. >> in the beginning, god created heaven and earth. the earth was without form. and darkness was upon the face of the deep. the spirit of god moved upon the face of the waters and god said let there be light. light. god saw the light. and the light divided the darkness. >> the darkness he called light. the evening and the morning in the first day. god said let there be a firmament. it was so. god called upon heaven, the evening and the morning of the second day. >> god said let the waters under the heavens together together under one place. and let the dry land appear. it was so. god called the dry land earth. god saw that it was good. from the crew of apollo 8, we close with a good night, good luck, merry christmas and god bless all of you, all of you on the good earth. walter: those words of genesis were scratched on tablets many years ago after men crawled out of its caves and begin the ages long process of exploring its universe and himself. today, a great new chapter has been added to the story of creation and growth. man literally has wrenched himself away

. >> in the beginning, god created heaven and earth. the earth was without form. and darkness was upon the face of the deep. the spirit of god moved upon the face of the waters and god said let there be light. and there was light. god saw the light. and the light divided the darkness. >> the darkness he called light. the evening and the morning in the first day. god said let there be a firmament. it was so. god called upon heaven, the -- called the firmament heaven, and the evening and the morning of the second day. >> god said let the waters under the heavens be gathered together under one place. and let the dry land appear. it was so. god called the dry land earth. and the gathering of the waters he called seas. and god saw that it was good. from the crew of apollo 8, we with good night, good luck, merry christmas and god bless all of you, all of you on the good earth. walter: those words of genesis were scratched on tablets many years ago after men crawled out of his caves and began the ages long process of exploring its universe and himself. today, a great new

it makes you realize what you have on earth. the earth is a grand oasis. >> bill, what do you think? >> the lunar sunrise and sunset. the horizon is very stark. the sky is pitch black. the best way to describe it is a vastness of black and white. no color. ♪ [vocalizing] >> we are now approaching lunar sunrise. for all the people back on earth, the crew of apollo 8 has a message we would like to send to you. ♪ in the beginning, god created the heaven and the earth. and the earth was without form and void and darkness was upon the face of the deep. and the spirit of god moved upon the face of the waters and god said, "let there be light." and there was light. and god saw the light, that it was good, and god divided the light from the darkness. >> god called the white day in the darkness he called night. in the morning was the first day. god said "let us divide the waters." god made the firmament and divided the waters which were under the firmament, the waters which were above the firmament. and it was so. and god called the

we showed you the moon and the earth. and we thought we'd invite you into what's been our home for days. we mark off each day on the instrument panel. we're working on the fifth day. we're all looking forward to the landing on friday. down here is the part of the spacecraft that we call the lower equipment bay. we have the president's advisor on physical fitness, jim lovel. about to under go an exercise program that we do everyday. you notice he floats around very freely. he just bumped his head on the optics of our navigating. . >> what do you have today for dinner? >> well, here we have some cocoa. that will be good. i'll be adding five ounces of hot water to that. these are little sugar cookies. some orange juice. corn chowder. chicken and gravy. and a little napkin to wipe your hands when you're done. i'll prepare some orange juice. i hope you have better christmas dinners today. >> we'll bring you up to speed on food when we get back. >> this area is the led. the lower equipment bay. we have our optics positioning eq

it makes you realize what you have on earth. the earth is a grand oasis. >> pill, what do you think? >> the lunar sunrise and sunset. it is very stark. the sky is pitch black. ae best way to describe it is vastness of black and white. no color. ♪ [vocalizing] >> we are now approaching lunar sunrise. for all the people back on earth, the crew of apollo 8 has a message we would like to send to you. ♪ createdeginning, god the heaven and the earth. and the earth was without form and void and darkness was upon the face of the deep. and the spirit of god moved upon the face of the waters and god said let there be light. and there was light. and god saw the light, that it was good, and god divided the light from the darkness. white day in the the darkness he called night. in the morning was the first day. divide thet us waters. god made the firmament and divided the waters which were under the firmament, the waters which were above the firmament. and it was so. and god called the firmament heaven. that was the second day. the water

all of you on the good earth. [dramatic music] narrator: isaac asimov is a professor of biochemistry and a prolific writer of science fiction. for many years he was thinking in terms of an earth to moon trip. he has a special point of view. isaac asimov: the feat of apollo 8 has a special interest to myself because it places me in the unaccustomed position of being over conservative. in 1939, i wrote a story describing in essence this flight. i placed it in 1973. if someone asked me then, do you suppose people will fly around the moon and back by 1973, i would have answered, not really, but it makes a good story. they did it in 1968. i am more happy than i can say. narrator: isaac asimov stands with one foot in the world of science and one in fantasy to take a fictional look at the future. and underestimates. the practical world now includes outer space. a comment from the returning space capsule during a tv transmission starts us off in another direction. >> looking at yourselves as seen from 180,000 miles in out

but if it led to the discharge it didn't come from earth. in nine hundred twelve austrian physicist victor ahead carried out a daring experiment. what he did was to put a lot of scope in a balloon that i mean it was quite a feat because he went back to something like five thousand meters. to five thousand meters at that time sitting in the little basket probably a little bit frightening but that of science is a little bit like that and. very. always a short but the very nature of. his observations surprised everyone. behaves he world community the stronger to point. whatever it was causing that it got stronger he went more far away from from the ground. the radiation evidently did not come from earth so scientists would have to look some with further afield for the source. that eventually led to the study of cosmic rays. nearly one hundred years later that were continues here at the p.l.o. oshea observatory. astrophysicist pablum oklahoma tells us what makes the facilities so special. if you want to know what is out there in the skies to sta

when looking down to earth i feel that i have to apologize. it looks like my generation is not going to leave the planet in the best shape. i wish i could look into the future with your eyes and look into your world and understand how you see it. is it that in the fortunately i can do that all i can do is try to play my part in giving you a future and the best possible version of it. back on earth the next on the guest is ready to spend christmas with his family yes. that's right he was smiling today when he returned to earth just in time for christmas and by the way gets to set a new record for a german astronaut a career total of three hundred sixty three days in space with me is the man whose record just broke thomas reiter coordinator of the european space agency and a former astronaut himself good evening to you mr ryder we didn't mean to introduce you that way as a man whose record had just been broken but i'm sure you're happy to have that record broken by mr garrett tell me where you were holding your breath today until the touchdown w

whatever led to the discharge it didn't come from earth. in nine hundred twelve austrian physicist victor hess carried out a daring experiment. but what it did was to put a lot of scope in a balloon where i mean it was quite a feat because he went back to something like five thousand meters. the first thousand meters a bit far. sitting in the little basket them and probably a little bit frightening but science is a little bit like that i mean. there is always a short at the very nature associated with. his observations surprised everyone. ok how you see what the movie the show you weren't sure you meant that whatever effects was causing that you got human stronger he went more far away from. the radiation evidently did not come from earth scientists would have to look some way further afield for the source. that eventually led to the study of cosmic rays. nearly one hundred years later that were continues here at the p.f. observatory. you. mr physicist pavane muckluck tells us what makes the facilities so special. if you want to know what i

and makes you realize what you have back on earth. -- earth from here what do you think? >> i think the thing that impressed me the most was the lunar sunrises and sunsets. these in particular bring out the stark nature of the terrain and the long shadows bring up the release here, really hard to see on this surface. walter: the flight of apollo 8 was a spectacular success even before the crew began the risky like back to earth. saidiet space scientist this event goes beyond the limits of national achievement and marks the stage in the development of the culture of earth man. the flight was also a great national achievement and this was noted by three of the western world's leading scientists. our correspondence interviewed several. first, lovell. termstruly scientific for of astronomy, how do you view apollo 8? a lot of new information from you coming out of this? >> i doubt there will be a tremendous amount. it was never intended to be an enterprise. the significance of the flight is an immensely important stepping stone to the apollo program which we hope will now end

for many years he's been thinking in terms of an earth to moon to earth trip. he has a special point of view. >> the feat of apollo 8 is of interest to noomyself because i places any the position of being overconservati overconservative. in 1939, i wrote a story describing in essence this plight. i placed it in 1973. i suppose if someone had asked me then, do you really suppose people will fly around the moon and back to earth by 1973? i would have answered, not really, but it makes a good story. well, they did it in 1968 and i am more happy than i can say. >> isaac asimov stands with one foot in the world of science and one foot in fantasy to take a fictional look at the future. and underestimates with both feet in the practical world and now includes outer space, a comment from the returning space capsule during a tv transmission starts us off in another direction. >> we have you about 180,000. >> all right. looking at yourselves, seen from 180,000 miles out in space. >> mike, what i keep imagining is if i'm some lowly traveler from another planet, who do i t

but if it led to the discharge it didn't come from earth. in nine hundred twelve austrian physicist victor ahead carried out a daring experiment. what it did was to put a lot of scope in a balloon that i mean it was quite hard to fit because he went back to something like five thousand meters. to five thousand meters of time sitting in the middle of basket them and probably a little bit frightening bit of science is a bit like that i mean. there is always a sort of. but the very nature of. his observations surprised everyone. and the hell you see were in the movie the show you weren't sure if it meant that whatever the effect was causing that it got stronger as you went more far away from from the ground. the radiation evidently did not come from earth so scientists would have to look somewhere further afield for the source. that eventually led to the study of cosmic rays. nearly one hundred years later that with continues here at the pm observe the train. eat eat eat eat eat eat. eat eat. is to physicists problem oclock tells us what makes

all of you on the good earth. narrator: isaac asimov is a professor of biochemistry and a prolific writer of science fiction and a professor of chemistry. he was thinking in terms of an earth to moon trip. as has a special point of view. the feet of apollo 8 has a secured interest to myself because it places me in the unaccustomed position of being over conservative. in 1939, i wrote a story describing in essence this flight. i placed it in 1973. if someone asked me then, do you suppose people will fly around the moon and back by 1973, i would have answered, not really, but it makes a good story. they did it in 1968. i am more happy than i can say. narrator: isaac asimov stands with one foot in the world of science and one in fantasy to take a fictional look at the future. the practical world now includes outer space. a comment from the returning space capsule during a tv transmission starts us off in another direction. >> looking from 180,000 miles in outer space. >> i keep imagining i am a traveler from another

>> 240,000 miles from earth. until apollo 8 went to the altitude record was 853 miles so think about the leap and orders of magnitude that apollo 8 represented . >> all the astronauts are still alive and what do they bring to the mission?>> frank bowman was 40 years old and had flown on one mission before on gemini 7. jim lavelle-- jim lovell was also 40 years old. just 11 days difference and they were joined by a third crew member bill anders making his first flight aboard apollo 8. they were a wonderful mixture of personalities . borman joined odessa for a single purpose. he was not interested in space exploration or picking up rocks . he joined nasa for one reason and that was to defeat the soviet union on the most important battlefield anywhere, space. jim lovell it seemed his polar opposite. since high school he had been in love with the idea of rockets in space travel. he was very romantic about the idea of flying into space and pushing into the cosmos to places that no one had ever been. anders seemed a be

when looking down to earth i feel that i have to apologize. it looks like my generation is not going to leave the planet in the best condition. back on earth guess just ready to celebrate christmas with his family and remains determined to fight for the future of humankind. so dake it's interesting that a man who has all bits of the world around three thousand times in through the most incredible technology had something rather melancholic to say after history really was a very somber message that he signs to his unborn grandchildren. i've talked to several astronauts over the years and all of them kind of convey the same message one of the one of the most important aspects of that message is that the the earth is a very fragile place and the echoes here that we on this planet that we call home is is fragile it has a fragile it from space that you can imagine when you're down on the surface and they're flying over there flying over landscapes there's seeing the wild fires caused by drought in california they're seeing the deforestation in the

all of you on the good earth. burgess meredith: isaac asimov is a prolific writer of science fiction and a professor of chemistry. he was thinking in terms of an earth to move. as has a special point of view. the feet of apollo 8 has a secured interest to myself because it places me in the unaccustomed position of being over conservative. in 1939, i wrote a story describing in essence this flight. in 1973.it youomeone asked me then, do suppose people will fly around the moon and back by 1973, i would have answered, not really, but it makes a good story. they did it in 1968. i am more happy than i can say. burgess meredith: isaac asimov stands with one foot in the world of science and one in fantasy to take it that -- a fictional look at the future. the practical world now includes outer space. a comment from the returning space capsule during a tv transmission starts us off in another direction. >> [indiscernible] looking from 180,000 miles in outer space. i am aep imagining traveler from another planet when i thi

when looking down to earth i feel that i have to apologize. it looks like my generation is not going to leave the planet in the best condition. back on earth guess just ready to celebrate christmas with his family and remains determined to fight for the future of humankind. so dedicated till he gets rotated wouldn't create cows and times around the earth he would talk to them not so long back and he seems to have a message doesn't he when he really does i interviewed him for our science fair tomorrow today and the message actually i talk to several astronauts and a lot of them convey the same couple of messages the first one that they convey is is that the earth is actually borderless from space all of these all of these ideas they say when they come back of of societies and and the idea that we draw these lines that none of that exists from space and this idea of one world in the second idea that they all conveying which alex and i guess also repeated over and over again was the idea that it's the fragility of the earth when you could really

all of you on the good earth. burgess meredith: isaac asimov is a prolific writer of science fiction and a professor of chemistry. he was thinking in terms of an earth to move. as has a special point of view. the feet of apollo 8 has a secured interest to myself because it places me in the unaccustomed position of being over conservative. in 1939, i wrote a story describing in essence this light. i placed it in 1973. if someone asked me then, do you suppose people will fly around the moon and back by 1973, i would have answered, not really, but it makes a good story. they did it in 1968. i am more happy than i can say. burgess meredith: isaac asimov stands with one foot in the world of science and one in fantasy to take it that -- a fictional look at the future. the practical world now includes outer space. a comment from the returning space capsule during a tv transmission starts us off in another direction. >> with with we have you about 180,000. >> all right. >> looking from 180,000 miles in outer space. >> i k

it's the earth coming up. wow, that's pretty. >> and the earth came up over the lunar horizon, that's what it really impressed me as to how much more delicate the earth was and colorful. >> reporter: it was christmas eve, 1968. soon there was another task at hand, a broadcast from space. on earth, an audience of about a billion people. commander frank borman decided the crew would do a reading. >> do you remember the part you read? >> i read the first part. >> do you mind reading it for me? >> i don't mind. in the beginning, god created the heaven and the earth. the earth was without form and void. and darkness was upon the face of the deep. and the spirit of god moved upon the face of the waters, and god said, let there be light. >> reporter: apollo 8 splashed down in the pacific on december 26th. the photo that would become known as "earth rise" was soon seen around the world. nothing less than an image for the ages. harry smith, nbc news, new york. >> 50 years ago. >>> we're adio host inspiring america with

if you realize how small earth is in the universe and say, "first solve the earth problems, then we'll take in the rest of the universe," that is like saying, "i never want to leave the cave because i have cave problems that need solving." that is a shortness of vision and foresight that can be the unraveling of civilization itself. >> i mean, the argument you make really wrests on the knowledge of science that the public holds. is there a war on science? >> there is -- i don't want to say there's a war on science. i'm gonna say there are people who think that if science disagrees with their personal philosophy, be it religious, cultural, and political philosophy, then they sort of choose to think it's not real or is not true. i've said before the good thing about science, the objective truths of science, is that they are true whether or not you believe in them. >> so a major hurricane has struck the east coast of the united states. and this is not the first major hurricane that we've seen. what does the public need to understand about extreme weather conditions and climate change? >>

in the beginning, god created the heaven and the earth. and the earth was a mass form and void. and darkness was upon the face of the deep. and the spirit of god moved upon the face of the waters, and god said, let there be light. and there was light. and god saw the light. it was good. god divided the light from the darkness. >> and god called the light day. and the darkness, he called night. and the evening and the morning was the first day. and god said let there be a -- in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters. and god made the -- and divided the waters which were under the -- with the waters which were above the -- and it was so. and god called -- and the evening and the morning was the second day. >> and god said let the waters under the heaven be gathered together into one place and let the dry land appear. and it was so. and god called the dry land earth. and the gathering together of the waters called seas. and god saw that it was good. and from the crew of apollo 8, we close with good night, good luck, a merry christmas, and god bless al

planet earth from to the moon. how long did it take? the moon is about 240,000 miles from earth. wasworld altitude record 300 -- think about the leap. miles to of a million get to the moon. >> frank was the commander. he was 40 years old. who were they, and what do they mean to the mission? guest: frank borman was the commander, and he flew on one who were they, and what do they mission before, gemini 7. jim lovell also flew with frank borman on gemini 7. he was also 48 years old, 11 days different in age between the men. they were joined by a third crew member, bill anders. borman was not interested in picking up rocks on the moon. he joined for one reason, to defeat the soviet union on the most important title field everywhere, space. jim lovell was the opposite. he loves rockets since high school. he was very romantic about the notion, even as a kid, of pushing into the cosmos and places people never been. anders was a beautiful combination of the two. he believed in defeating the soviet union and space, but he was also dreaming of being on the moon one day. so the crew came t

that when i look back down to earth sadly i feel that i have to apologize. well meant currently it looks like my generation is not going to leave the planet in the best shape fandor this. back on earth guest says he wants to continue raising public awareness about the uniqueness of our planet. but first he's planning some down time starting with two days off for christmas with his family. to spain now where it wouldn't be christmas time without the lottery known as el gordo all the fat one it lives up to its name they will take us lottery of this year handed out prize money totalling almost two point four billion jirus the top ticket holder took home four hundred thousand it's a tradition dating back more than two hundred is that was the take shoot sure i was just to get inside hoping to win more than just a seat in the theatre. the rest of spain had to watch on television as el gordo got underway. some thought costumes might fasten their chances. people i'm the lucky think i'm going to win all the prices in el gordo obviously. the lucky frog might disagree

when looking down to earth i feel that i have to apologize. it will make it look like my generation is not going to leave the planet in the best shape. i wish i could look into the future with your eyes. look into your world and understand how you see it. we begin the day with u.s. president drums announcement that u.s. troops are leaving syria the decision yesterday called almost everyone off guard from berlin to london to inside the pentagon and the white house the president's national security advisor john bolton was reportedly livid washington and its allies blindsided by trump yes but you would have to be blind not to see the immediate consequences a geo political reshuffling is taking place as we speak russia iran the syrian government and turkey are ready to fill any vacuum created by the u.s. exit israel reportedly feels abandoned by washington and without the cover of their u.s. allies the kurds in syria the fierce fighters who helped defeat isis are now sitting ducks if turkey decides to attack trumps snap decision has produced clear

when looking down to earth i feel that i have to apologize. it looks like my generation is not going to leave the planet in the best condition. back on earth guess just ready to celebrate christmas with his family and remains determined to fight for the future of humankind. so derek it's interesting that a man who has orbits of the world around three thousand times in through the most incredible technology had something rather melancholic to say after history really was a very somber message that he signs to his unborn grandchildren. i've talked to several astronauts over the years and all of them kind of convey the same message one of and one of the most important aspects of that message is that me the earth is a very fragile place and the echo spirit that we are on this planet that we call home is is fragile it has a fragile it from space that you can imagine when you're down on the surface and they're flying over they're flying over landscapes there's seeing the wild fires caused by drought in california they're seeing the deforestation in

and god called the dry land earth. and the gathering together of the waters called seas, and god saw that it was good. and from the crew of apollo 8, we close with good night, good luck, a merry christmas, and god bless all of you. all of you on the good earth. >> and now the most critical moment of the journey had arrived, when the team would attempt to restart their engines and rocket back to earth. >> houston, apollo 8, over. >> hello, apollo 8, loud and clear. >> roger. please inform there is a santa claus. >> you are the best ones to know. >> the triumphant shouts from mission control in houston on christmas day could only mean one thing, the engines were started again and apollo 8 was on its way home. a flawless, supremely successful flight, with splashdown coming in the predawn hours of friday morning, december 27th, not far from the uss yorktown, 1,000 miles southwest of honolulu. a courageous event, said the russians. the vatican called it daring, incredible. britain's astronomers bernard level, who questioned

createdeginning, god heaven and the earth. and the earth was without form and void and darkness. the spirit of god moved upon the base of the water and god said let there be light and there was light. and god saw the light, that it was good and divided the light from the darkness. >> then god -- and the darkness he pulled from light and the evening and morning of the first day and god said let there be a ferment in the midst of the waters and let it divide the waters from the waters. god made the firmament and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament and it was so. heavenled the firmament and the evening and the morning of the second day. >> and god said let the waters begot on earth and that the dry land appear and it was so. and god called the dry land and with the waters becoming together, he called them the sea and god saw that it was good. , we the crew on apollo 8 close with good night, good luck, merry host: that is from 50 years ago obert kurson what is the message 50 years later? the lesson nk learned is that if peo

when looking down to earth i feel that i have to apologize. it looks like my generation is not going to leave the planet in the best shape. i wish i could look into the future with your eyes. look into your world and understand how you see it. we begin the day with u.s. president wrongs announcement that u.s. troops are leaving syria the decision yesterday called almost everyone off guard from berlin to london to in so. by the pentagon and the white house the president's national security advisor john bolton was reportedly livid washington and its allies blindsided by trump yes but you would have to be blind not to see the immediate consequences a geo political reshuffling is taking place as we speak russia iran the syrian government and turkey are ready to fill any vacuum created by the u.s. exit israel reportedly feels abandoned by washington and without the cover of their u.s. allies the kurds in syria the fierce fighters who helped defeat isis are now sitting ducks if turkey decides to attack trumps snap decision has produced clear winners

and here we are 200,000 miles from earth and 90 hours from earth. >> 240,000 miles from earth. mr. lovell: yeah. [laughs] mr. lovell: yeah. >> and did you, i know what your answer is, but i have to ask it anyway, did you think at any time that you were going to be a perpetual monument to the space program, the three of you floating around out there forever? mr. lovell: the thought crossed our mind that we were in deep trouble. but we never dwelled on it. we never gave up and said what's going to happen if we don't get back? where are we going to be? my thoughts were this. if everything failed, and we still had life support in the lunar module and couldn't get we couldn't get back to earth, the heat shield was damage or we just went past the orbit, because the orbit we were on would take us past the earth, i said that we'll send back information, we'll keep on operating, as long as we can, and then that's the end of the deal. so that was what i had planned to do, in my mind, should, you know, should something happen. people often ask -- this poison pill, you know, is ridiculous. >>

capsule they tarried him and his crew back to earth. feels like coming home although i am in kazakhstan in a place i haven't been to before but it still feels like i'm coming home. you know although. his fellow astronauts russian. and american serina and chancellor both seem exhausted but are said to be doing well. the catchcry was docked into the international space station the i assess which has been home to the astronauts for the past six and a half months the crew performed dozens of scientific experiments on board alex and i guess later became the first german to take over command of the s.s. . not always an easy task the replacement teams failed launch meant that many experiments could be carried out and gassed had to extend his mission russian astronauts also had to carry out a grueling repair on a mysterious hole in the sole use capsule the craft that would ultimately bring them safely back to earth. during his mission alex and i guess stayed in touch with people on earth through social media he used his unique perspective from

earth's climate. if you look at our website, you will see a great analysis and graph done by bloomberg that will show you interactively, sun spots, how much would be explained by that. you can see for yourself as they plot it out whether it correlates with the temperature and the answer is it does not in the current situation. the thing that correlates as you'll see in the bloomberg graph is co2 levels. that is the correlation. it is rather tight. change wereods of caused by some of those things that of been mentioned, by people that are skeptical, but it pretty clearly is us doing this right now. host: a republican in lincoln hills, illinois. scott, if you could make it quick? caller: i do not see co2 is being the issue. co2 is heavier than air. it has a 44.1% milligram and that pulls it to earth. how is it in the atmosphere? it doesn't make sense. host: let's take the point. guest: interesting. it is clearly in the atmosphere. i would suggest you go to skepticalscience.com. it is interesting. people

how far away from earth? you about 180,000. you're looking from 180,000 miles out in space. >> houston, this is apollo eight. we are going to get on with preparations. good for go. perfectly, executed putting apollo eight into the proper six-year lurk -- circular orbit. the astronauts described their thoughts on what lay below them. >> different things to each one of us. i think each one is carrying his own impression of what he's seen today. i know my own impression is that it's a vast, lonely, forbidding existence, or experience of nothing. it looks like clouds and clouds of stone, and it certainly would not appear to be a very inviting place to live or work. jim, what have you thought most about? >> frank, my thoughts were very similar. the vast whiteness of the moon is awe-inspiring. it makes you realize just what you have back there on earth. >> you can watch oral history interviews with apollo eight astronauts, author discussions, and archival films from our real america series. starting at 10:30 a.m. eastern monday and a

createdeginning, god heaven and the earth. and the earth was without form and void and darkness. the spirit of god moved upon the base of the water and god said let there be light and there was light. and god saw the light, that it was good and divided the light from the darkness. >> then god -- and the darkness he pulled from light and the evening and morning of the first day and god said let there be a ferment in the midst of the waters and let it divide the waters from the waters. god made the firmament and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament and it was so. heavenled the firmament and the evening and the morning of the second day. >> and god said let the waters begot on earth and that the dry land appear and it was so. and god called the dry land and with the waters becoming together, he called them the sea and god saw that it was good. , we the crew on apollo 8 close with good night, good luck, merry host: that is from 50 years ago robert kurson what is the just s benefit the whole world. rocket men, k is darek odys

it's the earth coming up. wow, that's pretty. >> and the earth came up ver the lunar horizon, that's what it really impressed me as to how much more delicate the earth was and colorful. >> reporte it was christmas eve, 1968. soon there was anoth task at hand, a broadcast from space. on earth, an audience of about a billion people. commander frank borman decided thew would do a reading. >> do you remember the part you read? read the first part. >> do you mind reading it for me? >> i don't mind. in the beginning, god created the heaven the earth. the earth waa vast form and void. and darkness was upon the space of the dp. and the spirit of god moved upon the face of the waters, and god said, let there be light. >> reporter: apollo 8 shed down in the pacific on december 26th. the photo that would become known as "earth rise" was soon seen around the world. nothing less thaan image for the ages. harry smith, nbc news, new york. >> 50 years ago. >>> we're back in a moment with a story of an 11-year-old radio host i

that when i look back down to earth sadly i feel that i have to apologize. currently it looks like my generation is not going to leave the planet in the best shape. back on earth just says he wants to continue raising public awareness about the uniqueness of our planet. but first he's planning some down time starting with two days off for christmas with his family. and. in spain it wouldn't be christmas time without the lottery known as el gordo all the fat won it lives up to its name the wilds biggest lottery of this yet handed out prize money talking almost two point four billion years the top ticket holder took home almost four hundred thousand years it's a tradition dating back well that two hundred is that was the date shared sure i was just to get inside hoping to win more than just a seat in the theatre. the rest of spain had to watch on television as el gordo got underway. some thought costumes might fasten their chances. because i'm the lucky thing i'm going to win all the prizes in el gordo obviously for the sake of. the lucky frog might disagree b

that when i look back down to earth sadly i feel that i have to apologize. immense currently it looks like my generation is not going to leave the planet in the best shape. back on earth just says he wants to continue raising public awareness about the uniqueness of our planet. but first he's planning some down time starting with two days off for christmas with his family. in stain it wouldn't be christmas time without the lottery known as el gordo all the fat it lives up to its name the world's biggest lottery this yeah handed out prize money totalling almost two point four billion euro as a topical holder took a four hundred thousand it's a tradition dating back more than two hundred yes that was a shoot sure i was just to get inside hoping to win more than just a seat in the theatre. the rest of spain had to watch on television as el gordo got underway. some thought costumes might fashion their chances. feel i'm the lucky guy i'm going to win on the prices in el gordo obviously. the lucky frog might disagree but what to do with a share of that two point f

you're using the word us, i think us on earth... no, i appreciate that but, in an ironic sense, you're saying it's the us on earth who will be the catalyst for the them, who you say might colonise other stars, other corners of our universe. none of that can happen without us. well, it can happen without any political decision supported by us. sure, and that's what i'm interested in. but i think going back to the astronomical timescales, we've got as much time for evolution in the future as we've had up till now. moreover, darwinian evolution takes about a million years to evolve a new species, whereas technical innovation takes only a century. so this future evolution is going to be far faster and far less predictable but, of course, i certainly don't think we can imagine that we humans are in any sense the culmination but we should, i think, regard our species, be sort of chauvinistic about our species and not want it to change too much. we've talked in this interview about technologies and we've also talked about ethics and values

and god called the dry land earth. and the gathering together of seasaters, he called these , and god said that it was good. and from the crew of apollo eight, good night, good luck, merry christmas, and god bless all of you, all of you on this good earth. now, the most critical moment had arrived, when the team would attempt to restart their engines and rocket back to earth. >> all clear. >> please be informed there is a santa claus. it could only mean one thing. the engines were started again and apollo eight was on its way home. a flawless, supremely successful flight with splashdown coming in the dawn hours of september 27 1000 miles southwest of honolulu. event, said the russians. the vatican called it daring, incredible. a british astronomer who had questioned its scientific value now called it one of the historic moments in the development of the human race. from paris, a supreme compliment. and from washington, president johnson conveyed to the astronauts the exultant feelings of americans. >> we want to welcom

when i look back down to earth sadly i feel that i have to apologize. currently it looks like my generation is not going to leave the planet in the best shape for this. back on earth just says he wants to continue raising public awareness about the uniqueness of our planet. but first he's planning some down time starting with two days off for christmas with his family. with the ok to stay now where it wouldn't be christmas time without the lottery known as el gordo all the fat one it lives up to its name the world's biggest lottery this year handed out prize money almost two point four billion juries the top ticket holder took home four hundred thousand years it's a tradition dating back more than two hundred years. it was take shoot for i was just to get inside hoping to win more than just a seat in the theater. the rest of spain had to watch on television as el gordo got underway. some thought costumes might fasten their chances. people i'm the lucky think i'm going to win all the prices in el gordo obviously. the lucky frog might disagree but what to

we have a team at honor the earth. we figured out the carbon equivalent of what they're carrying, if you had to take that out of the environment -- which is what we basically have to do -- the turning rate is $1000 a metric ton. the amount of carbon that enbridge is caring an, just the carbon itself is worth $170 billion in expenses annually. if total do, kind of you're doing math, the combined impact of such a badly planned project $266 billion annually. we have issued an invoice from the creator, honor the earth acting on behalf of the creator, to the enbridge corporation saying they should pay this amount. we would prefer to have an early on because according to moody's, they were downgraded to just above junk bond status in december. with the experience that americans and native people have of multinational corporations en likeron going bankrupt, we ththk would be live -- wise to collect the money in advance. amy: you have line three carbon metric ton, the boreal forest. >> there's a price to destroying boreal fore

there was nothing we could do about that and we are aiming for the earth and coming to the earth and we knew we were going to burn up. and then of course we go all the way and the ground at that point and we had the parachutes because of the pyrotechnics putting out those that we have warm usually with electrical power. they were called. we did not know if they were going to fire. -- cold. we did not know if they're going to fire. if they did we knew that water was a -- they knew that he was going to be a fast rate of speed but we fired. >> did you know it you were home free? >> i knew i was home free with -- when the spacecraft bobbed up and water on the window and we did not sing. -- sink. >> i am looking at this whole thing when it exploded and you realized you had a problem or when you were coming down and the shoot was going to deploy. >> the most frightening part of this was when the explosion occurred and after a period of time and oxygen was escaping and we do not have solutions to get home. we were in deep deep trouble is what we knew then. i always compare this to solitaire

when looking down to earth i feel that i have to apologize. well nancy it looks like my generation is not going to leave the planet in the best shape. i wish i could look into the future with your eyes. look into your world and understand how you see it. as. fortunately i can do that all i can do is try to play my part in giving you a future and the best possible version of it. just as expected to be home in germany tonight. back on earth just in time and by the way guest said a new record for a german astronaut three hundred sixty three days in space all together and with me now is the man whose record guest broke thomas reiter his corridor for the european space agency and a former astronaut himself and he's joining us from training and education center sir it's a privilege to have you here with us on the show talk just i mean you've been through this yourself how does it feel to return after such a trip. you know the feeling being in space having this beautiful perspective which alex will stress talking about having the perception of weight

and here we are 200,000 miles from earth and 90 hours from earth. 240,000 miles from earth. yeah. >> and did you, i know what your answer is but i have to ask it do you think at any time that you were going to be a perpetual monument to the space of you floating around out there forever? >> the thought crossed our mind deep trouble.n never dwelled on it. we never gave up and said what's going to happen if we don't get back? are we going to be? my thoughts were this. everything failed, and we still had life support in the get module and couldn't back to earth, the heat shield was damage or we just went past the effort because the orbit we on would take us past the earth, i said that we'll send ack information, we'll keep on operating, as long as we can, and then that's the end of the deal. that was what i had planned mind, should, you something happen. people often ask -- [inaudible] >> tell me about that. to kill't have anything yourself with? >> well, all we had to do was open up the cabin vent. could have gone just like that, so why bother carrying know.n pills, you >> did

the marcos in turn will relay it back down to earth. him [cheers and applause] him >> let's wait to see what they saw. there it is. wow. wow. [cheers and applause] >> i don't see a lot of -- don't see a lot of -- >> let's explain that image. this image has a dust cover on himthis image has a dust cover on top of it. >> we have lost the signal from marco. >> you can see potentially a lot of -- >> [indiscernible] >> we don't know what we're looking at. yay, marco. [applause] congratulations. oh, there it is. you can see a better view. you can see that really is debris. there is the horizon back there. the bluish sky. that is part of the lander deck. i can't make it out but it looks like there's not a lot of rocks, but those dots you see are likely to be dust particles on the lint, the dust cover. which will be removed. >> it will get another shot later on. >> yes. a better, clearer view after the dust cover is removed. insight -- sorry, the relay communications job is done. they are taking pictures back towards mars. hopefully mro, which

these fruits of the earth that end up on our dinner plates can be really tasty. but if we are to leave the earth and move to other planets it's high time we thought about what will be easing their. chances are our diets will feature home grown plants rather than meat. is it possible that one day you will inhabit the moon or mars and even plant vegetables. that would require water light and some kind of soil moss for example is pretty arid water does exist but mainly in the form of ice then there are high levels of radiation still there are a number of scientific projects that are looking into how plant life could be sustained in space on one of these all of the initial of my vision is certainly to move towards mars or the moon it's clear that we need to expand our resources whether we go for asteroids or planets at some stage we'll need to move beyond the euro's that's the nature of human exploration or. could be stoops hold the secret for growing plant life on mars or the moon klaus lenska has spent thirty five years working for a company in germany that support

these fruits of the earth that end up on our dinner plates can be really tasty. but if we are to leave the earth and move to other planets it's high time we thought about what we'll be eating their. chances are our diets will feature home grown plants rather than meat. is it possible that one day we'll inhabit the moon or mars and even plant vegetables there that would require water light and some kind of soil models for example is pretty arid water does exist but mainly in the form of ice then there are high levels of radiation still there are a number of scientific projects that are looking into how plant life could be sustained in space on one of these all over the ritual of my vision is certainly to move towards mars or the moon it's clear that we need to expand our resources whether we go for asteroids or planets at some stage we'll need to move beyond the earth's that's the nature of human exploration or. the secret for growing plant life on mars all the moon. has spent thirty five years working for a company in germany that supports european space programs

from earth. can so that when the first humans arrive on mars they have a greenhouse full of food ready to be harvested. and funk and so on. the coolest garden in the world could soon be a working model for outer space cool indeed even in ant arctic some is minus thirty degrees celsius is as warm as it gets to thinking about it gives you goose bumps. but of course it's not only icy temperatures that can give you goose bumps. one of our view is encounter sent in an interesting question about that. why do some people get goosebumps when they listen to music. music can affect us deeply. it can spark emotions and move us profoundly personal tastes aside. it can trigger memories and transport us back to a place where we heard it before. several areas of the brain are activated when we listen to music but studies show that some of us get goosebumps and some of us don't. researchers have found that people with musical training and people who are open to new experiences are more likely to feel chills righ