the u.s. army heritage and education center in carlisle, pennsylvania, posts a living history event featuring several hundred reenactors from all eras of american history. next, on american artifacts, we visit a mock world war i trench to hear from two u.s. army veterans who specialize in portraying french soldiers of the great war. this is about 20 minutes. >>> good morning, my name is carter bertone, i portray a first lieutenant in the 18th infantry regiment french army 1917/1918. we're sitting here at carlisle barracks at the army historical education center and we're giving presentations on the french army and its role in the world war i and its links to the american forces. 23 you take a look here at this trench system, you'll see it's riveted with wood. this is actually -- this was actually taken off the u.s. army manual dated 1917 of how to build a trench system copied from the british manual but you can see this is very well built, very well constructed. you probably would not have see

the u.s. army enters the war not prepared for modern style war fare. the machine guns they had weren't really efficient. this is probably one of the more common machine guns. the u.s. used some british guns depending on the division. the u.s. didn't have their own machine guns. so what we have is an eight millimeter standard french cartrid cartridge. the bullets are interchangeable between them all. it came on these 24 round strips in a box of 12. and it doesn't seem efficient loading in the strips but a well trained crew can keep up a steady rate of fire which is 450 rounds per minute. this is considered one of the first modern machine guns in that it is air cooled and gas operated. these cooling fins is a neat feature that help radiate heat away from the barrel plus the heavy metal helped keep it cool especially with it firing in bursts just like in modern machine guns to help keep the barrel from overheating. what you see here below is the gas tube. the pistons would push through the gears to operate the gun. this is an adjusting knob on the front t

by the mid 1970s the u.s. army would be charged with nurse discrimination. you additional have nurses charged with discrimination in that they are continuing suspicious in their attempt to fully be emercied -- emerged. you still have women with the unevan approach. they decided to reduce the age limit for dependence. they allow women with children over the age of 14 to join the army nurse corp. they allow marry women in the army nurse corp. there are significant changes in the 19 60s. there were big differences and challenges as it comes to race relations and gender relations. that's reflective of larger sure value -- civilian society. thank you. [ applause ] >> does anyone have a question? >> hi, you mentioned something about a quota on black women nurses. you said there were many more trained and capable of iful filling the mission. can you say something about the refraining for policewoman women as nurses. was there segregation in training schools? >> that's a really good question. it's part of the problem. so, in the civilian nursing profession training

this was actually taken off the u.s. army manual, dated 1917, of how to build a trench system. it was copied from the british manual, but you can see that this is very well-built. it is very well constructed. you probably would not have seen a trench system this good in europe, unless it was in the rear area. very rear area, in a quiet sector. you can imagine that if you had all the wood in the world, all the labor in the world, and all -- nobody was shelling at you, you could build something like this. but this is not the case in a normal sector in the front lines. you would see sandbags, corrugated tin, corrugated iron, and even experimented with chain-link fencing to keep the dirt back. trench warfare, nobody really wanted to get into this. they had seen what had happened at the sino-japanese war, but what happens is, with the mass mobilizations of armies, the two armies clash at the battle of frontiers in 1914. they clash, they dig in and they start to outflank each other. each time that would stalemate. by the end of 1914, early 1915, you have a solid line of trenches, fro

of cadmium with the u.s. army sending a warning later only letter warning letter only a year after the job was done back in twenty seventeen he was overseeing the cleaning of contaminated army equipment. a couple of minutes from head to should i was part of this white powdery substance but like talking very fine variable and not flaws show we actually started cleaning these boxes were. any truly information. early any knowledge of the danger or what we're actually doing with those boxes what will go well in its warning letter sent a year to late the u.s. army said that skin and eye contact should be avoided it also recommended to that so you should wear special protective gear while standing near the contaminated boxes one of the risks was that the cadmium could be covering the equipment could become airborne and then be breathed in cadmium is a highly toxic substance that can cause cancer and it can affect the central nervous system and can also cause kidney failure acute inhalation may even cause death on r

army camps. i study just the u.s. army. they did not call by the terms used in the prohibition measure further. like the old adage, i know it when i see it, lawmakers evinced a comfortable familiarity with pornography and accepted that it was hurting the war effort. the law provided for a fine of $500 to be levied against any person who knowingly mailed an obscene book, pamphlet, or other publication. the wartime measure set a precedent for sweeping legislation that was passed in the postwar era. a federal law and a cluster of state laws, known as the comstock laws. informed by the intention to keep the u.s. mail clean, these comstock laws outlawed a wide variety of sexual expression and behaviors. a lot of you are familiar with these laws. for those of you that are not, these laws resulted in the arrest of birth control and abortion providers, women who patronized them and, later, these laws became the basis for criminalizing homosexual behavior. these prohibitions stayed in place until the second half of the 20th century.

army david paterson and his colleagues were unwittingly exposed to a toxic form of cadmium with the u.s. army sending a warning letter only a year after the job was done back in two thousand and seventeen he was overseeing the cleaning of contaminated army equipment. a couple of minutes from here for this white powdery substance but like told though a very fine variable. was so we actually started cleaning these boxes well so any really it was a mission. in the any knowledge of the deal or actually doing those boxes what's what. and when it's warning letter sent a year too late the u.s. army said that skin and eye contact should be avoided also recommended wearing special protective gear are standing near the contaminated boxes one of the risks was that the cadmium covering the equipment could become airborne and then it could be breathed then a highly toxic substance is known to cause cancer and affect the central nervous system and it could even cause kidney failure acute inhalation may cause death on receiving the warning letter david paterson made contact with the u.s. army. their r

army kasai and its site and- army test its role. >>

i am retired u.s. army. i spent five years in germany and the cold war. and, you reread all the official history. the officers. that i started -- some narratives by --. i met a lot of germans. [ inaudible ]. i was wondering, what was it like for the common soldier? that site is never told outside of europe. and, i tried to get an insight into the opposite side. what was it like? if you could -- >> if you could summarize it, what was life like for the soldier? >> -- enlisted myself. it's a universal thing. you go what you are told to do what you are told to do, and hope that you live. try to keep your buddies alive. >> [ inaudible ]. >> that's pretty much all it is. it's miserable. if you are stuck in the trenches, in the mud, the muck, rats. your comrades are dying. it's a miserable existence. it would not be pleasant. to be out here doing reenacting, it is nice, but you are never going to be out. he gets to the point where you can actually relive that experience, in order to appreciate the way it should be appreciated. we are portraying regiment 52. basi

substance cadmium the u.s. army sending a warning letter only a year after the job was done back in twenty seventeen he was overseeing the cleaning of contaminated equipment. just a couple of minutes from head to said i was covering this white powdery substance a bit like talking very fine variable and not laws we actually started cleaning these boxes with. any training information. early any knowledge of the danger or what we're actually doing with those boxes whatsoever in their warning letter sent a year too late the us army said that skin and eye contact should be avoided while inhalation of the substance was also dangerous or not wearing special protective gear while standing near the contaminated boxes was also not recommended now cadmium is a poisonous substance that can cause cancer it affects the central nervous system and can cause kidney failure and bone damage acute inhalation can even cause death on or saving the warning letter david paterson contacted the u.s. army the a reaction was one of the th

eagle and the army you have to request a comment from the u.s. army and other firms involved in the contract. are still to come on the program here on our t.v. a man with down syndrome who is carrying a toy gun is shot dead by swedish police will give you the details in just a moment. you know world of big partisan movies lot of things and conspiracy it's time to wake up to dig deeper to hit the stories that mainstream media refuses to tell more than ever we need to be smarter we need to stop slamming the door on the bats and shouting past each other it's time for critical thinking it's time to fight for the middle for the truth the time is now for watching closely watching the hawks. with lawmakers manufactured incentives to public wealth. when the ruling classes protect themselves. with the final merry go round lifts only the one percent. nor middle of the room sick. i mean real news. it is good to have you with us today action movie star steven segal has been appointed the russian foreign ministry's special representative on humanitarian ties

army. the site of the largest military installation in the united states, consisting of all most 3200 square miles in southern new mexico. while in las cruces, we toured the white sands so range missiles range museum and learned on how the site is used today. at the beginning of the atomic age, was the detonation of the bomb it trinity site and the beginning of the space age in anticipation of the captured german b-2s coming over. those three things set the stage for what occurred here later. all army rocket and missile testing since that time is taking place here. the navy in 1946 came out, realized the need for developing new missions to defend the fleet. the navy was part of the program, as well. always force initially tested out here going back to world war ii. and then everything through the cold war. you know, every kind of missile, tighten rocket programs, nasa has a big rocket sounding program at here. anything that has to do with rockets and this whole technology kind of began here

substance cadmium with the u.s. army sending a warning letter only a year after the drop was finished now back in twenty seventeen he was overseeing the cleaning of contaminated equipment. a couple of minutes from head to should i was in this white powdery substance a bit like talking very fine very able and not laws we actually started cleaning these boxes. any training information. any any knowledge of the danger or what we're actually doing with those boxes whatsoever and it's warning letter sent a year or two late the u.s. army said that skin and eye contact should be avoided and also recommended wearing special protective gear while standing near the contaminated boxes now one of the risks so was that the cadmium covering the equipment could become airborne and then of course be breathed in cadmium is a highly toxic substance that can cause cancer it affects the central nervous system and can cause kidney failure acute inhalation may even cause death on receiving the warning letter david patterson contacted the

substance cadmium with the u.s. army sending a warning letter only a year after the job was completed back in twenty seventeen of the man in question was overseeing the cleaning of contaminated equipment. a couple of minutes from head to should i was in this white powdery substance a bit like talking very fine very able and not laws we actually started cleaning these boxes. any training information. early any knowledge of the danger or what we're actually doing with those boxes whatsoever in its warning letter sent a year too late the us army said that skin and eye contact should be avoided and also recommended wearing special protective gear while standing near the contaminated boxes now one of the risks was the cadmium covering the equipment could become airborne and then it could be ultimately breathed then cadmium is a highly toxic substance that can cause cancer it affects the central nervous system and can cause kidney failure acute inhalation can even cause death on receiving the warning letter david patterso

army david paterson and his colleagues were unwittingly exposed to a toxic form of cadmium with the u.s. army sending a warning letter only a year after the job was done back in twenty seventeen he was overseeing the cleaning of contaminated equipment. a couple of minutes from head to i was covering this white powdery substance a bit like talking very fine very about laws we actually not laws we actually started cleaning these boxes were. any truly information. early any knowledge of the danger or what we're actually doing with those boxes whatsoever well in its warning letter sent a year later the u.s. army did say that skin and eye contact should be avoided it also recommended to be wearing special protective gear are standing near the contaminated boxes one of the risks was that the cadmium covering the equipment could become airborne and then be breathed in cadmium is a highly toxic substance known to cause cancer and it affects the central nervous system and can also cause kidney failure acute inhalation may even cause death when i'm receiving the warning letter david paterson cont

they were part of the 2nd u.s. division, it was an army division. the marines probably had more experience than the army at the time of world war i. marines had been deployed around the world in the caribbean, but general pershing, the commander of the american expeditionary forces, didn't want the marines to be part of the aef. it took heavy lobbying by congress with help from secretary of the navy daniels, the commandant in the marine corps, finally pershing acquiesced and allowed two regiments, 5th and 6th marines, became part of the 2nd division. they would make their stand here and suffer heavily over a month of fighting. during that period, they lost almost 10,000 wounded and killed, about 1,800 of those marines were killed. let's take a look at some of the areas that are -- show how the marines fought during that period of june 5th through june 26th of 1918. now we're heading towards one of the three isolated german artillery pieces. the one that i'm approaching is an 1896 model field gun that could fire everything from high shrapnel, shrapne

understanding postwar anti-pornography is an exploring his time in the u.s. army. his experience of the war did not compare to pierce or graham. both enlisted early and saw some of the worst violence. hishs after surviving court-martial, colonel pierce had his right arm torn off by a cannonball. he recovered and served two more years. anthony comstock enlisted late in the war, when the 17th connecticut served as a cemetery occupying force. he sought an combat. his entire army experience consisted of inspections and guard duty. he felt alienated and he struggled with his feelings he didn't understand. of hishe fragments diaries, there are evidence of for astruggles, including young man of 20 with his sexual urges. 17th after his daughter died. he felt it was his duty. understandelps you what is going on in his mind. recordedduty today, he on a hot day, tempted and led into the lion's mouth. wantingempted and found , how it's peace and happiness. he confessed on a day when he had success. temptation andto jesus stacked it away. -- snatched it away. on one day he wrot

army once trump was sworn in. we've been wondering all along if he himself might have worked out a deal with prosecutors. where is this guy? we've been trying to figure out how this allegation about selling this army job might relate to the multiple felony charges. we haven't understood why this one aspect of paul manafort's case was cleared to go ahead when all other aspects of the trump presidency have been blocked. it's pen sort of a juicy allegation, an interesting one. we haven't really known where it was going. tonight we know. now we know about tomorrow, on the last day of the prosecution presenting their case, they are apparently going to finally lay it all out so we will finally know what they've been getting at with this. two employees of that little chicago bank were given immunity deals in exchange for their testimony against paul manafort. those would witnesses who were given immunity have not testified thus far. we now understand that they will both be called to the stand tomorrow morning. we also le

u.s. army sergeant vin sgt. maj. .cilvenna he describes the changing of the guard ceremony and the meaning i the monument, the world war tomb of the unknown soldier. my pleasure to introduce sgt. maj. mcilvenna, retired from the u.s. army after nearly 23 years of service where he held key leadership positions, led the contingency opio

in 17 years reporting on this war, this was the first time to go with the u.s. army green berets. they checked our footage after traveling the dirt roads that lead to isis, all to protect security on the ground. what you're looking at now is the u.s. military striking isis positions, isis tunnels, trying to degrade their capacity. but while they have air superiority, the truth is that they still have to put troops on the ground to take the fight to the militants. this is perhaps the most dangerous part of the mission on this day. and we joined the u.s. troops as they go door-to-door checking for isis fighters and hidden bombs.

their driving legendary willie's jeeps the most famous u.s. army vehicle in world war two. but it takes passion and dedication to drive the whole distance in an old open topped car. i grew up in the back seat of my dad's willie's jeep my kids grew up in the back seat of this williams jeep my oldest boy has a willie's jeep himself and he can't wait to have kids so that they can grow up in the backseat of theirs it's it's just it's part of our family i have a one thousand nine hundred sixty j two a jeep slightly modified a bit. everywhere we've gone we've encouraged people to sign the vehicle and we probably have fifty signatures on there the only problem i've had is i lost a fan belt trying to catch up everybody else after pull off doing some photos and videos and we ended up changing the fan belt fifty yards away from a bison that was on his side of the road so we didn't get any pictures but we have a fan belt changed in record time. bison. yes indeed dozens of the nearly extinct north american wild cattle graze along the highway. the nineteen ninety two forty nine buys and

substance cadmium that the u.s. army's sending a warning letter only a year after the job was finished back in twenty seventeen the man was overseeing the cleaning of contaminated equipment. a couple of minutes from head to should i was covered in this white powdery substance but like very fine variable and not laws we actually started cleaning these boxes well so any training information. any any knowledge of the danger or what we're actually doing with those boxes whatsoever in its warning letter sent a year too late the us army said that skin and eye contact should be avoided and also recommended wearing special protective gear while standing near to the contaminated boxes now one of the risks was that the cabin cadmium covering the equipment could become airborne and then ultimately it could be inhaled academy or is a highly toxic substance that does cause cancer it affects the central nervous system and can cause kidney failure acute inhalation may even cause death and receiving the warning letter david paterso

substance cadmium with the u.s. army sending a warning letter only year after the job was done well back in twenty seventeen he was overseeing the cleaning of contaminated army equipment. a couple of minutes from head to should i was covering this white powdery substance but like talking very fine variable or not was show we actually started cleaning these boxes well so any truly information. ily any knowledge of the danger of what we're actually doing with those boxes whatsoever well in its warning letter sent to relate the u.s. army said that skin and eye contact should be avoided it also recommended wearing special protective gear to tuesday's makeup while standing near the contaminated boxes one of the risks was that the cadmium covering the equipment could become airborne and then be breathed in it is a highly toxic substance that can cause cancer that affects the central nervous system and can also cause kidney failure until the inhalation may even cause death when receiving the warning letter david paterson c

i'm retired u.s. army. i spent five years of my tour in germany back during the cold war, and you read all the official histories, but then i started coming across some narratives by common soldiers. i met a lot of germans from past the current generations. and i'm wondering what it's like for the common soldier? i started researching that, because that side is never told. outside of europe. and i strive to give a little insight into the opposite side. what was life like? >> if you could summarize it, what was life like? >> the common soldier, essentially it's a universal thing. having been enlisted myself, you go where you are told, you are told what to do. and you hope you live. and try to keep your buddies alive. your comrades alive. >> anything to add to that? >> what was life like for the common soldier? >> pretty miserable. and that's all it was, any war would be miserable. if you are stuck in trenches, mud, comrades are dying, it is a miserable existence. it would not be pleasant. and be out here doi

these were exceptional soldiers by the standards of the u.s. army at the time. i would argue although people might get upset with me that for the vast majority of our infantry in the second world car there were civilians in uniform. by this stage, they were nowhere near where they needed to be and we can look forward and see the battle that will take place slight i will less than six months later and you will see a different u.s. army because that army was bloodied across the board. it is nowhere near as proficient as the enemy it was facing. if we are looking at a group of rangers, they would not have been smoking on patrol. they would not have been borderline mutinies with their commander. you would have seen a greater level of proficiency and cohesion that would contrast with your rank. you can think of the performance of the 90th infantry division which is legendary for not doing very well that is coming in late on the day -- actually a little farther up on utah. i think to another good point -- i think another good point, when we see saving private ryan, we

their driving legendary willie steeps the most famous u.s. army vehicle in world war two. but it takes passion and dedication to drive the whole distance in an old open topped car. i grew up in the back seat of my dad's willie's jeep my kids grew up in the back seat of this will use jeep my oldest boy has a willie's jeep himself and he can't wait to have kids so that they can grow up in the backseat of theirs it's it's just it's part of our family i have a one thousand nine hundred sixty j. to a g. slightly modified a bit and take it for long trips as long as trip i've ever been on so far today buy today were about three thousand two hundred miles for the whole trip. everywhere we've gone we've encouraged people to sign the vehicle and we probably have fifty signatures and they're the only problem. i have is a lost fan belt trying to catch up everybody else after paul off doing some photos and videos and we ended up changing the fan belt fifty yards away from a bison that was on it was over the road so we didn't get any pictures but we have a fan belt changed in record tim

their driving legendary willie's jeeps the most famous u.s. army vehicle in world war two. but it takes passion and dedication to drive the whole distance in an old open topped car. i grew up in the back seat of my dad's willie's jeep my kids grew up in the back seat of this williams jeep my oldest boy has a willie's jeep himself and he can't wait to have kids so that they can grow up in the backseat of theirs it's it's just it's part of our family i have a one thousand nine hundred sixty j. to a jeep slightly modified a bit and take it for long trips as long as trip i've ever been on so far today by today were about three thousand two hundred miles but the whole trip. everywhere we've gone we've encouraged people to sign the vehicle and we probably have fifty signatures and they're the only problem i've had is i lost a fan belt trying to catch up to everybody else after pull off doing some photos and videos and we ended up changing the fan belt fifty yards away from a bison that was on the side of the road so we didn't get any pictures but we have a fan belt changed in rec

eastern on c-span's q&a. >> retired u.s. army sergeant major gavin malco can him -- discusses the tomb of the unknown soldier, and also describes the changing of the guard ceremony and reflects on the meaning of the monument. the national world war i museum and memorial hosted the hour-long event. >> now, it is my pleasure to introduce sergeant major -- retirede 11th from the u.s. army after nearly 23 years of service, where he held key leadership positions, led peace and contingency operations, and earned several declarations. as i watched him walk through incredibly busy memorial day, you can just pick him out of a crowd

their driving legendary willie's jeeps the most famous u.s. army vehicle in world war two. but it takes passion and dedication to drive the whole distance in an old open topped car. i grew up in the back seat of my dad's willie's jeep my kids grew up in the back seat of this willie's jeep my oldest boy has a willie's jeep himself and he can't wait to have kids so that they can grow up in the backseat of theirs it's it's just it's part of our family i have a one thousand nine hundred sixty g. to a jeep slightly modified a bit and take it for long trips longest trip i've ever been on so far today by today we're about three thousand two hundred miles for the whole trip. everywhere we've gone we've encouraged people to sign the vehicle and we probably have fifty signatures in there the only problem. i have is a lost fan belt trying to catch up everybody else after all off doing some photos and videos and we end up changing the fan belt fifty yards away from a bison that was on it was over the road so we didn't get any pictures but we have fanned out changed in record time. biso

europe, -- u.s. army europe, in the name of the u.s. army. lieutenant general carsten jacobson, commander of the field army and deputy chief of the german army, in the name of the german army. >> we are pleased again to welcome representatives from 5th marine regiment and 6th marine regiment, the two u.s. marine regiments that fought in belleau wood. [ speaking french ] colonel andrew monroe, in the name of the fifth marine regiment. and colonel matthew reid in the name of the sixth marine regiment. >> mister edwin fountain, vice chair of the world war i centennial commission, in the name of the world war i centennial commission. mister steve arnold, manager and in the name of the commonwealth for greatness commission. [ speaking french ] [ speaking french ] [ speaking french ] [ speaking french ] [ speaking french ] major general russell a sanborn, commander u.s. forces, u.s. marines in africa. [ speaking french ] [ speaking french ] [ speaking french ] [ speaking french ] [ speaking french ] >> mister james gerard, president and in the name

they were part of the second u.s. division. it was an army division. during that period they lost almost 10 those wounded and killed, about 1800 of those marines were killed. >> edward lengel take us through how the battle of belleauwood and its significance. >> one marine brigged a is moved up to the marne river in 1918. it's commanded by general omar bundy and even the marine brigade is by general james harvard. jean marie degut and per shng and others say as soon as the second division gets here we need to throw it into the attack against this place called belleau wood. one thing to note here, the german offensive was already slowing down and it had practically stopped because the french fought so well in the region. the germans were not driving to capture paris. the germans slowed down. this was an opportunity for the americans and the marines and army to show what they could do. in june 6, 1918, the marine brigade with support from the army brigade is thrown into belleauwood and it's a disaster in many ways because harvard neglected to use the tac

so between 1815 and 1832 or 1833, the u.s. army didn't have any calvary. sometimes they would mount infantry soldiers on horses to conduct patrols but you can imagine those soldiers weren't very good horsemen, weren't very experienced and weren't about to go chasing the ponte or the comanche and catching them. the army had not had much ability to pursue indians west of the mississippi if the indians raided or the army just wanted to catch them to intimidate them or force them to sign a treaty or something. these dra goons, the first regiment in 1833 and the second in 1836 would prove crucial to effective power projection to new mexico and california during the war with new mexico. the second had spent a lot of time in florida most dismounted because it's often swampy there. the army needed troops in florida. other changes in the army during the jackson administration included more nutrition rations for the soldiers' food which significantly improved soldier health and reduced mortality. what we mean here is adding more vegetables, adding beans, adding la g

army in exchange for a loan for himself. but when i read the documents associated with this case, when i read the indictment, it doesn't look to me like this is actually what he's being charged with. this isn't being charged as a criminal manner either being related to paul manafort or the recipient of this, who is not charged with anything. >> and he is not on the witness list, so it doesn't look like they will be calling him. they will be calling three other employees of the federal savings bank. and, so, it seems to me that what might be going on here is that the defense could say, well, the bank was not defrauded. to prove bank fraud you have to show the bank was defrauded. if he went along with it, that's not bank fraud. that might be some other crime. but it might not be bank fraud if the bank is not deceived. it is likely these other witnesses are going to have to testify about how the bank was defrauded. and so, it may be rebutting a defense that the bank was in on this and therefore not defrauded and closing all of

the u.s. army signal corps photographers were right behind the front. in some cases they would film troops just as they were leaving the battlefront. there was a camera crew right outside the forest filming them as they walked out. not in combat for the most part. >> after this program, we will show a silent film from france that was recorded by the u.s. army in france in 1918. scholars will be talking over the film and explaining the action on the screen. for those of you on c-span three , stick around. in the meantime we are talking with edward lengel. >> i appreciate your program. mr. lengel, i appreciate your work . i grew up hearing stories from my great- grandfather about serving in the calvary. that is during world war i. i wanted to ask you if the stories that he told me were true, he had an old battle -- saddle that they rode horses on. they would ride behind the french kings and support the infantry. i wanted your comments? >> there was calvary behind the front. there was no american calvary attacks. they would not have succeeded. they were he

these would have been exceptional soldiers by the standards of the u.s. army at the time. i would argue that although people might get upset with me that for the vast majority of our infantry and u.s. infantry in the second world war, they were essentially villains in uniform. that they were nowhere where they needed to be. and we could look forward and see the battle of the bulge that would take place slightly less than six months later. and you'll see a different u.s. army because the army has been bloodied across the board. they're nowhere near as proficient as the enemy which it is facing. if we're looking at a group of rangers, they would not have been smoking on patrol. they would not have been mutin commander. there would have been back and forth, but you would have seen a greater level of proficiency and cohesion that would contrast with your rank and file units. you can think of the performance of the 29th infantry division, the performance of the 90th infantry division which is legendary for not doing very well that's coming in late in the day, farther up on utah

general montgomery the 21st army group the u.s. first army under general omar bradley. general omar bradley will be one of the five five star jaxes we produce. haze going to be commanding the british second army landing right along side the u.s. forces at normandy. this command structure is a hold over from the mediterranean commander and also the most operational assignment there. let's just think about this job for a minute. eisenhower, who else might have been in the running for that job? what do you think? you could make an argument for patton. he will be given an interesting assignment. he will be in charge of a fake hiring operation fortitude. operation fortitude is a planned invasion with no troops involved. it's a deception plan and patton is given that assignment. we create the illusion that we are going to attack with another army in the area that i just showed you. they put a fake army under patton so patton does have a role to play at this and operation fortitude is part of that. there's a guy named marshall and also allenbrooke, the british imperial staff.

these would have been exceptional soldiers by standards of the u.s. army at the time. i would argue, although people might get upset with me that for the vast majority of our infantry in the second world war, they were civilians in uniform. our level of training and cohesion by this stage were nowhere near where they needed to be. we can look forward and see the battle of the budge that can take place slightly less in six months later and you'll see a different u.s. army. that's been bloodied across the board. it's still nowhere near as proficient as the enemy which it is facing. if we're looking at a group of rangers, they would not have been splomoking on patrol. they would not have been borderline mutinist with their commander. it's coming in late on the day, a little farther up on utah. i think to be another point when we see "saving private ryan" we think of this as the american effort. in no way to take anything from it, we should recognize that u.s. participation in the landings on d day, we were the minority player. it was the british commonwealth that provided

army well there for the past seventeen years the festival has taken place wholly dedicated to the king euro max reporter hayley rawlinson traveled there and got all shook up by the activities. the rock n roller ushered in by over us proceed swiftly took the world by storm and still captivates fans today what's behind this everlasting fascination with the keep. growing up in cleveland ohio near the rock n roll hall of fame and i've heard elvis was the king of rock n roll since the time i was a kid but i didn't know he lived in germany and in fact i didn't know he lived in this tiny german town which now hosts the european elvis possible each year drawing fans from all over the world had to find out what it was all about. in one nine hundred fifty eight at the height of his musical career elvis presley was drafted into the u.s. army and stationed in freetown you're frankfurt west germany the nearby town of bad now high became his home for a year and a half it's an experience the town and his neighbors haven't forgotten see the descendants of those very neighbors invite the rest of the wo

army well there for the past seventeen years the festival has taken place wholly dedicated to the king they're all next reporter hayley rawlinson traveled there and got all shook up by the activities. the rock n roll era ushered in by over us presley swiftly took the world by storm and still captivates fans today what's behind this everlasting fascination with the keep. growing up in cleveland ohio near the rock n roll hall of fame and i've heard elvis was the king of rock n roll since the time i was a kid but i didn't know he lived in germany and in fact i didn't know he lived in this tiny german town which now hosts the european elvis possible each year drawing fans from all over the world i had to find out what it was all about. in one thousand nine hundred fifty eight at the height of his musical career elvis presley was drafted into the u.s. army and stationed in freetown you're frankfurt west germany the nearby town of bad now high became his home for a year and a half it's an experience the town and his neighbors haven't forgotten see the descendants of those very neighbors and

of the metal cadmium with the u.s. army sending a warning letter year after the job would stun back in twenty seventeen he was overseeing the cleaning of contaminated army equipment. a couple of minutes from head to foot i was covered in this white powdery substance a bit like talk a very fine variable are not laws we actually started cleaning these boxes were so any truly information. ily any knowledge of the danger of what we're actually doing with those boxes what. well in it's warning letter sent a year later the us army said that skin and eye contact to be avoided and also recommended wearing special protective gear while standing near the contaminated boxes one of the risks was that was that a cadmium covering the equipment could become airborne and then breathed in it is a substance that can cause cancer it can affect the nervous system tim can also cause kidney failure it keeps intel ation may even cause death on receiving the warning letter david patterson contacted the us army the a reaction was one of the th

army and stationed in freetown near frankfurt west germany the nearby town of bad now high and became his home for a year and a half it's an experience the town and his neighbors haven't forgotten seeing the descendants of those very neighbors and by the rest of the world to their home for the seventeenth european sebastopol lets see if they can keep the spirit of elvis and rock'n'roll while. the festival is full of the king spirit everywhere you turn there are nine hundred fifty s. cars fashion and music with plenty of dancing all inspired by the king of rock n roll. so why are people still loyal to elvis after all these years. pete rock n roll is great you can get dressed up and dance that's fun. all over oh rouche great man great singer great entertainer blows. through the looking from there you go she makes my day also but. what i really like is that his music is so important to the people here that's wonderful because it keeps him alive. most of the musicians are not elvis impersonators but they do count him as a major inspiration like the silver rockets from the netherlands. eli

army the a reaction was one of the they are treating it as though it was a just not in a. dangerous dust the day before the inspector arrived from the journalists or it is they ripped out every case of the fifty cases then what they did they actually got all these fifty cases and then the policeman one era opened the sun the wind the rain and it was only three meters from a drainage system meantime unions in germany have reportedly already raised the alarm over the working conditions at the u.s. military base urging orthe origins to take action for the army says the equipment was simply mishandled in june some equipment was cleaned incorrectly this was done by eight employees in one department we get the boxes civilians we work on the boxes we clean the quitman. i'm league at the believe that we are responsible for everything why the box is not locked dangerous i've been there no or was there working for the same company sixteen months until i almost and asked until i demanded that we have some type of action on these boxes i was sacked from the m. and e. global resources

i'm retired u.s. army. i spent five years of my career in germany during the cold war and you read the official history and such by the officers but then i started coming across narratives by common soldiers. i met a lot of germans, both of that generation and also current generation. and i'm wondering, what was it like for the common soldier? i started researching that. that side is never told outside of europe. and i tried to give insight a little into what the -- what was their life like? >> if you could summarize it, what was life like for the common soldier? >> the common soldier, its unit name, having been enlisted myself is a universal thing. you go where you're told, do what you're told to do and hope you live and try to keep your buddies alive. your comrades alive. >> anything to add to that, what life was like for the common soldier? >> pretty miserable. that's much all it is. any war can be miserable. if you're stuck in the trenches, the mud, the muck, rats, your comrades are dying, i mean, it's

we visited the u.s. army heritage and education center in carlisle to talk to reenactors. here is a review. >> hey there. my name is michael. the here to talk about what soldiers in world war i thought, kerry, that sort of thing. we have a 1910 haverstock during this is what we would call a net set or backpack today some of the is what all of the soldiers would have carried, everything at leastd have needed, according to the united states government. we have a news van couch, where kit,ould keep your you're eating utensils of a photograph that you would want access to quickly, and attorney, that, you- underneath would have a tool, for most a shovel. you did not have the combination tools that you were familiar with later on, but during world war i, you one man andt least carry one of these and loosen it so it would be easy to shovel out of the way at the time. when you are issued your rations, not unlike during the war,can civil or, based -- they still issued hard drive, heart bread biscuits. 6:00tch the entire program p.m. on our weekly series called "american artifacts,"

. ♪ >> 2018 is the centennial year of u.s. participation in world war i and american history tv is marking the anniversary with a variety of programs. previously on american artifacts, we visited the u.s. army and heritage center's history event in carlisle, pennsylvania, to talk to reenactors who portrayed soldiers. up next, we return to the army heritage days event to learn what life was like for the two million doe bugh boys. >> i'm here to talk what about the average soldier from the american expedition nair force in world war i thought, felt, carried. what we have here to start with, this is the 1910 haversack. this is what we would call a knapsack or backpack today, but this was the -- what all of the soldiers would have carried, everything they would have needed, at least according to the united states government's view. in the back here you have -- then to open the pack, you would unattach a buckle beneath the front flap. and then you would open three more buckles in the back and the bag opens flat. what you do from th

u.s. marines, french army, german army, standing side-by-side. once foes, we have all embraced our common values of democracy, rule of law, and freedom, so we stand not just together today to commemorate a battle that took place 100 years ago, but we stand as allies where tomorrow when conflicts against common enemies, those who would reject all that we hold sacred and are willing to die for. to the u.s. forces here today, marines, army, navy, air force, when you go back to your unit, tell your peers, your friends, your commanders, your ncos, what you leonaarned about this battl. tell them about the discipline, the spirit, the skill, the fitness of those who fought here and the undying spirit to never been defeated, because that's what it takes to be victorious on any battlefield. and use that knowledge to prepare yourself for the next fight. when we choose to serve, for whoever nation we serve, we sign a blank check to that country. the gravestones here are markers of those who paid that price in full. they did their duty. and they expect us to

previously we visited the u.s. army heritage centers living history event. we spoke with reenactors that portrayed french and german soldiers. up next, we return to the days of carlisle to learn what life was like for the over 2 million american doughboys. this is about 30 minutes. >>> my name is michael mccloskey. i'm here to talk to you about what the average soldier in world war i, thought out and carried. what we have here to start with, this is the 1910 haversack. this is what we would call her back today. -- a backpack today. this is what all the soldiers carried what they needed in. in the back there is a meat pouch where you would keep your mess kit. your eating utensils and perhaps a photograph. underneath that you would have an entrenching tool. for most people it would be a shovel. this is what they would call a thick magic -- pick mastic. during world war i, he would have at least one man and every platoon carry one of these. then, to open the pack you would detach a buckle. then he would open three more in the back and the bag opens flat. then y

army well there for the past seventeen years the festival has taken place wholly dedicated to the king your own max reporter hayley rawlinson traveled there and got all shook up by the activities. the rock n roller ushered in by elvis presley and swiftly took the world by storm and still captivates chance today what's behind this everlasting fascination with the keep. growing up in cleveland ohio near the rock n roll hall of fame and i've heard elvis was the king of rock n roll since the time i was a kid but i didn't know he lived in germany and in fact i didn't know he lived in this tiny german town which now hosts the european elvis possible each year drawing fans from all over the world i had to find out what it was all about. in one thousand nine hundred fifty eight at the height of his musical career elvis presley was drafted into the u.s. army and stationed in freetown near frankfurt west germany the nearby town of bad now high became his home for a year and a half it's an experience the town and his neighbors haven't forgotten see the descendants of those very neighbors and by t

army well there for the past seventeen years the festival has taken place wholly dedicated to the king euro max reporter hayley rawlinson traveled there and got all shook up by the activities. the rock n roller ushered in by over us presley swiftly took the world by storm and still captivate fans today what's behind this everlasting fascination with the keep. growing up in cleveland ohio near the rock n roll hall of fame and i've heard elvis was the king of rock n roll since the time i was a kid but i didn't know he lived in germany and in fact i didn't know he lived in this tiny german town which now hosts the european elvis possible each year drawing fans from all over the world i had to find out what it was all about. in one thousand nine hundred fifty eight at the height of his musical career elvis presley was drafted into the u.s. army and stationed in freetown you're frankfurt west germany the nearby town of bad now high became his home for a year and a half it's an experience the town and his neighbors haven't forgotten see the descendants of those very neighbors and by the rest