or would soviet union. [inaudible] >> hello. a fulbright scholar, i'm going to ask you about the role of global institutions. i'm wondering how you would respond to the criticism that even if you call this book of world history, is still a history of east versus west. still history of the global north. if we look at the role of global institutions before the global society what we see is a very dynamic discussion about the experiences some of socialism and the ideas of regimes versus global socialist regimes. we also see a dynamism and evolution of ideas of the systems coming from global countries themselves. i wonder how you would respond to that criticism and where these actors in your story? >> so the questions do me a great honor by coming to listen to me. your own work has influenced my understanding of the cold war. if we had change, in a way it would've been a different book, it depends on how you employ the true terms. the reason why called my 2005 is built into the cold war the book as you know is best understood as a f

works of railamerica, we take a look at video great things on the soviet union. is a 15rnal propaganda minute film from 1995, and telling what the cia argues is a vast system of indoctrination that discourages individualism and encourages passive acceptance of chrome and roles from cradle-to-grave. in 2011, the information management service classified over 200 documents regarding intelligent on the soviet union. the cia provided the reagan administration, including enemies were video briefings created by the director of intelligence for policymakers. >> the soviet communist party has not faced a serious internal threat to its political rule since the 1920's. yet after years of force sacrifices by the population, shortages of food and clothing process. housing remains inadequate. intellectual and artistic expression are stifled. and growing corruption reaches all levels of society. the soviet people respond with the public displays of cynicism, but they almost never openly challenge the authority of the leadership. the soviet regime does not hesitate to enforce i

on "reel america," we continue to look at 1980's cia briefings on the soviet union. this details what the agency argued was a vast system of indoctrination in the soviet union, which discouraged individualism and encouraged passive acceptance of kremlin rule from cradle to grave. in 2011, the cia's information management services declassified over 200 documents regarding intelligence on the soviet union that the cia provided the reagan administration. included in the release were video briefings created by the directorate of intelligence for policymakers. >> the soviet communist party has not faced a serious internal threat to its political rule since the 1920's. yet, after years of force sacrifices by the population, shortages of food and clothing persist. housing remains inadequate. intellectual and artistic expression are stifled. and growing corruption reaches all levels of society. the soviet people respond with public displays of cynicism, but they almost never openly challenge the authority of the leadership. the soviet regime does not hesitate to enforce its

works of up next, we continue to take a look at the soviet union. the internal propaganda is a 15 minute film from 1995, and telling what the cia argues is a vast system of indoctrination that discourages individualism and encourages passive acceptance of chrome and roles from cradle-to-grave. in 2011, the information management service classified over 200 documents regarding intelligent on the soviet union. the cia provided the reagan administration, including enemies were video briefings created by the director of intelligence for policymakers. >> the soviet communist party has not faced a serious internal threat to its political rule since the 1920's. yet after years of force sacrifices by the population, shortages of food and clothing process. housing remains inadequate. intellectual and artistic expression are stifled. and growing corruption reaches all levels of society. the soviet people respond with the public displays of cynicism, but they almost never openly challenge the authority of the leadership. the soviet regime does not hesitate to

we continue to look at 1980's briefings on the soviet union. minute the 15 unit -- 15 film from 1985. in 2011, the cia information management service declassified over 200 documents according intelligence on the soviet union that the cia provided at reagan administration. included were video briefings traded by the directorate of intelligence for policymakers. >> the soviet communist party has not faced a serious internal threat to its political rule since the 1920's. yet after years of force sacrifices by the population, shortages of food and clothing process. housing remains inadequate. intellectual and artistic expression are stifled. and growing corruption reaches all levels of society. the soviet people respond with the public displays of cynicism, but they almost never openly challenge the authority of the leadership. the soviet regime does not hesitate to enforce its role through the violent suppression of individual liberty, but april -- but it prefers to use less onerous methods of control like various propaganda techniques. the use of

media are presented in the soviet union as typical. for example, in chicago, a -- unionhuman organizer was murdered in 1983. two years later, the only mention is a brief story on the inside page of the chicago tribune. that story was about a march held in his memory. russia reviewed the case as an alleged case of big business keeping workers subjugated. another kind of soviet manipulation is the russian "working."the book the u.s. version reports successes and failures in nearly 600 pages. the russian translation is about one third as long and emphasizes the failures and disappointments of working americans. the soviet media portrays the u.s. political system as an oligarchy ruled by the capitalists who control the impoverished masses. moscow radio said the american public has been lost by the demagoguery of those who have been bought by capital. they say american society is repressive eared they say -- is repressive and are in the opposition of their own people. they have said that thousands of political listeners alike pushing in pri

media are presented in the soviet union as typical. for example, in chicago, a hispanic union organizer was murdered in 1983. two years later, the only mention of him in u.s. media is a brief story on the inside page of the chicago tribune. that story was about a march held in his memory. but they had a three-part series to review the case as an alleged case of big business keeping workers subjugated. another kind of soviet manipulation is the russian edition of the book "working." the u.s. version reports successes and failures in nearly 600 pages. the russian translation is about one third as long and emphasizes the failures and disappointments of working americans. the soviet media portrays the u.s. political system as an oligarchy, ruled by the capitalists who control the impoverished masses. moscow radio said the american has been lulled by the demagoguery of those who have been bought by capital. they say american society is repressive and are in the opposition of a majority of their own people. they have said that thousands of p

media are presented in the soviet union as typical. for example, in chicago, a hispanic union organizer was murdered in 1983. two years later, the only mention is a brief story on the inside page of the chicago tribune. that story was about a march held in his memory. but russia reviewed the case as an alleged case of big business keeping workers subjugated. another kind of soviet manipulation is the russian edition of the book "working." the u.s. version reports successes and failures in nearly 600 pages. the russian translation is about one third as long and emphasizes the failures and disappointments of working americans. the soviet media portrays the u.s. political system as an oligarchy ruled by the capitalists who control the impoverished masses. moscow radio said the american public has been lost by the demagoguery of those who have been bought by capital. they say american society is repressive and are in the opposition of their own people. they have said that thousands of political prisoners are languishing in u.s. prisons tod

borders soviet union helped build and to have options a second. thanks for talking to you professor at the national institute of languages and civilizations you know. saudi arabia suspended its dialogue with kantaras qatari media were accused of misreporting phone conversations between the emir of qatar and saudi arabia's defense minister donald trump urged the gulf states teen night against iran and expressed his willingness to act as mediator between doha and riyadh early though the u.s. president to lead counsel was a sponsor of terrorism if i can help mediate between cutter and in particular the u.a.e. and saudi arabia i would be willing to do so the nation of qatar unfortunately has historically been a funder of terrorism. at a very high level donald trump made those remarks in june when four countries in the region first diplomatic transport links with the gulf nation saudi arabia egypt bahrain and the u.a.e. all accuse capital of supporting terrorism the us has its largest air base in the middle east encounter around eleven thousand america

and soviet union as moral equals. mr. reagan came to the berlin wall to try to prove that isn't so. >> thank you. there is one sign the soviets can make that would be unmistakable. general secretary gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you saek pros perty for the soviet union and eastern europe, if you seek libelization, mr. gorbachev, tear down this wall. >> in the middle of celebrations of its 750th anniversary. the president suggested this occasion could bring the two sides of the city together. but it hasn't. mr. gorbachev's already established himself as a slud political chess player. when mr. gorbachev is weak, however, is at home with an ailing economy. mr. gorbachev's dilemma is that he cannot move any faster than he can drag along party conservatives and the old guard. an agreement could politically strengthen his hand to deal with his greatest need at home, modernizing a third world economy. >> yes, i have a very brief statement. i'm pleased to report that i'm in route to denver here. i received a call from geneva a

the ar strike against soviet union. the number two was protecting lanes because a we knew the germans had tried in to cut off europe from the united states and world war ii in with submarines and will failed. but with the numbers of soviets were producing in one kwraoyear 60 o they could probably do it. so, we spent a lot of time, resources in the concept of protecting the convoys, which it turns out the soviets were not phrafpbing to go after. planning to go after. that was a secondary mission for them. i will close by saying there evening i will go into much more etail with some of the documents. also, i must take issue with my panel members. i often take issues with organizations and some of you me on tv and read my books and articles. totallyay the c.i.a. is wrong, incorrects and just unbelievably bad during the cold war lots of shots were fired and several score americans and score russians were kill killed. i will be happy to go into afterwards. thank you. >> i think he would like to make statement, too. the refer

union the dissolution of the soviet dissolution of the soviet union in one thousand nine hundred two and the emergence of the us as a hyper power striking the world. so what we're left with in north korea and specifically is that russia and china but neither one of them are proponents real proponents of the regime in north korea their people and it's not a real communist not that russia and china are communist anymore no matter how much americans like to believe that they are they certainly don't want a nuclear arms race in their backyards east asia but japan south korea looking develop nuclear weapons they don't want to but they don't want north korea to collapse. unilaterally with u.s. military bases running up north korean peninsula and you know they're you know faster because they want to be organic dissolution of north korea and the united korea the u.s. will never allow that to happen on terms that would allow south korea to emerge with its own sense of geopolitics that might draw even a little bit closer to china and towards more historical tag unism with japan. but i see this

union the dissolution of the soviet dissolution of the soviet union in one thousand nine hundred two and the emergence of the us as a hyper power striking the world. so what we're left with in north korea and specifically is that russia and china but neither one of them are proponents real proponents of the regime in north korea their people and it's not a real communists not that russia and china are communist anymore no matter how much americans like to believe that they are they certainly don't want a nuclear arms race in their backyards east asia but japan south korea looking develop nuclear weapons they don't want to but they don't want north korea to collapse. unilaterally with u.s. military bases running up north korean peninsula and you know it's very faster because they want to be organic dissolution of north korea and the united korea the u.s. will never allow that to happen on terms that would allow south korea to emerge with its own sense of geopolitics that might draw even a little bit closer to china and towards more historical tag unism with japan. but i see this is a

union in the early 1960's, was that soviet union was bleeding china drive. one of the reasons was soviet loans were five-year loans. they were repayable in short term. i haven't read much about the chinese being bled dry by the soviets in the late 50's and early 60's. the marshall plan to china and how that affects the relationship. it is a bit outside the scope of your book. it would be fascinating to hear your reflections on it. gregg: i was say that in their interesting source on soviet aid to china, what caused the collapse of this relationship at the economic level is another book in the same series as mine . i forgot what it is called. it deals with the sino-soviet split. what is interesting in his book. he deals with -- not only does -- this question of the soviets bleeding the chinese dry it also , has a lot to do with how the soviets were implementing there a projects on the ground. i like his interpretation in part because it gels more closely with mine. a lot of what he is saying in the book is the soviets were sometimes imperious and arrogant in

union the dissolution of the soviet dissolution of the soviet union in one thousand nine hundred two and the emergence of the us as a hyper power striking the world. so what we're left with in north korea and specifically is that russia and china but neither one of them are proponents real proponents of the regime in north korea their people and it's not a real communists not that russia and china are communist anymore no matter how much americans like to believe that they are they certainly don't want a nuclear arms race in their backyards east asia but japan south korea looking develop nuclear weapons they don't want to but they don't want north korea to collapse. unilaterally with u.s. military bases running up north korean peninsula and you know they're you know faster because they want to and organic dissolution of north korea and the united korea the u.s. will never allow that to happen on terms that would allow south korea to emerge with its own sense of geopolitics that might draw even a little bit closer to china and towards more historical tag unism with japan. but i see th

i'm speaking to you, the peoples of the soviet union on the occasion of the new year. let is consecrate this year to show not courage for war, but courage for peace. we owe this to mankind. we owe it to our children and their children and generations to come. happy new year, thank you and god bless you. >> cut. >> take that, mr. gorbachev. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ >> president reagan would like to leave for the summit with a ratified treaty in his pocket but he has not got it yet and the summit is only days away. >> so i think the summit should move quickly. >> that will be a tight squeeze to see that the president reaches that on the flight to moscow. >> if he goes out there without this treaty being ratified i would predict we'll have a terribly crippled president of the united states. usa, usa, usa! ♪ ♪ >> in the gorbachev era, the soviets have become image conscious, and leaving nothing to chance they have hired professional help. meet john, a washington, d.c. marketing public and relations man. his client is the soft government. its claimed that the soviets expect he w

and the soviet union. >> you know, you think about your children, your family, the people up the street. i mean, you know, what does washington know about these people? they don't care. >> these crazy people want to destroy this entire world and all of us in it. >> their new missiles on their side of europe, our new missiles on our side. two implacable opponents who know little more of each other than what they see on their tv screens. >> let us be aware while they preach the supremacy of the state, they are the focus of evil in the modern world. [ applause ] >> sound. and action. ♪ >> this is an abc news speal report, an address by the president of the united states. here is correspondent ted coppell. >> the president is about to speak on the balance of power between the united states and the soviet union. here now from the oval office is president reagan. >> my fellow americans, thank you for sharing your time with me tonight. the defense policy of the united states is based on a simple premise, the united states does not start fights. we will never be an aggressor. we maintain our

mikhail gorbachev, the vice president is becoming president of the soviet union. >> it was announced on television that gorbachev was ill and therefore, a committee would take charge until he recovered. >> a column of tanks is reported to be heading towards the russian parliament in moscow where thousands of people have gathered in defiance of the new soviet government. >> gorbachev's whereabouts are unknown. there are thoughts he is under house arrest. he certainly isn't able to act as he wants to. >> every year gorbachev liked to holiday on the black sea. and his aides showed up at his home and cut off communications and took away his nuclear codes. >> the kgb chief, the military commander, the minister of the interior and the prime minister joined forces to mount the coup. >> nothing threatens mr. gorbachev. he's in a safe place. except he needs some time to feel better. >> shevardnadze warned today that the right wing coup would have tragic consequences. >> it is the beginning of civil war. >> extraordinary drama in moscow tonight. scenes of destruction, of fire, even of blood on

it didn't happen in the soviet union for a very long time. so i guess my question is for this group is what is the timeline we're working against? do we have to produce results in five years? or is it good enough to produce results in 15 or 20? 20 or 30? understanding the timeline that we're working against, it strikes me as a correct cal questi -- critical question here. >> i've looked to the general, but anyone who's worked this issue, and i've been doing it since 2003, realizes this is a long-term effort. and we just need to start building that trust. weigh ne we need to stop the escalation that we're seeing and start moving forward and reversing and what we're seeing now is just the opposite. it's becoming that much more, that much more dangerous, because of the proliferation, the vitriolic commentaries and some of the other action. greg? ? >> i think it's important to continue to believe in transformation and the power of transformation. it is important to apply all elements of national power, diplomacy of course p must never be forgotte

affection for communism and the soviet union was not necessarily second nature or spokane. they might be anti-soviet on the other, they were very pro-soviet, very grateful that so much have been done for our world fair. ♪ of the fair came in early may of 1974. it's about 80,000 people who came to that. is a openingd speech. >> it's a great privilege to be toe on this beautiful day speak about what this particular occasion means, not only are now, and the days ahead in this summer. maybe millions will come to see it. looking down to the faces of history perhaps for the year 2000 -- 25 years from now. we celebrated new year that comes once a month thousand years. and when we look back to see a new yearnow -- that was not only the greatest new year for america but for every nation in the world. today we speak with the environment in terms that we should. when you share in the water/that this be a part of all of those other things that have to do with making our cities and towns and countryside more youthful. for children and those that follow us. another aspect of environmen

sixteenth street and volunteer his services to the soviet union. two months later, he also decided to provide his kgb handlers with the names of identifying information on every single one of our human sources reporting on the soviet union. those who were currently reporting, those who were long retired, those who were dormant. and in doing so, he knew full well what fate awaited them. they would be a arrested, they would be interrogated, they would face a trial, they would be convicted, and they would be executed. a bullet to the back of the head. is 1985. and our nightmare begins. vulcan invokv who we are handling in athens, greece, received a cable from his headquarters saying you are to return to moscow. he decides to defect and we bring him safely to the u.s. early august, our kgb assets, arrested in moscow during of a home leave. sometime between late august and inly october, are asset lisbon, portugal is also arrested in moscow also during a home leave. november 6, our kgb asset in washington d.c. boards and their -- a flight at dulles bound

spokane,lincher for was that for the first time since before world war ii, the soviet union exhibited at an american world's fair. not only did they come to spokane, but they came in force. a huge pavilion, three theaters within the pavilion. the irony of that is, spokane was and is somewhat more conservative, say than other parts of the country and affection for communism in the soviet union was not necessarily second nature to folks in spokane. but on the one hand, they might be anti-soviet, but on the other hand, they were very pro-soviet and very grateful that so much had been done for our worlds fair. the opening of the fair came in early may of 1974. and about 80,000 people came to that and richard nixon, president and said, gave the opening speech. -- president nixon, gave the opening speech. >> it is a pleasure to be here on this sparkling opening day to speak about what this particular occasion means, not only for now, and the days ahead in the summer where i hope hundreds of thousands and maybe millions will come to see it. but down on the pages of history perhaps to the yea

and soviet union as moral equals. mr. reagan came to the berlin wall to try to prove that isn't so. >> thank you. there is one sign the soviets can make that would be unmistakable. general secretary gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the soviet union and eastern europe, if you seek liberalization, mr. gorbachev, tear down this wall. >> berlin is in the middle of celebrations of its 750th anniversary. the president suggested this occasion could bring the two sides of the city together. but it hasn't. mr. gorbachev's already established himself as a shrewd political chess player. when mr. gorbachev is weak, however, is at home with an ailing economy. mr. gorbachev's dilemma is that he cannot move any faster than he can drag along party conservatives and the old guard. an agreement could politically strengthen his hand to deal with his greatest need at home, modernizing a third world economy. >> yes, i have a very brief statement. i'm pleased to report that i'm in route to denver here. i received a call

border soviet union helped poland to house ushered second. ok can see behind me now live pictures coming from florida we're showing you this because these are the first signs of the arrival there of hurricane you can see the gust building officials are warning of a large scale catastrophe in the offing the storm has weakened somewhat to a category three but it is expected to strengthen once again so every day one of the most powerful and take ocean hurricanes in recorded history has been also battering cuba which lies around four hundred kilometers south of miami and has left a trail of devastation in its white. heads towards the southern u.s. sky. panic stricken citizens have begun to flee. too many state highways were clogged with thousands of vehicles and gas stations have been running out of fuel the traffic nightmare. and it is being getting steadily worse. the florida governor's warned people in the leave. residents you've chosen to stay are taking precautions to try and avoid the damaged includes boarding up their windows. donovan has

it didn't happen in the soviet union for a very long time. i guess my question is for this group, what is the timeline we are working against the we have to produce results in five years or is a good enough to produce results in 15 or 20, 20 or 30? understand the timeline that we are working against strikes me as critical. >> i think anyone who is working this issue, and i look to greg and general gregson, but anyone who is working this issue and i've been doing it since 2003, realizes this is a long-term effort. we just need to start building that trust. we need to stop the escalation where seeing and we need to start moving forward and reversing it. what we're seeing now is just the opposite. it's become that much more dangerous because of the proliferation, that vitriolic commentaries and some of the other actions. >> i think it's important to continue to believe in transformation and the power of transformation. it is important to apply all elements of national power, diplomacy of course must never be forgotten. information has been menti

insight mr overtops insight and when the soviet union dissolved and america lost its long term cold war enemy the narrative or the big story that. our politicians had lived inside for generations went away and leave entered a state of kind of. a kind of. wilderness and our political leaders are still wandering around trying to figure out what the big story is now and they don't have one trump represents a representation of a different story a story of peace and prosperity and the the establishment republicans haven't really wrap their head around this yet i'm sorry to say. and democrats they love using this let's collusion between russians and team trump to undermine the president's lead legitimacy meanwhile republicans use russia to look strong and counter opposition pressure as russia just being gives as a bargaining chip here you know russia is is being portrayed as an imaginary hobgoblin remember mr arbiter of i will deprive you of your and then the our secret weapon. the political establishment feels that they need an enemy and they are painting russia as an enemy which is of c

this was a brilliant insight mr of the top of insight and when the soviet union dissolved and america lost its long term cold war enemy the narrative or the big story that. our politicians had lived inside for generations went away and we've entered a state of kind of. a kind of. wilderness and our political leaders are still wandering around trying to figure out what the big story is now and they don't have one trump represents a representation of a different story a story of peace and prosperity and the the establishment republicans haven't really wrap their head around this yet i'm sorry to say and democrats they love using this let's collusion between russians and team trump to undermine the president's lead legitimacy meanwhile republicans use russia to look strong and counter opposition pressure as russia just being gives as a bargaining chip here you know russia is is being portrayed as an imaginary hobgoblin remember mr arbiter of i will deprive you of your enemy or secret weapon. the political establishment feels that they need an enemy and they are painting russia as an enem

this was a brilliant insight mr of the top of insight and when the soviet union dissolved and america lost its long term cold war enemy the narrative or the big story that. our politicians have lived inside for generations went away and leave entered a state of kind of. a kind of. wilderness and our political leaders are still wandering around trying to figure out what the big story is now and they don't have one trump represents a representation of a different story a story of peace and prosperity and the the establishment republicans haven't really wrap their head around this yet i'm sorry to say and democrats they love using this let's collusion between russians and team trump to undermine the president's lead legitimacy meanwhile republicans use russia to look strong and counter opposition pressure as russia just being gives as a bargaining chip here you know russia is is being portrayed as an imaginary hobgoblin remember mr arbiter of i will deprive you of your and then the our secret weapon. the political establishment feels that they need an enemy and they are painting russia a

it was called the czech army and soviet union mitch desert addition. neither of those countries exist anymore. and so i gave her the book so she saw me become a professor mitchell father knew that i'd become national security adviser and died shortly with left for washington. >> host: you were an only child. >> guest: yes. >> host: so am i. >> guest: that's why i'm a sports fanatic because that was my father's passion and a music fanatic because that was my mother's passion. when you're an only child you have to satisfy both. >> host: let's talk about democracy in the rest of the world. the united states has a democracy, not perfect. you talk about the soviet union and russia. obviously a subject you know about. you point out that democracy broke out in roche i russia after the bolshevik resolution and after gorbachev lost pair. why did democracy disappear from russia? >> guest: well, one thing i seek to do in the book is dismiss one of the explanations you sometimes get about russia. that the russians don't have the right dna for democracy. i just don

union, the president going to need somebody to help them sorted out, you want to be the soviet? and i got to be the white house soviet instructor by the end of the world war. >> you speak russian? >> i do speak russian. >> so after that administration is over, you went back to stanford again when george w. bush was running for president, how did you get involved with that? >> i was the operating officer of the university and a happy academic. so george hw bush called me and he said you know my son was governor of texas, he's thinking about running for president and i'd like you to talk to him about foreign policy. i spent a couple days with him and after he asked me to organize his foreign-policy campaign and that's how i got involved with george w. bush. >> were you surprised he asked you to be the national security advisor at the beginning of that administration? >> at the time he got to his election i figured i would go into the administration and national security advisor, i've been on the council before. >> how many women has served as national security advisor before you?

border soviet union helped fall into house after the second war. now these pictures behind me from florida showing the first signs of the arrival of hurricane officials are warning of a large scale catastrophe that the storm has weakened somewhat it's now category three but it is expected to strengthen once again and it's already been one of the most powerful atlantic ocean hurricanes in recorded history as well as that it's been battering cuba which lies about four hundred kilometers south of miami and it has left there a trail of devastation in its wake. as the eye of the storm heads for the southern u.s. coast panic stricken citizens have started to flee the state on mass to maine interstate highways were clogged with thousands of vehicles gas stations have been running out of fuel traffic nightmare began on wednesday and it's only gotten worse . the florida governor is those people in his path to leave now the residents who've chosen to stay have been taking precautions to damage including boarding up their windows. donovan. through the morning

but the clincher for spokane, was that for the first time since before world war ii, the soviet union exhibited at an american world's fair. not only did they come to spokane, but they came in force. they build a huge pavilion, three theaters within the pavilion. the irony of that is, spokane was and is somewhat more conservative, say than other parts of the country and affection for communism in the soviet union was not necessarily second nature to folks in spokane. but on the one hand, they might be anti-soviet, but on the other hand, they were very pro-soviet and very grateful that so much had been done for our worlds fair. the opening of the fair came in early may of 1974. and about 80,000 people came to that and richard nixon, president and said, gave the opening speech. -- president nixon, gave the opening speech. >> it is a pleasure to be here on this sparkling opening day to speak about what this particular occasion means, not only for now, and the days ahead in the summer where i hope hundreds of thousands and maybe millions will come to see it. but down on the pages of histo

successful policy against the soviet union. containment had its ups and downs, there were times when it appeared to be effective and other times when it didn't appear to be so, but ultimately, it resulted in the collapse of the soviet union and the collapse of communism in most of the world. north korea of course being a big exception to that. the so containment could work. the difference is that the north koreans are far more resilient to outside economic and military pressures than the soviets ever were. so, that -- the soviets were very tough and tough to deal with them, the north koreans are a very different breed in this sense, in the sense that they are a self-reliant country that has been working on that sometimeiance for quite that's their mind set. of course they are dependent on sources outside for energy and other material and in korea and north korea is clearly wanting luxury goods, so in that sense there are dependencies, but it's a much harder nut to crack than the old soviet union was. >> same story keeps going a

union it was a major event with eight hundred works it was possible because the soviet union wanted to establish cultural relations with the west. the west german foreign ministry paved the way. art during perestroika was an expression of change. and challenging and provocative works like these where new to people in moscow. to see the works of a man who put himself in the tradition of the russian constructivists the russian public was willing to line up for half a day outside the exhibition building. in the early one nine hundred ninety s. booker created a group of works called man's inhumanity prompted by growing violence against foreigners in germany. with his art protested against it taking a stand. based on the christian stations of the cross the artist created fourteen sculptures about aggression injury and destruction but also about forging connections. the violence committed against others is central to his artistic. art as an expression of outrage. supported by germany's institute for foreign cultural relations booker travel with this series of works. the exhibition was to

if they had mounted a coup he might have fallen and the new soviet union would have been different. but there are already nulew legitimate figures that the russian people were supporting. >> people gathered to chance their support. >> george nelson had been p.o.p. lateral elected as president of the federation. >> let me put on my glasses here for a moment and read you a piece of ware copy that has just come across. russian president ordered all army and kgb unit involved in overthrow of gosh clef to stand down. clearly there is a major confrontation shaping up in the russia republican. >> the presidents' day began with a succession of meetings and phone calls. yell sin, whose status in the white house had risen. >> when the tanks came in, the commander had called yeltsin and said i'm suppose to attack you but i will not, i will protect you. that's when he stood up on the tank and indicated to the crew leaders these guys are with me not you. >> thelishization gorbachev has brought about becomes priority and they could no longer move against the russian people. >> tonight russia's sk

the soviet union to its knees. it didn't work in cuba, and in russia's case, gorbachev came through and was a reformer. you don't have a reformer in north korea. china would advocate trade with north korea, to open up the borders and negotiation, and what is the alternative? it hasn't worked. it hasn't worked, but does that mean... the west at one point was feeding the north korean population, we were shipping oil to them and it made no difference whatsoever. i would say that china should look to its own interests here because this man kim jong—un is so deranged, there's no assurance that he won't use his weapons against china or his other neighbours. we will have to leave that for another week, i apologise. i am not sure he is a madman though. he's very rational. we will debate that another time. thank you very much to all of you. please do join us again next week if you can. thanks for being with us. bye bye. a chilly but bright start to sunday for central and eastern parts of england. ring from the word go in

this was a brilliant insight mr of the top of insight and when the soviet union dissolved and america lost its long term cold war enemy the narrative or the big story that. our politicians had lived inside for generations went away and we've entered a state of kind of. a kind of. wilderness and our political leaders are still wandering around trying to figure out what the big story is now and they don't have one trump represents a representation of a different story a story of peace and prosperity and the the establishment republicans haven't really wrap their head around this yet i'm sorry to say and democrats they love using this let's collusion between russians and team trump to undermine the president's lead legitimacy meanwhile republicans use russia to look strong and counter opposition pressure as russia just being gives as a bargaining chip here you know russia is is being portrayed as an imaginary hobgoblin remember mr arbiter of i will deprive you of your and then the our secret weapon. the political establishment feels that they need an enemy and they are painting russia as

the soviet union to its knees. it didn't work in cuba, and in russia's case, gorbachev came through and was a reformer. you don't have a reformer in north korea. china would advocate trade with north korea, to open up the borders and negotiation, and what is the alternative? it hasn't worked. it hasn't worked, but does that mean... the west at one point was feeding the north korean population, we were shipping oil to them and it made no difference whatsoever. i would say that china should look to its own interests here because this man kim jong—un is so deranged, there's no assurance that he won't use his weapons against china or his other neighbours. we will have to leave that for another week, i apologise. i am not sure he is a madman though. he's very rational. we will debate that another time. thank you very much to all of you. please do join us again next week if you can. thanks for being with us. bye bye. hello there. a showery afternoon to come for many today. some of the showers merging together across sc

or be known as al qaeda all to crush the soviet union we taught bin ladin and associates how to run it disintegration of war campaign against the superpower and yet we still wonder how al qaeda and its many competitors have managed to stay afloat perhaps it's things like five hundred. dollars the u.s. spent in bosnia between one thousand nine hundred two and one thousand and five training and equipping rebels or the sixty four million dollars training georgian rebels from two thousand and one to two thousand and four or may be need be it was more than half a billion dollars the u.s. spent training and arming rebels in syria who have ties to numerous al qaeda affiliates you know we all want justice sixteen years ago we did and as we brushed the asked for ash from our faces and looked around at the machine gun toting soldiers who had appeared out of nowhere we realized that the justice we had been promised was little more than an excuse to continue participating in costly regime change were perpetrated in part by the very terrorist organizations that murdered two thousand nine hundred

the soviet union to its knees. it didn't work in cuba, and in russia's case, gorbachev came through and was a reformer. you don't have a reformer in north korea. china would advocate trade with north korea, to open up the borders and negotiation, and what is the alternative? it hasn't worked. it hasn't worked, but does that mean... the west at one point was feeding the north korean population, we were shipping oil to them and it made no difference whatsoever. i would say that china should look to its own interests here because this man kim jong—un is so deranged, there's no assurance that he won't use his weapons against china or his other neighbours. we will have to leave that for another week, i apologise. i am not sure he is a madman though. he's very rational. we will debate that another time. thank you very much to all of you. please do join us again next week if you can. thanks for being with us. bye bye. hello, the week starts on a different note. winds up to 60 mph. lighter winds across the north—east o

the soviet union down. economic sanctions definitely helped to bring the soviet union downm didn't work in cuba, and in russia's case, gorbachev came through and was a reformer. you don't have a reformer in north korea. china they would advocate trade with north korea, to open up the borders and the negotiation, and what is the alternative? it hasn't worked. the we st alternative? it hasn't worked. the west at one point was feeding the north korean population, we were shipping oil to them and it made no difference whatsoever. i would say that china should look to its own interests here because this man kim jong—un is so derange it, there's no assurance that he won't use his weapons against china or his other neighbours. we will have to leave that for another week, i apologise. we will debate that another time. thank you very much to all of you. please do join us again next week, same time same place. but for now thanks for watching and goodbye. hello there. a detailed forecast for the weekend weather coming up, i just want to update you on what's happening with the hurricanes at the m

government used bin laden and supported his endeavors against the soviet union in afghanistan they called him a warrior they helped him build the organization that would lead or be known as al qaeda all to crush the soviet union we taught bin ladin and associates how to run it disintegration of war campaign against a superpower and yet we still wonder how al qaeda and its many competitors have managed to stay afloat perhaps it's things like five hundred million dollars the u.s. spent in bosnia between one thousand nine hundred two and one thousand and five training and equipping rebels or the sixty four million dollars training georgian rebels from two thousand and one to two thousand and four or maybe need be it was more than half a billion dollars the u.s. spent training and arming rebels in syria who have ties to numerous al qaeda affiliates you know we all want justice sixteen years ago we did and as we brush the ass for ash from our faces and looked around at the machine gun toting soldiers who had appeared out of nowhere we realized that the justice we had been promised was little m

we are the country that stared down the state -- the soviet union over decade. deterrence may be amongst all the military options available, strengthening our deterrence may be the best option but it remains to be seen. after that, when it comes to information campaigns, i think can only comege from the people of north korea, themselves. we need to tell them three fundamental stories. the story of the outside world, especially the story of three, prosperous, democratic south korea. the story of the corruption of their own leadership, particularly of the kim family regime and the story of the rome human rights violations, which they do not sincerely understand, living under such a regime. >> very good as always. is you laidering me down the dilemmas, not a whole lot in terms of actual solutions. if i am called into admiral harrises office or general mattis's office and asked what do we do, i am still casting a lot of folks talk about preemptive strikes of one sort or another. i wonder if that horse is out of that'sn, to lake because too late because of the number

government used bin laden and supported his endeavors against the soviet union in afghanistan they called him a warrior they helped him build the organization that would lead or be known as al qaeda all to crush the soviet union we taught bin ladin and associates how to run it disintegration of war campaign against the superpower and yet we still wonder how al qaeda and its many competitors have managed to stay afloat perhaps it's things like five hundred million dollars the u.s. spent in bosnia between one thousand nine hundred two in one thousand nine hundred five training and equipping rebels or the sixty four million dollars training georgian rebels from two thousand and one to two thousand and four or maybe need be it was more than half a billion dollars the u.s. spent training and arming rebels in syria who have ties to numerous al qaeda affiliates you know we all want justice sixteen years ago we did and as we brush the asked for ash from our faces and looked around at the machine gun toting soldiers who had appeared out of nowhere we realized that the justice we had been promised

or be known as al qaeda all to crush the soviet union we taught bin ladin and associates how to run it disintegration of war campaign against a superpower and yet we still wonder how al qaeda and its many competitors have managed to stay afloat perhaps it's things like five hundred. dollars the u.s. spent in bosnia between one thousand nine hundred two and one thousand and five training and equipping rebels or the sixty four million dollars training georgian rebels from two thousand and one to two thousand and four or may be need be it was more than half a billion dollars the u.s. spent training and arming rebels in syria who have ties to numerous al qaeda affiliates you know we all want justice sixteen years ago we did and as we brushed the asked for ash from our faces and looked around at the machine gun toting soldiers who had appeared out of nowhere we realized that the justice we had been promised was little more than an excuse to continue participating in costly regime change were perpetrated in part by the very terrorist organizations that murdered two thousand nine hundred s

he moved to it was invaded by the soviet union the communist empire dominated by russia. caruso was a boy he went to stony and finally won independence in ninety nine he won. most of the point doesn't understand the cost of freedom. thirty eight years old member of the soviet times i remember soviet. and i don't want that back. he's not you know it's not granted. as we can see in the front today even though he knows the story on its own could never defeat russia with a population of just one point three million they're out numbered one hundred to one. we're leaving. but he believes they could inflict enough pain to make moscow think twice. if we don't actually face to invade other countries the more we're exercise the less likely somebody to attack us but i think that second guess this must be as expensive as possible. you just have to glance at the map to see why a stone is weary. it's not only dwarfed by russia which is nearly four hundred times its size it's seen how easily moscow can take back former soviet territory in twenty fourteen and captured ukraine's province

a year that saw ronald reagan denounce the soviet union as the "evil empire" with soviet leader firing back calling reagan insane and a liar. doesn't this sound familiar to what you're hearing now but watch this 1983 was also the year that the u.s. put short range pushing two missiles in west germany to go up against the soviets to get it back down led to the 1987 nuclear treaty with the soviet union so that's a question now, jeff. what can stop this now? should the u.s. put short range icbn's in south korea? >> well certainly a war of words is better than a war and as you pointed out sometimes these war of words can lead to treaties and other things that can solve the situation. the measures that were put in place by the treasury department yesterday are real and will have ramifications and probably have been very frustrating to north korea since that happened, so we are still doing everything we can as a country, diplomatically to put pressure on north korea and i guarantee that pressure is being applied by the measures that were just put in place and you look back and you think why