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Topics: Class 4, English Second Language
Source: KTBS
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Topics: Class 8, English Second Language
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Topics: Class 9, English Second Language
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Topics: Class 7, English Second Language
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Topics: Class 10, English Second Language
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The Children's English and Services Study was a project designed to assess the bilingual education needs of limited English speaking children in the United States. The submission of a draft final report prompted the present report from the sponsoring organization, in which various methodological procedures are questioned and recommendations are made for the revision of the final report. The three analytical issues involved are: (1) were the items selected for inclusion in the Language...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Evaluation Methods, Language Proficiency, Testing
These two line-drawing picture books accompany Books V and VI of the Curriculum Improvement Program in English Language Skills for Schools of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands materials. See AL 002 137. (AMM)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Charts, Cross Cultural Studies, English (Second Language), Language Instruction
Lexicographers have been arguing for the inclusion of abstract and complex grammatical information in dictionaries. This paper examines the extent to which information about quantifiers and the argument structure of verbs is encoded in English learner's dictionaries. The Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary (1989), the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (1987) and the Collins COBUILD Dictionary of the English Language (1987) are surveyed with reference to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Dictionaries, English (Second Language), Grammar, Second Language Learning, Verbs
This paper investigates the impact of English as an international language on the German language and society. Even though English has influenced German linguistically for many years, the growing importance of English as a global language, and the increasingly dominant lingua franca in Europe, has drastically increased the presence of English in many domains of German life. This paper examines the role of English in contemporary German society, its impact on the German language, and attitudes...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, German, Sociolinguistics, Harris,...
This document consists of the first four issues of a quarterly newsletter devoted to providing assistance to refugee service provisions across the United States in regard to English Language Training. Articles include the following: nature and national activities of the English Language Training Technical Assistance Project (ELT/TA); profiles of the organizations acting in partnership with the project; the National Clearinghouse on English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) Literacy Education;...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Classroom Techniques, Curriculum Design, English (Second Language),...
Foreign language tests fall into two classes, according to their purposes. The first class, tests used for the control of instruction, may be achievement or diagnostic tests. The second class of tests, used in the control of a person's career, may be concerned with what the subject can do, or what he should be able to do in the future. The temporal distinction is less important than the major functional one; exactly the same test can serve as a diagnostic test before some material i s taught,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Language Tests, Test Validity, Spolsky, Bernard
The three issues of the periodic newsletter contain professional news, program descriptions, and articles addressing issues in English language training for limited-English-proficient workers. Topics include educating refugees and immigrants for work, techniques for combining language development with career awareness, the design of a successful welfare-to-work program, and several conferences on employment-focused adult education. (Adjunct ERIC Clearinghouse on Literacy Education) (MSE)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, Career Awareness, Education Work Relationship, Employment Potential,...
This guide outlines a curriculum designed to provide English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) life-skills instruction for refugees in the Chicago metropolitan area, concentrating on the Level One survival skills. Non-Southeast Asians account for more than half of those served, all of whom receive, or are at risk of receiving, public assistance. Most are aged 25-40 years, and two-thirds have been in the United States for longer than 6 months. Approximately 50% have 0-3 years of education in their own...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Check Lists, Competency Based Education, Curriculum Guides, Daily Living Skills,...
The teaching of Standard English as a second dialect is discussed from the viewpoints of authors who oppose it as well as of authors who support it. (DB)
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Linguistics, Nonstandard Dialects, TENL, Hoffman, Melvin J.
Based upon selected aspects of the theory of definition as proposed by Leonard (1967), results of the different conceptions of language proficiency are discussed. Properties of definitions, such as ambiguity and vagueness, and basic rules for defining terms are applied to current definitions of language proficiency in order to evaluate their adequacy. Rules of definition include clarity, avoidance of figurative language, avoidance of simple synonyms, and provision of the essential...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Bilingualism, Definitions, English (Second Language), Language Proficiency, Second...
A varieties grammar (VG) attempts to provide a unifying apparatus for various kinds of language varieties: diatopic, diastratic, and diatypic. The notion of "family grammar" appears to be especially useful in that process since it permits the postulation of a supergrammar for the whole family as well as that of subgrammars for the individual members. In order to restrict the scope of a VG, the present approach defines varieties as typolects, which are interpreted as contrasting with...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English for Special Purposes, English (Second Language), Grammar, Language Variation
Transitivity in the English verb is examined from the perspectives of the linguistic theorist and the second language instructor. English verbs can be assigned to one of six categories: pure intransitives, causative-inchoative verbs, psych-movement verbs, cross-classification verbs, direct object deletions, and pure transitives. Both syntacticians and English as a second language teachers face theoretical problems in determing the boundaries between these categories and defining membership in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Linguistic Theory, Second Language Instruction, Syntax,...
Hundreds of thousands of Ethiopians have been forced to flee their country by a repressive regime, a civil war, and an international conflict. These people inhabited a highland plateau cut by deep river valleys and bordered by seas, deserts, and jungles. Ethiopians have diverse backgrounds and speak many languages. Through their long history they have been largely free from outside domination, and have therefore developed a unique culture as evidenced by styles of food, dress, time measurement,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Amharic, Cultural Background, English (Second Language), History, Refugees, Semitic...
Many films are based on novels. However, each of them uses different ways to tell the similar stories. The paper discusses the differences from several aspects in terms of their nature, ways of narration, as well as the effect they bring about. It mainly focuses on the special benefits of using films in English language teaching. Finally, a sample film-based activity which could be used to enhance language classroom is illustrated.
Topics: ERIC Archive, Films, English (Second Language), Novels, Comparative Analysis, Narration, Bao, Bo
A discussion of English as a Second Language (ESL) in the workplace looks at current challenges and future educational needs. It begins with an overview of adult immigrant demographics in the United States and federal government conclusions about the kinds of skills needed by this population. Challenges facing immigrant workplace education are then reviewed. They include the volume of services needed, fragmentation of service delivery, reluctance to offer ESL in the workplace when it is...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Demography, Education Work Relationship, Employment Potential, English (Second...
To strengthen the professional competence and basic ability is the objective requirements of the Chinese higher vocational college English teaching, while the positioning of the teaching objectives is partial to a "prisoner's dilemma" in game situations that any party will result in. To get rid of the "dilemma", we have to adopt strategies to coordinate them by cultivating students' ability to transform their English knowledge to English applying, select or prepare a variety...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, English (Second Language), College Second Language Programs,...
Any employment-related English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) program, whether conducted on the job or as pre-employment training, results from five steps: conducting a need analysis of the language and cultural awareness needed to perform successfully in the workplace; developing a curriculum, based on objectives, that identifies and prioritizes tasks and skills for verbal interaction on the job; planning instruction; determining instructional strategies that keep the class focused on objectives...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Curriculum Development, English (Second Language), Inplant Programs, Program Design,...
In 2003 the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) strengthened the provisions that English be made available for international radiotelephony communication. ICAO also developed standards for English proficiency for international pilots and air traffic controllers. However, these standards are applied variably from country to country and in no country are native speakers of English tested for their ability to employ what has been termed "interactional competence" when using...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Vocational English (Second Language), Aviation Education, Intercultural...
This issue of R&D Alert focuses on a perennial challenge in education and human development: how to make the most of information, whether test results, research findings, or other data. What happens with all the data generated by testing students? How is it ensured that the information is accurate, relevant, and timely? How do the results translate into improvements in practice? This issue's contents include: (1) From the CEO: On Using Data to Drive Reform; (2) Using Data for...
Topics: ERIC Archive, State Standards, Academic Achievement, Accountability, English (Second Language),...
CATESOL is an acronym for the California Association of Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages. "The CATESOL Journal" states that it is published annually, but in some years (1994 and 1996), it has had two issues. This document consists of the first eleven consecutive issues of the journal, from November 1988 through 1996 (8 years). Periodically the journal devotes entire issues to specific themes: "Content-Based Instruction" (v5 n1 Apr 1992); "Incorporating...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Intercultural Communication, Language Teachers, Reading...
The nine issues of this periodic newsletter contain professional news and articles addressing issues in English language training for limited-English-proficient workers, including "English Language Training for Employment Participation," a description of resources and programs; "CalWORKS: What Does This Legislation Allow Me To Teach?" a discussion of a California welfare reform bill and its implications for English language training; ""Why SCANS?" a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Education, English (Second Language), Immigrants, Limited English Speaking,...
English phrases with Lao translations are presented under the following headings: coping with the language barrier, useful forms of etiquette, giving information about yourself, recognizing signs, converting weights and measures, using numbers, dealing with money, dealing with time, locating things, describing things and people, doing things, going places, conveying information, health, food, clothing, housing, jobs, and about schools. Lao-English and English-Lao lists of useful words are...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Bilingual Instructional Materials, English (Second Language), Lao, Second Language...
This annotated bibliography aims to present the latest resources, published and electronic, in the field of second language learning and teaching related to English Language Learners (ELLs). Various databases, assessments, books, handouts, journal articles, papers, reports, and Web sites are included. When possible, the annotations are made directly from the reference being presented. Assessment Resource Library shelf numbers are included at the end of each entry. (Contains 109 references.)...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Annotated Bibliographies, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction,...
The process, content, and effect of revision in the writing process is analyzed in light of recent writing process research. Taylor calls for an approach to English as second language composition in which students are taught how to write with an emphasis on revision. Most authorities agree that revision entails a complex set of behaviors that occur throughout the writing process. Studies of revision content indicate that some revision processes, even the more complex ones, can be taught to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Writing (Composition), Writing Instruction, Writing...
This paper addresses the issue of the relationship between World Englishes (WE) and applied linguistics. The diffusion of English is seen in terms of three concentric circles: the Inner Circle (first-language varieties, e.g., the United States, United Kingdom), the Outer Circle (English-as-a-Second-Language varieties), and the Expanding Circle (English-as-a-Foreign-Language varieties). The discussion is essentially restricted to the Outer Circle in which the institutionalized non-native...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Applied Linguistics, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, Language...
These English Language Proficiency Test Pictures were prepared for the Curriculum Improvement Program in English Language Skills for Schools of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. For a description of the Program and other tests used in the Program, see AL 002 134. (AMM)
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Equivalency Tests, Instructional Materials, Language...
A NEW METHOD OF TEACHING WRITING TO STUDENTS OF ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IS PRESENTED. THE AUTHOR DEFINES LEARNING TO WRITE, WHICH IS ESSENTIALLY DIFFERENT FROM THE OTHER LANGUAGE SKILLS (ORAL PRODUCTION, GRAMMAR, AND READING), AS A PROCESS THAT REQUIRES ACTIVE THOUGHT IN THE NECESSARY SELECTION AND ORGANIZATION OF EXPERIENCE. WRITING INSTRUCTION, THEREFORE, MUST INCLUDE EXERCISES NECESSITATING INTENSE CONCENTRATION. IN PLANNING A WRITING CURRICULUM THE FOLLOWING POINTS SHOULD BE KEPT IN...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Language Instruction, Teaching Methods, Writing Skills,...
Teaching writing is the frustrating part of teaching English as a second language, yet a secondary-school level student who is literate in his own language can be guided into writing a simple paragraph in English soon after he can read one. Guided writing limits the variety of errors a student can make, gives repeated practice in using a selected sentence pattern correctly, prepares a student to write freely with a manageable number of errors, and allows him to write confidently with no fear of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Teaching Methods, Writing Exercises, Writing Skills,...
Reading is an important skill that individuals learn along their lives and that is a determinant of success in all areas of personal development. Typical English language learners (ELLs) experience the reading process in a similar way as their monolingual peers. However, all individuals are equipped with different skills and have different needs. Dyslexia, a neurobiological deficit in origin, is commonly undiagnosed and leads to academic failure. Between 10 to 15 percent of the population have...
Topics: Dyslexia, ELLs, English second language, Orton-Gillinham approach, Phonemic awareness, Spanish...
The feasibility of using linear and equipercentile equating methods (W. H. Angoff, 1984) to equate forms of the Test of Written English (TWE) by using the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) as an anchor was explored. These two equating methods assume that either the TOEFL test and TWE test measure the same skills or that the examinee groups across TWE administrations are equivalent in skills. The differences between equated and observed scores (equating residuals) and differences...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Equated Scores, Evaluation Methods, Test Format, Test Use
This paper addresses the concerns of Sir Randolph Quirk, former President of the British Academy and founder of the Survey of English Usage, regarding current paradigms used for describing various issues related to the diffusion of English in the global context. The historical context for these concerns is provided, a discussion of these concerns in terms of myths and multilingual realities is presented, and the application of Quirk's concerns to language policy is highlighted. (JL)
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, Language Standardization, Policy...
The uneven but continuing emigration of Soviet Jews since 1972 has been brought about by government policies that are all but openly anti-Semitic. More than 80,000 of these refugees have settled in the United States, many in New York City. They come from a population that is highly urbanized and well educated. Most speak Russian but identify themselves as Jews, even though only a minority maintain active contact with their religion. Their history in the Soviet Union is long and complex, with...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Contrastive Linguistics, Cultural Background, English (Second Language), History,...
This paper discusses the impact of increasing immigration on English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) course offerings, presents the results of the 1998 National Curriculum Study, and examines existing ESL curriculum course designs through an analysis of selected course catalogs. The 1998 National Curriculum Study revealed that ESL programs are a significant component to most community college curricula. Out of a sample of 164 community colleges, 90 institutions offered ESL courses, a 15% increase...
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Curriculum, College Role, Community Colleges, English (Second Language),...
This handbook contains several different sections to aid volunteers teaching English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) to refugees. Part 1, "Getting Started," discusses cultural differences and difficulties the students may encounter. Part 2, "Mechanics of Teaching," offers tips on teaching refugees and general teaching methods. Lesson planning, assessment and mapping, and evaluating progress are covered in Part 3 "Assessment and Lesson Planning." A general overview of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Curriculum Guides, English (Second Language), Evaluation Methods, Instructional...
In this project, I explain a framework for the evaluation of testing procedures in web-based language learning programs containing four dimensions: construct validity, reliability, authenticity and impact. Qualitative, open-ended criteria are proposed and applied in an n=1 case study format. The evaluated program shows little validity with its stated objectives, tending towards informal, pre-communicative assessment that reduces the status of teachers and frames student performance in terms of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Program Effectiveness, Internet, Validity, Construct Validity, English (Second...
The English "who,""whom," and "whose" words are presented in this illustrated booklet on pronouns for speakers with limited English proficiency. A supplemental section, Tutor Notes, explains that the use of pronouns is imperative in adult literacy training. Since pronouns abound in long vowels and irregular spellings, they are not introduced in the Laubach system until Skill Book III. Pronouns are used in this book at the first and second skill level because...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Literacy, English (Second Language), Literacy Education, Pronouns, Second...
Newspapers can be inexpensive and useful tools in the literacy classroom, but newspapers written for native English speakers are not always appropriate for English-as-as-Second-Language (ESL) students. Adapting the newspaper to classroom instruction is a natural way to introduce students to cultural and linguistic concepts. The newspaper can be used for ESL students at all proficiency levels. Many practitioners have compiled detailed and level-appropriate lists of classroom activities for using...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Literacy, Class Activities, English (Second Language), Instructional Materials,...
THE AUTHOR DISCUSSES THE "PRACTICE CLASS" AS IT IS IMPLEMENTED IN THE FINAL YEAR OF THE FIVE-YEAR COURSE FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS OF ENGLISH AT THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF TRUJILLO. THE PERUVIAN STUDENT-TEACHER (WITH 56 HOURS OF THEORETICAL INSTRUCTION, IN ADDITION TO A BACKGROUND IN LINGUISTICS), CONDUCTS A MINIMUM OF 15 ONE-HOUR PRACTICE CLASSES APPROVED AND SUPERVISED BY APPOINTED MEMBERS OF THE STAFF. THE PRACTICE CLASSES ARE CARRIED OUT IN LOCAL SECONDARY SCHOOLS WITH GROUPS...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Student Teaching, Teacher Education, Teaching Methods,...
Stated positively, the experienced foreign teacher of English comes to the United States to improve his English teaching abilities. Stated negatively, he comes, more often than not, to retrain rather than expand, to correct faulty language skills and improper or non-productive teaching practices. Identified here are some of the major problem areas (1) concerning these students: lack of high and continuing motivation, heavy burden of investment and unrealistic expectation on the part of the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, English (Second Language), Foreign Students, Teacher Education, Teacher Education...
This paper presents an argument that language-use in multilingual mathematics classrooms in South Africa is as much a function of politics as it is of cognition and communication. It draws from a wider study focusing on language practices in intermediate multilingual mathematics classrooms in South Africa. In the study the notion of cultural models (Gee, 1999) is used as an analytic tool to describe and explain the language practices in a multilingual Grade 4 mathematics classroom where...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Multilingualism, Foreign Countries, Grade 4, Mathematics Instruction, English (Second...
The Southwestern Cooperative Educational Laboratory is currently field testing a set of instructional materials for teaching English language speaking and listening skills in preschool and first grade classes. The Oral Language Program (OLP) is directed at providing non-English speaking youngsters with a fluent, independent speaking ability in English and with facility in understanding spoken English considered prerequisite to formal reading instruction. It is designed for use daily by one...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Early Childhood Education, English Curriculum, English (Second Language),...
To assist the learner of English as a second language in dealing with the various services provided by the post office, a series of dialogs, comprehension questions, readings, and points of discussion are presented. The text is illustrated with sample forms. (JB)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction, Secondary...
This document consists of three year's worth (18 consecutive issues), 1995-1998, of the periodical "Hands-on English." This serial publication is intended for teachers and tutors of adult English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL). Each issue contains editorials, letters to the editor, teaching and learning activities, teaching tips, instructional tools and techniques, crossword puzzles, and news and notes. The articles and ideas are contributed by experienced teachers and tutors, including...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adult Students, Classroom Techniques, English (Second Language), Learning Activities,...
This paper reports on a study that attempts to investigate the acquisition orders of the English interrogatives established in three groups of Cantonese classroom learners. A goal of the study is to examine the effect of formal instruction on second language acquisition, to discover whether different intensity of classroom instruction has an effect on the acquisition order. Within the framework of the study, an attempt was made to separate interlanguage (IL) knowledge from production, with an...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Cantonese, Classroom Environment, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries,...
The purpose of this guide is to provide Americans who are teaching English to the Hmongs with a set of pronunciation lessons. These lessons are geared both to the particular problems Hmong speakers have in learning English, and to the particular pedagogical problems involved in teaching pronunciation to students who are for the most part illiterate in their native language. The 28 lessons deal with specific sounds. Teaching hints are offered, and list of sources for further reference is...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Asian Americans, English (Second Language), Illiteracy, Indochinese, Pronunciation...