kinard. >> thank you, dr. bartee. the theme for today's lecture is going to be about technology of warfare. a lot of our classes we deal with the politics of warfare and just the historical record of warfare, but a lot of it comes down to the individual who is in the field and, you know, the weapons that they were issued because that's what you need for warfare. one thing i found fascinating in research was looking at the early 19th century, in other words, from the years, say, 1800 up until the american civil war from 1860, '61 to '65. this was also a period in the united states of intense invention. americans were incredibly creative at this time. we were really a world leader in inventing just about everything, everything from steam ships to steam-powered factories to the telegraph, just layer after layer of invention, creativity. and in a kind of strange unfortunate way, though, we see that a lot of these inventors started using their talents in inventing weapons. in other words, there was a certain technological

kinard is that he is a military historian.

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jeff kinard. cams, and as the cams go past these rods, these are attached the mississippi law was so bad that it even did not allow black people to own land. if they didn't own land would be forced to work for the whites on the plantations. every legal or political trick. to constrict black freedom and have them working virtually as slaves is what they were doing. black people could be fined and imprisoned for, quote, sudishes speech. and whites, they were not s allowed to own arms or knives or anything. and whites who gave them liquor or arms or traded with them could be imprisoned or fined. it was literally, like, the slave code. regulated black freedom so drastically as to make a mockery of it, right? alex has a question. >> do you think that the 13th amendment, with the exception to, as a punishment, they can use slavery, playing with the black codes throughout the south because they could institute slavery as a punishment and punish blacks for little crimes? you think that played a big part i