42
42
Sep 30, 2014
09/14
by
Microsoft Research
movies
eye 42
favorite 0
comment 0
Heterogeneous multi-core processors, such as the IBM Cell processor, can deliver high performance. However, these processors are notoriously difficult to program: different cores support different instruction set architectures, and the processor as a whole does not provide coherence between the different cores' local memories. Hera-JVM is an implementation of the Java Virtual Machine which operates over the Cell processor, thereby making this platform more readily accessible to mainstream...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Video Archive, Galen Hunt, Ross McIlroy
58
58
May 7, 2014
05/14
by
Microsoft Research
movies
eye 58
favorite 0
comment 0
Despite decades of research in fault tolerance, commodity operating systems, such as Windows and Linux, continue to crash. In this talk, I will describe a new reliability subsystem for operating systems that prevents the most common cause of crashes, device driver failures, without requiring changes to drivers themselves. To date, the subsystem has been used in Linux to prevent system crashes in the presence of driver failures, recover failed drivers transparently to the OS and applications,...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Video Archive, Galen Hunt, Michael Swift
34
34
May 6, 2014
05/14
by
Microsoft Research
movies
eye 34
favorite 0
comment 0
Traditional Operating System design has been primarily motivated by the need of optimizing system-wide efficiency factors defined in terms of average throughput or utilization. However, with the increase in processor speed and other resources, it is possible to provide better guaranty and predictability in the performance of individual applications, as perceived at the user level, without incurring significant loss in system-wide efficiency. A QoS-sensitive application (e.g., a multimedia...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Video Archive, Galen Hunt, Sourav Ghosh
52
52
May 7, 2014
05/14
by
Microsoft Research
movies
eye 52
favorite 0
comment 0
Virtual machine monitors (VMMs) such as VMWare are useful for addressing a wide range of systems problems, including server partitioning, migration, intrusion detection, configuration debugging, and fault tolerance. Despite their broad applicability, the VMMs in common use today suffer from two deficiencies. First, traditional VMMs are not scalable: they do not support a large number of virtual machines on a single physical machine. This capability is essential for an emerging class of...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Video Archive, Galen Hunt, Andrew Whitaker
27
27
May 6, 2014
05/14
by
Microsoft Research
movies
eye 27
favorite 0
comment 0
Multithreaded systems provide infrastructure capable of executing multiple software threads in parallel. Such systems range from the conventional multiprocessors to the recent simultaneous multithreading (SMT) and chip-multiprocessor (CMP) systems. Ideally, these systems should dynamically manage themselves such that applications always obtain the best performance. To achieve this goal, the systems must be able to self-monitor the runtime behavior of applications. In this talk, we focus on two...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Video Archive, Galen Hunt, Tong Li
26
26
Feb 16, 2014
02/14
by
Microsoft Research
movies
eye 26
favorite 0
comment 0
Future heterogeneous single-ISA multicore processors will have an edge in potential performance per watt over comparable homogeneous processors. To fully tap into that potential, the OS scheduler needs to be heterogeneity-aware, so it can match jobs to cores according to characteristics of both. We propose a Heterogeneity-Aware Signature-Supported scheduling algorithm that does the matching using per-thread architectural signatures, which are compact summaries of threads' architectural...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Video Archive, Galen Hunt, Daniel Shelepov
29
29
Feb 13, 2014
02/14
by
Microsoft Research
movies
eye 29
favorite 0
comment 0
Cluster-based data-parallel frameworks such as MapReduce, Hadoop, and Dryad are increasingly popular for a large class of compute-intensive tasks. Although such systems are designed for large-scale clusters, they also offer a convenient and accessible route to data-parallel programming for small-scale clusters. This potentially allows applications traditionally targeted at supercomputers or remote server farms, such as sophisticated video processing, to be deployed in a small-scale ad-hoc...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Video Archive, Galen Hunt, Rebecca Isaacs
24
24
Apr 30, 2014
04/14
by
Microsoft Research
movies
eye 24
favorite 0
comment 0
Collateral evolutions are a pervasive problem in Linux device driver development, due to the frequent evolution of Linux driver support libraries and APIs. Such evolutions are needed when an evolution in a driver support library affects the library' interface, entailing modifications in all dependent device-specific code. Currently, collateral evolutions in Linux are done 'nearly' manually. The large number of Linux drivers, however, implies that this approach is time-consuming and unreliable,...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Video Archive, Galen Hunt, Gilles Muller
103
103
Sep 27, 2014
09/14
by
Microsoft Research
movies
eye 103
favorite 0
comment 0
Commodity computer systems contain more and more processor cores and exhibit increasingly diverse architectural tradeoffs, including memory hierarchies, interconnects, instruction sets and variants, and IO configurations. Previous high-performance computing systems have scaled in specific cases, but the dynamic nature of modern client and server workloads, coupled with the impossibility of statically optimizing an OS for all workloads and hardware variants pose serious challenges for operating...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Video Archive, Galen Hunt, Andrew Baumann
32
32
May 6, 2014
05/14
by
Microsoft Research
movies
eye 32
favorite 0
comment 0
Safe languages try to increase software reliability and security by checking for errors at compile time and run time. For example, Java and C# check types (mostly at compile time) and check array bounds (usually at run time). Unfortunately, these safety checks restrict the operations that a program can perform. Typical safe programs cannot explicitly free memory, cannot change the types of allocated data after allocation, cannot read and write to memory-mapped I/O addresses and I/O ports,...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Video Archive, Galen Hunt, Chris Hawblitzel
41
41
Feb 18, 2014
02/14
by
Microsoft Research
movies
eye 41
favorite 0
comment 0
Today, computer security resembles an arms race: the bad guys constantly find new ways to break in, and being safe requires staying one step ahead of them in cutting off avenues of attack. This strategy is simply too risky and too expensive in the long run. In this talk, I will argue that we need to address security at a much more fundamental level, and I will show how re-designing operating systems, network protocols, and hardware can provide a solid foundation for building applications in a...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Video Archive, Galen Hunt, Nickolai Zeldovich
27
27
Apr 30, 2014
04/14
by
Microsoft Research
movies
eye 27
favorite 1
comment 0
Reliability and fault-tolerance are key issues in software design and development. In this talk, I will present the use of speculations, a form of distributed transactions, to improve the reliability and fault tolerance of distributed systems and provide better performance. A speculation is defined as a computation that is based on an assumption whose validation is performed concurrently with the computation. If the assumption is found to be false, the computation is aborted and the state of...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Video Archive, Galen Hunt, Cristian Tapus
1
1.0
Nov 24, 2013
11/13
by
Microsoft Research
audio
eye 1
favorite 0
comment 0
Traditional Operating System design has been primarily motivated by the need of optimizing system-wide efficiency factors defined in terms of average throughput or utilization. However, with the increase in processor speed and other resources, it is possible to provide better guaranty and predictability in the performance of individual applications, as perceived at the user level, without incurring significant loss in system-wide efficiency. A QoS-sensitive application (e.g., a multimedia...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Audio MP3 Archive, Galen Hunt, Sourav Ghosh
7
7.0
Nov 24, 2013
11/13
by
Microsoft Research
audio
eye 7
favorite 0
comment 0
Multithreaded systems provide infrastructure capable of executing multiple software threads in parallel. Such systems range from the conventional multiprocessors to the recent simultaneous multithreading (SMT) and chip-multiprocessor (CMP) systems. Ideally, these systems should dynamically manage themselves such that applications always obtain the best performance. To achieve this goal, the systems must be able to self-monitor the runtime behavior of applications. In this talk, we focus on two...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Audio MP3 Archive, Galen Hunt, Tong Li
1
1.0
Nov 23, 2013
11/13
by
Microsoft Research
audio
eye 1
favorite 0
comment 0
Reliability and fault-tolerance are key issues in software design and development. In this talk, I will present the use of speculations, a form of distributed transactions, to improve the reliability and fault tolerance of distributed systems and provide better performance. A speculation is defined as a computation that is based on an assumption whose validation is performed concurrently with the computation. If the assumption is found to be false, the computation is aborted and the state of...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Audio MP3 Archive, Galen Hunt, Cristian Tapus
1
1.0
Nov 23, 2013
11/13
by
Microsoft Research
audio
eye 1
favorite 0
comment 0
Future heterogeneous single-ISA multicore processors will have an edge in potential performance per watt over comparable homogeneous processors. To fully tap into that potential, the OS scheduler needs to be heterogeneity-aware, so it can match jobs to cores according to characteristics of both. We propose a Heterogeneity-Aware Signature-Supported scheduling algorithm that does the matching using per-thread architectural signatures, which are compact summaries of threads' architectural...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Audio MP3 Archive, Galen Hunt, Daniel Shelepov
11
11
Feb 9, 2014
02/14
by
Microsoft Research
audio
eye 11
favorite 0
comment 0
Commodity computer systems contain more and more processor cores and exhibit increasingly diverse architectural tradeoffs, including memory hierarchies, interconnects, instruction sets and variants, and IO configurations. Previous high-performance computing systems have scaled in specific cases, but the dynamic nature of modern client and server workloads, coupled with the impossibility of statically optimizing an OS for all workloads and hardware variants pose serious challenges for operating...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Audio MP3 Archive, Galen Hunt, Andrew Baumann
4
4.0
Nov 24, 2013
11/13
by
Microsoft Research
audio
eye 4
favorite 0
comment 0
Despite decades of research in fault tolerance, commodity operating systems, such as Windows and Linux, continue to crash. In this talk, I will describe a new reliability subsystem for operating systems that prevents the most common cause of crashes, device driver failures, without requiring changes to drivers themselves. To date, the subsystem has been used in Linux to prevent system crashes in the presence of driver failures, recover failed drivers transparently to the OS and applications,...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Audio MP3 Archive, Galen Hunt, Michael Swift
6
6.0
Nov 24, 2013
11/13
by
Microsoft Research
audio
eye 6
favorite 0
comment 0
Virtual machine monitors (VMMs) such as VMWare are useful for addressing a wide range of systems problems, including server partitioning, migration, intrusion detection, configuration debugging, and fault tolerance. Despite their broad applicability, the VMMs in common use today suffer from two deficiencies. First, traditional VMMs are not scalable: they do not support a large number of virtual machines on a single physical machine. This capability is essential for an emerging class of...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Audio MP3 Archive, Galen Hunt, Andrew Whitaker
4
4.0
Nov 23, 2013
11/13
by
Microsoft Research
audio
eye 4
favorite 0
comment 0
Collateral evolutions are a pervasive problem in Linux device driver development, due to the frequent evolution of Linux driver support libraries and APIs. Such evolutions are needed when an evolution in a driver support library affects the library' interface, entailing modifications in all dependent device-specific code. Currently, collateral evolutions in Linux are done 'nearly' manually. The large number of Linux drivers, however, implies that this approach is time-consuming and unreliable,...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Audio MP3 Archive, Galen Hunt, Gilles Muller
1
1.0
Nov 24, 2013
11/13
by
Microsoft Research
audio
eye 1
favorite 0
comment 0
Safe languages try to increase software reliability and security by checking for errors at compile time and run time. For example, Java and C# check types (mostly at compile time) and check array bounds (usually at run time). Unfortunately, these safety checks restrict the operations that a program can perform. Typical safe programs cannot explicitly free memory, cannot change the types of allocated data after allocation, cannot read and write to memory-mapped I/O addresses and I/O ports,...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Audio MP3 Archive, Galen Hunt, Chris Hawblitzel
4
4.0
Nov 23, 2013
11/13
by
Microsoft Research
audio
eye 4
favorite 0
comment 0
Cluster-based data-parallel frameworks such as MapReduce, Hadoop, and Dryad are increasingly popular for a large class of compute-intensive tasks. Although such systems are designed for large-scale clusters, they also offer a convenient and accessible route to data-parallel programming for small-scale clusters. This potentially allows applications traditionally targeted at supercomputers or remote server farms, such as sophisticated video processing, to be deployed in a small-scale ad-hoc...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Audio MP3 Archive, Galen Hunt, Rebecca Isaacs
2
2.0
Nov 23, 2013
11/13
by
Microsoft Research
audio
eye 2
favorite 0
comment 0
Today, computer security resembles an arms race: the bad guys constantly find new ways to break in, and being safe requires staying one step ahead of them in cutting off avenues of attack. This strategy is simply too risky and too expensive in the long run. In this talk, I will argue that we need to address security at a much more fundamental level, and I will show how re-designing operating systems, network protocols, and hardware can provide a solid foundation for building applications in a...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Audio MP3 Archive, Galen Hunt, Nickolai Zeldovich
25
25
Feb 10, 2014
02/14
by
Microsoft Research
movies
eye 25
favorite 0
comment 0
In this talk, I will present a summary of our recent research in understanding how disks fail and how file and storage systems handle such failures. Our findings reveal numerous design and implementation problems in a wide range of both open-source and commercial systems; put simply, file systems are broken (at least when it comes to reliability). I will then present a number of current research directions that we are pursuing in order to build a new generation of robust and reliable storage...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Video Archive, Galen Hunt, Remzi H. Arpaci-Dusseau
2
2.0
Nov 23, 2013
11/13
by
Microsoft Research
audio
eye 2
favorite 0
comment 0
In this talk, I will present a summary of our recent research in understanding how disks fail and how file and storage systems handle such failures. Our findings reveal numerous design and implementation problems in a wide range of both open-source and commercial systems; put simply, file systems are broken (at least when it comes to reliability). I will then present a number of current research directions that we are pursuing in order to build a new generation of robust and reliable storage...
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Audio MP3 Archive, Galen Hunt, Remzi H. Arpaci-Dusseau
45
45
Oct 2, 2014
10/14
by
Microsoft Research
movies
eye 45
favorite 0
comment 0
Topics: Microsoft Research, Microsoft Research Video Archive, Tom McMail, Judith Bishop, Galen Hunt, Ben...
