Over the past six decades, United Nations (UN) peace keeping operations have constituted one of the major components of the international security apparatus. Since its first mission in the UN Truce Supervision Operation (UNTSO) on the Arab-Israeli border in 1948, UN peace keeping has experienced both early successes in Guatemala, El Salvador, Mozambique, and Cambodia and a series of disastrous failures in Somalia, Rwanda, and Bosnia in the mid 1990s. Since the end of the Cold War, the UN...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
Normally, military reservists who perform at least 20 years of creditable service are eligible to receive retirement pay once they have reached the age of 60. For some military reservists this could mean waiting an additional 22 years before receiving retirement pay after completing 20 years of active military service. By contrast, retired active duty military personnel can start receiving retirement pay the month following their completion of 20 years of active military service. For some...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
Chavez's Bolivarian foreign policy seeks to establish Venezuela as an international heavyweight through a strategy designed to thwart U.S. influence in the global arena, particularly in the Western Hemisphere. Accordingly, Chavez is attempting to establish or renew relationships with China, Iran, and Russia and to expand oil markets and trade, to include nuclear technology. Venezuela also has entered into contentious relations with neighboring countries. These actions and policies may...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
A key aspect of developing and executing military strategy is an intimate understanding of the interrelationships of center of gravity (COG) analysis, targeting for effect, and measuring success as well as the conditions necessary for effective application of these concepts. The goal of any strategy is to achieve the most decisive, far-reaching effects against the adversary with maxnnum efficiency. The difficulty, however, comes in determining desired effects, deciding how to best achieve those...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Lucchese, Donna, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
Deployments during Desert Storm, Somalia and Haiti produced significant lessons learned that should improve the process of mobilization and deployment of United States Army Reserve Component soldiers in the future. This study explores the preparatory phase of mobilization, assessing whether changes made to improve the process are consistent with the lessons learned. It argues that while shortfalls were identified during past mobilizations, recent changes have not achieved the desired end of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Barbisch, Donna F., ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
Almost two years before the attacks of September II, 2001,the Advisory Panel to Assess Domestic Response Capabilities for Terrorism Involving Weapons of Mass Destruction, known as the Gilmore Commission, concluded the United States lacked a coherent, functional national strategy to guide disparate counterterrorism efforts. On February 14, 2003, President George W. Bush issued the long-awaited National Strategy For Combating Terrorism. The strategy, through its AD tenets (deter, deny, diminish,...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Mendoza, Maynard M, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
Commercial companies have been implementing Enterprise Resource Planning packages since the mid-90's with varying degrees of success or failure. The military is now starting to implement ERP packages, applying commercially available software solutions that automate and integrate their business processes. Budgeters and comptrollers have a role in the ERP implementation and may greatly improve their own practices in the process. This paper will provide an ERP overview, some ERP successes, and the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Morgart, Andrew S, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
Recently the fifth goal (Goal 5: Break foreign and domestic drug sources of supply) of the United States drug policy, as delineated in the Strategic Goals and Objectives of the 2000 National Drug Control Strategy resulted in $1.3 billion of military and non-military anti-drug aid being directed toward Colombia. Possible outcomes of this direct aid to Colombia will be a greater involvement in Colombia's internal revolutions and little improvement in the domestic US drug problem. The operative...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Grotke, Mark L, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
The world is facing a paradigm shift as we enter an Information Age characterized by rapid change. The purpose of this project is to explore the implications of this new ERA on the United States Military Academy. The first part of the paper examines the forces shaping the 21st century and their relevance to the Academy's mission of developing leaders for the Army and our nation. The second and third sections look at implications on the military as an organization and individual issues related...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Whiteman, Wayne E., ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *SOCIAL COMMUNICATION, BIBLIOGRAPHIES
Physical fitness requirements mandated for soldiers in the Army after next, highlighted by our force XXI design and strategy must change to reflect a higher standard. Our current baseline of conditioning, physical strength, and cardio-vascular response required by Army regulations is not enough. As our Army revisits current debate with members of congress on the institutional challenges with gender integrated training, the above baseline becomes even more the social issue. As we assess the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Bednarek, J. M., ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
The Army's lessons learning system is looked at from the user's perspective. Initially a historical based on Dennis J. Vetock's book, A History of U.S. Army Lessons Learning, is conducted. The salient points drawn from Vetock's work are presented. First, in each war beginning with WWI a lessons system was established, but always well into the war. Second, the lessons system in each war showed the basic doctrine to be sound, but the application of the doctrine was poor. Third, there has been a...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Norris, John W, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
This paper examines the purpose of our Army in Europe and proposes new ideas for the near-term as we transform to the objective force. Despite significant down sizing after the collapse of the Soviet Union, some critics argue that we still do not have the right Army forces in Europe. They question whether our current structure there is suited to sufficiently meet our nation's strategic security needs and perhaps consumes resources that could be better spent elsewhere. Herein lies the crux of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Palumbo, Raymond P, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
The purpose of this selected bibliography is to provide the student of nuclear warfare a starting point for his research of the subject. By design, the bibliography does not contain publications dealing with arms reduction/limitations negotiations nor civil defense. However, the publications listed are located in the US Army War College Library and do provide a broad background of information for those individuals interested in nuclear warfare and the evolution of nuclear strategies over the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *NUCLEAR WARFARE, *BIBLIOGRAPHIES
The Army National Guard (ARNG) is transitioning from a train alert, mobilize, train, certify, deploy mobilization model to a new train, certify, alert, deploy model. This paper defines each model, highlights inefficiencies in the old model, and offers suggestions on what strategies should be pursued to achieve the level of readiness required to meet the time lines of the new model. The focus is on training and personnel readiness in units with discussion of family and employer readiness....
Topics: DTIC Archive, Erdley, Michael E, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
This short paper will highlight the need for a better command and control capability for the UN in the area of peace operations. It will go on to point out that this current shortcoming could be covered by using existing NATO resources under a new form of lend-lease. It will then offer an opinion as to why NATO is the only existing organization that can initiate the process by voluntarily producing a global security estimate.
Topics: DTIC Archive, MacDonald, M. G., ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
We are witnessing the early stages of a major transition in the method used by nations to resolve their problems and address their security needs. Increasingly, the United Nations is emerging during this time of transition with an expanded role as the world's preeminent supranational institution. This paper will suggest that the future strategy for global security will be discovered in the dialogue and policy consensus that is developed within the halls of the United Nations. Furthermore, this...
Topics: DTIC Archive, McCallum, Richard J, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
Current feedback from ongoing operations within Afghanistan and Iraq demands that the United States Army must take near term action in order to enhance the war fighting ability of its officer corps to operate effectively in an irregular warfare environment. The utility of a decisive war between nation states continues to decline and will eventually reach critical mass based upon the extreme imbalance of military power and a U.S. monopoly. While the likelihood of a major conflict decreases...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Paschal, David G, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
The United States Army War College Library presents Communicative Skills: A Selected Bibliography, now in its 6th edition, as an invitation for you to enjoy the wealth of materials available in our library that will help you improve your communicative skills. It includes references for books, periodical articles, video and sound recording--not about communication in general--but for readings and resources that will specifically aid you in learning to effectively express your ideas. The...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *SOCIAL COMMUNICATION, *LEARNING, BIBLIOGRAPHIES
In recent history of Africa, after colonization and the first post- colonial governments and military leadership periods, began a democratization period commencing almost immediately after the collapse of the eastern bloc. Many African nations are now going through a process of democratization. Depending on the country, this process can take various shapes and directions. In the former French colonies the so-called 'national conference' has become the most common way to access democracy. It is...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Djibo, Tahirou, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *AFRICA, *DEMOCRACY
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WARFARE, ARMY RESEARCH
The chaos and interconnected messes of the contemporary operating environment has increased the fog and friction in which strategic leaders must think and devise strategies. Today's ever increasing wicked problems have resulted in a search, by strategic leaders, for the ideal thinking model to organize, frame and ensure relevancy of thought to meet the envisioned ends. A recent model, proposed as a means of thinking and adopted by the United States Army War College frames and assists strategic...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *STRATEGY, *SYSTEMS APPROACH, LEADERSHIP
Stability Operations are a core U.S. Military mission that the Department of Defense shall be prepared to conduct and support. They shall be given priority comparable to combat operations and be explicitly addressed and integrated across all DoD activities including doctrine, organizations, training, education, exercise, material, leadership, personnel, facilities, and planning. (DODD 3000.05) This Student Research Project (SRP) examines the possibility of establishing a Military Police...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *MILITARY POLICE, *PEACEKEEPING, STABILITY, ARMY
The battle of the Atlantic is perhaps the most pivotal battle of the Second World War. In it, Germany's use of asymmetric warfare, mines and submarines, once again threatened Britain's economic survival. Although Hitler correctly identified Britain's economy as its center of gravity and had success in attacking it through 1943, he failed to demonstrate the strategic vision necessary to achieve a decisive victory in the Atlantic. Hitler failed because he did not grasp the impact that submarine...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kosich, Francis X, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, NATIONAL SEC
Topics: DTIC Archive, Shope, Virginia, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *LOW INTENSITY CONFLICT
The essay compares the principles of guerrilla warfare as described by Mao Tse-tung and T. E. Lawrence. It is found that the similarities far outnumber the differences. Major points of agreement and disagreement are noted and some lessons to be learned are enumerated.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Anderson, Donald N, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *GUERRILLA WARFARE
The validity of education in virtues for leaders has been stressed for centuries. However, the current trend focuses instead on cognitive and managerial aspects of leadership, minimizing the importance of the virtues and therefore, of character. In order to demonstrate the influence that virtues have in the achievement of strategic leadership competencies, this paper analyzes the relationship between them. Based on the identified relationships, the paper suggests the advantages of considering...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *LEADERSHIP, COGNITION, EDUCATION, MANAGEMENT,...
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of strategic vision formulation in general and in the U.S. Army, to suggest some areas in which the Army excels, and to recommend improvements in the Army processes which contribute to vision creation. In order to examine the process of formulating strategic vision, there is discussion of vision and of the visionary leader. This is because there are conflicting views about what vision is and is not and there is no established description of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kennedy, Claudia J, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *ARMY, VISION
Terrorism as a means for political and social influence has been, and continues to be, a serious problem in the US. But effective law enforcement and changing political and social conditions have kept it from getting out of hand. International terrorism directed against US citizens and property abroad will continue to be a major problem for he foreseeable future. International terrorist organiztions, supported by totalitarian states, are engaged in declared war against the US and the west. The...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Fuller,Cornell, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *TERRORISM, SOURCES,...
This report is on ARMS CONTROL: A SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY, now in its second edition, includes recently published books, documents, videos and periodical articles which are readily available in the US Army War College Library. Researchers may also wish to consult the previous edition, compiled May 1984, which covers similar publications received in the Library prior to that date. (kt)
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *ARMS CONTROL, BOOKS, PERIODICALS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES
This article addresses the following issue: What is the role of the Chinese People's Liberation Army in the Political Socialization of the Chinese People?
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *MILITARY FORCES(FOREIGN), *CHINA, *POPULATION
All opening gambits in WW II were initiated by surprise (Denmark and Norway, France and the Low Countries, Russia and Pearl Harbor). The early war period provides an excellent laboratory for the study of the art of surprise and deception and offers many lessons for today's military planner. Surprise and, to a lesser degree, deception have long been recognized as elements of combat power. This study examines surprise and deception from the perspective of major military operations and campaigns...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Reuss, Robert, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *DECEPTION, MILITARY OPERATIONS
With the 1982 revision of the Army's basic manual on doctrine, Field Manual 100-5, a new term officially entered the Army's lexicon. The official recognition that there was such a thing as the operational level of war was long overdue, but the appearance of this new term in conjunction with the promulgation of a new doctrine-AirLand Battle-quite naturally led to a presumption that the two concepts were related. They are not. Airland Battle is a tactical doctrine, a doctrine essentially oriented...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *MILITARY DOCTRINE, MILITARY TACTICS, REPRINTS
While substantial effort has been and continues to be expended in developing the theories governing the conduct of war, not as much comparative effort has been given to addressing the means by which various levels of conflict can be anticipated and averted. What is required is a unifying theory of war AND that of 'conflicted peace' that addresses the conditions and preventive activities associated with the transition from each. This paper better defines and expands the traditional theory of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *WARFARE, DETERRENCE, CONFLICT, COMPETITION,...
Transnational crime is a growing global problem, with crimes like illegal fishing, logging, immigration, smuggling, narcotics trading and piracy posing significant security problems. The rise of non-state actors and technological advancement, coupled with globalization are key issues contributing to transnational crime. Indonesia, comprised of over 200 million inhabitants and more than 17,000 islands, is located in a key geostrategic position between the Indian and Pacific oceans and numerous...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *CRIMES, *TERRORISM, *INDONESIA, THREATS, GLOBAL,...
In the 21st century, the United States will increasingly rely on cyberspace to advance its national interests within a strategic environment characterized by volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity. Concurrently, our adversaries are afforded increased opportunities to undermine our efforts by conducting a broad spectrum of nefarious activities in the digital domain. While not all of their acts will pose a direct and imminent threat to the nation s security, some will. Given these...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *CYBERWARFARE, COMPUTER NETWORKS, LEADERSHIP,...
On January 25th, 1977, Andrei Dimitrievich Sakharov, one of the Soviet Union's most brilliant physicists, was summoned before the Prosecutor General of the USSR and ordered to recant a statement he and other dissidents had made regarding a bomb explosion that had taken place earlier that month in a Moscow subway. In the statement, Sakharov and the others intimated that the blast, in which six or seven passengers had been killed and numerous others injured, had been executed by the Committee of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *USSR, *CENSORSHIP, COMMUNISM, LEADERSHIP,...
NATO operations in Libya, though considered a success by many, highlighted significant weaknesses in the alliance s ability to execute even a small air campaign against a technically inferior adversary. Operation Unified Protector also exposed a disparity in the ability and willingness of NATO members to contribute, a divergence in interests for member nations and a growing capabilities gap. Additionally, in today s challenging fiscal environment, NATO s ability to address these weaknesses and...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *LIBYA, *POLITICAL ALLIANCES, CONFLICT,...
The United States Army has undergone dramatic changes in operations as well as support activities since that fateful day in September, 2001. These changes have been marked by supplemental budgets, new equipment and increased contractor utilization. As a result of these changes, there has been a dramatic shift in the reliance on contracted support by the U.S. Army. This reliance will have strategic implications which will affect the military profession as we face conflicts in the future. In...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION, BUDGETS, ARMY...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *MILITARY FORCES(UNITED STATES), BIBLIOGRAPHIES,...
This paper offers the option of deterrence as opposed to preemption as part of a broader counter-terror strategy. It by no means proffers that this course of action is the only one that may or may not be feasible, but it does take a hard line approach to solving a seemingly unsolvable problem by a means that many have forsaken. In order to deter, one must be willing to punish. A nation must be willing to accept a certain amount of world condemnation for its actions. If a nation is not steadfast...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *DETERRENCE, BALANCE OF POWER, COUNTERTERRORISM,...
Since the end of the Cold War, security analysts have built a veritable cottage industry dealing in gloomy global futures. The rise of so-called super-empowered transnational actors whose competition with states threatens to deepen critical sovereignty deficits is central to many of these assessments. Consequently, observations of fragmented political authority, fluid territorial boundaries, divided loyalties, amongst other discomfiting trends, represent the decline of the Westphalian state...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *NATIONAL SECURITY, COMMUNITY RELATIONS,...
As someone with firsthand experience, fighting against terrorism, I will attempt to explain these fanatic extremist groups who used a religion of tolerance and transformed it to a fatal arsenal, to disrupt and destroy the values and ethics of a whole nation.
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *TERRORISM, ETHICS, ISLAM, RELIGION, STRATEGY,...
The 2011 Army Posture Statement posits that the benefits of the Army Force Generation (ARFORGEN) as a supply based model have yet to be realized because the high demand for war-fighting capabilities exceeded sustainable supply since its implementation. This assertion is erroneous because it overemphasizes supply of units or capabilities over the quality of the units and/or capabilities provided, and disregards all of the institutional efforts required to produce those units and/or capabilities...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *ARMY OPERATIONS, *MILITARY SUPPLIES, ARMY...
Military victory alone does not resolve the conflict that precipitates the use of force. Unfortunately, latent conflicts are being resurrected world-wide, thereby increasing the potential for U.S. involvement. The problem is that conflict resolution is not well understood. As a result, conflicts seem to assume a cyclic characteristic, perpetuated by the renewed efforts of succeeding generations. The intent of this paper is to improve our understanding of conflict resolution. Theoretical...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Rios, Leon H, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *CONFLICT, MODELS, CYCLES
When one mentions Vince Lombardi's name, people immediately associate it with the Green Bay Packers and the dynasty he created within the National Football League (NFL). As head coach and general manager of the Packers from 1958 to 1967, Lombard guided the organization to five NFL championships and back-to-back Super Bowl titles. Without question, Vince Lombard was a successful coach. However, there were other successful coaches in the league, who also believed in discipline, consistency;...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Buckman, Belinda L, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *LEADERSHIP, STRATEGY,...
The Angolan Civil War-with the United States and the People's Republic of China supplying aid to the National Front for the Liberation of Angola (FNLA) and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNIT A), and with the Soviet Union and Cuba supplying aid to the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA)-provides an excellent backdrop to examine the boundaries and limits of detente and peaceful coexistence as defined by the Soviet Union and to study policy toward one...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *CHINA, *ANGOLA, *UNITED STATES, DETENTE, REPRINTS
This report includes references for books, periodical articles, video and sound recordings for readings and resources that will specifically aid you in learning to effectively express your ideas. The bibliography is subdivided into nine communicative skills so that you can concentrate on the area you would most like to strengthen. However, we urge you to take full advantage of the entire bibliography since many of the readings will be valuable in developing more than one skill.
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *ACOUSTIC RECORDING SYSTEMS, LEARNING, SKILLS,...
We in the military often are accused falsely of preparing to fight not the next war but the last. That criticism is not well placed: we are not, for the most part, obtuse enough to fight yesterday's war-but we might be doing something worse still. When we think about the possibilities of conflict we tend to invent for ourselves a comfortable vision of war, a theater with battlefields we know, conflict that fits our understanding of strategy and tactics, a combat environment that is consistent...
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *UNCONVENTIONAL WARFARE, DISASTERS, VISION,...
The US military has made considerable progress in developing counterinsurgency (COIN) strategy and doctrine, including the publication of Army Field Manual 3-24 and the military's successes in working with the population to stem the insurgency in Iraq. The short-term goals of COIN are now fairly well understood: engage the population and win their support. Whichever side wins the support of the population-either the host nation (and US forces that support it) or the insurgents?wins the battle....
Topics: DTIC Archive, ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA, *COUNTERINSURGENCY, POPULATION, INSURGENCY,...
