the secretary of the state vice president andrew johnson help with the city. always about booth that helped him commit the act and after all, assassination plus, nasties ran who wanted to kill lincoln. and with alone among the would-be assassins had long been immersed in identifying the americans of intent. but today might be called exaggerated method acting right to complain identification was the technique that he learned from his intense actor father booth right there. because become overrun with fellow that he nearly suffocated to death is the owner with ability had people away and another time, he chose his opponent out of the theater and continued to sword fight him in the streets. as the american scholar of acting and of the three, the children became prominent actors. and john wilkes is on the left and general the right and only john, doctor their fathers american-style of acting rated they said that john had more of the native fire and fury of his father in any of his family prayed in john wilkes booth relished violence roles and someone who loved mur

andrew johnson really made things worse. but ulysses grant, and what reconstruction did to his reputation, would have probably happened to lincoln's reputation. grant was pretty much as devoted as lincoln was to the rights, but the problem that both presidents would have encountered. he is intentions were the wrong direction, but the first problem that link kahn would have encountered is that he would not be able to dictate congress the way he did before. and they would not be able to dictate to the south forever. in the south, you can use the army. and the real question is how long could lik con have, and how long can you keep troops in the south. and another way of putting it is how long will the north continue to insist that the south behave in a way that northerners want the souse to behave, and they're going to say we have other fish to fry. and that ploint come sooner or later. it might have, it certainly would not have been a third term. and that probably would have been grant. in a democracy, people get the governmen

andrew johnson really made things worse. but ulysses grant, and what reconstruction did to his reputation, would have probably happened to lincoln's reputation. grant was pretty much as devoted as lincoln was to the rights, but the problem that both presidents would have encountered. he is intentions were the wrong direction, but the first problem that lincoln would have encountered is that he would not be able to dictate congress the way he did before. and they would not be able to dictate to the south forever. in the south, you can use the army. you can coerce people. the and the real question is how long could lincoln have, and how long can you keep troops in the south. and another way of putting it is how long will the north continue to insist that the south behave in a way that northerners want the souse to behave, and they're going to say we have other fish to fry. and that point will come sooner or later. it might have, it certainly would not have been a third term. and that probably would have been grant. in a democr

under president andrew johnson and it happened under president obama first crash in 2016. also, congress has the power to limit the jurisdiction of the court court meets the supermajority. they could tinker with the mandate of the court and so many different ways which is interesting because we think it's protected in the constitution but it's not a congress could change the number of justices reorganize the responsibility. i want to go back to something that john was talking about which is this string starting in the second administration, second term, the disappointment of -- i can ask you both difficult question. who is your favorite child? what's the most significant appointment he made in both changing the course and changing america? ian changing the court and changing america? >> well i have a bias but i think it's well founded in favor of robert jackson well i think was an incredible talent, probably the best writer in the courts history. a case by case jurist. it turned out to be quite a fractious court as roseville began in the late 30s and went on to the 1950. j

it signed by lincoln and andrew johnson we were talking how many times were those men in the same room together but maybe three bucks this is a very interesting link but what it tells us, but this man taken out discharged. the law lincoln is talking about and how does it affect the confederates at the end of the work bucks. >> december 163, we can and should what became known as the plan that would part of any confederate to voluntarily surrender or put on their weapon and quit fighting the union. johnson, when he comes into office, is wondering to what extent lincoln more time rover part of policy and amnesty, is amnesty. it is difference between parking amnesty amnesty. a promise covers almost every line, you can up and take the oath at your current. the pardon is for those excluded under amnesty and they have to apply. the very short version of all of this, a pardon did imply complete protection from prosecution could not be profited if you are issue a part of the question is, at the paroles already served that function or was there going to be a next step, what you follow through w

that happened under president andrew johnson and under president obama for 2016. also, congress has the power to limit the jurisdiction of the court. it could say that the court would need a super majority to overrule the decisions or, i mean, it could tinker with the mandate of the court in so many different ways, which is interesting. we think somehow that is protected in the constitution, but it's not. so congress could have not only changed the number of justices, but reorganized their responsibilities. >> so i want to go back to something that john was talking about, which was this string starting in the second term of the administration going forward with this appointment of eight justices. i'm going to ask you both a difficult question. it's like who is your favorite child. who do you think was the most significant appointment that he made in terms of changing the court and changing america? >> john, point to you first. >> well, i've got a bias, but it's i think so well founded in favor of robert jackson, who was a special -- an incredible talent, a beautif

it is signed by a blinken and andrew johnson, and carrie and i were just talking, how many time where those men in the same room together? right? maybe three? so, this is a very interesting linkage. it tells us that it refers to let this man take the oath, december 4th 1863 and let him be discharged. what is the law lincoln is charging it -- talking about, and how does that -- confederates? >> lincoln had what was known as the 10% plan. any confederate before the rank of colonel can put down his weapon and quit fighting the union. johnson, when he comes into office, he is really wondering to what extent lincoln programed his wartime amnesty. amnesty is a blanket. it covers almost everyone. he stand up and take the oath and you are covered. the pardon is for those excluded under amnesty and they have to apply individually. the very short version of all of this, it did imply complete protection from prosecution. you could not be prosecuted if you were issued a pardon. the question is, had the parole passes -- [laughs] had they serve that function, or was there going to be a next step to

that happened under president andrew johnson and under president obama for a stretch in 2016 . >> congress has the power to limit the jurisdiction of the court . they could say the court would need a super majority to overrule any decisions or mandate the court in so many different ways which is interesting. we think that's protected but it's not so congress could have not only changed the number of justices but reorganize their responsibilities. >> i want to go back to something john was talking about witches this string turning in the second administration, think in terms of the administration going forward but this appointment of a justices. i'm going to ask you a difficult question like who's your favorite child. who do you think was the most significant appointment he made in terms of bothchanging the guard and changing america ? >> point to you first. >> i've got a bite in but i think it's well-founded in nkfavor of robert jackson who was aspecial , and incredible talent. a beautiful pen, probably best writer in the courts history and a case-by-case jurist. he didn't pigeonholeeasily

., marched past the reviewing stand with president andrew johnson and general grant. and he knew, like all of the others who fought to preserve our union, he exemplified the idea that is enshrined in the motto of new hampshire, "live free or die." they knew the price of freedom. they knew that it had to be fought for and defended. and they knew that they were the ones who had to do it. one of the greatest blessings of this country is that in every generation, we have had citizens who have been willing to serve, citizens who have been willing to answer that call and to defend our freedom. as we meet here today, i can tell you without a doubt that the task for which so many generations have fought and have sacrificed now falls to us. shortly after the impeachment back in january, i got a message from a goldstar father, and he said to meet, "standing up for truth honors all who gave all." it is something i will certainly never forget and something we all have to remember every day. this task now falls to us, and the question for everyone of us, not just for those of us w

lincoln and andrew johnson. and terry and i were just talking, how many times were those men in the same room together? right? maybe three? so this is a very interesting lincoln. but what it tells us is it refers to let this man take the oath of december 8, 1863 and be discharged. what is the law that lincoln is talking about there? and how does that affect these confederates at the end of the war? >> so in december of '63, lincoln issued what became known as the 10% plan that would pardon any confederate below the rank of colonel who voluntarily surrendered or put down his weapon and quit fighting the union. johnson when he comes into office, he's really wond erlg to what extent wartime program, his wartime pardon policy is going to -- and amnesty. that was amnesty. is there is a difference between amnesty and pardon. amnesty is a blanket. it covers almost everyone. you stand up, take the oath and you are covered. the pardon is for those that are excluded under amnesty and to apply individually. the short, very

and this will be one of the really contentious issues especially among andrew johnson and grant in that summer of 1865. >> all right. well, thank you very much, everybody for participating. i'm going to have to get back to the issues at hand. and there is so much that we didn't cover. this is such a great book and there is so much that we didn't cover. we didn't cover, what, congressman there maryland, but you love to read about it because it is really great. so will you talk about the two confederate soldiers that testified against them. and we didn't talk too much about west virginia and all of that. and there is so much more to talk about around appomattox and all of that. but you'll need to get the book and the book is "ends of war", the unfinished fight of lee's army after appomattox, from university of north carolina press who we once again thank for publishing this book. and helping us set up this book signing and interview for you. and it is 331 pages. there are illustrations and maps and i forgot to write down the price. but presumably you could go to our website and give us th

he passed the stand with president andrew johnson and general grant. and he knew, like all of the others who fought to preserve our union, he exemplified the idea that's enshrined in the motto of new hampshire, live free or die. they knew the price of freedom. they knew it had to be fought for and defended, and they knew they were the ones who had to do it. one of the greatest blessings of this country is that in every generation we have had citizens who have been willing to serve. citizens who have been willing to answer that call and defend our freedom. and as we meet here today, i can tell you, without a doubt, that the task for which so many generations have thought and have sacrificed, now falls to us. shortly after the impeachment back in january, i got a message from a goldstar father. he said to me, standing up for truth honors all who gave all, and i think that is something i will certainly never forget, and something i think we all have to remember every day. this task now falls to us. and the question for everyone of us, not just for those o

i takes over for andrew johnson, who was i think one of our worst presidents, if not the worst. racist, i won't sugar coat it. not a lot in my description of johnson. but he -- you know, lincoln is assassinated. grant can see that happening before him. and he eventually is drafted to run for president, wins on a landslide. and what he gets done is he pushes through the 14th and 15th amendments to the constitution. he fights the kkk. he try toes keep if country and that really thrilled me. >> one of the most underappreciated. so his ranking in those historian rankings, so eisenhower to hold the country together at a pivotal time. gives him another look. it's over-shadowed his presidency. time in eloquent terms, at the end of his life, he leaves the presidency. we're kinds of going chronologically in a different spot. but after he leaves the presidency, he trusted a lot of people in his time in office. and they turned him a couple of times. that's where some of the corruption comes from. and after he leaves the presidency, he trusts somebody else, part of his family, who he invest

there is another state rep from east tennessee who is young, his name is andrew johnson, he's going places, his future is i guess bright. if you are going to secede then we are going to secede and go back to that name of the state of franklin. what do legislators from nashville do? they start appropriating money to build roads in west tennessee and east tennessee. but in spite of this grid the strengths were pretty much nonexistent and you would have some boardwalks for sidewalks and you would have some transportation but overall living in the city was kind of a dirty place to live because you have chickens running loose, all manner, don't have a good sewage system so living in the city was in some ways kind of unhealthy. that is why people build these houses if they had any wealth and build the houses out like all these houses out in this area the donaldsons built and travelers rest like the overtons built, the thompson's house, the civil war when that house was built but as opposed to being in town. a lot of men kept townhouses in the city and worked in the city but they had a house in t

johnson and his future as i guess right but nonetheless, he said if you're going to do this and we will go back to that name of franklin so what do the legislature horse from nashville do. they start appropriating money to build roads in west tennessee and also in east tennessee but in despite of this grid, the streets were pretty much nonexistent. and you would have some boardwalks for sidewalks and you would have some s transportation but overall, living in the city was really a kind of a dirty place to live because you have chickens running loose, and you have all land, not a good sewage system. so living in the city, was in some ways kind of unhealthy so that is why people build these houses if they had w any wealth, they would build a house out like all of these houses out in this area. the donald under donaldson's build and when travelers rest and then thehe thompson's had eventually, del monte, close to the civil war when that house is built but they are going to want to stay out as opposed to building in town. so a lot of men kept the townhouses in the city and work in the city

he takes over from andrew johnson, by far, one of our worst presidents, if not the worst. racist. i won't sugarcoat it. >> [laughs] >> not a lot of -- in my description of johnson. lincoln is assassinated and johnson aides erasing lincoln's vision day by day. and grant can see that happening before him. he eventually is drafted to run for president, winds in a landslide. what he gets done, he pushes through the 14th and 15th amendments to the constitution. he fights the kkk with federal troops. he keeps the country together with peace after the war. and to be able to dig in and tell that story, it's the contested election of 1876. >> i get the sense that you feel like grant was one of the most underappreciated presidents. >> -- his ranking in those historian rankings has gone up 13 spots in recent years. that's before my book. >> [laughs] >> eisenhower went up five spots. i think in this day in age, when we are in such a partisan divide, and everything that we talk about with race -- looking back at all that he did to hold the country together, and a really pivotal time -- it give

the judge is right on this one, treason must be made odious as andrew johnson said with the civil war. the charges fit the crime, not trespassing and obstruction of conspiracy to submit insur insurrection, solidified by the passage of laws like reform of the electoral count act to make sure that nothing like this plot can ever be pursued again. rewriting history to protect the guilty was a civic sin, fear and greed in pursuit of short term political gain where we're seeing play out right now, the fever of the big lie will break only when republicans realize that it is a deal with the devil that leads to political defeat. that's your reality check. >> rewriting history is one of the biggest symptoms of totalitarianism, something that should alarm perfect >> that's right. >> john avlon, thank you very much. >>> some new york city fire companies shut down, the companies not the firehouses but the companies have been shut down over staff shortages. what will happen later today when a vaccine mandate goes into effect. >>> southwest airlines is investigating a pilot for what he said over th

johnson and, of course, under president obama for a stretch in 2016. >> and also congress has the our to limit the jurisdiction of the court. i mean, it could say that the court would need a supermajority to overrule any decisions or, i mean, they could tinker with the mandate of the court in so many different ways which is interesting. we think somehow that's protected in the constitution, but it's not. so congress could have not only changed the number of justices, but reorganized their responsibilities. >> i want to go back to something that john was talking about which was this -- in the second administration, second term of the administration, the disappointment of eight justices. i'm going to ask you a difficult question. who's your favorite child, of those eight, who do you think was the most significant appointment that he made in terms of changing the court and changing america? >> john, to you first. [laughter] >> i've got a bias, but it's, i think, well founded in favor of robert jackson who i think was a special, an incredible talent, a beautiful pen, probably the best wri

once president andrew johnson vetoed the civil rights act of 1866, as well as the reauthorization, and it became clear to republicans that this was not a sure thing, we better take measures to prepare for a future if we cannot depend upon our own republican president to carry out our mission, we had better put this in the constitution so it can never be dislodged. bingham was the leader of that effort within the republican party. host: you write in the book that soon after its passage congress and the courts began misinterpreting the meaning of the 14th amendment. why did this happen? >> [crosstalk] evan: go ahead, i have talked for too long already. randy: we can only speculate as to why because this goes to motives and they did not say what their motives were. i would say the most benign motive to attribute to the court is this was a radical change, or a fundamental change, in our federalism. many of our republican justices, because it was being undermined by justices appointed by abraham lincoln and president grant, many of these republicans wanted to see a return to the federalism

johnson through abraham lincoln and the most despised american president but then we consistently pay for the historian rankings is at the bottom lincoln is usually number one or two now luckily i read the description from the one that i have sent before preparing my remarks today and i realized i was supposed to talk about lincoln when the most beloved presidents around the globe not just the united states. of course this was not the case when they hit president in 1860 he remains the only president in american history that has half the states in the republic to secede and inaugurated that blood he civil war claiming lives but just that fact alone wins the most despised category of us president. but abraham lincoln was not an abolitionist to believe in the immediate abolition of said line of slavery and i should say before i continue slight i am showing right now is an excerpt from south carolina that shows or announces the union has been dissolved south carolina and seeded from the union one month after lincoln was elected followed by other deep south states so he was not an aboliti

for some reason what i was supposed to speak about andrew johnson, lincoln's successor, rather than abraham lincoln. when one thinks of the most despised american president, one usually does not think of lincoln. but presidents like johnson, lincoln is usually in contention for spot number one or two. luckily i read the description again before preparing my remarks today. and ii realized that i was supposed to talk about lincoln. arguably, onein of the most beloved american presidents not just in the united states but around the globe. now, this of course was not the case when lincoln was elected president h in 1860. he remains the only president in american history whose election causedri nearly half of the stas in the republic to cecede and cause a bloody war that claimed nearly 100,000 american lives. abraham lincoln was not an abolitionist. that isse a person who believedn the immediate abolition of black slavery before thedi war. and i should say before i continue that the slide that i'm showing right now is from south carolina that announces that the union has been dissolved. south ca

johnson langley merkel says the con, restrictions don't go far enough. the health ministers urging more citizens to get vaccinated if you had them in the thesis been to us probably by the end of this winter. pretty much everyone in germany at some time being said so much cynically. what has been vaccinated recovered or died? but it's true with a highly contagious delta variance. this is very, very like the i'm sticking into francis present emanuel. my cross says riot spock by cove 19 restrictions in the french overseas. department of guadalupe have created an explosive situation. his government has sent special forces to the caribbean to end the unrest have been nightly protest there for nearly a week as well as a strike against compulsory cove in 1900 passes. and the u. s. the government says 90 percent of federal employees haven't had at least one dose of the co with 19 vaccine. now. president joe biden announced the vaccine mandate in september, nearly all of the 3500000 employees have met monday deadline. employees who remain on vaccinated could face

andrew, the case urging countries to step up, are they well, that remains to be seen boys, johnson, the u. k. prime minister has travelled up to glasgow by train this time, not the private jet that used to leave the conference or last week for to attend to business in london. he will be addressing everyone later on. he says, there are some bridges to cross. he says people do need to step up. let's look at just some of the highlights or you mentioned a few of the points in your introduction. the issue is the fossil fuels which has been clearly identified as a major issue in this draft document that's not normally the case is not detailed. that's rather inflamed emotions were particularly with the fossil fuel nations like saudi, for example. um, there is an agreement here that will be an annual look at emissions and there would be within a year, countries would have to come back to the table and renegotiate those levels. and in 2030, i'm sorry, in 2022 a. so we're talking 2 years time, heads of state would come back. so we're talking here about annual reviews rather than 5 year reviews th

governor andrew bailey said it was a very close call. is governor bailey the unreliable boyfriend to point out? we will discuss that -- boyfriend 2.0? we will discuss that. we are going to hear from the bank's new -- from credit suisse's new chairman. words from herbert diess that he's worried about their future. the company opening up a plant outside berlin. the vw ceo

i mean the macro and spoke with boris johnson, the british prime minister on wednesday night, the reader from the u. k. side of things with the bars. johnson described itself as shocked upholden, deeply saddened by what he described as the disaster, but nevertheless, the finger pointing continue as far as john's thank. we've had difficulty in persuading some of our partners, particularly the french, to do things in a way that we believe that the situation demands. so it's clear that the british don't believe that the french are taking the situation seriously enough to prevent those migrants actually setting to see in the 1st place. but there are questions about the british government's approach to all of this as well. home secretary pretty patel is taking the rather prosecutorial approach to this. saying that anybody who comes here will be reported immediately thrown into prison. refugee groups say it's the lack of a legitimate way of planning asylum. while you're before you arrive in the u. k that it's forcing these migrants according to the refugee groups to take to these very dangerou

jackson and harry truman and then i think about into john adams and johnson and were not going to see these presidents on other rankings and perhaps this is partly because in the study, scholars tended to more favorably break the presidents that served in the area or era which they did - so if you did research on colonial america in early american republic, you'd be more likely to think that john adams was a great president and we today perhaps criticize him partially for the alienation act criminalizing it the united states was for potential war with france and entirely it was political on adams opponents that were affiliated with the justices and lyndon johnson, and of the president a controversial one greatest color say the generally they liked his domestic policies find a lot to desire and the prosecutions of the vietnam war where he concealed of the true ascent of the united states involvement with the public had made a number of tactical decisions that potentially undermine the standards of the united states prevailing. and in 1997, published reading the presidents, they take up

let's go now to andrew simmons. there's live for us in glasgow. andrew, i believe we are hearing that joint pledge being announced. now i think that's what's happening, but 1st i want to ask you about a borrower. johnson's address to the summit. what did he have to say? what would the major takeaways a suppose you could say, there's good news and bad news, or breaking right now, because as johnson is definitely downbeat about the draft text of the final decision to end call 26, he's calling on all world leaders to really press then it goes ages to get the act together and put pressure on to open the margins up and, and get some decisions made. he actually said, we know what needs to be done. just have to take courage. so he's trying to get where he basically feeds up the situation and get some progress made. now, what's just happening, as i speak, is a news conference by the u. s. and china to announce corporation on, on getting emission levels down perfectly with methane as well. and i've got with me an important person, france timmons, who's the

boris johnson open boosters to those in their 40's. austria is imposing new restrictions on the unvaccinated. ireland preparing to recommend working from home again. andrew bailey, governor of the bank of england, has told mp's he is very uneasy about the inflation situation. mep michael saunders says unless rates go up, and placers -- go up, inflation will overshoot the bank of england target. we continue to creep higher. that is the message. we are up by another 0.2%. the stoxx 600 at 487. what is interesting as well as that the pound is now on the front foot. 1.3431. the euro in particular very much under pressure. alix: andy dollar really popping here. let's take a look at what is happening in the u.s. start with the bloomberg dollar index, up by 0.1%. ubs and hsbc dollar positive for 2022. potentially a stronger fed and better growth here in the u.s. that all leading to the 30 year yield above six basis points, buffets 30 moving -- 30 day moving average. that triggered a selloff in the long end of the bond market. yields pushing h

it's after prime minister bars johnson criticized the french authorities for their handling of the migrant crisis pull. brennan isn't the british coastal town of dover to talk about this when i mean, just build on what andrew was saying. relations are so low at the moment that even with something as important as the lives of people in the english channel meetings have been cancelled over. indeed, what essentially has happened is that the 2 sides, britain and france, are unable to agree how best to proceed to make the channels safer and to stop the migrant crossings on the small boat side and a 3rd on wednesday when the deaths happened when there's $27.00 deaths happened the 1st reaction of both sides was to urge, closer cooperation. but the, the fishes between them, the cracks between them were already starting to appear on wednesday after boris johnson spoke by telephone to president micron. and the read out from the british side of that. it was that they described it as a closer corporation. but he said we had difficulty in persuading some of our partners, particularly the french, to do