A study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of two procedures (1) in training children to perform sequences of emergency fire responses and (2) in facilitating long-term maintenance of correct responses. Subjects, 47 black third-grade children, were divided into external instruction, self-instruction, and control groups. In the self-instruction condition, children were trained to verbalize, monitor, evaluate, and reinforce themselves at different phases of responding; such...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Jones, Russell T. Haney, Janell I. Black Youth, Comparative Analysis,...
This is the third of six volumes providing information drawn from a project designed to compile a substantial data base on reading errors for use by researchers and teachers. This volume contains transcriptions of oral reading error studies conducted with third and fourth grade students. The transcriptions are organized according to grade and contributor/researcher and are ordered by an identification code. (MKM)
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Simons, Herbert D. Chambers, Richard Data Collection, Elementary Education,...
Individualized reading test materials were developed containing gender-neutral, male-only, or female-only referents in a study to determine whether undue reference to one sex had a differential effect on the test scores of male or female students. One hundred twenty randomly selected third grade students were first tested on the gender-neutral test. One week later, one half of the students were given tests containing only female referents, and the other half were given tests containing only...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Rowell, E. H. Hennen, Florence G. Females, Grade 3, Males, Nondiscriminatory...
A group of culturally deprived children with severe reading and behavior problems was systematically given tangible reinforcers while learning to read. Twelve second-grade and 12 third-grade boys from a rural and lower socioeconomic background were taught reading with the use of tangible reinforcers (E group). Four similar control groups (C group) were taught reading using the same teachers and materials, except that no tabgible reinforcers were used. There were eight groups with three subjects...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Egeland, Byron Achievement Gains, Disadvantaged, Grade 2, Grade 3, Males,...
Project ABRAZO is a bilingual research program designed to investigate strategies which might enhance the self-concept of Mexican-American children. A portion of the baseline data collected for ABRAZO is considered with three purposes in view: (1) Is there any difference between the self-concept of Mexican-American children, non-Mexican-American and Anglos at grades 3 and 6? (2) What is the degree of agreement between the child's view of himself, how he thinks his teacher sees him, and a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Gustafson, Richard A. Owens, Thomas R. Bilingual Students, Cognitive Ability,...
As part of its proposal to the U.S. Department of Education, the Partnership for Assessment of Readiness for College and Careers (PARCC) committed to developing model content frameworks for English language arts/literacy (ELA/Literacy) to serve as a bridge between the Common Core State Standards and the PARCC assessments. The Model Content Framework for each grade level (grades 3-11) is divided into four sections: (1) Narrative Summary of the ELA Standards; (2) The Model Content Framework...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, College Readiness, Career Readiness, English Instruction, Language Arts,...
All measures presently available for first, third, fifth, and sixth grade testing were evaluated according to the MEAN procedure which reflects measurement validity, examinee appropriateness, administrative usability, and normed technical excellence. Major shortcomings of these measures are presented. A factor analysis revealed four dimensions upon which the tests actually vary: usability, norm quality, focus, and psychometric quality. (MS)
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Hoepfner, Ralph Educational Needs, Educational Objectives, Elementary Schools,...
This report evaluates a remedial reading and mathematics after school program for 227 third, fourth, fifth, and sixth grade students who scored at least one year below expected grade levels on New York City standardized tests. The program was a selected New York City Umbrella program funded under a grant from the New York State legislature. The program also taught English as a Second Language (ESL) to 82 parents in the school community. Bilingual teachers from the participating elementary...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Hicks, John S. After School Education, Bilingual Teachers, Elementary...
The "skin, scale, feather, and fur" program was designed to provide children in the New York City public schools with knowledge about various animal species and their place in the animal world. Teacher and paraprofessional staff along with the Staten Island Zoo Personnel developed activities and instructed children at the zoo. They also conducted exploratory learning activities at schools. The primary objective of the program was to determine whether, as a result of participation in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Kastner, Sheldon Animal Facilities, Educational Media, Elementary Education,...
Instructional choice is a low-intensity strategy that can improve academic engagement. In this study, we investigated the effects of within-activity choices offered during math by third-grade teachers to participating students with behavioral and academic needs. We utilized a professional development model to train teachers to implement instructional choice in the classroom while collecting direct observation data on student's academic engagement. Teachers were able to implement practices with...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Ennis, Robin Parks Lane, Kathleen Lynne Oakes, Wendy Peia Teaching Methods,...
A quasi-experimental study was conducted to examine the impact of Strategic and Interactive Writing Instruction on 3rd-5th grade deaf and hard of hearing students' writing and written language compared to a business-as-usual condition (treatment group N = 41, comparison group N = 22). A total of 18 hours of instruction was provided for each of two types of writing--personal narrative and persuasive. Writing samples, collected prior to instruction and after, were scored for writing traits,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Wolbers, Kimberly Dostal, Hannah Graham, Steve Branum-Martin, Lee Kilpatrick,...
This study evaluated the efficiency of the Lexia Reading Program in 132 early elementary school students in an inner-city school in Hartford, Connecticut. Students who met the criteria were assigned to the experimental Lexia group, and other students were randomly assigned to a comparison group. The NWEA MAP was used to provide pre and post measures of literacy skills. Results indicated that students who used Lexia outperformed students in the control group (p < 0.01): their MAP scores...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Taylor, Mark Reading Instruction, Reading Programs, Elementary School Students,...
This report presents the conclusions drawn from the examination of the effect of the "Family of Man Evaluation Study" (FAMES) project on third-grade children's views of foreign peoples. The FAMES project was concerned with global mindedness and global education for primary grades. The experimental group was composed of 509 third graders exposed to "Family of Man" for three years, and 233 third graders exposed to other social studies programs comprised the control group....
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Mitsakos, Charles L. Cross Cultural Studies, Educational Objectives,...
This study reports the results of a randomized controlled trial examining the effect of Conjoint Behavioral Consultation (CBC), a family-school partnership intervention, on children's behaviors, parents' skills, and parent-teacher relationships in rural community and town settings. Participants were 267 children, 267 parents, and 152 teachers in 45 Midwestern schools. Using an Intent to Treat approach and data analyzed within a multilevel modeling framework, CBC yielded promising results for...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Sheridan, Susan M. Witte, Amanda L. Holmes, Shannon Wu, ChaoRong Bhatia, Sonya...
Researchers have argued for an orientation to language as a resource that values bilingualism in mathematics classrooms. However, little is known about what mathematics teachers can do to translate a language-as-resource orientation into productive classroom practice. In this study, I analyze video data from two language immersion classrooms to understand pedagogies that are possible in contexts where bilingualism is seen as a resource. I argue that teachers' purposefully devised discursive...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, José Manuel Martínez Mathematics Instruction, Immersion Programs,...
We report on the development and evaluation of MathVision, a mobile-application designed to develop Virtual Professional Learning Communities through asynchronous discussion about 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th grade students' mathematical thinking. MathVision allows teachers to upload videos of problems solving sessions using Cognition Based Assessment tasks and foster discussion aligning those strategies to research-based learning progressions for Length and Measurement. Our findings indicate that...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Lewis, Stephen T. Chao, Theodore Battista, Michael Video Technology, Handheld...
In this study, we investigated how Grade 3 and 4 students' organizational structure for volume units develops through repeated experiences with a virtual manipulative for building prisms. Our data consist of taped clinical interviews within a micro-genetic experiment. We report on student strategy development using a virtual manipulative for counting cubes as a measure of prism volume. A descriptive case of one student, Jim, is included as an example of how students developed increasingly...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, O'Dell, Jenna R. Barrett, Jeffrey E. Cullen, Craig J. Rupnow, Theodore J....
This paper represents research that exists at the crossroad of scholarly practice and scholarly inquiry. We share the design, enactment and empirical examination of an elementary methods course activity, Exploring and Supporting Student Thinking (ESST) which engaged 18 prospective teachers in two sessions of one on one problem posing with 3rd grade students. Results mirror outcomes from existing literature on student interviews and letter exchanges. [For complete proceedings, see ED581294.]
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Tyminski, Andrew M. Brittain, McKenzie H. Inquiry, Educational Practices,...
This paper reports on a study of 3rd-grade students' modeling with data, which involves comprehensive investigations that draw upon STEM-based concepts, contexts, and questions, and generate products supported by evidence and open to informal inferential thinking. Within a real-world STEM-based context of licorice manufacturing, students experienced the "creation of variation" as they compared and represented the masses of "licorice sticks" they made by hand (using Play-Doh)...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, English, Lyn D. Grade 3, Elementary School Students, Data Analysis, Models,...
In this exploratory study, our goal was to engage students in dynamic experiences of area as a continuous quantity that can be measured by multiplicatively composing two linear measures (lengths), an approach we refer to as 'dynamic measurement,' or DYME. In this paper, we present the learning trajectory constructed from two cycles of teaching experiments with sixteen third-grade students. We discuss the types of tasks used for developing students' DYME reasoning as well as the forms of DYME...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Panorkou, Nicole Multiplication, Geometric Concepts, Measurement, Grade 3,...
This research explores the interplay between students' understandings of proportional and functional relationships. Approximately 90 students participated in an early algebra intervention in Grades 3- 5. Before the intervention and after each year of the intervention, we evaluated their understandings of proportional and functional relationships. Data revealed that among Grades 4 and 5 students who identified a correct function rule, a higher percentage were unsuccessful solving a proportional...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Stephens, Ana Strachota, Susanne Knuth, Eric Blanton, Maria Isler, Isil...
This study is focused on the structure of equivalence problem to probe the evolution from operational to relational view of students' understanding of the equals sign. We propose a modified construct map which incorporates the intermediate levels in such a transition which were previously ignored. Our findings suggest that the structure of number sentences (place value and the position of answer box) has an undeniably significant role in developing students' conception of equivalence. In...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Singh, Rashmi Kosko, Karl W. Mathematical Concepts, Symbols (Mathematics),...
In this report, we discuss the findings from 2 pilot studies investigating the effects of interventions designed to provide students in Grades 3-5 with opportunities to work with dynamic and static models of angles in a dynamic geometry environment. We discuss the effects of the interventions on the children's development of quantitative reasoning about angle measure. [For complete proceedings, see ED581294.]
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Cullen, Amanda L. Cullen, Craig J. O'Hanlon, Wendy A. Elementary School...
We conducted a 14-week experimental study of 2 versions of a relatively comprehensive RC intervention that involved 50 classroom teachers, 15 tutors, and 120 children drawn in equal proportions from grades 3 and 5 in 13 schools in a large urban school district. Students were randomly assigned in equal numbers to the 2 tutoring conditions and a control group. Results indicated that students in the 2 tutored groups tended to perform comparably on all tests and to outperform controls (more so in...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Fuchs, Douglas Hendricks, Emma Walsh, Meagan E. Fuchs, Lynn S. Gilbert,...
"Achieve3000®" is a supplemental online literacy program that provides nonfiction reading content to students in grades preK-12 and focuses on building phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, reading comprehension, vocabulary, and writing skills. "Achieve3000®" is designed to help students advance their nonfiction reading skills by providing differentiated online instruction. Teachers use the program with an entire class but the assignments are tailored to each student's...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Reading Programs, Literacy Education, Electronic Learning, Nonfiction, Reading...
"Achieve3000®" is a supplemental online literacy program that provides nonfiction reading content to students in grades preK-12 and focuses on building phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, reading comprehension, vocabulary, and writing skills. "Achieve3000®" is designed to help students advance their nonfiction reading skills by providing differentiated online instruction. Teachers use the program with an entire class, but the assignments are tailored to each student's...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Reading Programs, Literacy Education, Electronic Learning, Nonfiction, Reading...
This document provides the following four tips for supporting reading skills for children ages K-3 at home: (1) Have conversations before, during, and after reading together; (2) Help children learn how to break sentences; (3) Help children sound out words smoothly; and (4) Model reading fluently by practicing reading out loud with your child. These tips help parents and caregivers carry out the recommended practices described in the Institute of Education Sciences Educator's practice guide,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Reading Skills, Young Children, Family Environment, Parent Role, Emergent...
This document begins by providing four tips parents and care takers can use to supporting childrens' reading skills at home: (1) Have conversations before, during, and after reading together; (2) Help children learn how to break sentences into words and words into syllables; (3) Help children sound out words smoothly; and (4) Model reading fluently by practicing reading aloud with your children. The evidence supporting each of the four tips is drawn from research that meets rigorous standards...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Reading Skills, Young Children, Family Environment, Parent Role, Emergent...
This study investigates the effect of mode of expression on the syntactic complexity of writing produced by third-grade children. Approximately 200 samples of writing in the modes of argumentation, exposition, narration, and description were collected from 50 third graders in the Atlanta school district. Syntactic complexity, as measured by length of writing sample, number of clauses per sample, and number of words per clause, was revealed to be highest in the argumentative mode. Although the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Perron, J.D. Descriptive Writing, Difficulty Level, Expository Writing, Grade...
The authors develop model analyses based on a U.S. Department of Education guide to illustrate procedures a State could use to compare and contrast school-level overall and English Learner accountability determinations for proficiency in reading/language arts under the options allowed by the Every Student Succeeds Act. As a technical reference, the appendix provides detailed tables and statistical programming code used to compute modelled outcomes under the different accountability options....
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Cook, H. Gary Sahakyan, Narek Linquanti, Robert State Standards,...
In a previous study, Mix et al. (2016) reported that spatial skill and mathematics were composed of 2 highly correlated, domain-specific factors, with a few cross-domain loadings. The overall structure was consistent across grade (kindergarten, 3rd grade, 6th grade), but the cross-domain loadings varied with age. The present study sought to replicate these patterns. Using the data from Wave 1 (n = 854) and data collected from a 2nd sample of kindergarten (n = 251), 3rd-grade (n = 247), and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Mix, Kelly S. Levine, Susan C. Cheng, Yi-Lang Young, Christopher J. Hambrick,...
To what extent do Spanish-speaking English learner students develop English proficiency and grade-level readiness in English language arts and math from early elementary school to upper elementary school? Is there a relationship between proficiency in a student's primary home language, Spanish, and the amount of time needed to attain fluency in the student's second language, English? And are there differences in these relationships across English learner student subgroups? These topics are of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Arellano, Brenda Liu, Feng Stoker, Ginger Slama, Rachel Spanish Speaking,...
This teaching guide provides objectives, activities, resources, and evaluation criteria for a four-week minicourse on the Akan and Manding tribes of Africa. It is intended for use by third grade classroom teachers as they develop and implement African area studies programs. The objective is to help students overcome negative attitudes toward Africa and African heritage by exposing them to positive aspects of African culture in a classroom setting. The instructional guide is the product of a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Parker, Letitia M., African Culture, Akan, Area Studies, Cultural Awareness,...
The Harris Index of Efficiency was used to evaluate the criterion setting (66%) of the Prescriptive Reading Inventory (PRI), a criterion referenced reading test. The subjects, who were involved in a larger experimental study that used the PRI as a criterion measure, were 92 third and fifth grade students. Initial assessment with the Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills revealed varying student achievement that necessitated the administration of various levels of the PRI on a pre/posttest basis....
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Dziuban, Charles D. And Others, Criterion Referenced Tests, Cutting Scores,...
The purpose of this study was to determine whether there were significant differences in the academic achievement of children attending three different types of school: a model "open" school, a comparable "traditional" school, and a traditional school with a student population from a higher socioeconomic area. Data based on standardized achievement tests (Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills, CTBS) were gathered from approximately 95 third graders over a two-year period for...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Anttonen, Ralph G. Dianna, Michael, Academic Achievement, Achievement Rating,...
This study examines the usefulness of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) in predicting the reading achievement of 74 disabled readers in grade 3 on the word recognition subtest of the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT). The WRAT word recognition subtest was used because previous research has demonstrated a high positive correlation between performance in reading isolated words and actual reading achievement in school. The results of three stepwise multiple regression...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Webster, Raymond E. And Others, Achievement Tests, Cognitive Processes,...
The shift in emphasis from the motor sphere to the mental, psycho-emotional sphere leads to a decrease in the natural motor activity of the younger schoolchild, which actualizes the development of the functional and body adaptive capabilities by means of motor activity. In this regard, the formation of independence for physical education is one of the most important problems in Kazakhstani primary school. Therefore, this research has been undertaken to study: (a) the state of work of the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, EJ, ERIC, Ospankulov, Yernar E. Nurgaliyeva, Saniya Kunai, Serik Baigaliev, Adilbek...
Questioning skills are significant competencies that English teachers must possess in teaching reading narrative texts. These competencies include the ability to create various levels of questions and strategies. This study aimed to investigate the teachers' competence in making question levels, strategies, and teachers' and students' responses during the online flipped classroom learning process. This study used a qualitative approach with a content analysis design. The data analysis used...
Topics: ERIC Archive, EJ, ERIC, Reflianto Setyosari, Punaji Kuswandi, Dedi Widiati, Utami, Language...
Dyscalculia presenting 3 to 6.5% of all those who need remediation in mathematics to enhance their ability of solving word problem. The study aimed to use sketchnote and working memory-based intervention to enhance word problem solving ability of students with dyscalculia. Thus, the study examined the role of integrated intervention involving both working memories training and using sketchnote technique. The intervention developed per recommendation of recent two themes of intervention, namely,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, EJ, ERIC, Ziadat, Ayed H., Learning Disabilities, Mathematics Skills, Word Problems...
This study investigated how six Year Four (9-10 years old) students interacted with a dynamic (zoomable) digital number line to demonstrate knowledge and understandings of decimal fractions. Results from a task-based interview indicated that the zoomable number line is able to assist students in developing conceptual understandings of decimal density, place value and relative size. The app proved to be a powerful mathematical representation of decimal fractions because of its dynamic...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Gorman, Amelia Way, Jennifer, Arithmetic, Grade 3, Elementary School...
Despite mathematical reasoning being a proficiency included in mathematics curricula around the world, research has found that primary teachers struggle to understand, teach, and assess mathematical reasoning. A detailed rubric involving the three reasoning actions of analysing, generalising and justifying at five proficiency levels was refined according to feedback from teachers. At different stages of the study, teachers used the rubric to assess their students' reasoning and provided...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Loong, Esther Vale, Colleen Widjaja, Wanty Herbert, Sandra Bragg, Leicha A....
This group randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluated the efficacy of Incredible Years Teacher Classroom Management Program (IY TCM) on student social behavioral and academic outcomes among a large diverse sample of students within an urban context. Participants included 105 teachers and 1817 students in kindergarten to third grade. Three-level hierarchical linear models (HLM) were conducted to examine the overall treatment effects student behavior and academic outcomes. In addition,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Reinke, Wendy M. Herman, Keith C. Dong, Nianbo, Randomized Controlled Trials,...
In this report, we describe the results of a rigorous two-year study of the impacts of a mathematics initiative called Ongoing Assessment Project (OGAP) on teacher and student learning in grades 3-5 in two Philadelphia area school districts. OGAP is a mathematics program which combines teacher formative assessment practices with knowledge of student developmental progressions to build deeper student understanding of mathematics content. OGAP includes teacher professional development, classroom...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Supovitz, Jonathan A. Ebby, Caroline B. Remillard, Janine Nathenson, Robert A.,...
In Australia and many other countries, the provision of the healthiest possible start in life for all children has been a priority for government. Evidence to support the importance of the early years for future development has accumulated over the past two decades [1]. Patterns of childhood development predict health, wellbeing, learning and behaviour and lay a foundation for children to grow up with the skills to succeed, bringing benefits for them and the community as a whole [2]. The...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Evans-Whipp, Tracy Mundy, Lisa Miller, Eliza Canterford, Louise Patton, George,...
There have been many attempts to reform mathematics teaching in Australia to encourage teachers to use more cognitively demanding tasks that focus on problem solving and reasoning. However, there is limited specific advice for teachers on how best to do this. This paper reports on one set of survey items that examines 52 teachers' responses to experimenting with a reform-orientated approach and challenging tasks through the EPMC project. Findings indicate that the EPMC approach was different to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, McCormick, Melody, Educational Change, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics...
Considered by many as a source of valuable data and a potential to improve mathematics education, a significant amount of studies have been conducted on The National Assessment Program -- Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) test results. This study is a systematic literature review of 86 peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2008 and 2017 to investigate how NAPLAN numeracy test results were used in those studies. Findings showed NAPLAN results were used primarily to map student progress...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Getenet, Seyum Fanshawe, Melissa, Journal Articles, National Competency Tests,...
This paper reports on results of a targeted and extended (two school terms) program for building Grade 3 and Grade 4 students' facility with number facts and application for mental computation. As part of a larger project, this paper reports results from two schools. Results indicated strong gains in number fact recall and mental computation for both cohorts at both schools. The similar gains in outcomes at both schools suggests the power of a targeted and extended program to build basic fact...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Elementary School Students, Elementary School Mathematics, Mathematics Skills,...
This article reports on the effectiveness of an intervention using conceptual change approaches within challenging tasks, on the mathematics gains for low-performing year 3-6 students in in six primary schools. Quantitative data from PAT-Maths testing for each year showed a consistently large effect size of 0.7 compared to expected gain data from DECD [South Australia's Department for Education and Child Development]. All six experimental groups caught up with DECD expectations within one year....
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Kennedy, Tierney, Instructional Effectiveness, Mathematics Instruction, Low...
This report presents the final results of a four-year independent external evaluation of the impacts and implementation of the scale-up of Reading Recovery, a literacy intervention targeting struggling 1st-grade students. The evaluation of Reading Recovery includes parallel rigorous experimental and quasi-experimental designs for estimating program impacts, coupled with a large-scale, mixed-methods study of program implementation under the Investing in Innovation (i3) scale-up. The primary...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, May, Henry Sirinides, Philip Gray, Abigail Goldsworthy, Heather, Reading...
I use standardized test scores from roughly 45 million students to describe the temporal structure of educational opportunity in over 11,000 school districts--almost every district in the US. For each school district, I construct two measures: the average academic performance of students in grade 3 and the within-cohort growth in test scores from grade 3 to 8. I argue that third grade average test scores can be thought of as measures of the average extent of educational opportunities available...
Topics: ERIC Archive, ERIC, Reardon, Sean F., Educational Opportunities, Standardized Tests, Academic...
