirties you can do that but mostly it does not work or the 60 is. if you look back to the early '60s through 64 or the kennedy assassination, so much of daily life and popular culture, politics the way people dress seem like the '50s. with the '60s we think turmoil, urban riots riots, vietnam, rock concert its in dae became convinced of you should not talk about them where the sixties start which is what i have done. >> did you feel your world change around do? >> a little bit. i started teaching 1964 and i was very busy preparing courses. we have assigned december 1964. i was not paying a lot of attention to what was going on but was impossible on a university campus not to be aware of those that were developing a. well not particularly severe they became that way in a couple of years and in march of 1965 arrival of indiana

. >> the coast guard and vietnam. the coast guard played a significant role in the war in vietnam. whether you remember it that way or not, we'll tell you how some veterans are being honored today. thank you for helping.. as e raise money for the americad cross and victims of hurrice sandy.. and no >> we raise money for the american red cross and victims of hurricane sandy and now victims of the nor'easter, as well. and to donate, call the number on your screen, 1-888-5-helps- u. "...we got through the first one, we can get through anything",, [ female announcer ] this is a special message from at&t. [ male announcer ] it's no secret that the price of things just keeps going up. [ female announcer ] but we have some good news. it's our bundle price promise. [ male announcer ] a price you can definitely count on, for two whole years. from at&t. [ female announcer ] a great price for a great triple-play bundle. [ male announcer ] call now. bundles with u-verse tv, internet and home phone start at $89 a month. now get the same great price for two years. [ female announcer ] switch tod

the vietnam war feels very present. this is not surprising. the war, arguably america's longest war, shook the foundations of society. it reached into nearly every american home through military service, through participation and protest movements b # and even through television sets as everyday citizens and their leaders debated the merits of u.s. intervention in the far off place in southeast asia. by the war's end, 56,000 american lives lost and the nation nearly torn us under. no wonder why it doesn't seem like ancient history. for me, as a vietnam-american, the feeling that the veal nawm war just transpired is more pal pble, although my parents, who are here today, rarely talked about the lives in vietnam, and here, i can just imagine my mom saying, no, the past is in the past, why bring up sad memories while my father would admonish me, just focus on the present and get your homework done. i was, though, finally able to piece together what happened to my family in 1975. in fact, and i know this will make my parents sound like typical wor

as we mark the 50th anniversary of the vietnam war, we have secured new disability benefits for vietnam-era veteran, exposed to agent orange. you needed it, you fought for it, and we got it done [applause] that's what we do in america. we take care of our own. we take care of our veterans. we take care of your families. not just by saluting you on one day, once a year. but by fighting for you and your families every day, of every year. that's our obligation. a sacred obligation to all of you. it's an obligation that we gladly accept, for americans like petty officer tailor morris. six months, taylor was serving our nation in afghanistan, as a member of an explosive ordnance explosive team, his job was one of the most dangerous, to lead the way through a territory littered with explosives, to clear the way for his brothers in arms. on may 3, out on patrol, taylor stepped on an ied. the blast threw him into the air. when he hit the ground, taylor realized both his legs were gone and his left arm: and his right hand. but as taylor lay there, fully conscious, bleeding to death, he cautioned the

>> i think lbj was very reluctant about vietnam. he was ambivalent about it from the very beginning. i think that there are a couple of phone conversations. the crown jewel of the lbj library. 643 hours of recordings of his phone conversation. there are two in particular. to that really illuminate how he felt. the first was with richard russell, who i mentioned earlier, who had said, you know, if this burden were thrust on me, mr. president, i would decline to fight the war in vietnam. and it just seems like another thing and lbj said i have been thinking the same way ever since i came to office. and george bundy, his national security adviser, lbj talked about laying awake all night and thinking about the war. and he said that it is ..what is beyond me? what is vietnam to this country? and he realizes. it is of no great consequence to the united states. it doesn't mean much. except for the fact that if you do not stave off communist insurgencies, there is a good possibility that the communists would take more grounded or embolden t

he had been working on it ever since he came home from vietnam. "matterhorn: the story of a yung second lieutenant leading a rifle platoon of 40 marines on a remote jungle hill." critics called it "a powerhouse -- tense, brutal honest," "unforgettable," "moving and intense." karl marlantes has now written a second book, a nonfiction memoir and meditation on what it is like to go to war. read it and you will be closer than you can imagine to the mind and heart of the warrior in battle and after. karl marlantes, welcome. >> it's nice to be here, thank you. >> i haven't been sure about how to start this interview. i've never been to war. i've never looked a man in the eye who was trying to kill me and kill him before he could. i'm not even sure that i can ask a question that doesn't strike you as banal, against your experience. i guess what i'm saying is that there's this divide between the warrior and the rest of us and that divide can't really be crossed, can it? >> no. but i think that what has to change is this inhibition that we all feel about a

. >>> still ahead in this half hour a soldier story, a vietnam vet comes to washington to honor the men he left behind. >> only a couple degrees higher today but without the wind, it felt more pleasant. officially 58 and 39 go in the books, averages still 61 and 43, record high 79 and the record low 26. we'll come back, talk about the weekend, let you know if the 70s are still headed our way. >> plus new york finds a way to help ease long lines at the gas pump, those stories and more just ahead. >>> it's good if you have an odd license plate in new york city on this first day of gas rationing in new york city and long island. cars are supposed to fill up on alternate days and so far it appears to be working. >> i think it's great. it's moving great. >> i've been in line hours before this odds and evens. now the line is only five minutes long. >> so new jersey started rationing last weekend after superstorm sandy disrupted fuel deliveries and created long lines at the pump. state officials say they are suing several stations for price gouging. some owners were charging 59 cents more per

korea, vietnam iraq afghanistan, it is harder to know what success looks like. it is harder for generals to claim success. especially when you rotate people. it is jury easy to say i was successful and the guy after me blew it. there are ways of seeing what is successful. it is clear to me that general petraeus was more successful in iraq than the three generals that came before him. he took prudent risks. he had to unnerve -- 100,000 fighters $3 million a month. they did not surrender they kept their weapons, they kept the areas of operation. they stopped killing americans. he got a set of iraq. that is six? -- that is success. we can measure success. as the congress, as a people, the media does not understand the military, it is hard to accountable. because we cannot judge professional competence, we judge table for their sex lives. tavis: we thank all of our military veterans on this veterans day. thomas ricks author. good to have you on this program. that is our show for tonight. keep the faith. >> for more information on today's show, visit tavis smiley at

he had been working on it ever since he came home from vietnam. "matterhorn: the story of a yung second lieutenant leading a rifle platoon of 40 rines on a remote jungle hill." critics called it "a powerhouse -- tense, brutal honest," "unforgettable," "moving and intense." karl marlantes has now written a second book, a nonfiction memoir and meditation on what it is like to go to war. read it and you will be closer than you can imagine to the mind and heart of the warrior in battle and after. karl marlantes, welcome. >> it's nice to be here, thank you. >> i haven't been sure about how to start this interview. i've never been to war. i've never looked a man in the eye who was trying to kill me and kill him before he could. i'm not even sure that i can ask a question that doesn't strike you as banal, against your experience. i guess what i'm saying is that there's this divide between the warrior and the rest of us and that divide can't really be crossed, can it? >> no. but i think that what has to change is this inhibition that we all feel about ask

>> i think lbj was very reluctant about vietnam. he was ambivalent about it from the very beginning. i think that there are a couple of phone conversations. the crown jewel of the lbj library. 643 hours of recordings of his phone conversation. there are two in particular. to that really illuminate how he felt. the first was with richard russell, who i mentioned earlier, who had said, you know, if this burden were thrust on me, mr. president, i would decline to fight the war in vietnam. and it just seems like another thing and lbj said i have been thinking the same way ever since i came to office. and george bundy, his national security adviser, lbj talked about laying awake all night and thinking about the war. and he said that it is halting. he says what is beyond me? what is vietnam to this country? and he realizes. it is of no great consequence to the united states. it doesn't mean much. except for the fact that if you do not stave off communist insurgencies, there is a good possibility that the communists would take more grounde

i continue my education as an infantryman in vietnam. made a lot of movies, some of them about history. and i have learned a lot more about what i once knew. and when i heard from my children what they're learning in school, i was perturbed that they were not getting the more honest view of the world and i did. we lived most of our lives in a fog. but i will let my children to have access to something that looks beyond what i recall as the tyranny of now. >> material now. tavis: the you think a 10-part series on showtime, a companion book, they can start a conversation about the history of their nation? >> sure, and i am proud that showtime put this on. this does not use again on american television. but they are very proud of it and it gets repeated and repeated. we have foreign showings of it. hopefully, one day, it will be a text in a school. it deserves to be. it is better than my daughters text, which is apparently the ninth edition. >> and the book is getting widely distributed. it is being sold in costco, wal- mart, sam's. tavis:

folks still arriving here at the vietnam veterans memorial. you may be able to see the statue way back in there. now, you may recall the design was initially controversial. now all these years later, it is a powerful connection. of love, loss, and honor. ♪ >> ♪ o say can you see ♪ >> a day of honor. >> i can give this date in memory. >> a time of remembrance. >> veterans day is showing appreciation to each other. and probably the biggest return of the memorial. >> at a sacred place they call the wall. >> can't believe it's 30 years since we dedicated the memorial. >> on a certain weekend it draws thousands, a simple, yet poignant design, 58,261 names etched in stone. there's no rank. there's just a name. you don't even have branch of service, you know. the sacrifice is the same no matter whether you're a private or a general. >> for vietnam veterans like bill, the names are also faces from a long ago war, now receding in the distance. >> he took my place. he got killed with an r.p.g. bill is collecting rubbings of the names of fallen fri

korea, vietnam, iraq, afghanistan, it is harder to know what success looks like. it is harder for generals to claim success. especially when you rotate people. it is jury easy to say i was successful and the guy after me blew it. there are ways of seeing what is successful. it is clear to me that general petraeus was more successful in iraq than the three generals that came before him. he took prudent risks. he had to unnerve -- 100,000 fighters, $3 million a month. they did not surrender, they kept their weapons, they kept the areas of operation. they stopped killing americans. he got a set of iraq. that is six? -- that is success. we can measure success. as the congress, as a people, the media does not understand the military, it is hard to accountable. because we cannot judge professional competence, we judge table for their sex lives. tavis: we thank all of our military veterans on this veterans day. thomas ricks, author. good to have you on this program. that is our show for tonight. keep the faith. >> for more information on today's show, visit tavis smiley

>> hi, harris, at the vietnam memorial today, he said each soldier who served in vietnam includes himself, came home a changed person n a lesser ways, a visit to the vietnam memorial can also change a person, i was there today. everybody has a vietnam memorial on the list of places to visit when they come to washington and very few realize the emotional impact once they get here. the somber lines of people filing past the black granite walls, the names, 58,000 names carved in the wall, you can reach out and touch it and feel it and see your reflection in the shine i black surface, as if to reflect on the war and its impact on american history. a lot of raw emotion here as people remember their loved ones and they leave lists of people they leave little letters, in one case, a 12-pack of beer must have been the favorite of this particular serviceman, leave american flags and notices and letters, a personal connection people have to the names carved in this wall it's not just a monument, it's a living memorial and it's the 30th year after they built and dedicated this monument for 4 million

the sound that brought back memories of the vietnam war. they see themselves as ,,,,,,,,,, did you know dentures are ten times softer than natural teeth and can be easily scratched? they may also have surface pores, where odor-causing bacteria can grow. that's why dentures require special care. make polident® part of your daily routine. polident's unique microclean formula cleanses gently. it releases antimicrobial agents, including active oxygen, to kill ninety-nine-point-nine percent of odor causing bacteria and reduce plaque. for a cleaner, fresher, brighter denture, use polident® everyday. this has been medifacts for polident®. some of the forgotten men of forgotten men of the vietnam war. more than one hundred s got together today to tell r stories. cbs makovec on t >>> they see themselves as some of the forgotten men of the vietnam war. more than 100 vets got together today to tell their stories. cbs 5 reporter anne makovec on the role the coast guard played in vietnam. >> reporter: and with the sound of a huey chopper, memories of

. >>> the vietnam veteran's memorial continues to be one of the areas most visited sight. today is no exception as surae chinn talks to those who gathered at the wall. >> i see them twice a year for memorial day and veteran's day. >> the walk moves people none like no other. antonio biaz has come to honor his fallen comrade. >> for all those who are no longer with us. >> reporter: army specialist biaz was only 20 years old while in combat. >> he flew a couple of planes in front of me. we met and got separated then. >> reporter: his friend would be killed by a land mine at the age of 21. a salute for a fallen friend. a tribute song to a soldier. and faces of young men who never got to grow old. >> to pay respects to all of those that have given their ultimate sacrifice on their wall. all my brothers and friends. >> reporter: they make the annual trek to the wall that bring them right back to the battlefield of vietnam. >> and they were killed on september 26 in 1968. >> reporter: a tough journey of reflection, but one that these soldiers will never miss on veteran's day. >>

joyce johnson was an army nurse in vietnam. robert bowls an officer with the 100th air force division. they lived parallel lines. he got divorced. she never married. years later friends told them they should meet. the phone call didn't go so well. >> he said how busy he is. how this is important and he has to do this and dada dada. i finally said, do you know what, when you have some time, you call me and we'll talk about it. he said, oh, no, don't hang up. wait a minute. >> it was dramatic. >> but that's the way it was. >> reporter: they married six months later. >> what year was this? >> 1982. >> reporter: as you can see, they did pretty well. these doctors may be different, but they share something similar. their memories can never erase. >> i remember some of the guys that got shipped out from my unit from my ward. you didn't know whether they were going to make it. and so those things you just don't really want to remember. >> we are very proud veterans and proud americans. >> reporter: at the end of the day, she still is

marking a special day remembering the fallen from the vietnam war. national correspondent steve ste sent any is live with us. >> veteran's affair secretary said each soldier who served in vietnam including himself came home a changed person. in lesser way as visit to the vietnam memorial can also change a person. i was there earlier today. >> everybody has a vietnam memorial on a list of places to visit when they come to washington. very vifew realize the emotiona impact until they get here. walking by the black granite wall the names 50,000 names carved into the wall you can reach out and touch it feel it and see your reflection on the shiny surface as to reflect on the war and impact of the american history. a raw emotion as people remember their loved ones. a case of is 12 pack of beer must have been the favorite of the servicemen they leave american flags and notices and leve letters. it is a personal connection. it is not just a monument it's a living memorial and 30th year after they built and dedicated this monument millions of people nominate

i mean this means a lot since me because i'm a vietnam vet vietnam a slave it on the vietnam. look ystem was in one nine hundred ninety two. during the clinton administration the military realized there were a lot of young latinos they could target for recruiting. in quantity. because i. could give iraq war put pressure on the pentagon to step up recruiting and. not the one that that because so they targeted people without immigration papers that i had in document those i can escape and. a lot of kids arrived without papers but they grew up here. only cells in need of. they went to school here that he was there bilingual and bicultural somebody who died it was. the schools must give recruiters their students' names and addresses and phone numbers on this meet that was. why. he left as well as the sink and if they refuse and they lose their federal funding. so the pentagon has direct access to all these young people. are part of the. there's no family privacy. the recruiters call them up every night the run meant they lost by the latino parents are up against recruiting drives

i mean this means a lot somy because i'm a vietnam vet vietnam a slave it on the vietnam. look ystem was in one nine hundred ninety the clinton administration the military realized there were a lot of young latinos they could target for recruiting and in most books the most on us in quantity. latinos. because. you could give iraq war put pressure on the pentagon to step up recruiting and. not be. back because so they targeted people without immigration papers. in document albums i can escape and. i move a lot of kids arrived with papers but they grew up here and there are only cells in need of inclusion and they went to school here that he will there bilingual and bicultural somebody who died. last week as the schools must give recruiters their students' names and addresses and phone numbers on this meet that. might. be less is willing to sink in if they refuse and they lose their federal funding. so the pentagon has direct access to all these young people. are going to be. there's no family privacy. recruiters call them up every night run meant they lost brothers he spun

i mean this means a lot somy because i'm a vietnam vet vietnam a slave it on the vietnam. look at them was in one nine hundred ninety the clinton administration the military realized there were a lot of young latinos and they could target for recruiting. and want. because. you could give iraq war put pressure on the pentagon to step up recruiting and. not be. back because so they targeted people without immigration papers. and now those i can escape and. i move a lot of kids arrived without papers but they grew up here and. they went to school here that he will they're bilingual and bicultural somebody who died. because schools must give recruiters their students' names and addresses and phone numbers on this meat that. might. be less as well as the zinc and if they refuse they lose their federal funding. so the pentagon has direct access to all these young people. are going to be. there's no family privacy. recruiters call them up every night run meant they lost by the latino parents. are up against recruiting drives all over this country and they played. well. in the. in

do you remember vietnam? they literally said to me, i really don't know what happened in vietnam. the history of vietnam has been denied to them. >> it's a fascinating history lesson, because you tell it so vividly. not just your generation, a very interesting way of doing it. but the images that you use, the video you use makes it a compelling history lesson. >> by the way, it's -- >> you will learn about the events, even if you don't necessarily agree with your take on it. >> i learned a lot. didactic. kids are board with the history because they think they know the end. world war ii, we start it tonight. we see it from three sides, britain, russia, the u.s. it's a whole other ballgame when you look at three interests. russian eyes, english eyes, chinese eyes. if you can see history and have empathy for others, other than yourself, you broaden your compassion, and you broaden -- we become a member of the world. of the global community. and this is what obama has not done. now, he's basically operating as an outlier now. you asked about our criticism, it's couched in the context

vietnam is engaged in territorial disputes with china in the south china sea. it's keen to bolster defenses amid china's growing maritime presence. >>> and that's going to do it for us this week. thanks for watching. we'll see you again next week on "asia 7 days."

the other served in vietnam. >> this sunday is veterans day. today, two veterans, one of world war ii, one of the and on, finally got the metals they deserved. -- vietnam, finally got the they deserve. >> is given because you put your life in harm's way to defend your country. >> at a special ceremony at fort meade, senator barbara mikulski awarded the bronze star, a long overdue, to two maryland veterans. >> on april, 1945 -- >> dr charles was a captain in the army medical corps at the battle of the bulge. >> i have no knowledge of planning anything. i was lying in the road and i realized another grenade had gone off nearby. betsy repeatedly exposed himself to small arms, and the -- >> he repeatedly exposed himself to small arms in order to move forward to help wounded shoulders. >> charles was an army medic in vietnam. >> i figured we had bought the farm. everybody went up to that hill. the jets were dropping their bombs. the enemy fired at us. i got hit in my arms and legs. >> for these men, it is not just an honor for themselves, but for th

s vietnam wall is expanding much how the changes will allow americans to learn more on those who gave their lives fighting in southeast asia. >> the i-pad app ready to download. plus drive time traffic, bay area weather and video of breaking news anytime anywhere. you know how much grandma wanted to be here for your fist christmas? you see grandma lives waaaay down here, and you live way up here. brian, your cousin, he's a little bit older than you, he lives here, in chicago. and your aunt lisa lives here, in baltimore. uncle earnie? waaay out in hawaii. but don't you worry, we will always be together for christmas. [ male announcer ] being together is the best part of the holidays and cheerios is happy to be part of the family. you just ate dallas! and cheerios is happy to be part of the family. (car horn) paying with your smartphone instead of cash... (phone rings) that's a step forward. with chase quickpay, you can send money directly to anyone's checking account. i guess he's a kicker... again, again! oh, no you don't! take a step forward and chase what matters. i'm going to dream

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. >>> the vietnam veterans memorial continues to be one of the area's most visited and emotional sites. >> surae chinn talked to veterans who gathered at the wall to honor their fallen friends. >> reporter: i come out twice a year for memorial day and veterans day. >> reporter: the wall can move people like none other. antonio has come to honor his fallen comrade charlie. >> not only my friend but all the other 50,000, 60,000 men here and for those who are no longer with us. >> reporter: army specialist biaz was only 20 years old while in combat. >> he flew a couple of planes ahead of me. we met in long bend. we got separated there. >> reporter: his friend would be killed by a land mine at the age of 21. >> a salute for a fallen friend. >> reporter: a tribute song to a soldier. and faces of young men who never got to grow old. >> to pay respects and homage to all those who have given their ultimate sacrifice on that wall. all my brothers and sisters. >> reporter: veterans make the annual trek to the wall that bring them right back to the battlefields of vietnam. >> he was killed in fam

i saw american troops, like i had been a green kid in vietnam. zhou remember vietnam? they literally said to me, i really don't know what happened in vietnam. the history of vietnam has been denied to them. >> it's a fascinating history lesson, you tell it so vividly. not just your generation. but the images that you use. the video you use makes it a compelling history lesson. >> by the way, it's -- >> you will learn about the events even if you don't necessarily agree with your take on it. >> i learned a lot. you don't want to make it die dack tick. kids are board with the history because they think they know the end. world war ii, we start it tonight. we see it from three sides, britain, russia, the u.s. it's a whole different ball game when you look at three interests. russian eyes, english eyes, chinese eyes. if you can see history and have empathy for others, you broaden your compassion, and you broaden. we become a member of the world. of the global community. and this is what obama has not done. now, he's basically operating as an outlier now. you asked about ou

and the 50th anniversary of the vietnam war. 4million people visit the vietnam memorial every year, but few were prepared for the emotional impact of seeing the names carved in the black granite or the reflection of your own face staring back. at the ceremony today the secretary of veterans affairs echoed that impression. >> others may have said in touching names you know back in time and connect with those who remain as young and vibrant as when you last saw them and in that instant this granite memorial and the visit or are one. no other monument i know of attains this level of intimacy. >> reporter: a total of 58,000 americans were killed in vietnam. at the world war ii memorial, a more recent addition to the washington landscape, a few 100 world war ii vets were honored. their numbers are dwindling since the war ended 68 years ago. their numbers are now in the 80s and 90s. >> it's great to see the reception the veterans get. we're treated like royalty which didn't happen before. >> keep the colors flying. it is very difficult with the young people today. i realize it in the worl