cited regarding outdoor exposure to carbon monoxide, doctor fowler testified that mr. floyd could've had a level of ten or 18% hemoglobin as reflected in the slides disclosed for 13 and that in his opinion this level could have contributed to mr. floyd's cardiac induced death. doctor tobin will rebut this analysis and provide his opinion that based on lab test done at the emergency department doctor flowers analysis does not hold. so, this e-mail being sent at 4:53 last night or approximately 5:00 o'clock last night suggests that doctor tobin may have seen these test results or the test results done and the emergency and there's no indicated that the new test results or that other test results but nevertheless, nevertheless it is our position that these new test results should not go in front of a jury first and foremost and second, if they were, i would be holding for a mistrial. based on this because again, the state had ample notice. finally, your honor, the fourth paragraph leads or reads in his report regarding the size of mr. floyd's heart doctor fowler cited two

it was disclosure that came from the stand during the testimony of doctor fowler. and want to show your honor exactly what it was. it was one of the slides that your honor can see here, if i adjust the camera. and what i'm referring to, judge, is this very last reading here on the bottom where come from the stand and the slide that mr. nelson compared was the statement and discussion that seven minutes mr. floyd's hemoglobin could increase by ten-18%. that was a new opinion. the word carboxy hemoglobin does not appear in 31 pages of the report at all nor a discussion about the carboxy hemoglobin content in his blood. the word, the concept of carbon monoxide was raised in the report but not blood gas issues related to it. it was sort of discussed in the same context of sort of taking drugs through the rectum and other things that were raised generally, but not a specific reference to the carboxy hemoglobin content in mr. floyd's blood. dr. baker heard the testimony, hadot not himself ever requested this nor had the er physicians. to explain that, when somebody is br

fowler cited regarding outdoor exposure to carbon monoxide. dr. fowler received that mr. floyd could have had a level of 10% to 18% carboxihemoglobin and in his opinion this level could have contributed to mr. floyd's cardiac induced death. he'll rebutt this analysis and provide his opinion that based on lab tests done at the emergency department dr. fowler's analysis does not hold. so this e-mail being sent at 4:53 p.m. last night, or approximately 5:00 last night, suggests that dr. tobin may have seen these test results or the test results done at the emergency -- there's no indication that it is new test results or some other test result. nevertheless, it's our position that these new test results should not go in front of a jury, first and foremost. and second, if they were, i would be moving for a mistrial. based on this. because again, the state has had ample notice. finally, your honor, the fourth reads in his report regarding the size of mr. floyd's heart, dr. fowler cited two studies. however, dr. fowler did not cite the mayo study that i referenced in direct-exa

fowler did not really dispute that. he also indicated that it was a lack of oxygen to the brain that causes such seizures. the only difference between the two was the mechanism. did the lack of oxygen -- was that caused by positional asphyxia versus cardiac arrhythmia? as i recall, dr. tobin excluded cardiac arrhythmia as the cause of the lack of oxygen. since he has excluded cardiac as the cause of the lack of oxygen, that evidence is in the record. i don't have to remind both sides that the purpose of rebuttal evidence is not to restate what has been testified to. it's to bring up new evidence to rebu something that came up in the other side's case. as to the hypoxic seizure, that's not going to be allowed. scientific research supporting hypopharynx narrowing will be allowed. lab tests are not allowed to be discussed. dr. tobin can talk about carbon monoxide and the likelihood of a high reading based on environmental factors if he wishes. that was gone into great extent. finally, the reports. he may opine whether in h

fowler? >> no, i'm just trying to read it and process it. >> no, please, take your time. >> yes, that's what it says. >> you had some discussions with mr. nelson about strangulation. you do understand in this case that no one is contending that mr. floyd was manually strangled by anyone, you understand that, don't you? >> oh, absolutely. there was no evidence of manual strangulation and no discussion of manual strangulation. >> dr. fowler, do you agree with respect to positional asphyxia, the diagnosis of positional asphyxia is one that is made by investigation because you won't find an autopsy finding that necessarily specifically tells you why the person is asp asphyxiated? >> correct. the scene information becomes very important. >> you spent quite a bit of time talking about the prone position studies. and i referenced them just a few minutes ago by chan and others. let me ask you a couple other questions just about those studies to try to correlate them to this case. is it true, dr. fowl

fowler. such is not the case. i still maintain that there are risks -- [ inaudible ] >> i'm reading what it says. >> what's the question? >> the question is simply exploring what it is that dr. rey, in fact, said on the issue of whether he retracted this statement. >> make sure this question after each portion as to whether it's true. >> mr. blackwell, would you join us on a side bar? >> yes. yes, your honor. >> they're currently in a side bar right now. they're talking about, i believe, some of the references to another expert in another research study and what that expert may or may not have said or pulled back on. they're in a side bar. let's bring in -- you know what? the side bar is over. let's go right back into the trial. >> reask the question just so we're clear. >> yes. sorry, your honor. >> so, dr. fowler, i would like to explore with you dr. rey's response on the question of whether he retracted his statements of concerns about positional asphyxia as related to the prone position. did dr. rey say, as yo

doctor fowler, good afternoon. >> good afternoon, sir. i would like to say that i have a few questions for you but i have more than a few. let me start with some basic questions by way of background. as an expert witness. do you agree that as an expert witness, you should be objective, fair and impartial as best you can? >> yes, i would agree. >> do you agree that in the background research you do to testify that you should be thorough? >> yes. and maybe you should do your homework before you arrive at your opinions, fair enough? >> yes. i asked that question in part because you were asked a question about mr. chauvin's weight and you understand the relevance of his weight to this case is how much weight he was putting onto the body of george floyd. you understand that, don't you? you told the jury his weight was 140 pounds, didn't you? >> that is the information i was provided. >> where did you get this information provided? >> from council. a. >> and the information provided to you, were you not told that mr. chauvin was wearing equipme

fowler. really giving him the walk back, some of the claims you saw in that direct examination. to remind our viewers, you heard dr. fowler say in terms of the manner of death, he would have ruled it undetermined. it would have been undetermined manner of death. the manner of death ruled by the medical examiner here in hennepin county was a homicide. the cause of death was a sudden cardiac arrhythmia due to george floyd's heart disease during the restraint and subdueal and restraint. you heard him going against the idea this was action fictiona or hypoxia. you hear the prosecution and attorney jerry blackwell there, going after and questioning him on that, asking, for example, did you know the full weight of derek chauvin when he was over george floyd? it was not only his body weight but also his gear. dr. fowler saying he did not measure or add the gear in his measurements there. you're seeing that aggressive cross examination as the defense presents a witness that is poking holes in what th

fowler, dr. fowler ruled his death to be an accident rather than asphyxia, which other medical professionals said it clearly was. that's what we're facing and seeing in the courtroom. this is again, part of the defense doing what they can to introduce as much doubt as they can in this case against derek chauvin. >> joyce vance, will the prosecution on redirect be able to bring up that anton black case in baltimore or will that be ruled out by the judge? can you bring it up because he is an expert witness or not? >> so, the prosecution when they cross-examine this expert, they can test his credentials. they can look into whether or not he has bias. this is a civil lawsuit brought by the family that hasn't been decided yet. so the judge won't permit speculation about that particular lawsuit. but we can't really evaluate how successful a witness is until we see how they stand up on cross-examination, and so the thrust of the prosecution here will be to try to elicit testimony from this expert that s

david fowler. he gave his professional opinion on the cause of death. >> he would have the toxicology, the fentanyl and methamphetamine. there is exposure to a vehicle exhaust, so potentially carbon-monoxide poisoning. or at least, an effect from increased carbon monoxide in his bloodstream. and p paraganglioma. he's got significant-natural disease. certainly, the heart. paraganglioma, you can certainly consider is it as a potential-exacerbating process but i wouldn't put it at the top of the list there. so he's got a mixture of that. and then, he's -- he is in a situation where he's been restrained in a very stressful situation. and that increased his fight-and-flight-type reaction. and that would, during restraint, would be considered a homicide. and you put all of those together. it's very difficult to say, which of those is the most accurate. so, i would fall back to undetermined. >> now, if we can -- >> in this particular case. >>> then, it was derek chauvin's time to speak, if he chose to. bu

the aclu of maryland helped brinthe lawsuit against fowler. the group also produced this short video about the police killing of anton black featuring his sister latoya holley. >> it was a by worn camera that basically revealed what happened to him. one of the offics w was morbidly obese actually put his entire weight on top of anton, who was 160 pnds. antowas lyinface down on an incline, which was a wheelchair ramp. u could even hear on the camera that some of the other office on the scene we lling hito shift h weight and he did not. >> one cuff. hold on, let me get it. >> the medical examiner trying to say it was a pre-existing heart condition that caused anton's death is that interaction with law enfcement officers contributed but we have an independent report from other pathologists the said anton died from what is called positional asphyxiation. basically, smothered him to death. amy: that is latoya holley, the sister of anton black, 19-year-old who was killed by police in maryland in 2018. earlier this week, latoya said -- john "it is to

doctor fowler criticised derek - doctor fowler criticised derek chauvin — doctor fowler criticised derek chauvin for not having rendered age to george _ chauvin for not having rendered age to george floyd when he needed it —— rendered _ to george floyd when he needed it —— rendered aid — to george floyd when he needed it —— rendered aid. the prosecution is trying _ rendered aid. the prosecution is trying to— rendered aid. the prosecution is trying to do its best by pointing out factors. did any of the injuriesm _ out factors. did any of the injuries... he said no. however, fric— injuries... he said no. however, fric nelson, _ injuries... he said no. however, eric nelson, the lead attorney, asked — eric nelson, the lead attorney, asked the _ eric nelson, the lead attorney, asked the judge to put his client because — asked the judge to put his client because he says all the experts have contradicted themselves. there have been in _ contradicted themselves. there have been in consistencies on the use of force _ been in consistencies on the use of force and _ been in co

david fowler. he gave his professional opinion on the cause of death. >> he would have the toxicology, the fentanyl and methamphetamine. there is exposure to a vehicle exhaust, so potentially carbon-monoxide poisoning. or at least an effect from increased carbon monoxide in his bloodstream. and paraganglioma. >> in most circumstances, in most jurisdictions, a drug intoxication would be considered an accident. he's got signal disease. certainly the heart. paraganglioma, you can certainly consider is it as a potential exacerbating process but i wouldn't put it at the top of the list there. so he's got a mixture of that. and then, he's -- he is in a situation where he's been restrained in a very stressful situation. and that increased his fight and flight type reaction. and that would, during restraint, would be considered a homicide. and you put all of those together. it's very difficult to say which of those is the most accurate. so, i would fall back to undetermined. >> now, if we can -- >> in this

fowler's office blamed everything but the actions of police. just to reiterate, in chasing, tasting, and pinning anton to th ground, handcuffing him and then continuing to hit him face down ground for at least five more minutes. instead of acknowledging the role of police violence, according to the office of the medical examiner, anton died primarily because of a heart condition. the office complained cash set a controlling cause was his bipolar disorder even though it is a psychiatric condition and sort of absurd to say contributed to death. in the report, they specifically said police force and restraint were not a significant factor. just to be clear, because of that false report, anton's family and the community are still searching for accountability. the professional association for medical examiner for the national association of medical examiners is very clear about what homicide is. it is dead at the hands of another. it is not about culpability like whether the person was acting in self-defense. it is about accurately and truthfully de

fowler yesterday. he cannot mention or go near any of that new evidence that the state just discovered last night, essentially because that could prejudice the defense and really throw this trial into essential chaos. >> the argument from the defense was that the state had plenty of time to come up with this evidence previously. we have gabe gutierrez outside the courthouse in minneapolis. gabe, when this trial comes back into session, what do we expect to see? >> reporter: jeff, as shaq was mentioning, dr. martin ttobin will be a crucial way to wrap up testimony. you remember a few days ago, last week, he was brought on as a witness. as perhaps one of the prosecution's most credible witnesses. that's why they are choosing him to act as their rebuttal witness. as shaq mentioned, he will only be able to talk about environmental factors. eric nelson, the defense attorney for derek chauvin, also brought up that he shouldn't be allowed to talk about an enlarged heart because he is a pulmonologist. the judg

do you agree, doctor fowler, that _ falwell. do you agree, doctor fowler, that the _ falwell. do you agree, doctor fowler, that the position - falwell. do you agree, doctor fowler, that the position on l falwell. do you agree, doctor fowler, that the position on aj falwell. do you agree, doctor i fowler, that the position on a 60 falwell. do you agree, doctor - fowler, that the position on a 60 a is placing a person into a position that restricts the ability to ventilate the lungs or position the head in such a position that it, you can't give the airways open? that is correct, can't give the airways open? that is correct. yes- _ can't give the airways open? that is correct. yes- -- _ can't give the airways open? that is correct, yes. -- asphyxiation. - can't give the airways open? that is correct, yes. -- asphyxiation. andl correct, yes. -- asphyxiation. and at the end — correct, yes. -- asphyxiation. and at the end of— correct, yes. -- asphyxiation. and at the end of the _ correct, yes. -- asphyxiation. and at the end of the day, _ correct, yes. -- asphyxiation. and at t

david fowler: i never said it was a pill. i carefully said i could see a white structure in his mouth. yamiche: for the pbs newshour, i am yamiche alcindor. ♪ judy: as much of the nation's eyes are on the trial of derek chauvin in minneapolis, we return to the debate over defunding the police that george floyd's death ignited last summer. special correspondent charlayne hunter-gault spoke with current and former law enforcement officers about what reforms they believe are needed to improve relations betweepolice and the communities they serve. it's part of our ongoing series, "race matters." reporter: our conversation about solutions is with three veteran police officers. wanda gilbert is a retired miami police officer. she was fired for blowing the whistle on a string of dubious arrest, but was handed a legal victory by a miami jury that agreed she was unjustly fired. eric blake is the chief of police in oak bluffs, massachusetts, a position he has held for 18 years. and delrish moss was the police chief of ferguson, misso

david fowler told the jury this is undetermined. it is impossible to determine -- impossible to determine because of all those factors combined. in plain language, he is saying that the exact meant derek chauvin was kneeling on george floyd's net, these other factors conspired to kill him. anchor: listening to it, we heard from a cardiologist the other day that seemed to give a different description of events. it was an awful lot pick through. i'm curious, we saw al sharpton speaking, larry, going back to daunte wright. you think his speaking out in addition to benjamin crump will make a difference? larry: al sharpton is black america' as pastor and benjamin crump has now become black america's lawyer. every time there is an experience of a lack family dealing with the trauma and pain of losing a family member, it is al sharpton praying with them and it is often been crump -- benjamin crump trying to represent them in court and get a civil settlement. their combined attention to these cases helped raise the national platform and gal

doctor fowler's final analysis that mr. floyd died from cardiac arrhythmia due to cardiovascular disease during restraint by police. other significant factors that methamphetamine, carbon month carbon monoxide exposure and paraganglioma. what role did carbon monoxide player mr. floyd's death? we don't know. he was never tested as far as the vehicle was concerned. we the car was emitting carbon monoxide. the one thing we do know is that it was running. how can we tell it was running? because in the video we watched earlier when thomas lane pulled in the squad car he put it in gear takes a gear puts them park and never touches the keys of the vehicle. the car was running. i have one last point to make. and i should be fairly? with this. a cause that comes after alters the natural sequence of events and is the sole cause that would not have otherwise occurred. let's look at the medical timeline. we know ems was called initially code 2820, 11 seconds ems was stepped up code three. we know ems responded to cup foods at 827, 27 s

fowler to testify for the defense. dr. fowler is no longer a medical examiner in maryland. he is now a professional witness for hire who is paid an hourly fee for his services. dr. fowler went to medical school in south africa, he did a residency in pathology at the university of maryland. dr. fowler is by far the most important witness that the defense has called in a case that is all about the cause of death according to the defense. defense counsel said, in the opening statement, that the defense would be entirely about the cause of death of george floyd. the medical examiner in minnesota ruled that george floyd's death was a homicide. in addition to the medical examiner's testimony, the prosecution has offered testimony from a world-renowned physician, dr. martin tobin, who is an expert on breathing. dr. tobin pinpointed the exact moment on the street after george floyd stopped breathing, the moment which, as dr. tobin put it, was, quote, the moment the life goes out of the body. the prosecution also offered testimony from a cardiologist who explained that george floyd

david fowler backed the defense's argument that george floyd's death was not a homicide. >> all of his injuries were in areas where the knee was not. >> reporter: fowler said floyd's heart suddenly stopped, due to hypertension and heart disease. he also testified that many factors contributed to floyd's death, including drugs. and fowler pushed this theory: >> there is exposure to a vehicle exhaust, so potentially carbon monoxide poisoning. >> reporter: the prosecution swung back. >> do you agree with me that there was no finding of carbon monoxide poisoning per the autopsy review? >> i do. autopsy >> reporter: prosecutors jerry blackwell also attacked fowler's testimony about derek chauvin's weight. >> so you didn't factor in the weight that his equipment that was also on the body of mr. floyd, is that true? >> that is true. >> reporter: and his citing of studies about prone restraints. >> none of the studies went for as long as nine minutes and 29 seconds. >> that is true. >> reporter: fowler is currently the subject of a civil lawsuits in maryland brought by a family who claims he h

and and fowler pushed this theory: >> there is exposure to a vehicle exhaust, so potentiallys carbon monoxide poisoning. >> reporter: the prosecution swung back. >> do you agree with me that there was no finding of carbon monoxide poisoning per the autopsy review? >> i do. >> reporter: prosecutors jerry blackwell also attacked fowler's testimony about derek chauvin's weight. >> so you didn't factor in the weight that his equipment that was also on the body of mr. floyd, is that true?d, is that ? >> that is true.rue. >> reporter: and his citing of studies about prone restraints. >> none of the studies went for as long as nine minutes and 29 seconds. >> that is true. >> reporter: fowler is currently the subject of a civil lasuit in maryland brought by a family who claims he helped cover up their son's death. he died under similar circumstances. >> o'donnell: and jamie yuccas joins us now. and you were one of the reporters allowed inside the courtroom today. we don't get to see the jury, but you did. what did you glean from that? >> reporter: i can tell you, norah, the jury is clearly c

doctor david fowler was a key witness for the defense. here's the latest now out of maryland. >> testifying can be the truth and nothing but. >> i do. it's these comments you see thanks the knee. >> is towards the back in the back. right side of his mister floyd's neck and ways around the front is no. it comes is a way that now have doctor david fowler under investigation. fellow word is of maryland's chief medical examiner from 2002 to 2019 during the derek chauvin trial. fowler was a key witness for the defense. >> and the role of a medical expert on the stand. he claimed george floyd's death was not a homicide. instead caused by his heart condition drug use and possible exposure to carbon monoxide. how would you classify. >> so this is one of those cases where you have so many conflicting. different menace. you put all this together. vpit's very difficult to say which of those is the most. experts said i would fullback. >> to end the term in an open letter from dc's former chief medical examiner roger michell signed by 431 doctors from

david fowler testified that floyd died of cardiac arrest combined with the effect of illicit drugs, not a lack of oxygen >> is it your opinion that mr. chauvin's knee in any way impacted the structures of mr. floyd's neck >> no, it did not. >> reporter: fowler said he would have classified floyd's manner of death as undetermined due to multiple factors including this >> there is exposure to a vehicle exhaust, potentially carbon monoxide poisoning >> reporter: fowler, who did not examine floyd's body, recently retired after 17 years as the chief medical examiner of maryland during cross-examination the prosecution came out swinging >> you should do your homework before you arrive at your opinion. fair enough? >> yes >> you haven't seen any data or test results that showed mr. floyd had a single injury from carbon monoxide is that true >> that is correct >> reporter: also fowler acknowledged floyd needed immediate medical care to reverse the cardiac arrest >> are you critical of the fact he wasn't given immediate emergency care when he went into cardiac arrest >> as a physician i would ag

david fowler. it's the families that have been affected, which they have expressed a lot of concern about a lot of his rules. and the reason why the attorney general is looking at that 17 year tenure is because there's a lot of cases specifically a case of anton black, a 19 year old black teenager who died while in police custody on maryland's eastern shore. and a lot of families, they still feel that pain of injustice that they've told us and they want to they want to see a higher level of accountability to a lot of those families that extends past the police department. >> and professor burkhalter we remember analyzing that testimony on this program. it was really stunning testimony for people who've seen a lot of medical examiner testimony in court and jury the one juror who's been interviewed about this rejected dr. fowler's testimony outright did not believe it, believe dr. tobin completely refuting that testimony. what's your reaction to this review of his work? during the time when he was a

fowler's testimony. though, i should mention, they did not hear about what we learned in regards to dr. fowler's prior controversy. but nonetheless, they seemed engaged. at times, even talking to each other during sidebars. and this was really the defense's opportunity to try and counter medical witness, after medical witness, that prosecutors brought to the stand over the course of last week and into this one, anderson. >> omar jimenez, appreciate it. perspective now on today's testimony from two legal experts. back with us, former-federal prosecutor and cnn senior legal analyst, laura coates. joining us is criminal defense attorney, mark o'mara. laura, obviously, defense is trying to do anything possible to convince jurors that something other than derek chauvin's knee led to george floyd's death. did what you heard today seem credible compared to the prosecution's case, thus far? >> absolutely not. i mean, i found myself saying, are we two hours, three-hours in, and we, still, have not heard any menti

earlier, dr fowler summed up his medical opinion. is significant contributory conditions, i've already got the heart disease and part of one and he would have the toxicology of fentanyl and methamphetamines and fenta nyl and methamphetamines and there's fentanyl and methamphetamines and there's exposure to a vehicle exhausts, so potentially carbon monoxide poisoning and in effect from increased carbon monoxide in his bloodstream and other national disease that he had —— natural. all of this combined to cause his death. live to our correspondent larry madowo — he's in minneapolis. the prosecution accused him of trying to confuse the jury. they got him to admit that to win george floyd was on his front and falling in conscious the derek should have done cpr some form of medical assistance that they did not do. the doctor essentially advanced the theory that the defence has been pushing for the beginning of this trial that the subdural and restraint of george floyd did not directly kill him and they said he suffered a heart attack

doctor fowler went to medical school in south africa. he does his residency in south pathology in the university of maryland. doctor fowler is by far the most important witness that the defense has cold in a case that is all about the cause of death. according to the defense, the defense council said in the opening statement, that the defense would be entirely about the cause of death of george floyd. the medical examiner in minnesota ruled that george floyd's death was a homicide. in addition to the medical examiners testimony, the prosecution has offered testimony from a world renowned physician dr. martin toobin. doctor tobin pinpointed the exact moment on the street after george floyd stopped breathing. the moment which as dr. tobin put it, was the moment the life goes out of the body. the prosecution also offered testimony from a cardiologist who explained that george floyd did not die from any form of heart disease. the cardiologist testified george floyd's's heart stopped only because of the pressure because of his body, from dere

david fowler said floyd died with sudden cardiac arrest and illicit drugs, not lack of oxygen. >> in your opinion did this impact the structures of mr. floyd's neck >> no, it did not. >> reporter: fowler said he would have classified floyd's manner of death as undetermined due to multiple factors, including this >> there is exposure to a vehicle exhaust, so potentially carbon monoxide poisoning. >> reporter: fowler recently retired after 17 years as the chief medical examiner of maryland cross examination, the prosecution came out swinging. >> i think you should do your homework before you arrive at your opinion, fair enough? >> yes >> you haven't seen any data or test results that showed mr. floyd had a single injury from carbon monoxide, is that true? >> that is correct. >> reporter: also fowler acknowledged floyd needed immediate medical care to reverse the cardiac arrest. >> are you critical of the fact that he wasn't given immediate medical care when he went into cardiac arrest. >> as a passenger, i would agree. >> maurice hall appeared in court without jurors in the room. >> i

david fowler. it's the families that have been affected, which they have expressed a lot of concern about a lot of his rules. and the reason why the attorney general is looking at that 17 year tenure is because there's a lot of cases specifically a case of anton black, a 19 year old black teenager who died while in police custody on maryland's eastern shore. and a lot of families, they still feel that pain of injustice that they've told us and they want to they want to see a higher level of accountability to a lot of those families that extends past the police department. >> and professor burkhalter we remember analyzing that testimony on this program. it was really stunning testimony for people who've seen a lot of medical examiner testimony in court and jury the one juror who's been interviewed about this rejected dr. fowler's testimony outright did not believe it, believe dr. tobin completely refuting that testimony. what's your reaction to this review of his work? during the time when he was a

fowler's tenure as medical examiner. joining us now is phillip jackson, criminal-justice reporter for the baltimore sun. covering this story. phillip jackson, what else can you tell us about the attorney general's review of these cases? >> well, what we can tell you right now is that this is in the preliminary stages. but mostly, with dr. david fowler, it's the families that have been affected. which they have expressed a lot of concern about a lot of his rulings and the reason why the attorney general's looking at that 17-year tenure is because there is a lot of cases, specifically the case of anton black. a 19-year-old, black teenager, who died while in police custody on maryland's eastern shore. and a lot of families still feel that pain of injustice that they have told us. and they want to -- they want to see a higher level of accountability. and to a lot of those families, that is -- extends past the police department. >> and professor, we remember analyzing that testimony on this program. it was really stunning tes

fowler ruled black's death an accident and no one was charged with a crime. the wrongful death lawsuit says dr. fowler delayed release of an autopsy report for months and covered up police responsibility for black's death. black's sister, latoya holley, said this week -- "it's surreal that you have two men on the opposite sides of the country that experienced almost the same treatment by two different police officers. the medical examiner, in my opinion, was egregious in the way he finalized anton's autopsy results. now he's being called to be an expert witness for another police officer." the new york police department is under fire after officers were spotted once again deploying a high-tech surveillance robot -- this time, during an arrest at a manhattan public housing complex. on monday, a bystander filmed as members of nypd's technical assistance response unit escorted a four-legged robot studded with sensors, lights, and cameras out of a high-rise apartment. the robot, produced by boston dynamics, is as large as a medium-sized dog and can navigate auton

fowler's prior controversy. they seemed engaged talking to each other during side bars and this was the defense's opportunity to try to encounter medical witness after medical witness prosecutors brought to the stand over the course of last week into this one. >> appreciate it. we'll get perspective from two legal experts back with us former federal prosecutor and cnn senior legal analyst laura coats and mark o'meara. obviously, the defense is trying to do everything possible to convince jurors something other than derek chauvin's knee led to george floyd's death. did what you heard today seem credible compared to the prosecution's case? >> absolutely not. i found myself saying are we two hours, three hours in and still have not heard any mention of the use of force? when you fail to address the obvious elephant in the room in front of a jury if you're an expert, you fatally undermine credibility not to mention other theories of death including carbon monoxide because his head was near an cause pipe without this

according to doctor fowler, thatis according to doctor fowler, that is not true. there are so many reasons and it is impossible to determine what exactly children. doctor martin fowler has also been accused before in another case where he was the chief medical examiner. he has been sued by a black family that for covering up the death of their kid in police custody. all of these things are seen by the community as an attempt to put george floyd's drug use and put the blame on him for his own death. denmark has become the first country in the world to stop using the 0xford—astrazeneca covid jab entirely, citing concerns over possible links between the vaccine and rare blood clots. uk health officials insist the jab is safe, although adults under 30 are to be offered an alternative. cryptocurrencies have ta ken another step towards the financial mainstream as coinbase had its first day of trading as a public firm. the platform promotes itself as a way for investors to be involved in the sector without having to own the individual currencies, which are highly volat

david fowler, former chief medical examiner of maryland. the defense expert witness spent much of his testimony directly contradicting earlier testimony from the prosecution's expert witnesses. fowler testified that george floyd died of sudden cardiac arrest caused by his underlying conditions. he listed those conditions as heart disease and drug use. he also cited a lack of bruising on floyd from chauvin's restraint. >> all of his injuries were in areas where the knee was not. >> alcindor: prosecution expert witnesses have testified that chauvin's knee restraint directly contributed to floyd's inability to breath and his ultimate death. meanwhile, fowler also said that carbon monoxide coming from the police vehicle could have affected floyd. he suggested an object, possibly drug-related, could be seen in floyd's mouth and could have also contributed to heart failure. >> in the back corner of mr. floyd's mouth, you can see what appears to be a white object. >> this object right there? >> alcindor: fowler also said floyd's speech, heard in v

fowler who would not comment on the litigation. unclear whether that will make its way into this courtroom. we'll have to wait and see. the trial is set to resume again this morning and as mentioned, poppy, we could hear the defense wrap up their case as early as today. >> thank you very much, josh campbell in minneapolis this morning. >> ahead, why did prosecutors decide to charge former police officer kim potter with manslaughter instead of a murder charge? should they have gone farther? we'll talk with the experts next. did you know you can go to libertymutual.com to customizes your car insurance so you only pay for what you need? really? i didn't-- aah! ok. i'm on vibrate. aaah! only pay for what you need. ♪ liberty. liberty. liberty. liberty. ♪ i hope the vaccine can get me one step closer to my fiancé. dance on stage. spin class! i can't wait for my patients to see my smile again. to hug my students. to give my parents a proper send off. to go salsa dancing. no. i can't wait for you to meet my mom. play my piano for my f

fowler can see that. from the stand in terms of what a fentanyl overdose look like it does not look look somebody who's saying i cannot breathe my neck hurts, my back hurts everything hurts. you know, you can't win i'm not trying to win. that's not what happens with somebody -- is suffering or dieing from a fentanyl overdose they're completely non response i have and not reactive at all. methamphetamine -- ladies and gentlemen what meth? there were so lings little of it that it was below their piewd pick levels that were given you heard it tha from the toxicologist from mss laboratory that countyer sends off medical examiner pathology not pathology but blood samples too the test for tox he told you it was a -- minuscule amount of meth that was in his blood. then we heard about pills and across gram of the pills i brought out the fact that what they were saying was an pill he was taking in the car. it washe just as lookly chewing gum i showed you before he was in the car chewing gum and started seeing whea

fowler is not a matter of opinion. our disagreement with dr. fowler is a matter of ethics. so we'll have to see how this plays out, brianna. the maryland office has walled off the people who might be investigating this from the people who might have to somehow represent the people who are actually under investigation. so it's a complicated situation here in maryland, but it signifies that maryland officials are dedicated to rooting out any possible concerns there might be surrounding in-custody deaths over a very expansive amount of time, brianna. >> very interesting. we know you'll continue to cover. this whitney, thank you for that. >>> a third night of rocket attacks in israel amidnightly clashes in jerusalem. we have a live report next. someday i'm going to marry you. yes someday i'm going to marry you. someday we'll buy that little place on ellsworth. some days, will be rougher than others. ♪ someday, 50 years will have gone by, and i'll ask you to marry me, all over again. someday. ♪ ♪ ♪ i had the nightmare again, maxine. the one with the lollipop— no, the o

david fowler said george floyd's death was not a homicide. >> all of his injuries were in areas where the knee was not. >> reporter: the prosecution argues floyd died because chauvin's knee was pressed against his neck area for more than nine minutes. they did get fowler to admit floyd should have been helped when he went into cardiac arrest. >> there was a time when he may have been revived because he wasn't dead yet. >> immediate medical attention for a person who's gone into cardiac arrest may well reverse that process, yes. >> reporter: it's still unclear whether chauvin will take the stand. now we should mention that dr. david fowler is facing a lawsuit himself, along with a few others, claiming that he unethically was influenced by police and also delayed autopsy results in the death of a maryland man back in 2018. that did not come up in trial yesterday. meanwhile, in the case against kim potter, if convicted, she could face up to ten years in prison. anne-marie? >> all right. skyler henry in minneapolis. thank you so much. >>> the pause on the johnson & johnson covid vaccine h

fowler's testimony. i should mention they did not hear in court about his prior controversy but nonetheless they were engaged, even talking to each other at points during side bars. for the defense overall this was really a chance to counter medical expert after medical expert, prosecutors brought to the stand at really a critical time for the defense, trying to make an impression on jurors in this final lead up to closing arguments expected to now just be days away. omar jimenez, cnn, minneapolis. >> one question keeps coming up after hess deaths, a police reform the answer? one democratic lawmaker says no. instead representative rashida tlaib wants policing to be stopped all together calling it inherently and intentionally racist, but her fellow progressive senator bernie sanders tells cnn that isn't the solution. >> no, i don't. i think that what we need to do is to understand that there needs to be major, major police reform all across this country. we are tired of seeing the same thing week after we

the defense had more questions for doctor david fowler who by his own analysis determined there were multiple factors that could have contributed to the death of george floyd. >> just a reminder that you are still under oath. >> yes sir. >> doctor fowler, right before the break, we were discussing mr. floyd's heart and the contributions to mr. floyd's heart to his death. did you form in your opinion to a reasonable degree of medical certainty which you thought was the principal cause of mr. floyd's death? >> yes. >> and what was that? >> cardiac arrhythmia due to hypertensive cardiovascular disease during restraint. >> now in terms of the other contributing factors to mr. floyd's death, as a part of your review did you make other considerations to things that may have contributed? >> yes, i did. >> i would like to discuss with you carbon monoxide or seo. you've reviewed all of the videos in the case, correct? >> i did. >> did you pay attention to where mr. floyd's head was positioned relevant to the squad car? >> yes, i did. >> which way was his face, nose and mouth facing? >> facing

yesterday forensic pathologist david fowler testified that his death was a result of heart disease, not chauvin's knee on his neck. dr. fowl ler added several other factors may have also played a role including drugs and even exhaust from the police patrol car. >> there is exposure to a vehicle exhaust, so potentially carbon monoxide poisoning. or at least an effect from increased carbon monoxide in his bloodstream. >> when the prosecution challenged the carbon monoxide theory on cross-examination, fowler admitted he had no proof. >> you haven't seen any data or test results that showed mr. floyd had a single injury from carbon monoxide. is that true? >> that is correct because it was never sent -- >> i specifically asked you whether it was true, sir, yes or no. >> it is true. >> fowler is currently facing a lwsuit in connection with previous testimony. he is accused of helping to cover up the role of police in the 2018 death of a black teenager in maryland. the jury will not be told about the lawsuit. >>> new coast guard video shows the rough conditions where a ship capsized in the gul

. >> david richard fowler. nelson: doctor fowler are you presently employed? >> i am retired. nelson: could you tell the jury about what you did prior to your retirement? >>av i have been full-time in forensic pathology since about 1986 when i first started training in that discipline. and i have been full-time within that discipline 30 some years. nelson: where did you work prior to retirement? >> office of the chief medical examiner for the state of maryland. nelson: do you have any other employment before your retirement or subsequent? >> yes. i would do the occasional consultation case. prior to my retirement and since. nelson: tell us about your education andon background. >> i graduated from south africa in 1983 university of cape town. one year of internship general medicine in general surgery and south africa that is required before you can get a medical license. followed with the year of training in pediatric pathology red cross children's hospital in cape town. then entered a full-time five year training program at the university of cape town in forensic pathology. n

prosecution's contention that that's how he died but we had a defense expert yesterday named david fowler and he contradicted all of the 11 days of testimony that occurred before that 12 days forgive me. and he said that derek chauvin i'm sorry that george floyd died of a heart attack and that might have been in combination he said with drugs that were in a system and also for the 1st time we heard that it might be the car exhaust of the police car mind you he was at the front of the car not the back but that is the defense's contention remember all they have to do is so seeds of doubt 12 jurors have to come together in order to convict him or acquit him and if they can offer reasonable doubt on the defense side that could do it we also had a witness 2 days ago named barry broad who was a police use of force expert for the defense and he was really their other star witness he was the guy who said that derrick chauvinism actually did nothing wrong in holding george floyd down for 9 and a half minutes in cross-examination of that medical expert fowler he acknowledged that at some point when

prosecution medical expert a pulmonologist to refute the evidence offered a day earlier by a doctor fowler on 2 points one was dr fowler suggested that carbon monoxide from the police vehicle might have contributed to george floyd's death this doctor said no no chance of that looking at the numbers only 2 percent of his of his oxygen might have contained some carbon dioxide that remains within the. normal levels and then there was talk about whether whether the windpipe can be crushed when someone's got their knee on it he testified that is absolutely the case dr fowler the defense expert one day earlier said that was not the case so really it ended with more of a whimper than a bang just a little refuting of the defense case but before that we heard a leaven days of aggressive prosecution witnessing megan making 2 points a derek chauvinist knee choked off the breath from george floyd and b. that that is the direct cause of floyd's death the defense's theory which they've been presenting over the past 3 days is that floyd died of a combination of things he had some heart trouble some clogg