if you self reflected about how you your self learn how to play a game. this is what you put into your computer how the rhythms as well so if you are going to teach somebody how to play checkers, you would tell them about the board. you would tell them about the pieces and what kind of moves they can make, what are the rules of the game, how do you win the game and so on and what you would do is you might start off by watching other people play the game to figure out choices of move, strategies and particular scenarios where you might play yourself and lose a lot at the beginning but eventually you would start to understand which moves worth these choices in which moves were bad choices so you can improve your strategy over time so that's what we do when we put that into an algorithm and the way that you, i messed up my order here. let me tell you how the algorithm would do that, let me tell you about the history of the successes we've had. this is the area where a lot of the general public is very excited to see about what is being achieved by these comp

perhaps he could tell us about how you got the idea of working together on this book and then how you coordinated different sections or different aspects of the book. >> will peter said he was going to retire. >> i did? >> and he did retire and i got the idea that he should, i do want him to write off into the sunset yet. i asked him to write a book with me. [inaudible] [laughter] >> be a nearly deathlike i am in trying to keep me going. >> so that is how we got the idea of doing it. we have been talking with each other since 1995. i thought we should do something together so our editor wanted to have one voice but it would not be good to write a chapter me to write a chapter in to have someone responsible for different sections of it so we tried to write sections and send them to each other each week. for a period of time where being very efficient, we went out on the road and talked about it quite a bit even before we began to write. we wanted to try to craft as much as we could. there some sections that -- but everything got moved around. there are some quirks that i could recogniz

how could windows be better? how will the interface change? when we have handwriting and of those things. so i am able to participate club it is a way more complex field than i could actually write all of the codes myself anymore. david: when somebody turns on the computer today, they have to have three fingers, usually and they put a finger on control, alt, delete and it seems a little awkward to do that. why did you do that and why do people have to have that mechanism to turn on the computer? mr. gates: most machines nowadays have moved away from that. the idea that we knew there was logic in the keyboard that could detect a truly unique single would bypass the software running so you can know it was really starting over. clearly, that ended up being an awkward piece of user interface. if we had to do it again, we would not do it. it was the chasm between microsoft and ibm that it ended up being that way. it has kind of become the poster child of, hey, couldn't you have made this stuff a little simpler? [chanting] >> we love bill! david: yo

how about a raise of hands. how many people here feel animal spirits? >> yeah, i do too. >> that's about a third, 40%. how many of you are really willing to spend money in a way that you were not before because of the way you feel? >> we have to see change. >> but my point is they are the change, are they not? >> it's been a week. >> the stock market is up 6%. the stock market is up a lot. so i don't disagree with what you're saying but they have to be willing to spend. >> two weeks ago, had you done the same poll and seen how many hands raised, i think it would have been zero. >> does anyone here want to say what would be the thing that would make them actually spend? does anyone want to speak up here? hold that thought, maybe we'll get to you. do you feel there's a renewed, almost moral obligation for u.s. companies to think about americans and american jobs and american success and productivity, perhaps in ways that they were not previously? >> i've always thought that was a slippery slope for any large company to start thinking that way. and i pride

ago is very different than how it is now. >> rose: how so? >> well, i was really doing a character when i started. sort of this irreverent. >> rose: how would you define the character. irreverent. >> irrev ent, just like white idiot. a kind of stepfordy sorority girl who didn't know any better. with like a lot of one-liners. you know, cuz you start out and you just getting stage time however you can. and most joes are open mics which means you are performing in front of only other comedians waiting to form who paid to be there. it is an ugly-- it's productive but it's a rough-- a rough thing to do and there's not great energy in the room. so i would have to actually surprise people into laughing. if you get a laugh at those, it's not easy. so that-- . >> rose: and they would be surprised that they were laughing. >> yeah, cuz everyone is looking at their notebook waiting to go up so you had to say something that caught them off guard to pay attention so there was a little more of a shock factor. and then as time has gone on, i have moved furth

i think it's indicative right now today of how far we have come, but it's also indicative of how far we have to go. .. and make a difference but we need more women who are willing to have the courage and confidence to get out there and make that difference . to make that difference isthe most important thing and susan mentioned earlier that kelly and conway, she ran a very successful campaign . we are seeing it happen but we need more of you out there to get us where we want to be in the future. >> i'd like to say that, yes. [applause] i would just say that this is a moment of urgency and that women are now unapologetically cleaning and holding space and we have to keep doing that and we can't feel like anything is off limits to us just because we're the first,the second, the 33rd. it's important that we continue to break that ceiling, not crack it, break it, shatter it . how can we make sure there are no more ceilings for us so whether you are working in politics or health or education or anything , how can we continue breaking those barriers so by the time your daughter comes to ag

how are you? how is everybody? fine? yeah? like lots of places in liberia, access to electricity and running water is limited. the ebola crisis two years ago hit marshall hard. things are better now. i'm here to meet tina brown. tina is 15. >> so tina, who do you live with? >> i live with my parents. four brothers and my sister. two girls. >> and you all live together in the same house? >> yes. >> tell me about school. >> i love coming to school for the work. you meet new friends and have fun. share ideas and then you focus on your lesson. >> what's your favorite subject? >> my favorite subject is science. >> and you do well? >> yes. >> tina's father struggles to support the family. often, there's barely enough money for food. >> so there is a problem with the school fees? >> yes. >> no matter what, he pays tina's older brothers' school fees, but sometimes not hers. >> do you ever say to him it's not fair that you don't pay my school fees, that you pay my brothers' first, do you ever tell him that? >> no. i don't tell him that

it is important -- but how they differ. some sketches here from the , it has involved into an institution that is driven by themajority party, assuming majority party is cohesive. keep your eyes on the house rules committee, you think of it as an arm of the majority how leadership. they appoint nine republican members democratic leader will point me before democratic members and you might think nine republicans and four democrats. -- that is stacked in the favor of the majority party. what bills will go to the floor will it be open, can anybody get a vote on it or offer an amendment on the floor or will they be closed, no amendments, a tax reform package , it is close because they don't want to start rattling the package. versus somewhere in between, and that's what most bills are. it assumes it knocks out any ability for a bipartisan coalition to come to the floor over to allow a minority member -- if we look at the house and majority rule really works there. very partisan institution. is dependent on the majority party st

how does that affect your life daily? bill: fortunately, people know that the wealth is dedicated to the foundation. so they have ideas that are in the foundation, infectious disease and then it is super interesting. talking to those people. i have the benefit of going out and meeting interesting people and sharing my views and getting a lot of attention. that's a benefit. when i'm out with the kids, it can be a tiny bit of a drawback because you don't get as much privacy as you would like, but overall, my success has allowed to get more done and to build partnerships and work with great people. how do you deal with it when you go shopping question mark or do you not go shopping? bill: i shop and i go the theater. david: do people come up to you for selfies? bill: they can, and that is pretty quick people are nice about it. david: everybody who is wealthy with children, people have to train their children how to live with that and how do you get them involved in philanthropy? bill: the key focus is helping them enjoy lear

so how do you see that landscape? how do you see cognitive computing impacting some of that? >> how many of you spend time on the topic of cyber? almost everybody that runs a company, right? because i do it from running our company perspective, right. and you know, obviously, doesn't matter. every day, because a bad guy gets smarter, right? so we're all doing something. to us, it's a business as well. we are now the largest enterprise security company out there. but the secret of it, i think you're probably not going to be surprised, i think this is a world so complex on this topic, you have to assume whatever you do, the bad guy is in already. and therefore, the answer's going to be related to, you won't be surprised, some sort of massive realtime analytics, that you're constantly looking for something that is just slightly astray, whether that's in data, in a flow, in relationships, in behavior, in trade surveillance, whatever it is. and so, the future's going to be, one, you could put a cloud in. clouds are actually, because they're more standard, they're going to be more

there and implosion how they did the testing and dorseyurus -- and jack and twitter about how they will deal with their business model moving forward and how to monetize their user base. carol: you took one of your reporters and deploy him to a social media/marketing agency to see what happens? yes, it's about instagram and it's a must read. oliver: we spoke to the reporter. you wrote about what it's like to be an instagram or social media influencer. i don't know where to start. tell us what an influencer is. ofif you are under the age 25, you know all this but if you app up your instagram, the that facebook owns, you will notice in between your friends, there are some very attractive looking people wearing beautiful outfits with beautiful vacation shots and pictures of beautiful meals. many of these people are professionals. they are the equal and of models and what they are producing our little miniature lifestyle magazines. especially young people will follow this for style tips. advertisers will pay money to get into those feeds. it's a burgeoning new media ecosystem. for business

and shows how trump leads. begun you moneyed he has democrat in the running and arch rival in the party and someone on the far extreme on the other side. he has a broad, diverse pool of applicants to choose from. and i think that just kind of goes with trump how he will lead in the next four years regardless of media and he's choose the first person ever the job in the career running the business. >> what's interesting john huntsman former am bar door of china appointed by barack obama he was republican governor of utah for a long while and said four years lightser i'm done i'll run against barack obama. well regarded. >> very well regarded and given what's going on with china and taiwan i think minutesman would be interesting choice i respected him when he someed both sides of the aisle and served president obama administration as am bar door to china that's a smart choice running for secretary of state. >> brandon let me get your overall take so far how the president-elect trump and transition team has done s

how did you adjust to that personally? kevin: it is not an easy answer because of not sure this in a guidebook for it. what you begin to realize is that money matters in the sense that it puts a roof above your head and it feeds you and your family, but beyond that, what matters most is your impact on the world. your relationships with people, your family, your friends. i think what you realize is that a lot of people work their entire lives to make more money in a fruitless voyage, when really what you should really be aimed at is what should your impact beyond the world. i've had to learn a lot. someone who didn't manage a single person six years ago now we've got a big team of 500 plus people. that make you change quickly. you learn a lot of patience, how to communicate more clearly. to have resolve in tough situations. not just personnel situations, but company situations. you learn to ride the bumps a little bit more easily. emily: you are 32 years old. do you ever want to start something new? kevin: totally. whether

how do they compare and how are they organized in how they look to create capable platforms? >> i think our advantage is the great people we have that work within our industry in terms of their technical capability. there is a lot less of an impediment to achieve -- to achieve the bjective if it is state run. we need to create a gps divide environment and we wanted in six months and you will do everything you need to do to ake it happen. if we have to get to companies are five companies working on it, that's hat they are able to do some a what they are able to do some a control the ways and means and production to achieve their objectives. whereas in our systems, many of them are ublicly owned companies and we publicly owned companies and we have shareholders to answer to. when things don't go well, you ave shareholders and activists dicey environment. we are all very aware of our environment and it's not the end of the world, but i think they can get things done a little quicker hen they need to. our job is things done a little quicker when they need to. our job is going to

how did it get started? >> well, a chemist in britain named james smithson, who never set foot in north america, somehow was enamored of the american experiment in the early 19th century, and so he decided to give his -- to bequest his whole worth, about a half million dollars in those days to the united states, and after some deliberation, the united states decided to accept it, and set up something. and mr. smithson, in his bequest wrote he wanted the institution to be oriented toward what he called the increase and diffusion of knowledge. that's what the smithsonian has turned out to be. right now there are 19 museums and galleries, the national zoo, always a favorite, nine research centers, 215 affiliate museums around the united states, traveling exhibition service, and a lot of other things. our collection is 156 million objects, including 2 million books and 154 million other things that range from biological specimens to the ruby slippers to the hope diamond and many other things. and i want to just

how do you pay for it? there are important questions in there that shouldn't get lost. >> as a long-term investor myself. growth is great. but you have got to remember how you actually get the growth. and if we get to the point where it's just about government spending, and government infrastructure projects, i think the stock market is going to be looking at that in a very concerned way. i think it's important that people remember that. it's good, it's great. the animal spirits are great. the christmas trees, the parties. you are not demonized to be a banker. trish: just a journalist. gary: but growth is great but you have got to be able to pay for it. trish: that doiltsd for this week's show. merry christmas. happy hanukkah. we'll see you next week right back here.that's all we got for. good night from new york. thank you so much for joining us. >> announcer: from fox business head quartr quarters in new york city, the new "wall street week." anthony: welcome to "wall street week." trish: investors are ri

how do you pay for it? there are important questions in there that shouldn't get lost. >> as a long-term investor myself. growth is great. but you have got to remember how you actually get the growth. and if we get to the point where it's just about government spending, and government infrastructure projects, i think the stock market is going to be looking at that in a very concerned way. i think it's important that people remember that. it's good, it's great. the animal spirits are great. the christmas trees, the parties. you are not demonized to be a banker. trish: just a journalist. gary: but growth is great but you have got to be able to pay for it. trish: that doiltsd for this week's show. merry christmas. happy hanukkah. we'll see you next week right back here. sometimes when brushing my gums bleed. no big deal. but my hygienist said, it is a big deal. go pro with crest pro health gum protection. it helps prevent gum bleeding by targeting harmful bacteria on your gums. left untreated, these symptoms c

how did it get started? >> well, a chemist in britain named james smithson, who never set foot in north america, somehow was enamored of the american experiment in the early 19th century, and so he decided to give his, to bequest his whole worth, about a half million dollars in those days to the united states, and after some deliberation, the united states decided to accept it, and set up something and mr. smithson, in his bequest wrote he wanted the institution to be oriented toward what he called the increase and defusion of knowledge. that's what the smithsonian has turned out to be. right now there are 19 museums and galleries, the national zoo, always a favorite, nine research centers, 215 affiliate museums around the united states, traveling exhibition service, and a lot of other things. our collection is 156 million objects, including 2 million books and 154 million other things that range from biological specimens to the ruby slippers to the hope diamond and many other things and i want to put anothe

lemonis: how are you? steve: good, how are you doing? lemonis: it's been about two weeks since i tasked ana and steve with the simple greek project. and so i wanted to see what the two of them have come up with. i wanted you to meet sam lundy. he oversees simple greek concept. the simple greek job is more significant than i think they realize. each location would buy about $20,000 worth of furniture. there are about 250 franchises already signed up. that would equal about $5 million in business. by the way, that's more than pacific and grafton do combined in a year. i want to get the job right, i want to get the presentation right, and i want to win the business. you want to take him through your presentation first? steve: basically, i thought of the simple greek concept, simple and greek. so i elected to do a blue and white and butcher block. small-scale, comfortable. i also did an all-wood, bent plywood, very durable. i have a banquette, so i did the detailed piping. and for value engineering, we could eliminate this component and put

i mean, so -- then how did the war -- how did the war progress from that point on? so i think the iraq war and then obviously connecting it to what's going on today, i think michael gordon is working on probably another volume and he's very good. been very good. i think that's the contemporary history -- histories that are going to stand the test of time. his cobra and end game books. in the next volume. what other -- what other conflicts need to be written more about? gosh, you know, i think there's always -- you know, as my adviser at the university of north carolina dick cohen said, he said, don't think that there's -- too much writing on a particular topic, right? because there's always another good book or a different -- different approach you can take or access to new materials. i mean, heck, look at what rick atkinson did in world war ii. he's written a lot about it. and he took the story's approach of doing multiarchival research and uncovering through his investigative journalism background papers that were in people's attics. all kinds of new materials. lo

my questioniÑis, how exactly di they do it or did they do it and how did that work zvçout. >> was able to helpym people outside germany better than those who were -- rather than those who are resettledç. i think the most effective part, which is the one that's been the least reallyym looked at which why i add the other ten million to the to the total this week. refugee populations in africa. we look primarily at the÷ú refue populations in central jurp. they did a great job in france.v they did an okay job in italy. but i think they really did an extraordinaryç job÷ú -- when y look at some of the -- the other side of the÷ú mediterranean something.zv this is where unicef really takes off. you have a very bankrupt give way to çunicef and to the worl health organization and they begin to really takeç on -- an really honest i'm really rusty on this and so i have to go back and pull out all my documents. i will argue that there's aç greatest impact that was ever had was in africa and in the creation of the direct agencies tha(5 gave specific services to refugee populations an

so, how do you see that landscape and how do you see cognitive computing? >> how many of you spend time on the topic of cyber? almost everyone that runs a company having because i do it from running our company perspective and obviously doesn't matter. every day because a bad guy gets smarter, so we are all doing something unto us it's a business as well and we are the largest enterprise secure it coming out there. the secret of it, i think, is this is a world that is so complex on this topic that you have to assume whenever you do the bad guy is in already and therefore the answer will be related and you will be surprised to some sort of massive real-time analytics. you're constantly looking for something that is slightly astray whether that's in data, flow, relationships, behavior, trade surveillance, whatever it is and is so the future will be one you could put a cloud in and clouds are actually because they are more standard they will be more secure. we need in this country and we do get legislation. we still had to get through thee senate was sharing o

just how fast is the sea ice melting? research scieientit julienne stroeve is working with the national science foundation to find out. >>> i knknow the importance e of snow anand ice in helelping rege the planet's temperature, it's one of the reasons i went intoto studying snow and ice because it's very important to our climate system. and i don't think it really was until about 2002, 2003 that we started to really start paying attention to what's happening in the arctic, because before that we would have, you know, we'd have low sea ice in the 1990s and then it would be followed by a high sea ice year, but what started happening in 2000 is you'd have a low sea ice year and another low sea ice year, and it just kept happening and happening year after year. and that was the thing we hadn't seen before, at least during the last sort of 50 years o of data collectioion. and then when 2007 happened, where you had 26% drop from the previous september in 2006, and everybody was like, what is going on? 'cause nobody expected tha

this is how a man walks. this is how he talks. this is how he speaks to another man. this is how he speaks to a woman. and i think when you're getting that stimulus so much from the outside world you start to lose your grip on what your idea of masculinity is. i think if you're a man growing up in the world we grew up in, is very key to your identity, you know,. and it becomes harder to self-identify. you know, the more you're refugee this sort of both positive and negative reinforcement of what masculinity should look like. >> gl you come to the realization that sharon is gay. how does that affect relationship. >> i think she finds it disgusting, and unpalatable, and a further rejection of her son as well. and i think she genuinely fears for his safety and what that means growing up in the kind of community they're growing up. it's not something that's going to be easily accepted by anyone in that community. >> rose: here is a look at the week ahead. sunday is christmas day. monday is the start of the 72nd sydney to hob artyacht race. tuesday is the day president oba

how does that look? andrew: i think that europe will be the best performing market in the world next year and the reason for that is that things are bad and are priced bad. we are coming off one decade of the worst performance in your of relative to the global market. ever. stocks are priced as if nothing is going to get better. ,ook at brexit or this election looking at what's going on in europe, there is a movement more towards stimulating economic growth. i think that value stocks are going to work very well here. scarlet: all right, andrew slimmon, you're going to stick with us. coming up we are going to discuss asia. the malaysian currency, crude oil, it's going to change a little bit. this is bloomberg. ♪ >> let's get to first word news. for shots are being fired and what's likely to be a confirmation battle over donald trump's pick for secretary of state. marco rubio says he has serious concerns about exxon mobil ceo rex tillerson. over the weekend the question is ties to russia. he is a member

number one, how to fulfill the campaign pledges. i think health care really wasn't part of the national conversation other than to repeal the affordable care act or to preserve it. there was not a real reach debate about the future of medicare. there was not a rich debate how fraud, abuse, core cms programs should operate. the transition teams need to think about two things, number one, fulfill campaign promises and how to implement campaign promises and number two, how to get ready for nuts and bolts decisions. you may have a very well thought out plan how to implement those discretionary decisions but you're going to get hit with crises from day one. for example, during my time coming into cms in 2009, there were public health crisis that cms had to respond to. there were medicare regulations that had statutory deadlines, pentup decisions from the previous team that still had to be decided. transition teams need to be staffed, prepared to function, prepared how to make day one decisions. so a team will come into cms on january 22n

system and how angry they were and how much concern there was about the economic future and said to myself okay there's no way they can put essentially the incumbent back in. i would have had to have tilted in my analysis against the top line but you can read the bottom line of this and the exit polls as well explaining it. >> on the evening for a bit of a party. we had pizzas delivered and we even bought a fringe to stock with beer which we did and a group of us all trying to stay busy and look useful. i went to be pub at about 7:00 and i got back at about 8:30. i remember watching the peso climbing and climbing and when you look at it you can actually see a movement and this thing was inching up and up and up and at that point i realized we could be in for a shock and at that point the pizzas didn't get eaten but the beer was left untouched and i just tried to stay useful by hammering out something about u.s. stocks in japan which were open at that point. >> there was a similar dynamic at the journal the day of the election. we put in a plan where half of us on the banking team would be

so, how do we fold in law. -- how do we fold in law? how do we transition from autobiography to biography. how could something quintessentially rooseveltian the grand strategy question mark key is eclectic, he is a juggler, he's not a particularly deep thinker. he's a procrastinator. -- it'sgement style is noteworthy when he dictates a diary entry. he has some sense that this is a world historical moment. then i will make three points about it. words statement of war and peace aims and its negotiated as part of a three-day conference between fdr and churchill and various members of their seniors off the coast of newfoundland. that is why the atlantic charter because they are somewhere in the atlantic area the conference's secrets and in fact roosevelt has a decoy roosevelt up and down the cape cod canal. a secret service man pretending to be roosevelt. is eclectic. i will not go through them. this is an eclectic mix of provisions amounting to again,ly a rehash -- it's a good pairing. i realize this is a kind of a do over opportunity, mi

how did that come about? mr. buffett: in 1973, the washington post company had gone public in 1971, about the time of the pentagon papers. but in 1973 the nixon administration, through a pal of nixon's, they were challenging the licenses of two of the four television stations. so the stock went from 37 down to 16. at 16, there were about 5 million shares. that was for $80 million. that included other assets and no debt to speak of. so the washington post company, intrinsically worth $400 million or $500 million was selling for $80 million. it was ridiculous. you have a business unquestionably worth five times what it was selling for, and mr. nixon was not going to put them out of business. david: when you are doing these analyses, then and now, do you have computers that help you? did you get printed materials or how did you in those days, how did you read about the washington post, and how do you do it today? mr. buffett: same way, but fewer opportunities now. i met bob woodward and he came up with all the presi

how do jobs get affected? how can technology be applied to areas perhaps that hasn't been looked at? a shared dog walking service? that is interesting for like 0.05% of the world. but things that help with agriculture and health care and other areas that haven't been looked at by a lot of the tech firms, that is going to be critically important. trying to address some of those issues is part of the problem. caroline: what will investors demand? until now, it is don't be evil, but will investors start to say, it is part of your corporate responsibility? >> that would be wonderful, but as we know, investors by and large are worried about the next quarter. there has been a reevaluation of silicon valley. how do we organize our companies for the long term benefit? you've got amazon and these companies like google and facebook that have been able to insulate themselves from the market, but not everybody can do that. you've got efforts like the long-term stock exchange to try to create a new set of rules for compani

how far are we? is there an annotated bill of rights that you can say based on judicial interpretations and statutory elaborations that answers most of the questions that might arise under it? or is there a great unknown that is related to what those very eloquent words mean. >> we just started the seniority thing but -- >> it's actually amazing how often as a practicing lawyer and judge i can't believe this hasn't been answered by now. and that's because the fences are written in the constitution, the country itself keeps growing and changing the nature of government changes. a new questions arise in technologies come along and what's a reasonable search of a stagecoach versus a reasonable search of a car using gps technology. how do you answer those questions? so the issues do keep changing and coming up in new forms. on the d.c. circuit we have jurisdiction over guantÁnamo. and how the constitution applies to enemy combatants detained in land rented by the united states in a foreign country. as i

it has changed drastically in how we communicate and how we absorb news and how we seek news. i don't think i know at the baby boom generation. there is no editorial filter that exists at all. it's both good and bad. it will determine an awful lot about how news is absorbed. we kind of self select these days. we watch what we agree with. liberal democrats don't watch a whole lot of fox news except for self-defense. i'm serious, think about it. with the consumption of news is. and think about the fact that four years ago more people got their news under the age of 40 from jon stewart john stewart than any other single medium in the country. is neither good nor bad. but it is a change. and the way we can generate that. i also this has been a is been a very tough election. it has been divisive in course. it has been dispiriting and with more a battle of personalities than it was ideas in my view. as the vice president of the united states. they were traveling to meet with virtually every i know i've been every single one. every major have of state not to give them important. and

how does this in? i spent on with him trying to understand how this problem really and why he could never get out of it. want of the things i thought humbling when i do think of his case, most of us like to believe and -- we would never let something like this girl and get out of control which is what happened. there's no underlying business. it's a ponzi scheme, in the classic sense. there's no way he could've imagined by the late nineties he coulcould've ever gotten out of this. the question though is at what point, a question i've asked myself, in that if people around you are putting on a pedestal, clamoring to give you more money, you go home on friday night on your dinner with your wife, your two kids, and then you say you know what? this is enough. i should call the sec, the doj because this needs to end. i think most of us what we would do is say, we know this needs to end. i'll do that next week. the next week comes and it's the same repeat. you say i know this is wrong, it needs to stop but i

the rules for how our market works, that is how government works, how institutions within the community work, that is not really what we, that is not what our discipline does and does not necessarily top of mind. it is exciting to see people start to think about that. i think in many of the economic trends i've highlighted, and in this recent election, should push us to better understand the role of institutions and trust in institutions and how this affects, how inequality affects them and how that in turn affects economic growth and stability. one thing is that while our model predicts, we can compensate losers in the economy. we can say that if we have a trade deal that is good overall for the economy and promotes growth and will be good for the united states, but some communities are devastated by it, we think as economists, you can compensate those folks, you can give them money or retraining. the hard part is that that hasn't happened in the real world. those families are not compensated to the extent of what they have lost. i was at an event in north carolina a number of years ag

notice how the close look clean. those of us who have experience -- know how difficult that is. look at the artistic backdrop. these are people that have paints, taking time to make signs. they have access to a camera that they can use to take this commemorative picture. here we have a exhibition poster. they are memorializing their own immigration. they have space for an exhibit. there is time to put together the exhibit. there are visitors that are coming -- this is an advertisement. here we have an example of one the most interesting things that i found. throughout 1945 there are huge commemorations for the warsaw ghetto uprising of 1943. in many of these camps, the majority and almost exclusively be your people -- at least a dozen cans had a commemoration such as this in 1945 -- i will be giving a paper on these commemorations in south africa next year if any of you will be in cape town in march. and eventually, this group of polish jews eventually returns home. now, what does home mean? this is a money, basically, from the repatriation fund that is given to people as they c

it's how we live. [ chuckles ] the stories that we share, how we sing and how we dance. but most of all, it's what we eat. ♪

how will you use the podium? how will he use the oval office? there's been a lot of back and forth in recent years with networks and sean has more context than i do but there's often resistance to putting a presidential address upon the the air in primetime at 9:00, programming that is otherwise pretty lucrative and we want to put up. i doubt some out if he wants to and oval office address that's going to pose as much of a problem. but we will see. >> i talked to him on the phone and december 2015. i want to talk to donald trump about suspect he will call you in 10 minutes. to realize we have interviewed the president, the incoming president is kind of incredible thing. that shows the difference of hillary clinton a little bit. those situations didn't really happen with hillary clinton. going forward, you might be able to tell us donald trump was famous for calling control rooms or executive producers can maybe he called the head of nbc himself. if you want to tell us about any of those experiences, did you ever get a phone call from donald trum

how old were you? >> he is reading -- i was reading mad magazine. how old were you? >> i was reading that. >> how old were you? >> 13. >> now we all look bad. this is a question, two questions writers and people who work in the field of books hate the most, when is what should i read? immediately you draw a blank and the other, who does your favorite writer a favorite writers and even when you pluralize, it is terrifying, to be mean and really want to know i will ask that. let's start with dave barry, your favorite writers. >> i like jay mcirnerny. maria semple. dave barry. amy chan. my contemporaries. >> you can do contemporary or people who are long dead. >> too many people that i like. >> who do you love? you know you will run out and get their book. the people you love, every time they write a book you will run out and get that book. >> morrison. so many new writers that i like. >> you talk about other people. >> you want me to say who i don't like? >> to the dead people. >> i will get in trouble. >> who do you love? >> contemporary people, they had a book coming

how do you respond? >> we have seen how we do in fact balance privacy and security everyday. until recently, apple was able to comply with our requests, and they have some of the strongest security out there. we have not seen that parade of horrible conclusions in those cases either. >> there has to be some discussion about how to solve this problem if there is, but you cannot conscript a private company such as apple to do something that changes products. we have civil rights that prevent that sort of thing. david: the u.s. said it may not need apple's help in unlocking the iphone used by a terrorist in the san bernardino attack. a judge has postponed a court hearing at the 11th hour before the oral arguments. the government said, we do not need you after all. if that is true, does that substantially undermine apple's position that these phones are not as protected as we thought? >> i think apple can and has done things in places like china that we might not want to talk about publicly. >> the department of justice withdrawing legal action against apple after they bypassed t

how do you think -- how have you interacted with your peers now and how do you see politics that you have changed republican politics for the future? >> the good thing i didn't have peers in political digital. i didn't know everybody thought i wasn't doing a good job until i read it in the newspaper. to the entire campaign, i made zero initiative to make any of the marketing about myself until i think jared in the bloomberg article that came out -- it was a couple weeks before. that was the first time i had officially talked to the press, other than you. it was a month before, right? we gave away little bits. people didn't know what we had running. it wasn't until the last week, until the end understood that heck, we had a huge operation. there was a lot of things we did -- can you hear me? significantly different. the entire campaign for the last couple months ran around digital and data. meaning, where mr. trump went on the ground, where we bought our media, how we bought our shows, how we bought -- how we made our tv commercials, the rnc -- i was the rnc liaison as well. i met and

charlie: and how t -- and how he changed it? into how he had helped with reparations and rings like that. things likeand that. charlie: he rode the tiger. >> i spoke to david axelrod and he thought the campaign that donald trump is running will ultimately come back to bite him. he said they have wrote the tiger and it will come back to him. it didn't quite work out like that. ♪ ♪ how disappointed, the ,rgument was made at the time my guess is he believed he could have one. won. he couldn't believe this campaign was taking place? >> i think he definitely leaved he could have -- he definitely coulded -- believed he have won. when i talked to him after, i got optimism. barack obama trademark optimism. he said we are going to be ok. charlie: he said some of that publicly. >> it was hard to square with some of the campaign rhetoric he had offered up in the months before. that's held that this was not just another republican candidate, this is a unique threat to this very institutions. write i have music of that i played. while i

so we need to start thinking about how do we spend, how do we plan, how do we prioritize. we talked about the f-35 a little bit. but i also heard, as we put the together the new budget, as the air force was considering major big-ticket items, i heard that -- and these were just people thinking out loud, but maybe we should kick the new icbm down the road, the gbsd down the road, because we need to pay for the f-35 now. why in the world is the f-35 competing with our nuclear triad? that makes no sense. we need to have the nuclear triad. we need to have the f-35 fighter jet. in no reality does it make sense to punt on what i would argue is quite possibly the backbone of our nuclear triad, something that we absolutely need and we can't afford to kick it down to the right. we need to prioritize programs, figure out what the united states is going to prioritize, what we need, what we can no longer afford to punt on. then we need to figure out how many of these items we can buy at once so we're not having this trickle effect and just creating a lot of extra cost on that end as w

how did that come about? mr. buffett: in 1973, the washington post company had gone public in 1971, about the time of the pentagon papers. but in 1973, the nixon administration through a pal of nixon's, they were challenging the licenses of two of the florida television stations that the post owned. so the stock went from 37 down to 16. now at 16, there were about 5 outstanding, so the whole washington post company was selling for $80 and no debt to speak of. so the washington post company, intrinsically worth $400 million or $500 million was selling for $80 million in the market. we bought most of our stock at about the equivalent of $100 million in the market. it was ridiculous. you had a business that unquestionably was worth four or five times what it was selling for, and mr. nixon was not going to put them out of business. david: when you are doing these analyses, then and now, do you have computers that help you? how did you actually read all materials to read about the washington post, and how do you do it

how did you do that? guest: i met a few agents who worked with influencers and help them become who they are. agents, daniel saint, he and i were having a column -- having a conversation. thisre saying can any of he taught? can anyone become an influencer? he said, "yes." he introduced me to all the right people and told me what to wear and who i should hire for my photographs. carol: this was really a controlled environment. thing that was most eye-opening to me, you see these people on instagram and think they are using the platform like i do. havenswer is no, they professional photographers, connections with brands that get the new call -- new clothes all the time. i spoke with somebody who runs the instagram account for a dog. it is a sheila e. new -- it is a shiba inu that wears clothing. all of the people who work on it, you have to have the photo shoots, you have your professional photographer. i asked her about her agent end she said i got a new agent. it's like an animal agent. it's an agent for

in the '90s, yeah. >> rose: i want to talk about, one, how you became tiger, how you lost it and how you can regain it. we'll talk a little bit about that. why golf in the first place? >> well -- that's a great question. i have played it basically all pi life. i played baseball, i was a pitcher, i ran track and cross country. i liked doing those sports but i didn't love it. i kept coming back to golf. i kept finding myself running the miles in track and especially cross country, getting all that mileage in to get ready to play golf. when i was on the mound throwing, i'm thinking, okay, this is, like, number one, i've got to position my shot on the right side to have the fairway, this ball has to be outside. my mind kept coming back to golf. whatever i was doing, it kept coming back to golf. >> rose: you watched your father hit balls in the garage up against a net? >> i did. it was one of those el niÑo years, so pops wasn't allowed to go out there and hit the amount of range balls because it was hosen down rain, storm after storm kept coming in southern cal, and i just happened to be

but how about the environment? i would wake up and it was kinde of foggy and i would wake up and my eyes sting. it was the buckle of america's energy belt, more petrochemicals come means being lowered in width and incentive money in order to use the cheap natural gas produced by fracking. people were drinking bottled water so it was like let's look at the environment here.e. it was staring me in the face. it was unavoidable.at one i discovered lat lake charles io the soutandthe south louisiana a center of thisis petrochemical the stry which was most polluted in the country yet there was non discussion of the need toting regulate and people were voting for people that said nothing about pollution. so there it was in the red state paradox. i want to take you on a journey with me to meet some of the most extraordinary, interesting,ing,l complex, lovely, caring people who were at the center of this paradox. meet harold and a annette. i am seated on a soft living room couch in the home of harold, a gentle cajun pipefitt

and everybody in asia will look at how the u.s. deals with iran to see how the u.s. will deal with north korea. there is a certain way in which our allies look to other u.s. alliance relationships to understand more about the nature of their own alliance relationships with the united states. i think there's a connection there which they certainly see and which we don't see, because mike's on a whole different floor with me. it's impossible to have a conversation! and there's not that -- >> we do watch you. >> up the back there, please. >> i am with united states of africa 2017 project task force. i'm from africa originally. i'm 73 years old, so i'm usually very sensitive when i hear people talking about what was created after world war ii, this american leadership in the world and the international liberal order, international order. i always wonder, people who don't look like me and people in the rest of the world don't look like you, five up there and most in here. they do get their authority, their consent with the referendum that you should be doing this. i see t

but how can you tell? it is absolutely so much colder when the wind blows, that is called wind—chill, and for warm blooded animals like us maintaining the core body temperature in these conditions is increasingly hard as the wind blows so what we do with this sheep is we maintain them at 39 degrees, with... this array of heaters. and we also have a microcomputer. and what the computer is recording is how much energy the sheep is using to keep that temperature in the prevailing conditions. so we will pop it back in and have a look in a minute to see how much energy she is using. if i was a sheep farmer, what difference does it make to me, this research here? ok, so, forfarmers, farming is essentially all about energy, we record the energy that is in that, the food that the animals eat, but there is also energy out in the equation, and weather it's a big part of that, keeping warm uses an awful lot of energy. can i do something on my farm to help my sheep keep warm? planning your farm with weather in mind,

we're going to interview tim so we can find out how to do this better. how you doing? >> doing great. i'll have to take you on the road with me, that was incredible. >> being called the oprah of radio, that's a pretty big headline. >> it is. think it's the resemblance but it's been a passion project for last two years. it was an accident. it was never expected to really do much of anything. so here we are. >> some of the best things are. you were doing what you lowed loved and you had a passion for it. >> exactly. >> when you interviewed all these successful pea, which i think is so awesome, was there a thread, something that went through the people? >> there were a lot of common threads. one of them was at least 80% have a daily mindfulness or meditation practice. about that. for whatever reason, men tend to gravitate towards transmetal meditation. the women tend to gravitate towards depasana. it's just two different types of meditation. even arnold schwarzenegger meditated for a year. he did that consistently for a year. stopped. and saw the benefits for the next two

charlie: how then do you create art, how then do you write a song? regina: i feel like if i knew exactly the answer i would have a lot more songs, first of all. but second of all, i think it's but second of all, i think it's a combination of letting certain stories and certain emotions -- there's like an intake process and then an output process and then when things kind of live through your system and you meet certain inspiring individuals, you read certain inspiring things, you see enough stories unfold before your eyes, then you are compelled to in that moment to write a song. but i don't really know. i do feel like it's inspiration and sometimes it happens and sometimes it doesn't. charlie: when you write songs, do you think of melody? do you think of the music? or is it simply words that you'll find the music for later? regina: no, i usually write at the same time. so i will go to the piano and i will sing the words and play the piano and it kind of comes out at the same time. and then i sort of play it over and over, maybe sometimes 500 times i