any reasonably sentient person who looks at spain, comes to spain, eats in spain, drinks in spain, they're going to fall in love. otherwise, there's something deeply wrong with you. spain is the sort of place that never really made any sense anyway, and in the very best possible way. this is the country that gave us the spanish inquisition. also anarchy. this is where devout catholicism mixes with surrealism, modernist cuisine with traditional tapas. christianity and islam traded places, shared space. the effects and influences of all those things are right here to see. you can almost look back through time and through the mists of history and see the phoenicians marching up across the vega, or are those feral hippies? an influx of hippies many of whom appear to have set up squats in the caves of the mountain have made things interesting. when you ask what do you do? and you say we are staging the moon landing. wherever you are on the ideological spectrum, however, some things are constant, it seems. some stereotypical expectations. it's true, there are free tapas everywhere. yes, they do

he went to spain in 2003, but returns almost every year to visit the family. >> [speaking wolof] >> [speaking wolof] [laughs] >> [speaking wolof] >> [speaking wolof] >> [speaking wolof] >> [speaking wolof] >> [speaking wolof] >> [speaking wolof] [music plays] [music ends] [music plays] >> [speaking wolof] [music ends] >> [speaking wolof] >> visit viewchange.org, link tv's brand new multimedia website. watch over 350 stories about new solutions to the developing world's biggest challenges. get involved with the issues, share the stories with friends, and help change the world, all at viewchange.org. [rooster crows] >> it is the day before tabaski, and kanni is going to town to buy food for the holiday with the money deya has set aside. >> [speaking wolof] >> the cost of the holiday foods--vegetables, macaroni-- adds up quickly. >> [speaking wolof] >> usually, village meals are predictable-- millet couscous, corn couscous, peanut sauce, more peanut sauce, very few vegetables. saare muudu started a vegetable garden 3 years ago. it was part of a peace corps development project requested b

and are now rolling out in spain, and it is a strategy. it is about loyal customers, it is about lasting relationships with our customers. francine: the 1, 2, 3 account is something that is quite expensive because you give back to customers. you do make them loyal, but are you concerned that you are giving too much away? or is loyalty the most important thing? because then you can grow in the years from now. ana: we want to be the best retail and commercial bank. we want to be the best commercial bank for our people, our customers, our shareholders, and our communities. the strategy has to make sense for our customers, but also for our shareholders. the reason we can spread the circle is we have a best in class cost income. we reported in june a cost income ratio of a little bit less than 47%. that is best in class among all the large banks in the world, and that is what allows us to deliver great products with great prices and excellent service. we are not there yet by any means, and that is exactly what we are going to work on over the n

and are now rolling out in spain, and it is a strategy. it is about loyal customers, it is about lasting relationships with our customers. francine: the 1, 2, 3 account is actually something that is quite expensive because you give back to customers. you do make them loyal, but are you concerned that you are giving too much away? or is loyalty at the moment the most important thing because you can grow? ana: we want to be the best retail and commercial bank. we want to be the best commercial bank for our people, our customers, our shareholders, and our communities. the strategy has to make sense for our customers, but also for our shareholders. the reason we can spread the circle is we have a best in class cost/income. we reported in june a cost/income ratio of a little bit less than 47%. that is best in class among all the large banks in the world, and that is what allows us to deliver great products with great prices and excellent service. we are not there yet by any means, and that is exactly what we are going to work on over the next f

and are now rolling out in spain, and it is a strategy. it is about loyal customers, it is about lasting relationships with our customers. francine: the 1, 2, 3 account is something that is quite expensive because you give back to customers. you do make them loyal, but are you concerned that you are giving too much away? or is loyalty the most important thing? ana: we want to be the best retail and commercial bank. we want to be the best commercial bank for our people, our customers, our shareholders, and our communities. the strategy has to make sense for our customers, but also for our shareholders. the reason we can square the circle is we have a best in class cost income. we reported in june a cost income ratio of a little bit less than 47%. that is best in class among all the large banks in the world, and that is what allows us to deliver great products with great prices and excellent service. we are not there yet by any means, and that is exactly what we are going to work on over the next few years, is how we do that in our large mar

and are now rolling out in spain, and it is a strategy. it is about loyal customers, it is about lasting relationships with our customers. francine: the 1, 2, 3 account is something that is quite expensive because you give back to customers. you do make them loyal, but are you concerned that you are giving too much away? or is loyalty the most important thing? grow inthen you can now.ears from ana: we want to be the best retail and commercial bank. we want to be the best commercial bank for our people, our customers, our shareholders, and our communities. the strategy has to make sense for our customers, but also for our shareholders. the reason we can spread the circle is we have a best in class cost income. we reported in june a cost income ratio of a little bit less than 47%. that is best in class among all the large banks in the world, and that is what allows us to deliver great products with great prices and excellent service. we are not there yet by any means, and that is exactly what we are going to work on over the next few years,

and are now rolling out in spain, and it is a strategy. it is about loyal customers, it is about lasting relationships with our customers. francine: the 1, 2, 3 account is something that is actually quite expensive because you give back to customers. you do make them loyal, but are you concerned that you are giving too much away? or is loyalty at the moment the most important thing because you can grow? ana: we want to be the best bank, the best retail and commercial bank. we want to be the best commercial bank for our people, our customers, our shareholders, and our communities. the strategy has to make sense for our customers, but also for our shareholders. the reason we can spread the circle is we have a best in class cost/income. we reported in june a cost/income ratio of a little bit less than 47%. that is best in class among all large banks in the world, and that is what allows us to deliver great products with great prices and excellent service. now we are not there yet by any means, and that is exactly what we are going to work on

and are now rolling out in spain. and it is a strategy. it is about loyal customers, it is about lasting relationships with our customers. francine: the 1, 2, 3 account is something that is actually quite expensive, because you give back , right, took customers. you do make them loyal, but are you concerned that you are giving too much away? or actually is loyalty at the , moment the most important thing because you can grow? ana: we want to be the best bank, the best retail and commercial bank for our people, our customers, our shareholders, and our communities. the strategy has to make sense for our customers, but also for our shareholders. the reason we can spread the circle is we have a best in class cost/income. we reported in june a cost/income ratio of a bit less than 47%. that is best in class among all large banks in the world, and that is what allows us to deliver great products with great prices and excellent service. now, we are not there yet by any means, and that is exactly what we are going to work on over the next few years

they wanted him to go to spain. he was having fits. he thought it would be very offensive to european governments to send a radical revolutionary over as our ambassador. lincoln decided, they sent him to spain. it was the most conservative government in europe. you could see the tide turning against the union. they wrote in september a long dispatch back to seward hoping it would get to lincoln. he reported to seward that the governments, the ruling classes of europe wanted america to fail. they want to democracy to fail. but, the public was hopeful. they were assuming that the war would be nothing less than a grand uprising. this is sewers writing to seward. "they assume it will be nothing but a grand uprising for nothing but the popular conscience of a grand principle." "why should europeans support the north if its only goal was the privilege of being re-associated with the imperious and troublesome slave states?" he said, "we must place the war upon a higher moral basis and thereby give us the control of public opinion in europe. i

the rejection of all things spain it and then and embrace of the united states in a way.

they appointed him to spain. offensive it would be to european governments to send this radical revolutionary over as our ambassador and first wanted italy but lincoln finally -- he was frustrated after the battle of bull run and could see the tide turning against the europe -- turning against europe. he wrote this wrong -- this long dispatch hoping it would get to lincoln. that the ruling classes of europe wanted america to fail. they wanted democracy to fail. but the public was hopeful. assuming the war would be nothing than a grand up rising. assumed it would be nothing more than a grand uprising of the popular conscience in favor of a great unitarian principle. he said the union was squandering its most valuable moral capital by denying slavery be an issue. why should europeans support the north if its only goal was the privilege of being where he associated with the imperious and trouble slave states. waraid we must place the against the rebellious slave states against a higher moral basis and thereby give u

james' remains happened when muslim moors controlled most of spain. the whole phenomenon of the camino helped fuel the european passion to retake spain and push the moors back into africa. but by about 1500, with the dawn of the renaissance and the reformation, interest in the camino died almost completely. then, in the 1960s, a handful of priests re-established the tradition. the route has since enjoyed a huge resurgence, with 100,000 pilgrims trekking the santiago each year. >> memphis, tennessee. it has been written, if music were religion, then memphis would be jerusalem and sun studio its most sacred shrine. and you are here. with jarrod dickenson. >> my name is jarrod dickenson. i'm here at the legendary sun studio and i will be playing a few songs with david grove and lee grove. i'm originally from waco, texas, now based in brooklyn, new york.

and went when the muslims were kicked out of spain and they left spain, those jews went with them. when they went to the areas of the middle east where they resided with the muslims, the jews called this time the golden age where they were given jobs, allowed to partake in politics, where they were given the ability for them to practice and be who they were without any restrictions great while in europe and spain, they were treated as animals. by the way, the concept of anti-semitism was not invented by muslims, but invented by christianity can be found its basis in the book of matthew chapter 27, versus 25. >> thank you for the call. we will get a response. respond?ant to keith: oh, ok. i would just say that i'm not certain if there was a question in there, but certainly the history of anti-semitism predates world war ii by a long beforen fact it goes act i would argue potentially the advent of christianity, i suppose, might find antecedents for this in the old testament. i am not a biblical scholar. i do know that robert, the professor who recently wrote a rather large history of

james' remains happened when muslim moors controlled most of spain. the whole phenomenon of the camino helped fuel the european passion to retake spain and push the moors back into africa. but by about 1500, with the dawn of the renaissance and the reformation, interest in the camino died almost completely. then, in the 1960s, a handful of priests re-established the tradition. the route has since enjoyed a huge resurgence, with 100,000 pilgrims trekking the santiago each year. ♪ take me in, o tender woman >> memphis, tennessee... it has been written if music were religion, then memphis would be jerusalem and sun studio its most sacred shrine. you are here. with david ford. ♪ time will come >> i'm david ford. very happy to be back at sun studio again and tonight i will be singing songs with jared dickenson and emily growth. this is my third time doing the session here at sun studio. you

james' remains happened when muslim moors controlled most of spain. the whole phenomenon of the camino helped fuel the european passion to retake spain and push the moors back into africa. but by about 1500, with the dawn of the renaissance and the reformation, interest in the camino died almost completely. then, in the 1960s, a handful of priests re-established the tradition. the route has since enjoyed a huge resurgence, with 100,000 pilgrims trekking the santiago each year. announcer: this program is made possible in part by... historic marion, virginia, home of song of the mountains, a main street community in the heart of the virginia highlands. the ellis family foundation-- encouraging economic revitalization through the restoration of historic buildings in downtown marion, virginia, including the general francis marion hotel. teds-- dedicated to providing strategic talent management solutions. the bank of marion-- your community, your vision, your bank. morehead state university's kentucky center for traditional music is a proud supporter of so

some of the founders of the cuban league were also involved with cuba's war for independence from spain. i kept one of those sort of political links during the research. so yeah, it is a baseball book but i did try to put into context of the historical events of the time. >> a lot of time this discussion about athletes today not knowing the history of the game. the cuban players today know the history? >> of the cuban league? you know, that's hard to say. i'm not sure how much in cuba they know about the past but it seems like they do. whenever you see, if you're familiar with it at all, in cuba it's called the hot corner, is this part in the park in downtown havana, where geisinger and just argued about baseball the country they know about what's going on here. they get information about the games you. i do think they know about the history their, but as far as the young players i'm not sure. i would be curious. >> anybody else? >> what surprised you the most about what you found? >> one thing that definitely surprising that this is kind of inside baseball so i apologize for that but i

and if you travel in the north of spain, where this company is the largest company in that part of spain, you will see that their cities and towns--i was there this summer--you can see right away. you don't have the slum over here and the fancy neigh-- you don't have any of that. there are people with more and less, but it's, the gap is completely different. it's a part of the world in which you could say something like the following and not be lying through your teeth: "everybody's in the middle class." they really did that. but if you want that, this is a way to get it. here's a second thought: you think if the workers made the decisions collectively, they would decide to close the factory or the office where they're working and open one in china, thereby destroying their jobs, their incomes, and the community? ehh, i would guess not. not a big chance of that. you know what they would do instead? they would say, "whatever problems our company has"--like all companies, they have problems--one of the solutions that are not available is leaving. you can't do that. and, by the way, there's

his boat sank from morocco to spain. he lost his life. despite everything, my brother continued -- my young brothers continue to leave. for now, this migration shows no signs of topping. and women have started to leave, too, risking death for the chance of a better life. we will come back to france where authorities say they foiled a plot to attack military personnel. a 25 euros and has been arrested on suspicion of planning an attack against a naval base in the southeastern city of toulon. the group had been monitored after trying to travel to syria twice last year without success. government has filed a challenge against a decision talane econoline -- the ca independence from spain. they are calling on the tribunals to suspend the parliament's decision while it is being studied. it also wants the court to warn catalano officials against taking any steps in that process. next now to the united states were republican presidential candidates went head-to-head in a new debate. this one was focusing more on business. billionaire mogul donald

spain's economy grew at the fastest rate since the 2008 financial crisis. >>> welcome back. trying to get consent to back air strikes on syria. >> the reason for acting is the very direct threat that isil poses to our country and to our way of life. isil have attacked beruit and paris and the likely blowing up of a russian plane with 224 people on board. they have taken the lives of british hostages and inspired the worst terror attack against british people since 7-7 and crucially they have tried to attack us right here in britain. in the last 12 months police and security services have disrupted no fewer than 7 terrorist plots to attack the u.k. every one of which was either linked to isil or inspired by their propaganda. so i'm in no doubt that it is in our national interest for action to be taken to stop them. and stopping them means taking action in syria because it is raqqah that is their headquaters. but why us? mr. speaker my first responsibility as prime minister and our first job in this house is to keep the british people safe. we have the assets to do that and we

>> mike tobin, live in spain, thank you. >>> still ahead, from spain, we take to you cuba. for a look at the prospects for american business as relations improve with the communist nation. first, we talk live with the head of the house armed services committee about that investigation into the possible bombing of a russian airliner and what it all means for the u.s. >>> today the house approved a revamped defense bill. the president vetoed the original measure over a spending issue which has been since resolved. let's get more on that and the investigation into that russian airliner disaster, chairman of the house armed services committee, texas congressman mack thornberry is with us tonight. thanks for being here. >> thanks for having me. >> i want to start with the investigation. you're chairman of the house armed services committee. what can you tell us? what do you know? >> i think the difference intelligence organizations of various countries are trying to pull together the threads of intelligence and put them together to figure out what happened. you want to be pretty

on monday the catalan government declared the start of a process to breakaway from spain wrn 18 months. quits promising to push ahead with the efforts angry with the minister. >> translation: they are trying to break everything. the extension is to end the unity of a nation with more than five decades of history. to debrave all of those in spain and catalania too their right to decide what their country is >>> montreal is pumping untreated assuming into the river. the mayor's office says it's necessary while work is carried out to replace ageing past of the waste treatment system. gan's government says 8 million children are enrolleded in school. at least 70% of the schools osenkowski the list are bog us or only have a fraction of the students they claim. in the last of the three part series, the lost province. >> reporter: the children here say they want to learn, but their school here is empty. they say they haven't been to school in weeks. >> translation: the teachers come to two to three times a week but they don't give us anything to study >> reporter: the teachers do, however, co

the history goes back to the revolution when cuba deliberated from spain and there were two heroes that are mow womis born in sant odomingo and his mother was dominican and his siblings too fought in the cuban war of independence. and they were, jose mar tease, usually the person because of the poetry, considered the martyr of cuba, but these two gentlemen were, without them i think cuba would not have been independent from spain. >> and they are dominican descent. >> dominican. >> and at the event later today it will be fair to say that half of the folks there are dominican and the other half are cubans. >> and it has such a relevance because between the two cultures, as you mentioned a while ago, it is so important to keep alive. and for the younger generation also for them to learn and know about the culture because that's sort of fading and we want to maintain, we want to may want that, we want for them to know about their roots and their history and the linkages between the two cultures. >> i want to give the information because i know it's later today and i know lola, our intern i

gentlemen were, without them i think cuba would not have been independent from spain. >> and they are dominican descent. >> dominican. >> and at the event later today it will be fair to say that half of the folks there are dominican and the other half are cubans. >> and it has such a relevance because between the two cultures, as you mentioned a while ago, it is so important to keep alive. and for the younger generation also for them to learn and know about the culture because that's sort of fading and we want to maintain, we want to may want that, we want for them to know about their roots and their history and the linkages between the two cultures. >> i want to give the information because i know it's later today and i know lola, our intern is ready to put this information up on the screen. today, november 8th and it's from 1:00 to 7:00. so we've got to get out of here.

>> mike tobin, live in spain, thank you. >>> still ahead, from spain, we take to you cuba. for a look at the prospects for american business as relations improve with the communist nation. first, we talk live with the head of the house armed services committee about that investigation into the possible bombing of a russian airliner and what it all means for the u.s. if a denture were to be put under a microscope, we can see all the bacteria that still exists. polident's unique micro clean formula works in just 3 minutes, killing 99.99% of odor causing bacteria. for a cleaner, fresher, brighter denture every day. is the staying awake part... challeng( gunshot ) your day sleep train has your ticket to a better night's sleep. because when brands compete, you save during mattress price wars. save up to $400 on beautyrest and posturepedic. get interest-free financing until 2018 on tempur-pedic. plus, helpful advice from the sleep experts. but mattress price wars is ending soon at sleep train. ♪ sleep train ♪ your ticket to a better night's sleep ♪ >>> today the house appro

a region of spain is declaring independence.lawmakers in catalonia have approved a plan in which the area would seperate from the spanish government by 20-17.catalonia is spain's most north-eastern area and shares a border with france.the spanish prime minister isn't happy about the development.in the past - he's vowed to take legal action against catalonia's parliament if they were to appove plans to suceed. the world bank says climate change could push more than 100 million people into extreme poverty by 2030.that's according to a report released over the weekend.the report says it will disrupt agriculture and fuel the spread of malaria and other diseases.it says the world's poor are woefully unprepared to deal with climate shocks like rising seas or severe droughts.how to help poor countries is one of the big issues that will take place next month at a u-n summit in paris. coming up on the cbs 2 news at noon - why star-bucks is facing criticism over their red holiday season cups. cups. ((pkg) (pkg) sot"i love having different kids of friends, don't you?" to celebrate the uniquenes

the solution is reform spain. manus: albert rivera. portugal andross alliance of opposition parties -- let's speak to giles lima. he joins us on the phone. great to have you with me. the bond market is critically nervous about the prospect of socialist with communists support. >> today, there will be a debate in parliament about the center-right coalition government program. aat is set to be rejected in motion later in the day. once that happens, the government automatically falls. it becomes the time of the president. the parties president -- deportees president has enormous discretion. the power to follow other options. in the meantime, the center-right government remains in a caretaker role until the new president -- new prime minister is sworn in. manus: the whole angst of europe is if this is a succession of power by a socialist led government with commonest backing who has been very -- with communist backing -- what wey understand now from portugal and the prospect in terms of this new and session. what are the biggest issues? pa

. >>> cat loan in catalonia region in spain is voting to secede from spain. the spanish government filed an appeal with the constitutional court to prevent the split, which the court has agreed to hear. >> a resolution is tearing apart the democracy. it is liquidating the spanish constitution, which was approved by the greatest majority of spaniards and laid out the rules of coexistence. it expressly states that it's not going to respect the law that is in force and which will not need to pay any attention to the constitutional court. it is completely out of place and that it breaks up everything. >> china's economy may be slowing but it's ecommerce giant has set a new sails record on singles day within the first eight minutes of the biggest shopping day of the year. selling $1 billion worth of goods. from beijing adrian brown reports. >> he has been counting down the days to this moment. he's part of china's growing middle class. >> i want to buy a couch. i want to buy a storage box. i want to buy clothes for my daughter, and a new handbag. >> the only time

up next, a renewable energy company on the brink of becoming spain's biggest business bankruptcy. 27 minutes into the session. the shanghai composite has the biggest drop since august. a weaker session here in august. ♪ i just had a horrible nightmare. my company's entire network went down, and i was home in bed, unaware. but that would never happen. comcast business monitors my company's network 24 hours a day and calls and e-mails me if something, like this scary storm, takes it offline. so i can rest easy. what. you don't have a desk bed? don't be left in the dark. get proactive alerts 24/7. comcast business. built for business. jonathan: good morning and welcome back to "on the move." the hang seng down by 1.9%. 30 minutes into the session in europe, asia in focus. let's check the markets. the shanghai composite, biggest drop since august. screen.p on the early reaction, i know. the ftse 100 down by 32 points. the dax also lower by 0.2%. switch up the board. week near anto next seven-month low. pretty much dead flat on the session. euro-yen, seven straight weeks of decline. tha

. >> lawmakers in catalonia have voted to secede from spain. central government in madrid says secession is a violation of spain's constitution. spanish government says they will take to spain's constitutional court. >>> a leader of the kurdish people's democratic party is accusing recep tayyip erdogan of trieg ttrying to create a constitutional dictatorship. his opponents say the move is just a power grab. >> we have not changed our policy regarding the presidency. because akp, constitutional dictatorship, that merges everything into a sim hand. we woulsingle hand. we would have to be out of our minds to accept this. >> more than a million syrian are living in turkey. hundreds of thousands of syrian children in turkey are being denied one of their basic rights, an education. al jazeera's omar al saleh reports from istanbul. >> abraham is 13 years old. his family escaped aleppo two years ago. he looks younger because his bones are not growing normally. he left school two years ago, he earns about $3 a day working 12 hours as a porter. he tells

. >> catalonia has adopted a resolution which supports independence from spain. it is the first step swords independence. says the alliance which tabled the motion. madrid has vowed to stop the move. here is our report. >> the divisive motion passed on monday in barcelona is a defiant first step towards independence. the two-page text outlines that due to the victory of pro independent parties in september regional elections, the prods of creating a new state has begun. it was a close result, but nfl commits the regional assembly to begin working toward the completion of independence within 18 months. it is being driven by a pro independence group backed by the president. >> today is an exercise in democracy, the sovereignty of the people. believe in a future referendum to continue the process. >> others say their supporters want to remain in the country. >> today just like the day 26 years ago, the berlin wall fell. you want to build this wall in catalonia. we will not allow you. >> last month, the prime minister met politicians to try to stave off the push for

we still like italy in particular, spain, too. we go for domestically driven, cyclical recovering europe again. we think that european earnings will be better, 13% if you strip out the u.k. in switzerland. only 5% for the u.s.. more concerned about high yields into equities in the u.s. much more positive on european high-yield credit. guy: you think the euro is going to go up. when i bolt my euro appreciation on to that. going to make even more than that. >> we think the euro will strengthen as well. it is more limited because of that, but euro-dollar is going to be a plus for u.s. investors. francine: and volatility here to stay. >> yes, and more spikes. the vix is very low. but yields are very high. that is very weird. the lead to from high yields into equity is via mutual funds. the people who holds the paper have $18 trillion in assets. it is the hybrid funds that will be the contagion conduit. there is an is -- if liquidity crunch they will be forced to sell the equity. they do not just hold junk. they hold like a soft, -- th

spain would face more hardship than it would at the moment. it doesn't want to let it go. >> i would have put it in this terms. this is not an economic issue. if we have to choose between freedom and monday, we for sure choose freedom. if we have to keep on helping our spanish friends, our spanish relatives, we'll keep doing so. this is not about money. this is about freedom. especially in the line this is about democracy. we should be able to hold this vote, and then we should be able to implement the vote. the only way we have to ask about this issue is to use original action which took place last month. and the referendum. the result of that election was a clear mandate for independence. of course, we'll always be open to have proper negotiations. we'll continue to try to achieve this negotiation. >> thank you very much, indeed. >> talking to us from bar barcelona, thank you. >> thank you. >> five months after taking office, yes, five months, nigeria's president said that it is in his cabinet swearing in 36 ministers. the president himself,

in almost all of the eurozone's biggest economies -- that includes germany as well as italy and even spain, where so far this year we have seen pretty convincing looking figures. -- the thirdrom quarter readings still isn't too much to write home about. in other words. in greece, we saw the economy contract during the third quarter by half a percent. figures, i these spoke to chris beauchamp and i asked him how strong the eurozone recovery is. >> not strong enough is the answer to that question. we have seen a weakening of the figures that were so hopeful earlier in the year. i think the concern is we are entering another stuttering period of growth for the euro zone economy. it is a major source of concern, and you can see why the ecb has begun to talk up the prospects of original q even the rest of the year and into 2016. trying to get this economy moving again. markus: what do you think is holding the eurozone back or what held it back during the third quarter? why did it have difficulty escaping -- achieving velocity, so to speak? >> part of it was circumstances outside of its control.

from the top of the rock, spain's costa del sol arcs eastward, and 15 miles across the hazy strait of gibraltar, the shores of morocco beckon. these cliffs and those over in africa created what ancient societies in the mediterranean world called the pillars of hercules. for centuries, they were the foreboding gateway to the unknown. descending the rock, whether you like it or not, you'll meet the famous apes of gibraltar. 200 of these mischief-makers entertain tourists. and with all the visitors, they're bold, and they get their way. yeah? you can have it. you can -- you can -- you can -- here on the rock of gibraltar, the locals are very friendly, but give them your apples. legend has it that as long as these apes are here, the british will stay in gibraltar. >> memphis, tennessee. it has been written, if music were religion, then memphis would be jerusalem and sun studio its most sacred shrine. and you are here. with jarrod dickenson. >> my name is jarrod dickenson. i'm here at the legendary sun studio and i will be playing a few songs with david grove and lee grove. i'm originally

and i think as i mentioned before, it was so interlocked with the fight for independence against spain that was one of the main things ingrained in the culture in a way choosing baseball over a

while in europe and spain, they were treated as animals. this tension that we have, and by the way, the concept of amphetamines is him, as i said, was not invented by muslims, but invented by christianity. it can be found, its basis, in the book of matthew. host: we will get a response. do you want to respond? mr. huxen: ok. i'm notjust say that certain if there was a question and there, but certainly, the history of anti-semitism predates world war ii by about time. in fact, it goes back before, i would argue, potentially the advent of christianity, i suppose. even probably find antecedents for this in the old testament. i'm not a biblical scholar. a professorat recently wrote a rather large history of anti-semitism that i forrstand is respected, those interested in the subject, you might want to read that. of militaryms strategy, why was north africa so critical for the allies ? mr. huxen: north africa was critical because we needed to get in the fight in the european theater. basically, we hit hitler where he was weekend at the time. we

from the top of the rock, spain's costa del sol arcs eastward, and 15 miles across the hazy strait of gibraltar, the shores of morocco beckon. these cliffs and those over in africa created what ancient societies in the mediterranean world called the pillars of hercules. for centuries, they were the foreboding gateway to the unknown. descending the rock, whether you like it or not, you'll meet the famous apes of gibraltar. 200 of these mischief-makers entertain tourists. and with all the visitors, they're bold, and they get their way. yeah? you can have it. you can -- you can -- you can -- here on the rock of gibraltar, the locals are very friendly, but give them your apples. legend has it that as long as these apes are here, the british will stay in gibraltar. announcer: this program is made possible in part by... historic marion, virginia, home of song of the mountains, a main street community in the heart of the virginia highlands. the ellis family foundation-- encouraging economic revitalization through the restoration of historic buildings in downtown marion, virginia, including t

somebody that was involved in this attack may have taken the investigation to spain. so you can see this is, as the french have put it and as the justice minister put it, that this is a full-fledge terror network that put this -- that was able to make this attack happen. but look, on the larger questions here on the show, you'll hear from the president, one of the president's closest national security advisers who agrees, says the president agrees with the french president, this was an act of war, but stopped short of saying they would like to see france invoke the treaty, the most important treaty that the united and that's nato. if france says to invoke something called article 5, gus, that basically says an attack on one is an attack on all. the president's team essentially do that. we'll see if they do. and if they do, it may mean the u.s. has to escalate whether the our treaty obligation. >> as it always does on something like this when it happens, it affects domestic politics, too. what are the presidential candidates saying about this now? >> well, i have jeb b

. >> in terms of bloodshed what also comes to mind is the attacks, the rail attacks in spain in 2004, and also the attacks, the school attacks in russia. they were also hundreds, more than we've heard so far, of casualties. thinking back to those attacks are there similarities there? >> there certainly are. of course, each one of these attacks becomes an inspiration and i terror groups think there are elements of the russian attacks which were chechen in origin, there are elements certainly of what you saw in spain and what you saw in london in 2005. but the scale of this, where at this hour the "new york times" is reporting, quoting the police as in france as saying over 100 dead. perhaps in that theater alone. that would take you more toward the scale of the russia attack or mumbai. and, you know, that's so much bigger than what we saw happen in charlie hebdo. but i think the other question this raises right now is if this is in fact the great nflict of our time, of extremism, is it even possible to fight it when so much of it is right in among the opulation? in both britain and fra