it was gorbachev's readiness _ been. it was gorbachev's readiness to _ been. it was gorbachev's readiness to accept - been. it was gorbachev's readiness to accept that| been. it was gorbachev's i readiness to accept that the countries of central europe would find their own path, and that his own personal decision not to use mass violence made the break much easier. you were in the diplomatic— the break much easier. you were in the diplomatic circles - in the diplomatic circles around the time of the fall of the wall, and one thing mikhail gorbachev had said is he accused the west of arrogance particularly around nato, can you describe what he was talking about? gorbachev did not like the fact that nato enlarged, in 2015 he said he did not make any agreement with nato regarding it, he said the issue didn't come up... but auain, issue didn't come up... but again. i— issue didn't come up... but again, i think _ issue didn't come up... but again, i think gorbachev was prepared to look beyond the old stereotypes of the cold war. for example, arms control, a rea

president gorbachev was a reformer and _ say. president gorbachev was a reformer and it _ say. president gorbachev was a reformer and it didn't _ say. president gorbachev was a reformer and it didn't work - say. president gorbachev was a reformer and it didn't work out | reformer and it didn't work out for many russians who believe that he didn't follow through, but it was also a global recession at the time. that might the case, do you think the ussr would have survived? no, i think there were chronic problems in the soviet union. what triggered the crisis that led to the ultimate disintegration was gorbachev�*s reforms. he's really a paradoxicalfigure because reforms. he's really a paradoxical figure because he's undeniably one of the greatest statesmen of the late 20th century, one of the people who influenced history in a very positive way. butjust about everything he tried to do at home was a failure. he wanted to revive communism, he was a convinced socialist, communism died on his watch and he wanted to revitalise the communist economy and it collapsed. he wanted to ke

i know that you met gorbachev many times over the years. and i understand gorbachev in putin. they never criticized each other directly publicly. and we're even seeing that now with how putin has handled the passing of gorbachev. but how do you explain the fact that there was no open animosity express between the 2? well, i think because both for their own reasons in a disliked boris yelton's period, 99 his in russia's history. and gorbachev saw yeltsin, evidently as some one who took away not only his chair and the kremlin, but his country. the soviet union, which she tried to reform and put in of hers hated yeltsin for pro western policies for trying to curtail the parasol the k to be and essentially by basically reducing russia's growth, standing as a great power in the world. so both had their attitudes to yelton, but putin being a politician understood that she cannot avoid declaring national mourning for yeltsin because that's just the protocol. we know that mikhail gorbachev supported the 2014 annexation of crimea. but what happened afterwards? it's not so clear me, do

you make gorbachev. he set into motion forces that he would later not be able to steer or control at all. i mean, we, after remember he was a communist leader. he wanted reform, but there was no guide book for him to turn a command economy into something that resembled a market economy. i'm wondering if, if you think, did he push forward with these reforms somewhat blindly and with a considerable degree of naivete. well, i would say yes, he was naive and even utopian in a sense that he tried to do what turned out to be impossible. you can make a pretty good case that his whole project was doomed from the start by russia. what it was, by its own history, by the forces who remained from the soviet totalitarianism, who were allied, arrayed against him. um, but none the less he tried. and in that sense, no one has to respect him, admire him, and almost wish for more leaders in other countries who would dare to try. and professor sent. gorbachev of course, was not that he wasn't a simple man and he was comple

as a result of that dialogue gorbachev and u. s. president reagan signed the 1st of many disarmament treaties in 1987. it was the beginning of the end of the cold war in 1990 gorbachev was awarded the nobel peace prize for his key role in bringing about a new peaceful world order. internationally, he was highly regarded but at home he was increasingly under pressure. the economic situation was dire. the soviet union on the verge of falling apart, communist hardliners stage, a coup against gorbachev in 1991 and put the soviet leader under house arrest and his holiday retreat in crimea. one man stopped the boris yeltsin, the russian president. gorbachev was allowed to return to moscow, but politically, he was ruined. he else in banned the communist party and publicly humiliated coverage of you sell the yo, yo sure you should always. shortly afterwards, the soviet union was dissolved in december 1991 mikhail gorbachev announced his resignation. his attempts to regain political ground in the new russia failed. many russians held him

to day. gorbachev being cold. here in germany, germany's most beloved russian. that just gives you an idea of the role that he played in germany and also how many germans still consider him to day. russians have a more mixed view of him. you re, can you tell us about that? while mister garbage was responsible for a period of important political reforms before the collapse of the soviet union, and he carried out the forms of glasnost openness and perestroika restructuring after coming to power 1985. so millions of russians, including me as i grew up in the former soviet union, exactly at that time. so many people are extremely thankful to him for opening up the soviet society for opening the biggest country intervals towards the world around it. but even though many people wor happy about that openness nowadays, many russians say they are very unhappy that they lost to the soviet union. why? while because one days a simpler went to sleep in one country and a wednesday walk up, ah, that country didn't exist any more

mister gorbachev. open this gate. ah mister gorbachev. tear down. this was in 1989 because go which are visited germany promoting perestroika and glass. no, see my head of it's got about and people longing for change quickly followed his ideas. the leadership of the communist party in moscow was much more open, much mounting, reacting on vic political questions all the time. ah . i think that he wanted to make thee the leaders of the eastern world understand you have to accept that we live in times of changing. and if we don't react, we will be pushed by side. oh, now i for his work on bridging relations between the east and west, a. gorbachev was awarded the nobel peace prize and was twice named time magazine man of the year 2014 germany marked a quarter century since the fall of the above the wall. and gorbachev was a special guest at ceremony. you can see right here you visited the infamous check point charlie, which of course previously divided the city between soviet and western control. and released one of the $8000.00 balloons illuminating wh

i thoughts, first of all on gorbachev's legacy. thoughts, first of all on gorbachev's lea . . m gorbachev's legacy. i have difficult feelings. first _ gorbachev's legacy. i have difficult feelings. first of _ gorbachev's legacy. i have difficult feelings. first of all, _ gorbachev's legacy. i have difficult feelings. first of all, i _ gorbachev's legacy. i have difficult feelings. first of all, i have - gorbachev's legacy. i have difficult feelings. first of all, i have a - feelings. first of all, i have a very friendly relationship with gorbachev during the past 25 years. we've met dozens of times and by my asking, he met also with my students because i'm teaching political science at moscow state university, and he was meeting with my students and he was meeting with my students and talking about politics and sometimes he is giving a call to me after my interview to the radio or tv that he watched or listened to, and he would want to correct me. he would express his views, so i had a friendly relationship. i respect him very much. i absolutely agree, gorbachev, there legacy internationall

mister gorbachev. open this gate. ah mister gorbachev, tear down this 1. 1989 mikhail gorbachev visited germany promoting perestroika and glass. no c, my interrogates, got about and people wanting to change quickly followed by the leadership of the communist body. and moscow was much more open much as the mountain reacting on that a good question. a i think that he wanted to make the, the leaders of the eastern world understand, you have to accept that we live in times of changing. and if we don't react, we will be pushed by sour. ah. now gorbachev is not known only just for his new political thinking policies towards the west, but also for love of western culture. and during his time, he had also to meet and greets, with the hollywood superstars rubbing elbows with the a list as he was also featured in european clothing campaigns and even had a starring role in a pizza hut commercial. oh, he's about all of us. we discourage his wisdom and his vision, and of course he's tremendous. will a person, a very kind with resp

gorbachev tried to deal with them. he tried to deal with them in the best way that he knew, taking into account the history that he had learned. but unfortunately for mr. gorbachev, the rest of the country and the rest of the party was not willing to go along with it. laura: do you know anything at all about mikael gorbachev's attitude towards vladimir putin's invasion of ukraine? >> he hasn't been very outspoken or talked about it. it will be very interesting to see how vladimir putin remembers mikal gorbachev. obviously, in the present campaign against ukraine, he's going against what gorbachev tried to do which was a peaceful transition from the soviet union to the russian federation. a peaceful transition to eastern europe. vladimir putin, with this invasion of ukraine, has en outspoken about how russia lost ukraine and he's trying to gain -- game russia back into the orbit of the russian federation. it will be interesting to see how mr. putin remembers mr. gorbachev and whether indeed there is some sort of marking

mikhail gorbachev smiled, he was relaxed. in the west, he acquired almost pop—star status for helping to end the cold war. but at home, it was a different story. born in the days of dictator josef stalin, gorbachev became a committed communist, rising fast through the ranks of the soviet communist party to the ruling politburo. gorbachev stood out — he was young, energetic, unlike his colleagues. as kremlin old—timers died in quick succession, the ussr was looking more like a cemetery than a superpower. but in 1985, gorbachev became leader and launched perestroika — reforms to reinvigorate the soviet union. at home, there were western—style walkabouts. abroad, he charmed an iron lady and a us president. together, gorbachev and reagan slashed their nuclear arsenals. with a reformer in the kremlin, eastern europe saw a chance to break free from moscow. when the berlin wall fell, crucially gorbachev refused to intervene to prop up the iron curtain. by now, his own country was breaking apart amid ethnic conflicts and ec

gorbachev was somebody _ end of the cold war. gorbachev was somebody who _ end of the cold war. gorbachev was somebody who came - end of the cold war. gorbachev was somebody who came into l was somebody who came into political power within the communist system after khrushchev and some of the dogma related to stalinism, the brutal time in the 30s and 40s when stalin killed millions of his own people and others. khrushchev started to loosen the reins a bit and take down the reins a bit and take down the cult of stalinism. when gorbachev rose through the ranks, he started to have access to literature. low readings, the american constitution. and i think he was a bright man who understood that his country was rotting economically. those were the things he initially addressed. and of course, history, and again the stalinist period has not yet been fully reckoned with, he opens the door to that and opened the door to democracy. i would say personality matters, he was really charismatic and he understood the west probably because of his readings and because of his readings and because

welcome to the show, mikhail gorbachev. the former soviet leader who helped bring the cold war to a peaceful conclusion, has died at the age of 91 after a long illness. with policies that promoted free speech and reform within the communist bloc. gorbachev's forged a new dialogue with the west, one that ultimately brought down the iron curtain that had divided europe since 1945 and put germany on track to re unification. ah, mikhail gorbachev arrived and freedom followed. when he visited east berlin for the g d r's, 40th anniversary celebrations. gorbachev urged it shaneka to implement reforms. he warned the east german leader saying, life punishes those who come too late. a month after his visit, the berlin fell. and with the iron curtain that had divided europe for decades, it was gorbachev's reformers, policies that helped unleash a peaceful revolution across eastern europe. douglas, as yet he laid out his agenda in his 1st speech as leader of the soviet union. okay, so a stark contrast to what had gone before. we're als

mister gorbachev. open this. ah mister gorbachev. tear down this 1989 mikhail gorbachev visited germany promoting perestroika and glass. no c, my interrogates, got about and people wanting to change quickly follow the leadership of the company's body and moscow was much more open, much mounting, reacting on that a good question with the time. ah, i think that he wanted to make the, the, the leaders of the eastern world understand, you have to accept that we live in times of changing. and if we don't react, we will be pushed by sour. ah, a gorbachev is not, not only for his new political thinking policies towards the west, but also for his love of western culture. and during his time he rubbed elbows with all sorts of hollywood stars. all sorts of meets and greets and social shenanigans . he also featured in a european clothing campaign and even had a stall rolled in a pizza hut commercial a us. we discourage his wisdom and his vision. and of course his tremendous will a person, a very kind, a to 91 days before yo

gorbachev tried to deal with them. he tried to deal with them in the best way that he knew, taking into account the history at he had learned. but unfortunately for mr. gorbachev, the rest of the country and the rest of the party was not willing to go along with it. laura: do you know anything at all about mikael gorbachev's attitude towards vladimir putin's invasion of ukraine? >> he hasn't been very outspoken or talked about it. it will be very interesting to see how vladimir putin remembers mikal gorbachev. obviously, in the present campaign against ukraine, he's going against what gorbachev tried to do which was a peaceful transition from the soviet union to the russian federation. a peaceful transition to eastern europe. vladimir putin, with this invasion of ukraine, has en outspoken about how russia lost ukraine and he's trying to gain -- game russia back into the orbit of the russian federation. it will be interesting to see how mr. putin remembers mr. gorbachev and whether indeed there is some sort of marking o

mister gorbachev. open this gate. ah mister gorbachev, tear down this was in 1989 mikhail gorbachev visited germany promoting perestroika and glass. no c, my interrogates, got about and people longing for change. quickly followed his ideas. the leadership of the communist party in moscow was much more open much martin reacting on the political questions all the time. ah, i think that he wanted to make thee the leaders of the eastern world. understand you have to accept that we live in times of changing. and if we don't react, we will be pushed by size ah, and force work on improving relations between the east and west. gorbachev was awarded the nobel peace prize. and even 2 times aimed time magazines, man of the year 2014 germany marked a quarter century since the fall of the berlin wall. and gorbachev, as you can see in these special pictures right here was a guest at the ceremony. he visited the infamous checkpoint checkpoint charlie, which had previously divided the city between soviet and western control and relea

you make gorbachev. he set into motion forces that he would later not be able to steer or control at all. i mean, we, after remember he was a communist leader. he wanted reform, but there was no guide book for him to turn a command economy into something that resembled a market economy. i'm wondering if, if you think, did he push forward with these reforms somewhat blindly and with a considerable degree of naivete. well, i would say yes, he was naive and even utopian and of sense that he tried to do what turned out to be impossible. you can make a pretty good case that his whole project was doomed from the start by russia. what it was by its own history, by the forces who remained from the soviet totalitarianism, who were allied, arrayed against him up. but nonetheless, he tried. and in that sense, you know, one has to respect him, admire him, and almost wish for more leaders in other countries who would dare to try. and professor sent. gorbachev of course, was not it, he wasn't a simple man and he was c

. like me, we owe so much to gorbachev— like me, we owe so much to gorbachev. �* , ., gorbachev. and when you met him in erson gorbachev. and when you met him in person finally. _ gorbachev. and when you met him in person finally, what _ gorbachev. and when you met him in person finally, what was _ gorbachev. and when you met him in person finally, what was that - gorbachev. and when you met him in person finally, what was that like? i person finally, what was that like? i think are always fascinated to get an insight into what significant figures, important figures are like in person. it’s figures, important figures are like in erson. 3 ~ , . in person. it's like standing next to history- _ in person. it's like standing next to history. for— in person. it's like standing next to history. for me _ in person. it's like standing next to history. for me as _ in person. it's like standing next to history. for me as someone l in person. it's like standing next i to history. for me as someone who has written extensively about gorbachev, i see him as a very complicated figure, notju

mister gorbachev. open this gate. ah mister gorbachev, tear down this wall. i in 1989 mikhail gorbachev visited germany promoting perestroika and glass. no, see, my heritage got about and people longing for change quickly followed as i did the leadership of the communist party and moscow was much more open, much smarten reacting on the political questions all the time. ah. i think that he wanted to make the, the leaders of the eastern world understand you have to accept that we live in times of changing. and if we don't react, we will be pushed by side. i 1st work on improving relations between the east and west. gorbachev was awarded the nobel peace prize. it was even named twice as time. magazines man of the year. now in 2014 germany marked a quarter century since the fall of the boat enrolled. gorbachev was a special guest at that ceremony. look right here. a visit to the infamous check point charlie, which had previously divided the city between soviet and western control and released one of 8000 balloons illuminating where the world used to be at a time.

the soviet leader who helped end the cold war mikhail gorbachev has died at the age of 91. gorbachev introduced policies that encouraged openness and reform within the communist bloc and forged warmer ty is with the west . now this ultimately brought down the iron curtain that had divided europe since 1945 and put germany on track to re unification. but while often hailed as a hero in the west, at home, his legacy is complicated. dorothea, yahoo mikhail gorbachev. first speech as leader of the soviet union, it was clear he was a stark contrast to his predecessors. we had for you was the worst of robin peace. and freedom is the most. am your ultima basic right of each individual for our to libya. gorbachev wanted to change the soviet union to bring it closer to the people. he promoted glasnost openness and perestroika reforms to words that will forever be associated with him. his new outlook was popular with many his policies also applied to the military. despite the resistance of soviet generals, which it was you, severe thoughtfulness, i'm convinced that we will also have to reform

as a result of that dialogue gorbachev an u. s. president reagan signed the 1st of many disarmament treaties in 1987. it was the beginning of the end of the cold war in 1990 gorbachev was awarded the nobel peace prize for his key role in bringing about a new peaceful world order. internationally, he was highly regarded but at home he was increasingly under pressure. the economic situation was dire. the soviet union on the verge of falling apart, communist hardliners stage, a coup against gorbachev in 1991 and put the soviet leader under house arrest and his holiday retreat in crimea. one man stopped the boris yeltsin, the russian president. gorbachev was allowed to return to moscow, but politically, he was ruined. he else in band the communist party and publicly humiliated coverage of new so yeah, you're sure you should. shortly afterwards the soviet union was dissolved in december 1991 mikhail gorbachev announced his resignation. his attempts to regain political ground in the new russia failed. many russians held him responsibl

mikhail gorbachev smiled, he was relaxed. in the west, he acquired almost pop—star status for helping to end the cold war. but at home, it was a different story. born in the days of dictator josef stalin, gorbachev became a committed communist, rising fast through the ranks of the soviet communist party to the ruling politburo. gorbachev stood out — he was young, energetic, unlike his colleagues. as kremlin old—timers died in quick succession, the ussr was looking more like a cemetery than a superpower. but in 1985, gorbachev became leader and launched perestroika — reforms to reinvigorate the soviet union. at home, there were western—style walkabouts. abroad, he charmed an iron lady and a us president. together, gorbachev and reagan slashed their nuclear arsenals. with a reformer in the kremlin, eastern europe saw a chance to break free from moscow. in 1989 the berlin wall came crashing down. crucially gorbachev refused to intervene to prop up the iron curtain. it was mikael gorbachev who be came the terminator of

because gorbachev has died at the age of 91. the last leader of the former soviet union, he helped and the cold war by forging warmer ties with the west and introducing policies at home that encouraged openness and reform within the communist bloc is ultimately brought down the iron curtain that had divided europe since $945.00 onset germany on a path to reunification. but while often praise by the west as a hero is domestic legacy is complicated. a mikhail gorbachev 1st speech as leader of the soviet union. it was clear he was a stark contrast to his predecessors. we is 40 was the old right. i live in peace and freedom is the most important basic right of each individual for our kilobit. gorbachev wanted to change the soviet union to bring it closer to the people. he promoted glass in aust openness and perestroika reforms to words that will forever be associated with him. his new outlook was popular with many his policies also applied to the military, despite the resistance of soviet generals to us, if we are foreigners all, un

most of most people disliked gorbachev. and they blame him for the collapse of the soviet union based thing that he was too soft to were the west that the west betrayed him. this is what most russians think today. for a minority in russia, he's still a hero, and they are still very grateful to him for, for giving the russians and the other peoples of the former soviet union just would have just said freedom. first of all, the right to travel, freedom of speech and democracy. so, and i do hope that maybe in 10 or 20 years, we don't know how russia is developing. but i think that it would and, and it was garbage of, could change as well and come back to the roots where it all started. it is a historic figure. and how can you imagine how russia is going to mark is passing a media. he was leader of the soviet union. normally we would expect there to be some type of state funeral for someone like mikhail gorbachev. is that something that you expect in a russia that is being led by vladimir putin? it is difficult to imagine a big

gorbachev supported them publicly. and from that point, he didn't hold back as a critic of russia's political direction and leadership. >> translator: we have now reached a stage where we interrupted perestroika, but there will be no turning back. even as vladimir putin and others return to those old methods of control, with force and fear. >> over time, gorbachev's views on putin had flipped. when putin first took over as president, gorbachev backed him. and he kept backing him for a long time. in this 2008 interview with cnn, gorbachev defended putin's leadership and his commitment to democracy. >> translator: putin has been a successful president. >> gorbachev's view of putin and his policies have changed with putin's policies. and with putin's own changing. and his own evolution. and clearly, somewhere in the mid-2000s, putin started to become much more authoritarian. >> gorbachev supported russia's annexation of crimea in 2014. two days after russia's invasion of ukraine, in february 2022, gorbachev's foundation i

nicole gorbachev has died at the age of 91. the last lena of the former soviet union, he helped to end the cold war by forging warmer ties with the west and introducing policies at home, but encouraged openness and reform within the communist block. this ultimately brought down the iron curtain that had divided europe since 1945 onset germany on a path to re unification. but while often praised in the west as a hero is domestic legacy is complicated. the property of your machine, mikhail gorbachev. first speech as leader of the soviet union, it was clear he was a stark contrast to his predecessors. we adore you as though all right. i live in peace and freedom as the most. im hortner basic right of each individual or our kill over gorbachev wanted to change the soviet union to bring it closer to the people. he promoted glass, nest openness and perestroika reforms to words that will forever be associated with hen. his new outlook was popular with many his policies also applied to the military, despite the resistance of soviet gen

ah mikhail gorbachev. the last leader of the soviet union, he was the, during his, almost 6 years in office, garbage have set in motion, a series of radical reforms that would change the course of history in this program . we'll be looking at some of the pivotal chapters of his life and examining his legacy. ah oh, for the 1st time. so the green destroying weapons, they already had mister gorbachev. chair down yep, you're going to show you what you eat with 40 in the middle of which will solid garbage have overhauled the soviet union's foreign policy by introducing the new political thinking doctrine, which thought relations with the west and brought about the end of the costly cold war, garbage i've called for the world to be seen as united and interdependent. instead of divided into communist and capitalist countries, he saw the balance of interests of different countries as a way of solving international problems. universal values had to be recognised above all others, whether they be religious or natio

and he is mikhail gorbachev. there's a reason why god chose relation to germany and to the germans is described as a special relationship as a reason why gorbachev's has been described here in germany. as germany's most beloved russian at the reforms that he put in place in the soviet union were absolutely significant. not only for the fall of the berlin wall for the whole process around that, for those peaceful demonstration in eastern german cities, the so called peaceful revolution. but also to germany's reunification. after that, it's important to remember that when german chancellor helmut coil was planning and discussing the possibility of german reunification, he not only sought the approval of the united states. he also sought the approval of the soviet union. and as a very memorable meeting in february of 1990 when he visited moscow. and he said that gorbachev was basically in favor of german reunification. and this clearly explains why gorbachev's until to day remains an incredibly important figure. not

mister gorbachev. open this. ah mister gorbachev, tear down this way. i know he 90 knowing mikhail gorbachev visited germany promoting perestroika and glass no see my interrogates, got about and people could shave quickly falling. i did the leadership of the communist body and moscow was much more open, much mounting, reacting on literally pushing the time a i think that he wanted to make the, the leaders of the eastern world understand you have to accept that we live in times of changing and if we don't to react, we will be pushed by sallow. ah. now gorbachev is not known only just for his new political thinking policies towards the west, but also for his love of western culture. and during his time, he had also to meet and greets, with the hollywood superstars rubbing elbows with the a list as he was also featured in european clothing campaigns and even had a starring role in a pizza hut commercial. oh, he's bad. all of us. we discourage his wisdom and his vision, and of course his tremendous will a very kind i to 91 days before you. i said with respo

as a result of that dialogue gorbachev, an u. s. president reagan signed the 1st of many disarmament treaties in 1987. it was the beginning of the end of the cold war. in 1990 gorbachev was awarded the nobel peace prize for his key role in bringing about a new peaceful world order. internationally, he was highly regarded but at home he was increasingly under pressure. the economic situation was dire. the soviet union on the verge of falling apart, communist hardliners stage, a coup against gorbachev in 1091 and put the soviet leader under house arrest and his holiday retreat and crimea. one man stopped the boris yeltsin, the russian president gorbachev was allowed to return to moscow, but politically, he was ruined. he else in band the communist party and publicly humiliated gorbachev. yes. oh yeah. you're sure you should always. shortly afterwards, the soviet union was dissolved in december 1991 mikhail gorbachev announced his resignation. his attempts to regain political ground in the new russia failed. many russians held him r

the soviet leader who helped the end of the cold war mikhail gorbachev has died at the age of 91. gorbachev introduced policies that encouraged openness and reform within the communist block and forged warmer ties with the west. this ultimately brought down the iron curtain that divided europe since 1945 and put germany on track to re unification. but while often hailed as a hero in the west, at home, his legacy is complicated. the property of your machine, mikhail gorbachev. first speech as leader of the soviet union, it was clear he was a stark contrast to his predecessors. we had for you as though all right, i live in peace and freedom is the most. am your ultima basic right of action. laura, jewel, rolla, jewelry. gorbachev wanted to change the soviet union to bring it closer to the people. he promoted glasnost openness and perestroika reforms to words that will forever be associated with him. his new outlook was popular with many his policies also applied to the military. despite the resistance of soviet generals issued to us in severe orders almost, i'm convinced that we will also hav

how is a gorbachev regarded there? when when mikhail gorbachev came to power, as a soviet union was an agent country, a con, economy was in shambles. the war ethnic conflicts cooking up in parks of the country . a bunch of new this of yet union needed reforms are glosson at perestroika openness and restructuring. was the instruments used to try and save the country, but with their newly one freedom of expression, especially of the baltic states were pushing for independence. ah, yeah. gorbachev created the atmosphere for independence to blossom in the baltics. and i think many people here appreciate that. on the other hand, he did try and suppress protests. in lithuania, a foot 14 people were killed and at least $700.00 people were injured. lithuanians put up as strong resistance that gorbachev i had not counted on. and of course, and got much of as a symbol of the soviet union, which also means to the time of the soviet occupation as this time is called here. so to summarize, i think the view people have on gorbachev

on today's breaking news, the last leader of the soviet union mikhail gorbachev. house died, the 91 year old passed away in moscow central hospital after a prolonged illness. let's take a look through his legacy now and our special coverage here on our t. ah . mikhail gorbachev. overhaul the soviet union's foreign policy by introducing the new political thinking doctrine, which thought relations with the west and brought up by the end of the costly cold war. gorbachev called for the world to be seen as united and interdependence, instead of divided into communists than capitalist countries. he saw the balance of interests of different countries as a way of solving international problems. universal values had to be recognized above all others, whether they be religious or national. the soviet leader also wanted to see the world free from all nuclear weapons by the start at the 21st century. russian officials have been expressing their condolences with the kremlin spokesperson dmitri pest golf, also highlighting gorbachev ce, quote, romanticize view of the world ord

translation: mikhail gorbachev. tuna/mom- mikhail gorbachev. translation: ., , ., ., translation: he was a great reformer. — translation: he was a great reformer. he _ translation: he was a great reformer, he used _ translation: he was a great reformer, he used peaceful. translation: he was a great - reformer, he used peaceful means, gorbachev showed that you can live a good life in this world, a peaceful life, without wars. fin good life in this world, a peaceful life, without wars.— life, without wars. on the streets of moscow. _ life, without wars. on the streets of moscow, opinion _ life, without wars. on the streets of moscow, opinion was - life, without wars. on the streets of moscow, opinion was divided. | of moscow, opinion was divided. translation: it of moscow, opinion was divided. translation:— of moscow, opinion was divided. translation: it was a big mistake that the ussr _ translation: it was a big mistake that the ussr fell _ translation: it was a big mistake that the ussr fell apart, _ translation: it was a big mistake tha

and writing down the wording of general secretary gorbachev, i a sked the chancellor, gorbachev has to repeat this sentence in order to avoid any mistake in writing down the exact wording. and gorbachev did. this was a great moment. brent: a great moment, indeed. was it clear to everyone, particularly you as a german, that you had the leader of the soviet union sitting there who had the power to block any attempt at reunification, but was choosing not to wield that power. he was choosing to let germans decide for themselves. was that reality, was that clear to you at that moment? horst: well, at that moment, it was a clear announcement. whether gorbachev would be strong enough to manage it was a different question. and, well, i tell you, i had later on a private meeting with the foreign secretary. he had just left his office when i met him in moscow. because we have had a difficult time in january 1990, because the chancellor was urgently interested in a meeting with gorbachev. personal meetings, the first one after the wall had come down. and suddenly, we had to learn vi a the media t

gorbachev was in power for only six years. and when you think about what he did, you know, domestically with perestroika, glasnost, both of those, you know, opening up and historically was really kind of changing. and then internationally. so, he definitely really transformed russia. >> and sort of, one of the most memorable or impactful said during the 20th century. possibly with these. listen to. these >> mr. gorbachev, tear down this wall. in a, way he chose peace over confrontation. and here is a statement from james blinker who dealt very closely with him over the years. >> history -- history will remember how he stared his great nation towards democracy. he played the critical role in the peace conclusion of the cold war in his decision of using all the -- together. i found him to be an honest broker to count on his words despite -- the free world misses him greatly. so, clearly the differences between global charles and putin are on a policy point of view. but also their quality seems to be very far apart. at least from

the final soviet lead mikhail gorbachev. this is auto international live from moscow. nearly 5 a m, but back in a moment. ah, ah no one no, sir, no, no, admiral who job no, no. well door, more shrill than what they should end up unit 73. 1 was a unique organization in the history of the world. what they were trying to do was to simply do nothing short and build the most powerful and most deadly biological weapons program that the world had ever known. real and you know, took production with it. so again, sure, sure good. did that they're not eligible. no new son, new rochelle, he one more, more general motor thought is meant new them all in one of up on know, and i got the room was sale. i got your name up. i go on monday. i wish to know about joy. oh, new. i know you did room or gotten more or less than a jewel it's i had to put the want us call them mother and all your body build garage door hours. nice. oh boy, that's good to go on. what the on this the wall. she my, and new on it. i'm all, i can send more on all said mom

i come here to this gate mister gorbachev. open this gate. ah mister gorbachev, tear down this way. i know he needs you knowing mikhail gorbachev visited germany, promoting perestroika and glass. no. see, my interrogates, got about and people could shave quickly. falling i did. the leadership of the communist body in moscow was much more open much the mountain. reacting on that a good question. a i think that he wanted to make the, the leaders of the eastern world understand you have to accept that we live in times of changing. and if we don't react, we will be pushed by sallow. ah. now gorbachev is not known only just for his new political thinking policies towards the west, but also for his love of western culture. and during his time, he had also to meet and greets, with the hollywood superstars rubbing elbows with the a list as he was also featured in european clothing campaigns and even had a starring role in a pizza hut commercial. oh, he's not all of us. we discourage his wisdom and his vision, and of course his tremendous will a 91 days before you. i said with responsible fo

as a result of that dialogue gorbachev and u. s. president reagan find the 1st of many disarmament treaties in 1987. it was the beginning of the end of the cold war in october 1989 when he visited east berlin for the g d r's, 40th anniversary celebrations. gorbachev urged eric han aker to implement reforms. he warned the eastern leader saying, life punishes those who come to late. a month after his visit, the berlin wall fell and with it, the iron curtain that had divided europe for decades. it was gorbachev's, reformist policies that helped unleash a peaceful revolution across eastern europe. in 1990 gorbachev was awarded the nobel peace prize for his key role in bringing about a new peaceful world order. internationally, he was highly regarded. but at home, he was increasingly under pressure. the economic situation was dire. the soviet union on the verge of falling apart, communist hardliner stage, a coup against gorbachev in august 1991. at the end of that year, mikhail gorbachev announced his resignation and the soviet union

gorbachev: no. no. he only participated in the editing of the english edition, trying to make the book more concise, so some ideas about the structure of the book. but the book is mine. all this book was done by me. many people helped me because it takes a lot of work to complete this book, but the main burden of the work was mine and i had to decide eventually about what kind of book it's going to be, what will be left out of the initial 10,000 pages, what will be left in the german edition, what will be in the english edition, and finally, this english edition was born after a good and friendly cooperation, but sometimes we had a lot of debate a lot of sharp debate because those people who know publishing they said that i should produce a more concise edition for english and american readers. i eventually agreed, but i disagreed with some other suggestions. i am a democratically minded person, but the decisions eventually the decisions i take myself. it's my decision. mr. lamb: before we started you s

yes, gorbachev really loved his wife. he was a rare politician, especially a rare russian politician, who was devoted to his wife. many of them are woman noises, of various sorts, but he was devoted to her, and his daughter. and his granddaughters. he was a family man. —— many of them are womanisers. but his wife had never proved able to tolerate the slings and arrows which descended on the gorbachevs as the project stumbled and struggled. unlike him, she took it all to heart and it wore her down, and as he himself said, it really killed her.— it really killed her. you talked about _ it really killed her. you talked about his - it really killed her. you talked about his sense| it really killed her. you l talked about his sense of humour, that he was funny. can you tell us how that came across to you?— you tell us how that came across to ou? ~ , across to you? well, i remember across to you? well, i remember a ear across to you? well, i remember a year after _ across to you? well, i remember a year after i _ across

as a result of that dialogue gorbachev and u. s. president reagan signed the 1st of many disarmament treaties in 1987. it was the beginning of the end of the cold war in 1990 gorbachev was awarded the nobel peace prize for his key role in bringing about a new peaceful world order. internationally, he was highly regarded but at home he was increasingly under pressure. the economic situation was dire. the soviet union on the verge of falling apart. communist hard liners, staged a coup against gorbachev in 1091 and put the soviet leader under house arrest and his holiday retreat in crimea. one man stopped the boris yeltsin, the russian president gorbachev was allowed to return to moscow. but politically, he was ruined. he else in band the communist party and publicly humiliated coverage of new selma jojo sure, issued shortly afterwards, the soviet union was dissolved in december 1991 mikhail gorbachev announced his resignation. his attempts to regain political ground in the new russia failed. many russians held him responsible for t

as a result of that dialogue gorbachev, an u. s. president reagan signed the 1st of many disarmament treaties in 1987. it was the beginning of the end of the cold war. in 1990 gorbachev was awarded the nobel peace prize for his key role in bringing about a new peaceful world order. internationally, he was highly regarded but at home he was increasingly under pressure. the economic situation was dire. the soviet union on the verge of falling apart, communist hardliners stage, a coup against gorbachev in 1091 and put the soviet leader under house arrest and his holiday retreat in crimea. one man stopped the boris yeltsin, the russian president gorbachev was allowed to return to moscow, but politically, he was ruined. he else in band the communist party and publicly humiliated coverage of you. so yeah, you're sure you should. shortly afterwards, the soviet union was dissolved in december 1991 mikhail gorbachev announced his resignation. his attempts to regain political ground in the new russia failed. many russians held him responsi

we know that mikhail gorbachev supported the 2014 annexation of crimea. but what happened afterwards? it's not so clear me, do we have an idea of what gorbachev thought about vladimir putin in the invasion of ukraine? you know, brent, i think that's my impression. gorbachev was always very careful to keep his bill to himself. and although he had some hints that he was disappointed with what happened from the 24th of every over this 8 years since put in invaded crane 2014. she never said any word of direct criticism. he supported, as he said, the annexation, he supposed to put his policies that his official, what he thought maybe will know eventually, but not now. his public record remains as such. constant innagot is always with excellent insight. russia and the passing of mikhail gorbachev. constantine, thank you. experts from the u. n's nuclear watchdog are on their way to these operates in nuclear power plant in ukraine to carry out long awaited inspections. now to get there. they have to cross the front line between the city of separates which are sti

a cal gorbachev. the former soviet leader who helped to bring the cold war to a peaceful conclusion has died at the age of 91 after a long illness. with policies that produce free speech and reform within the communist bloc. corporate shove, forged a new dialogue with the west. it was one about ultimately brought down the iron curtain that had divided europe since 1945 and put germany on track to re unification. ah, mikhail gorbachev arrived in freedom followed when he visited east berlin for the ged asked 40th anniversary celebrations. gorbachev urged it shaneka to implement reforms. he warned the east german leader saying, life punishes those who come too late. a month after his visit, the violin fell, and with the iron curtain that had divided europe for decades. it was gorbachev's reformers, policies that helped unleash a peaceful revolution across eastern europe. douglas, as yet he laid out his agenda in his 1st beach as leader of the soviet union. works out a stark contrast to what had gone befo

when you mention mikhail gorbachev's _ war. when you mention mikhail gorbachev's name, _ war. when you mention mikhail gorbachev's name, how- war. when you mention mikhail gorbachev's name, how do - war. when you mention mikhail i gorbachev's name, how do russian people respond?— gorbachev's name, how do russian people respond? dependent on which russians you — people respond? dependent on which russians you talk _ people respond? dependent on which russians you talk to. _ people respond? dependent on which russians you talk to. middle-class, i russians you talk to. middle—class, prosperous russians who did well out of russia joined the world economy so the benefits he brought, so the benefits he brought for peace. for normal, working—class, patriotic and nationalistic russians, he was the man who destroyed their state and the man who inflicted several years of economic misery. he was deeply, deeply unpopular among the vast majority of the russian people. he was celebrated abroad but dismissed at home. do you think in his heart of hearts he would have liked to have swa

. funeral will be held in moscow on saturday, november 30th imaquele gorbachev's. first speech as leader of the soviet union. it was clear, he was a stark contrast to his predecessors one year we had for you was the order, right, right. every piece and freedom is the most important basic right of each individual for our kilobit. gorbachev wanted to change the soviet union to bring it closer to the people. he promoted glass, nest openness, and perestroika reforms to words that will forever be associated with hen. his new outlook was popular with many his policies also applied to the military, despite the resistance of soviet generals into us here, we are for as long as i am convinced that we will also have to reform our military . but we have far too many weapons, love, sickly. we have to seek dialogue with other superpowers and reduce our arsenals to a reasonable extent in the yourself. as a result of that dialogue. gorbachev and you as president reagan find the 1st of many disarmament treaties in 1987. it was the beginning of the end of the cold war in october 198

., gorbachev. i remember when he came over with his — gorbachev. i remember when he came over with his government _ gorbachev. i remember when he came over with his government and - gorbachev. i remember when he came over with his government and we i gorbachev. i remember when he came over with his government and we had i over with his government and we had a day of talks between our government and hits. he was immensely impressive. the way his ministers spoke like a conductor controls an orchestra. i am my wife and john major went out to dinner, that was fascinating because as the dinner went on he relaxed in the became very frank. talking about the problems that we have about controlling our capitalistic economy during a recession. he was talking very frankly about the almost impossibility of running a communist control economy. he told me a wonderfuljoke about it which is too long for me to review on bbc. the extent to which he was disillusioned with the underlying system he had operate. he wi

gorbachev. the kremlin is expressing condolences over his passing. his office had said earlier he was undergoing treatment at a hospital. bret baier takes a look at gorbachev's unique place in history. >> my kale gorbachev born on march 22nd. southern russian village. he was a full member of the communist party and in june 1955 graduated law school. he met a philosophy student. the two married a year after mikhail graduated. preparing for a life in the party he worked his way up the ladder serving a number of posts including positions in propaganda and agriculture. he served as con stan anyone second in command for a year. which cher thank co-died march 10th, 1985, gorbachev was elected the following day. was perhaps one of the most influential reformers in his time. his policies were economic and political restructuring and gas knows or openness served as a hinge on the door for major changes in the former soviet union. we need a revolution of the mind, he said, as he opened the flood gates to