army. then the weather cleared and our planes took to the air, blasting the forces. >> the battle of the bulge was soon over. the enemy was retreating. the germans had thrown their last big sunday punch of the war. while the battle of the bull ge was going on in europe, the army was battling stiff japanese resistance on leyte. the fight for leyte was continue for months until nearly 50,000 fanatical japanese would be annihilated. our forces were spreading out in the philippines. sixth army troops landed on luzon and swept southward to capture thailand, only 65 miles from manila. 15 days later, men of the first cavalry division, fought their way into manila. the capture of manila included the prison camp. along with the filipino people, these prisoners had waited for this moment of liberation. of all the liberated peoples in the world, none showed more gratitude than did the filipinos. they knew we had come not for conquest, but to keep a solemn promise to return and destroy the aggressor wh

seventh army patrols coming up from the south met patrols from the third army. the two armies were now linked up for the coordinated offensive to come. retreat for nazi forces caught on the wrong side of the line was cut off. we rounded up our share of prisoners. the desperate plight of hitler's armies became more apparent as the bewildered legions found themselves defeated by an army they had been repeatedly told would never last longer than nine hours. ♪ ♪ >> in the 97 days since the fifth corp. led the assault on omaha beach it had come nearly 900 miles and now stood at the border of hitler's germany. who was it that once said the american was no soldier? in world war ii the american soldier proved his fighting quality as he always has and always will. he stands second to none and his leadership is second to none. from private to general, he is the product of a free society, conceived in liberty. he even has the power, through his right to vote in free elections, to choose his own commander in chief. he has a voice in making the laws which govern him. he

seventh army patrols coming up from the south met patrols from the third army. the two armies were now linked up for the coordinated offensive to come. retreats for nazi forces caught on the wrong side of the line was cut off. we rounded up our share of prisoners. the desperate plight of hitler's army became more apparent as the bewildered legion of the once mighty destructive force found themselves defeated by an army they had been repeatedly told would never last on the soil of the third reich longer than 9 hours. in the 97th day since the fifth corp had led the assault on omaha beach it had come nearly 500 miles and drove across the border and stood on the soil of hitler's germany. who was it that once said the american was no soldier? ♪ in world war ii the american soldier proved his fighting -- as he always has and always will. he stands second to none and his leadership is second to none. from private to general he is the product of a free society conceived in liberty. he even has the power through his rights to vote in free elections, to choose his own

this one from todd south of the army times. could you please discuss your thoughts on stationing a rotational use of army personnel as it relates to partner nations in the first, second, or third island chain defense model. for example, how critical is it to have u.s. forces inside the first island chain, such as oakland or in partner nations such as thailand? >> i think it's very important that we have relationships with the countries inside the first island chain. and we do. as far as the ability to do exercises and train, it's very, very important. it's very important to have advisers with our partners and allies. we take a look at who we have collective defense agreements with. there's seven in our country as a whole. and five of those are in the region. so when you think about, you know, japan, philippines, the republic of korea, thailand, and australia, new zealand, those are the countries that we have defense agreements with. so we think it's very, very important to make sure those partnerships are strong and we work tog

army. a minimum of glory and a maximum of determination. their achievements were seldom recorded. look well at these faces. you will never see them again in the ranks of war prisoners. or read their names over heroes' graves. ahead of them lay nothing but the rope and the halter. but they stayed behind and went on fighting. their only goal was merciless destruction. >> now the partisan movement began in 1941 basically in terms of its composition. when stalin made his first speech to the people, okay, he reminded them and urged them to become partisans, to rise up like the russians did when napoleon invaded russia, referencing back to the history of russia. >> this war is not an ordinary war. it is the war of the entire russian people. not only to eliminate the danger hanging over our heads, but to aid all people groaning under the yolk of fascism. >> when you said that, you probably didn't mean it. there were either red army soldiers caught behind the lines or communist party members. now i

1st army. then the weather cleared and our planes took to the air, blasting their forces. [ explosions ] >>> the battle of the bulge was soon over. the enemy was retreating. the germans had thrown their last big sunday punch of the war. ♪ the 8th army was battling stiff japanese resistance in the pacific. the fight for leipay for months. our forces were spreading out in the philippines. six army troops landed on luzon, and swept south to capture them only 60 miles from manila. 15 days later, men of the 1st cavalry division fought their way into manila. the capture of manila included the prison camp. along with the filipino people, these prisoners had waited in long and quiet agony for this moment of liberation. of all the liberated peoples in the world, none showed more great tuned than the filipino. they knew we did not come for conquest, but to destroy the it -- less than two years later the philippines would be given complete independence as a sovereign nation by the united states. 13 days

the army's propensity to travel heavy. the question is what is the army vision, it doesn't rely on that. >> we have all types of forces, aerosol forces, each comes with a logistical trail until and ideally the lighter you go the less you have, brings less conduct. what we are doing is tailoring our units and logistics. the other thing is how we do logistics. manufacturing, putting official intelligence systems on our weapon systems, until you absolutely need to get feedback, a system that brings parts that you need. we are doing more on efficiency when it comes to fuel, and hybrid type vehicles. the challenge of logistics, we would like, what we are trying to do and getting after that. moving into the information age comes to logistics. >> host: a question on india. the us india australia and japan, the four nations working to gather, how india can contribute to a quad or broaden it to multilateral approaches with the us to neutralize the indo pacific. >> it is extremely important in the region. as we follow or believe dip

army. a minimum of glory and a maximum of determination. their achievements were seldom recorded. look at all of these faces. you will never see them again and the ranks of war prisoners or read their names over heroes graves. ahead of them lay nothing but the road and the horror, but they stayed fighting. their only goal was merciless destruction. >> now, the partisan movement began in 1941, basically, in terms of its composition. when stalin made his first speech to the people, he reminded them and urged them to become partisans. to rise up like the russians did when napoleon invaded russia, referencing back to the history of russia. >> this war is not an ordinary war. it is the war of the entire russian people. not only to eliminate the danger hanging over our heads, but to aid all people groaning under the yoke of fascism. >> when he said that, he probably didn't really mean it, because for the first year, the only party since that were allowed in the partisan movement were either red a

so, you get drafted into the army, into the army air corps. ben: no, i started that's -- started, that's another funny story. i got drafted into the army a a little i was never sworn into the army. they took me to to an army base in an island outside new york. to get my physical, to get sworn in, but i went to the bathroom and by the time i got out of the bathroom, they had already sworn everybody else in. so, i always felt that i could if i really got mad at everybody i could say, i'm not in the army because i never was sworn in, but i never had the nerve to do that. [laughter] >> was it governors island that you want to? ben: yes. that's where i went. two governors island. to governors island. >> because that was a big post before it shut down a few years ago. ben: governors island is where i went. i went from a physical there, and i was not sworn in at governors island. i got my orders, after a few weeks, and i went to fort dix in new jersey. fort dix, new jersey, it was a huge army base. where i was supposed to take my basic training. anot

almost a third of lee's army. the wagon train is crossing over the appomattox river with john gordon protecting them. but he's being pressed by the union army 2nd corps, which is always trying to take advantage of all this. at rice's station, with orden not coming on, longstreet receives orders to move towards farmville on what he said was a crowded road deep in mud, with sheridan fighting against longstreet's rear guard. this is longstreet's column and this is gordon's column with the trains. and here's the high bridge. the confederate calvary was able to stop the bridge burners and capture or kill most of them. so the bridge is intact when gordon starts to cross it. the confederate engineers have been ordered to burn the high bridge. now, there were actually two bridges in this area. one is the railroad bridge and the other is a wagon bridge. the confederates did destroy part of the train bridge, which union army quickly rebuilt, but because of the force of the wagon bridge, that they couldn't burn. and whatever

they are among part of america's secret army in the vietnam war. now they say they're being hunted by the laos army picked off one by one time is running out for the whole month of northern lives. in the dead of night and a rendezvous on the fringe of asia's dances jungles. these are my guys they are home on a rugged tough people used to harsh conditions. for the people living in fear. when we talk we whisper when we walk we try not to create noise and we try to avoid the danger. the danger is posed by the laos army they are everywhere the hmong told me and ambushes are common it's about midnight now we've been walking for about 3 hours up this huge hill hallways are put up with his tortures route for somebody like me but for these young hmong fighters it's a normal walk in the jungle and the sort of care they have to take to avoid the laos army. a few welcome hours asleep beneath the dense canopy awaking to the chill of an early morning in the highland jungle of northern laos. breakfast was a kind of yam a staple diet for the hmong but something i

elements of the army's 27th infantry division took macon. our army air corp. was engaged in massive bombing of the industrial heart of germany. devastating nazi plants. but the twilight of the gods had yet to come. the large scale battles had yet to be fought. some of these were soon to come on the italian front where strong defensive positions where held by a tough and stubborn enemy. that and the weather had bogged down our advance. it was winter 1943. the stage was set for the cairo talks. roosevelt and churchill met in cairo. even at the moment fighting was most intense in italy, high level master plans continued to be made for the invasion of france. at cairo talks centered on the relation of european invasions in the north pacific. from cairo roosevelt and churchill flew to italy where they met with marshal stalin, dictator of soviet russia. they failed to agree on everything. one thing they agreed upon was the invasion of normandy would take place sometime during the following summer of 1944. for some time there had been doubt as to who would command ov

the indian army had the time to reorganise and train in india in 19a3 and 19aa the imperialjapanese army was decisively defeated and then the 1ath army under the leadership of a general defeated the japanese again in central burma in 19a5. that was fascinating, do the same in terms of the african troops, you said there were 80,000? for the african troops there was three divisions from east and west africa. as well as a brigade, i think... african troops to fight the 1ath army, but also fought in the arakan region... also alongside indian troops. an awful place to fight. i think their role is even more forgotten... there's been a lot of academic studies about the role of the indian army and very few about the indian army and very few about the african troops in the burma campaign... 0ur correspondentjohn maguire is at the national memorial arboretum in staffordshire, where today's commemorations are taking place. the ceremony ended a while ago now the dignitaries are members of the royalfamily, prime the dignitaries are members of the royal family, prime minister, secretary of state have

trotsky took the red army and said, i want to make it a working man's army. when you go to work, you don't wear a suit that has a raised collar and epaulets. you have a suit that has a laydown collar. on will -- as we saw on the front of that book, that was the early war uniform. it was a simple smock. the rank was on the collar. as the war progressed, there was more and more reference to the past, to the heoroics of the military achievement under the czars. so, a lot of the changes were made to kind of encourage that, to reinforce that. so, later on during the war, the uniform was now changed back to, in a sense, the czarist-type looking uniform. again, the medals came back. medals were prolific. the guard medals, the idea that there were famous czarist units. now we were going to have elite red army units to raise morale and encourage the men to fight. so, i guess i would like people to take away from this -- i'll say, for example, that c-span is a source of much of the information that we use in our hobby. and i've heard numerous occasions, on various hist

. ♪ the united states army was by now very much in the war. with combat experience divisions in north africa, the jungle covered islands of the pacific. the aleutians where they had wiped out the japanese on ato. now the blooded veterans of the north african campaign had landed on sicily and the drive for the italian mainland. ♪ millions more were training in the united states. we were well on the road to the ultimate victory. the snow sthoets ♪ >> in 1940, our army numbered a little more than a quarter of a million men. three years later, in 1943, it numbered almost 7 million and would continue to grow to 8 million. but numbers alone do not make an efficient fighting force capable of winning the final victory. an undisciplined ravel, even though the cause be just, never won a war against a trained and well disciplined and well armed and well led force. thanks to the intensive training program under general leslie mcnair, commander of army ground forces, american soldiers had never before been as well trained and equipped to fight as were

they are among part of america's secret army in the vietnam war. now they say they're being hunted by the laos army picked off one by one time is running out for the hmong of northern. the dead of night and a rendezvous on the fringe of ages dances jungles. these are my guys they are home on a rugged tough people used to harsh conditions. for the people living in fear. when we talk we whisper when we walk we try not to create noise and we try to avoid the danger. the danger is posed by the laos army they are everywhere the hmong told the and ambushes are common it's about midnight now we've been walking for route 3 hours up this huge hill hallways are put up with his tortures route for somebody like me but for these young hmong fighters it's a normal walk in the jungle and the sort of care they have to take to avoid the laos army. a few welcome hours of sleep beneath the dense canopy awaking to the chill of an early morning in the highland jungle of northern laos. breakfast was a kind of yam a staple diet for the hmong but something i would come to

seventh army patrols coming up from the south met patrols from the third army. the two armies were now linked up for the coordinated offensive to come. no retreat for nazi forces caught on the wrong side of the line was cut off. a we rounded up our share of prisoners. the desperate plight of hitler's army became more apparent as bewildered legions of once mighty destructive force found them selves defeated by an army that they were repeatedly told would never last on soil longer than nine hours. ♪ ♪ and the 97 days since the assault on no omaha beach, etiquette nearly 500 miles and now drove across the german border and stood on the soil of hitler's germany. ♪ ♪,? who said at once that the americans were no soldier? and world war ii the american soldier proved his fighting quality as he always has and always will. he stands second to none and his leadership is second to none. from private to general, he is the product of a free society conceived in liberty. he even has the power to roll vote in free elections. now he has a voice in making the laws that g

the united states army was by now y

so i got into the army around 1942. late 1942. that starts my army career. that takes care of my childhood. [laughter] >> that covered a lot. you went everywhere. you did more public schools in more countries than most people do -- ben: i am well aware. i want to seven public schools, . lived in two countries but, the defining thing was going to city college. i have to, >> free education. ben: the free education is what did it. up to that point, i had just standard education, i knew i was going to be a scientist all along. i thought i was going to be an astronomer when i was five. i had already decided i was going to be an astronomer when i was five i had seen some science fiction movie and i came home and i told my parents that i was going to be an astronomer when i was five or six. and i didn't change much, from astronomy i came to physics, which is not that different. but i always, throughout my childhood, i kept diaries of science, i read science books, i read science fiction lot. so i was oriented toward science all my life, that's what got me away from

almost a third of lee's army. their wagon train is crossing over the river with john gordon protecting them, but he's being pressed by the army's second corps which is trying to take advantage of all of this. at rice's station, longstreet receives orders to move towards farmville on what he said was a crowded road deep in mud with chariton fighting. this is longstreet's column and this is gordon's column with the trains. and here's the high bridge. the confederate cavalry was able to start the bridge burners and capture and bill most kill most. the confederate engineers have been ordered to burn the high bridge. there were two bridges in this area. one is the railroad bridge and the other is a wagon bridge. the confederates did destroy part of the train bridge which the union army quickly rebuilt. because of the force of the wagon bridge, that didn't burn. whatever fires they had started came up and put it out. so now union troops are over the appomattox river on their wagon bridge on high bridge. on april 7th, lo

lee's army and he really had a strategic vision because the various up an yoon armies in different theaters of war had been operating independently of each other. grant coordinated their movements so that they -- he turned them into a single fighting force and he saw that the way to wear down the confederacy was by having union forces simultaneously attack different confederate armies so they could not switch reinforcements from one to another. he finally pins robert e. lee down in richmond and petersburg and another wonderful comment from sherman, sherman said about grant, he said, robert e. lee would attack the front porch. he said, ulysses s. grant would attack the bedroom and the kitchen. i'm not sure what he meant about the bedroom. i don't want to go there. but in terms of attacking the kitchen, that again goes back to grant the quarter master, but he did with lee in richmond and petersburg he began systemically to cut off every railway line and canal feeding supplies to lee's army. final starving it out and forcing him to lee west to the courthouse appomattox courthouse where grant a

they are among part of america's secret army in the vietnam war. now they say they're being hunted by the laos army picked off one by one time is running out for the whole month of northern. the dead of night and a rendezvous on the fringe of ages dances jungles. these are my guys they are home on a rugged tough people used to harsh conditions. for the people living in fear. when we talk we whisper when we walk we try not to create noise and we try to avoid the danger. the danger is posed by the laos army they are everywhere the hmong told me and ambushes are common it's about midnight now we've been walking for route 3 hours up this huge hill hallways are put up with his tortures route for somebody like me but for these young hmong fighters it's a normal walk in the jungle and the sort of care they have to take to avoid the laos army. a few welcome hours asleep beneath the dense canopy awaking to the chill of an early morning in the highland jungle of northern laos. breakfast was a kind of yam a staple diet for the hmong but something i would come

any here but the army they are going the operation to see. that people are still people are picking up rocks over there if you look over there this is where people are. there covering their faces because tear gas is literally everywhere right now. you can see this is . people can barely breathe here. c.p.s. . can not do anything we cannot talk we cannot express ourselves we cannot get anything anything we try to do we have the army fighting us we have the police were to us we have everyone. everyone facing us because we are needed our needs and we need to get back our country and our city and this city will not be rebuild unless we take back our country and if you look if you just look over that there is that she has just been swimming with people all you can see there right now is just a line of soldiers just a pack of soldiers who have moved forward about a 100 meters from the at the center from the epicenter of the protest and this is basically this is going to be their position now and from over there they will keep moving here and they w

they are among part of america's secret army in the vietnam war. now they say they're being hunted by the laos army picked up one by one time is running out for the whole month of northern lives. in the dead of night and a rendezvous on the fringe of ages dances jungles. these are my guys they are home on a rugged tough people used to harsh conditions. for the people living in fear. when we talk we whisper when we walk we try not to create noise and we try to avoid the danger. the danger is posed by the laos army they are everywhere the hmong told me and ambushes are common it's about midnight now we've been walking for about 3 hours up this huge hill hallways are put up with his tortures route for somebody like me but for these young hmong fighters it's a normal walk in the jungle and the sort of care they have to take to avoid the laos army. a few welcome hours of sleep beneath the dense canopy awaking to the chill of an early morning in the highland jungle of northern laos. breakfast was a kind of yam a staple diet for the hmong but something i

the army to learn from the japanese lessons. i understand that they had no respect whatsoever for prisoner of four because they saw that as a complete loss of honour. to return back to the gurkhas, what is their lasting legacy?” to return back to the gurkhas, what is their lasting legacy? i think the expertise in the jungle, is their lasting legacy? i think the expertise in thejungle, one is their lasting legacy? i think the expertise in the jungle, one third of the world land masses is jungle or trees and so it's important to maintain that capability and the battalion based in brunei provides the uk's only trained and acclimatised jungle capability so we have maintained the gurkhas have maintained that extreme professionalism and within the battalions themselves, within each of battalion two of the companies of around 100 men are named after people from the and —— gurkha campaign. the legacy lives on. major generaljohn craig lawrence, thank you for your time. thank you very much indeed. in tokyo, the japanese emperor naru

the police and the army are trying to. right now we are in the middle of. this was the blast that led to the mass protest as a 5 day search for survivors draws to a close but they report explosion killed at least 158 people and left thousands injured. broadcasting live from our studios in moscow this is our team international i'm sean thomas certainly glad to have you with us now we start with breaking news from belarus where there have been widespread protests in the wake of the presidential election official exit polls claim that alexander lukashenko who has been in power since 1904 has won a landslide victory the opposition believes however that the vote was rigged the interior ministry has convened an emergency meeting in response to the demonstrations which were met with force my police. live live. live live leak live. to. the truth about suitable yeah he said you know. so it never means we can't slip in a recent scene its largest protests in the last 10 years at 10 pm people began to gather near the heroes city open a school but a path was blocked by

elements of the fifth army entered naples. they were granted greeted not as conquerors, but as liberators. the citizens of naples knew that we and our allies were the only hope of driving the germans from their homeland. ♪ ♪ here as elsewhere a new problem confronted our air for our force. how to control the government in the civilian population. years of fascination fascism had promised plenty digitally delivered strife. such a hungry population, the advances hampered. communications wipe down, in naples the allies met the challenge and thwarted chaos. the naples water supply met another challenge to the allies. this problem was also mastered. jim ♪ ♪ military government was in a cecily. one which also had a direct influence on postwar rehabilitation throughout europe. following the fall of naples, we expected our advance to continue. it did. but only for a brief period. ♪ ♪ (noise) the mountainous regions of central italy provided the germans with a number of natural defensive lines. these together with the closi

pad in seventh american army attack from one side while general montgomery's british army hit from the other. citizen soldier gi joe had fought and defeated the best the nazi had to offer in north africa and had taken the enemy. now he was a veteran he had growing confidence in himself and in his leadership. he was a soldier. whether he knew or not, he was adding new glory to the traditions of the american fighting men and wars outcomes the word defeat i never been written in that fine tradition. in many areas, there was nothing more than a rock or a road. so units of the seventh army did a little amphibious meet fogging in the push for cena. well our seventh army push the nazis across sicily. in faraway new guinea the maiden airdrop while american an australian ground forces continue to press forward. our growing air power merely daylight road on military jackson italy with 500 bombers. made a daylight raid in sicily with 500 bombers. 's north coast seven captured player mo and went eastward towards miss cena. in the air 177 american be 24 bombers raided the oil refineries and lowest

almost a third of lee's army. the wagon train is crossing the appomattox river with john gordon protecting them but he's being pressed by the union army second core which is always trying to take advantage of this. at rices station, with forwards army coming on, it receives orders to russ move towards farm val which he saw a crowded row deep in mud with shared and fighting against long streets army. this is lost reach column and cordons column. here's the high bridge. the confederate county was able to stop the bridge burners and capture or kill most of them. so the bridge is intact when gordon starts to cross. the confederate sub in order to but burn hybrid. the two bridges in this area. one is a railroad bridge and the others a wagon bridge. the confederacy did destroy part of the train bridge, which was quickly rebuilt. because of the force of the wagon bridge, that they could not burn. whatever fires they started, they were put out. now union troops are pouring all over the appomattox river through the wagon b

their objective, to defeat an opposing british army and dominate all north africa. and there was a bloody quest over china. only one was stirl nll not at w. the united states. it was a sunday afternoon in 1941 and the statue of liberty towered over new york harbor as if she were the last symbol of freedom left to the crumbling fr free world. afternoon in new york. early morning in hawaii. and another great harbor where american ships were dockside. planes stood idle when suddenly without warning, ♪ >> the immediate japanese military objective was no knock out united states naval and air power in the pacific at a single stroke. they reasoned that we were committed to eventual entrance in the war in europe, convinced we were unable of fighting a two-front war. the japanese were right in their calculations to the extent that roosevelt and churchill were to agree that the defeat of hitler, the most powerful of our enemies, must have priority over an offensive against japan. they followed sound principles of warfare to concentrate the greatest mass of power against the

there was an army guardhouse. it was just a plain old wouldn't guard house with two or three soldiers. didn't look like much. of course i show the my shipping orders. they let me in they sent me to an army barracks. i got into an army barracks and i went to sleep. i woke up eventually and i spoke to somebody. next day after i got and i got a job. >> that must have been a huge temperature change, going from tampa tennessee to new mexico. >> let me see. it was probably 43. it must have been right in the middle or the beginning of the winter. >> eagle from the mountains of tennessee down to the dry air of new mexico. >> but the weather wasn't that bad. i love the weather in santa fe. it was dry, sunny. it was cold but not unpleasantly cold. not like here. (laughs) >> not at all. >> i was still a soldier. i was still in uniform and i got a job. i was given a job. i still had no idea what was happening. i started out a mysterious oak ridge, and then i see even more mysterious lost alamo. i had no idea what was going on

so they flare their plantations and attach himself to grants army. that's really how the dream of emancipation came true. this day knit french excel captured a bunch of african americans straggled with the grants army pittsburgh, what was remarkable about them? until a day before, they were technically owned by jefferson davis at his plantation a few miles away. a little by little, i have been peeling off from the pound plantation. this group was captured by cell as they marched into the army now technically free. not only were they legally for the free themselves and made their family safe. here you see them to the left of that figure on horseback as other soldiers look on straggling into camp. by the way, i've always thought that the officer who sort of leaning on a tree on the right-hand side. it looks a little bit too much luck ulysses-esque rant. too much of a coincidence. so maybe shall put that in as a little joke, inside joke. but here they are and by the way we jefferson davis heard about this, he was furious. why would block people leave th

any here now but the army they are going the operation to free him. people are still people are picking up rocks over there if you look over that this is what people are. there covering their faces because tear gas is literally everywhere right now. you can see this and. people can barely breathe here. through the notorious for c.p.s. worker not because they're going out and not because i'm still not again not getting any easier to drive her own you're fighting for the boys but everyone to everyone facing us because we want. our news. but our country and our state and this sitting room not be your bill unless we take back our country and if you look if you just look over the map this is not street has just been swarming with people who will you can see there right now it's just a line of soldiers just a pack of soldiers. who are what about a 100 rooms. well the protest and this is basically this is going to be the position now in trouble with. moving here and they keep hearing from these bright flashes that you can see the night sky this is the tear g

they are among part of america's secret army and the vietnam war. now they say they're being hunted by the laos army picked off one by one time is running out for the whole month of northern. the dead of night and the rendezvous on the fringe of ages dances jungles. these are my guys they are home on a rugged tough people used to harsh conditions. for the people living in fear. when we talk we wish for me. we try not to create noise and we try to avoid the danger. the danger is posed by the laos army they are everywhere the hmong told me and ambushes are common it's about midnight now we've been walking for about 3 hours up this huge hill hallways are put up with his tortures route for somebody like me but for these young hmong fighters it's a normal walk in the jungle and the sort of care they have to take to avoid the laos army. a few welcome hours asleep beneath the dense canopy and waking to the chill of an early morning in the highland jungle of northern laos. breakfast was a kind of yam a staple diet for the hmong but something i would come to

right so joe lewis and sugar ray robinson lead this physical training troop from army base and army base. up north of the army bases they are fine. everything goes okay. then they get below the mason-dixon line. alabama and mississippi and all hell breaks loose. one day, joe lewis is using a telephone on an army base in alabama. aye officer, aye guard tells him he should be at the phone booth for black soldiers. lewis gets upset. young sugar ray robinson known as walker smith in the army thanks that the officer is going to hit joe lewis. and sugar ray, like a panther, jumps on the whites army guard why anyone would want to tangle with joe lewis and sugar ray robinson on an army base is unimaginable. >> host: it tells something about the times. >> guest: it does. so they're both taken to an officer to be disciplined. but now, the army has a pr nightmare at its throat. whether the two black public relations figures, who were being engaged to her the south are arrested. because they opposed segregatio segregation. segregation policies. so the army backed off. and didn't press any charges. b

they are among part of america's secret army and the vietnam war. now they say they're being hunted by the laos army picked up one by one time is running out for the hmong of northern. the dead of night and a rendezvous on the fringe of asia's dances jungles. these are my guys they are home on a rugged tough people used to harsh conditions. for the people living in fear. when we talk we whisper when we walk we try not to create noise and we try to avoid the danger. the danger is posed by the laos army they are everywhere the hmong told the and ambushes are common it's about midnight now we've been walking for route 3 hours up this huge hill always a put up words as torches root for somebody like me but for these young hmong fighters it's a normal walk in the jungle and the sort of care they have to take to avoid the laos army. a few welcome hours of sleep beneath the dense canopy awaking to the chill of an early morning in the highland jungle of northern laos. breakfast was a kind of yam a staple diet for the hmong but something i would come to drea

like the army of frederick the great, like bismarck's army. certainly not like a conquered army. why then did germany sign an armistice, karl schmidt asked himself. why then, a year later, would he called the shame treaty of versailles? why was germany, in his judgment , an undefeated germany, accepting the penalties of defeat? karl schmidt was looking for a scapegoat. he found one. the one the german war leaders had always planned that he should find. karl schmidt never blamed the men who had caused the war. instead, he blamed the men who would sign the peace. the ill-fated german republic meant a bunch of traders that would stab the fatherland in the back. and the general's staff, the great landowners, the industrialists, the state officials smiled contented. ly. not only did they escape blame themselves, but they had smeared the idea of democracy in germany. it was a blow from which it would never recover. karl schmidt would go back to the old tradition. the tradition of frederick and bismarck and the kaiser. the tradition of militarism and war. but wasn't the versailles treat

instead, the german army home again after the armistice. like the army of frederick the army. like bismarck's why then did germany sign an armistice? why when you're in a half later was he called the shame treaty of their site? i was germany, in his judgment and undefeated germany, excepting the penalties of defeat? call schmitt was looking for a scapegoat. he found one. the one the german war leaders always planned that he should find. call schmitt never blamed the men who would cause the war. whoead, he blamed the men would assign the piece. republicated german met a bunch of traders that would stab the fatherland in the back. the general staff, the great landowners, the industrialists, state officials smiled content. not only did they escape blame themselves, but they smeared the idea of democracy and germany. it was a blow from which it would never recover. carl schmitt would go back to the old tradition. through tradition of frederick and bismarck and the kaiser. the tradition of militarism and war. but wasn't a treaty designed to prevent call schmitt starting another war

any here now but the army they are going the operation to free and. people are still people are picking up rocks over there if you look over that this is what you know. they're covering their faces because tear gas is literally everywhere right now. you can see this and. people can barely breathe here. for the numbers for c.p.s. worker numbers because they're going up and not because i'm still not you can not get any easier to drive. home you're finding the bodies but everyone. everyone are focusing on because really where you. are news. but our country and our city and the sitting room not be rebuilt i'm less worried about our country and if you look if you just look over there there's that street has just been swarming with people who will you can see there right now it's just a line of soldiers. first the back of a soldier moving forward about 802100. from the. protest and this is basically this is going to be the position now and from up with we'll keep moving here and keep moving on from these bright flashes that you can see the night sky this is

. ♪ [military band music] ♪ ♪ [newsreel intro music] >> berlin is occupied by the red army. the red army stages a review in berlin. ♪ in this headquarters on the eighth of may, the final unconditional surrender has been ratified. ♪ german field marshal keitel, the former chief of staff. marshall jukov of the red army. ♪ ex-field marshal keitel signs for those still bearing arms. general admiral yvonne friedberg signs. american general spots from the eighth air force. british air marshal ted r. -- theodor. ♪ it is over. the war in europe has ended. ♪ in berlin, the brandenburg tower still stands. amid the ruins, dazed people wander here and there. not much else remains. in southern germany, allied troops move forward to complete the occupation of the country. ♪ the eagle's nest at berchestgarden, formerly hitler's mountain retreat. ♪ much of munich lies in ruins. the famous beer hall, little remains. ♪ one of the first war criminals is captured, hermann goering. ♪ [dramatic music] he is interviewed by allied newspapermen. ♪ field marshal castlekesselring,

the miracle of supply achieved by the united states army in world war ii was historic. it represented the outpouring of a great nations energies and resources. not for conquest but to win freedom. for man who would be free everywhere. ♪ ♪ mighty america had come fully alive. really a revitalized agriculture reached the largest food production goals in the history of mankind. food not only for ourselves and for our allies, but for the hungry populations of the countries are armies would liberate and occupy. ♪ ♪ industrial output stagger the imagination. brought hope to are largely pressed allies. dismay and the aggressors. it amazed even ourselves. ♪ ♪ a long lost, the united states had come of age. it had fined of a totality, a strength and a will to do that was phenomenal and all the annals of men and nations. ♪ ♪ great convoys of ships stretched out as far as the eye could see carrying the millions of tons tons of cargo we kept pouring overseas. ♪ ♪ all of this in support of gi joe. and who was gi joe? he was the oft times grammy half times not sha

the miracle of supply achieved by the united states army in world war ii was historic. it represented the outpouring of a great nation's energies and resources, not for conquest, but to win freedom for men who would be free everywhere. >> mighty america had come fully alive. a revitalized agriculture reached the largest food production goals in the history of mankind. food not only for ourselves and our allies, but for the hungry populations of the countries our armies would liberate and occupy. ♪ ♪ ♪ >> industrial output staggered the imagination, brought renewed hope to our hard-pressed allies, dismay and consternation to the aggressors. it amazed even ourselves. ♪ >> at long last, the united states had come of age, had found a vitality, a strength, and a will to do that was phenomenal in all the annals of men and nations. ♪ >> great convoys of ships stretched out as far as the eye could see, carrying the millions of tons of cargo we kept pouring overseas. ♪ >> all of this in support of gi joe. and who was gi joe? he was the oftentimes grimy, unshaven, hea

any who give up but the army they are going the operation to free. people are still people are picking up rocks over there if you look over there this is where people are. there covering their faces because tear gas is literally everywhere right now. you can see this is. people can barely breathe. and c.p.s. can obviously cannot do anything we cannot talk we cannot express i will selves we cannot get anything anything we try to do we have done the fighting us we have the police fighting us we have everyone. everyone facing us because we need our needs and we need to get back our country and our city and this city were not be rebuild unless we take back our country and if you look if you just look over that this is that she has just been swimming with people only you can see there right now is just a line of soldiers just a pack of soldiers who have moved forward about a 100 meters from the. at the center from the epicenter of the protest and this is basically this is going to be their position now and from over there they will keep moving here and th

any who have nothing but the army they are going the operation to free and. people are still people are picking up rocks over there if you look over there this is where people are. there covering their faces because tear gas is literally everywhere right now. you can see this is . people can barely breathe here. c.p.s. . can not do anything we cannot talk we cannot express ourselves we cannot get anything anything we try to do we have the army fighting us we have the police were to us we have everyone. everyone facing us because we need our needs and we need to get back our country and our city and this city will not be rebuild unless we take back our country and if you look if you just look over that there is that she has just been swimming with people all you can see there right now is just a line of soldiers just a pack of soldiers who have moved forward about a 100 meters from the at the center from the epicenter of the protest and this is basically this is going to be their position now and from over there they will keep moving here and they will keep cl

like the army of frederick the great, like bismarck's army. certainly not like a concord army. why then did germany sign an armistice? himself? dt asked why then a year later what he called the shame treaty of versailles? why was germany, in his judgment and undefeated germany, excepting the penalties of defeat? karl schmidt was looking for a scapegoat. he found one. the one the german war leaders had always planned that he should find. karl schmidt never blamed the men who had caused the war. instead, he blamed the men who would sign the peace. the ill-fated german republic meant a bunch of traders that would stab the fatherland in the back. and the general staff, the great landowners, the industrialists, state officials smiled contented. not only did they escape blame themselves, but they had smeared the idea of democracy in germany. it was a blow from which it would never recover. karl schmidt would go back to the old tradition. of the tradition of frederick and bismarck and the kaiser. the tradition of militarism and war. but wasn't the versailles treaty designed to prevent

army basis. and so -- army bases. she came up with a plan, her and the secretary of the army to have two high-profile blacks who were around u.s. army bases and engage in physical training for the soldiers. the first person she picked was the heavyweight champion of the world joe lewis. joe lewis had a young cat who is a friend of his who he had known, who is actually road in a vote, joe lewis and his girlfriend, lena horne, and the person who was rowing the vote was young sugar ray robinson. and so anyway the war comes. there are riots in southern cities of blacks who say that they are being asked to go to war and die, but they can't get equal treatment in the u.s. >> host: fighting for democracy abroad but being treated terribly and in the vey army bases where they are being trained to fight. >> guest: right, right. so joe lewis and sugar ray robinson lead this physical training troop from army base to army base. up north on the army bases that are fine. everything goes okay. and they get, go to the mason-dixon line

tripoli fell to the british 8th army. in bitter fighting, nazi tanked hurled back allied forces to the nigerian border. but then combined american, british and french units stopped the drive and overran tunisia. in the pacific, fighting an entirely different kind of warfare, united states troops overcame the last japanese resistance and won complete control of the island and its airfield. in the battle of the bismarck sea, bombers tank destroyers of a japanese convoy of 16 ships. >> 181 days after the allied landings in north africa, the cities fell before the drive of american, british and french forces. ♪ >> the drive reached its full fury with lightning speed on the air and the ground. the enemy was hit harder and harder, crushed in a vice from which there was no escape. >> in five days, all german resistance in tunisia collapsed. the axis forces surrendered. the myth of hitler's superrace was beginning to crack. in the far away aleutian islands, americans had landed there too. still farther away in knew guinea, amer

any here there are but the army they are going the operation to free and. people are still people are picking up rocks over there if you look over there this is where people are. there covering their faces because tear gas is literally everywhere right now. you can see this is. people can barely breathe here. c.p.s. . can not do anything we cannot talk we cannot express ourselves we can not get anything anything we try to do we have the army fighting us we have the police were doing us we have everyone. everyone facing us because we need our needs and we need to get back our country and our city and this city will not be rebuild unless we take back our country and if you look if you just look over that there is that she has just been swimming with people all you can see there right now is just a line of soldiers just a pack of soldiers who have moved forward about a 100 meters from the at the center from the epicenter of the protest and this is basically this is going to be their position now and from over there they will keep moving here and they will keep

we are with the fourteenth army living a solitary life. it is very warm here within the burma border. aircraft are droning overhead, leaving no space in time when their engines cannot be heard. we are in the middle of a jungle into which your eyes penetrate no more than a couple of yards, and some places ankle deep in dust. all i can see are palm trees, dense jungle, sun—baked earth, and scorched grass everywhere. private isaac fadoyebo, aged 18, of the royal west african frontier force, recalls an ambush on the kaladan river, in burma, in19aa. we anchored at nyron village to pass the night after paddling our bamboo rafts for several hours. gunshots rang out from the opposite bank. we all ran for cover. each time the japanese stopped firing, i made a number ofabortive attempts to get away. i made an attempt to peep at my right leg and the left hand of my body and i saw a lot of blood. i noticed that essien was in pains, i heard him saying, "take me, take me, 0 god," a few minutes later, he stopped gasping and i presumed he was no more. t