it was not part of it practically everywhere right eisenhower went, there to greet him. i can imagine collaboration and they had a collaboration and must have been business like, friendly, they had jobs to do, the interactive as americans. this app i refer to is a tribe of planning a product of very creative efforts and long and very hard work involving this and british counterparts as well. the remarkable confirmation of world war ii presented demonstrated nations to particular a common cause and the face of danger and the name of common values. the story of these men and world war ii bears witness that international collaboration is possible even as they miss declines and our inpatient and involvement in the war in the first place. he issued by dwight eisenhower and the ability to cope practically anywhere western in 1945 and there's an interesting parallel between that and my own father's story in 1944 as he went overseas in december 1944, he was detached intelligence monitoring and he was a liaison between divisions is motorcycle, he was touring the length of the pre

eisenhower was by no means an accident. as you mentioned the air and space museum, nasa, were in the shadow of the capitol and we're surrounded by the voice of education, department of health and human services, all agencies that eisenhower either established as president or played a major role during his presidency. as we get further back, you can take in the enormous tapestry. it's an abstract of the cliffs of normandy liberated by eyes hours troops on d-day. >> and thanks to the ability to create things, at nighttime it has a special sparkle. it's illuminated at night and the abstract art, the depiction of the cliffs illuminate. and they were looking to depict the amazing accomplishments of eisenhower's life and we know him as commander of the allied expeditionary force of world war ii and his role following that as president to keep the world peace that he had helped to establishments if you were going to take a vacation to d.c., anyone across the country, why should they come to this memorial and see it? >> the dwight

there are some americans including some in the eisenhower administration including dwight eisenhower's self who had pretty serious concerns about eisenhower's a communist in the making. but many found him to be quite charming and certainly charismatic. after a few days in washington castro took a train to new york city. from the moment. he arrived at penn station where he was greeted by 20,000 people. he had a grand old time. he went to the top of the empire state building. he shook hands with jackie robinson. he went down to city hall went up to columbia university. having less fun in new york city where the police men who were assigned to protect him. because there are all these assassination plots. surrounding castro and these were reported in the press every day and none of these turned out to be real but the police didn't know that. and castro was completely impossible to protect he'd throw himself into crowds hugging and kissing people with no concern for his safety and one afternoon on a whim he decided to go to the bronx zoo. the press followed federal agents followed the new y

there were some americans, including some in the eisenhower administration, including dwight eisenhower himself, who had pretty serious concerns about eisenhower. mainly that he was a communist in the making. but many found him to be quite charming and charismatic. after a few days in washington castro took a train to new york city. from the moment he arrived at penn station where he was greeted by 20,000 people he had a grand old time. he went to the top of the empire state building, he shook hands with jackie robinson, he went down to city hall, went up to columbia university. having less fun in new york city where the policemen who were assigned to protect him because there were all these assassination plots surrounding castro and these were reported in the press every day and none of these turned out to be real but the police didn't know that and castro was completely impossible to protect. he would throw himself into crowds, hugging and kissing people with no concern for his safety. one afternoon on a whim he decided to go to the bronx zoo. the press followed, federal agents follow

there were some americans, including some in the eisenhower administration, including dwight eisenhower himself who had concerns about eisenhower, maybe he was a communist in the making. but many found him to be quite charming and certainly charismatic. after a few days, castro took a train to new york city. from the moment he arrived at penn station where he was greeted by 20,000 people, he had a grand old-time. he went to the top of the empire state building, he shook hands with jackie robinson, he went down to city hall, went up to columbia university. having less fun in new york city were the policemen who were assigned to protect him, because there were all these assassination plots surrounding castro, and these were reported in the press every day. none of these turned out to be real, but the police didn't know that. castro was completely impossible to protect. he would throw himself into crowds hugging and kissing people with no concern for his safety. one afternoon, on a whim, he decided to go to the bronx zoo. the press followed, federal agents followed, new york city police fo

both eisenhower and kennedy were unwilling to commit, at least openly, u.s. military forces to the overthrow of the castro regime. one of the great concerns was to maintain good relations with the rest of latin america. latin america, latin american people, saw that united states as overbearing, they did not like them on the munro doctrine. they did not like to be in america to backyard. for good foreign policy reasons, it was ruled out that we would have the u.s. military openly go against the castro regime. now, kennedy considered that when it came to the event that happened 18 months later, that was the cuban missile crisis. that is another story. host: what made u.s. officials decide to back this bay of pigs invasion? what was going on that made u.s. officials decide to consider any type of intervention in cuba at this point? nicholas: well, castro was cozying up to the soviet union. at the time, this was in the depths of the cold war tensions, tensions were high. there was an arms race and eisenhower in particular had already acted against what he though

why didn't eisenhower, why didn't kennedy, why didn't they send the u.s. military in, i was reading a thing about the bay of pigs on usa today in las vegas, nevada, and most generals at the time, the cia was not supposed to go in and do military operations. the u.s. military, the d.o.d. was supposed to go into cuba to get rid of castro. >> yes, um, both eisenhower and kennedy were unwilling to commit, at least openly, u.s. military forces to the over throw of the castro regime. one of the great concerns was to maintain good relations with the rest of latin america. latin america, latin american people saw the united states as over bearing, they didn't like them on road doctrine. they didn't like to be in america's backyard. they -- and so for good foreign policy reasons, it was ruled out that we would have the united states military openly go against the castro regime. now, kennedy considered that when it came to the event that happened some 18 months later and that's the cuban missile crisis. but that is another story. >> what made u.s. officials decide t

both eisenhower and kennedy were unwilling to commit, at least openly, u.s. military forces to overthrow the castro regime. one of the great concerns was to maintain good relations with the rest of latin america. latin america, latin american people sawea the united states overbearing. they didn't like the monroe doctrine. they didn't like to be in america's backyard. so for good foreign policy reasons, it was ruled out, that we would have the united states military openlyno go against th castro regime. now, kennedy considered that when itan came to the event tha happened some 18he months later and that was the cuban missile crisis, but that's another story. >> what made u.s. officials decideth to back this bay of pi invasion? what was going on that made u.s. officials decide to consider any type of intervention in cuba at this point? >> well, castro was definitely cozying up to the soviet union. at the ertime, this is in the depths of the cold war. tensions are high. there's an arms race. eisenhower, in particular, had already acted against what he thought w

why didn't why didn't eisenhower's in kennedy? why didn't they send the us military in? i was reading a thing about the they have pigs on usa today in las vegas, nevada and most generals at the time. to cia was not supposed to go in and do military operations the us military the dod was supposed to go into cuba. get rid of castro. yes. both eisenhower and kennedy were unwilling to commit at least openly us military force is to the overthrow of the castro regime one of the great concerns was to maintain good relations with the rest of latin america latin america. latin american people saw the united states as overbearing they didn't like them on road doctrine. they didn't like to be an america's backyard. they and so for for good foreign policy reasons it was ruled out that we would have the united states military openly go against the castro regime now. kennedy considered that when it came to the event that happened some 18 months later, and that was a cuban missile crisis, but that's another another story. what made us officials decide to back this bay of pigs invasion

he belongs to president dwight d eisenhower. it not different systems munication equipment for air force one's i was told it's still a stable safe airplane. in the 1950s, helicopters reliably get but resident eisenhower wanted a plane to fly to his ranch in gettysburg so he asked generals to find him a twin engine plane so they put a bid and the air force bought five of them but the planes we got to see is the last one of the five still flying today. >> back in the 50s, helicopters were not reliably get so eisenhower wanted a plane to fly down to his grandson gettysburg he told his generals to find a twin engine airplane to land on the grass strip that's reliable and safe. >> many of the instruments inside are still original and i got an up close look. so this is where president eisenhower would typically sit, first lady would be here in a fun fact, this is the smallest airplane who ever called air force one and. >> i was his the cabin but he had his pilots often you would see him flying his own air force one plane and today the

this was dwight eisenhower. he had an effective press secretary, jim haggerty, who provided the press the information they were seeking but made sure they did not see the information the administration wanted to protect. they did not want leaks. they wanted a leak free administration. eisenhower did a lot of foreign policy through the cia. there were instances in iran, guatemala, vietnam, that we did not know about at the time but it affected our foreign policy for generations. they are still feeling the effects in iran. at the time, everything was hush-hush and eisenhower was happy. one of the issues that came up was, is the u.s. falling behind russia and producing missiles? so the image of a missile gap developed. some federal agencies were promoting that gap because they thought by scaring the public, the military budget would increase. eisenhower knew there was not a missile gap. do u-2 flights over russia were showing that the russians were not that well developed. he knew the u.s. was well ahead of russia

now, did eisenhower feel snubbed i cannot speak to that. but it shows you that macarthur had a lot of support. macarthur really overstepped his bounds and he did. this was a pretty tense situation. >> was the media involved in unraveling the administration the cia there is one episode with ap picked up information macarthur's headquarters about things was not media investigated it was macarthur doing it pretty openly. he's pretty flagrant about these sort of things. >> give troops from the creators is u.s. carry over the peacetime draft? >> it is a ticklish one. first there called all sorts of reservists. came from world war ii i say look with got a job or not. sign up for five years you have a monthly stipend. you are a combat veteran you do not need to worry about training or anything. most of these are five-year tours are about to expire when aldi said in the korean war broke out and they got recalled to active duty. these were first they brought in lots of world war ii veterans they were really disgruntled. after about a year they broug

eisenhower who was ranked in the middle not too long ago. people thought he did not do much as president, but with the archives open we can see he was a hands-on president. the rise of eisenhower i found particularly interesting. he is now one of the american greats! host: round out the top 10, in sixth place truman, jefferson, reagan, the 10th spot this year, barack obama. president trump coming in at 41st overall, the first year he is part of this historian survey of presidential leadership. edna greene medford, why do this? is it helpful historically? guest: absolutely. it is always important to talk about what is happening in terms of government aid or ship -- leadership. it is important to look at them over a period of time because historians like to view history from a far. we do not like to look at current events so much. if you look at the rankings of these presidents over a period of time, you get appreciation for how they are doing in terms 'of the country -- terms of the country's memory of them. the changes in ranking because of

the plan came up during the eisenhower administration, and kennedy says this is a good idea because eisenhower is a five star general and no one would stand up and say mr. president this is really stupid. everyone was really convinced that, yeah, the cuban people will rise up. that's a great idea. yeah, these 1,500 guys can start a revolution and defeat castro. that's a great idea. no one had -- i don't want to put it on their shoulders and saying no one had the courage to stand up. i think it's more that people were just wishful thinking and everyone began wishful thinking that this was going to be a successful operation. so let's take a look quickly. this is a huge -- limon kirkpatrick the inspector general of the cia did a postmortem after the bay of pigs. it's a massive document. i wanted to pull out big key issues that they identified to show why this goes bad. the first one is interesting. the cia exceeded its capabilities. we have to remember, this is the cia in 1961. during the 1950s, the cia got, let's argue, too big for its britches, a bunch of successful operations around the world,

the invasion will come before eisenhower leaves office. . he calls for a general mobilization. the united states and cuba break diplomatic relations. tension mounts. the moments of armed confrontation between cuba and the united states is near. january 28th, 1961. >> so let us begin a new, remembering on both sides that stability is not a sign of weakness, and sincerely is always subject to proof. let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us fear to the negotiate for a moment. >> there is a breathing spell in relations between the united states and cuba. a break in the tension that has been mounting for six months. in havana, the militia is emo the mobilized. they are sent back to the fields. the leaders trying them to harvest the crops. but in washington, cuba has not been forgotten. in his campaign, the new president has promised to do something about cuba. now, he must decide what to do. but his advisers are new, and inexperienced. he must rely on the professional. one military advice on general, and the joint chiefs, on the cia, which is handling with cuban problems. poli

the invasion will come before eisenhower leaves office. he calls for a general mobilization. the united states and cuba break diplomatic relations. tension mounts. the moment of armed confrontation between cuba and the united states is near. january 20, 1961. >> so let us begin anew. remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness and sincerity is always subject to proof. let us never negotiate out of fear but let us never fear to negotiate. >> for a moment, there is a breathing spell in relations between the united states and cuba, a break in the tension that has been mounting for six months. in havana, the militia is demobilized. they are sent back to the fields. the leaders join to harvest the crops. but in washington, cuba has not been forgotten. in his campaign, the new president has promised to do something about cuba. now he must decide what to do. but his advisers are new and inexperienced. he must rely on the professionals. for military advice, on general lenmister and the joint chiefs, on the cia which is handling the cuban problem, political and m

even as cuba threatened to walk out, president eisenhower in his press conference recalled common ties and interests and left open the door for an easing of tensions. >> by no means do i want to admit or charge that this situation is irretrievable. cuba has been one of our finest friends. we are the ones that have conducted the war. when they got in trouble, we had an occupation. we set them on their feet and set them free. we have had a long history of friendly relationships. we tried to keep our hands out of their internal political affairs. we have not tried to throw out someone we didn't like. i would think that the very welfare of the american -- of the cuban people demand some kind of composition of the difficulties between the american states, including our own on the one hand and cuba on the other. >> cuba's fidel castro arrives in new york, the first in a parade of heads of government. all on hand for the opening of the united nations 15th general assembly. castro appears subdued, unlike the orations he delivers in havana broadcasts, his arrival speech is only a few words. >>

president eisenhower broke off diplomatic relations with a message read by press secretary haggerty. >> there is a limit to what the united states in self-respect can endure. that limit has now been reached. our friendship for the cuban people is not affected. it is my hope and my conviction that in the not-too-distant future, it will be possible for the historic friendship between us once again to find reflection and normal relations of every sort, meanwhile, our sympathy goes out to the people of cuba now suffering under the yoke of a dictator. ♪♪ >> the assault has begun on the dictatorship of fidel castro. cuban army pilots open the first phase of organized revolt with bombing raids on three military bases. two of the b-26 light bombers then seek asylum in florida on the heels of the air raids, landings were affected by rebels at several places on the cuban coast, and the rebellion against the red dictator was on. with the refugee pilot claiming a full-scale army revolt. in havana, the diplomat showed rockets fired from the cuban raiders which he claims have u.s. marking. mea

now is in the cabin eisenhower had pilot fights and, he would see him fly his own air force one plane. today the owners offered rewrites for veterans at no cost. jon: ferry whole. thank you. we'll have more box report in a moment. a broker battle of the sexes in our nation's capitol yesterday, annual burger eating champion ship to winners, molly and dan kennedy both managing to inhale 34 patties in ten minutes. the competitions sponsored by fast food chain z burger ahead of the famous nathan's hot dog eating contest tomorrow in coney island brookland. that's how fox report this saturday july third 2021. thanks for joining us. have a very happy fourth of july. stay safe. we will see you tomorrow. ♪♪ this is life liberty and living. we have governor montesano south florida and senator tom of arkansas. before we get to our guests, let me lay the foundation. we talk about critical race theory, almost not at all about something called -- which

host: roger in kansas, dwight d eisenhower. when it comes to administrative skills, president eisenhower coming in fourth in this year's survey. enjoying the fifth-place position in 2009, and then into thousand the first year this was released, he came in at number six. before that, it is becoming familiar, abraham lincoln topping that list. george washington, franklin roosevelt followed after president eisenhower followed by thomas jefferson, lyndon johnson, harry truman, james polk, james monroe. daniel schoonover -- apologies if i'm miss pronouncing your name -- he said ronald reagan. he knew how to talk, he was a leader, people respected him. these are from facebook says grant is up there, of course lincoln, fdr, carter, and obama. no perfect people but they did their best and put the country first. from gina batterson -- from gina patterson, it will be biden. provided he puts some student loan reform in place. and then grant, who had the sexiest beard. our greatest president who gathered around him, the men who could have

eisenhower is a five-star general. and then no one would stand up and say, mr. president, this is stupid. everyone was convinced that, yeah, the cuban peopl will rise up. that's a great idea. yeah, these 1500 guys can start a revolution and defeat castro. that's great idea. no one had -- i don't want to put it on their shoulders to say no one had the courage to stand up, i think it is more that people were just wishful thinking and everyone began wishful thinking that this was going to be a successful operation. let's look quickly -- this is huge, kirkpatrick, the inspector general of the cia did a postmortem after the bay of pigs. it is a massive document but i wanted to pull out key ideas as to why this goes bad. the cia exceeded his capabilities. this is the cia in 1961. during in 1950s, the cia got let's argue too big for its britches. they had a bunch of successful operations around the world overthrowing governments in guatemala and iran, fixing elections in italy. but they are not jet the cia we know and love to

now, did eisenhower feel snubbed i can't speak to that. but it shows you macarthur had a lot of support. i think as the evidence came out people realize that macarthur really overstepped his bounds, and he did. and of course there's talk about utilizing nuclear weapons against china. this is a pretty tense situation. >> was the media more involved? or was the truman administration see a part of. [inaudible] >> uncovering what macarthur saying? no, macarthur made a public himself. there is one episode where the ap picked up information from macarthur's headquarters about things that he was planning that were in violation of jcs rules. but generally speaking is not media investigation that uncovered this it was a carthaginian pretty openly. he is pretty flagrant about the sort of thing. >> to get troops are created to the u.s. just carry over the draft. >> that's a very interesting issue and i'm glad you raised it is a ticklish one. first they recalled all sorts of reservists. get paid get signed up for five years to get a monthly stipend go

eisenhower did a lot of foreign policy through the cia. there were instances in iran, guatemala, vietnam, that we did not know about at the time but it affected our foreign policy for generations. they are still feeling the effects in iran. at the time, everything was hush-hush and eisenhower was happy. one of the issues that came up was, is the u.s. falling behind russia and producing missiles? so the image of a missile gap developed. some federal agencies were promoting that gap because they thought by scaring the public, the military budget would increase. eisenhower knew there was not a missile gap. he knew the u.s. was well ahead of russia but he couldn't say it did not want to. he didn't want to say these were spy flights. when a plane was shot down, we thought he just crashed. jack anderson went to the pentagon on behalf of pearson and went to his sources who confirmed it was a weather flight that crashed. so the column printed that. couple days later the russians said, we have the plane we shot down and we have the pilot he was sti

tom: you mentioned david eisenhower -- dwight david eisenhower. i remember going to his museum, all wonderful. dwight eisenhower had to fight his republicans to get his vision of the highway interstate system done. how can you fight your republicans? secretary buttigieg: people don't agree much along party lines, but they agree on the need. when i am talking to house or senate members, republican or democrat, they are all from somewhere. this week, during this july 4 recess, they are all home talking to constituents saying, when are we going to get this bridge fixed, why is our airport looking the way it is looking? how are we this far behind on transit? or whatever it is in their district. yes, i do believe that we have finally reached this point of, if not consensus, the overlapn. that's why you had this remarkable sight of the president walking out of the west wing flanked by republican and democratic senators. we have a deal is not the same thing as we have a bill. turning it into legislative text, moving into these processes, there's a lot of

>> and eisenhower was an infrastructure president. we have our highway. >> i forgot. >> so hopefully president biden will update that a little bit, you know? >> um-hum. >> i'm curious who, doug, you think you see rising up on this list and any changes or trends that are happening, especially in light of the past four years? >> well, in light of the past four years, richard nixon and bill clinton have both slipped in the polls and i think it's because their names have become synonymous with impeachment. our country went through two impeachments with donald trump and there's a lot of comparison going on with watergate or the clinton affairs of the 1990s. so they're not rising stars at this moment. george w. bush has gone surprisingly up more, still middle to low but he's gone up quite a few notches and i think it's a testimony to how well he's conducted his ex-presidency, he's in dallas, doing those paintings of immigrants and wounded warriors and the like. kept a low profile but he's beloved in the state of texas. he criticizes trump f

host: roger in kansas, dwight d eisenhower. when it comes to administrative skills, president eisenhower coming in fourth in this year's survey. enjoying the fifth-place position in 2009, and then into thousand the first year this was released, he came in at number six. before that, it is becoming familiar, abraham lincoln topping that list. george washington, franklin roosevelt followed after president eisenhower followed by thomas jefferson, lyndon johnson, harry truman, james polk, james monroe. daniel schoonover -- apologies if i'm miss pronouncing your name -- he said ronald reagan. he knew how to talk, he was a leader, people respected him. these are from facebook says grant is up there, of course lincoln, fdr, carter, and obama. no perfect people but they did their best and put the country first. from gina batterson -- from gina patterson, it will be biden. provided he puts some student loan reform in place. and then grant, who had the sexiest beard. our greatest president who gathered around him, the men who could have

they heard general eisenhower. you are about to embark on the great crusade, the eyes of the world are upon you, you will bring about the disvehicle destf the germany war machine, and security for yourselves in a free world. >> higgens boat allows 36 infantry men to hit the beaches of normandy in 19 seconds, the a -- the bridge to the beach. without higgens and his boat there would are been no d-day. >> the world might have been a different place if not for higgens, eisenhower and the boys on the beach. joey. my thoughts go to the fighting men and wim. women, we often forget what people on home front do. >> they do everything, they are reason we fight. justed levity to this. you and i should both talk about wallowing in moment, higgens and i would say we wouldo -- wallowed on the boat, this that is what america is about, there are so many people, smart, we fight, we win. >> much more coming up in next hour, live fireworks from dc and west point, but now john rich in nashville for his hit song, save a horse, ride a

eisenhower who was ranked in the middle not too long ago. people thought he did not do much as president, but with the archives open we can see he was a hands-on president. the rise of eisenhower i found particularly interesting. he is now one of the american greats! host: round out the top 10, in sixth place truman, jefferson, reagan, the 10th spot this year, barack obama. president trump coming in at 41st overall, the first year he is part of this historian survey of presidential leadership. edna greene medford, why do this? is it helpful historically? guest: absolutely. it is always important to talk about what is happening in terms of government aid or ship -- leadership. it is important to look at them over a period of time because historians like to view history from a far. we do not like to look at current events so much. if you look at the rankings of these presidents over a period of time, you get appreciation for how they are doing in terms 'of the country -- terms of the country's memory of them. the changes in ranking because of

eisenhower i think said the plan is worthless. planning is everything. and the plan is worthless. because the enemy -- >> that's one of the rules too. >> when i say rumsfeld's rules, it is a rule that i quote from someone more intelligent than i am. >> with full credit i want to get in. >> indeed. but it is true. every time you try to do something, for every offense there's a defense. for every defense, there's an offense. there's a constant change that takes place on the battlefield. i think that at the -- we are unlikely for a period of time to end up with the kind of clarity we had in world war ii because of the nature of the world we're living in. it is asymmetric. it is not symmetric. it is ever changing. and it is going to be a challenge for our leadership. it is going to be a challenge for our country. but the growing lethality of those weapons, what president bush was faced with, when he made his decision on iraq, was there was a study by johns hopkins university called dark winter, and if my memory serves me correctly, i -- what the series of experts got together, and the

and eisenhower agreed of nasa in 1958 in support to take that responsibility away from the military. he was afraid of carrying the arms race up into the heavens and he had heard all of these sort of the outlandish plan for the military contractors and defense contractors in space, they wanted to build armed space stations and fighter jets that could engage in battle. he didn't like the sound testify. he thought was a waste of money and incredibly dangerous and so did yesterday. so the success of nasa and the success of a space program that was dedicated to peaceful purposes, that was dedicated to peace as the space act put it for all mankind was critically important and also for the same reason, catching up to the soviets, leapfroging the soviets was important. nobody doubted that the soef's intentions in space were peaceful. >> nobody believes their purposes in space work were peaceful. it wanted to show its mastery in space and didn't want to spark an arms race. and difficult for kennedy to manage. fast forward to the present text, both of them would probably reguard it as a defeat

from the original one that was planted by eisenhower in the fifties. other than trees what's grew on the grounds? up to about a decade ago, michelle obama installed a vegetable garden, fresh produce would not have been the first thing that came to people's minds, but prior to 2009, there had been no cultivation no serious cultivation at the white house for over hundred 50 years. but the truth is money for much of the 19th century, the white house crew a great deal of its own food. as for the first trees, they were planted under madison, and by jefferson in the waning days of his administration. this included cabbage, broccoli, and, i've cucumber, turn and leak. and john quincy adams, later wrote in his diary, about planting blood colored beads, why tariffs, parsnips, horseradish's, and jerusalem artichokes. fun fact, jerusalem artichokes, are neither artichokes or from the holy land. they are sunflower, native to north america, that grows rather like a potato. and adams further mentioned herbs, like margarine, sage, and others run by his skilled gardne

eisenhower and you said lincoln number 1. he has been and also the favorite president of presidents. talk about why listenon -- lincoln gets that honor. >> his writings and his inaugurals and the emanipation proclamation and our civil war. a country divided in two and lincoln pulled us together. his funeral was so dramatic. whether you are barack obama you said lincoln is my favorite president and george w. bush lincoln is your favorite president. he is in a category all to himself. washington of all of the reasons we knowledge. -- know. there is criticism of save owners and washington is number 2. >> bret: the biggest gain from the last time that this was taken. there is grant. plus 13. george w. bush moving up 7 points. eisenhower up 4 spots and coolidge 3. grant made a big move. >> i know you like grant. that's good news for you. you have a great book coming out soon i can't wait to get released. grant is getting better because people were talking about him more. there was a taint of corruption on his administration but we

and the collection that we borrowed it from which is the eisenhower presidential museum only has the collection going up to barbara bush, so there is nothing of hillary clinton's, laura bush's or michelle obama's. next question. >> this is very good. thank you very much. i wondered because jackie onassis is fmous for her pill box hat, and then pat nixon came about, and then there were no more hats worn by pat nixon or bettie ford, and is that the period of no more hats? >> you are very correct. because lady bird johnson wore a hat famously to her husband's 1965 inauguration swearing in ceremony and to hold the bible, and pat nixon decided against it, and she did not want to wear a hat. that was a precedent. i am glad that you mentioned it. only so much that you can mention. but there are so many things that mrs. nixon did in terms of her choices of what she wore that indicated this really frankly independent streak that she was going to do things her way. and actually the hat started back again with hillary clinton, but it was as a sun protector, so it is kind of funny that hillary w

you have liddy bird johnson, then sitting eisenhower, and jackie kennedy, and. jackie commented how attractive mrs. nixon appeared that day at the inauguration in what she called a california style. pat nixon became first lady in an era where according to newspaper coverage that i certainly did a lot of research on for our book there was a wild and radical variety of clothing. women in pants, women in mini skirts, women in maxi skirts which reached the floor. solid colors, but also patterns of all kinds. so pat nixon generally refrained from wearing some of the more radical look of the period, although she did wear a -- kind of a wild patterned dress. but that was actual low for a halloween party at the far right. and then a -- what was a popular sort of beach wear at the time, lily pulitzer, as she's seen in the center there, in florida, with president nixon. pat nixon was described as wearing cheery california colors, or the california look. and one does find that in her wardrobe there is a strong element of oranges, greens, and yellows, cheery colors that she

and the collection we boarded from , which is the eisenhower presidential library museum, only has the collection going out up to barbara bush. so there's nothing of hillary clinton's or bush's or michelle obama's. next question. >> this is very good, thank you very much. i want it, because jackie are -ness was famous for her pill box hat, and then pat nixon came along and there were no more hats worn, either by, at least in the display here, by pat nixon or billy fort. is that the time period of no more hat? >> you are very observant, and very spot on correct. because pat nixon -- lady bird johnson wore a fat, famously, to her husband's 1965, the or integration, it was a swearing in ceremony, when she was the first actually told the bible. pat nixon decided against it. she did not want to wear a hat. and that set a precedent. i'm glad you mentioned it. there's only so much you can mention but there's a lot of little things that mrs. nixon did in terms of her choices of what she wore that indicated this really, frankly, independent street that she was going to do things her way. and ac

but as even as cuba threatened to walk out of the oas, president eisenhower and his white house press conference recall tom and ties and interests and left open the door for an easing of tensions. >> by no means do i want to admit or charged cut this stipulation is a reputable. cuba has been one of our finest friends. we are the ones that conducted the war that set them free. and when take caught in trouble, we had an occupation back in 1908, and set them free. and we have had a long history of relationships and we tried to keep our heads out of their internal, political estates. we have not tried to throw out or anything like that. so, i would think that the very welfare of the cuban people finally demands some kind of composition between the american states and to the unknown on the air. >> that includes nearly every iron curtain nation and russian alive. all on hand for the opening of the united nations 15 general assemblies surrounded by have a security guard, castro appears subdued. unlike the three or four oration that he delivered in havana's broadcast, his arrival speed is onl

eisenhower was not a radical right wing republican. he said if anyone were to attack social security, that would be political suicide. richard nixon and gerald ford were centrists. neither one could even conceivably be nominated today. george w. bush would tell you that there is a line between t.a.r.p. during the financial crisis and trump. and so i think that -- i believe republicans at some level know that they basically lost the argument over the role of the state in the marketplace. now, i know a lot of folks on the left think that's crazy, but from their point of view, government keeps getting bigger and that was a central claim. so, therefore, their anxiety, their political energy has to find a channel, and that channel has become cultural. the republican party as currently constituted right now is far more about having power so that liberals can't have it than having power for a positive agenda. >> it is what the historian fritz carved in terms of the 1920s, the call for despair. doris, you have a blunt nationalism about america

same thing with dwight eisenhower who thought himself as a conservative but 1956, he was the one who said we got to have an interstate highway system. it will help the economy, plus, national security was called the national defense highway act. he said if there was a nuclear emergency, there were not roads to get people out of cities. finally, lyndon johnson, space program. unless we spend $20 billion on space, we'll lose the cold war. lbj in the '60s said, we got this big boom. this is the moment to spend things on housing and antipoverty and education. what we don't have in this era that says keep the deficits down. republicans were that party until the last 20 years or so. republicans said to eisenhower don't spend too much money on highways or nasa and make sure it is done in a frugal way. george w. bush administration says deficits don't matter and we got to donald trump who spent money like a drunken sailor. >> you made great on several points there. something i didn't thought about it for a while which you think friday's rush hour traffic is bad, imagine the traffic when you

in 1919 a young girl -- white eisenhower takes a convoy to explore the lincoln highway from one coast to the other. it comes to the undeniable conclusion they are just awful. some of the routes like pioneer trails that go through mountains and deserts people are saying, how do we pay for this? how do we do this? the first idea was the lincoln highway that was 1913 the first concept of financing it was that it should be privately financed. soon entrepreneur was really the heir to the packard said we need somebody to do this. every 4 cents to a buck, you're not going to his private money. and i am not going to contribute. you're going to need federal funding just to do this. so they don't raise enough money. they get subscribers including woodrow wilson and again think he gave five bucks or something. this is terribly underfinanced but does not really happen until eisenhower becomes president in 1956 the interstate highway act and creates the largest highway i tried inflation adjusted for today's dollars it would bid at least 600 billion-dollar project. now we face at least $6 trillion

i am at the eisenhower memorial and we will broadcast from noon to 2, general eisenhower that the supreme allied forces on d-day having never spent a single day in combat and over here, president eisenhower, one of the newest memorials in washington, dedicated in september during the pandemic, a lot of americans haven't seen it. we bring you more of that interview. pete: so much aversion to the studio that even in washington your back in the field. >> reporter: no comment. we will give you a great tour of this. what was cool is it was designed by frank gehry, the famous architect. way in the distance a 9-year-old boy, young white eisenhower, look at his future so this memorial comes across this entire city block. we have a whole lot for you and it beats being in the studio. pete: stay far away from the flagpole. will: dwight eisenhower born and raised in texas where i was born. rachel: i'm glad you brought up that agent, he is the hero, the border patrol is the greatest humanitarian organization in the western hemisphere. that rescue you saw, those agents do that every single bay, saving

coming up today on the presidency white eisenhowers grandson david talks about like the man and his leadership during world war ii with brian whose grandfather served as chief of intelligence branch in the armys european theater. on oral histories 82-year-old will go into space for the first time on july 20th with jeff bezos. is far from a newcomer. hear him talk about being one of nasa's mercury 13. they never flew a nasa mission. watch american history tv every weekend and find a full schedule under program guide or visit c-span.org slashmac history. >> it is my genuine pleasure to introduce our speaker, our author this afternoon, james banner who is currently visiting scholar in history at the george washington university. gym is no stranger to the washington history seminar. is a cofounder of the national history center, one of its sponsors and is a regular and engaged participant in the seminar. today you won't be able to ask questions, jen. we get to ask them of your. he's a founder of the american association fhe

eisenhower and their four grandchildren accompany them. one of the things that made this anniversary celebration noteworthy, it is the first time ike has used his yacht since his trip to newport last september. a happy outing for the nation's first family. >>> follow us on social media on c-span history for more this day in history clips and posts. >>> ric murphy talks about his book, arrival of the first africans in virginia, which profiles the 20 and odd african who is arrived in jamestown colony in 1619. this group included mr. murphy's own ancestors, the virginia museum of history and culture hosted this event and provided the video. >> today's lecture takes place about 200 years prior to that event in creole n. 1619, a group of 32 african men, women, and children arrived on the shores of virginia. they had been kidnapped in angola and forced aboard the spanish slave slip san juan bautista. the ship was attacked by privateers, and the captives were taken by the english to their new world colony. but this group has been shrouded in cont

coming up today on the presidency white eisenhowers grandson david talks about like the man and his leadership during world war ii with brian whose grandfather served as chief of intelligence branch in the armys european theater. on oral histories 82-year-old will go into space for the first time on july 20th with jeff bezos. is far from a newcomer. hear him talk about being one of nasa's mercury 13. they never flew a nasa mission. watch american history tv every weekend and find a full schedule under program guide or visit c-span.org slashmac history. >> it is my genuine pleasure to introduce our speaker, our author this afternoon, james banner who is currently visiting scholar in history at the george washington university. gym is no stranger to t