it was a great misunderstanding between the non-indians, lewis and clark, and the indian people here at the confluence of the bad river and the missouri river. lewis and clark were walking into a very difficult political situation amongst american indians here. lewis and clark assumed these were just simple people, simple lives. they're going to tell them what need kneed to be told, we can m on and life was happy. these were very sophisticated people too. they were having a rivalry for leadership between buffalo, madison, black buffalo, aened the partisan. they were competing on who was going to represent the tribe to these explorers coming up the missouri river. they also want to control the trade up and down the missouri river. it was in lakota's best interest to not allow free trade up and down the missouri river nape got paid more goods from the explorers and the traders and trappers than indians up the river. of course the american explorers, the lewis and clark, they wanted to say, no, we want you to trade with us, we want more trade, and it wasn't in the best interests of lako

, lewis and clark, and the indians here. lewis and clark were walking into a very difficult political situation amongst the american indians here. lewis and clark believed these were just simple people, simple lives and they would do what they were told and life was happy. these were very sophisticated people too. they were having a rival for leadership, between the black buffalo and the partisan, they were fighting over who was going to represent the tribe to these explorers coming up the missouri river. they also wanted to control the trade up and down the missouri river. it was in the lakota's best interest to not allow free trade up and down the missouri river. they got paid good from the explorers and the traders and trappers than indians up the river. of course the american explorers, the lewis and clark, they wanted to say, no, we want you to trade with us, we want more trade. and it wasn't in the best interest of the lakota to do that. so there was this competition, between the black buffalo, the partisan and buffalo

but most of the indian removal, jackson's policy is east of the mississippi to force the indians to move west of the mississippi and most of the troop deployments are in alabama and georgia and then florida. so this is a very widely stretched and overextended army. and it gets worse for the army because andrew jackson did not permit his commanders the autonomy he sought and practiced, what he commanded in florida a generation before. instead, king andrew -- this is probably a wig cartoon. so a political opposition cartoon. so i use it to make the point that, you know, a lot of people saw andrew jackson as a fairly authoritarian leader. he had a mandate for the majority. other people would call that the tyranny of the majority. for the army, jackson tried to compel those that he sent to troubled spots to repress whatever resistance there was but to do so without embarrassing him or increasing opposition to his policies. so it's, you know, i want you to crack down on the cherokee. i want you to make it clear to the cherokee that they have to move west. but i don't really want this get

own culture. -- there were indian scouts who loved him, one said he had the heart of an indian. he wrote if he were one of them, he would not be someone on a reservation. he would be one of the dissenters riding free across the plains, the crazy horses and the setting bowls. they were hanging on to what made them -- and the sitting bulls. they were hanging on to what made them what they were. it sounds like he really tried to reach an understanding of who those people were and he found things in them to admire. the things he most admired where the things he saw in himself that he liked. that is my take on custer and the indians. you can say he's on them and he killed them. why did he do that? he is a soldier and the hostile bands were enemies. he went after the enemy. he burned indian villages, yes, sometimes. he also burned the shenandoah valley. body count,to do a add up the number of probable indian deaths he was responsible for against the number of confederates. he killed a lot more confederates than he ever did indians. it is a superficial argument, saying he fought them.

there were indian scouts who loved him, one said he had the heart of an indian. he wrote if he were one of them, a member of a tribe, he would not be someone on a reservation. he would be one of the dissenters riding free across the plains, the crazy horses and the sitting bulls. those were the people he admired, because they were hanging on to what made them what they were. so that does not sound like he was just this indian killer to me. it sounds like he really tried to reach an understanding of who those people were and he found things in them to admire. and i think the things he most admired about them were the things he saw in himself that he liked. that is my take on custer and the indians. and you say oh yeah, but he fought them and he killed them. why did he do that? he was a soldier and the hostile bands were enemies. and he went after the enemy, that is what he did. he burned indian villages, yes, sometimes. do you know what else he burned? the shenandoah valley. if you want to do a body count, add up the number of probable indian deaths he was respons

the indian removal act had passed by a single vote. indians had ahe choice to remove. we would show them wonderful land in the west and they would probably want to move out there. when they didn't, according to the legislation passed by congress, they could stay in georgia or alabama or florida. that certainly wasn't jackson's intention and these officers are caught in the middle. on the right, we have a younger version of duncan, who was commanding in florida in 1835. he's constantly sending seminole are, the unhappy. there's going to be a war. send in more troops. maybe if you send more troops i can intimidate them and we can keep the lid on here. that falls on deaf ears back in washington. the army was busy doing a lot of different things because all of jackson policies -- because of all of jackson's policies. newspaper,s, gets in were with governor of florida, and retires soon after. whig.omes a here, we have winfield scott in his best portrait. this is from the army art series, portraits of commanding generals of the army. scott was also deployed down in florida.

the big fight indian rhetoric so it's a deficit thing enjoy official. one fourteen tradition the other in excess. even has a taste of parties luxury and money he embodies the bryson success of businessmen eager to get rich little girl in india then known as the new maharaja it's gonna turn me. on. the knee and is home to more than one hundred billion nets thanks to the country's tremendous economic growth. evan lives with his parents in this luxury q plex in new delhi when he was only twelve he created his first smartphone app he started his business believing high school. there's a goal set aside for myself by twenty one i want to be humiliating one which i'm pretty close my twenty i want to be at a million a week and my twenty five million a day. i even love showing off his success. i i got him it's i i love gold and black these are two of my colors which i really like so i when i got this solid gold i phone seven made because i'm always on the phone i paid ten thousand pounds for this but want to sell it was probably going to sell for a lot more than

the big fight indian benteke so it's a deficit thing angelfish. one foot in tradition the other in excess. even has a taste of parties luxury and money she embodies the bryson success of businessman eager to get rich little girl in india they known as the new maharaja it's not one thing in. the medium is home to more than one hundred billion it thanks to the country's tremendous economic growth. evan lives with his parents in this luxury q plex in new delhi when he was only twelve he created his first smartphone app he started his business believing high school. this is a goal set aside for myself by twenty one i want to be humiliating one which i'm pretty close my twenty i want to be at a million a week and my twenty five million a day. i even love showing off his success. i got him it's i i love gold and black these are two of my colors which i really like so i even i got this solid gold i phone seven made because i'm always on the phone i paid ten thousand pounds for this but want to sell it was probably going to sell for a lot more than ten th

for the indians on the plains. when the army -- when army staff officers made plans they would say we need three or four regiments for each of those. we need 20 or 25 regiments to perform our missions. the army at that point in time had 11 regiments. they perceived they are always under strength. fortunately usually the crises that break out break out one place at a time and they can redeploy their forces one place at a time to meet the different crises. it is fair to say that in 1828 and '29, a lot saw him like that. now during jackson's administration, funding remained tight. jacksonians talked about keeping spending down. not raising taxes or other avenues. so the army didn't get a lot more funding. but it did grow by two regiments under jackson's administration. a nearly 20% increase, from 11 to 13 regiments to an army that was about 5,000 soldiers. 5,000. when jackson entered office. both those regiments were mounted regiments. the first and second which you can of who can you can see an camera principle here

big fat indian benteke so it's a deficit thing angelfish. one foot in tradition the other in excess. even has a taste of parties luxury and money she embodies the bryson success of businessmen eager to get rich little girl in india they known as the new maharaja it's the only time thing in the room. india is home to more than one hundred billion it's thanks to the country's tremendous economic growth. even lives with his parents in this luxury q cliques in new delhi when he was only twelve he created his first smartphone app he started his business in high school. this is a goal set aside for myself by twenty one i want to be here million a month which i'm pretty close my twenty i want to be at a million a week and my twenty five million a day. i even love showing off his success. i i got him it's i i love gold and black these are two of my colors which i really like so i even i got this solid gold i phone seven made because i'm always on the phone i paid ten thousand pounds for this but want to sell it was probably going to sell for a lot m

big fight indian benteke so it's a deficit thing angelfish. one foot in tradition the other in excess. even has a taste of parties luxury and money she embodies the bryson success of businessmen eager to get rich people. in india they known as the new maharaja it's gonna turn me a little. teeny m is home to more than one hundred billion it's thanks to the country's tremendous economic growth. even lives with his parents in this luxury q cliques in new delhi when he was only twelve he created his first smartphone app he started his business in high school. there's a goal set aside for myself by twenty one i want to be here million a month which i'm pretty close by twenty i want to be at a million a week and my twenty five million a day. i even love showing off his success. i i got him it's i i love gold and black these are two of my colors which i really like so i even i got this solid gold i phone seven made because i'm always on the phone i paid ten thousand pounds for this but want to sell it was probably going to sell for a lot more than te

ultimately conducting indian remove -- this is the year before the indian removal act but trying to keep the peace or trying to keep the peace between the ipd yans and most-- indians and whites invading their land and ultimately the seminole war in the 1830s. this is supposed to be james and his troops. most were trying to deter them from doing something the u.s. wants. not just on the western frontier you would think. we have the image of them chasing indians but most of the indian removal and most of the troop deployments are in alabama and georgia and then florida. so this is a very widely stretched and over extepnded army. it gets worse for the army because andrew jackson did not permit his kmacommanders when h had commanded a generation. instead king andrew -- i used it to make the point that, you know, a lot of people saw andrew jackson as a fairly authoritarian leader. he had a mandate from the majority. so i want you to crack down on cherokee and make it clear that, you know, they have to move west, but i don't really want this getting in the newspapers. so i don't want newspaper

for the indians on the plains. when the army -- when army staff officers made plans they would say we need three or four for each of those. we need 20 or 25 regiments to perform our missions. the army at that point had 11 regiments. so they p perceived they are always under strength. usually the crises break out at one place at a time and they can redeploy their forces under to the different, to meet the different crisis. it is fair to say that in 1828 and 29 a lot saw him like that. now during jackson's administration, fund iing remaid tight. jacksonians jacksonians talk ed about keepig spending down. not raising taxes or other avenues, so they didn't get more funding, but it did grow by two regiments under jackson's administration. a nearly 20% increase right from 11 to 13 regiments to an army that was about 5,000 soldiers. 5,000. when jackson entered office. both those regiments were mounted regiments. the first and second which you can of who can you can see an camera principle here on the cover of my second bo

columbus and the indian maiden. which i think it is absolutely extraordinary and not often discussed piece of art. the only way it does not wake -- not quite fit my argument is how for some reason the artist decided to portray the indian maiden not as really an indian at all. he has got the clothing all ampletely wrong, slightly utilization for the clothing as opposed to the feathers, which he should have done but nonetheless there is a lear on his face in which he gives us what he is thinking in that way. it is a highly revealing portrait of the sexualized nature of the phenomenon. these are revealing portraits of the gendered allegories. as befitting its neoclassical style, the statue of freedom is not even the only female allegory in the capital sculptured by thomas crawford. this view on the right, as you look up at her, there are three more right in front of her and they are shown in more detail. but only one fits into a tradition, so deeply and specifically rooted and how europeans and euro-americans have depi

big fight indian benteke so it's a deficit thing angelfish. one foot in tradition the other in excess. even has a taste for parties luxury and money she embodies the bryson success of businessmen eager to get rich little girl in india then known as the new maharaja it's gonna turn me on him when. he nia is home to more than one hundred billion it's thanks to the country's tremendous economic growth. even lives with his parents in this luxury q cliques in new delhi when he was only twelve he created his first smartphone app he started his business believing high school. this is a goal set aside for myself by twenty one i want to be humiliating one which i'm pretty close my twenty i want to be at a million a week and my twenty five a million and a. i even love showing off his success. i i got him it's i i love gold and black these are two of my colors which i really like so i even i got this solid gold i phone seven made because i'm always on the phone i paid ten thousand pounds for this but want to sell it was probably going to sell for a lot m

some indians accepted this, some did not. ended in civil war had 1865, the struggle over sovereignty in the west had not. throughout the 1860's and 1870's, the indians continue to resist the united states in the northern plains. in 1873, george armstrong custer arrived in the northern plains, part of the military presence there of the united states that is supposed to subdue native nations. one of his principal opponents was a man who in some ways would replace red cloud as the military leader and political leader. that was someone most people grow up learning about. sitting bull took advantage of both the motivation of the men and women who were with him, took advantage of his knowledge of the region to maintain an ongoing conflict with the united states, and he scores his greatest battlefield victory in 1866, and it is against custer. in june, he destroyed custer's fort at the battle of little bighorn. it was a devastating loss to the white citizens of the united states, who thought there was no way they could lose to the i

indian giver -- the idea of an indian giver, someone gives you something and they want it back. the part of that definition we're missing is because it's theirs. [ laughter ] >> what did you say? >> european giver. >> european giver. we have a winner. there we go, everybody. [ applause ] >> for now on, that's what you say. take that home for thanksgiving, everybody. [ laughter ] >> sitting there with your family. i got something for you this year. [ laughter ] i'm here to ruin the holiday. [ laughter ] >> my name is w. kamau bell. as a comedian, i've made a living finding humor in the parts of america i don't understand, and now i'm challenging myself to dig deeper. i'm on a mission to reach out and experience all the cultures and beliefs that add color to this crazy country. this is the "united shades of america." ♪ >> normally when i think about america's original sin, i'm thinking about slavery. but if i'm honest, americans started screwing up before that. before america had a name, the cake was already being baked, the moment christopher columbia landed in the caribbean an

their executive director ari thompson tells the stories of both american indians and white immigrants who have called this region home. >> voices of the northern plains refers to the many different ways that life on this part of the country has been recorded, either through letters or diaries or journals or photographs or objects as well, by the many, many different varieties of ethnic cultures that have lived here. what we wanted to accomplish in emphasizing the materials that you see in this exhibit is that more information can be gathered by just using the records that we have on the second floor, our research core, the archives themselves, and then also a research library of 40,000 volumes on the american west. human habitation in the plains would date from certainly in this part of the country, from well before the current era. most anthropologists north american indians as far back as 10,000 to 12,000 years ago, plains culture. what you will see in this exhibit here is much more recent, perhaps about 1700, but it is still precontact. we date the contact period from about -- in t

ah, the classic indian railway station. to me, nothing sums up this country better than the indian railway network. more than any political act, they say that this is what unifies this country. i remember as a small child being on an indian train and being totally overwhelmed by it, but i love it. ah, this feels imminent. who knows when this was made, this train? it looks pretty damn old to me. but wow, look at that. it's a network that ferries millions of passengers daily across tens of thousands of track to nearly 7,000 stations. it's one of the world's biggest employers. if there's one defining legacy of british rule, it's the vast, sprawling, creaking indian railway network. it's still the lifeblood of the country today. they sing. i'll tell you this. you wouldn't get this on a suburban train on a cold wednesday morning in london, or any other western city. this is unique. do you know everyone on this carriage? yeah. yeah, from the train journey? yeah, trainjourney, train friends. you're the train friends, excellent. yo

on monday, an indian court threw out all the charges. i was out training. one of the guys shouted us over, and i could hear it in his voice, it was excitement. and he went, "full acquittal". and i — stopped in my tracks, and it was like someone just slapped us. ‘cause it was a shock, you know, and it was an amazing feeling. while they were in prison, waiting to learn their fate, the men's families led a massive campaign back home to press for their release, petitioning the government, including the prime minister. they are delighted, and the men overcome with gratitude. knowing there's lovely people out there, lovely, amazing, supportive people, and i'll never be able to thank them as much as what i'm trying to do now. his nightmare finally over, it is now time to go home. sanjoy majumder, bbc news, chennai. we have much more on our website, and you can also get in touch with me and some of the team via social media. the usual ways. time now for all the sports news, in sport today. later on, duncan gulla soni will have the news at two o'clock. —— go

indian cinema. a consistent trend we saw in 2017. who are some of the biggest personalities here in the asia—pacific region? i pale in comparison. i only have 360,000 followers. but who are the biggest characters? that is very impressive. i will tell you a few people beat you to it this year. indian and indonesian personalities trumped eve ryo ne indonesian personalities trumped everyone else in asia—pacific. by minister modi and presidentjokowi had the most followers. that was twitter asia—pacific. a mixed finish on the markets. thank you so much for investing time with us. sport today is coming up next. the top stories this hour. saudi—led coalition air—strikes have resumed in yemen's capital, hours after houthi rebels killed the man who ruled the country for decades, ali abdullah saleh. britain and the european union have failed for now to reach agreement to move onto the second phase of brexit negotiations. the uk wastes seven million tons of food each year and now a major retailer is

it tells the story of american indians and white immigrants who called this region home. >>> voices of the northern plains refers to many different ways that life on this part of the country has been recorded, either through letters or diaries or journals or photographs or objects as well. by the many, many different varieties of ethnic cultures that have lived here. what we wanted to accomplish in emphasizing the materials that you see in this exhibit is that more information can be gathered by just using the records that we have on the second floor, our research core, the archives themselves, and then also a research library of 40,000 volumes on the american west. human habitation in the plains would date from certainly in this part of the country, from well before the current era. most anthropologists date north american indians as far back as 10,000 to 12,000 years ago plains culture. what you will see in this exhibit here is much more recent, perhaps about 1700. but it's still pre-contact. we date the contact period from about -- in this part of the country anyway, from about the

most anthropologists north american indians as far back as 10,000 to 12,000 years ago, plains culture. what you will see in this exhibit here is much more recent, perhaps about 1700, but it is still precontact. we date the contact period from about -- in this part of the country anyway, from about the 1740s when there was a french expedition along the missouri river by the varonde brothers and their father, about 1743. so the materials that you see here would date from before that period of time, and one object that i would point to in particular would be this buffalo effigy in this red tablet. this is catlonite. it is harvested or quarried in a strong vein of soft stone of this red variety up and down the northern plains right between minnesota and the dakotas. it was used for a number of objects such as this board which has an incised buffalo figure, and then it was also used for the cutting of tobacco and the use of the pipe and prayer before a hunt out on to the plains. in addition to the catlonite plate that we have here of which we'll see a much larger representation of so that

the classic indian railway station. to me, nothing sums up this country better than the indian railway network. more than any political act, they say this is what unifies this country. i remember as a small child being on an indian train and being totally overwhelmed by it. but i love it. ah, this feels imminent. who knows when this is made, this train. it looks pretty damn old to me. but wow, look at that. it's a network that ferries millions of passengers daily across tens of thousands of track to nearly 7,000 stations. it's one of the world's biggest employers. if there's one defining legacy of british rule, it's the vast, sprawling, creeking indian railway network. it's still the lifeblood of the country today. singing i'll tell you this, you wouldn't get this on a suburban train ona wouldn't get this on a suburban train on a cold wednesday morning in london or any other western city. this is unique. you know everyone on this carriage? yeah. from the train journey? train journey, yeah. train friends. excellent, you

there were american indian cowboys. they raised their own cattle in indian territory. and, in fact, comanches after they moved to the reservations in southwestern oklahoma insisted that any cowboys that were grazing or grazing herds on their own land had to be indian cowboys because they didn't like texans. imagine that, right? but most of them were euro american of some type, right? as you can see in this photograph in dodge city in the 1870s. they came from great britain, they came from denmark, they came from france, they came from germany, all over the place. most of them were attracted by the stories they'd read that made it sound very exciting. most men that came out and tried to be cowboys didn't last because it was just too hard. it was too difficult. it was dirty. all kinds of different things so they really didn't last. so -- and then everybody got swept up, even by the mid-1880s you have people doing this stuff, posing for photographs in dodge city and then pay close attention. none were cowboys just dressed this way for picture. [ laughter ] but notice this

the indian office had big plans for mesopotamia. they had this idea of transporting hundreds of thousands of indian peasants, waste landsing the of the area, making it agriculturally fertile, and so forth. mesopotamia had been the breadbasket of the middle east, the center of civilization in the middle east, until it was laid to waste in 1258. baghdad was destroyed, a strong central authority. irrigation canals silted up. agriculture died. populations moved elsewhere. bedouins moved in, and i think the india office had this idea of reviving mesopotamia by making, a part of its indian empire -- by making it part of its indian empire. >> thanks for the great talk. i know you are a scholar, contemporary jihadi ideology. how does this come up in basis ideology, if at all? >> there's an isis video that circulated on the internet showing a bulldozer destroying the burn that divided syria from iraq. as you know, the modern middle east, modern map of the arab middle east, is based on lines charted out. as far as arab nationalists were conce

on monday, an indian court threw out all the charges. i was out training. one of the guys shouted us over, and i could hear it in his voice, it was excitement. and he went, "full acquittal". and i — stopped in my tracks, and it was like someone just slapped us. ‘cause it was a shock, you know, and it was an amazing feeling. while they were in prison waiting to learn their fate, the men's families led a massive campaign back home to press for their release, petitioning the government, including the prime minister. his nightmare finally over, it is now time to go home. sanjoy majumder, bbc news, chennai. you're watching the briefing. 0ur headlines: pope francis, who is holding mass in bangladesh, has thanked the country for its humanitarian response to muslim refugees fleeing myanmar. naval vessels from new zealand begin patrolling the ross sea in antarctica, the largest area ever to be granted special protection. prince harry and his new fiancee meghan markle are to take part in theirfirst official engagements together. the us senate has delayed voting o

the classic indian railway station. to me, nothing sums up this country better than the indian railway network. more than any political act, they say this is what unifies this country. i remember as a small child being on an indian train and being totally overwhelmed by it. but i love it. ah, this feels imminent. who knows when this is made, this train. it looks pretty damn old to me. but wow, look at that. it's a network that ferries millions of passengers daily across tens of thousands of track to nearly 7,000 stations. it's one of the world's biggest employers. if there's one defining legacy of british rule, it's the vast, sprawling, creeking indian railway network. it's still the lifeblood of the country today. singing i'll tell you this, you wouldn't get this on a suburban train on a cold wednesday morning in london or any other western city. this is unique. you know everyone on this carriage? yeah. from the train journey? trainjourney, yeah. train friends. excellent, you have a community. very good. is it lucky to

their executive director tells the stories of both american indians and white immigrants who called this region home. >> voices of the northern plains refers to the many different ways that life on this part of the country has been recorded, either through letters or diaries or journals or photographs or objects as well, by the many, many different varieties of ethnic cultures that have lived here. what we wanted to accomplish in emphasizing the materials that you see in this exhibit is that more information can be gathered by just using the records that we have on the second floor, our research core, the archives themselves, and then also a research library of 40,000 volumes on the american west. human habitation in the plains would date from certainly in this part of the country, from well before the current era. most an throw pothropologists n american indians as far back as 10,000 to 12,000 years ago, plains culture. what you will see in this exhibit here is much more recent, perhaps about 1700, but it is still precontact. we date the contact period from about -- in this part of the

she ended up working for a bureau of indian affairs indian school called in intermountain indian school in wisconsin. it's the only job she could get off the reservation. we were in wisconsin. she moved the entire family at west. fiction work for 75 cents an hour. i have all the records in shoebox, and then she scrubbed floors and mopped kitchens on the weekend. why did she do that? you know, when we got up, we used to live in a gas station house, it's in the book. i peered out the window when i got up ticks 30, 7:00 in the morning. she would be out there. there's a big patch of weeds, about a city block. she said if you guys don't want it, that's my land, i'll take it back. she harvested it. she cultivated. she would be out there for 30, 5:00 in the morning. i saw that when i was little and it had an indelible imprint and said you got to keep going, you got to try, you've got to work. and i think if it weren't for her, then later she told the stories about my grandfather, even though he got kicked out of carlisle, by the way he was assigned to the second grade when he was 18, illinois

we also work as i mentioned with indian health service. we have our chief medical officers meeting with theirs and working with them around what kinds of technical assistance and training needs it do they recognize and can help them with. i won't take a lot of time, but we have training programs that are quite good. >> think you because i am out of time and before the hearing i spoke to you about supportive housing and i want to continue the conversation with you even as i leave this body. i think that's very important that people with mental health disorders and with addiction get supportive housing and wraparound services, so thank you for engaging my conversation before the hearing. >> senator whitehouse. >> thank you chairman. appreciate it. welcome, good to see you again before the committee. we in the negotiations got a commitment bipartisan commitment for an extra million dollars to be spent on opioid treatment. of the first half of that was already distributed and we hope and expect the second half will come through at the end of t

there were american indian cowboys. they raised their own cattle in indian territory. comanches, after they moved on to the reservations in southwestern oklahoma, insisted that any cowboys grazing herds on their only and had to be indian cowboys. they did not like texans. imagine that. but most of them were euro-americans of some type. as you can see in this photograph of dodge city. they came from denmark, germany, france, all over the place. most of them were attracted by the stories they read that made it sound very exciting. most men the came out and tried to be cowboys did not last. it was just too hard. it was too difficult. it was dirty. all kinds of different things, they really do not last. then even by the mid-1880's your people doing this sort of thing, posing for photographs in dodge city. none work cowboys. just dressed this way for a picture. [laughter] michael: but notice this. this is the key. the firearms. ok? i am not anti-gun. i am not. the whole idea that cowboys were bristling with violence, the just patently false. the historical record does not b

that's why in the indian affairs committee i asked indian health service acting director admiral how the administration could address this issue and the opioid epidemic in indian country more broadly. he recommended that we first bring tried to the table, second, consider community and culture specific drug prevention programs. i push for language and the 21st century cures cures act to ensure leaders at samhsa considered unique needs and circumstances of vulnerable subpopulations including native americans in the programs. what are you doing to support and expand culturally-based treatment programs for individuals living in indian countries, special the supping with opioid addiction and other substance disorders? as part of your answer can you describe how you engaging with tribal communities and working to develop and have of it these culturally specific programs? >> yes. so we have an ongoing, we actually have the office of tribal affairs at samhsa. we have ongoing meetings with tribal leadership. when i came to samhsa, i learned that one of the addiction technology transfer cente

it's a part of indian culture. let's leave beef to one side for the moment, and end with this thought — about whether you are concerned that under mr modi there is something happening with hindu extremism. i'm now thinking of the recent murder of a journalist, gauri lankesh, who spent a lot of time researching and talking about the dangers of hindu extremism. she was brutally murdered in september 2017. are you worried that there is something happening in india today, which mr modi and his team are not capable, or indeed willing, to combat? i knew gauri very well. she was a colleague at various points. i don't think there is anything as yet to link her murder with that of hindu extremists. i think it's one of those really criminal tragedies that happen, the attack and murder of gauri lankesh. you see no link? i said there could be. however, i think the important thing is to realise — to isolate these hindu extremists as much as possible. most of them, incidentally, operate outside the boundaries of the bjp. the

don't look like indians to me. and he's also doing the same n.f.l. for his failed endeavor into -- applies to that, yesterday, can you connect the dots, please? caller: oh, he's just saying, i am not going to have sympathy or native american, i'm going to do what i want to do, our laws make us weak, they don't make us strong. he wants to get credit for what hurts, down and who he that is his -- that is what him.ss is to host: thanks, al. uest: to be fair, not all native americans agree on this issue, either. there is a divide amongst the tribes. some navaho, there is county commissioner who is on stage he ding behind trump when signed the proclamation, he's navaho. americans some native who definitely support president trump's actions. he majority don't, the five tribes are suing, but it is probably not fair to say he take any native americ americans into account, he supporters.had some host: from michigan, joe is next, democrat's line. hi, joe. caller: good morning. i want to point out good luck to the native amer

is a part of indian culture. let's leave beef to one side for the moment and end with this thought, about whether you are concerned that under mr modi there is something happening with hindu extremism, i am is something happening with hindu extremism, iam now is something happening with hindu extremism, i am now thinking of the recent murder of a journalist who spent a lot of time researching and talking about the dangers of hindu extremism, she was brutally murdered in september 2017. are you worried that there is something happening in india today which mr modi and his tea m india today which mr modi and his team are not capable or indeed willing to combat i knew gauri very well, she was a colleague at various points. i don't think there is anything as yet to link her murder with that of hindu extremists. i think it is one of those really criminal tragedies that happen, the attack on murder of gauri lankesh. you see no link? i said there could be. however, ithink you see no link? i said there could be. however,

the indian wars were condoned under that. so things were not quite equal. so when we look at the missions throughout california, we had the military espousing this enlightenment ideology, while the missions were looking for communities that could be built and transformed it. the problem was while the enlightenment ideology seems like one that was noble, the reality was releasing native people from the missions so they could be exploited by outsiders was one of the defaults of that and father serra knew that and he fought to keep them out of contracts with other european settlers. so the franciscans, however, evangelizingith upper california and their objective was basically bringing communities into the church and into the worship of christ. so that was their prime objective. the way they did that was by introducing skill sets identified with the church, including things like music, reading, agriculture, the liturgy, etc. all of these things were new imports to the region and serra was zealous about the effort. these sites were usually the result of decades

same with indian health service. and i also since i started had my chief medical officers establish a relationship both with herself and the indian health service to make sure that these things move forward. >> often states regulate behavioral healthcare centers and primary care or federally qualified health care centers through different agencies. when they try to combine the often at some simple regulatory hurdles like the number of fire drills are different in the two different locations. so when they go on to one site that often are sort of being overregulated. i hope that is something to help states try to overcome. one final question on hipaa. i mentioned it in my testimony. a lot of confusion out there in the community as to what clinicians can share with family members, with caregivers. we gave you the ability to develop some new guidance to try to make it clear. i think mostly to providers, about when they're actually able to share information with a family member or a caregiver. i know you're working with t

you know, the indian office actually had big plans for mesopotamia. they had this idea of transporting hundreds of thousands of indian peasants, and cultivating sort of the waste lands of the area, making it agriculturally fertile, and so forth. mesopotamia had been the breadbasket of the middle east, the center of civilization in the middle east, until it was laid to waste in 1258. baghdad was destroyed a strong , central authority. the irrigation canals silted up. agriculture died. the population was moved elsewhere. and bedouins moved in, and i think the india office had this idea of reviving mesopotamia, by making a part of its indian empire. >> thanks for the great talk. i know you are a scholar, contemporary jihadi ideology. so i was wondering to what extent these contradictory agreements, and isis rhetoric appealing to its followers, if any? dr. calvert: it is interesting. couple of years ago, there was his isis video that circulated on the internet showing a bulldozer destroying the burn that divided syria from iraq. as you know, the modern mi

she said when an indian woman sees me as her counselor, because i'm indian, she knows that i know. what she has been through. so i think that culturally specific means more than just a cultural thing. i think it means actually in indian country making sure that we train the providers. so thank you. >> yes. and i agree with you, yes. you're quite right. >> thank you, doctor. >> senator warren? >> thank you, mr. chairman. dr. mccance-katz, one of the most important things we did in cures was to create an office of the assistant secretary of mental health and substance use, which is now what you have been nominated to head up. we need to ramp up our response to the opioid epidemic, and that means using every single tool in the tool box. and one tool is to put more resources into mental health. so can i ask you to tell us why it is so important that we address mental health if we want beat back the opioid crisis? >> yes, and thank you for that question. because there is such a very high rate of cooccurring mental disorders with substance abuse discords. and they often predate the subst

indian culture is at risk. so we're going to move them forcibly into oklahoma where they will forever be able to live in peace, of course, a few years later settlers arrive in oklahoma and want that land as well. but jackson does run into an opponent. and that opponent is the supreme court because in 1831, in 1831, the cherokee sue the state of georgia, goes all the way to the supreme court and chief justice john marshall rules in favor of the cherokee. he says, removing their land is unconstitutional so it looks like the plan is done. andrew jackson in typical manner in very jacksonian manner responds to chief juchste he s marshall has made his decision "now let him enforce it." and is he completely ignores the decision and the indian removal goes through the most infamous act -- episode in this removal was the trail of tears in 1838. 1839. 15,000 cherokee and actually next lecture we'll look a little closer at this cherokee civilization because they made some strong effort to try to comply. wasn't enough. was

he joins the military and fights the creek indians in 1814, fights the seminol indians in 1817. and in 1815 earns his fame through the battle of new orleans. this spectacular victory against the british, even though, again as you remember, the war was already over. that doesn't seem to matter because this elevates andrew jackson to celebrity status. that is indeed what jackson is, a celebrity. he has some political experience, serves about two years in the u.s. senate, but that's really all. jackson, well, he was also very wealthy, very, very wealthy. there's this plantation. the hermitage. it starts out, 1804, nine slaves. by the 1830s, jackson has well over 100 slaves and slaves are very expensive. most common people can't afford any at all. jackson has over 100, a very wealthy man, well to do. he enters the senate in 1823, in 1824 he runs for the presidency, a four-way race between jackson, adams, william crawford and henry clay. jackson wins the popular vote, 42%. jackson also wins the most electoral votes, but jackson does not win a majority of electoral votes. and so the c

the real losers were the indians. the british had backed and armed them, and they had done most of the fighting on the new especiallyan border, against andrew jackson in alabama and the south. they have the heaviest casualties. the peace talks to settle the war -- indians were abandoned by the british. it wasn't important enough. over, it didn't except you have destroyed cities and towns, thousands dead, dozens captured thousands ofs -- ships captured on both sides. the peace negotiators went right to london and signed a trading -- treaty. in the long run of history, it doesn't make sense. had we really lost, had the british one by invading -- won by invading through canada or from chesapeake, the united states couldn't have survived. we call it the word 1812 in the united states -- the war of 1812 in the united states. in england, they collect, -- they call it, the second world war of american independence. it was still the revolution. in canada, they think of it as their birthday. they have a huge bicentennial, wher