i remember when eisenhower came. this one moment was telling me gave her aower lollipop and i asked was if this photograph? that is the photograph. i love the stories. patrick: related to friends and family, you mentioned the property. we saw the drone video, multiple buildings on the property, but there was a farm. is that still part of the property, it still operating? ms. hammatt: do you mean the farm that you saw in the drone? patrick: the eisenhower farm. ms. hammatt: the eisenhower acresty was about 2 to 4 so it was not a farm in the grandsons of the word. father worked at a local creamery. he worked very hard, over 60 hours a week, but they had a small farm for their own vegetables. it no longer exists. patrick: can you talk to us more about the civil rights act moment? very interesting story about his interaction with lbj. ms. hammatt: eisenhower actually involvedw that he was in the crisis at little rock, and he really wanted to do more. in our holdings we have a note that he wrote that says he did what he c

eisenhower. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ >> the time is june 1945. the occasion, the return to his homeland of a war hero whose stature has seldom been matched in the esteem of his countrymen. the european phase of the greatest war america ever fought is over and part of the warmth with which the people of abilene, kansas, greet general dwight d. eisenhower reflects the deep joy of a nation approaching peace again. some of it is the kind of welcome anyone might give a hometown whose son has done a good job. more than anything else, it is a tribute. a gratitude fement in every corner of the allied world. no less than in abilene. towards a man who stewarded the crusade toward the victory and it was a crusade with many travels, and it found its symbol one day among others. >> d-day, june 6, 1944. ♪ ♪ >> the invasion of fortress europe was one of the greatest of all team. on the fate of war and freedom. ♪ ♪ >> it is because so much of man's hope had been balled up in the success of this adventure

i remember when eisenhower came. this one moment was telling me that eisenhower gave her a lollipop and i asked was if this photograph? that is the photograph. i love the stories. patrick: related to friends and family, you mentioned the property. we saw the drone video, multiple buildings on the property, but there was a farm. is that still part of the property, it still operating? ms. hammatt: do you mean the farm that you saw in the drone? patrick: the eisenhower farm. ms. hammatt: the eisenhower property was about 2 to 4 acres so it was not a farm in the grandsons of the word. father worked at a local creamery. he worked very hard, over 60 hours a week, but they had a small farm for their own vegetables. it no longer exists. patrick: can you talk to us more about the civil rights act moment? very interesting story about his interaction with lbj. ms. hammatt: eisenhower actually -- we know that he was involved in the crisis at little rock, and he really wanted to do more. in our holdings we have a note that he wro

eisenhower is speaking to it the 101st airborne. he spoke to that group because it anticipate that had they could have a 70% or higher casualty rate so he went out there. he found some of r some of of the so101st air bon. the story goes is anybody from kansas in these soldiers do not represent any particular people but some of the soldiers in the group say he was holding his hand that way because he was talking about fly fishing, maybe true. might not be true, but that's the story so you'll notice these papp troorers, all the gaed they had with them had been -- you'll see stops going around and some of many -- some of them would hold things that they needed to survive because they were being dropped behind the lines and there's eisenhower with the very famous eisenhower jacket which is the shortcutoff at waist. the other thing hi want you to look at is how young some of the soldiers are. the two on the outside grunk of four look very young, and it's a reminder that these soldiers that were going on the invasion the next day, it a lo

it's called "the age of eisenhower, t eisenhower and the world in the 1907s." thank you so much for coming on. >> thank you, and i really enjoyed your excellent questions. >>> you're watching american history tv. every weekend on c-span3, explore our nations past. american history tv on c-span3 prepared by television companies. today we're joined by these television companies who provide american history tv to public viewers. >>> weeknights this month we're featuring american history tv programs as a preview of what's available every weekend on c-span3. tonight we look at world war ii. boston red sox historian gordon leeds leads a panel on world war ii. they give insight into the athlete's training, combat experience and reception when they return home. watch tonight beginning at 8:00 eastern and enjoy american history tv every weekend on c-span3. >>> next, an interview with former georgia senator sam nunn on the cold war 75 years after it began. he talked about his experience during the cuban missile crisis, the leadership

eisenhower did build out the infrastructure to wage the cold war by that i mean it was in the eisenhower period 5 to 1961 that the tools were tually designed and built to contain soviet power and to deter the soviets. i'm talking about the nuclear infrastructure. in the eisenhower period they designed and tested and deployed thousands of new missiles with initially short range then longer range then finally intercontinental range. so that nuclear weapons could be delivered to any point in the world. that occurred deliberatively during the eisenhower period. eisenhower also super vise it had construction of the triad. so we can nuclear missiles, submarine missiles that could be carried undersea. those went live in 1960. and also the aircraft intercontinental bombers which circle the demrobe 24 hours a day carrying nuclear war heads. and militerized states by placing the first spy satellites in orbit. and drop them through the atmosphere to be collected by an aircraft. so eisenhower created this infrastructure not because he wanted or expected that he would use it. but because he figured t

that eisenhower had to face. i think another example, ike was very good on national security policy. he had seen every conceiveable crisis during the second world war. but the sputnik crisis was a big one for him. he anticipated that there was going to be breakthroughs on the soviet side, but it was a public relations nightmare that the soviets got a satellite in space first in 1957. and really, eisenhower handled it -- initially handled it rather poorly. he wasn't quite sure what to do. the soviets had beat the united states, everyone could see that. so, how do you spin that? the way that he spun it was don't worry, everything is going to be fine. and that's not at all what -- that didn't work. he came back about a month later and he said, look, i'll grant you that they beat us. but it doesn't matter in terms of the balance. we're way ahead on technology. we're going to get a satellite up in space, which they did a couple months later. and after that, the embarrassment eased. but it was just a sign that technolo

kennedy ran against eisenhower, not against eisenhower but against richard nixon claiming that there was a missile gap, and boy, got into of course what is arguably the greatest failure of the presidential leadership during the cold war and that is of course vietnam. he and his vice president and president lyndon johnson, it's easy to look back at these two, and either romanticize what jfk might have done if he lived to prosecute that war, and also of course to demonize lbj for not being able to see into the future, and know what we know, looking back at vietnam, the domino theory didn't hold. all those lives and treasure and, in fact americans couldn't have guns and butter. if you will, talk a little bit about vietnam, as a failure of leadership, would you characterize it as that, and is it fair to sort of blame lbj because we can look backwards, and could he have made a different decision realistically. >> the answer is yes. so there's two individuals here that you mentioned, kennedy and johnson, and they're very different, and of course one, his presidency was tragically shortened

eisenhower, the man, began. abilene, kansas, today, a busy and proud town of almost -- is typical of the kind of town that comes to mind with the phrase grassroots america. the mark of the past is on it, but it does not live in the past. its streets and its buildings bear testimony to a living and growing america. one of its newest and proudest buildings is the eisenhower museum, which carries forth the spirit and the history of the eisenhower family of abilene. it is visited daily by citizens from all parts of the country, ranging from dignitaries to schoolboy. inside the museum, the life of dwight eisenhower, boy and man, is depicted in a series of murals. from infancy, that life had the flavor of grassroots america about it. eisenhower was born in 1890 in denison, texas, of parents whose families had migrated to pennsylvania from europe, advanced to the american midwest. young eisenhower's parents lived in abilene before his birth, and it was to abilene, once the wild town at the end of a chisolm trail, now a

and there is eisenhower with the very famous eisenhower jacket which was shorter and cut off at the waist. the other thing i want you to look at is how young some of these soldiers are. the two on the outside of this grouping look very young. it is a reminder that these soldiers going on the invasion the next day, a lot of them were just kids. that is reflected here in this sculpture. then, behind them, there is a release that is 15 feet high and 30 feet long. on that is carved, an approach to normandy park you will see on the top right, the normandy coast line, the cliffs, the americans were going in at omaha and utah beaches and omaha had some very high bluffs they had to overcome. you will see some of the landing crafts approaching. this also was done by the sculptor and, it was done in italy. it also is spanish limestone. then, there is a giant lentil that sits askew on top of the bas-relief. that message was from the d-day address that every soldier, airmen and seamen was given on d-day. this is one of the very famous sentences. the free men of the world are marching to victory. thes

eisenhower certainly did that. but managing the crises so that they don't become worse is actually a huge part of the cold war presidency. and i think eisenhower managed to do that very well, staying out of indo china. he did use the nuclear threat in taiwan with china. but nonetheless managed to avoid serious expansion of conflict, which the american public were very grateful for because they hated the korean war. they were delighted that he got out of the korean war in 1953. they had been at war since 1941. the country did not want that kind of conflict, and eisenhower gave them peace, which they definitely wanted after a decade of conflict. stan: before i go any further, i should tell our audience that as you are listening to this, if you have questions, if there's something that sparks your interest that you want to know more about, please submit those. when we get to the end of the program, will and i will take questions. will, i want to quote from your book because you mention presidential crises, a moment of

let's take it one step further for eisenhower. you wrote i quote again, between 1945 1961, no person dominated american public life more than eisenhower. eisenhower expanded the power and scope of the president century warfare state and put into place a long term strategy designed to wage and win the cold war unquote. so describe if you will, what you mean by extending the warfare state and what was the strategy? truman said laid the foundation for the agencies that would carry out the cold war, you give eisenhower i think the credit for ultimately setting in place the strategy that ultimately wanted. describe for audience with that? was >> it was peace through strength. eisenhower did build out the infrastructure to wage the cold war. but i mean it was in the eisenhower power, 53 to 61 that the tools were actually designed and built to to contain soviet power and deter the soviets. i'm talking about the nuclear infrastructure. and the eisenhower power they deployed thousands of new missiles, with intercontinental range, so that n

the eisenhowers were pacifist, and eisenhower who fought in the civil war, made ike's uncle, abraham lincoln, eisenhower, wanted to express their views but they were conscientious objectors. imagine, the family feelings when ike goes off to west point because he can't wait for his younger brother to put him through college. >> host: the meeting of khrushchev, i don't think many people know about this. talking about distinctions during the cold war, capitalism versus socialism or communism. >> guest: he says in the speech at the commonwealth club it is really about openness, democracy versus authoritarianism and it is about a free and open society as opposed to a closed secretive society and i thought that was intriguing. >> host: a lot of times to fight the enemy that is perceived to become like the enemy closing off and becoming secretive, - >> guest: if i could add something about this picture. in 1959, even though they are smiling the united states has been thrown into the berlin ultimatum, khrushchev is threatening the united states. over berlin, turned into war, there would be n

you aren't going to be electing eisenhower because the eisenhower had a heart attack and so on. the same thing is going on today in the democratic party. people are saying biden will never be president for more than a month or two so you are really electing kamala harris. i found it interesting that could be thrown out of people. >> course i'm not going to speculate on whether there's a difference in approach but i was very conscious of what it would the to be a diminished president. we have to remember president wilson was almost a scandal that people in the country didn't know how ill that president was. ike was determined not to find himself in that situation for the good of the country and after he had three bullets during his presidency and after each one of them he would give himself a very arduous test like an around the world trip or chipped a europe that required lots of stress and the would tell his advisers if i don't perform at the top level you have to tell me the good son i will resign. in any case that never happened. he became actually rather adroit at managing h

i mean, eisenhower conquered europe. he approved himself many times and it gave him this kind of confidence that he didn't need to show up. he was intentionally sometimes inarticulate. as you said, there's a famous story, oh, i'll just confuse them. he didn't need to seem cool because he was cool. he had been through so much that he knew when to talk and when to shut up. and he knew when to play it close to his chest, which every president has to do. it's an unbelievably lonely job and of course the desire is to be out there and to be seen by everybody. eisenhower understood the loneliness of command. after all, he had given the order to the allies to go on d-day. very tough call. he held this kind of pressure in himself and it damn near killed him. his stomach was ripping him up. his heart was ripping him up. but he knew how to control his emotions. he had an enormous temper, he kept it, he had a big ego. he controlled it. he knew how to control himself in a way that projected as humility. and that is a wonderful thing

but it wasn't until eisenhower was president that actual legislation was passed. the interstate highway act of 1956. ike really lobbied very hard for that to be passed, and he considered that one of his major accomplishments. so the bill passed in 1956, and construction started pretty soon after that. >> you know, as i look at these tires, i mean, they really look so thin. i'm wondering how they were able to sustain the weight of the vehicle, the truck, and also the journey from washington to san francisco. >> well, it's interesting. frank -- a man by the name of frank seberling, the ceo of goodyear, rode a fairly significant part of this trip along with the convoy and i think he learned a lot. he later wrote that he learned a lot about the need for better tires so i think better tires came out of, as a consequence out of this trip. just as so many other things became a consequence of this trip. >> now we're heading even further west, past the rockies, in utah, and as this film depicts right now, they are going very slowly. >> they are. that was -- i've been on th

i am not blaming mimi eisenhower -- mamie eisenhower for that, but clearly nobody became a custodian of it. jackie kennedy was incredibly eisenhower and would be to all first ladies afterwards. she would visit with lyndon johnson and lady bird that she was friends with, but later she became friendly with nancy reagan and would visit. she believed very much incivility and that all the first ladies needed to be in their special club, if you like. david: when she got her tour right before the inauguration did she me eisenhower, come back and say it looks wonderful, or did she say, maybe we could fix it up a little bit? dr. brinkley: maybe we could fix it up a little bit. tour. underwhelming, the and i say that in a way that jackie kennedy was not putting mamie eisenhower down or grandstanding that i come from wealth and i can make the white house look beautiful, she thought this should be repaired as a people's house as a repository for u.s. history. she thought the arts and furnishings needed to be upgraded and the objects in the white house should be administered by the smithsonian in

when i hear cap david you think of dwight eisenhower. when i hear rose garden i think of jacqueline kennedy's efforts. i am uncertain what melania trump has decided on that at this time but anything that beautifies the rose gardens whether it is michelle obama's organic thing or planting vegetables and the like, i approve of that and approve of making the rose garden a special place. >> one of her close friends was married to paul mellon, and she was an expert horticulture, and she asked if she would help design if she would help redesign -- the rose garden. show less text >> if you could both have lunch with ms. kennedy today and ask her about her legacy do you think she would be surprised at what she put in place and it still has the impact that it does today? >> doug? >> i do not think she would be surprised. that interview what we are talking about the ratings bonanza of all time in the public interest that took place in the white house and her work, it became a big part of her legacy, just like lady bird johnson moved for a highway

a spin was given to the presidents cabin by president eisenhower, warning the tree for miss eisenhower's native colorado. that is how it became a has been lodge. mrs. nixon, like in the white house, who was and heralded in the extraordinary work and legacy there. transforming some of the french influence to the greek american influence. quite a bit at camp david as well, they grew the facilities, the heat of the swimming pool. just as other amenities have been added. eisenhower did the three hole, at the golf course. there other recreational things. mrs. nixon the quite a bit, mrs. bush, i love some of the things that she did. bringing the directors to the presidential library to camp david. all of the bosses, but none of them have seen it. so our day there, having lunch, and understanding the place was very important. she also, another wonderful touch that she had, she had pictures collected all while the world leaders that there has been has been with, back to fdr, and put this in places all around camp david. at a really nice legacy piece that you could take advantage here in your sto

first we get to meet mimi eisenhower. this is her gallery. we tell the story how she was a traditional housewife from the 30s, 40s and 50s but she was quite progressive. she was a woman of her time. she believed if you as a woman needed to work outside your home that was great if you needed to do that she supported you. she also understood that her role was as a partner to hike eisenhower. in the military spouse played a large part of the service members officer success. so she admitted she was his partner. in this gallery we talk about how she used fashion to express herself but she also had a lot of charitable work that she was interested in and quite frankly, she was interested in the quality. in fact, she desegregated the white house eggroll for all citizens. >> you can watch the entire program sunday at 8:00 p.m. eastern here in american history tv on c-span 3. >>> at noon august 9, 1974, richard nixon resigned his office and gerald ford was immediately sworn in during a solemn ceremony in the white house. next on real america, a time to

eisenhower famously said the proudest thing that i can say is that i am from abilene. he was a small town kansas boy who served western democracy and led the nation for eight years with peace and prosperity. i too came from a small town in kansas. how did this boy from holton, kansas, become the longest serving member in kansas city. like father, like soon. i graduated from k state with a journalism. my dad saw -- i was joined in peace time -- i joined in peacetime and served on okinawa and was part of the first marine contingent to serve to iwo jimma. i dropped everything and drove to washington when senator frank carlson asked me to come and work for him. within weeks of leaving phoenix, i was the chief of staff for senator carlson, a highly respected senator who made his mark on kansas city as the only person to serve our state as congressman, governor, senator, u.n. delegate and the founder of the national prayer breakfast. life changed dramatically at that time. i always thought a bachelor was a man who did not make the same mistake once. then into my life came a

and assist eisenhower, you've got to take care of this. this is inhumane, this is impossible, this is un-american. and eisenhower goes to work. >> you mentioned before, i want to move to the cold war aspect of this. and could you say a little bit more about the sort of soviet interest in this whole situation. how does it look from moscow. as they're lookingat this problem and how does it drift into the beginning stages of the cold war from the east ? >> the soviets know that large numbers of collaborators have escaped from the east, have escaped from the baltic nations. belarus, from the ukraine. and made their way into germany. and you know, in the book i tell many stories of war criminals and collaborators who throw away their uniforms and all the papers that they have and find their way into the displaced persons camps. once in the displaced persons camps they then passed, they had been farmers, they had been factory workers. the soviets know and the polls know and the yugoslavs know that there are these war criminals there and they wan

and after a 21 year effort we did just that with the help from bob dole, jim baker, susan eisenhower, the eisenhower family, and sender lisa murkowski who kept the ike commission gng to these tough years. finally we n have an appropriate if not stunning memorial to the kansan who saved western democracy in world war ii and lead america onto the worldld stage. with a final dedication of the dwight davidisenhower memorial at the end of my senate career it is a full family circle accomplishment. if my dad helped elect ike the least i could do is lead the effort to make it memorial on the mall to great general and president a reality. in the homecoming address eisenhower famsly said the proudest thing that i can say is that i am fm abilene. he was a small-town kans boy who saved western democracy, led the nation for eight years with peace and prosperity. will i to come from a small town in kansas. so how did this boy from holton kansas become the longest-serving member of congress and kansas history. ke father like son. i graduate from k state with a degree in journalism. my fathe joined

eisenhower got popular for cap david -- camp david. eisenhower had a heart attack and would go golfing and flyfishing bridge he was not really a creature of the white house culture. in the age of television, the 1950's, no one had ever seen the white house and what it was like. aw suddenly, everyone was weing and gazing as she led a guided tour. because of her children born so close together, and she was a mother, you felt this intimacy that you are seeing by the kennedys lived. this new era of 1960's ,elevision, anything kennedy they pioneered the press conference. those got high ratings rate our space with alan shepard or john glenn got bonanza ratings. cbs news was only 15 minutes. nbc was only 15 minutes of nightly news. when the kennedys took the white house, they expanded it to the 30 minute nightly newscast because the kennedys were good copy. got covered. races time where moment in the country was enjoying the fact that 15 years since world war ii had ended that the kennedys were this young couple with young kids and the fact t

he has been devoted to as chairman of the eisenhower memorial commission. he is one of the few members of congress who can actually say he met president eisenhower. at the dedication senator roberts remarked that eisenhower understood one person's ably to chart his or her course and change the course of the world. that is something that senator roberts has done, often in a quiet manner. i have really admired the way he worked across the aisle with senator stabenow every day, they didn't always agree on everything but they found common ground. i got to work with him on a number of issues, ensuring that our wheat growers would get relief during the cares program and making sure that farmers would be able to acquire equipment and protecting science and research. when i think about the legacy that chairman roberts will leave, i think about the investments in science and research through the creation of the food and agriculture research and the national bioand agriculture -- bioagriculture facility. it will help today's farmers and ranchers tackle the many chall

pat roberts deserves great credit for the eisenhower memorial and i've been aund this issue for a long time an it has been challenging from the get-go and nothing was easy and controversy apparently had fallenly every new memorial on e capitol grounds or on the national mall. oui have no doubt that in the absence of past leadership his bringing pple together and perhaps yes, his sense of humor kansans president eisenhower would never be seen, honored and respected at the morial we now have. he, senator roberts, advocates forolicies he believes in and compromises when necessary and always has a way of bringing everyone together often with a joke ready to ease the tensions when things get stressful. s joke, i always tell them that i saw once again it became the funniest member of congress and you got an award and he always would correct me and no, i'm not the funniest member but thmost humorous number. so many times he's been designated the most humorous member of congress. some of the most important work he's done for kansans won't be memorialized and passed or signed into law here in w

pat roberts deserves great credit for the eisenhower memorial. i've been around this issue for a long time. it's been challenging from the get-go. nothing was easy and the controversy follows every capital ground on the national mall. and i have no doubt that in the absence of the leadership, he is bringing to people together and his sense of humor, eisenhower would never be seen honored and respected at the memorial that we now have. he, senator roberts, advocates for policie that he believes in and he compromises when necessary and ways has a way of bringing everyone together often with a joke ready to ease the tension wnever things get ressful. i used to tell him i saw once again you became the funnit member of congress. he got an award. he would always correct me i'm nothe funniest, i'm the most humorous. and so many times he has been designated the most humorous member of congress to do some of the most important work that he has do for kansans will not be memorialized in the past or signed io law here in washington, d.c. but the change he m

the second hoover commission under eisenhower was more pro forma. are inby that time we the cold war and the space race, and all of those other things. commissions that looked to reform government, results onreat paper, and it is much harder implemented, because life intrudes. couple of: ok, a other ones here. did hoover have a pet, and is that pet showcased at the library? most popular the picture that was requested by hoover shows his belgian police , and it is next to him. hoover's actually had many dogs. when king tut died, hoover was still in the white house and they did not announce it to the public, because they knew they would be inundated with all of these puppies. [laughter] so, the other kind of misconception is that their ,oungest sun -- son, alan ,iving in a house on s street alan had two alligators. that he wanted to raise. , missesot to be colder hoover, who is very tolerant, said no, i don't want those in my bathroom tubs. so, they were given to the smithsonian, the national zoo, and many times you will find in the internet that the

eisenhower got popular for camp david. attackwer had a heart and had been in denver for a while, would go golfing and flyfishing. right. in the age of television, the 1950's, nobody had ever seen the white house, what it was like and nobody had any feel for it everyonend suddenly was gazing as she led a guided tour. because of her children born so close together and she was a mother, you felt this sort of intimacy that you were seeing where the kennedys lived, and this new era of 1960's kennedy -- anything kennedy had pioneered the press conference. scott high ratings and space, with alan shepard and john glenn got booming ratings. minutesngs was only 15 of nightly news, but with the kennedys in the night house they expanded it to 30 minute nightly news cast because kennedy's work their time inen cape cod got mythologized and newport races got covered. whereame a moment in time the country was really enjoying the fact that 15 years had passed since world war ii ended, we were in the jet age and at the kennedys where this y

he's the author of the age of eisenhower: america and the world in the 19 fifties. watch tonight beginning at eight eastern and enjoy american history tv every weekend on c-span 3. >> next, historian william hitchcock on presidential leadership during the cold war era and the cold war is a lasting impact on presidential politics. he is the author of the age of eisenhower, america and the world in the 19 fifties. the georgia historical society and the uva club of savannah cohost of the event, which is one in a series of conversations on the cold war 75 years after it began well. >> i'm sounding with the georgia historical society and it is my pleasure to partner in this program with the uva club

the second hoover commission under eisenhower was more pro forma. again, by that time we are in the cold war and the space race, and all of those other things. like most commissions that looked to reform government, they have great results on paper, and it is much harder to implement it because life intrudes. mr. madden: ok, a couple of other ones here. did hoover have a pet, and is that pet showcased at the library? mr. schwartz: the most popular picture that was requested by hoover shows his belgian police dog, king tut, and it is next to him. the hoovers actually had many dogs. when king tut died, hoover was still in the white house and they did not announce it to the public, because they knew they would be inundated with all of these puppies. [laughter] so, the other kind of misconception is that their youngest son alan, he was secretary of commerce and they were living in a house on s street, alan had two alligators. that he wanted to raise. and it got to be colder, mrs. hoover, who is very tolerant, said no, i don't want those in my bathroom t

eisenhower got popular for come the old shapbgry will camp of f.d.r. eisenhower had a heart attack and was in denver for a while and fly go golfing fishing. he wasn't really a creature of culture. house but you are right in the age of 1950 a's meaning the nobody had ever seen the white ouse and nobody had any feel for it at all. now suddenly everybody was awing she led a great guided tour the first lady you through but also as i said because of her children and she lose together was a mother, you felt this sort of intimacy that you were seeing the canadas lived and this television 960's he hing kennedy was pioneered the press conference ratings or high space with alan shepherd or john bonanza ratings. cbs news was only 15 minutes and were only 15 minutes of ightly news but when the canadas were in the white house they expanded it to 30 minutes good copy adas were and even their time up in high port and cape cod the newport races got covered. sort of a moment in time where the country was fact that 15ng the years had passed since world war in the and we

the second hoover commission under eisenhower was more pro forma. and again, by that time we are in the cold war and the space race, and all of those other things. so like most commissions that looked to reform government, they have great results on paper, and it is much harder to implement it because life intrudes. mr. madden: ok, a couple of other ones here. did hoover have a pet, and is that pet showcased at the library? mr. schwartz: the most popular picture that was requested by hoover shows his belgian police dog, king tut, and it is next to him. the hoovers actually had many dogs. when king tut died, hoover was still in the white house and they did not announce it to the public, because they knew they would be inundated with all of these puppies. [laughter] so, the other kind of misconception is that their youngest son alan, he was secretary of commerce and they were living in a house on s street, alan had two alligators. that he wanted to raise. and it got to be colder, mrs. hoover, who is very tolerant, said no, i don't want those in my bat

general dwight eisenhower's first communiquÉ from air force headquarters, and decent fourth, stated only the damage was done. adding insult to injury, the first real account the air raid came from the germans, berlin propaganda broadcast december 5th gloating over the mission's spectacular success stating the crowded harbor was so poorly protected the german bombers had been able to pick off the allied ships like sitting ducks. the sneak attack which the press dubbed the little pearl harbor shifted the complacency of the allied forces who had been convinced of a air superiority in the area. all told the nazis sunk 17 allied ships and destroyed 31,000 tons of vital cargo. more than 1000 american and british service men were killed outright and almost as many wounded and untold number of civilians. rumors abounded they were covering up and embarrassing incidents, talk of a new german super weapon, and the german glide bomb. congressional concerns over the debacle was understood by eisenhower's announcement that he asked a special senate subcommittee to investigate. rear admiral and maurice

president, i was honored a couple of years ago when pat aske me to serve on the eisenhower memorial commission and a true honor for me and i will say i saw again one of the great qualities of senator roberts tenacity and on a rainy night a few months ago i sat at the dedication ceremony to president eisenhower and watched as america celebrated the great american and great kansan and there is one person who really made that a reality and senator pat roberts and today we say farewell to another great kansas and a great american my goo friend senator pat roberts thank you, sir for the example in mentorship and fendship and your great service and the two senate and the kansas and for america and the united states marine corps. semper fi. >> mr. president i rise today i remind all my colleaes about the urgency urgent need to pass coronavis legislation and people need help and they needed right now. i am glad that bipartisan discussions are continuing and its very positive and many of us are involved in those negotiations andme i commend all my colleagues that are working very hard to get this done

he was there to cut the ribbon for the dedication to the eisenhower memorial. he's been dedicated to as the mission, i know he's one of the few members of congress who can actually say he met president eisenhower. at the dedication, senator roberts remarked that eisenhower understood one person's ability to chart his or her own course and change the course of the world. that's something that senator roberts has done often in a quiet manner. i have really admired the way he worked across the aisle with senator stabenow every day, and they didn't always agree on everything, but they found common ground. i got to work with him on a number of issues, ensuring that our wheat growers would get sorely needed relief, with the program, consistent with how farmers finance new equipment, protecting our food supply chain through investment, science and research. when i think about the legacy that chairman roberts will leave, i think about those investments in science and research through the creation of the foundation for food and agriculture research and the national bio

the second hoover commission under eisenhower was more pro forma. and again, by that time, we're in the cold war and the space race and all of those other things. so like most commissions that look to reform government, they have great results on paper and it's much harder to implement it because life intrudes. >> sure. okay, a couple other ones here. did hoover have a pet and is that pet show cased at the library? >> most popular picture that was requested by hoover shows his belgian police dog king tut and it's next to him. the hoovers actually had many dogs. when king tut died, hoover was still in the white house and they didn't announce to the public because they knew they would be inundated with all of these puppies. so the other kind of misconception is that their youngest son, allen, when he was secretary of commerce and they were living in a house on s street, which still stands and is the myanmar embassy, allen had two alligators that he wanted to raise. when it got to be colder, mrs. hoover, who was very tolerant, said no, i don't want tho

after giving 40ears in congress pretty talked about his career with the work on the farm bills and the eisenhower memorial in washington d.c. after his speech colleagues paid tribute to his career. vac first i think the leadership on both sides for ivthis opportunity to give the pat roberts audio speech. the story of how i got into politics is a pretty straight family path. as a fourth g generation kansan my great-grandfathers on bh sides of the roberts patrick family or pioneer newspaper editors who came to kansas as crusading abolitionists. to say i bleed fourth-generation pnters ink wi be close to the truth. however the main influence of geany public service was my

eisenhower negotiated that one. we have two questions back here on this side. >> referring to the armistice signedi believe it was two days before the official time to stop shooting, something like that, that is why we have the 11th hour of the 11th day and so on. there is a period of a couple of days where all the top generals knew we have agreed to stop ishting here, so my question what is the mentality if we know we are stopping in two days, why do we keep going for those two days and have that many more thousands of people wounded and died when everybody who has heard of the armistice knows it is coming? little bit ofis a misinformation here about the armistice, there was actually even at that moment on november 7, there is an addition of fake news that got published. there is an armistice signed and everyone in the states went ballistic. there was in fact, no armistice. the german delegation was over negotiating with the french, they had to go back and forth several times. it was not until the middle of the nig

eisenhower did that. but managing the crises so they don't become worse is a huge part of the cold war presidency. i think i managed to do that well, staying -- ike managed to do that well, staying out of indochina. nonetheless managed to avoid serious international conflicts, which the american public were very grateful for, because they hated the korean war. they were delighted he got out of the korean war. they had been at war since 1941. the country did not want that kind of conflict. eisenhower gave that peace they desperately wanted after a decade of conflict. announcer: watch the full program sunday at 6:30 p.m. eastern on american history tv. next, author james conroy talks about his book, "jefferson's white house: monticello on the potomac," which examines the physical state of the white house during jefferson's presidency and how he utilized the white house as a social and political tool. they white house historical association provided the video. >> good evening. welcome to white house history

all these buildings surrounding it go back to the eisenhower administration. so it's a way of showing how he was a very influential president in bringing about the expansion of government in important ways. well, the original design that gary came up with was the barefoot boy from kansas. the sculpture was a barefoot boy and this has to do with the final speech eisenhower gave when he came back from the war that he was just a barefoot boy from kansas? and the screens would have scenes of kansas tree landscape, and pictures. well, that idea got thrown out. the screens got reduced down to one and now the screen is the beaches at normandy with the cliffs a -- the statue of the barefoot boy is now over the side and this is over the process of about ten years, what happened. we went from a monument that celebrated the president and the general but above all his presidency to now a monument, which is another world war ii memorial. that's often what happens. you go, okay, where's that original idea that seemed so full of promise by the location? but it's the process

in a homecoming address eisenhower famously said the best thing i can say is i am from abilene he saved roster democracy led the nation for eight years with peace and prosperity. i also come from a small town in kansas so how did this bully become the longest-serving member of congress in kansas history? like father like son. i graduated from k state with a degree in journalism my father join thmarines in world war ii and saw action in oconomowoc and iwo jima. i was joined in peace time to be part of the first marine contingent to rurn to iwo jima on the 15th anniversary of that battle. from marincaptain to editor i dropped everything and within weeks a senator who made his mark on kansas history is the only person to serveur a state as a congressman and governor and senatorn delegate and the founder of the national programs. life changed dramatically at that time tha they did make the same mistake once. [laughter] and then into life came a tall bnde blue-eyed blossom from south carolina. we had been married 51 years and have been blessed wit three children and a grandchiren. i am who i

you think about allen dulles picked by eisenhower. eisenhower is trying to push communist back from to wince it came. and dulles was a perfect fit. that's why he stayed around as long as he did. lyndon johnson picks richard helms, i believe, because he wanted a skilled operator and an individual with a very good political sense to run the agency as the vietnam war was heating up, a good fit there. ronald reagan has pledged to win the cold war and he goes back and he picks his campaign manager bill casey to lead the agency on a worldwide crusade to finally crush communism for good. a perfect match and it's hard to think of another president, other than someone like eisenhower, perhaps, picking someone like casey. and george tenant after 9/11. he becomes a head of a massive counterterrorism organization that president bush has mobilized to lead the fight taliban. tenant almost overnight transforms from a technocrat to a high-powered intelligence operator with major influence in policy. and you can see the connection there between the pr

and there is a very famous picture of david eisenhower standing under the sign at camp david. when we did presidential retreats we reach out to the eisenhower museum, and they sent us that sign. that original sign. that's just one example of the collaboration we do, so that presidential retreat we had artifacts from reagan museum, from the eisenhower museum, i believe from the car to and from bush 41 museum. we are constantly collaborating that way exchanging ideas, helping each other out, with the special exhibits that we do, so in fact, tomorrow i'm going to do another one of these video presentations and it's texas a&m hosting amanda is a tour of the present to libraries in texas. so it will be three directors giving presentations. >> terrific. i know there is a presidential fellow program where number of the libraries move each one of the libraries and wonder when the libraries are open. it's quite prestigious. >> it's their presidential leadership program, and that's a foundation program. thank you for mentioning that. that is actually run by the foundation so there's a s

nixon had served a previous eight years as eisenhower's vice president. known person in government besides ike himself. not to say that he was the best loved, he was not. the main issue in foreign affairs was cuba. the country that had been friends of the united states but one that had been taken over by the leftist, fidel castro. kennedy took a hard line on the campaign, urging american action to oust castro. nixon knew that such action was already planned but he could not reveal it. when the plan to go into fact, it was under the administration of kennedy. that that was to this great embarrassment. the u.s. had fallen behind the soviets in that category, missiles. military superiority over russians. the truth was that the u.s. was ahead at that time of the russians but kennedy used that. supportdidates valve for black rights but neither emerged as the spoken advocate for change. kennedy probably had more credibility and profited marginally in black support. to more theeatened campaign. after meeting with protestant leaders, naturally, kennedy managed to

bobby kennedy serves and the staff of the second hoover commission under eisenhower. the other interesting thing between herbert hoover and john f. kennedy. herbert hoover is the first president that served without any company saegs. hoover never took a dime for relief organizations in the u.s. food admin stake -- >> john kennedy follows that same tradition. he never takes comp siegd sagsz whether he was in elected office and the only other president to follow in that tradition is the current president who has waived his payment as president. >> you mentioned the commission and before i get to a couple of one, can you discuss, did the hoover commission lead to significant reforms? yes. i mean, 80% -- this was under harry truman. truman knew that all of the deficit spending for the war and then for the rebuilding of europe that the government had to dial down its spending levels and so the hoover commission was to find ways to consolidate overlapping services and to provide efficiencies and reduce the overall cost to government. 80% of the recommendations were approved

eisenhower negotiated that one. we have two questions back here on this side. >> yes, referring to the armistice again, i believe it was signed, and two days before the official time to stop shooting, something like that, that's why we have the 11th hour of the 11th day and so on. so, there was a period of a couple of days where all the top generals knew we have agreed to stop fighting here. and so my question here is what is the mentality if we know we 're stopping in two days, why do we keep going for those two days and have that many more thousands of people wounded and died when everybody who has heard of the armistice knows it 's coming? garrett: this is a little bit of misinformation here about the armistice himself -- armistice itself. there was actually even at that moment on november 7, there is an addition of fake news that -- edition of fake news that got published. there's an armistice signed and everyone in the states went ballistic. there was in fact, no armistice. the german delegation was over negoti

eisenhower did that. managing the crises so they do be -- they do not become worse is part of the cold war presidency. do that well. staying out of indochina. he didn't use -- he did use nuclear threat but did avoid conflict which the american public was grateful for. they hated the korean war. they were delighted he got out of the korean war. they had been at war since 1941. the country does not want that kind of conflict. eisenhower gave them peace, which they wanted. watch the full program sunday at 6:30 p.m. eastern here on american history tv. >> this is american history tv, on c-span3, were each weekend we feature 48 hours of programs exploring our nation's past. >> as part of a course on the american road trip, university of mary washington professor christine henry talks about the history of roadside attractions and her own experience travelling to a freshwater pond in ohio called the blue hole. michael: good morning. for those watching today's lecture, i am michael spencer. i'm the chair of the d