stalin promised the first soldiers into the award. these guys, one of the main characters, they never got anything, they never got recognition. they felt bitter for the rest of their lives. so it's stories like that which i feel sometimes you're giving belated and often posthumous credit to people who achieved remarkable things and felt bitter that they never got the credit in their lifetime. that's one of those stories. >> ty would like to know how did the pandemic affect your writing of this book? did it make it more difficult? >> i was extremely fortunate. a lot of writers had difficulty because the libraries closed. i sort of do my research and write the book. it sort of works out as a year of research and a year of writing, a bit more sometimes. when i go to the archives these days, i photograph everything of interest. so i -- load it on to my -- to my mac. so i have absolutely everything i need. i have thousands of documents on my mac. but i was very fortunate because i had all that, and i was able to really -- i mean, for me, t

stalin has all of eastern europe and central europe as well. everything will focus on the city of berlin because stalin is controlling east germany. it is agreed to victorious allies, the brits and russians will share control of berlin but berlin sits squarely in the soviet control area of occupied germany. the tension and potential disaster and fallout that can happen, be set by the geographical position of berlin so western allies coming into the city are entirely surrounded by territory controlled by stalin's red army. that is the setting for everything that will happen. it is a fabulously dramatic story that will unfold. >> really is a fascinating situation. one of the great things about the book is giles makes clear what the stakes are right away. we understand on the human level the interpersonal conflicts and larger things that are at stake. you mentioned stalin is a character in the book and other villainous characters with helpful name recognition and real heroes that are fun to cheer for. names i haven't heard before but came to love

toward that end, memorial helped create public monuments to stalin's crime. they also began investigating modern russian human rights violations in the present, most dramatically in moscow's campaign against rebels in chechnya. it's a mission that has not mixed well with the increasingly authoritarian rule of vladimir putin who has been cracking down on dissidents and civil society for years now. and now, after more than 30 years, the russian government has succeeded.au 0 they have shut down memorial, russia's largest and most prominent human rights organization. ostensibly, memorial's crime was not properly abiding by russia's foreign agent law under which the government had essentially branded memorial as a tool of foreign actors working or trying to undermine russia. but state prosecutors were not shy about the real beef with memorial, that it makes russia look bad. in fact, one prosecutor said of memorial, quote, why instead of taking pride in our country do they suggest that we repent for our pitch dark past, an argument that will doubtlessly sound famil

toward that end, memorial helped create public monuments to stalin's crime. they also began investigating modern russian human rights violations in the present, not dramatically in moscow's campaign against rebels in chechnya. it's a mission that has not mixed well with the increasingly authoritarian rule of vladimir putin who has been cracking down on dissidents and civil society for years now. and now, after more than 30 years, the russian government has succeeded. they have shut down memorial. russia's largest and most prominent human rights organization. ostensibly, memorial's crime was not properly abiding by russia's foreign agent law under which the government had essentially branded memorial as a tool of foreign actors working or trying to undermine russia. but state prosecutors were not shy about the real beef with memorial, that it makes russia look bad. in fact one prosecutor said of memorial, quote, why instead of taking pride for our country do they suggest that we repent for our pitch dark past, an argumentment that will doubtlessly sound famili

met in the big bear and if the other big conference at the end of the work which is stalin churchill and truman of course by then and roosevelt said the meat and surprised me is the extent to which both roosevelt and churchill and truman and churchill were prepared to trust stalin. and he clearly had absolutely no intention whatsoever of living up to the promises he made for dealing the promises that he made earlier and of course, the work comes to an end. red army swept into eastern europe and is astonishing, they got everything that he wants wanted as a truman and churchill chare really, there is a bit ofa backseat there because stalin has one everything that he wanted and yet they still wanted to work with him. they wanted to keep his wartime 11 that's where the real tension comes in with holly on the ground in berlin and this is ridiculous, this guy cannot reach us. these persistent, freely began to change policy. as all happening on a very personal level you know pretty. >> together but i do think of the people ready to find out and then other people's resistance on estella spea

it's been painstakingly cataloguing the victims ofjosef stalin's mass repressions. up to 20 million soviet citizens are believed to have been sent to the gulag, to stalin's prison camps. hundreds of thousands were executed. memorial was set up to keep their memory alive. the founding of memorial in the late 1980s was a symbol, a symbol of the soviet union opening up and facing up to its past, to the crimes ofjosef stalin. the shutting down of memorial is a symbol, too, of how in russia today the past is being reshaped, rewritten, and how civil society is under attack. vladimir putin has been using history to try to foster patriotism, so he focuses on the glories of russia's past, like the victory in world war ii. through this annual reading of names of the victims of political repression, memorial has tried to remind russians of their tragic past. now, though, it's being silenced. steve rosenberg, bbc news, moscow. sophia kishkovsky is a freelance journalist who worked for almost two decades in moscow and she is now based in new york. thank you forjoining us. tell u

stalin has been dead for 70 years. why does that still matter? what is about that that causes the state such problems? guest: it matters because putin has titleut of his reputation to reconstructing the glories of the soviet past and the stalin era was a large part of that. it includes victory in the second worldar or the great patriotic war as they call it in russia. it includes making the country a great economic and military power. this legacy is important for patent and he personally pushes it very hard. it was part of an amendment to the constitution, not challenging the state's view of history, especially the second world war. he has made it a personal campaign. anchor: thank you so much for speaking to us. young doctors at public hospitals in india are threatening to shut down medical services, accusing the police of excessive force during protests on monday. they say they were thrashed, dragged and detained by authorities in delhi where they were demonstrating against a delay against the graduation of doctors. [chanting] reporter: a peace

it's been painstakingly cataloguing the victims ofjosef stalin's mass repressions. up to 20 million soviet citizens are believed to have been sent to the gulag, to stalin's prison camps. hundreds of thousands were executed. memorial was set up to keep their memory alive. the founding of memorial in the late 1980s was a symbol, a symbol of the soviet union opening up and facing up to its past, to the crimes ofjosef stalin. the shutting down of memorial is a symbol, of how in russia today, the past is being reshaped, rewritten, and how civil society is under attack. vladimir putin has been using history to try to foster patriotism, so he focuses on the glories of russia's past, like the victory in world war ii. through this annual reading of names of the victims of political repression, memorial has tried to remind russians of their tragic past. now, though, it's being silenced. steve rosenberg, bbc news, moscow. earlier, i spoke to simon adams. he is the president of the center for victims of torture. it is the largest organisation in the world that treats survivors

it's been painstakingly cataloguing the victims ofjosef stalin's mass repressions. up to 20 million soviet citizens are believed to have been sent to the gulag, to stalin's prison camps. hundreds of thousands were executed. memorial was set up to keep their memory alive. the founding of memorial in the late 1980s was a symbol, a symbol of the soviet union opening up and facing up to its past, to the crimes ofjosef stalin. the shutting down of memorial is a symbol too of how in russia today, the past is being reshaped, rewritten, and how civil society is under attack. vladimir putin has been using history to try to foster patriotism, so he focuses on the glories of russia's past, like the victory in world war ii. through this annual reading of names of the victims of political repression, memorial has tried to remind russians of their tragic past. now, though, it's being silenced. steve rosenberg, bbc news, moscow. earlier i spoke to simon adams. he is the president of the center for victims of torture. it's the largest organisation in the world that treats survivors

and in the soviet union, russian leader joseph of stalin denounced -- josef stalin denounced the speech as warmongering and compared the speech to adolf hitler. ♪ ♪ >> american history tv is looking back at the holidays in the nation's capital throughout the years. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ muck. ♪ ♪ ♪ >> watch more history of the holidays online at c-span.org/history. ♪ >> american history tv, exploring the people and events that tell the american story. on the presidency, former clinton white house lawyer gary ginsberg talks about the influence of the people closest to the chief executive in his book "first friends: the powerful unsung and unelected people who shape our presidents." then a look back at pearl harbor with coverage from the international conference on world war ii. hear discussion on the road to war from both the american and japanese viewpoints and the effects of the attack on african-americans. exploring the american story. watch american history tv every weekend and find a full schedule on your program guide or watch online anytime at c-span.org/history. >> [inaudib

created a search of a list of more than 3 million victims of stalin-ism. but as the journalist and times wrote this month, memorial was not doing history for history's sake. they were investigating stalin -ism in the past precisely because they wanted to block the return of stalin-ism in the president towards that and they helped create public monuments to stones crime. they also begin investigating human rights violation in the present most dramatically in moscow's camp campaigns against rebels in chechnya. it is has not mix dwell with the increasing in deleterious rule. and now, after more than 30 years, the russian government has succeeded. they have shut down memorial. russia's largest and most prominent human rights organization. system sibley, the crimes were not abiding by russia's foreign agent law. under which they had branded memorial as a tool of foreign actors working or trying to undermine russia. but state prosecutors are not shy about the real beef with memorial. it makes russia look bad. in fact, one prosecutor said, quote, why instead of t

it is been painstakingly cataloguing the victims of joseph stalin's repressions. up to 20 million soviet citizens are believed to have been sent to the gulags to the prison camps. hundreds of thousands were executed. memoal was set up to keep their memory alive. the founding was a symbol of the soviet union opening up to the crimes of joseph stalin. thshutting down is a symbol also. of how and russia today, the past is being reshaped, rewritten and how civil society is under attack. >> vladimir putin has been using history try to foster patriotism. he focuses on the glories of russia's past like the victory in world war ii. through this annual reading of names of the victims of political repression, memorial has tried to remind russians of their tragic past. now, it is being silenced. >> i've been speaking to a senior lecturer. she explained the significance of memorial. >> we've been seeing ever since vladimir putin returned in 2012, a real steady increase of pressure on human rights organizations, civil society, independent media, any entities that can hold stat

the problem was stalin did not believe any of it. not any of it. so at this point he was so paranoid people were trying to stab him in the back. one of the documents include in my book is the report that included the intelligence presented at the compilation of their memos. and other sources as well. stalin scrolled across the top of it actually won't say it, but it was something profane. [laughter] [laughter] >> that is stalin. [laughter] something about. [inaudible] and a russian historian i was working with said no this is profane even for stalin, what he wrote. that is in the book i have a scan of that page. but anyway, so the russians were trying to give to the berlin group now, regular transmitters so they could basically send the information to moscow center. they were poorly trained i go into much more detail in the book but there were two or three transmitters. two of them broke, they had to take them to be fixed for this is again during the war so transporting these things would be cumbersome machines. and again if you get caught with one

it is been painstakingly cataloguing the victims of joseph stalin's repressions. up to 20 million soviet citizens are believed to have been sent to the gulags to the prison camps. hundreds of thousands were executed. memoal was set up to keep their memory alive. the founding was a symbol of the soviet union opening up to the crimes of joseph stalin. shutting down is a symbol also. of how and russia today, the past is being reshaped, rewritten and how civil society is under attack. >> vladimir putin has been using history try to foster patriotism. he focuses on the glories of russia's past like the victory in world war ii. through this annual readinof names of the victims of political repression, memorial has tried to remind russians of their tragic past. now, it is being silenced. >> i've been speaking to a senior lecturer. she explained the significance of memorial. >> we've been seeing ever since vladimir putin returned in 2012, a real steady increase of pressure on human rights organizations, civil society, independent media, any entities that can hold state to

it's been painstakingly cataloguing the victims ofjosef stalin's mass repressions. up to 20 million soviet citizens are believed to have been sent to the gulag, to stalin's prison camps. hundreds of thousands were executed. memorial was set up to keep their memory alive. the founding of memorial in the late 1980s was a symbol, a symbol of the soviet union opening up and facing up to its past, to the crimes ofjosef stalin. the shutting down of memorial is a symbol, too, of how in russia today the past is being reshaped, rewritten, and how civil society is under attack. vladimir putin has been using history to try to foster patriotism, so he focuses on the glories of russia's past, like the victory in world war ii. through this annual reading of names of the victims of political repression, memorial has tried to remind russians of their tragic past. now, though, it's being silenced. steve rosenberg, bbc news, moscow. let's go now to simon adams. he is the president of the center for victims of torture. it is the largest organisation in the world that treats survivors

the stalin era was a very good start of that. it includes making the country a great economic power. this sort of legacy is very important for putin, and he personally pushes it very hard. it was part of the constitution last summer about not challenging the state's view of history. so, he has made it a very personal campaign. jenny mathers at the department of international politics at aberystwyth university, thank you so much. young doctors at public hospitals in india have threatened to shut down medical services, accusing the police of excessive force during protests on monday. they say they were thrashed, dragged and detained by authorities in delhi when they were demonstrating against a one—year delay in the induction of thousands of new graduate doctors. nitin srivastava reports. chanting. a peaceful march eventually turning ugly. blaming the police of india's hospital for using force without any provocation —— capital. force without any provocation -- caital. ~ ~' ., force without any provocation -- caital. ~ ~ ., .

in russia there was the same feeling that stalin told churchill, your navy runs away. calls one of the arctic convoys from britain to russia have been disastrously defeated and broken up and most of the ships were american, most of the ships. and the whole credibility of britain as fighting ally is at stake. churchill was personally embattled. people were saying, all right, he talks a great game. he's always talking about victories but all we are seeing is defeats, british army had had to surrender to a smaller japanese army and another british army surrender to a smaller german army and the british people, we are feeling pretty disillusioned but to lose malta, jewel in the mediterranean crown, lost to the access would be disastrous blow to the credibility of the whole empire. and so he gave the order to the navy that supplies have to be run to malta at any cost and they knew that having a chance of getting ships through they would need air cover. britain had lost 4 carriers in the war and we only had 7 left. smaller than american carriers. well, four of those carriers

it began after the death of stalin in 1953. among russian intellectuals, primarily others who had lived through this period of terror, wanted to make sure it wasn't repeated and felt that it was important to catalogue the memory of what had gone on. there has been the mission of memorial since then. it's beenin mission of memorial since then. it's been in many ways the conscience of the russian public. who; been in many ways the conscience of the russian public.— the russian public. why is it that president putin _ the russian public. why is it that president putin seems _ the russian public. why is it that president putin seems so - the russian public. why is it that - president putin seems so determined to sanitise the history of the soviet union, a history which is well—documented and a part of which he was not directly involved, except as a veryjunior kgb operative? well, it's a complicated question. i think an important part of it is the fact that he has found over the last several years that it does increasingly impor

it's been painstakingly cataloguing the victims ofjosef stalin's mass repressions. up to 20 million soviet citizens are believed to have been sent to the gulag, to stalin's prison camps. hundreds of thousands were executed. memorial was set up to keep their memory alive. the founding of memorial in the late 1980s was a symbol, a symbol of the soviet union opening up and facing up to its past, to the crimes ofjosef stalin. the shutting down of memorial is a symbol, too, of how in russia today the past is being reshaped, rewritten, and how civil society is under attack. vladimir putin has been using history to try to foster patriotism, so he focuses on the glories of russia's past, like the victory in world war ii. through this annual reading of names of the victims of political repression, memorial has tried to remind russians of their tragic past. now, though, it's being silenced. steve rosenberg, bbc news, moscow. the uk government has defended its decision to hold off on introducing new coronavirus restrictions in england before the new year, saying it will monito

it's been painstakingly cataloguing the victims ofjosef stalin's mass repressions. up to 20 million soviet citizens are believed to have been sent to the gulag, to stalin's prison camps. hundreds of thousands were executed. memorial was set up to keep their memory alive. the founding of memorial in the late 1980s was a symbol, a symbol of the soviet union opening up and facing up to its past, to the crimes ofjosef stalin. the shutting down of memorial is a symbol, too, of how in russia today the past is being reshaped, rewritten, and how civil society is under attack. vladimir putin has been using history to try to foster patriotism, so he focuses on the glories of russia's past, like the victory in world war ii. through this annual reading of names of the victims of political repression, memorial has tried to remind russians of their tragic past. now, though, it's being silenced. steve rosenberg, bbc news, moscow. let's get some of the day's other news. turkish authorities have detained 16 people, on suspicion of operating a religious book store linked to islamic s

it was also stalin, for 12 years mr. bureau chief in moscow and during that period he was the bureau chief when stalin was raining the bureau chief of 1932 when stalin ordered the extermination of ukrainians, genocide, he cut off ukraine and cut it off anyway imaginable to starve the peasants because they would not join these communes, they would not allow their land that had been passed on from generation to generation taken by the communist. he starve them to death, millions of them. he reported in the front page and other pages from the new york times that it was a bad harvest they were just going through problems he was on stalin's payroll and he had a girlfriend who he impregnated and maitri had the best food, cars to travel and british journalist who went into the ukraine and saw cannibalism and so forth and they were disgusted and furious with walter duranty who had a pulitzer prize for his recording and when you look at that and then you look at the new york times half a century ago, 50 years ago, the reporter, t

up the story and came to prominence for researching the crimes committed during the regime of joseph stalin. to meet the i've had worked for the renowned russian human rights organization memorial, which documents soviet area era repression. in a separate case, the organization is facing closure for floating russia, so called foreign to foreign agent blows. a verdict is due on tuesday. russians have a saying about the unexpected. it blows like snow on to your head, but for historian arena shabby cova. the possibility that international memorial may be forced to close comes as no surprise. she helped found the n g o decades ago . but in 2016, the russian government found that the organization was a foreign agent. since it received contributions from abroad, it's come under increasing legal pressure ever since i would not. li, clanging to the finding, we are the keepers of the memories that the russian state would most like to forget . since it only wants to remember it's achievements and victories that scattered till this to rain, you had done daily that godaddy. memorial is dedicated to com

[laughter] [laughter] >> that is stalin. [laughter] something about. [inaudible] and a russian historian i was working with said no this is profane even for stalin, what he wrote. that is in the so i have a scan of that a page. anyway and then we are trying to get to it now so that they could basically send information to the center and they t were poory trained and i don't go into much detail in the book. there were two or three transmitters and again this is during the war and they are transporting these things with machines and again if you get caught in one of these things that's o it. and then they have to be trained the chairman manned in his early 20s, he was very hastily trained to send messages via radio transmitter and he had been looking at it and that was his stage and after 10 hours he would go home and look at the machine and if the gestapo called the signal he could be arrested. >> the book author the chairman intelligence folks who were scanning the airways picking up messages they caught the message and then they spent a year trying to

what became known as the great terror. of stalin's mass repressions. up to 20 million soviet citizens are believed to have been sent to the gulag, to stalin's prison camps. hundreds of thousands were executed. memorial was set up to keep the memory alive. the founding of memorial in the late 1980s was a symbol, a symbol of the soviet union opening up and facing up to its past, to the crimes ofjosef stalin. the shutting down of memorial is a symbol, too. oh how in russia today the past is being reshaped, rewritten, and how civil society is under attack. vladimir putin has been using history to try to foster patriotism. so he focuses on the glories of russia's past. like the victory in world war ii. through this annual reading of names of the victims of political repression, memorial has tried to remind russians of their tragic past. now, though, it is being silenced. steve rosenberg, bbc news, moscow. let's take a brief look at some of today's other news. police searching for missing a 12—year—old girl — leona peach — are asking for the publicï¿

it has been painstakingly cataloguing the victims of stalin's mass repressions. up to 20 million soviet citizens are believed to have been sent to the gulag, to stalin's prison camps. hundreds of thousands were executed. memorial was set up to keep their memory alive. the founding of memorial in the late 1980s was a symbol, a symbol of the soviet union opening up and facing up to its past, to the crimes ofjosef stalin. the shutting down of memorial is a symbol, too. of how in russia today the past is being reshaped, rewritten, and how civil society is under attack. vladimir putin has been using history to try to foster patriotism. so he focuses on the glories of russia's past. like the victory in world war ii. through this annual reading of names of the victims of political repression, memorial has tried to remind russians of their tragic past. now, though, it is being silenced. steve rosenberg, bbc news, moscow. at least 50 firefighters are dealing with a blaze in the belfast harbour estate area of belfast this evening. thick black smoke has been billowing from

it's been painstakingly cataloguing the victims ofjosef stalin's mass repressions. up to 20 million soviet citizens are believed to have been sent to the gulag, to stalin's prison camps. hundreds of thousands were executed. memorial was set up to keep their memory alive. the founding of memorial in the late 1980s was a symbol, a symbol of the soviet union opening up and facing up to its past, to the crimes ofjosef stalin. the shutting down of memorial is a symbol too of how in russia today, the past is being reshaped, rewritten, and how civil society is under attack. vladimir putin has been using history to try to foster patriotism, so he focuses on the glories of russia's past, like the victory in world war ii. through this annual reading of names of the victims of political repression, memorial has tried to remind russians of their tragic past. now, though, it's being silenced. steve rosenberg, bbc news, moscow. rachel denber is deputy director of europe and the central asia division of human rights watch. she was at the court yesterday in moscow, and i think you

putin came to accentuate the soviet role in defeating the nazis in world war ii and joseph stalin as a modernizer of the country. a memorial has thrown a negative light on things that happened during stalin's rule, went up to 20 million people perished in labor camps and executions. germany, describing the closure of memorial as incomprehensible and a reason for great concern. reporter: a verdict that came as no surprise. with one sentence, memorial's fate was sealed. >> i grant the petition by the attorney general of the russian federation to liquidate the international organization. reporter: brescia's oldest civil rights group has been ordered to closed by the supreme court. the official reason? failing to mark social media posts with its official status as a foreign agent. but unofficially, the ngo has been a thorn in the side of the russian government for years. its mission since its founding by dissidents in 1989 -- to catalog soviet-era crimes. but president vladimir putin accused the group of advocating for terrorist and extremist organizations. while the crt called memorial

stalin could not do that. and president xi china cannot do that. that was bitterly opposed in rome that is recognized there is no assault on human rights and dignity and subordinated to a master. of course the excluded slaves, women and someone. but that was the principal. and for working people in the early industrial revolution through the 19th century. finally they got it been out of their heads but that something at the surface. why should you take orders from a master most of your waking life. there's other ways to organize. production can be organized and have cooperative in various kinds. in working people and farmers the vast majority wanted to create commonwealth where people will cooperate to organize life communities without masters. it was crushed by plenty of violence and also by plenty of ideology doctrine imposing common sense. in peripheral positions. but it did come forth of those among the consequences of capitalism. >> i imagine people are usually struck when they hear these kinds of ideas about wage slavery, at least in this cou

it's been painstakingly cataloguing the victims ofjosef stalin's mass repressions. up to 20 million soviet citizens are believed to have been sent to the gulag, to stalin's prison camps. hundreds of thousands were executed. memorial was set up to keep the memory alive. the founding of memorial in the late 1980s was a symbol, a symbol of the soviet union opening up and facing up to its past, to the crimes ofjosef stalin. the shutting down of memorial is a symbol, too. of how in russia today the past is being reshaped, rewritten, and how civil society is under attack. vladimir putin has been using history to try to foster patriotism. so he focuses on the glories of russia's past. like the victory in world war ii. through this annual reading of names of the victims of political repression, memorial has tried to remind russians of their tragic past. now, though, it's being silenced. steve rosenberg, bbc news, moscow. let's take a brief look at some of today's other news. utility company bosses have suggested ways the uk government could stop household heating and electr

and in the soviet union, russian leader joseph stalin denounced the speech as warmongering and compared comments to adolf hitler. ♪ ♪ >> two world war i historians joined us to farrate the 1920 silent film on the journey of the remains of unknown american world war soldier from france to arlington national cemetery. >> ellison, how did this whole concept of the unknown soldier being honored come about? >> well, it really goes back to the beginning of the machinization of warfare and you get unidentifiable remains. you had a lot in the civil war but people were struggling with the fact that they could not figure out who many of the casualties were so great britain and france in 1920 buried an unknown soldier in each of their countries and gate britain it was in westminster abbey and in france, the u.s. decide today do something similar to that. the idea was started by representative hamilton fisch of new york. >> here the cask et is being carried down to the united states capitol, scene that modern americans will see on our time and make its way to the streets of washington and over

crimes against the people, the great terror ofjosef stalin. and for 30 years they've been cataloguing the victims of the terror and the perpetrators of the terror. modern russia isn't interested in the dark chapters of the country's history. it wants to focus on the triumphs, on the glories. for example the victory in the second world war. i think there's a feeling amongst those run russia today that there is no need for an ngo which concentrates on the dark moments of the country's history. let's look at some of the day's other news. turkish authorities have detained 16 people, on suspicion of operating a religious bookstore linked to islamic state. there were clashes with police as they tried to shut the store down. it was accused of operating without a license. a huge operation is under way on the island of la palma, in spain's canary islands, to remove the lava which flowed from the volcanic eruption. activity at the cumbre vieja volcano has now stopped, just in time for some of these buildings in la laguna cross. an investigation is under

crimes against the people, the great terror ofjosef stalin. and for 30 years they've been cataloguing the victims of the terror and the perpetrators of the terror. modern russia isn't interested in the dark chapters of the country's history. it wants to focus on the triumphs, on the glories. for example the victory in the second world war. i think there's a feeling amongst those run russia today that there is no need for an ngo which concentrates on the dark moments of the country's history. in cricket, australia has successfully retained the ashes, winning the third test against england in melbourne. in what was a dominating performance, australia's fast bowlers ripped through england's batting order to win by an innings and 14 runs. the victory means australia has an insurmountable 3—0 lead in the best of 5 test series, retaining the ashes once again. this was the reaction from the captains. yeah, everything has gone to plan. it feels, you know, our bowlers have been fantastic, i haven't even felt like there's been one session that it has

up. historian came to prominence for we searching the crimes committed during the regime of joseph stalin. dmitri of has worked for the renowned russian human rights organization memorial, which documents soviet error oppression, a separate case the organization is facing closure for flouting rushes, so called for an aging laws. a verdict is due on tuesday. russians have a saying about the unexpected. it blows like snow on to your head, but for historian arena shabby cova. the possibility that international memorial may be forced to close comes as no surprise. she helped found the n g o decades ago . but in 2016, the russian government found that the organization was a foreign agent, since it received contributions from abroad, it's come under increasing legal pressure ever since my hood, li, got cranky to defy me. we are the keepers of the memories that the russian state would most like to forget. since it only wants to remember its achievements and victories with the exquisite till this does rain, you had done daily that danny memorial is dedicated to coming to terms with what happened

stalin denounced it as warmongering and compared him to hitler. >>> weekends on c-span2 are an intellectual feast. on sunday, book tv brings you the latest in non-fiction books and authors. funding for c-span2 comes from these television companies and more. including sparklight. >> the greatest town on earth is the place you call home. at sparklight, it's our home, too. right now, we are all facing our greatest challenge. that's why sparklight is working around the clock to keep you connected. we're doing our part so it's easier to do yours. >> sparklight, along with these television companies, supports c-span2 as a public service. ♪♪ cspan offers variety of pod casts withing is something for every listener. these days washington "today" gives you the latest from the nation's capital. and interviews from writers about their latest works. while the weekly uses our immense archive to look at how issues of the day developed over the years and our series "talking with" features conversations with historians about their lives and word. many of our television programs are also available at po

up. historian came to prominence for we searching the crimes committed during the regime of joseph stalin. dmitri of has worked for the renowned russian human rights organization memorial, which documents soviet error oppression, their separate case, the organization is facing closure for flouting russians, so called foreign agent laws. a verdict is due on tuesday. russians have a saying about the unexpected. it blows like snow on to your head, but for historian arena shabby cova. the possibility that international memorial may be forced to close comes as no surprise. she helped found the n g o decades ago . but in 2016, the russian government found that the organization was a foreign agent. since it received contributions from abroad, it's come under increasing legal pressure ever since i would not. li, clanging to defining, we have to keep close of the memories that the russian state would most like to forget. since it only wants to remember it's achievements and victories that scan it till this to rain. you who dan daily that godaddy memorial is dedicated to coming to terms with what h

crimes against the people, the great terror ofjosef stalin. and for 30 years, they've been cataloguing the victims of the terror and the perpetrators of the terror. modern russia isn't interested in the dark chapters of the country's history. it wants to focus on the triumphs, on the glories. for example the victory in the second world war. i think there's a feeling amongst those run russia today that there is no need for an ngo which concentrates on the dark moments of the country's history. let's look at some of the day's other news. turkish authorities have detained 16 people on suspicion of operating a religious bookstore linked to islamic state. there were clashes with police as they tried to shut the store down. it was accused of operating without a licence. an investigation is under way after a private jet crashed in a residential area near san diego in california. officials say no—one on board survived, although they haven't confirmed how many people died or their identities. at least one home was damaged, and several others lost the

of discussion on world affairs for some time to come and in the soviet union russian leader joseph stalin denounced the speech as war mongering and compared his speech to adolf hitler. >> two world war i historians joined to us narrate a 1921 silent film on the journey of the remains of an unknown american world war i soldier from france to arlington national cemetery. >> allison, how did this whole concept of the unknown soldier being honored come about? >> it really goes back to the beginning of the mechanicization of warfare you see expand during world war i. you get a lot more unidentifiable remains. of course you had a lot in the civil war, but people really were struggling with the fact that they could not figure out who many of these casualties were. so great big and france in 1920 buried an unknown soldier in each of their countries. in great big it was in westminster abbey and in france it was under the arc de triomphe. hamilton fish of new york submitted legislation to before an unknown soldier from the u.s. >> here the casket is being carried down the steps of the capitol, a sc

it aims to make sure that the reign of terror in the soviet union, under joseph stalin and the inhumanity of the gulag prison camp system are not forgotten. when earlier this month, russian president vladimir putin accused memorial love rehabilitating the reputations of nazi collaborators in world war 2 was in a moment of use of the organization denied all allegations and wants to appeal. it's representatives say they may take the case to the european court of human rights. as the year draws through closed d w news a looks back at our notable reports of 2021. despite the global rush to reduce global warming by cutting carbon emissions, one huge emitter, the military is totally exempt from that effort. d w's, terry sholtes reports. there's a dirty little secret, almost every country's keeping, except it's not that little. in many cases, a nation's armed forces are its biggest single emitter of greenhouse gases. but how big is secret that's allowed under both the kyoto and parents climate agreements. both deals have exempted military forces based on the argument that adversaries could to do

it aims to make sure that the reign of terror in the soviet union, under joseph stalin and the inhumanity of the gulag prison camp system are not forgotten. when earlier this month, russian president vladimir putin accused memorial of rehabilitating the reputations of nazi collaborators in world war 2. we wasn't a moment of using. the organization denied all allegations and wants to appeal. it's representatives say they may take the case to the european court of human rights. let's bring in puzzle andries. he's a on memorial board of directors and he joins us from 60 far in russia. welcome to d w. now this is just the latest blow by the russian state against memorial. why is that a mere putin's kremlin so determined to have your organisation close down? hello year years and i think i would need to say that it's a long history of oppression against the anymore l as in speech and came to the power. and i think there is 3 main reasons. the 1st one is that there's no lifestyle fledging or put in and he's close friends. he's the former. thank you, officer and all the many people around around

cut a long story short stalin doesn't want trotsky to stick around so he gets killed. the next one, you can jump to the 60s in 70s. there are different artifacts. this is the heart that was used by what some called the spy of the century. the famous british officer secretly working for the soviet union. john walker, silver bar that we have that was given to him for his espionage activities. he set up aspiring and one reason, if you've been following in the past week a couple that are connected to the navy charged with espionage, john walker with the silver bar, they were paid with the crypto currency so we begin to think about the changes and espionage in the cold war up to now and the present day, these are the artifacts we have, the cold war into the present in so many ways, some of which we are going to discuss but you see the top left the connections to 9/11, the top rate you see joe biden, the premier of australia and the uk, all about what is happening in the south china sea, you see the bottom left here, what we see now is almost a succession struggle among grea

it aims to make sure that the reign of terror in the soviet union under joseph stalin and the inhumanity of the gulag prison camp system are not forgotten . when earlier this month, russian president vladimir putin accused memorial of rehabilitating the reputation of nazi collaborators in world war 2 was a moment. views of the organization denied all allegations and wants to appeal. it's representatives say they may take the case to the european court of human rights. it's bring in felix light, a journalist in moscow, russia. felix, welcome. tell us more about why the supreme court shut down this human rights group . rebecca, as with so much in russia's sort of legal system, this really is a sort of a story in 2 hobbs. on the one hand, we have the sort of the official justification for this lawsuit. for this shuttering of memorial, which is breaking rush is very controversial, foreign agent lose memorial has been a foreign agent for some years, and it is allegedly refused to market some of its sort of products on its literature as such. but i think allies at memorial stress that this is