Abstract — By providing proper architecture as per the need and behaviour of the individuals a person may be satisfied with surrounding that may affect spiritual health of individual and in turn the overall health. So this study was conducted on two type of housing society with the aim to find out relationship between type of architecture, interpersonal relationship and spiritual health of their residents. Methodology: A comparative observational was conducted on two type of housing society...
Topics: Architecture, Interpersonal Relationship, Spiritual Health
This paper integrates the interpersonal model of Schutz (1966) and Schutz's (1978) instrument for evaluating interpersonal relationships, FIRO-B (Fundamental Interpersonal Relationship Orientation-Behavior), with Adler's life tasks and typology. The paper begins with a description of Schutz's Interpersonal model in which Schutz, like Adler, views personality as existing within a social context but sees it as being manifested through the three fundamental interpersonal dimensions of inclusion,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Developmental Tasks, Interpersonal Relationship, Models
This digest focuses on issues of parallel process in supervision. The concept of parallel process has its origin in the psychoanalytic concepts of transference, when the counselor recreates the presenting problem and emotions of the therapeutic relationship within the supervisory relationship, and countertransference, when the supervisor responds to the counselor in the same manner that the counselor responds to the client. Parallel process, then, is defined as that which occurs when the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Counselors, Interpersonal Relationship, Supervision, Supervisors
A multiplicative (loglinear) model for square tables or other cross-classifications is helpful in locating cells where counts are relatively dense or sparse. This model helps to eliminate the confounding prevalence and interaction effects. It yields a parsimonious set of parameters which describe the table, and goodness of fit can be assessed with standard inferential procedures. A multiplicative specification which fits a particular cross-classification may be obtained in several ways. The...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Interpersonal Relationship, Models, Statistical Analysis
Certain major thinkers regard both change and anger as inevitable aspects of human living. A system called Re-Creative Psychology (originally conceived by Paul Frisch) addresses one way to frame anger in order to create constructive change. It is an organized system of behavior management which deals with three broad categories: self-actualization, social relationships, and spiritual well-being. Each category has a paired dimension which is the actual tool for managing anger and change...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Change Strategies, Interpersonal Relationship, Self Actualization
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A slum is a heavily populated urban informal settlement characterized by substandard housing and squalor. It is to be noted that more than half of the Indian population will live in urban areas by 2020 and nearly one-third of this urban population will be slum dwellers. For the purpose of Census, slums have been categorized and defined into three types namely a) Notified Slums, b) Recognized Slums, c) Identified Slums. Aspiration is hope or ambition of achieving something. The aspirations of...
Topics: Aspiration, Inspiration, Notified Slums, Identified Slums, Interpersonal Relationship
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A connection to nature is a sense of joint destiny and belonging between humans and the rest of the natural world. We may exist in a relationship physically distant or close to nature, but, a sense of connection keeps nature close to heart. In reality, humans are always the dependents of Mother Nature. Ecopsychology studies the relationship between human beings and the natural world through ecological and psychological principles. The field seeks to develop and understand the ways of expanding...
Topics: Nature, Eco Psychology, Emotional Well Being, Interpersonal Relationship
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“The major problems facing the world today can be solved only if we improve our understanding of human behavior”. Communication skills and social skills both are very essential skills to promote pro social behavior. Hence, objective of this paper is to find out the communication and social skills of the rural children and to see whether there is a relationship between communication skills and social skills. The study was conducted in Ladwa village of District Hisar purposively due to easy...
Topics: Communication Skills, Interpersonal Relationship, Expressive and Social Skills
Intended for individuals with physical or sensory handicaps, the guide explores the social and interpersonal implication of disability and suggests alternative ways of dealing with related problems. Chapter 1 looks at the social environment that people with disabilities encounter. Potential social problems and types of situations the disabled may encounter are clarified. A second chapter presents two major approaches to managing problems--using general social skills based on principles of...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Disabilities, Interpersonal Competence, Interpersonal Relationship, Social Life
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Topics: Interpersonal competence, Interpersonal relationship, Social values, Tests, United States
Forces that would wrest personal autonomy from us are presently at work, both directly and indirectly, in the sports profession and in society at large. We are typically confused on the subject of man's nature; we have arbitrarily and unwisely relegated it to the subdisciplinary area of metaphysics where the topic rests in some disarray because of the plethora of theories that currently prevails. These confusing and overlapping concepts of man's nature confound many of our presentations and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Athletics, Communication (Thought Transfer), Humanism, Interpersonal Relationship,...
A study examined the relationship of interpersonal perceptual variables to communication contexts, specifically relationship types. The variables examined were (1) interpersonal solidarity, (2) perceived homophily, (3) uncertainty reduction, (4) feeling good, (5) interpersonal attraction, (6) relational safety, and (7) self-disclosure. The communication context relationship types were intimate, friendship, casual acquaintance, and business/professional. A sample composed of 75 teachers, 61...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attitudes, Communication Research, Interpersonal Attraction, Interpersonal...
Nigeria is a key player in Africa Affairs and an important participant in global matters. The country is populous and potentially one of the well-endowed nations. Based on the 2006 Population and Housing Census report, it population is put over 144 million (NPC 2006). It is one of the world’s most ethnically diverse nations. It comprises ethnic nationalities put between 250 to 450 groups (Idahosa, 1997). From the reforms of Danfodio, Sufi orders in colonial Nigeria, and the arrival of...
Topics: Housing Census Report, Interpersonal Relationship, Ethnic-Religious Sentiments and Solidarity
This document contains a brief bibliography of peer-reviewed literature, with abstracts, on pets and the elderly. It is one of 12 bibliographies on aging prepared by the National Agricultural Library for its "Pathfinders" series of publications. Topics covered by the other 11 bibliographies include aging parents, adult children, dementia and Alzheimer's disease in the elderly (written for educators), dementia and Alzheimer's disease in the elderly (written for consumers), family...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Aging (Individuals), Friendship, Interpersonal Relationship, Older Adults, Pets
The history and background of the analysis of the basis of power is examined, beginning with its origins in the works of Kurt Lewin and his followers at the Research Center for Group dynamics. The original French and Raven (1959) bases of power model posited six bases of power: reward, coercion, legitimate, expert, referent, and informational (or persuasion). Since then, as the result of considerable research, the model has gone through very significant developments. A more comprehensive model...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Individual Power, Interpersonal Relationship, Models, Psychological Patterns, Theories
In interpersonal attraction, studies and judgment research evaluation of a stimulus is often a function of the context within which the stimulus appears. The first experiment was designed to examine "contrast effects" (shifts in the rated value of a stimulus away from the contextual values) when all attitudinal information was received from two strangers before attraction responses were assessed and each stranger expressed agreement or disagreement on different topics. Subjects were...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Attitudes, Human Relations, Interpersonal Relationship, Stimuli, Griffitt, William
Adult influences on infant peer interaction were examined to determine whether infants would be more likely to sustain interaction with one another when their mothers were encouraging them to do so than they would when their mothers were busy with something else. A total of 36 infants, 14 months of age, were videotaped during 30-minute play sessions consisting of two previously unacquainted infants and their mothers. Observations were made under two conditions: when the mother was encouraging...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Infant Behavior, Interpersonal Relationship, Mothers, Parent Influence, Peer...
Although relationships between siblings potentially have the longest duration of any human relationship, research has not yet established the salient, relevant features of the sibling role in adulthood. An investigation was conducted to identify and examine the influences on the frequency of, and motivation for, contact with adult siblings. Twenty-one variables identified by the literature as affecting the frequency of contact between adult siblings were examined. These included relationship,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adults, Affection, Family Relationship, Interpersonal Relationship, Proximity,...
This document considers the discretionary time use of young adolescents. Five domains of out-of-school time use are described: (1) activities alone or with friends; (2) activities with parents; (3) in-home or out-of-home chores, jobs and responsibilities; (4) organized activities including participation in recreational and cultural programs supervised by adults; and (5) television viewing and use of other media. Patterns of time use across all of these domains are examined. Time use research is...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Decision Making, Interpersonal Relationship, Leisure Time, Time...
Some researchers have stressed the negative effects of the peculiar interactive situation of twins on the development of communicative competence; other researchers have shown early positive effects. Referential communication--one of the most evolved, intellectualized, and decentered functions of language that consists of transmitting information about referents such as objects, locations, and ideas--is particularly critical for the twin condition, where the problem of differentiation and...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Communication Research, Elementary Education, Interpersonal Communication,...
Research using behavioral measures has indicated that men react less positively to the touch of a same sex individual than women, that both men and women react more positively to the touch of an opposite sex individual than to the touch of a same sex individual, and that men and women do not differ in their reactions to opposite sex touch. This study was undertaken to determine whether these findings would hold true using attitudinal measures (observing someone being touched rather than...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adults, Employee Attitudes, Interpersonal Relationship, Intimacy, Responses, Sex...
This publication presents guidelines to help mentoring relationships thrive and endure, and includes measures any mentoring program can implement to offer mentoring that does everything in its power to help young people and keep them from harm's way. The guidelines are based on research that affirms the importance of accountability and responsibility in meeting young people's needs, and are based on field experience. The first mentoring "Elements of Effective Practice" were developed...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Mentors, Young Adults, Adolescents, Guidelines, Interpersonal Relationship, Measures...
This study was conducted to assess the correlation of online social network usage and quality of interpersonal relationship among 350 third students of four different year professional colleges of Manipal University. The study found that a weak negative correlation exist between online social network usage and perceived quality of interpersonal relationship.
Topics: Online social network (OSN), professional students, Perceived Quality of Interpersonal relationship
Children ought to have satisfying friendships because they otherwise may miss out on opportunities to learn important social skills, develop little faith in their abilities to achieve interpersonal goals, suffer painful feelings of isolation, and become vulnerable to influence by delinquent peers. Factors contributing to children's peer relationship problems include unacceptable social behavior, "differentness" from other children, family problems, and a reputation as a social...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Childhood Needs, Children, Friendship, Interpersonal Relationship, Intervention, Peer...
Ethics have been a somewhat overlooked topic in the field of youth mentoring. Yet, because a personal relationship is at the heart of mentoring interventions, inconsistencies, misunderstandings and terminations can touch on youth's vulnerabilities in ways that other interventions do not. This Research Corner presents a set of ethical principles to guide volunteer mentors and the program staff who advise them as they strive to build meaningful and growth-promoting relationships with their...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Mentors, Interpersonal Relationship, Ethics, Youth, Intervention, Volunteers, Rhodes,...
A study investigated the way in which self-disclosure and uncertainty levels operated over time in 44 developing relationships. The 88 subjects in the study were assigned to dyadic relationships, with the dyads working together on various tasks throughout the semester of an introductory speech class. Uncertainty level and five dimensions of disclosure level (amount, intent, honesty, depth, and positiveness of disclosures) were measured three times during the semester. Results indicated that a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, College Students, Communication Research, Disclosure, Higher Education, Interpersonal...
Within the literature on group counseling and psychotherapy, the structure of therapeutic group processes is frequently described in terms of stages of the group process. Numerous group stages have been proposed to describe the social interaction and change in social interaction that is characteristic of group therapy. This study examined the structure and organization of the social interaction within four therapy groups. Structure and organization were defined for purposes of the study as a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Group Counseling, Group Dynamics, Group Structure, Interpersonal Relationship,...
Many studies investigating gender differences in friendships have assumed that friendships were same-sex relationships. Only a few studies have focused on friendships between the sexes and most of these have used college student samples. This study examined friendships of 156 professional men and women using a self-report questionnaire consisting of rating scales and open-ended questions. Four types of friendships were compared: women's same-sex and cross-sex and men's same-sex and cross-sex....
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adults, Friendship, Interpersonal Relationship, Intimacy, Professional Personnel, Sex...
This article creates a strong theoretical rationale in support of the concept of fellowship, the cornerstone healing influence of Alcoholic Anonymous (AA). It reviews the literature which supports the Alcoholic Anonymous' concept of fellowship or client perceived belongingness. It provides a strong rationale for the establishment of new AA-oriented programs which can be used to convince regulatory agencies of the worth of these programs. It provides information supporting the AA premise that...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Alcoholism, Counseling Theories, Group Counseling, Group Unity, Interpersonal...
In applying Ernest Becker's work on self-esteem to Erving Goffman's theory of interpersonal society, this paper suggests that Goffman's views about the politeness structure of face-to-face society might be viewed as largely grounded in a basic motivation for individuals to avoid anxiety due to loss of self-esteem. The paper uses this application as the conceptual basis of a model of interpersonal persuasion that consists of the elements self-esteem, social knowledge, a repertoire of strategies,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Anxiety, Communication Research, Interpersonal Relationship, Models, Self Esteem,...
This project did the planning and pilot phases of an effort to improve the teaching of human relations in grades K-12 of public and private schools in the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area. In the pilot phase, the project furnished on-the-job training for approximately 70 schools. The training was given by teams of human relations specialists working full-time for periods of 2 and 3 weeks in selected urban, suburban, and semirural schools. In such schools they provided group activities,...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Human Relations, Humanism, Humanization, Interpersonal Competence, Interpersonal...
This guide describes 10 important features of successful mentors' attitudes and styles, using data from an examination of 82 pairs of mentors and adolescents in Big Brothers Big Sisters mentoring programs nationwide. The key reasons that certain mentoring relationships succeeded while others failed was related to the expectations and approaches of the mentors. Successful mentors understood that positive changes in the lives of young people would not happen quickly or automatically. If they were...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adolescents, Interpersonal Relationship, Mentors, Trust (Psychology), Youth Programs,...
The product of two summer institutes to prepare teachers and administrators for school integration, this report contains a resource manual on "Interpersonal Relationships Among Students." For full abstract of institute proceedings, see UD 009 479. For other resource manuals, see UD 009 480, UD 009 481, UD 009 483, and UD 009 484. (KG)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Inservice Education, Interpersonal Relationship, Resource Materials, School...
This booklet is designed to help people understand and interact better with people with autism, through descriptions and suggestions for dealing with 33 autistic behaviors. First, the booklet provides a simple list, or index, of the 33 behaviors. Then, for each behavior, the typical "common response" (but not helpful) response is given, along with the autistic interpretation of the behavior and a variety of suggestions for helpful responses. Examples of behaviors analyzed include:...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Autism, Behavior Patterns, Behavior Problems, Individual Characteristics,...
Alcohol abuse is often a precipitating factor in domestic violence, especially in the most serious forms of violence. The term coalcoholic has been used to describe persons in a dyadic relationship with an alcoholic including spouses, lovers, parents, or close friends. Two intervention programs for coalcoholic battered women were studied. In the first study, participants (N=70) were battered women from a residential shelter for battered women. One-half of the women attended an educational...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Alcoholism, Battered Women, Family Violence, Health Education, Interpersonal...
A forensics mentor is a person of greater rank, experience, or expertise who teaches, guides, and develops a person less experienced in the forensics profession. Interviews show that coaches and directors favor mentoring, and feel that it is desirable to the forensics community. In considering the applicability of mentoring to forensics, however, educators must note that questions and concerns exist about both the practice of mentoring and the research conducted to date on mentoring...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Debate, Educational Improvement, Higher Education, Interpersonal Relationship,...
The value and importance of human intimacy is examined as a complex combination of passion, commitment, friendship, and love. Models of healthy and unhealthy conflict in relationships are offered as well as suggestions for moving from unhealthy expressions of conflict to healthy ones.
Topics: ERIC Archive, Intimacy, Conflict, Interpersonal Relationship, Friendship, Models, Conflict...
This paper reviews the research literature from 1972 to 1990 relative to inappropriate sexual contact between children. Because of the difficulty in making a clear comparison between studies, the normal child sexual development literature was reviewed to establish a baseline for determining the nature of inappropriate sexual interactions between children and a definition of inappropriate contact was developed which synthesized common elements in definitions used by investigators who have...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Child Development, Children, Family Life, Incest, Interpersonal Relationship,...
The goal of synergistic psychology is to synthesize different psychological theories into an explanation of how social, cognitive and biological factors interact in human behavior. Synergism refers to the mutually co-operating action of separate substances which taken together produce an effect greater than that of any component taken alone. The term "synergistic psychology" was suggested by Larry Smolucha in 1988 as a metatheory for synthesizing psychoanalytic and Vygotskian...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Behavior Theories, Biological Influences, Cognitive Processes, Interpersonal...
The relationships between siblings in old age have not received much attention in social science literature. However, some researchers suggest that a reawakening of interest in and contact with siblings occurs for many people during the last part of life. Different kinds of sibling relationships that exist between older people and the ways in which each type meets or ignores the social and psychological needs of older people were examined in this study. Five types of sibling relationships...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Aging (Individuals), Classification, Family Relationship, Interpersonal Relationship,...
This study tested the learned helplessness theory, stress theory, and a modified stress theory to determine the best model for predicting the probability that a woman would seek help when she experienced severe violence from a male partner. The probability was hypothesized to increase as the stress of the violence experienced increased. Data were obtained from a national probability sample of 3,665 married or cohabiting women. Subjects responded to the Decision to Seek Help measure, the...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Battered Women, Family Violence, Helplessness, Interpersonal Relationship, Spouses,...
The concept of commitment has been studied both in theory and in research. Commitment is considered as having two constructs, personal dedication and constraint commitment. This study was conducted to examine several questions concerning commitment. It examined whether constraint or dedication increase over time; whether there is a difference between men and women in each of these two areas; and what implications the findings have for counselors who work with relationship issues. Subjects were...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Adults, Graduate Students, Higher Education, Interpersonal Relationship, Marriage,...
The implications of the dialectical perspective for research methodology are reviewed and illustrated with examples from research on memory and memory development. Three conversations or dialogues are described: within the researcher, between the researcher and the research participants, and between the researcher and social-historical context. It is suggested that traditional research methodology can be strengthened by embedding it within these dialogues, thus giving greater emphasis to...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Bibliographies, Interaction Process Analysis, Interpersonal Relationship, Memory,...
Team teaching has the potential to have a profound impact on both teaching and learning. Many who have taught as part of a team report the break from solitary practice brings renewed excitement for teaching and the course that makes them better teachers. It also creates a learning environment in which students can explore multiple perspectives and ways of knowing. Of course, along with the benefits come many challenges. This paper shares some of the advice gleaned from those who have written...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Team Teaching, Teacher Collaboration, Teaching Methods, Interpersonal Relationship,...
This digest reviews perspectives on the supervisory relationship from the recent supervision literature. It examines the relative importance of the relationship within the total supervision process; variables which influence the relationship; and how the relationship differs when working with experienced versus inexperienced counselors. The supervisory relationship is influenced by personal characteristics, some static and others dynamic in nature. Among static factors are: gender and sex role...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Counselor Qualifications, Counselor Training, Counselors, Developmental Stages,...
Despite the rapidly rising divorce rate and the importance of the divorce settlement agreement for the spouses' financial and emotional well-being, factors influencing the effectiveness of divorce negotiations have received very little attention. To assess the major determinants of successful divorce negotiations between divorcing spouses and their lawyers, 90 recent divorcees completed a 14 page Divorce Settlement Experience Questionnaire (DSEQ). In addition, interviews were conducted with 14...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Court Litigation, Divorce, Interpersonal Relationship, Lawyers, Participant...
Little has been written in empirical or clinical literature about enhancement of sexual satisfaction, and there has not been a theoretical model to guide research on factors influencing sexual satisfaction. The Interpersonal Exchange Model of Sexual Satisfaction (IEMSS) was developed to fill the gaps. Article describes IEMSS and the studies that have validated its use. Elaborates on implications of IEMSS in clinical practice. (Author/JDM)
Topics: ERIC Archive, Counseling, Foreign Countries, Interpersonal Relationship, Models, Questionnaires,...
Professional school counselors (PSC) are constantly given responsibilities that are nonguidance duties. When given these duties, PSC are not able to implement and maintain effective guidance programs. Often school principals assign these duties because they are unaware of the impact school counselors have on the goals of the school. Therefore, it is important that school counselors promote the profession and inform school principals of their roles and how they affect the school. This article...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Guidance Programs, School Counselors, Principals, Counselor Role, Interpersonal...
This appendix contains descriptions of three exercises designed to develop basic communications skills for improving interpersonal relations. Each exercise--designed to be engaged in by teachers in dyads, triads, quadruples, or similar groups without the presence of a skilled leader--includes a statement of the problem, description of the skill and skill-development techniques with illustrative examples, and questions useful for practicing verbal and nonverbal communication of feelings. This...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Communication Skills, Interpersonal Relationship, Laboratory Training, Training...
To determine whether the presence of a fourth person affects triads in the same way that the presence of a third person affects dyads, data from two previous studies were reanalyzed. In the original studies a total of 60 infants 12 months of age were observed interacting with their parents in 4 social contexts: 1 parent present, 2 parents present, 1 parent and preschool-aged sibling present, and 2 parents and sibling present. Analyses revealed that (1) infants directed fewer behaviors to either...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Fathers, Infant Behavior, Infants, Interpersonal Relationship, Mothers, Parent Child...
