the middle east position was something of an afterthought. the ottoman empire was in severe economic distress in the decade prior to world war i and was trying to reform its military and governmental structures. there had been a coup that brought a group of ethnic turk leaders into power. these young turks now tried to excel rate the pace of reform. the ottoman empire was dubbed -- was dubbed and what this title the other european great power saw in the ottomans a declining empire, no able to defend or protect itself. the ottomans saw some of this danger themselves. they reached out to the german empire for land force military trainers, the british for naval trainers, and the french for air force trainers. it is important to know the ottoman military was not the corruption riddled and incompetent organization of a century earlier. in 1914, they were addled tested -- battle tested and had numerous company and field grade officers with experience that have proved themselves on the battlefield. the compelling point is no one entered world war i

about theme i talked great war in the middle east in 1915 and 1916. so tonight, i will address the great war the middle east in 1917 and 1918 and the ramifications of that war on our present environment. so when i teach students at the command and general staff college, i regularly describe world war i as the most important war in human history. and i am going to give just two of the reasons that i give for that statement tonight. the first is that war caused the downfall and destruction of four great empires. the russian empire, the german empire, the austrian empire, and the empire we will talk about most tonight, the ottoman empire. additionally, the actions during that war and at the end of that war created many of the problems currently present in the balkan peninsula and the middle east. so many years ago as an undergraduate history student, i became enamored by the events i will recount tonight. world war i then seemed to me to be such a boring and dirty war. ok, it is just trenches and mud. yuck. and even the movie "wonder woman" showed it pre

of people today and of think we have always been in the middle east. they fail to understand that really, up until 1979, we had very little involvement in the middle east. and we tried to keep it that way. , following what is going on in versailles, he is trying to keep the middle east at arms length and trying to avoid any attacks. he does try to understand the commission is what gets named. commission,d the trying to figure out what can be done, but the reality is, everybody basically wants to rule themselves. that is not surprising right. , right? >> i can't do the quote hundred percent, but i think when it was proposed to wilson, i think his response was, " i don't think the american people have the stomach for that." [laughter] >> right? we can't get enough. >> given the russia's historic ambition to get a port and given the current conditions in the middle east, is it logical to conclude that vladimir putin's maneuvers in syria and persia are a continuation of that effort to move south? ort?et a warm water p >> that is a great question. i absolut

east we don't have an america first policy in the middle east we have a saudi arabia and israel first policy in the middle east i don't know whether that represents where mr trump really wants to go or whether it is like i said an analogy to the pentagon whether he's indulging the realities that exist so he can do something else if he can get us out of syria i don't expect us to admit we made a mistake in syria of course we did a tragic horrible mistake but in politics people don't admit mistakes if he can slip us out of syria somehow the real question is will he take the bait on what has to be the red line that israel and saudi arabia want regime change in iran and if he goes down that road it's the end of his predecessor presidency he needs to understand that he ends up as george w. bush if he goes down that road may be a lot worse i frankly don't think he's going to do that but he's certainly got a lot of people both foreign and domestic pushing him in that direction and right now he's indulging them the question is whether he will follow through with that i hope he doesn't you kno

he's not firmly in the middle east. he's in the middle east because wheat israelis and the turks allow him to be in syria where he does have a presence. he would like to replace the soviet union with a new russian empire. but he's not going to do that. he wants to pull down the global security system and replace it with the 19th century with russia, china, the e.u., the israelis, saudis, the turks call the shots and everybody else does as they are told.

east we don't have an america first policy in the middle east we have a saudi arabia and israel first policy in the middle east i don't know whether that represents where mr trump really wants to go or whether it is like i said an analogy to the pentagon whether he's indulging the realities that exist so he can do something else if he can get us out of syria i don't expect us to admit we made a mistake in syria of course we did a tragic horrible mistake but in politics people don't admit mistakes if he can slip us out of syria somehow the real question is will he take the bait on what has to be the red line that israel and saudi arabia want regime change in iran and if he goes down that road it's the end of his predecessor presidency he needs to understand that he ends up as george w. bush if he goes down that road may be a lot worse i frankly don't think he's going to do that but he's certainly got a lot of people both foreign and domestic pushing him in that direction and right now he's indulging them the question is whether he will follow through with that i hope he doesn't you kno

east but you know the middle east is always it's more problematic for example of the one south america in the middle east is probably the most kind of volatile region in the world at the moment so then china stepping into a very difficult area and you mentioned earlier china is an extensive investment in africa because what attracts. a lot of countries to chinese investment is very often it comes with few conditions attached to it particularly in the political arena is that the same thing going on there with middle eastern countries not only that china has a particular way of investing so they they bring their own labor for example. it's not china it's not very flexible in many ways they can be effective but in their own terms so on this creates some problems with the countries that they're going into so they don't easily meld with the local local population first of all the the language is most of the countries in the world english is a second language to china for china that is still are a difficult difficult language for them and you remember you're talking of when they build ports

iran is still the head of the snake in the middle east. hamas and hezbollah are huge terrorist organizations funded, trained and equipped by iran. the same iran to which the former president was trying to give billions of dollars. we must ensurethat iran's aggression is met with ever-increasing sanctions. keep up the pressure on iran, mister president . peace in the middle east is the secret to peace in the world. we are with you, mister president. be bold, be courageous. this is our hour to turn the world around . [applause] to the young people of iran who are protesting iran's rogue regime and its practices, christians united for israel stand with you tonight. you deserve a bright and predictable future. you deserve fair and free elections and you deserve better than the ironfisted dictators thathave enslaved your nation . previous administrations have not heard you. we hear you loud and clear. [applause] as the tide is turning in iran , our mantra must continue to be full steam ahead. victory will emerge out of this administration and c

east but you know the middle east is always it's more problematic for example of the one south america in the middle east is probably the most kind of volatile region in the world at the moment so then china stepping into a very difficult area and you mentioned earlier china is an extensive investment in africa because what attracts. a lot of countries to chinese investment is very often it comes with few conditions attached to it particularly in the political arena is that the same thing going on there with middle eastern countries not only that china has a particular way of investing so they they bring their own labor for example. it's not china it's not very flexible in many ways they can be effective but in their own terms so on this creates some problems with the countries that they're going into so they don't easily meld with the local local population first of all the the language is most of the countries in the world english is a second language to china for china that is still are a difficult difficult language for them and you remember you're talking of when they build ports

east but you know the middle east is always it's more problematic for example than the south america is in the middle east is probably the most kind of volatile region in the world at the moment so then china is stepping into a very difficult area and you mentioned earlier china is an extensive investment in africa because what attracts. a lot of countries to chinese investment is very often it comes with few conditions attached to it particularly in the political arena is that the same thing going on there with middle eastern countries not only that china has a particular way of investing so they they bring their own labor for example. it's not china it's not very flexible in many ways they can be effective but in their own terms so on this creates some problems with the countries that they're going into so they don't easily meld with the local local population first of all the the language is most of the countries in the world english is a second language to china for china that is still are a difficult difficult language for them and you remember you're talking of when they build

to the promise of peace in the middle east. but a new dilemma after the death of the man at the center of palestinian struggle. now more than forty years after to status how far has the p.l.o. come to achieving its hopes and dreams including the turbulent story of the struggle for palestinian homes. history of a revolution on al-jazeera. i'm . the world's primary cocaine producing nation. is at the forefront of the war on drugs we're talking about serious organized crime as a country where reaching a critical point while some have made fortunes many others have suffered at the hands of this multi-billion dollar industry this business will go on forever change policies do who are the winners and losers of this illicit trade snow of the andes on al-jazeera. ran. hello i'm not in this in doha in these are the top stories here it out as they are the white house says u.s. president donald trump will meet members of congress on tuesday he's returned home to face criticism of his performance at the health think the summit with his rus

hybrid war is now rue mean the the middle east. the middle east is structured for conventional wars. the arab spring seeds remain in the region. the unemployment rate throughout the middle east is pretty common. with new alliances forming, saudi arabia and egypt. the gcc's relevance is less so. we have an ongoing engagement of political islam in the region, which fracture is a large part here where that and, can you -- where that ends up, can you have peace in gaza and iraq? we have shattered economies. the u.s. must play a role in nation building is a terrible thing to say but if you want to prevent isis 2.0, you have to find a way to engage in yemen, iraq, syria, and libya. and the impending change of leadership throughout the region, if you were to begin and just say name the region's leaders over the age of 78 or reported to bnl health, algeria, i'm on kuwait, iraq supreme eader. you could probably have a change in the region's leadership and we could have a bureaucrat that sustains things. we will not have a qaddafi or saddam

and the countries of the middle east. we have three flagship programs, the quarterly capitol hill conference is such as today's events and our quarterly journal middle east policy copies of which are useful on the table outside which has 11,000 subscribers found in libraries throughout the region and throughout the u.s. commander educational outreach program can teach middle east which provides educational resources for middle east geared towards secondary school teachers and students. i would encourage you to visit their website, any pc.org or the teach middle east website at teach nospaceco middle east.org to find out more about the program. now to today's event, this program is being carried live on c-span both live stream on the website and so i am pleased to also welcome all of those who've joined us either through c-span or online. the conference proceedings will be posted in video and transcript form on the website and a recap of the event will be posted there as well and an edited transcript will be published in t

do not get involved in yet another middle east of the war. richard you're absolutely right and that's exactly where i want to go here james they may look at all of all of us are kind of more or less on the same page here but then how do you account for the bellicose attitude towards iran and i think richard's right donald trump knows enough about history is that that he doesn't want to be a president that's brought down by a foreign war that he really doesn't want to get involved in i mean cheri i mean he's old enough to know what happened to lyndon johnson for example or george bush jr with iraq he doesn't want to have that around his collar but james you know using sanctions to intimidate friends and foes not to import a rainy unoiled i mean i again you know you know and you look at the american allies in the region saudi arabia and israel which would love to see some kind of regime change or instability that's probably their first priority i mean this seems to kind of go counter what trump pianism is all about when it when it goes to forei

east but you know the middle east is always it's more problematic for example of the one south america in the middle east is probably the most kind of volatile region in the world at the moment so then china is stepping into a very difficult area and you mentioned earlier china is in extensive investment in africa because what attracts. a lot of countries to chinese investment is very often it comes with few conditions attached to it particularly in the political arena is that the same thing going on there with middle eastern countries not only that china has a particular way of investing so they they bring their own labor for example. it's not china it's not very flexible in many ways they can be effective but in their own terms so on this creates some problems with the countries that they're going into so they don't easily meld with the local local population first of all the the language is most of the countries in the world english is a second language to china for china that is still are a difficult difficult language for them and you remember you're talking of when they build por

amman has become the middle east. amman has become the new york of the middle east!m isa the new york of the middle east!m is a nice time to be in amman. but's idea of a mind will actually challenge a few preconception and so will my next and final stop because 20 kilometres north—west of amman is home to jordan's first and 20 kilometres north—west of amman is home tojordan‘s first and only microbrewery. this is our packaging line. bottle storage. jordan? that is his first name. the chief lawyer, told me how they started from scratch four years ago. in jordan, there is, like, no infrastructure, there is, like, no infrastructure, there is, like, no infrastructure, there is no culture, there is absolutely nothing related to be making. so everything in the factory had to come from outside of the country. and it is notjust the equipment which comes mainly from china, italy and germany, at the ingredients too. this is what is called pilsner mould so you can see from the light colour it has not been roasted very much —— malt. said this actually makes up a base of

of the conference we are having is russia and the middle east. organizing a series of workshops and papers that have been coordinated and organized by dr. stephen blank who have helped us put together this conference today. in the past year, we have seen tremendous tension from every over building around syria u.s. support for kurdish forces and the deepening tension between the syrian government and military forces every taken territory in the south. how russia balances the 'svelopment will test putin strategy. discuss hownel will russia balances its relationship is the u.s. increasingly removes itself from the same, eager to avoid becoming bogged down in the conflict -- from the scene. a new, we had the great honor of a retired general sharing his thoughts and assessments and u.s. efforts to de-conflict and avoid confrontation over syrian airspace. i think this will be an enlightening presentation. he has a very interesting perspective on the region. who is chairing and moderating morning, panel this michael bryant is a senior fellow at the jam

around the middle east. he cozies up with iran and his mullah and the assad regime. i think we can expect him to double down on that primarily because when didn't hear much from the president telling him that was not how responsible

the missile forces the largest in the middle east. it includes thousands of short and medium range missiles. the problem this poses for military personnel for a variety of countries in the area is significant. some of these are capable of carrying nuclear warheads, should they decide to pursue this. in a disturbing development, iran has provided advanced technology to yemen and has block. bollah.hez meaning their adversaries may come up with a preemptive attack which could take the region into new areas. acts of terrorism have spiked in the last year. with --ports highlight what appears to be an aborted attack on paris, with explosives supplied by a agent. in june, they expelled to diplomats for involvement in terrorism. there was a effort to target israel he facilities in germany. iran has continued to build it cyber capability. it is one of the top threats to the united states, probably number three on that list. we are likely to see it increase its activities against arab neighbors and the united states as sanctions are reintroduce

sanctions had unleashed the iranian tiger across the middle east, in iraq, syria, lebanon, yemen, gaza and beyond. and under the dangerous nuclear deal, iran's nuclear ambitions were moving ahead. they were developing advanced centrifuges. developing ballistic missiles and hiding their secret nuclear archives. day after day, iran was getting closer to the time when all the nuclear deals restrictions would be removed and when it would be free to enrich as much uranium as it wanted. if that day ever comes, iran won't have to seek it or break into the nuclear weapons folks, iran will be able to walk into the nuclear weapons club. but thanks to president trump, things are looking very different today. [applaus [applause] >> anyone, anyone see president trump's tweet yesterday? talk about a new sheriff in town. and this sheriff is making clear that the days when the most powerful nation on earth will accept threats from iran, those days are over. anyone hear secretary pompeo's speech yesterday? well, the sheriff apparently has some new deputies as well. deputies who are not courting iran, c

east. but what i think we're getting to is that israel is saying that it is above the law and it does this time and again it says that it has a right to attack countries which it did when it came to iraq when it's come to syria when it come to lebanon and it's come to the palestinians and it's also saying that it has no reason it has no right to be subjected to the law just as you're above the law and you yourself said we didn't sign the n.p.t. let me ask you a question if iran tomorrow withdraws from the n.p.t. will you stop talking about iran because they're in your book they can do what you do right now in the logic of your position is they want nuclear capabilities for offensive measures if israel and again i'm not at liberty to say anything but about this subject but if israel has it or not it's completely israel before and so while defense and the purpose usually is different if they would say i know every want to get a nuclear weapon either way different by the way i hope i hope is n

foreign secretary jeremy hunt stand on middle east issues you might well ask that question because if you look down his history on israel syria yemen he seems to be on both sides he made some criticism of israel but at the same time said we've got to do business with them partying with our side in twenty years seven parting is a fairly loose term but yes exactly which are all part of syria and then we look at yemen where he's been very critical of the treatment of civilians but said nothing about the fact the u.k. has been arming the very nations is it in any relevant that twenty million face famine at the moment partly because the blockade of a port cynical as you may sound he's a survivor he was never pushed out of that job despite all the pressure on him once again there's a chance that he'll have more of a narrative whether you like that narrative or not he could have more of one than his predecessor boris johnson what to reason may needs at the moment is stability this is a loyalist in an important job i bet if she's breathing a sigh of relief let's go to a new brix it man well t

government, has that been a concern in the middle east? about muslims? khaldoon: we don't worry about that. we have such strong links with united states and people here in the united states. we have to be able to tell the difference between rhetoric and reality. ♪ david: in terms of the middle east, sheikh mohammed is very close to the crown prince and saudi arabia. how did they develop this close relationship? khaldoon: you know, the crown you prince of saudi arabia is another incredible leader. what he is doing and what you are seeing in saudi arabia right now is transformational. they share a few of the future, a vision of the future, a better place, not just for their people, but for the region. it is all these factors that make these two special leaders very close. khaldoon: president trump has pulled out of the iranian nuclear agreement. did you support the agreement? khaldoon: it is not a big secret that we in the uae have had reservations over that agreement from the beginning. we live in our region, our neighborhood. we have been dealing with

well let's say this season he's shown that he has two interests in the middle east the. so-called peace process doing something to get the biggest deal in history between israelis and palestinians and then the price of oil so those those two issues do capture his attention what where he's going he has unfortunately weakened confidence in american leadership in the middle east problem. by withdrawing from the agreement the jury c.p.u. agreed agreed that. he's playing with the weaker hand the nuclear agreement with iran you know ok one thing is very and i'm glad i'm going to wrap it up here i'm glad that richard brought up oil prices the way it's going gentlemen donald trump trying to lower oil prices he's been actually helping them to increase and the saudis for how he treats them so well the saudis have not returned the favor to try to equalize the price we'll see where this is going to go here that's all the time we have gentlemen many thanks to my guests and watched in new york and in london and thanks to our viewers for watching us here at r.t.c. a next time and remem

government, has that been a concern in the middle east? about muslims? khaldoon: no, we don't worry about that. we have such strong links with united states and such strong links with people here in the united states. we have to be able to tell the difference between rhetoric and reality. the reality is what we feel. ♪ david: in terms of the middle east, sheikh mohammed is very close to the crown prince and -- in saudi arabia. how did they develop this close relationship? khaldoon: you know, the crown prince of saudi arabia, his highness mohammad bin salman is another incredible leader. i mean, what he is doing and what you are seeing in saudi arabia right now is transformational. they share a view of the future, a vision of the future, a better place, not just for their people, but for the region. and i think it is all these factors that make these two special leaders very close. khaldoon: president trump has pulled out of the iranian nuclear agreement. did you support the agreement? khaldoon: you know, david, it is not a big secret that we in the uae

cutting off the supply of middle east oil saudi arabia temporarily suspend shipments through the straits after two of its tankers are attacked by the rebels off the coast of yemen will that further fuel regional tensions and lead to high oil prices this is inside story. welcome to the program i'm peter dubey petrol prices could soon be on the way up because of the war in yemen and sanctions being reimposed on iran saudi arabia has ordered its oil tankers to stop states sailing through the bubble mandeb straight off the coast of yemen after two others were attacked if ships on their way to the suez canal and beyond can't use this vital seaway rerouting all the way around south africa will out weeks to delivery times and push up the cost of oil and other products who the rebels have been fighting in yemen for the past three years they're backed by iran and face a coalition of countries led by major oil producers saudi arabia and the united arab emirates they also use the strait of hormuz to. for the oil worldwide but the gateway to the gulf is also a hostage to tensions between washington

cutting off the supply of middle east oil saudi arabia temporarily suspend shipments through the straits opted to have its tank this hour attacked by the rebels off the coast of yemen without further fuel regional tensions and to high oil prices this is inside story. welcome to the program i'm peter dubey petrol prices could soon be on the way up because of the war in yemen and sanctions being reimposed on iran saudi arabia has ordered its oil tankers to stop states sailing through the bible mendip straight off the coast of yemen off to two all those were attacked if ships on their way to the suez canal and beyond can't use this vital seaway rerouting all the way around south africa will out weeks to delivery times and push up the cost of oil and all the products who the rebels have been fighting in yemen for the past three years they're backed by iran and face a coalition of countries led by major oil producers saudi arabia and the united arab emirates they also use the straits of hormuz to export their oil worldwide but the gateway to the gulf is also a hostage to tensions between wash

government, has that been a concern in the middle east? about muslims? khaldoon: no, we don't worry about that. we have such strong links with united states and such strong links with people here in the united states. we have to be able to tell the difference between rhetoric and reality. the reality is what we feel. ♪ david: in terms of the middle east, sheikh mohammed is very close to the crown prince in saudi arabia. how did they develop this close relationship? khaldoon: you know, the crown prince of saudi arabia, his highness mohammad bin salman is another incredible leader. i mean, what he is doing and what you are seeing in saudi arabia right now is transformational. they share a view of the future, a vision of the future, a better place, not just for their people, but for the region. and i think it is all these factors that make these two special leaders very close. khaldoon: president trump has pulled out of the iranian nuclear agreement. did you support the agreement? khaldoon: you know, david, it is not a big secret that we in the uae have a

we want japan, east asia, europe to be able to count reliably on middle east oil. russia's trying to achieve a position to dominate decision making from if iran through -- from iran through control of suez and hormuz separately. he's already established a foothold in syria. he's using two things to overcome this region politically. one of them is selling high stakes, state of the art weaponry -- air defense especially -- secondly, to sell nuclear power plants. and once you control the supply of electricity to a country, you're going to dominate political decision make anything that country for 70 years. >> but, robert, where was the u.s.? i mean, egypt is dependent on the u.s. jordan is dependent on the u.s. what were we doing when putin was making those deals? >> real quick. >> out to lunch? >> well, a very important point, steve. a year ago we had an opportunity to engage with president sisi in egypt on a very constructive agenda, and we didn't do it. we've still got an opportunity there, but it's going to that take a lot of catch-up ball by the president to rest

you know, amman‘s become the new york of the middle east. amman has become the new york of the middle east! yeah, yeah. it's a nice time to be in amman. that idea of amman will certainly challenge a few preconceptions and so will my next and final stop, because 20km north—west of amman is fuheis, home tojordan‘s first and only microbrewery. right here, this is our packaging line and bottle storage. jordan — yep, that is his first name — the chief brewer here, told me how they started from scratch four years ago. injordan, there's, like, no infrastructure, there's no culture, there's absolutely nothing related to beer making. so everything in the factory had to come from outside of the country. and it's notjust the equipment — which comes mainly from china, italy and germany — but the ingredients too. this is what's called pilsner malt, so you can see from the light colour it's not been roasted very much, so this actually makes up the base of all of our beers. but what's quintessential about the beer are the distinctive jordanian

government, has that been a concern in the middle east? about muslims? khaldoon: no, we don't worry about that. we have such strong links with and such strong links with people here in the united states. we have to be able to tell the difference between rhetoric and reality. the reality is what we feel. ♪ david: in terms of the middle east, sheikh mohammed is very close to the crown prince and -- in saudi arabia. how did they develop this close relationship? khaldoon: you know, the crown prince of saudi arabia, his highness mohammad bin salman is an incredible leader. what he is doing and what you are seeing in saudi arabia right now is transformational. they share a view of the future, a vision of the future, a better place, not just for their people, but for the region. in the think it is all these -- and i think it is all these factors that make these two special leaders very close. khaldoon: president trump has pulled out of the iranian nuclear agreement. did you support the agreement? khaldoon: you know, david, it is not a big secret that we in th

cutting off the supply of middle east oil saudi arabia temporarily suspend shipments through straight up to two of its tank this hour attacked by the rebels off the coast of yemen without further fuel regional tensions and to high oil prices this is inside story. welcome to the program i'm peter dubey petrol prices could soon be on the way up because of the war in yemen and sanctions being reimposed on iran saudi arabia has ordered its oil tankers to stop states sailing through the bible mendip straight off the coast of yemen after two of those were attacked if ships on their way to the suez canal and beyond current use this vital seaway rerouting all the way around south africa will out weeks to delivery times and push up the cost of oil and all the products who the rebels have been fighting in yemen for the past three years they're backed by iran and face a coalition of countries led by major oil producers saudi arabia and the united arab emirates they also use the straits of hormuz to export their oil worldwide but the gateway to the gulf is also a hostage to tensions between washi

like south korea and japan i think he can afford to kick them around but we come to the middle east and talk about israel and saudi arabia i don't think there's so much our clients as where their client given the kind of influence the israelis and the saudis have in this town it's not so easy to cross them so i think he is proceeding much more carefully there just as he indulges the pentagon i think he's indulging those countries but we're going to have to see now he can turn the corner especially if he can work out something with mr putin on syria with regard to essentially keeping the israelis and the iranians away from each other near the golan heights we might have the beginning of something constructive in that region but that's going to be a very tough road to hoe i think ok it's interesting peter what weigh in on that too because i guess if you do i restate my first question in a much shorter version is that trump is showing flexibility in some areas here in other areas these seem these seem far more rigid how do you see it i mean particularly in the region of the middle east

foreign secretary jeremy stand on middle east issues you might well ask that question because if you look down his history on israel syria yemen he seems to be on both sides he made some criticism of israel but at the same time said we've got to do business with them oh not seeing with our side in twenty seven parting is fairly loose but yes he said. sort of syria and then we look at yemen where he's been very critical of the treatment of civilians but said nothing about the fact the u.k. has been arming the very nations resisting getting relevant that twenty million face famine at the moment partly because the blockade of port cynical as you may sound he's a survivor he was never pushed out of that job despite all the pressure on him once again there's a chance that he'll have more of a narrative whether you'd like that narrative or not he could have more of one than his predecessor boris johnson what to resume a needs at the moment is stability this is a loyalist in an important job i bet if she's breathing a sigh of relief let's go to a new brix it man well that's right the entry

is woken in his suite with the news of military activity in the middle east. two hours later at two pm middle eastern time. egypt and syria launched a war against israel on two fronts. after three years in power egyptian president anwar sadat had grown tired of peace initiatives that seemed to be going nowhere. you don't fear them with your toes has not been successful and sort of and and the united states was the main supporter of the surge so it was clear that if you want to solve the problem you would have to do two things either go to war. or try to convince the americans to move into. two weeks into the war and with the opposing forces locked in a stalemate and richeson just arrived in moscow. is goal was to agree a u.n. ceasefire acceptable to egypt soviet allies. the russians had to. for the rich jews it was acceptable so we had to rewrite it in history and. showed up from the. right again. we push it to the next morning. within two days the draft of un security council resolution three three eight had been accepted by both the soviets and the americans

and what it could mean for the middle east. i'm joined by russian/american journalist marsha dillon. plus, my conversation with the head of the world trade organization, roberto azavedo about the fallout from a u.s. and china trade war. why trump's complaints can't be ignored. welcome to the program, everyone. i'm christiane amanpour. the peace process has taken a perilous turn following a hugely provocative bill passed by israel's parliament. the nation's state law enshrines israel as the home of the jewish people and it downgrades the status of arabic, leaving only hebrew as the official language of israel. this was the reaction from israeli/arab lawmakers furiously ripping up the bill. critics say the law slams a nail into the coffin of the country's democracy and plunges a two-state solution into the abyss. meanwhile, the top u.s. general in the middle east says that he has received no specific direction, despite russia claiming that putin and trump have agreed ed td to cooperate see syria and other issues. to discuss this

well let's say this he's showing his two interests in the middle east the. so-called peace process doing something to get the biggest deal in history between israelis and palestinians and then the price of oil so those those two issues do capture his attention what where he's going he has unfortunately weakened confidence in american leadership in the middle east problem. with drawing from the agreement the. agreed. he's playing with the weaker hand the nuclear agreement with iran. ok one thing is very and i'm glad we're going to wrap it up here i'm glad that richard brought up oil prices the way it's going gentlemen donald trump trying to lower oil prices he's been actually helping them to increase and the saudis how he treats them so well the saudis have not returned the favor to try to equalize the price we'll see where this is going to go here that's all the time we have gentlemen many thanks to my guests and watched in new york and in london and thanks to our viewers for watching us here at r.t.c. a next time and remember. the camera. roughly once the s

as i've met with people around e world, from togo, nigeria, all across the middle east, malvage n the little islands, remote islands in the philippines, all the way across to america, around the world. it is amazing how many people see america as their only hope for having peace in this life. franklin roosevelt felt like the threat of nazi germany justified his actions in joining forces with an evil terrorist dictator. a mass murderer like stalin. but he also joined forces with winston churchill. who also could see the rising .hreat of communism through russia. but now, not so many see the threat anymore. the president is over there in helsinki today, talking to vladimir putin. my conversation with him about , he year and a half ago certainly understood the threat , but so is is to us misinformation about what's real. what's true. i was listening to some of my colleagues before me, i've been listening to people on the news talking about justice kavanaugh, and frankly he was not my first choice out of those that the president could have chosen. to say slavery would be coming back if he

east the big bright star of course is saudi arabia ok and. if you look at growth rates in the different regions you know a sure. how are they looking for the growth rates going forward yes and some of the hot spots coming up actually there are some of the emerging nations and then there are just growth rates so one of the most outstanding growth rates that continues as outpaced all nations actually is australia and that's really due to their brilliant immigration policies to get into australia i mean you have to have a certain network you have to come with certain skills they have not been stupid about that and most importantly they had a mining boom where they were mining coal and iron ore that they were shipping to all the factories in the nation so there's a great growth rate some of the emerging nations where there's a men's growth are you've got the some of the. in the pacific basically all the countries right then you have argentina you have indonesia india india is projected to have a seven percent growth rate seven point nine next yea

withdrawal from the iran nuclear agreement, hosted by the middle east policy council, at 10 a.m. eastern. house insurance officials discussed the role of the individual health insurance market. nation's governors are meeting in santa fe, new mexico. watch the national governors association meeting starting at 11 a.m. eastern on c-span two. on cyber security posted by the "washington post," on c-span3. ofsunday night, the daughter an american diplomat discusses her memoir, "daughter of the cold war." >> i meant vladimir putin in 1991. >> was he deputy mayor then? >> yes. i had a meeting with the real mayor. he was called away. they substituted the deputy mayor, vladimir putin. i was annoyed, because i was not meeting with the mayor. i knew he had been in the kgb and i was negative about it all. he came in and he was equally negative. he did not want to meet with claiming ton woman run a business. i think he was very suspicious of women. hadad no gallantry, and he the coldest eyes i had ever seen. very big, blue, cold eyes. all i could think of is, what would happen if he was inter

prime ministers there has colluded with the radical islamists of the middle east the muslim brotherhood the there were hardly fanatics in saudi arabia so this doesn't surprise me at all what does surprise me is that the they've been very lax so coy with their figures and they're saying there's just a few military personnel there almost like if it's only a few war crimes it's not too bad a war crime is a war crime genocide is genocide and we've been targeting civilians with killed with missile strikes that wedding parties and schools and hospitals all of these are war crimes and the british government and its troops over in saudi arabia are colluding in that respect so yeah it's shocking but it's not shocking if you know what i mean yeah we expect this from our government the term mike trainers train on assist is something we've heard a lot done in the years but never quite knew what it meant no we're hearing that train and assist it is in actual command centers the hub of the operation for attacks it opens up a lot of questions how necessary is it for train and assist to be that close t

well i would just comment on the whole idea of the trump administration wanting to broker a middle east peace i'm not sure that is the focus i think that's much too strategic a focus for the chump administration which i think is really sort of bob bogged down in tactical approaches to the world and i think that's the reason why he likes to break through and have a personal meeting with kim and now a personal meeting with trump which of course terrifies his advisors you know there was a codel there was a group of u.s. senators who went to russia recently yet and just going to showing to prove that the worst thing to get information is on a codel because it's sort of a great exercise in groupthink and bubble mentality they all came back and showed they had absolutely nothing from their time in russia i think it was shall be from alabama that said that well trump better study stalin if he wants to understand how to deal with it and you know i mean it's just these absurdities lindsey graham is out there tweeting his little fingers off about how we've got to stay in syria forever and trump b

east quartet. the. in addition to some other regional human. also you see some other australians scotians the prosecutor a lot about being rationed consists of. consistently based on. the criminal between the said i'm. going to serve them put him. up to about the circle. we intend to continue our interaction. peaceful nuclear area where he was with a source for where. we want to the worst while i was from such severe injury we believe that they borrow want to know how greece next meeting before the end of this year we're going to trial what's next before the end of his year will contribute to these efforts. we will continue working together. both in our work in particular interests and poetry and on. regional and international issues. we just been hearing there from the russian foreign minister sergey lavrov moscow updating journalists. latest attempts to which. yes the current situation in syria the fighting in southern syria around the province. there's a jordanian foreign minister a minister fad

around the middle east. he cozies up with iran and his mullah and the assad regime. i think we can expect him to double down on that primarily because when didn't hear much from the president telling him that was not how responsible actors on the world stage act. charles: though i did hear president trump mention china and xi early in the conversation. could one of his goals today to have been to play them off each other which has been done historically and considering how rapidly china is growing in the world, maybe russia can play a role in checking their ambitions. >> i'm not sure there is a grand plan. there might have been an assumption on the path o -- on e part of the president. but i don't think he made the point he wanted to. that's the concern. it was a disappointing performance. there were opportunities lost. at the very least he could have bared his teeth and snarled at putin letting him know things that happened under obama couldn't happen under this watch. charles: james, how can russia whose e

is woken in his suite with news of military activity in the middle east. two hours later at two pm middle eastern time. egypt and syria launched a war against israel on two fronts. after three years in power egyptian president anwar sadat had grown tired of peace initiatives that seemed to be going nowhere. you don't fear the mitigators has not been successful and so and and the united states was the main supporter of the surge so it was clear that if you wanted to solve the problem you would have to do two things either go to war. or tried to convince the american to move into. two weeks into the war and with the opposing forces locked in a stalemate and richeson just arrived in moscow. is goal was to agree a un ceasefire acceptable to egypt's soviet allies. the russians had presented us with a russian jewish that was unacceptable so we had to rewrite it in every and. shake up from the. right again. we push into the next morning. within two days the draft of the un security council resolution three three eight had been accepted by both the soviets and the