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V  /■  ;  •  •• 


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i 


°  Set  p>.y. 


IF  LET  CI1J1CH,  OIOI.  5/W 


THE 


Gentleman's  Magazine : 


AND 


Historical  Chronicle. 


From  July  to  December,  1818. 


Volume  LXXXVIII. 


(Being  the  ELEVENTH  of  a  NEW  SERIES.) 


PART  THE  SECOND. 


I’ltOD ESSE  ET  DELECTAIIE.  % 


E  PLUR1BUS  UNUM. 


By  SYLVANUS  URBAN,  Gent. 


LONDON:  Printed  by  NICHOLS,  SON,  and  BENTLEY, 
at  Cicero's  Head ,  Red  Lion  Passage,  Fleet  Street ; 
where  Letters  are  particularly  requested  to  be  sent,  Post-Paid- 
And  sold  by  J.  HARRIS  (Successor  to  Mrs.  NEWBERY), 
at  the  Corner  of  St.  Paul's  Church  Yard ,  Ludgate  Street ; 
and  by  Perthes  and  Besser,  Hamburgh.  1818. 


f  i 


/ 


[  ■*  ]  (  tmm  l 

TO  SYLVANUS  URBAN,  Gent. 


On  the  Completion  of  h 

JN  days  of  yore,  a  Bard  with  harp  well 
strung, 

Thus  of  departed  Cave,  prophetic  sung: 

“  Yet  shall  thy  fame  through  future  ages 
bloom. 

Avert  destruction,  and  defy  the  tomb 
With  “  Master’s  hand,”  he  struck  the 
trembling  wire, 

Predicting  true,  that  name  should  ne’er 
expire : 

For,  as  the  Sun  from  his  meridian  height, 
Diffuses  joy  around,  and  gives  delight ; 

So  you,  Sylvanus,  to  th’  enamour’d  eye, 
New  charms  impart,  and  pleasures  fresh 
supply, 

As,  round  the  circle  of  the  varied  year, 

Your  beauties  in  succeeding  months  ap¬ 
pear. 

As  Frontispiece  to  grace  the  New  Year’s 
scene,  [seen, 

Lo  !  Cardiff’s  stately  tower  and  vanes  are 
Encomiums  high  th’  enlighten’d  mind 
await  [fate. 

That  sav’d  the  structure  from  impending 
From  thy  bright  garland,  Urban,  choose, 
and  give 

1  he  sweetest  flower  to  Bowles,  whose  name 
shall  live. 

True  Church,  his  triumphs  ever  shall  dis¬ 
play?  [away: 

While  JSezu  and  No  Church  scowl,  and  slink 
1  he  Ebenezer  Bricks  will  ne’er  subdue 
i  he  heap  of  Old  Slones ,  venerable  to  view. 
The  Muse  enraptur’d  notes  a  glorious 
sight, 

Where  goodness,  charity  benign,  unite. 

Thy  unique  building,  Pleasants !  calls  the 
iay  •  [tray. 

Distress  and  want  reliev’d  thy  worth  pour- 
Had  souls  capacious  e’er  presided  o’er 
The  Monuments  so  dear  to  classic  lore, 
Where  2uar’ndon’s  Chapel  shews  a  falling 
bead,  [dead  : 

Crumbling  to  dust,  like  its  sepultur’d 
Those  sacred  walls  had  ne’er  in  ‘ruins 
been;  [seen; 

The  sculptur’d  marbles  still  with  rapture 
The  Antiquary  now  with  reverence  see 
I  he  splendid  tomb  of  Vavasor  and  Lee. 

Oh,  may  the  thought  inspirit  good  Dupre. 
Now  with  delight  fam’d  IVyon's  gems 
behold, 

His  silver  medals,  and  his  coins  of  gold  : 
These  works  magnificent  his  skill  proclaim, 
And  rank  the  Artist  in  the  rolls  of  Fame. 
But  hark  !  the  thundering  cannons  peal 
around,  [sound ; 

The  trumpets  flourish,  bells  melodious 
The  fair  Eliza,  lov’d  by  England’s  land. 
Gives  to  Hesse  Homberg’s  Prince  her  Royal 
hand. 

Again  do  Princely  Nuptials  greet  the 
sight,  [light; 

And  Albion’s  Realm  around  receives  de- 


r 


*  Gent.  Mag.  Jan.  1734,  vol.  XV.  p,  41. 


is  Eighty-eighth  Volume! 

t 

The  Royal  Dukes  now  take  a  blooming 
Bride:  [preside; 

May  choicest,  blessings  o’er  each  Pair 
May  joys  supreme  long  on  their  union 
shine ;  [Line  ! 

And  Kings  spring  from  the  great  illustrious 

Thy  martial  pages  India's  war  proclaim  : 
The  valiant  Chieftains  consecrate  to  Fame. 
Hislop's  and  Ochterlony's  actions  shine, 

The  brightest  bay  round  Hastings'1  temples 
twine, 

Who  plann’d  the  operations  of  the  field. 
And  Eastern  Monarchs  were  compell’d  to 
yield. 

The  choice  remarks  on  Signs  of  Inns 
impart 

Historic  illustration  to  the  heart; 

The  Eagle,  Christopher,  the  Alfred's  Head, 
St.  George  and  Dragon ,  are  with  pleasure 
read  ;  [display, 

The  number  such,  the  Muse  can’t  here 
Save  Ring  of  bells  that  hails  each  festal  day. 

On  Byro's  neat  “  Compendiums,”  praise 
is  due ; 

Mullum  in parvo  there  the  eye  may  view. 
His  leaf  with  richest  information  glows, 
The  “  Holy  Shades”  of  every  County  shews. 

But  why  do  British  standards  halt-high 
float,  [ful  note  ? 

Why  muffled  bells  ring  out  the  mourn- 
Charlolte' s  no  more  !  our  Monarch’s  gra¬ 
cious  Queen,  [keen. 

Releas’d  from  pain  severe,  from  suffering 
Feelings  acute  her  Royal  Line  possest, 
What  poignant  grief  assail’d  the  Regent’s 
breast  ! 

Say!  what  eulogium  shall  the  Nation  give? 
Widely  diffus’d  her  Charities  shall  live. 
Her  virtues  ever  shall  exalt  her  name. 

Her  excellence  be  blown  from  trump  of 
Fame. 

The  ships  that  to  the  Arctic  regions  sail’d, 
A  North  west  passage  to  explore,  have 
fail’d :  [wind. 

The  well-built  keels  encounter’d  storm  and 
But  only  frozen  seas  and  ice  could  find  : 
Yet  Ross  has  brought  from  new-discover’d 
shore  [fore. 

Tts  race  canine,  and  things  unknown  be- 
What  though  ihe  arduous  souls  did  not 
succeed,  [meed. 

The  Heroes  well  have  won  fair  Honour’s 

As  erst  in  prose  each  month  you  did 
rehearse,  [verse ; 

These  few  contents  the  Muse  now  gives  in 
More  to  depict,  she  feels  the  effort  vain, 
Such  numerous  charms  thy  different  leaves 
contain. 

Horace  renown’d  thus  clos’d  his  bright 
career, 

/Ere perennius  will  my  works  appear. 

And  latest  Time,  O  Urban  !  shalt  thou 
brave, 

Such  the  foundation  laid  by  great,  immor¬ 
tal  Cave.  William  Rawlins. 

Tcversal  Rectory,  Dec.  31 


[  Hi  ] 


PREFACE 


TO  THE 

i  ,  N 

SECOND  PART  of  the  EIGHTY-EIGHTH  VOLUME. 


IN  presenting  ourselves  before  the  Publick  again  with  grateful  ac¬ 
knowledgments  for  their  past  support,  we  think  that  we  now  do 
so  under  promising  aspects.  The  Political  Machine,  so  long  hacknied 
in  a  War  direction,  of  course  became  for  a  time  unlit  for  use  in  another 
form.  The  wheels  appeared  simply  to  hang  together,  without  the  ca¬ 
pacity  of  effective  action.  But,  the  stream  of  pecuniary  capital  seeming 
now  to  be  applied  with  increasing  force,  we  think  that  the  National 
energy  is  beginning  more  and  more  to  develope  itself,  and  will,  under 
Providence,  effect  as  many  blessings  in  Peace,  as  it  has  glories  in  War. 

How  much  Literature  and  Science  are  impeded  by  War,  is  well-known  j 
but  we  need  only  allude  to  the  eagerness  and  zeal  with  which  ail  the 
different  Nations  of  the  Globe  are  now  explored  by  Englishmen,  and  the 
number  and  immense  circulation  of  Encyclopaedias,  to  justify  a  most  fa¬ 
vourable  expectation  of  high  National  improvement  in  mind  and  morals. 

In  adverting  to  our  own  humble  share  in  political  concerns,  it  is  of 
course  limited  to  such  effects  as  may  be  justifiably  presumed  to  result 
from  the  diffusion  of  principles,  we  trust,  correct  in  reference  to  the 
Constitution  in  Church  and  State.  We  think  that  we  act  rightly,  where 
the  object  is  of  most  momentous  concern,  and  the  thing  itself  is  the 
creature,  not  of  theory,  but  of  time  and  experience.  We  do  not  deny  (t@ 
use  a  homely  allusion)  that  there  may  be  very  good  Constitution-Tailors 
in  all  countries  :  but,  if  their  coats  will  not  fit;  to  what  purpose  is  their 
calling  ?  We  conceive  that  Englishmen  do  not  assimilate  the  Inhabitants 
of  any  other  Nation.  They  use  more  labour  and  activity.  They  talk  at 
freedom  of  Politicks  and  Religion.  They  quarrel  differently  ;  even  in 
their  Duels,  they  do  not  seek  sanguinary  revenge,  so  much  as  vindication 
of  their  bravery.  If  they  become  rich,  they  expect  titles  and  honours  ; 
nor  indeed  do  they  like  to  adopt  any  vocation  which  does  not  promise 
either  wealth  or  promotion  j  nor  are  they  happy  if  they  do  not  mix 
in  society  with  perfect  liberty  of  speech  and  action.  Let  us  add  to  this, 
that  their  pecuniary  interests  are  so  intimately  involved  in  their  consti¬ 
tution,  and  that  their  habits  are  so  formed  by  that  very  constitution,  that 
we  do  not  see  why  we  are  to  listen  to  clamorous  Quacks,  who  would  per¬ 
suade  us  that  we  are  in  a  state  of  high  disease,  in  order  that  we  may  take 
their  medicines.  Whoever  differs  from  us  in  opinion,  will  at  least  admit 
that  caution  is  a  necessary  property  of  respectability. 

From  an  earnest  zeal  for  the  good  of  Science,  properly  so  called,  we 
have  ever  kept  our  pages  open  to  the  discussion  of  all  points  which  add 
to  information,  or  promise  useful  results.  We  have  been  honoured  by 
communications  from  the  first  and  the  best-informed  minds.  Whoever 

knows 


PREFACE  TO  VOL.  LXXXVIII.  PART  II. 


iv 

knows  how  much  useful  and  interesting  matter  would  inevitably  be  lost 
to  the  world,  were  it  not  for  Periodical  Miscellanies,  will  see  their  im¬ 
portance  in  its  real  light.  If  our  first  Scholars,  or  our  active  minds,  had 
not  these  channels  of  communication,  much  of  their  labours,  if  even  re¬ 
duced  to  writing,  would  become  useless,  and  share  the  fate  of  the  letters 
and  papers  of  deceased  Attorneys  5  devolve  to  the  heir,  and  be  used  for 
waste  paper.  We  trust  that  we  have  claims  to  public  respect  in  re¬ 
stricting  our  Pdiscellany  from  degeneration  into  a.  political  pamphlet,  in 
substituting  intelligible  elegancies  of  the  higher  order  of  composition, 
the  fine  and  delicate  classicalia  of  finished  Scholars  and  Gentlemen,  for 
the  superstition  of  Literature,  the  heavy  metaphysical  jargon  of  discon¬ 
tented  Politicians  and  Religionists.  We  also  can  proudly  boast  that  we 
set  the  example  of  paying  due  regard  to  departed  worth,  by  having  am¬ 
plified  our  Obituary. 

We  do  not  profess  to  usher  our  Readers  into  a  dark  room,  where 
there  is  a  pulpit  in  one  corner,  and  a  tribune  in  another,  for  raving  de- 
claimers  ;  we  do  nqt  think  that  the  mind  of  Newton  was  formed  either 
by  religious  or  political  enthusiasm,  and  we  know  that  science  alone  can 
display  the  glory  of  God,  can  enable  us  to  behold  his  admirable  Museum 
of  the  Universe,  study  in  his  Library,  and  understand  the  language  which 
He  speaks. 

We  speak  not  thus  intemperatelv ;  but,  in  every  period,  when,  from 
circumstances,  religious  and  political  discussion  have  been  carried  to  ex¬ 
tremes,  feeling  has  been  substituted  for  sense,  and  nonsense  has  abounded 
through  the  encouragement  of  Party.  We  could  even  name  modern 
Writers  of  high  fame  and  eloquence,  engaged  in  the  propagation  of  gloom 
and  misery,,  by  perverting  the  most  evident  attributes  of  Deity,  and  pro¬ 
fessing  to.  combat  an  infidel  petitio  principii  by  others  of  even  silly  ab¬ 
surdity.  But  our  object  is  not  to  censure  :  we  mean  only  to  warn  5  and, 
in  the  spirit  of  meekness,  solicit  our  Literati  to  protect  and  secure  the 
taste  of  the  Country  from  miserable  deterioration  5  and  divert  the  na¬ 
tional  attention  from  aiming  at  impossibilities,  to  rational  improve¬ 
ments  in  Science  and  the  Arts. 

In  promotion  of  these  laudable  objects,  we  solicit  the  continuation  of 
the  favours  of  our  Literary  Friends.  They  know  our  principles,  and  we 
trust,  that  they  will  duly  appreciate  our  motives.  To  useful,  elegant, 
and  liberal  studies,  we  own  ourselves  highly  friendly,  because  we  think 
that  they  alone  are  capable  of  satisfactory  results :  and  we  trust  that  the 
Gentleman' s  Magazine  will  ever  retain  its  character  of  being  a  Temple, 
where  may  be  found  a  variety  of  Ceimelia,  in  Greek  delicacy  of  fabrick, 
choice  offerings  from  the  line-minded  devotees  of  pure  taste,  and  deep 
and  elegant  learning. 

December  31,  1818. 


LIST  OF  PLATES. 


Antiquities,  Miscellaneous,  305. 

Colet,  Dean,  bis  bouse  at  Stepney,  233. 
Combe,  Alderman,  portrait  of,  201. 
Cranborne  Chace,  Deer-Hunter,  113. 
Deer-Hunter,  in  proper  costume,  113. 
Dunnington  on  the  Heath,  old  house 
at,  17. 

Essex ,  antiquities  found  in,  305. 

Ifftey  Church,  Oxon,  9. 

Kilcolman  Castle,  co.  Cork,  577. 
Lichfield ,  antiquities  found  at,  305. 


Marston  Magna  Church,  Somerset,  105. 
Nottingham  Castle ,  Lodge  of,  577. 
Shrewsbury ,  Grey  Friars,  297- 
St.  Martin's  Le  Grand,  Architectural 
Remains,  393. 

St.  Paul's  School,  233. 

Salisbury ,  ornamented  stones  at,  305. 
Seal,  antient,  305. 

Sharp,  Granville,  Portrait  of,  489. 
Sherborne,  Antient  Building  at,  497* 
Stepney ,  Dean  Colet’s  House  at,  233. 


T  I-I  E 


GENTLEMAN’S  MAGAZINE 


London  Gazette 
General  Evening 
Times-M.  Advert. 

N.Times— B.  Press 
P. Ledger  ^Oracle 
M.Post-M.  Herald 
■  Morning  Chronic. 

;  St.  James’s  Chron. 

Sun — Even.  Maii 
!  Courier — Star 
Globe— Traveller 
Statesman 
Packet-Lond.Chr. 

Albion— C.  Chron. 

Eng.  Chron.— Inq. 

Cour.d’Angleterre 
Cour.  de  Londres 
!  1  Weekly  Papers 
17  Sunday  Papers 
Hue  &  Cry  Police 
Lit.  Adv.-Lit.Gaz. 

Bath  3 — Bristol  5 
Berwick — Boston 
Birmin.  3,Blackb. 

Brighton — Bury 
Camb. — Chath. 

Carli.2— Chester2 
Chelms.  Cambria. 

Cornw. -Covent.  2 

JIPi£cenaneou£  Cim*e$?ontjence. 

Minor  Correspondence.  —  Questions,  & c.  2 
Appeal  for  aid  to  repair  Chester  Cathedral.  3 
On  Climate  of  England- — Antient  Seasons.  ...4 
Anniv.  of  Roxburghe  Club,  Paris  &  London  5 
Cathedral  Schools  7.— -Author  of  “Junius.”  8 
Description  of  Iffley  Church,  Oxfordshire...  9 
Compendium  of  County  Hist.  :  Middlesex  ib. 

Remarks  on  the  Signs  of  Inns,  &c .  1 3 

Old  Building  at  Dunnington,  co.  Leicester.  17 
Original  Anecdotes  of  Dr.  Oliver  Goldsmith  ib. 
On  the  Payment  of  Burial-fees,  &c.  &c.  21 
Dr.  Haygarth’s  Rules  against  Contagion, 
and  to  exterminate  Contagious  Fevers  ...24 
On  the  probable  Illustration  of  our  Records, 

&c.  from  the  Usages  of  the  East . 27 

Distinctive  Character,  &c.  of  good  Musick  30 
Mr.  J.  C.  Smyth  on  the  Chromatic  Scale. ..32 

On  Eccentricity  of  Character .  53 

The  Detected,  a  Periodical  Paper,  No.  VII. 34 

Plan  for  Parochial  Lending  Libraries . 35 

Dilapidated  state  of  Bath  Abbey  Church. .  36 
Particulars  of  J.  Adams,  of  Pitcairn’s  Island37 
Essay  for  a  newTranslation  of  theEible?&;c.38 
Roman  Remains  at  Haceby,  co.  Lincoln,  ibid. 
Mrs.  Corn  wallis  39.— Durham  Cathed.School40 


JULY,  1818. 

CONTAINING 


Cumb.2- Doncast. 
Derb.— Dorchest. 
Durham  — Essex 
Exeter  2,  Glouc.2 
Halifax — Hants  2 
Hereford,  Hull  3 
H  untingd.-Kent  4 
Ipswich  1,  Lancas. 
Leices.2— Leeds  2 
Lichfield,  Liver. 6 
Macclesf.  Courier. 
Maidst.  Manch.  6 
N  ewe.  3. — Notts.  2 
Northampton 
Norfolk,  Norwich 
N.  Wales,  Oxford  2 
Portsea — Pottery 
Preston — Plym.  2 
Reading — Salisb. 
Salop — Sheffield^ 
Sherborne,  Sussex 
Shrewsbury 
Staff. — Stamf.  2 
Taunton — Tyne 
Wakefi. — Warw. 
Wolverh.  Wore. 2 
York3.lREr,AND37 
Scotland  24. 
Jersey2.Guern.  2 

Uetrieto  of  Publication^. 

Clav  is  Hogarthiaua,  lllustrationsof  Hogarth41 
Coxe’s  Memoirs  of  Duke  of  Marlborough  ib. 
Fosbrooke’s  W ye  Tour,  or  Gilpin  on  the  Wye43 
Miss  Aikin’s  Memoirs  of  Court  of  E!izabeth45 
Childe  Harold’s  Pilgrimage,  Canto  IV,  &c.  47 
Astarte,  a  Sicilian  Tale. — Felix  Alvarez....  48 
Chafm’s  Anecdotes  &c.  ofCranbourn  Chase  51 
Northanger  Abbey, &c.  ;  Attributes  of  Satan52 
Religious  Liberty,  &e. — Annual  Biography  55 
Keatinge’s  Travels.  —  Specimens  in  Turning 58 

Literary  Intelligence . 59 

Intelligence  relating  to  Arts  and  Sciences. ..60 

Select  Poetry  < . 62 — 64 

#i£tovicaf  ^bvonicle. 

Proceedings  in  the  lateSession  of  Parliament  65 
Interesting  Intellig.  from  London  Gazettes  70 
Abstract  of  principal  Foreign  Occurrences.  73 
Intelligence  from  various  Parts  of  the  King¬ 
dom,  78. — London  and  its  Vicinity . 80 

Promotions,  & c. — Births,  and  Marriages  ...81 
Obituary  ;  containing  original  notices  of 
Sir  T.  Bernard,  Bart.;  H.  C. Combe,  Esq. 
SirC.  Price,  Bart.;  Earl  of  Kerry,  &C....82 
Meteorological  Diary,  94 ;  Bill  of  Mortality  95 
Prices  of  the  Markets,  95 — The  Stocks,  &.e,  96 


With  a  Perspective  View  of  the  West  End  of  Iffley  Church  in  Oxfordshire, 
and  an  Old  Building  at  Dunnington,  in  Leicestershire. 


By  SYLVANUS  URBAN,  Gent. 

Printed  by  Nichols,  Son,  and  Bentley,  at  Cicero’s  Head,  R-ed  Lion  Passage,  Fleet-str.  London, 
where  all  Letters  to  the  Editor  are  particularly  desired  to  be  addressed,  Post-paid. 


aagw-  r.  ■ 


[  2  1 

MINOR  CORRESPONDENCE. 


We  reluctantly  decline  printing  the 
long  and  well-written  Letter  of  Sigis- 
monda  ;  but  it  would  produce  a  never- 
ending  altercation  on  a  subject  which 
has  already  been  carried  too  far. 

Vicinus  writes,  “  Though  the  case  of 
Thomas  Redmile  was  never  doubted  by 
any  one,  who  read  the  statement,  and 
observed  the  result,  1  cannot  hesitate  to 
comply  with  the  request  of  your  Cor¬ 
respondent 

“  We,  the  Minister,  Churchwarden, 
Overseer  of  the  poor,  and  Surgeon,  of 
Bourn,  to  which  Dyke  is  an  hamlet,  have 
not  the  smallest  hesitation  to  corrobo¬ 
rate  by  our  official  signatures  the  truth, 
and  shall  be  very  glad  to  find  that  this 
our  testimony  is  instrumental  in  adding 
to  the  subscriptions  already  received. 

John  Nicholson,  Minister  of  Bourn. 

WilliamThorpe, Churchwarden  of  do. 

William  Munton,  Overseer. 

William  Simpson,  Surgeon.” 

C.  R.  wishes  us  to  notice  an  Error  in 
the  edition  of  a  Delphin  Classic  generally 
put  into  the  hands  of  youth.  “  The 
error  lies  in  a  note  upon  the  word 
Crotoniensem,  which  occurs  in  the  “  Bel- 
lum  Catilinariurn”  of  Sallust,  page  35. 
note  a. — “  Crotoniensem.']  Duse  fue- 
runt  urbes  in  Italic,  Croton  aut  Croto- 
na,  nominate  ;  altera  in  extremA  Cala- 
briA  ad  ortum,  altera  in  UmbriA.” — The 
Author  of  this  note  commits  a  twofold 
mistake  ;  first,  by  saying  there  were  two 
cities  of  this  name,  as  it  will  be  found 
on  a  survey  of  the  Map  of  Italy,  that 
the  city,  in  Umbria,  to  which  he  evi¬ 
dently  alludes,  was  named  Cortona,  not 
Crotona.  Secondly,  By  placing  the  real 
Croton  or  Crotona  in  Calabria,  since  it 
was  situated  in  the  territory  of  the  Brutii, 
on  the  coast  of  the  Tarentine  Bay. — See 
Lloyd’s  “  Dietionarium  Historicum, 
Geographicum,”  &c.  Lempriere’s  Clas¬ 
sical  Diet,  and  Dr.  Patrick’s  Celarius. 

Antiqlatus  asks  when  the  Antient 
Church  Text  Characters  came  first  into 
use,  as  also  those  of  the  Court  Hand 
and  Old  English.  It  is  much  to  be  re¬ 
gretted,  he  observes,  that  the  above 
mentioned  characters  are  now  almost 
lost;  and  at  the  public  law  offices  where 
the  Records,  &c.  till  very  recently  were 
written  in  court-hand,  they  have  substi- 
stuted  the  common  hand,  and  often  in¬ 
stead  of  that,  printing. 

J.  M.  wishes  for  information  respect¬ 
ing  a  book  in  his  possession  which 
wants  the  title,  and  of  which  the  fol¬ 
lowing  is  a  description. — It  is  a  thick 
quarto,  and  begins  at  signature  a.  ji. 


which  has  part  of  “  The  Preface.”  That 
Preface,  which  purports  to  be  an  ad¬ 
dress  to  the  clergy  from  one  who  calls 
them  “  deare  brethren,”  is  subscribed — 
“  From  my  house  at  Cantorbury,  the 
xvi  of  July.  In  the  yeare  of  our  Lord. 
M.  D.  lxvi.”  Then  follow  some  Prayers. 
The  first  part  of  the  Work,  which  is  a 
Postill ,  contains  312  fol.  on  the  verso 
of  the  last  of  which  is — “  Here  endeth 
the  fyrste  part  of  the  Postille.”  The  se¬ 
cond  part  begins  thus — “  The  seconde 
parte  of  this  Appostell,  beginnyng  at  the 
firste  Sondaie,”  &c.  and  contains  195 
fol.  At  the  end  is  “  Thus  endeth 
the  Postill  upon  al  the  Gospels  that  be 
redde  in  the  Churche  thorow  out  the 
yeare  on  the  Sondayes.  To  God  the 
Father,”  &c.  — Our  Correspondent  has 
examined  two  Postills  in  the  British 
Museum,  published  about  the  date  given 
above,  the  one  being  a  translation  of  a 
work  of  Hemmingius,  and  the  other  of 
one  of  Chytreeus,  by  Arthur  Golding  : 
but  neither  of  them  corresponds  with  that 
in  his  possession  ;  nor  can  he  find  a  de¬ 
scription  of  any  in  Ames’s  Typographical 
Antiquities  which  does.  Strype,  in  his 
Annals,  under  the  year  1569,  has  a  re¬ 
ference,  not  very  distinct,  to  different 
Postills  written  and  published  about  this 
time,  and  specifies  that  of  N.  Hemmin¬ 
gius.  It  would  be  a  gratification  to  our 
Correspondent,  to  obtain  the  title,  and 
the  general  subject  of  the  Contents  up 
to  the  place  where  his  copy  commences. 

He  has  less  hope  with  respect  to  an  im¬ 
perfect  duodecimo  copy  ofthe Hore  secun¬ 
dum  tisum  Sarum.  It  wants  the  title, 
and  the  month  of  January  in  the  Calen¬ 
dar.  It  has  no  colophon  ;  but  on  the 
last  leaves  of  the  signature  b,  has  the 
following  English  directions  at  intervals 
— “  whan  thou  goest  first  oute  of  thy  hous 
blesse  the  sayeng — whan  thou  entrest  in 
thothe  chirche,  say  thus  —  whan  thou 
takest  holy  water  say  th9  —  whan  thou 
begynnesth  to  proye  thus  begynne  kene- 
lyng”  — and,  a  little  after,  “  hore  inte- 
merate  beate  Marie  Virginis  secundum 
usura  Sarum.”  It  has  borders  of  grotes¬ 
ques  throughout.  Several  of  the  plates 
are  nearly  the  same  as  those  which  are 
exhibited  in  Dibdin’s  Decameron,  vol.  I ; 
and  one  is  exactly  the  same  as  that  given 
a.  65.  The  character  is  a  sharp  Gothic. 
He  does  not  find  any  book  answering  to 
this  in  Gough’s  British  Topography. 

Mr.  Bellamy’s  Account  of  Marston 
Magna,  with  a  View  of  the  Church,  in 
our  next;  with  a  Memoir  of  the  late 
Isaac  Hawkins  Browne,  Esq.  &c.  &c. 


f  3  ] 


THE  GENTLEMANS  MAGAZINE, 

For  JULY,  1818. 


.  MISCELLANEOUS  CORRESPONDENCE. 


THE  veneration  which  attaches  us 
to  the  support  of  the  unrivalled 
Civil  aud  Ecclesiastical  Establishment 
of  the  land  we  live  in, — and  our  re¬ 
gard  for  Ecclesiastical  Architecture, 
— are  powerful  motives  for  laying 
before  our  Readers  the  following 
Circular  Letter  from  a  Prelate  who 
is  deserving  of  every  commendation. 

“  Rev.  Sir,  Palace ,  Chester,  July  1. 

“  With  the  full  approbation  and  con¬ 
currence  of  his  Royal  Highness  the 
Prince  Regent,  acting  in  the  name  and 
behalf  of  his  Majesty,  I  issue  this  Cir¬ 
cular  to  my  Clergy  ;  and  request  you 
to  preach  a  Sermon  in  your  Church,  and 
to  make  a  personal  application  through 
your  Parish,  in  order  to  provide  the 
means,  so  much  wanted,  for  the  Repair 
of  our  Cathedral. 

“  It  may  perhaps  be  unnecessary  for 
roe  to  apprize  you,  that  the  Funds  of 
the  Capitular  Body  are  unequal,  even 
to  the  annual  Expenses  of  the  Cathe¬ 
dral,  much  more  to  the  Repair  of  it. 
From  this  cause,  and  from  an  anxious 
wish  on  the  part  of  the  Dean  and  Chap¬ 
ter  to  leave  nothing  undone  which  they 
could  accomplish,  they  have  become  in¬ 
volved  in  a  considerable  degree  of  Debt. 
An  accurate  Survey  and  Estimate  have 
been  made  by  Mr.  Harrison,  the  Archi¬ 
tect  ;  and  from  these  it  appears,  that  at 
least  7,000/.  are  required  for  the  decent 
repair  of  our  ancient  and  venerable  Fa- 
brick.  Unless  something  be  done — and 
done  soon,  the  Building  must  inevitably 
fall  into  a  state  of  disgraceful  Dilapida¬ 
tion.  Such  a  circumstance  would  un¬ 
doubtedly  excite  a  strong  feeling  of  re¬ 
gret  in  the  mind  of  every  Friend  to  our 
Ecclesiastical  Establishment :  It  would, 
I  am  sure,  be  more  peculiarly  painful  to 
those  who  are  locally  interested  in  the 
welfare  and  credit  of  our  Cathedral 
Church. 

“  With  confidence,  then,  I  make  this 
appeal  to  the  Clergy  and  Laity  of  my 
Diocese  ;  humbly  but  earnestly  request¬ 
ing,  that  their  wonted  Liberality  may 


be  exercised,  on  an  occasion  every  way 
so  worthy  of  it.  They  cannot,  I  trust, 
be  indifferent  to  the  success  of  a  mea¬ 
sure  connected  as  this  is  with  the  best 
Interests  and  Character  of  the  Diocese 
of  Chester. 

“  I  would  recommend  that  the  Ser¬ 
mon  should  be  preached  in  the  course  of 
the  present  or  the  following  month. 

“  The  Donations  which  you  may  re¬ 
ceive,  as  also  the  amount  of  your  paro¬ 
chial  Collection,  will  be  published  in 
the  Papers,  and  may  be  transmitted  to 
the  Committee,  at  William  Ward’s, 
Esq.  Registry  Office,  Chester.  I 
am.  Rev.  Sir,  Your  Friend  and  Brother, 
George  H.  Chester.” 

Mr.  Urban,  July  1. 

OU  have  recently  published  a  pa¬ 
per,  attributing  changes  in  the 
climate  of  England  to  certain  circum¬ 
stances  connected  with  the  Polar  Ice. 
The  statement  is  certainly  ingenious, 
perhaps  accurate;  for  the  fact  may 
have  ensued  in  former  ages,  as  well  as 
the  present ;  but  it  may  not  be  unin¬ 
teresting  to  state,  from  the  Chroni¬ 
clers,  the  Seasons  which  have  been 
found  to  affect  this  Island  in  a  serious 
degree. 

Long  Winter  injurious.  In  1111 
the  winter  was  long,  hard,  and  severe ; 
which  much  injured  the  fruits  of  the 
earth.  Chron.  Saxon.  217.  Ed.  Gibs. 

Immoderate  autumnal  rains  inju¬ 
rious.  In  1116,  The  Saxon  Chroni¬ 
cle  says,  “  This  was  a  very  miserable 
year,  and  hurtful  to  the  crops,  by 
reason  of  immoderate  rains,  which 
began  about  the  beginning  of  August, 
and  much  vexed  and  afflicted  the  na¬ 
tion,  till  Candlemas.”  Id.  p.  219. 

In  1 124  was  another  bad  season,  and 
corn  very  scarce  ;  but  the  particulars 
of  the  weather  are  not  expressed. 
Id.  227. 

Stormy  seasons  injurious.  In  1085 
there  was  a  very  late  harvest;  and 

fuch 


4 


On  Climate  of  England — Antient  Seasons.  [July, 


such  a  quantity  of  thunder  and  light¬ 
ning,  that  many  persons  perished  in 
consequence.  Id.  1ST. 

In  1089  a  great  earthquake  ensued  ; 
a  late  harvest,  and  the  corn  not  got 
in  tiil  Martinmas;  in  many  places 
later.  Id.  196. 

In  1095  another  had  season,  and 
in  1103  another,  but  no  particulars 
specified.  Id.  203,  211. 

In  1112  was  a  remarkable  plentiful 
year,  no  cause  given.  Id.  217. 

In  1114  a  comet  appeared  in  May: 
there  was  such  a  want  of  water,  that 
people,  pedestrians  and  horsemen, 
crossed  the  Thames,  East  of  London 
Bridge.  In  October  and  November 
were  very  violent  winds.  Id.  217. 

Violent  rains ,  followed  by  hard 
frosts ,  thereby  corrected.  In  1093 
there  was  a  fall  of  rain  beyond  me¬ 
mory.  The  winter  succeeding,  the 
rivers  were  so  frozen,  that  they  were 
passable  by  men  on  horseback.  (M. 
Paris ,  p.  14.)  According  to  this 
year,  heavy  autumnal  rains  require 
frosts  to  prevent  injury. 

Thunder  at  the  commencement  of 
Spring  portending  a  wet  Summer.  In 
1233,  10  Cal.  Apr.  there  were  ter¬ 
rible  thunders,  and  during  the  whole 
Summer  there  was  such  a  quantity 
of  rain,  that,  according  to  the  Chro¬ 
niclers,  even  river  fish  were  produced 
in  the  water  collected  by  stagnation, 
around  the  corn,  through  the  swell¬ 
ing  of  the  brooks.”  Id.  324. 

IV et  seasons,  followed  by  high 
winds.  In  1223  there  was  such  con¬ 
tinual  rain  through  all  the  months  of 
the  year,  and  inequality  of  tempera¬ 
ture,  that  the  corn  did  not  ripen  till 
very  late,  and  the  crops  were  scarcely 
housed  in  November.  In  January 
there  were  violent  storms  of  wind. 
M.  Paris ,  269. 

Fine  Autumn  and  Winter  followed 
by  Frosts  in  Spring ,  its  consequences. 
In  1258  the  Autumn  continued  fine 
till  the  end  of  January,  so  that  there 
was  not  a  sign  of  frost.  But  from 
Candlemas  to  Lady-day,  the  North 
wind  set  in,  with  intolerable  cold  and 
snow,  so  that  many  youug  cattle  were 
destroyed,  and  there  was  a  general  de-^ 
struction  of  sheep  and  lambs.  Id.  826. 

Autumnal  rains  how  injurious . 
The  year  1257  was  a  very  barren 
year,  for  the  autumnal  rains  de¬ 
stroyed  the  whole  benefit  of  the 
Spring  and  Summer.  It  was  conti¬ 
nually  rain  and  fog  from  Autumn  to 
Candlemas.  Id.  822. 


North  ivind  in  Spring.  In  1258  (of 
which  year  before)  the  North  wind 
blew  from  April  to  May  and  most  of 
June  ;  so  that  the  crops  rose  very 
thin  above  the  ground.  The  harvest 
failed  ;  and  there  was  a  sad  mortality 
among  the  poor.  (fd.  830.)  In  this 
dreadful  year  about  Trinity  Sunday  a 
pestilence  broke  out;  and  through  the 
excessive  rains,  the  harvest  was  so 
late,  that  in  many  parts  of  the  king¬ 
dom  it  was  not  housed  till  the  end  of 
November;  and  the  quarter  of  corn 
rose  to  16s.  in  those  days.  Id.  832. 

These  two  years,  1257  and  1258, 
present  some  conclusive  facts.  An  ex¬ 
cessive  rainy  Autumn  was  followed 
by  a  fine  winter.  A  very  frosty  spring 
ensued,  and  was  followed  by  another 
very  wet  autumn.  The  cold  pre¬ 
vented  the  growth  of  the  young  corn; 
the  rain  blasted  what  did  appear.  So 
that  two  wet  autumns,  with  an  inter¬ 
vening  cold  spring,  are  assuredly  very 
bad. 

* 

Charles  II.  said  of  the  climate  of 
England,  that  there  never  was  a  day 
in  which  it  rained  so  incessantly  that 
a  person  could  not  take  a  dry  walk 
for  one  hour,  out  of  the  twenty-four. 
There  is  reason  to  think,  from  the 
particular  notice  of  rain  taken  by  the 
Chroniclers,  that  it  was  not  antiently 
so  common  as  now. 

In  1296  says,  Ralph  de  Diceto,  “  a 
continual  fall  of  showers  throughout 
England  for  three  days  terrified 
many,”  ( Decern  Scriptores ,  697.)  The 
reason  was  well  fouuded,  for  in  1286 
a  terrible  storm  of  rain,  thunder,  and 
lightning,fell  upon  St.  Margaret’s  day, 
which  so  drowned  the  crops,  that  corn 
rose  in  London  from  three-pence  a 
bushell  to  two  shillings.  Decern  Scrip - 
tores ,  2468. 

From  these  scattered  facts,  it  ap¬ 
pears,  that  cold  Springs  and  wet  Au¬ 
tumns  are  the  most  ungenial  to  this 
Country,  at  least  so  far  as  concerns  the 
results  of  tillage.  Our  late  plentiful 
years  have  been  distinguished  by  hard 
wintry  frosts,  warm  springs  abound¬ 
ing  in  showers,  dry  summers  and  au¬ 
tumns.  It  is  not  perhaps,  after  all,  the 
quantity  of  rain,  which  does  us  so 
much  injury,  as  the  privation  of  sun; 
and  it  is  an  unnoticed  fact,  that  du¬ 
ring  our  two  last  rainy  years,  the  wet 
has  much  resulted  from  changes  of 
the  wind,  suddenly,  in  opposite  direc¬ 
tions;  and  this  was  assuredly  the 
cause  of  the  drought  in  the  North  in 
1816.  The  rains  came  in  here  with 

cause 


* 

1818.]  Anniversary  of  Roxburghe  Club  celebrated  at  Paris. 


South  and  South-Westerly  winds:  but 
before  they  could  proceed  to  the  Bal- 
tick,  and  adjacent  countries,  were 
blown  b&ck  again  by  a  North  and 
North  Wester. 

It  is  certain,  that  the  winds  are  very 
well  understood  by  Philosophers;  and 
the  effects  of  the  variations  of  the 
Polar  Ice  upon  temperature,  by  infer¬ 
ence,  upon  the  rarefaction  or  conden¬ 
sation  of  air,  so  as  to  affect  the  ac¬ 
tion  of  the  winds,  in  certain  direc¬ 
tions,  are  facts,  if  ascertainable  with 
philosophical  precision,  of  much  mo¬ 
ment;  for  upon  the  propensity  of  any 
country  to  wet  or  dry  seasons,  depends 
its  respective  capacity  for  agriculture 
or  pasturage.  If  the  former  should 
predominate  for  a  long  time  in  this 
country,  the  grazing  husbandry  would 
perhaps  proportionally  increase. 

Yours,  &c.  Weather-wise. 

Mr.  Urban,  July  6. 

AV1NG  accidentally  met  with  a 
number  of  the  Annales  Ency- 
clopediques ,  a  French  periodical  pub¬ 
lication,  I  was  not  a  little  surprized  to 
find  in  it  an  account  of  a  dinner  given 
at  Paris  by  ou  r  countryman,  the  Rev. 
Dibdin,  on  the  17th  of  last  month, 
on  occasion  of  the  Anniversary  of  the 
Roxburghe  Club.  As  it  may  afford 
some  amusement  to  the  members  of 
that  association,  and  to  your  Biblio- 
uianiacal  readers  in  general,  I  send 
yon  a  translation  of  the  chief  parts 
of  it.  X.  Y. 

,  Dinner  given  at  Paris  on  the  17th  of 
June,  ISIS,  the  Anniversary  of  the 
Institution  of  theRoxBURGHE  Club, 
by  the  Rev.  T.  F.  Dibdin,  the  Vice- 
President. 

Among  the  foreigners  of  distin¬ 
guished  reputation  now  in  Paris  is 
the  celebrated  bibliographer,  Mr.  Dib¬ 
din,  the  author  of  the  Catalogue  of 
Earl  Spencer’s  Library.  The  titles  of 
Mr.  Dibdin’s  works  will  be  found  in 
the  Biographie  des  Hommes  vivans ; 
but  they  are  scarcely  known  out  of 
England,  on  account  of  their  price 
and  rarity.  As  the  King’s  Library 
possesses  the  whole  of  them,  I  will 
here  mention  the  four  last,  viz.  the 
Bibliomania;  the  Typographical  Anti¬ 
quities ;  the  Bibliotheca  Spenceriana; 
and  the  Bibliographical  Decameron. 

Mr.  Dibdin,  already  known  by  his 
bibliographical  pursuits,  was  intro¬ 
duced  to  me  through  one  of  ray  dear¬ 
est  and  most  honorauble  friends  in 


a 

England,  Dawson  Turner,  Esq.  Mr. 
Dibdin  intends  publishing  a  literary 
and  bibliographical  Tour  through 
France,  Germany,  and  the  Nether¬ 
lands;  a  design  which  is  too  much  in 
unison  with  that  kind  of  study  to 
which  I  have  devoted  ray  life,  not  to 
have  cemented  our  connexion,  and 
our  intercourse  has  now  become  an 
intimacy.  Mr.  Dibdin  has  shewn  me 
the  beautiful  drawings  which  he  had 
executed  at  Caen,  Falaise,  Brieux, 
Rouen,  and  other  places,  formerly  in 
the  possession,  and  the  residence,  of 
the  English.  They  are  executed  with 
admirable  accuracy  and  truth,  by  Mr. 
Lewis,  an  English  artist,  whom  he 
carries  with  him.  Mr.  Dibdin  was 
also  desirous  to  make  drawings  from 
some  manuscripts,  and  to  describe 
some  rare  books, in  the  Royal  Library; 
my  fellow  librarians  and  myself  af¬ 
forded  him  all  those  facilities  which 
we  think  it  a  duly  to  afford  every 
one,  but  which  becomes  a  source  of 
real  pleasure  when  exerted  in  favour 
of  men  of  so  much  merit. 

The  lUh  of  June  drew  near;  the 
anniversary  of  that  day  on  which  the 
Marquis  of  Blandford  (now  Duke  of 
Marlborough)  obtained  for  jg.2260. 
the  celebrated  edition  of  Boccacio, 
printed  by  Valdarfer:  this  purchase 
gave  birth  to  a  singular  institution, 
the  anniversary  of  which  Mr.  Dibdin 
was  pleased  to  commemorate  this  year 
in  Paris,  at  the  same  moment  that  its 
Members  were  assembled  in  London, 
for  a  like  purpose.  To  this  enter¬ 
tainment  he  had  invited  M.  Denon,  to 
whom  France  is  still  indebted  for  a 
great  part  of  the  manuscripts  and  rare 
editions  with  which  it  is  enriched,  and 
several  of  the  guardians  of  the  Royal 
Library,  as  Messrs.  Vaupraet,  Laugles, 
Gail,  and  Millin.  Literary  history, 
and  bibliography,  it  may  readily  be 
anticipated,  became  an  inexhaustible 
source  of  conversation.  The  meeting 
presented  a  mixture  of  mirth  and  gra¬ 
vity,  suitable  to  a  feast  of  the  Muses; 
and,  in  the  words  of  the  old  proverb, 
“  the  guests  were  more  than  three, 
and  less  than  nine.”  M.  Gail  recited 
on  the  occasion  some  Latin  verses,  of 
which  the  cheering  on  drinking  the 
toasts  prevented  the  company  from 
feeling  all  the  wit  and  spirit  at  the 
momeut ;  but  they  will  be  printed  in 
the  Hermes  Romauus. 

Mr.  Dibdin,  the  Amphitryon  and 
President  of  the  Feast,  gave  the  first 
toasts :  viz. 


1 .  Earl 


6 


Anniversary  of  the  Roxburghe  Club. 


1.  Earl  Spencer  and  the  distin¬ 
guished  members  of  the  Roxburghe  Club. 

2.  To  the  memory  of  Christopher  Val- 
darfer,  the  printer  of  the  Boccacio  of 
147 1 ;  a  book,  the  purchase  of  which  by 
the  Duke  of  Marlborough  was  the  occa¬ 
sion  of  the  institution  of  the  Roxburghe 
Club. 

3  To  the  immortal  memory  of  Wil¬ 
liam  Caxton,  the  first  English  Printer. 

4.  To  the  glory  of  France. 

5.  To  the  perpetual  union  of  France 
and  England. 

6.  To  the  Prosperity  of  the  Royal  Li¬ 
brary  of  France. 

7.  To  the  health  of  its  worthy  guar¬ 
dians,  whose  knowledge  is  inexhaustible, 
and  whose  kindness  is  unwearied. 

8.  To  the  diffusion  of  the  Sciences, 
arts,  letters,  and  the  Bibliomania. 

9.  May  we  meet  each  other  on  the 
same  day  in  every  year. 

These  toasts  were  returned  by  ano¬ 
ther  given  by  the  guests,  and  drank 
with  three  times  three,  in  the  English 
style,  to  the  Vice-President  of  the 
Roxburghe  club,  who  had  done  them 
the  honour  to  invite  them. 

The  company  broke  up  at  the  hour 
when  the  President  of  the  Roxburghe 
Club  in  London  usually  quits  the  chai  r  ; 
and  Mr.  Dibdin,  the  Vice-President, 
carefully  gathered  up  the  corks,  in 
order  to  carry  them  with  him  to  Eng¬ 
land  as  a  memorial  of  this  agreeable 
dinner.  A.  L.  Millin. 

ROXBURGHE  CLUB. 

HE  Members  held  their  Anniver¬ 
sary  meeting  on  Wednesday,  the 
17th  of  June,  at  the  Albion  Tavern, 
Aldersgate  street.  Mr.  Heber  was  in 
the  Chair,  and  the  members  present 
were  Messrs.  Bentham,  Boswell,  Carr, 
Dodd,  F.  Freeling,  Haslewood,  Hib- 
bert,  Tsted,  Lang,  J.  and  E.  Littledale, 
Markland,  Phelps,  and  Ponton, 

Earl  Spencer  was  absent,  in  conse¬ 
quence  of  a  late  melancholy  event, 
the  death  of  Lady  Althorpe;  and 
many  of  the  Members  were  prevented 
from  attending  by  the  General  Elec¬ 
tion. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  books 
presented  by  the  Members  on  this  oc¬ 
casion. 

By  the  Duke  of  Devonshire. — The 
Lyf  of  St.  Ursula,  and  Guy  star  de  and 
Sygysvnonde ,  translated  from  the  Latin 
by  William  Walter.  Both  works  ori¬ 
ginally  printed  by  Wynkyn  de  Worde, 
the  latter  in  1532. 

Earl  Gow'ER. — t(  Balades  and  other 
Poems,  by  John  Gower,”  now  first  print¬ 
ed  from  the  original  MS.  in  the  Library 


[J  uly, 

of  the  Marquis  of  Stafford,  at  Trent- 
ham. 

Sir  M.  Sykes,  Bart. —  The  Cliorle  and 
the  Byrde ,  translated  from  the  French 
by  Lydgate. 

Roger  Wilbraham,  Esq.  —  “  Dai- 
phantus,  or  the  passions  of  Love,  with 
the  passionate  Man’s  Pilgrimage,  by 
Anthony  Scoloker,  1604.” 

J.  H.  Markland,  Esq. — The  Deluge , 
and  The  Murder  of  the  Innocents;  two 
of  the  Chester  Mysteries,  now  first 
printed  from  MSS.  in  the  British  Mu¬ 
seum,  and  Bodleian  Library  ;  Avith  the 
Proclamation  and  Banes,  Introductory 
observations  on  the  early  English  Drama, 
and  Extracts  from  the  Townley  Mys¬ 
teries. 

John  Dent,  Esq. — “  The  Solempni- 
ties  and  Triumphes  doon  and  made  at 
the  Spousells  and  Mariage  of  the  King’s 
[Henry  ViL]  Doughter,  the  Ladye 
Marye,  to  the  Prynce  of  Castile,  Arche- 
duke  of  Austrige,”  from  an  unique  tract 
printed  by  Pynson,  in  the  British  Mu¬ 
seum. 

Rev.  T.  F.  Dibdin. — The  Coplaynte  of 
a  Lover's  Lyfc ,  and  The  Contr averse 
bytwene  a  Lover  and  a  Jaye ,  by  Thomas 
Feylde,  both  originally  printed  by  Wyn¬ 
kyn  de  Worde. 

Edward  Littledale,  Esq. — “  Diana, 
or  the  excellent  conceitful  Sonnets  of 
Henry  Constable,”  supposed  to  have 
been  printed  either  in  1592  or  1594. 

W.  Bentham,  Esq. — “  Discours  du 
grand  et  magnifique  triumphe,  fait  au 
Mariage  de  tresnoble  et  magnifique 
Pri  nee  Francois  de  Vallois  Roy  Dauphin, 
et  de  treshaute  et  vertueuse  Princesse 
Madame  Marie  d’Estreuart  Royne  d’Es- 
co'sse  A  Roven,  1558.” 

Cathedral  Schools, 

(Continued  from  LXXXVIII.  488.) 

Mr.  Urban,  Crosby -square.  May  17. 

Lichfield. 

THE  Choristers  of  this  Cathedral 
are  by  the  Statutes  eight  in  num¬ 
ber  ;  and  it  is  usual  to  have  two  su¬ 
pernumeraries  on  probation.  They 
are  chosen  by  the  Precentor.  The 
organist  is  master  of  the  boys,  and 
has  a  small  salary,  in  additiou  to  a 
Vicar  Choral’s  place,  for  teaching 
them  music.  This  he  does  in  the  Or¬ 
gan  loft,  accompanying  them  with 
the  Organ.  He  is  not  confined  to  a 
certain  number  of  hours  of  teaching, 
but  the  time  is  always  after  morning 
service.  Beyond  this,  till  within  a  re¬ 
cent  period,  there  was  no  establish¬ 
ment  for  the  education  of  the  Choris¬ 
ters  in  this  Cathedral,  and  from  this 
body  there  has  never  yet  been  pro¬ 
duced 


On  Cathedral  Schools. 


7 


1818.] 

duced  any  persons  distinguished  as 
Musical  composers.  I  am  happy  to 
add,  that  the  present  Dean  and  Chap¬ 
ter  have  lately  established  a  school 
for  the  choristers,  and  appointed  a 
Master  at  their  own  expense;  but  I 
am  not  yet  enabled  to  state  what 
course  of  education  has  been  adopted. 

Oxford.  At  the  Cathedral  of 
Christ  Church,  and  at  several  of  the 
Colleges,  very  judicious  arrangements 
have  been  made,  to  promote  the  ge¬ 
neral  respectability  and  welfare  of  the 
singing  boys:  their  education,  both 
musical  and  classical,  has  been  amply 
provided  for,  and  many  of  the  officia¬ 
ting  Clergy  in  the  Cathedral  and  Col¬ 
legiate  Choirs  throughout  England, 
were  trained  in  these  schools. 

Peterborough.  This  is  one  of 
the  Cathedrals  governed  by  the  Sta¬ 
tutes  of  Henry  Vlll.  The  Choristers 
are  admitted  into  the  King’s  Grammar 
School,  and  are  taught  Reading,  Wri¬ 
ting,  and  Arithmetic  by  the  Master, 
whoseduty  i t is  to  instruct  twenty  boys, 
of  whom  the  sixChoristersalwaysform 
a  part,  and  are  nominated  in  prefer¬ 
ence  to  other  candidates.  They  are 
instructed  in  singing  by  the  organist, 
for  which  purpose  they  attend  in  the 
Cathedral  three  times  every  week 
after  morning  service. 

These  particulars  were  most  obli- 
gingly  transmitted  to  me  some  time 
since,  from  unquestionable  authority  ; 
and  it  appears  that  the  boys  belong¬ 
ing  to  the  Choir  of  Peterborough 
so  recently  as  1816  were  among 
those  most  indebted  to  their  Rev. 
Guardians.  I  am  sorry  that  subse¬ 
quent  inquiries  should  have  thrown 
any  doubt  upon  this  statement,  so  ho¬ 
nourable  to  the  superior  members  of 
the  Cathedral ;  the  Dean  having  in¬ 
formed  me  in  answer  to  my  applica¬ 
tion  that  the  above  statement  is  not 
accurate,  but  at  the  same  time  declin¬ 
ing  to  make  any  communication  on 
the  subject  of  their  present  regula¬ 
tions. 

Rochester.  The  organist  is  ex¬ 
pected  to  give  the  Choristers  such  in¬ 
structions  in  vocal  music  as  may  enable 
them  to  sing  in  the  Cathedral  service; 
but,  unless  I  am  misinformed,  the 
Dean  and  Chapter  do  not  interfere  in 
any  other  part  of  their  education. 

Salisbury  is  one  of  the  Cathedrals 
on  the  old  foundation,  and  has  been 
Jong  celebrated  for  the  excellence  of 
its  Choral  service,  and  the  munificent 
provision  which  has  at  different  times 


been  made  for  the  various  members 
of  the  Cboir.  According  to  the  an¬ 
cient  statutes  of  the  Cathedral,  the  in¬ 
struction  of  the  boys  forms  a  part  of 
the  Precentor’s  duty,  and  the  Chan¬ 
cellor  of  the  Cathedral  is  required  to 
superintend  the  Grammar  Schools*. 
Though  some  of  these  statutes  are  no 
longer  in  force,  and  some  of  these 
endowments  are  diverted  from  their 
original  design,  the  Choristers  of  Sa¬ 
lisbury  still  enjoy  advantages  supe¬ 
rior  to  the  generality  of  their  bre¬ 
thren.  They  are  treated  with  much 
liberality,  are  admitted  into  the  Col¬ 
lege  School,  and  wear  the  collegiate 
dress.  The  course  of  education  in¬ 
cludes  Reading,  Writing,  Arithmetic, 
Latin,  and  Music.  The  boys  are 
characterised,  as  being  remarkable 
for  their  Musical  proficiency  and  cor¬ 
rect  deportment ;  and  the  patronage 
of  the  Chapter  has  usually  been  ex¬ 
tended  to  promote  their  future  respec¬ 
tability  in  life.  The  candidates  for 
admission  into  such  a  School  are  nu¬ 
merous,  and  in  addition  to  the  eight 
endowed  choristers,  there  are  usually 
four  probationers. 

Wells.  The  Choristers  are  six  in 
number,  and  nominated  by  the  Dean 
and  Chapter.  They  all  are  required  to 
attend  the  Choral  service  in  the  Cathe¬ 
dral  twice  every  day,  at  eleven  in  the 
morning,  aud  three  in  the  afternoon  ; 
and  are  educated  in  W riting,  Reading, 
and  Arithmetic  by  a  schoolmaster, 
upon  an  ancient  foundation.  Their 
proper  hours  of  study  are  from  7  to 
9  and  10  to  12  in  the  morning,  and 
from  2  to  5  in  the  afternoon,  of  course 
excluding  the  service  hours  ;  they  are 
taught  ftiusic  by  the  organist.  There 
is  no  exhibition  or  other  provision 
for  superannuated  choristers.  They 
have  often  settled  in  life  in  respect¬ 
able  trades,  and  some  have  arrived  at 
eminence  as  professional  gentlemen. 

Worcester.  There  are  ten  cho¬ 
risters  belonging  to  Worcester  Cathe¬ 
dral,  elected  by  the  Dean  and  Chapter, 
by  whom  they  are  liable  to  be  dis¬ 
placed  for  misconduct,  hut  not  by 
the  Dean  or  a  Residentiary  singly. 
Thev  do  not  belong  as  a  matter  of 
course  to  the  College  School,  but  by 
the  kindness  of  the  Dean  and  Chapter 


*  To  the  same  effect  are  the  Statutes 
of  Lichfield,  Lincoln,  and  most  other 
Cathedrals  of  Benedictine  Foundation. 
See  Wilkins’s  Concilia,  vol.  I.  pp.  328, 
534,  496,  741. 


they 


8  On  Cathedral  Schools. 

they  are  almost  invariably  admitted 
upon  the  Foundation,  and  form  a  part 
of  thefortyboys  calledKing’sScholars. 
In  addition  to  Latin,  they  are  taught 
•writing  and  arithmetic,  but  neither 
the  two  latter,  nor  Greek,  are  required 
by  the  statutes.  There  are  two  mas¬ 
ters  belonging  to  the  College  School, 
namely,  a  head  master  and  an  under 
master,  who  are  elected  by  the  Dean 
and  Chapter.  The  Choristers  are  in¬ 
structed  in  music  by  the  organist;  and 
there  are  few  Cathedrals  in  the  United 
Kingdom  which  can  boast  a  greater 
number  of  distinguished  names  among 
those  who  received  the  rudiments  of 
their  musical  education  under  the  su¬ 
perintending  care  of  the  Dean  and 
Chapter. 

York.  There  are  eight  Choristers 
belonging  to  York  Minster,  who  are 
chosen  by  the  organist,  and  prepared 
by  him  for  the  service  of  the  Choir. 
The  Dean  and  Chapter  have  provided 
for  their  gratuitous  instruction  at  the 
Grammar  School,  inReading,  Writing, 
Arithmetic,  and  Latin. 

From  Lincoln,  Norwich,  and  Win¬ 
chester,  1  have  not  yet  been  favoured 
with  a  reply ;  but  I  understand  the 
Choristers  belonging  to  these  Cathe¬ 
drals  do  not  enjoy  the  benefit  of  a 
classical  education. 

In  my  future  communications  on 
the  subject,  I  shall  be  most  happy  in 
an  opportunity  to  supply  any  omission, 
or  to  correct  any  inaccuracy ;  and 
through  your  pages  I  beg  to  repeat 
my  thanks  for  the  liberality  and 
courtesy  which  have  hitherto  in  most 
instances  attended  my  inquiries.  M.H. 

Mr.  Urban,  July  8. 

WHOEVER  might  be  Junius,  it 
is  absolutely  impossible  for 
him  to  be  amongst  the  living:  for  if 
the  various  provoking  surmises  which, 
year  after  year,  have  tantalized  the 
publick,  had  not  been  sufficient  to 
arouse  him,  I  cannot  believe  that  hu¬ 
man  nature  could  withstand  the  goad¬ 
ing  of  Mrs.  Olivia  Wilmot  Serres.  In 
the  name  of  wonder,  why  hear  we  so 
much  of  argument  and"  conjecture, 
when  a  plain  tale  would  set  the  mat¬ 
ter  at  rest  for  ever?  Dr.  Wilmot’s 
Life  has  been  published  by  M  rs.  Serres, 
and  a  fac-simile  of  his  hand  writing, 
which  varied,  it  seems,  as  he  advanced 
in  years,  and  therefore  proves  that  he 
must  have  been  Junius!  Dr.  Wilmot 
was  not  a  married  man,  and  therefore 
could  not  but  express  himself  in  cha- 


— Letters  of  Junius.  [July? 

racter,  whilst  writing  professedly  in 
disguise  !  What  want  we  further,  to 
convince  us  that  Dr.  Wilmot  must 
have  been  Junius?  Dr.  Wilmot  de¬ 
sired  that  all  his  papers  might  be 
burnt,  in  order  that  no  vestige  might 
afterwards  betray  his  secret.  Yet 
this  very  secret  he  is  reported  to  have 
revealed,  and  in  writing  ;  and  to  Mrs. 
Olivia  Wilmot  Serres!  Such  at  least 
was  the  account  of  her  late  friend  the 

Earl  of  W - :  who  has  been  heard 

to  declare,  that  he  had  seen  a  letter 
attributed  to  Dr.  Wilmot  by  his  niece, 
which  letter  was  not  to  have  been 
opened,  for  I  know  not  how  many 
years  after  his  (Dr.  Wilmot’s)  death  ; 
but  it  so  fell  out,  that  Mrs.  Serres  did 
open  the  letter,  and  that  the  hand  and 
character  of  writing  bore  a  strong 
resemblance  to  that  of  one  of  the  fac 
similes  in  the  life  of  Dr.  Wilmot  (not 
very  unlike  the  writing  of  Mrs.  Serres 
herself,  allowing  for  the  difference 
between  an  old  gentleman’s  and  a 
young  lady’s  hand  with  regard  to 
steadiness),  and  must  therefore  be 
taken  for  an  incontrovertible  proof  of 
the  identity  of  the  Author  of  Junius! 

Locke,  or  somebody,  recommends 
us  not  to  speculate  in  complex  causes, 
but  to  be  content  with  one  reason 
where  one  is  sufficient.  Johnson  ad¬ 
mirably  said,  that  if  I  he  original  poems 
of  Ossian  existed,  the  production  of 
them  was  all  that  could  be  necessary 
to  establish  what  Macpherson  desired 
the  world  to  believe  upon  his  own  ac¬ 
count.  Why  not  produce  them  ?  They 
never  existed;  and  therefore  he  could 
not  produce  them. 

If  Dr.  Wilmot  wrote  such  a  letter, 
why  not  produce  it  at  once?  If  he 
did  not,  why  puzzle  the  world  with 
renigmas,  and  expose  the  memory  of 
a  noble  friend  to  the  imputation  of 
having  been  unworthy  of  credit? 

All  the  deuiai  of  Sir  Philip  Francis, 
all  the  railing  about  Woodfall,  and  all 
the  abuse  of  Dr.  Butler,  and  all  the 
severity  and  sarcasm  upon  revereud 
and  irreverend  writers,  who  presume 
to  think  differently  (no,  perhaps  not) 
— to  ascribe  the  letters  of  Junius  to  a 
different  hand  from  that  which  Mrs. 
Serres  is  pleased  to  amuse  herself  with 
supposing  to  have  produced  those  let¬ 
ters,  might  be  spared;  and  in  pity 
to  the  dead  as  well  as  the  living,  I 
trust,  that  Mrs.  Serres’s  next  publica¬ 
tion  will  contain  the  proof  positive 
and  particular  above  alluded  to. 

Yours,  &c.  W.  Brandish. 

Mr. 


9 


Description  of  Iffley  Church ,  Oxon. 


1813.] 

Mr.  Urban,  July  1. 

HE  accompanying  Drawing,  a 
View  of  Iffley  Church,  Oxon, 
will,  it  is  presumed,  be  acceptable 
to  many  of  your  very  numerous 
readers,  being  a  correct  representa¬ 
tion  of  that  antient  structure.  (See 
the  Frontispiece  to  this  V olume. ) 

Iffley  is  a  tillage  delightfully  situ¬ 
ated  on  a  gentle  declivity,  skirted  on 
its  Western  slope  by  the  river  Thames, 
nearly  two  miles  distant  from  Oxford, 
which  appears  in  great  beauty  from 
this  sequestered  spot,  rising  majesti¬ 
cally  from  the  valley  environed  with 
its  classic  groves,  and  washed  by  the 
“  verdant  Isis,”  as  this 

- most  lov’d  of  all  the  Ocean’s  Sons 

By  his  old  Sire,” 

is  here  called.  From  the  celebrated 
walk  of  Christ  Church  Meadow,  from 
the  banks  of  the  river,  and  other  situ¬ 
ations,  Iffley  is  viewed  as  a  striking 
feature  in  .he  surrounding  landscape, 
its  venerable  Church  forming  a  chief 
object,  and  inviting  the  attention  of 
the  Topographer  and  Antiquary,  whose 
examination  it  will  amply  repay.  The 
date  of  its  erection  is  not  correctly 
ascertained  :  its  aera  is  Saxon  in  every 
part;  but  innovation,  as  mischievous¬ 
ly  busy  in  antient  as  in  modern  times, 
has  been  early  at  work  on  the  subject 
before  us.  The  West  end  is  the  most 
curious  part  of  the  exterior;  but  even 
here  the  Circular  window  in  the  cen¬ 
tral  story  has  been  altered  to  a  Pointed 
one,  for  no  conceivable  motive,  as 
the  light  admitted  by  both  must  be 
nearly  equal  :  a  more  lamentable  and 
barbarous  interference  is  apparent  in 
the  upper  division,  where  the  two 


outer  arches  have  been  cut  down,  and 
the  windows  walled  up  to  suit  a  lower 
roof  than  the  original,  which  most 
probably  was  considerably  higher,  as 
the  marks  yet  remaining  on  the  Wes¬ 
tern  face  of  the  tower  indicate.  Be¬ 
sides  the  Western,  there  are  two  other 
doorways  on  the  North  and  South 
sides  respectively :  each  of  these  are  of 
elegant  proportions,  and  highly  deco¬ 
rated  ;  the  latter,  in  particular,  is  very 
remarkable.  A  Saxon  window  also 
remains  untouched  near  each  en¬ 
trance  :  all  the  other  windows,  how¬ 
ever,  throughout  the  Church,  except¬ 
ing  a  very  small  one  at  the  East  end, 
have  been  destroyed  for  the  admission 
of  Pointed  ones,  possessing  no  other 
claim  to  notice.  The  Tower  remains 
uutouched,  and  stands  in  the  middle 
of  the  structure:  its  four  sides,  though 
uniform  in  general  outline,  present 
some  subordinate  variations ;  the  win¬ 
dows  on  its  Southern  side  are  more 
decorated  than  the  others ;  at  the 
North-west  angle  is  a  projection,  con¬ 
taining  stairs  to  the  top.  Internally 
the  Tower  is  supported  by  two  very 
fine  arches  of  large  dimensions,  and 
richly  ornamented  ;  East  of  which  is 
the  chancel,  with  one  division  of  the 
original  roof  remaining  ;  the  remain¬ 
der  of  the  chancel  has  a  roof  of  the 
early  Pointed  style,  and  contains  some 
stalls  of  the  same  architecture.  Part  of 
an  antient  stone  pulpit  is  remaining  in 
the  Church, and  mostof  theornaments, 
&c.  of  the  Saxou  windows  which  have 
been  destroyed.  The  font  is  coeval 
with  the  Church  :  it  is  of  square  form 
and  large  size,  supported  at  the  angles 
with  columns,  three  of  which  are 
spirally  ornamented.  X. 


COMPENDIUM  OF  COUNTY  HISTORY. 

MIDDLE  SEX,  continued. 

MISCELLANEOUS  REMARKS,  continued  from  Part  I.  p.  590. 

Edgware  was  the  curacy  of  Francis  Coventry,  author  of  “  Pompey  the 
Little.” 

Edmonton  was  the  vicarage  of  Dr.  Henry  Owen,  author  of  u  Critica 
Sacra.”  Here  were  buried  William  Newbury,  hostler,  whose  curious  epi¬ 
taph  is  preserved  in  Lysons’s  Environs,  1695;  Thomas  Gill,  physician,  1714; 
Charles  Molloy,  dramatist,  1767;  James  Barclay,  poet,  whose  father,  au¬ 
thor  of  ihe  Dictionary,  wa9.curate  here  1771;  James  Vere,  benefactor  and  au¬ 
thor,  1779. — In  Southgate  chapel  is  the  monument  of  its  founder,  Sir  John 
Weld,  1622.-— Residents:  At  Pymmes,  Cecil  Lord  Burleigh.  At  Mr. 
Currie’s  hou^e,  Sir  Hugh  Middleton.  At  Bush-hill,  the  Regicide  Pre¬ 
sident  Bradshaw.  At  the  Reclory-ht>use,  Abp.  Tillotson.— In  Bush-hill 
house  is  the  fine  piece  of  carving,  the  stoning  of  St.  Stephen,  by  Grinling 
Gent.  Mag.  July,  1818.  Gibbons, 

2 


10 


Compendium  of  the  History  of  Middlesex.  — '  [July, 

Gibbons,  the  merit  of  which  caused  the  artist’s  introduction  by  Evelyn  to 
Charies  II. — The  two  plays  of  “  The  Witch’’  and  “  Merry  Devil”  are  noticed 
in  the  Biography,  Part  I.  p.  586. — The  Bell*inu  has  acquired  much  celebrity 
from  C"wper’s  Tale  of  John  Gilpin. 

Enfield  was  the  residence  of  Edward  VI.  and  Elizabeth  in  their  childhood. 
Edward  kept  his  court  here  immediately  after  his  accession,  and  Elizabeth 
frequently  visited  it  when  Queen. — At  Elsynge-bail  resided  the  patron  of  Cax- 
ton,  Tiptoft,  Earl  of  Worcester,  Lord  High  Treasurer,  whose  mother 
Joyce  died  here  in  1440,  and  is  buried  under  a  stately  monument  in  the 
church  ;  Sir  Thomas  Lovel,  K.  G.  Treasurer  of  the  Household,  who  died  here 
1524;  and  Philip  Herbert,  Earl  of  Pembroke,  who  condescended  to  accept 
a  seat  in  Cromwell’s  House  of  Commons.  East  Lodge  was  a  hunting-seat  of 
Charles  I.,  and  the  residence  of  Lord  Chancellor  Loughborough.  West 
Lodge,  of  Henry  Coventry,  Secretary  of  State  to  Charles  II.  South  Lodge,, 
of  Pitt,  Earl  of  Chatham. — Other  eminent  inhabitants  were  Edmund 
Calamy,  nonconformist,  who  died  here  1666;  George  Wharton,  astrologer, 
died  heie  1681  ;  Dr.  Robert  Uvedale,  botanist,  in  honour  of  whom  the  plant 
Uvedaliu  is  so  untried,  buried  here  1722;  Sir  Richard  Jebb,  physician;  Ri¬ 
chard  Gough,  author  of  “  Sepulchral  Monuments,”  and  editor  of  “  Camden,” 
died  here  1809  ;  and  William  Saunders,  physician,  died  here  1817. — By  En¬ 
field  Wash  stands  the  cottage  to  which  Elizabeth  Canning  swore  that  she  waa 
convened  by  two  men  in  January  1753,  and,  having  been  robbed  by  Mary 
Squires  a  g)  psey,  after  a  confinement  of  a  month,  escaped  out  of  the  window. 
On  this  evidence  Squires  was  sentenced  to  death  ;  and  Susanna  Wells,  the  oc¬ 
cupier  of  the  cottage,  to  imprisonment;  hut  through  the  exertions  of  Sir 
Crisp  Gascoigne,  Lord  Mayor,  Canning  was  convicted  of  perjury,  and  trans¬ 
ported  for  seven  years;  whilst  Squires  and  Wells  were  discharged.  This 
affair  excited  the  greatest  interest;  and  Lysons  has  enumerated  36  pamphlets 
and  14  prints  published  on  the  occasion;  the  respective  parties  being  termed 
Canningites  and  Egyptians. — Here  were  buried  William,  Robert,  and  Mar¬ 
garet  Deane,  the  first  persons  executed  under  the  Coventry  act,  1667  ;  John 
Truss,  aged  112,  1723  ;  and  Susanna  Wells,  above  mentioned,  1763. 

At  Feltham  was  buried  William  Wynne  Rvland,  engraver,  executed  for 
forgery,  1783. 

Finchley  was  the  rectory  of  John  de  Feckenham,  last  abbot  of  West¬ 
minster;  William  Coton,  Bp.  of  Exeter;  John  Bancroft,  Bp.  of  Oxford;  and 
John  Barkham,  real  author  of  “  Guillim’s  Heraldry.” — Here  were  buried 
Sir  Thomas  Frowick,  Chief  Justice,  1506;  Charles  Lilly,  perfumer,  noticed 
in  the  Taller,  Nos.  92,  94,  101,  103,  and  250,  in  the  Spectator,  Nos.  16  and 
358,  and  Guardian,  No.  64,  1746;  Anne  Maynard,  aged  1  12,  1756,  and  “  honest 
Tom  Payne,”  one  of  the  most  eminent  booksellers  of  this  Country,  1799. — 
The  March  of  the  Guards  towards  Scotland  in  1745,  and  their  halt  at  this  place* 
is  the  subject  of  Hogarth’s  most  celebrated  painting. 

Friarn  Barnet  was  the  residence  of  Chief  Justice  Sir  John  Pophanu 

Fulham  was  the  rectory  of  Richard  Hili,  Bp.  of  London ;  Henry  King,  Bp.  of 
Chichester;  Thomas  Howell,  Bp.  of  Bristol;  and  Michael  Lort,  antiquary.  The 
vicarage  of  Adoniram  Byfield,  celebrated  by  Butler;  and  Dennison  Cumber¬ 
land, Bp. of  Kilmore. — In  thechurch  are  monuments  ofSir  William  Butts, phy¬ 
sician  to  Henry  VIII.,  celebrated  by  Shakspeare,  1545;  Sir  Thomas  Smith, 
Statesman  and  scholar,  1 609 ;  John  Viscount  Mordaunt  (by  Bushnei  and  Bird, 
cost  £. 400.)  1675;  Humphrey  Henchman,  Bp.  of  London,  1675;  Dorothy  Lady 
Clarke,  (by  Grinling  Gibbons,  cost  ;£.300.)  1695;  and  a  cenotaph  for  Beilby 
Porteus,  Bp.  of  London,  1809.  In  the  church-yard  are  tombs  of  the  Bishops 
of  London,  Henry  Compton,  1713;  John  Robinson  1723  ;  Edmund  Gibson- 
(who  has  a  cenotaph  in  the  church)  1748 ;  Thomas  Sherlock,  1761;  Thomas 
Hay  ter,  1762;  Richard  Terrick,  1777  ;  Robert  Lowth,  1787;  and  John 
Randolph,  1813.  In  Fulham  were  also  buried,  Sir  Sampson  Norton,  master 
of  the  ordnance  to  Henry  VIII.  1517;  John  Tamworth,  statesman,  1569; 
John  Florio,  translator  of  Montaigne,  1625  ;  Sir  Francis  Child,  Lord  Mayor 
in  1699,  1713  ;  Richard  Fiddes,  biographer  of  Wolsey,  1725;  Jeffery  Ekins, 
Dean  of  Carlisle,  translator  of  Apollonius  Rhodius,  1741  ;  Christopher 
Wilson,  Bp.  of  Bristol,  1792;  William  Cadogan,  physician,  1797  ;  and  Gran- 
viiie  Sharp,  philanthropist  and  scholar,  1813. — Olher  eminent  inhabitants  : 

Si  a 


18  IS.]  Compendium  of  the  History  of  Middlesex.  1 1 

Sir  Thomas  Bodley:  Ghief  Justices  Sir  John  Vaughan  and  Sir  Edward 
Saunders,:  Admiral  Sir  Charles  Wager :  Charles  Mordaunt,  Earl  #*f  Peter¬ 
borough,  and  hrs  second  wile  Mrs.  Anastasia  Robinson,  an  Opera  singer; 
George  Hickman,  Bp.  of  Londonderry,  who  died  here  1713  ;  the  topo¬ 
grapher  Norden  ;  the  (©median  F  <ote  ;  the  naturalist  Cateshy ;  the  en* 
graver  Barlolozzi;  and  the  novelist  Richardson,  who  wrote  hi*  “Clarissa 
Harlow,  *  and  44  Sir  Charles  Grandison,”  at  Ins  house  at  North  end,  whence 
he  removed  to  Parsons  Green  (both  in  this  parish)  where  Thomas  Edwards, 
author  of  “  Canons  of  Criticism,”  on  a  visit  to  him,  died  1757. — Fuihatn 
palace  contains  some  finely  painted  glass,  and  numerous  portraits  of  its  pre¬ 
lates.  In  it  died  Walter  de  Grey,  Abp.  of  York,  1255;  and  of  the  Bishops 
of  London,  Richard  de  Gravesend,  13Q3;  John  Aylmer,  1594?  Compton; 
Robinson;  and  Lowth.  A  large  chair  in  the  shrubbery,  in  wnich  the  fero¬ 
cious  Bonner  us<jd  to  sit  in  judgment,  is  the  subject  of  a  pleasing  little  poem 
by  Mrs.  Hannah  More. 

Greenford  Magna  was  the  rectory  of  John  de  Feckeuham,  last  Abboi 
of  Westminster;  and  Edward  Terry,  Eastern  traveller,  buried  here  1660. 

In  Greenford  Parva,  or  Perivale,  was  buried  Philip  Fletcher,  Dean  of 
Kildare,  poet,  1765. 

fn  Hackney  were  buried  Christopher  Urswick,  its  rector,  Dean  of  Windsor, 
statesman,  1521;  Henry  Percy,  Earl  of  Nor thumberland,  K.  G.  who  arrested 
Cardinal  Wolsey,  1537;  Edward  de  Vere,  Earl  of  Oxford,  K.  G.  warrior  and 
poet,  1604  ;  David  Doulben,  its  vicar,  Bp.  of  Bangor,  1633;  Owen  Rowe, 
frOgscide,  and  Susanna  Perwick,  musician,  1661  ;  William  Spurstowe,  its 
vicar,  one  of  the  authors  of  “  Smectymnuus,”  1666;  John  Worthington5 
its  lecturer,  editor  of  Mede’s  works,  167 1 5  Timothy  Hall,  Bp.  of  Oxford^ 
1690;  Willi  un  Bates,  nonconformist,  author  of  “  Harmony  of  the  A  (tributes,’* 
1699;  Robert  Fleming,  nonconformist,  author  of  “  Christology,”  1716; 
Peter  Newcome,  its  vicar,  author  of  Catechetical  sermons,  1738;  Richard 
Newcome,  Bp.  of  St.  Asaph,  1769;  and  Francis  Xavier  de  Oliveyra,  pro- 
testant  proselyte  and  author,  1783. — 01  this  church  also  was  rector,  Richard 
Sampson,  Bp.  of  Lichfield  and  Coventry;  Vicars,  Gilbert  Sheldon,  Abp.  of 
Canterbury,  aild  Caiybute  Downing,  Parliamentarian  divine,  who  died  here 
1644:  Lecturer,  John  Strype,  antiquary,  who  died  here  1737.— -Of  the  old 
Dissenting  meeting-house  were  pastors,  Philip  Nye,  and  Adoniram  Byfield 
of  Hudibrastic  celebrity;  Dr.  William  Bates,  before  mentioned;  and  Dr. 
Matthew  Henry,  biblical  commentator.  Of  the  New  or  Gravel  pit  meeting 
Dr.  Richard  Price,  the  calculator,  who  died  here  1791;  and  Dr.  Joseph 
Pries!  ley,  who,  previously  to  his  departure  for  America,  preached  his  farewell 
sermon  nere,  March  30,  1794.— Here  in  1637,  Thomas  Fairfax,  afterwards 
the  famous  Parliamentarian  General,  was  married  to  Anne  daughter  of  Lord 
;[e  T"*^ere  were  educated  Catharine  Phillips,  generally  known  as  “Orinda,” 
and  the  brother  dramatists  Benjamin  and  John  Hoadly.— Other  inhabitants- 
Cecilia  the  learned  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  More,  wife  of  Giles  Heron  of 
Shackle  well,  Esq.;  Offspring  Blackall,  Bp.  of  Exeter;  Thomas  Wood,  Bp. 
n  ,.,cn"eld  and  Coventry,  founder  of  Hackney  alms-houses;  Lord  Brooke, 
Par  lamenfarian  general,  slain  at  Lichfield;  Sir  Julius  Cssar,  Master  of  the 
Rolls;  Colonel  Okey,  regicide;  Sir  Thomas  Vyner,  Lord  Mayor,  the  first 
Amgnt  made  alter  the  Restoration,  who  died  here  1665;  Daniel  De  Foe 
author  of  “  Robinson  Crusoe;”  Dr.  Bernard  Mandeville,  author  of  “The 

fal bf,e ,°Kf  l£e  Bees’”  twho  died  here  H33;  and  John  Ward,  the  usurer,  cele¬ 
brated  by  Pope,  in  the  quaternion, 

“  To  Ward,  to  Waters.  Chartres,  and  the  Devil.** 

At  Hadley  were  buried  iis  native  Sir  William  Stamford,  Judge,  1558; 

cost^ffo 1  lTi'firaThHhT1,MMaSter0f  Reflue8,s  (monument  by  Nicholas  Stone, 
I™  ,  16  J?, 5  J°hn  M1°,1,1ro»  Physician,  eminent  in  cases  of  insanity,  1792; 
Mrs.  Hester  Chapone,  belles-lettres  writer,  1801;  ReV.  David  Garrow 

e  ^resent.  Baron  fhe  Exchequer  (monument  by  Bacon)  1805.— 
ohn  Booker,  astrologer,  was  a  writing-master  here.— An  iron  beacon  still 
remains  on  Ihe  top  of  the  church-tower. 

|  JOmmersmith  chapel  is  a  bronze  bust  of  Charles  I.  under  which,  in  a 

ventln  .7”  18  th.e  hejart  °/  tbe  lo)al  donor,  Sir  Nicholas  Crisne;  who  in- 
ented  the  present  mode  of  making  bricks,  which  were  first  used  in  building 

Bran- 


12 


Compendium  of  the  History  of  Middlesex.  [July, 

Brandenburg  house. — Here  were  buried  Sir  Samuel  Morland,  mechanic,  in¬ 
ventor  of  the  Speaking-trumpet,  1696;  William  Lloyd,  the  deprived  Bp.  of 
Norwich,  1708;  William  Sheridan,  Bp.  of  Kilmore,  1711;  Sir  Philip  Me- 
dows,  diplomatist,  1718;  George  Bubb  Doddington,  Lord  Melcombe,  com¬ 
plimented  by  Youug  and  Thomson,  1762  ;  Thomas  Worlidge,  artist,  1766; 
Hon.  James  Robert  Talbot,  Roman  Catholic  Bp.  of  Birtha,  1790;  Arthur 
Murphy,  dramatist,  1805;  and  Sir  Elijah  Impey,  Chief  Justice  at  Calcutta, 
.  Inhabitants:  Alice  Periers,  “  Lady  of  the  Sun,”  the  beautiful  favour¬ 
ite  of  Edward  111.;  Margaret  Hughes,  actress,  mistress  of  Prince  Rupert; 
Katharine  dowager  Queen  of  Charles  II. ;  Sir  LeoJine  Jenkins,  civilian,  who 
died  here  1685  ;  the  physicians,  Dr.  RadclifFe,  founder  of  the  Radclifi’e  library, 
and  Sir  Clifton  Wintringham,  who  died  here  1704:  the  late  Margrave  of  Bran- 
denburgh  Anspach  :  James  Elphinstone,  author  on  philology,  who  died  here 
1809:  Philip  James  de  Loutherbourg,  painter,  who  died  here  1812.' — At  the 
Dove  Coft’ee-house,  Thomson  composed  the  greater  part  of  his  “  Wiuter.” 
— Here  is  a  convent  of  English  Benedictine  N uns. 

In  Hampstead  were  buried  Armigel  Waad,  voyager,  1568;  Thomas  Jevon 
and  Christopher  Bullock,  comedians  and  dramatists,  1688  and  1722;  George 
Sewell,  poet  and  physician,  1726  ;  James  Pitt,  political  writer,  the  “  Mother 
Osborne”  of  Pope,  1763  ;  William  Popple,  dramatist,  1764  ;  James  Mac 
Ardell  and  Charles  Spooner,  mezzotinlo  engravers,  1765  and  1767;  Anthony 
Askew,  bibliographer  and  physician,  1774;  James  Pettit  Andrews,  historian, 
1797  ;  Frances,  wife  of  the  present  Lord  Erskine  (monument  by  Bacon)  1809; 
and  Dorothea,  the  mother  of  Miss  Joanna  Baillie,  dramatist  of  the  Pas¬ 
sions,  who  resides  at  Hampstead. — Branch  hill  Lodge  was  the  seat  of  Lord 
Chancellor  Macclesfield;  Rossi)  n  house,  of  Lord  Chancellor  Loughborough  ; 
and  at  Hampstead  heath,  the  seat  of  Lord  Chancellor  Erskine. — At  the  Upper 
Flask  inn  were  held  the  summer  meetings  of  the  Kit  Cat  club ;  this  house  after¬ 
wards  became  the  seat  of  George  Steevens,  whose  fourth  edition  of  Shake¬ 
speare  was  revised  here,  and  who  died  here  1800. — At  Chicken-house  in 
early  life  lodged  Murray,  afterwards  Lord  Chief  Justice  M  ansfield  ;  and  in 
it  died  Samuel  Gale,  antiquary,  1754. — At  Frognall  lodged  together  the  fa¬ 
mous  actors,  Booth,  Wilkes,  and  Cibber. — On  Haverstock  hill  was  the  resi¬ 
dence  of  Sir  Charles  Sedley,  wit  and  poet,  who  died  there  1721  ;  and  the  same 
hpuse  was  occupied  in  1712  by  Sir  Richard  Steele — At  Belsize  house,  once  a 
celebrated  place  of  entertainment, resided  the  late  universally  lamented  premier, 
the  Rt.  Hon.  Spencer  Perceval.  In  Hampstead  resided  Sir  Henry  Vane,  fana¬ 
tic  and  republican,  who  was  here  seized  and  conveyed  to  the  Tower,  and  in 
the  same  house,  Joseph  Butler,  Bp.  of  Durham,  author  of  the  “  Analogy ;” 
John  Wylde,  Lord  Chief  Baron,  who  died  here  1697;  Dean  Sherlock,  au¬ 
thor  on  Death,  who  died  here  1707  ;  Thomas  Rowe,  biographer,  (husband 
of  the  pious  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Rowe)  who  died  here  1715;  Arthur  Mayn- 
waring,  author  of  the  Medley;  Gay  and  Arbuthnot,  who  had  lodgings  here 
for  the  benefit  of  their  health:  Akenside,  who  practised  as  a  physician 
here;  and  Dr.  Johnson,  who  lodged  herein  1748,  and  here  composed  his 
“  Imitation  of  the  10th  Satire  of  Juvenal.”— “  Hampstead  heath”  is  the  title 
of  a  comedy  by  Thomas  Baker. 

Hampton  was  the  vicarage  of  Samuel  Croxall,  author  of  the  “  Fair  Cir¬ 
cassian,”  and  editor  of  JEsop’s  Fables. — Here  were  buried  Thomas  Ripley, 
architect,  1758  ;  John  Beard,  vocal  performer,  1791;  and  Richard  Tickeli, 
political  writer,  author  of  “  Anticipation,”  1793.  Near  Hampton  was  the 
seat  of  Edward  Lovibond,  poet,  author  of  “  Tears  of  Old  May  day,”  who 
died  here  1775.  At  Hampton  Wick  resided  Sir  Richard  Steele;  at  Bushy 
park  the  premier,  Lord  North;  at  Hampton  house  David  Garrick,  who 
erected  here  a  temple,  with  a  statue  by  Roubiliac,  in  honour  of  Shakspeare. 
- Hampton  Court,  the  largest  of  the  Royal  palaces,  was  built  by  Car¬ 
dinal  Wolsey,  who,  in  1527,  gave  a  most  superb  entertainment  to  the  French 
ambassadors  here :  he  presented  it  to  Henry  VIII.  since  which  time  it  has 
been  the  occasional  residence  of  all  our  Sovereigns  excepting  his  present  Ma¬ 
jesty.  Nov.  IS,  1657,  Cromwell’s  daughter  Elizabeth  was  here  married  to 
Lord  Falconberg;  and  Aug.  6,  1658,  his  favourite  daughter  Mrs.  Claypole 
died  here.  The  Eastern  front  330  feet  long,  and  the  Southern  328,  were 
added  by  William  III.  Architect  Sir  Christopher  Wren,  who  passed  the  latter 

part 

( 


13 


1818.]  Compendium  of  the  History  of  Middlesex. 

f 

part  of  his  life  at  Hampton  Court  Green.  It  was  recently  the  asylum  of  the 
present  King  of  the  Netherlands.  Among  its  numerous  paintings,  one  room 
contains  the  portraits  of  1 8  celebrated  admirals ;  another,  “  the  Beauty  room,” 
of  Mary  II.  and  8  ladies  of  her  court,  by  Kneller  ;  and  a  third,  constructed 
for  the  purpose,  holds  the  pictorial  boast  of  Britain,  Raffael’s  seven  cartoons, 
of  which  two  have  been  exquisitely  engraved  by  Holloway. 

Hanwell  was  the  rectory  of  Rowland  Stedman,  nonconformist,  and 
George  Heury  Glasse,  Greek  scholar.  Here  was  buried  Jonas  Hanway, 
philanthropist,  1786. 

Han  wo  Rth  was  the  rectory  of  Adam  de  Brom,  founder  of  Oriel  College, 
Oxford.  Here  was  a  small  but  favourite  palace  of  Henry  VIII.,  in  which 
his  widow  Catharine  Parr  and  her  third  husband.  Sir  Thomas  Seymour  Lord 
Admiral,  with  their  ward  Elizabeth,  afterwards  Queen,  frequently  resided. 
It  subsequently  was  the  seat  of  Francis  Lord  Cottington  of  this  place. 

Harefield  Place,  lately  pulled  down,  was  the  residence  of  Lord  Chief 
Justice  Sir  Edward  Anderson;  Lord  Keeper  Egerton,  Viscount  Brackley,  and 
his  wife  Alice  Countess  of  Derby,  who  was  complimented  by  Harrington  in  a 
poem  on  her  marriage,  by  Spenser  under  the  name  of  Amaryllis,  and  by 
Milton,  whose  mavque  of  “  Arcades”  was  first  performed  here  before  her  in 
1633.  She  was  buried  in  the  church  under  a  splendid  monument  in  1637. 
in  this  house  also  resided  the  loyal  George  Lord  Chandos,  to  whom  the  cele¬ 
brated  divine  Dr.  John  Conant  (of  whom  it  was  said  “  Conanti  nihil  difficile”) 
was  domestic  chaplain.  It  afterwards  became  the  property  of  the  Newdi- 
gates,  who  have  splendid  monuments  in  the  church,  among  which  are  those 
of  Sir  Richard,  Lord  Chief  Justice,  1678  ;  Mary,  wife  of  his  son  Sir  Richard, 
the  second  Baronet  (by  Grinling  Gibbons)  1692;  and  Sir  Roger,  the  last  Ba¬ 
ronet,  founder  of  the  Newdigate  prize,  Oxford,  1806.  In  the  church  was  also 
buried  its  former  curate  John  Prickett,  Bishop  of  Gloucester,  1680. 

Harlington  was  the  rectory  of  John  Kyte,  Bishop  of  Carlisle;  and  Joseph 
Trapp,  translator  of  Virgil,  buried  here  (epitaph  by  himself)  1747.  Dawley 
house  was  the  favourite  retirementof  Henry  St.  John,  Viscount  Boiingbroke. 

Harrow  was  an  antient  occasional  residence  of  the  Archbishops  of  Canter* 
bury.  It  was  (be  rectory  of  Cuthbert  Tonstall,  Bishop  of  Durham ;  and  of  Wil¬ 
liam  Bolton,  the  last  Prior  of  St.  Bartholomew’s,  Smithfield.  The  present  vicar 
is  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Cunningham,  puthor  of  that  extremely  pleasing  tale,  “  The 
Velvet  Cushion.”  Here  were  buried  John  Lyon,  yeoman,  founder  of  its 
school,  1592  ;  Sir  Arthur  Atye,  public  orator  at  Oxford,  secretary  to  the 
Earl  of  Esse^,  1604;  Sir  Samuel  Garth,  poet  and  physician,  1719;  the  three 
head  masters  of  its  school,  Thomas  Brian,  1730;  Thomas  Thackeray,  1760; 
and  Robert  Sumner  (epitaph  by  Dr.  Parr,  who  was  born  at  Harrow,  1747) 
1771.  Here  were  educated  William  Baxter,  author  of  “  Glossarium  Antiqui- 
tatum;”  Sir  William  Jones  ;  the  late  Mr.  Perceval,  and  Mr.  Sheridan; 
with  the  present  Bishop  of  Cloyne,  Dr.  Parr,  Marquis  Hastings,  Earls  Spencer 
and  Aberdeen,  Lord  Byron,  the  Right  Honourable  Robert  Peel,  and  the 
Honourable  William  Spencer. 

Hayes  was  an  antient  occasional  residence  of  the  Archbishops  of  Canterbury ; 
the  rectory  of  Robert  Wright,  Bishop  of  Lichfield  and  Coventry;  and  Patrick 
Young,  Greek  scholar,  translator  of  Clement:  the  vicarage  of  Henry  Gold, 
an  accomplice  of  Elizabeth  Barton,  “  the  holy  maid  of  Kent,”  executed  with 
her  1534.  (To  be  concluded  in  our  next.)  Byro. 


Remarks  on  the  Signs  of  Inns,  fyc. 

(  Continued  from  Part  /.  p.  593.) 

.  '  t 

r|PHE  Cross.  Many  beautiful  spe¬ 
ll  cimens  of  the  architectural  skill 
and  piety  of  our  ancestors,  in  the 
Crosses  which  were  the  usual  orna¬ 
ments  of  market-places  and  church¬ 
yards,  fell  a  sacrifice  to  the  fanatical 
zeal  of  the  Parliamentarians  in  the 
time  of  the  unhappy  Charles;  but 


gome  few  still  remain,  and  views 
of  them  are  occasionally  exhibited 
on  the  sign-boards  of  houses  in  the 
towns  where  they  are  situate,  whilst 
the  recollection  of  others,  once  of 
conspicuous  beauty,  as  of  the  Cross 
at  Coventry,  is  recalled  to  the  mind 
by  the  representation  on  the  sign¬ 
board,  which  has  outlived  the  original. 

On  the  death  of  Eleanor,  the  ami¬ 
able  wife  of  Edward  I.  and 


daughter 


14 


Remarks  on  the  Signs  of  Inns,  Sic. 


r>f  Ferdinand  III.  King-  of  Castile  and 
Leon,  which  happened  at  Hardeby  in 
Lincolnshire,  Nov.  28,  1291,  her  body, 
by  order  of  Edward,  wa>*  removed  to 
Westminster;  and  in  testimony  of  the 
tender  affection  which  he  felt  and  she 
so  justly  merited,  he  erected  at  every 
place  where  the  corpse  rested  on  its 
journey,  an  elegant  cross,  adorned 
with  the  statue  and  arms  of  the  de¬ 
ceased.  Three  of  these  beautiful  and 
affectionate  memorials  still  remain, 
one  at  Geddinglon  in  Northampton¬ 
shire;  one  called  Queen's  Cross,  near 
Northampton  ;  and  one  situate  in 
Hertfordshire,  but  near  to  the  town 
of  Waltham  in  Essex.  The  last  place 
where  the  body  was  deposited  prior 
to  its  sepulture  in  the  Abbey,  was  at 
the  then  village  of  Charing,  between 
London  and  Westminster,  which,  from 
the  memorial  erected  by  Edward,  ob¬ 
tained  its  present  appellation  of  Cha- 
ring-cross,  aud  where  a  large  coach 
inu  at  present  exhibits  the  sign  of  a 
Golden  Cross. 

The  antient  cross  was  destroyed  by 
the  enlightened  advocates  for  aradicai 
reform  ;  who  encouraged  the  arts,  by 
ordering  the  demolition  of  those  mo¬ 
numents  of  piety  which  were  adorned 
with  the  most  exquisite  specimens  of 
sculpture  and  painting;  who  patro- 
uized  literature,  by  seriously  consider¬ 
ing  the  propriety  of  destroying  all 
records  of  past  ages,  and  beginning 
every  thing  anew;  who  purified  the 
administration  of  justice,  by  obtaining 
with  their  clamours  the  execution  of 
the  patriot  Wentworth,  and  the  vene¬ 
rable  Laud,  in  direct  opposition  to 
every  principle  of  equity  or  law;  who 
murdered  their  King  for  a  breach  of 
t.he  privileges  of  the  Commons,  and 
elevated  a  Protector,  who  with  a  mili¬ 
tary  force  turned  all  the  Members  out 
of  doors;  who  declared  a  House  of 
Lords  to  be  useless  and  dangerous, 
yet  instituted  a  new  House,  by  raising 
to  the  Peerage  the  very  dregs  of  the 
people;  who  abolished  Episcopacy, aud 
ejected  from  their  benefices  those 
u  scandalous  ministers”  who  taught 
the  people  “  to  fear  God  and  honour 
the  King,”  and  filled  their  pulpits 
with  Fi ft ii- M o narc h y  m e n ,  w h o  p reach¬ 
ed  blasphemy  and  treason.  Such  were 
the  blessings  of  a  radical  reform  in 
our  own  country ;  but  even  these  have 
been  obscured  by  the  superior  glories 
of  a  neighbouring  Nation  in  modern 
days.  The  murder  of  its  Sovereigns 


[July 

f 

with  circumstances  of  unparalleled 
atrocity  ;  the  ceaseless  fall  of  the  axe 
or  guillotine;  the  public  spectacles 
of  monsters  with  their  bodies  entwined 
with  the  reeking  and  bloody  entrails 
of  their  victims;  the  general  avowal  of 
Atheism  (though  indeed  the  National 
Assembly  did  decide  by  their  vole  in 
favour  of  the  existence  of  a  God!) — all 
at  length  terminating  in  a  military 
despotism  which  depopulated  the  Na¬ 
tion,  and  proved  the  scourge  of  the 
whole  civilized  wo  rid,  till  at  length 
overthrown  fry  the  councils  and  the 
arms  of  Eritain — allthese  unequivo¬ 
cally  attest  the  superior  glories  of  the 
Age  of  Reason ,  and  the  triumph  of 
the  hights  of  Man. 

Elevated  as  we  are  to  the  highest 
eminence  of  political  glory;  possessed 
of  a  constitution  the  admiration  and 
envy  of  the  world;  secured  in  our 
persons  and  property  by  the  pure  ad¬ 
ministration  of  equitable  laws;  and 
enjoying  the  most  perfect  rational 
liberty,  both  civil  and  religious;  shall 
we  endanger  these  inestimable  bless¬ 
ings  by  snapping  at  a  shadow,  by 
searching  for  some  theoretic  good, 
which,  like  the  apples  ol  the  Caspian, 
however  templing  in  prospect,  have 
always  proved,  on  tasting,  dust  and 
bitterness  ?  Jf  we  once  allow  an  in¬ 
road  to  the  waleis  through  those  em¬ 
bankments  which  the  wisdom  of  onr 
forefathers  have  raised  for  our  pro¬ 
tection,  who  shall  say  to  the  Ocean, 
“  1  bus  far  shalt  thou  go,  and  no  far¬ 
ther?  '  If  we  once  put  the  stone  of 
anarchy  in  motion,  will  not  its  descent 
be  commensurate  with  our  present 
elevation?  and  vainly  may  we  attempt 
to  check  its  progress  till  all  that  is 
sacred  has  been  crushed  by  its  force _ 

“Quieta  r.e  movete.”  “  Principiis  obsta.” 

1  he  proverb.  He  begs  like  a  cripple 
at  a  cross ,  which  we  si  ill  use  to  denote 
a  peculiar  earnestness  of  entreaty,  has 
been  handed  down  to  us  from  those 
times  when  the  afflicted  poor  used  to 
solicit  alms  at  the  different  crosses. 

Ihe  Cross  Hands.  The  Three 
Crosses.  4  he  Four  Crosses.  Crosses 
weie  antienliy  erected  at  the  meeting 
of  public  roads,  and  very  many  of 
the  houses  decoraied  with  the  above 
signs  are  thus  situated. 

Constantine  by  law  first  abolished 
the  punishment  of  the  cross,  which 
had  been  used  by  the  Romans  till  his 
time,  it  had  been  also  indicted  amonsr 

the 


15 


Remarks  on  the  Signs  erf  Inns,  Sic. 


1818.] 

the  Assyrians,  Egyptians,  Persians, 
Carthaginians,  and  even  the  Greeks. 

The  Invention  or  discovery  of  the 
Cross,  as  appears  by  our  Almanacks, 
is  celebrated  on  May  3.  Helena,  the 
mother  of  Constantine,  when  80  years 
of  age,  visited  the  Holy  Land,  and, 
according  to  the  Legend,  discovered 
the  three  crosses  on  which  our  Saviour 
and  the  two  thieves  had  been  crucified. 
To  ascertain  the  one  on  which  our 
Saviour  had  been  suspended, the  corpse 
of  a  woman  was  laid  upon  each  alter¬ 
nately  ;  the  two  first  produced  not 
any  effect,  but  the  latter  unquestion¬ 
ably  established  its  verity  by  instantly 
restoring  the  woman  to  life.  The 
Cross  itself  too,  although  divided  and 
subdivided  into  innumerable  frag¬ 
ments,  which  were  distributed  among 
the  pious,  so  that  the  pieces  taken 
from  it  amounted  to  treble  the  quan¬ 
tity  of  wood  of  which  it  originally 
consisted,  yet  nevertheless  remained 
undiminished  and  entire!!! 

OurantientEnglrsh  Historians  assert 
that  Constantine  the  Great  was  born 
at  Colchester,  and  that  Helena  his 
mother  was  the  daughter  of  Coel  a 
British  Prince;  but  these  assertions 
are  discredited  by  modern  authors. 
The  island  in  which  Buonaparte  is 
now  confined  was  named  in  honour 
of  her,  and  consequently  the  common 
pronunciation  of  it,  as  St.  Helena,  is 
incorrect. 

M  any  deeds  of  Synods  were  antiently 
issued,  expressing  that, as  my  Lord  the 
Bishop  could  not  write,  at  his  request 
others  had  subscribed  for  him.  Many 
charters  granted  by  nobles,  and  even 
by  sovereigns,  bore  their  mark,  or 
“  Signutn  Cruris'”  alone,  “  pro  iguo- 
rantia  literarum,”  as  in  a  charter 
dated  about  the  year  700  by  Withred 
King  of  Kent.  Even  the  great  Em¬ 
peror  Justinian  was  compelled  to  have 
his  hand  guided  by  a  secretary,  or  he 
would  not  have  been  able  to  have 
subscribed  to  any  of  his  edicts.  From 
this  custom  of  making  crosses  are  de¬ 
rived  the  words  signing  and  signature , 
used  as  synonymes  for  subscribing  and 
subscription. 

There  is  a  vulgar  opinion  that  those 
monumental  effigies  which  we  not 
nnfrequently  meet  with  in  antient 
churches,  having  their  legs  crossed, 
were  intended  as  representations  of 
Knight  Templars ;  but  this  distinction 
was  not  exclusively  confined  to  that 
order,  but  extended  to  any  knight 


who  had  visited  the  Holy  Land,  or 
had  even  assumed  Ihe  cross  on  his 
habit  as  significant  of  his  intention  of 
such  an  expedition. 

Guiliim  enumerates  39,  and  Colum- 
biere  7  2,  different  sorts  of  crosses  used 
in  Heraldry.  St. George’s  cross,  Gules 
on  a  field  Argent,  is  the  slandard  of 
England,  that  Saint  being  the  reputed 
Patron  of  this  nation. 

The  Cross  Foxes,  the  sign  of  the 
principal  inn  at  Oswestry  in  Shropshire, 
and  of  very  many  public  houses  in 
North  Wales,  has  been  adopted  from 
the  armorial  bearings  of  Sir  Watkin. 
Williams  Wynn,  barl.  Lord  Lieu¬ 
tenant  of  the  counties  of  Denbigh  and 
Merioneth,  and  Knight  of  the  Shire 
for  the  former  county,  a  gentleman 
not  more  distinguished  for  the  extent 
of  his  domains  than  for  his  public 
spirit,  as  the  patron  of  agricultural 
improvement,  and  as  the  Colonel  of 
the  Flhit  and  Denbigh  militia,  which 
he  commanded  in  France  when  those 
worthy  Cambro-Britons  volunteered 
their  services  to  join  the  victorious 
army  of  the  Duke  of  Wellington. 

Foote  having  been  in  company  with 
an  ancestor  of  the  present  baronet,  a 
very  large  man,  and  being  asked  how 
he  liked  him,  replied,  “  Oh,  a  true 
Welshman,  all  mountain  and  barren¬ 
ness.” 

The  Cross  Keys.  Inn -keepers, 
who  were  tenants  or  had  been  ser¬ 
vants  to  Religious  houses  or  persons, 
would  naturally  assume  for  their  sign 
some  significant  device  ;  and  to  this 
cause  in  many  instances  may  be  as¬ 
cribed  the  common  signs  of  the  Cross, 
the  Cross  Keys,  the  Lamb,  the  Car¬ 
dinal’s  Cap,  the  Crosier,  and  the 
Mitre. 

The  Keys  are  the  well-known  ^em¬ 
blem  of  St.  Peter,  derived  from  the 
metaphorical  saying  of  our  Saviour, 
Matthew  xvi.  19;  and  crossed  saltire- 
wise,  their  usual  form  on  sign-boards, 
are  borne  in  the  arms  of  the  Arch¬ 
bishops  of  York  and  Cashel,  the 
Bishops  of  Exeter,  Peterborough. 
Gloucester,  Limerick,  Drornore,  and 
Down. 

One  of  our  antient  theatres  was 
distinguished  by  this  sign. 

The  Crown.  Signs,  now  almost 
exclusively  confined  to  publicans,  were 
formerly  common  to  other  tradesmen 
also.  The  Crown  then,  as  at  present, 
was  a  favouri  te ;  and  such  was  the 
jealous  tyranny  of  Edward  IV.  that 

one 


1  r« 

1  o 

one  Walter  Walker,  a  respectable 
grocer  in  Cheapside,  was  executed, 
as  Shakespeare  makes  Richard  truly 
declare,  v 

“  Only  for  saying  he  would  make  his  son 
Heir  to  the  Crown ,  meaning  indeed  his 
house, 

Which  by  the  sign  thereof  was  called  so.” 

A  Grocer  at  present  merely  desig¬ 
nates  a  seller  of  sugar,  tea,  plumbs, 
and  spices;  but  its  original  significa¬ 
tion  was  a  wholesale  merchant,  one 
who  dealt  in  large  quantities  of  any 
merchandize,  or  in  the  gross .  By  a 
similar  use  of  the  figure  synecdoche, 
or  putting  the  whole  for  a  part,  the 
general  name  of  Stationery  which  ori¬ 
ginally  meant  any  one  that  kept  a 
station  or  shopy  is  now  confined  to  a 
seller  of  pens,  ink,  and  paper;  and  a 
Mercer ,  which  formerly  was  syno- 
nimous  with  Merchant ,  is  now  applied 
to  a  mere  dealer  in  silks.  The  word 
Millener,  one  who  sells  ribands  and 
dresses  for  women,  is  a  corruption  of 
Milainer ,  by  which  name  the  incorpo¬ 
rated  company  of  Haberdashers  in  Lon¬ 
don  was  originally  known,  and  was  so 
called  from  dealing  in  merchandize 
chiefly  imported  from  Milan.  Cord- 
voainer ,  the  common  legal  appellation 
of  a  shoe-maker,  as  i  have  before 
mentioned  in  the  article  “  Crispin,” 
is  derived  from  Cordovan ,  a  peculiar 
kind  of  leather,  originally  made  at 
Cordova  in  Spain.  There  are  two 
trading  companies  of  the  city  of  Lon¬ 
don,  the  names  of  which  are  becoming 
obsolete,  viz.  Fletchers  or  arrow- 
makers,  from  fi&chcy  an  arrow  ;  and 
Loriners  or  horse-accoutrement  ma¬ 
kers,  from  the  French  Cormiers,  de¬ 
rived  from  the  Latin  lorum ,  a  bridle 
or  horse-harness. 

Cheapside,  where  W alker  the  grocer 
lived,  obtains  its  appellation  from 
Cheap,  or  Che  aping,  the  antient  name 
of  a  market.  A  Chapman,  therefore, 
is  a  market-many  and  its  abbreviation 
Chap  is  often  used  by  the  vulgar  for 
any  person  of  whom  they  mean  to 
speak  with  freedom  or  disrespect. 

The  Crown  is  often  joined  on  our 
sign-boards  with  some  other  repre¬ 
sentation.  The  Crown  and  Anchor 
in  the  Strand,  is  a  tavern  much  cele¬ 
brated  for  public  meetings.  The  Bell 
and  Crown  is  a  large  coach  inn  in 
Holborn.  The  Rose  and  Crown  is  a 
very  frequent  sign.  The  principal 
inn  at  Leicester  is  called  the  Three 
Crowns. 


[.July, 

The  following  anecdote  was  related 
by  Horace  Walpole:  “  Queen  Caro¬ 
line  spoke  of  shutting  up  St.  James’s 
Park,  and  converting  it  into  a  noble 
garden  for  the  palace  of  that  name. 
She  asked  my  father  what  it  might 
probably  cost,  who  replied,  only 
three  croivns.''  This  reply  has  been 
erroneously  attributed  to  Lord  Ches- 
tei  field. 

Gallot  derives  the  word  corona , 
whence  crown,  from  the  Latin  cornu , 
horn,  because  the  anlient.  crowns  were 
pointed  in  the  manner  of  horns,  which 
both  by  Jews  and  Gentiles  were  of  old 
esteemed  as  marks  of  power,  strength, 
authority,  and  empire.  Hence  in  the 
Holy  Scriptures  horns  are  used  for  the 
Regal  dignity,  and  accordingly  horn 
and  crown  in  the  Hebrew  are  expressed 
by  the  same  word. 

The  English  crown  is  adorned  with 
four  Maltese  crosses,  between  which 
are  fleurs  de  lys.  From  the  top  of 
the  crosses  arise  four  circular  bars, 
which  meet  at  a  little  globe  supporting 
a  cross.  It  is  of  gold,  enriched  with 
diamonds,  rubies, emeralds,  sapphires, 
and  pearls.  It  is  kept  at  the  Tower 
with  the  other  Regalia,  which  are 
altogether  valued  at  above  two  mil¬ 
lions  sterling. 

Henry  V.  fought  in  his  crown  at 
Agincourt,  which  preserved  his  life 
by  sustaining  a  stroke  from  a  battle 
axe,  which  cleft  it.  Richard  III.  also 
fought  at  Bosworth  field  in  his  crown, 
which  was  picked  up  by  a  private  sol¬ 
dier,  who  secreted  it  iu  a  bush,  most 
probably  intending  to  secure  it  for 
himself;  but,  being  discovered,  it  was 
delivered  to  Sir  Reginald  Bray,  who 
gave  it  to  Lord  Stanley,  who  placed 
it  on  Richmond's  head,  and  hailed 
him  “  King”  on  the  field.  Hence 
arises  the  device  of  a  crown  in  a  haw¬ 
thorn  bush  at  each  end  of  Henry  VIPs 
tomb  in  Westminster  Abbey. 

The  Cup.  The  Three  Cups.  These 
certainly  are  appropriate  signs.  Brady, 
in  bis  “  Clavis Calendaria,”  says,  “The 
Saxons  were  remarkable  for  immo¬ 
derate  drinking,  and  when  intoxicated 
with  their  favourite  ale,  were  guilty 
of  the  most  outrageous  violences. 
Dunstan  endeavoured  to  check  this 
vicious  habit,  but  durst  not  totally 
obstruct  their  much-loved  intemper* 
ance ;  he  introduced  therefore  the 
custom  of  marking  or  pegging  their 
cups  at  certain  distances,  to  prevent 
one  naan  taking  a  greater  draught 

than 


Remarks  on  the  Signs  of  Inns,  Sic. 


(rent.  Mug.  July  1818.FI/T. p.17 


1818.]  Signs  of  In  ns,  & c.  - —  Old  Build ing  at  D  u  n  n  i  n  gton.  17 


than  his  companions.  Some  of  these 
peg  or  pin  cups  or  bowls ,  and  pin  or 
peg  tankards,  are  yet  to  be  found  in 
the  cabinets  of  Antiquaries*;  and  we 
are  to  trace  from  their  use  some 
common  terms  yet  current  among  us. 
When  a  person  is  much  elated*  we  say 
he  is  “  in  a  merry  pin which  no 
doubt  originally  meant  he  had  reached 
that  mark  which  had  deprived  him  of 
his  usual  sedateness  and  sobriety;  we 
talk  of  taking  a  man  “  a  peg  lower," 
when  we  imply  we  shall  check  him  in 
any  forwardness,  a  saying  which  ori¬ 
ginated  from  a  regulation  that  de¬ 
prived  all  those  of  their  turn  of  drink¬ 
ing,  or  of  their  peg,  who  had  become 
troublesome  in  their  liquor:  from  the 
like  rule  in  society  came  also  the  ex¬ 
pression  of  “  he  is  a  peg  too  low"  i.  e. 
has  been  restrained  too  far,  when  we 
say  that  a  person  is  not  in  equal  spirits 
with  his  company;  whilst  we  also  re¬ 
mark  of  an  individual  that  he  is  get¬ 
ting  on  “  peg  by  peg"  or,  in  other 
words,  he  is  taking  greater  freedoms 
than  lie  ought  to  do,  which  formerly 
meant,  he  was  either  drinking  out  of 
his  turn,  or,  contrary  to  express  re¬ 
gulation,  did  not  confine  himself  to 
his  proper  portion  or  peg ,  but  drank 
on  to  the  next,  thereby  taking  a 
double  quantity.” 

Our  custom  of  drinking  healths,  and 
the  tV ass  el  bowl ,  appear  to  have  ori¬ 
ginated  in  the  introduction  of  the 
British  Monarch  Vortigern  to  Rowena 
the  beautiful  blue-eyed  daughter  (or, 
according  to  other  writers,  niece)  of 
the  Saxon  Heugist.  She  kneeled  down, 
and  presenting  to  the  King  a  cup  of 
spiced  wine,  said,  “  Lord  King,  tVaes 
heil ,”  Health  be  to  you  ;  to  which 
Vortigern,  instructed  by  his  inter¬ 
preter,  replied,  “  Brine  heil,"  I  drink 
your  health;  and  then,  as  Robert  of 
Gloucester  says, 

“Kuste  hire,  and  sitte  hire  adoune,  and 
glad  dronk  hire  heil, 

And  that  was  tho  in  this  land  the 
verst  was-hail.” 

JVaes  heal  from  that  period  not 
unnaturally  became  the  name  of  the 
drinking-cups  of  the  Anglo-Saxons; 
and  the  word  IV asset  is  only  a  cor¬ 
ruption  of  the  anlient  Waes  hael  or 
Wish  health  bowl.  The  term  Wassel 

*  We  recollect  one  in  the  possession 
of  the  late  venerable  and  reverend  Dr. 
Samuel  Pegge.  Edit. 

Gent.  Mag.  July,  1818. 

3 


occurs  often  in  Shakspeare,  and  is 
sometimes  used  for  general  intemper¬ 
ance  or  festivity.  To  this  day  it  is 
the  constant  custom  in  Glamorgan¬ 
shire  for  the  country  people  to  bring 
a  clip  of  spiced  ale,  which  they  call 
Wassel,  and  sing  gratulatory  songs  at 
the  doors  of  their  more  opulent  neigh¬ 
bours  at  Christmas.  Hinyboro. 

Mr.  Urban,  July  2. 

ITH  this  yon  will  receive  a 
sketch  of  an  old  building  at 
Dunnington  on  the  Heath,  in  the  pa¬ 
rish  of  l  bstock,  and  County  of  Leices¬ 
ter,  (See  Plate  It.)  The  building  is  of 
stone,  and  is  now  used  as  a  farm-house. 
It  stands  in  a  field  ;  which  field,  with 
two  others,  are  called  “  The  Parks 
the  quantity  of  land  in  the  three  fields, 
is  between  20  and  30  acres.  The 
house  and  the  farm  belong  to  the  Hos¬ 
pital  at  Osgathorpe,  in  the  same  coun¬ 
ty  ;  and  the  family  of  Burgess  have 
been  so  long  tenants,  that  it  is  gene¬ 
rally  known  by  the  name  of  “  Bur¬ 
gess’s  Old  House.”  Visor  Leic. 


Anecdotes  of  Dr.  Goldsmith. 

LIVER  GOLDSMITH  was  born 
at  Pallice,  on  the  Southern  bauks 
of  the  river  Inny,  in  the  adjoining  pa¬ 
rish  ofCloncalla.  As  he  waseducated 
at  the  school  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hughes, 
in  Ballyinahon,  and  passed  his  earlier 
years  in  that  town  with  his  mother  ; 
the  following  brief  Memoirs  of  him 
may  be  given,  with  propriety,  in  this 
Survey  +. 

The  family  of  Goldsmith  has  been 
long  settled  in  Ireland.  One  of  them, 
Dr.  Isaac  Goldsmith,  was  Dean  of 
Cork  about  the  year  1730;  but  they 
seem  to  have  resided  chiefly  in  the 
province  of  Connaught.- — Bor  many 
generations,  they  have  regularly  fur¬ 
nished  a  Minister  for  the  Established 
Church,  being  what  is  termed  “a  Cleri¬ 
cal  family.” 

On  the  30lh  of  December,  1643, 
the  Rev.  John  Goldsmith,  Parson  of 
Brashoule,  in  the  Couuty  of  Mayo, 
was  examined  upon  oath  by  Henry 

f  Th  isvaluable  article  isextraeted  from 
the  Statistical  Survey  of  Sbruel,  in  the 
diocese  of  Ardagh,  and  county  of  Long¬ 
ford,  now  in  the  press,  with  Mr.  Shaw 
Mason’s  third  volume  of  the  ‘‘Parochial 
Account  of  Ireland.” 

Johes 


18 


Antidotes  of  Dr.  Oliver  Goldsmith.  [Juiy, 


Jones  and  Henry  Brereton,  two  of  (he 
Commissioners  appointed  for  ascer¬ 
taining  the  extent  of  the  calamity  of 
5 64 1  -  —  It  appears  by  (his  examin¬ 
ation,  which  i s  preserved  in  Sir  John 
Temple’s  Collections  that  this  Mr. 
Goldsmith  was  also  Chaplain  to  Lady 
Mayo — -a  circumstance  which  saved 
him  from  suffering  with  the  unfor¬ 
tunate  persons  who  fell  in  the  massa¬ 
cre  at  Shrucl. 

The  father  of  the  Poet  was  the 
Rev.  Charles  Goldsmith,  who  mar¬ 
ried  Anne,  daughter  of  (he  Rev.  Oli¬ 
ver  Jones,  Diocesan  Schoolmaster 
of  Elphin,  in  the  county  of  Roscom¬ 
mon.  By  the  residence  ol  Charles 
Goldsmith  at  Pallice,  on  the  29th  of 
November,  1728,  when  his  soa  Oliver 
was  born  there,  it  is  probable  he  was 
Curate  of  the  Chapel  of  Ease  in  the 
parish  of  Cloncalla  or  Forgeny,  which 
is  now  under  the  care  of  the  Rev. 
James  Moffett,  of  Bally mahon.  He 
was  afterwards  promoted  to  a  benefice 
in  the  county  of  Roscommon,  but 
died  early;  for  we  find  his  widow  re¬ 
siding,  with  her  son  Oliver,  in  Bally- 
mahon,  in  the  year  1740  —  so  the 
Poet  was  an  orphan  at  the  age  of 
twelve  years.  The  house  in  which, 
they  lodged  is  still  standing;  it  is  si¬ 
tuated  on  the  entrance  to  Bally  mahon 
from  the  Edgeworthstown  road,  on 
the  left-hand  side,  and  is  occupied  by 
Mr.  John  Lanigau.  Here  Mrs.  Gold¬ 
smith  lived  in  narrow  circumstances, 
and  indifferent  health,  nigra  veste  se- 
nescens ,  till  the  year  1772,  or  1773, 
when  she  died,  having  been  for  some 
time  before  her  death  nearly  blind. 
A  lady  who  died  in  this  neighbour¬ 
hood  about  two  years  ago  was  well 
acquainted  with  Mrs.  Goldsmith,  and 
stated,  that  it  was  one  of  Oliver’s  ha¬ 
bits  to  sit  in  a  window  of  his  mother’s 
lodgings,  and  amuse  himself  by  play¬ 
ing  the  flute.  He  was  then  of  reserv¬ 
ed  and  distant  habits,  fond  of  solitary 
walks,  spending  most  of  his  time 
among  the  rocks  and  wooded  islands 
of  the  river  inny,  which  13  remarkably 
beautiful  at  B  sil)  mahon. 

The  writer  of  this  account  pur¬ 
chased  same  books,  a  few  years  ago, 
at  an  auction  in  Ballymahon,  and 
-  am  png  them  an  Account-book,  kept 
bv  a  Mrs.  Edwards,  and  a  Miss  Sarah 
Shore,  who  lived  in  the  house  next  to 
Mrs.  Goldsmith.  In  this*  village  re¬ 
cord,  were  several  shop  accounts  kept 
wi|h  Mrs.  Goldsmith,  from  the  year 


1740  to  1756.  Some  of  the  entries  in 
the  earliest  of  these  accounts  ran 
thus:  —  Tea  by  Master  Noll — Cash 
by  ditto  —  from  which  it  appeals,  that 
the  young  Poet  was  ihen  his  mother’s 
principal  messenger  on  such  ot  ea  ions. 

One  of  these  accounts,  in  1756,  may 
be  considered  as  a  statistical  curiosity, 
ascertaining  the  use  and  pricemf  green 
tea  and  lump  sugar,  &c.  in  this  part 
of  the  country ,  sixty  years  ago  : 

Mrs.  Goldsmith  to  Sarah  Shore,  Dr. 

Brought  forward . 1 5.?.  6d. 

Jan.  16,  Half  an  ounce  of  green  Tea.  3§ 
A  quarter  of  a  pound  of  lump  sugar,  3 

A  pound  of  Jamaica  sugar . .  3 

An  ounce  of  green  Tea . 7 

Half  a  pound  of  Rice . 2 

Goldsmith  was  always  plain  in  his 
appearance  ;  hut  when  a  boy,  and  im¬ 
mediately  after  suffering  heavily  from 
the  small  pox,  he  was  particularly 
ugly.  When  he  was  about  seven 
years  old,  a  Fiddler,  who  reckoned 
himself  a  wit,  happened  to  be  playing 
to  some  company  in  Mrs.  Goldsmith’s 
house.  During  a  pause  between  two 
sets  of  Country  dances,  liille  Oliver 
surprized  the  party,  by  juu  pu  g  up 
suddenly, and  dancing  round  the  room. 
Struck  with  the  grotesque  a;  pearance 
of  the  ill-favoured  child,  the  fiddler 
exclaimed  “  AEsop,”  and  the  com¬ 
pany  hurst  into  laughter;  when  Oliver 
turned  to  them,  with  a  smile,  aud  re¬ 
peated  the  following  couplet: 

“  Heralds,  proclaim  aloud,  all  saying, 

See  JEsop  dancing,  and  his  Monkey 
playing.” 

This  anecdote  is  given  on  the  autho¬ 
rity  of  a  direct  descendant  ol  the  Rev. 
Henry  Goldsmith,  of  Lissoy,  Curate 
<>f  Kilkenny,  West,  and  the  elder  bro¬ 
ther  of  our  Poet. 

On  the  llth  of  June,  1744,  the  fol¬ 
lowing  entry  was  made  on  the  books 
ot  Trinity  College,  Dublin:  —  “  Oli- 
varius  Goldsmith,  Siz.  filius  Caroli 
Clerici,ann.  agen.  15,  natus  in  Comitn- 
tu  Westmeath,  educatus  sub  ferulS.  M. 
Hughes,  admissus  est.  Tutor.  M.  Wil¬ 
der.”  The  error  with  respect  to  the 
county  in  which  he  was  born  arose 
from  the  vicinity  of  Pallice  to  the 
borders  of  Westmeath  —  or,  as  stated 
by  oue  of  his  biographers,  from  the 
circumstance  of  his  having  at  that 
time  lived  in  that  county.  Bui  it  19 
probable  that  he  did  not  enter  Col¬ 
lege  till  some  time  after  his  father’s 
death j  for,  from  what  has  been  already 

mentioned 


19 


1818.1  Anecdotes  of  Di\  Oliver  Goldsmith. 


mentioned  of  him  and  his  mother, 
they  ^ere  resident  in  Ballymahon 
when  he  was  but  twelve  years  old ;  and 
it  is  ceriain  that  it  was  not  till  after 
his  father’s  death  they  removed  to 
that  town  from  the  county  of  Ros¬ 
common,  in  which  he  died  a  beueficed 
clergyman.  The  Tutor  mentioned  in 
this  record  was  the  Rev.  Theaker 
Wilder,  a  younger  son  of  the  family 
of  Castlewilder,  in  the  county  of 
Longford  He  was  remarkable  for 
the  eccentricity  of  his  character,  from 
the  severity  of  which  our  Poet  suf¬ 
fered  heavily  while  under  his  tuition. 
Although  Goldsmith  did  not  distin¬ 
guish  himself  in  the  University,  there 
can  be  no  doubt  of  his  having  been 
duly  prepared  for  entering  it.  Few 
boys  of  fifteen  have  ever  been  able 
to  obtain  a  Sizer’s  place,  which  is  a 
situation  ofemolument,  contended  for 
by  many  persons,  and  disposed  of  to 
the  best  answerer,  as  tile  Scholarships 
are.  In  Goldsmith’s  day?,  the  Sizers 
of  the  University  of  Dublin  are  said 
to  have  been  compelled  to  submit  to 
many  menial  services,  such  as  sweep¬ 
ing  the  Courts,  and  carrying  up  din¬ 
ner  from  the  kitchen  to  the  Common- 
Hail;  hut  these  degrading  offices  have 
for  many  years  hack  been  committed 
lo  persons  more  fitted  to  execute 
them,  than  young  men  often  tenderly 
brought  up,  liberally  educated,  and 
whose  only  disqualification  is  the 
want  of  money  to  pay  eutrance  lees, 
and  the  annual  charge  of  a  Tutor. 

June  15,  1747,  Goldsmith  obtained 
his  only  laurel  in  the  University  of 
Duhli  n — a u  exhibition  on  the  founda¬ 
tion  of  Erasmus  Smyth,  Esq.  These 
exhibitions  consist  of  a  small  sum  of 
money  to  unsuccessful  candidates  for 
Scholarships.  In  the  same  year,  he 
was  publicly  admonished,  for  having 
been  Concerned  in  a  riot,  and  in  pump¬ 
ing  a  bailiff',  who  had  invaded  the  pri¬ 
vileged  precincts  of  the  College. 

February  27,  1749,  he  was  admitted 
Bachelor  of  Arts,  two  years  after  the 
regular  time.  In  the  Roll  of  those 
qualified  for  admission  to  the  College 
Library,  it  appears  that  Oliver  Gold¬ 
smith  took  the  oaths  necessary  to 
those  who  desire  that  privilege.  The 
time  for  this  is  immediately  after  ob¬ 
taining  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of 
Arts. 

In  the  month  of  December,  1753, 
we  find  him  in  Edinburgh,  a  Medical 
Student,  from  which  place  he  wrote 


a  letter  to  his  friend  Robe.rt  Bryan- 
ton,  of  Ballymahon,  Esq.  published 
in  a  late  edition  of  his  Works.  —  The 
original  of  this  letter  was  preserved  by 
t  he  late  Mrs.M^ermott,  of  that  town. 
The  edition  in  which  this  letter  has 
been  published  is  that  of  Otridge  and 
Son,  London,  1812. 

1756  —  About  the  breaking  out  of 
the  war  in  this  year,  Goldsmith  re¬ 
turned  from  the  Continent  to  Eng¬ 
land  in  great  distress,  having  gone  to 
travel,  from  Edinburgh,  in  1754. 

1757,  December  27,  he  wrote  a  let¬ 
ter  to  Daniel  Hudson,  Esq.  of  Lissoy, 
near  Ballymahon,  who  had  married 
his  niece.  In  this  letter,  he  says,  “he 
could  wish  from  his  heart,  (hat  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Hudson,  and  Lissoy,  and 
Ballymahon,  and  all  his  friends  there, 
would  fairly  make  a  migration  to 
Middlesex”— -adding,  that,  as  on  se¬ 
cond  thoughts  this  might  be  attended 
wi  th  inconvenience,  “ Mahomet  should 
go  tc  the  mountain and  he  promised 
to  spend  six  weeks  with  them  in  the 
ensuing  summer.  1’h.is  however  did 
not  occur. 

“  Tho’  like  the  hare  whom  hounds  and 
horns  pursue,  [lie  drew  ; 

He  sought  the  place  where  first  his  breath 
The  darling  Bard  of  Erin  wish’d  irt  vain 
To  view  his  lovely  natal  spot  again, 

To  find  his  wand’ring  o’er,  his  sorrows 
past, 

Return  in  peace,  and  die  at  home  at  last!” 

In  Otridge’s  edition  of  this  author’s 
works,  Lissoy  is  erroneously  spelled 
Lisluiy.  It  is  very  generally  believed 
in  this  neighbourhood,  that  it  was 
from  Lissoy  that  Goldsmith  drew 
more  than  the  outlines  of  his  enchant- 
ingscenery  of  “  The  Deserted  Tillage.” 
His  brother  was  the  village  preacher 
there,  when  he  dedicated  “  The  Tra¬ 
veller”  to  h  im.  The  Clergyman’s 
mansion  is  still  well  known  —  the  pa¬ 
rish  church  of  Kilkenny,  West,  tops 
the  neighbouring  hill  — and  near  it 
may  be  seen  the  Mill  and  the  Lake. 
The  Hawthorn  tree  still  exists  — 
though  mutilated,  “  laniatum  cor- 
pore  toto,”  by  the  curious  travellers, 
who  cut  pieces  from  it,  as  from  the 
Royal  Oak,  or  from  the  Mulberry 
tree  of  Stratford-upon -AvorS.  The 
village  alehouse  has  be.en  lately  re¬ 
built,  and  ornamented  by  ihe  sign  of 
“  The  Three  Jolly  Pigeons 

A  lady  from  the  neighbourhood  of 
Portgienobe,  in  the  county  of 'An¬ 
trim,  was  one  of  those  who  visited  the,, 

Deserted 


20 


Anecdotes  of  Dr.  Oliver  Goldsmith,  [duly, 


Deserted  Village  in  the  summer  of 
1817  ;  and  was  fortunate  euough  to 
find,  in  a  cottage  adjoining  the  ale¬ 
house,  an  old  smoaked  print,  which, 
she  was  credibly  informed,  was  the 
identical  “  Twelve  good  Rules ”  which 
had  ornamented  that  rural  tavern, 
with  the  “  Royal  Game  of  Goose,” 
<3zc.  &c.  when  Goldsmith  drew  his  fas¬ 
cinating  description  of  it.  And  here 
it  may  be  observed,  that  the  scenery 
of  the  Alehouse  was  that  of  the. habi¬ 
tations  of  most  of  the  farmers  in  this 
neighbourhood,  before  the  introduc¬ 
tion  of  modern  expensive  furniture 
into  them.  Every  parlour  floor  was 
flagged,  or  sanded — had  its  “  bed  by 
night,  a  chest  of  drawers  by  day  and 
exhibited,  either  oil  a  chimney  board, 
or  in  an  open  corner  cup-board,  a  par¬ 
cel  of  broken  or  unbroken  pieces  of 
china,  glass,  or  stained  earthenware; 
while  the  walls  were  covered  with 
gun-racks,  fishing-tackle,  and  homely 
prints — among  which,  the  Twelve 
good  Rules,  and  Royal  Game  of 
Goose,  seldom  failed  to  find  a  place. 
Thus  was  Jemmy  Anthony’s  parlour 
once  ornamented,  in  the  old  mill  of 
Bailymahon,  which  he  and  his  ances¬ 
tors  occupied  for  a  century  ;  but  in 
his  early  day  it  boasted  the  addition 
of  Violins,  Hautboys,  Flutes,  and  a 
French  horn,  with  which  he  and  his 
ingenious  brothers  often  made  sono¬ 
rous  melody  on  the  lovely  banks  of 
the  Inny,  and  delighted  the  villagers, 
who,  after  the  toil  of  the  day,  assem¬ 
bled  on  the  bridge  to  hear  them. 
But,  oh!  the  ravages  of  time!  The 
music  floats  down  the  stream  no  more 
-—all  is  silent,  except  the  roar  of  the 
waters  through  the  broken  eel-weirs 
— the  mill  has  fallen  across  the  water¬ 
course —  and  the  musicians,  “their 
fates  as  various  as  the  roads'  they 
took,”  are  all  gone  down  to  the  grave, 
with  the  solitary  exception  of  poor 
Jemmy,  who,  surviving  the  desolation 
that  surrounds  him,  sticks  like  a  wall¬ 
flower  rtv  an  adjacent  tenement, 

“And  in  his  purse  since  few  bright  coins 
appear, 

He  mounts  the  rostrum  as  an  auctioneer.” 

J759.  August  9th,  Goldsmith  wrote 
$o  Edward  Mills,  Esq.  near  Roscom¬ 
mon,  requesting  him  to  interest  him¬ 
self  in  a  subscription  to  his  “  Essay  on 
the  present  state  of  Taste  and  Litera¬ 
ture  in  Europe.”  His  feelings  were 
deeply  wounded  by  being  on  this  oc¬ 
casion  treated  with  neglect,  not  only 


by  Mr.  Mills,  hut  by  another  friend, 
a  Mr.  Lauder,  to  whom  he  had  writ¬ 
ten  on  this  same  subject. 

1761 —  In  this  year  he  published  his 
“  Vicar  of  Wakefield,”  in  which  it  is 
said  here  that  he  drew  the  characters 
of  his  brother  and  his  sister-in-law, 
the  inhabitants  of  the  “  modest  man¬ 
sion”  of  Lissoy.  On  the  31st  of  May, 
in  this  year,  he  received  his  first  visit 
from  Dr.  Johnson. 

1762 —  In  this  year  he  published  his 
“  Citizen  of  the  World,”  in  two  vo- 
Jumes,  12mo. 

1763 —  In  the  spring  of  this  year  lie 
hod  lodgings  at  Canonbury  House, 
near  Islington,  where  he  wrote  his 
“Letters'on  English  History,”  errone¬ 
ously  ascribed  to  Lord  Lyttelton. 

1 7 65 — In  this  year  “The Traveller” 
appeared,  and  the  author  was  intro¬ 
duced  to  the  Earl  of  Northumberland, 
at  that  time  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ire¬ 
land,  and  he  recommended  his  brother 
Henry  for  preferment.  In  this  year  his 
“  Essays”  were  published,  and  he  pe¬ 
titioned  Lord  Bute  in  vain  to  be  allow¬ 
ed  a  salary  to  enable  him  to  penetrate 
into  the  interior  of  Asia.  His  memo¬ 
rial  was  unnoticed  and  neglected. 
Goldsmith  on  this  occasion  wanted  a 
friend  such  as  Lord  Halifax  proved  to 
Addison  upon  the  arrival  of  the  news 
of  the  victory  of  Blenheim.  On  that 
occasion,  the  Lord  Treasurer  Godol- 
phin,  in  the  fulness  of  his  joy,  meet¬ 
ing  with  the  above-mentioned  Noble¬ 
man,  told  him,  “It  was  a  pity  the 
memory  of  such  a  victory  should  ever 
be  forgot  he  added,  that  “  he  was 
pretty  sure  bis  Lordship,  who  was  so 
distinguished  a  patron  of  men  of  let¬ 
ters,  must  know  some  person  whose 
pen  was  capable  of  doing  justice  to 
the  action.”  Lord  Halifax  replied, 
that  he  did  indeed  know  such  a  per¬ 
son,  but  would  not  desire  him  to  write 
upon  the  subject  his  Lordship  had 
mentioned.  The  Lord  Treasurer  en¬ 
treated  to  know  the  reason  of  so  un¬ 
kind  a  resolution;  Lord  Halifax  briskly 
told  him,  that  he  had  long,  with  indigo 
nation ,  observed  that  while  many  Fools 
and  Blockheads  were  maintained  in 
their  pride  and  luxury  at  the  expence 
of  the  publick,  stick  men  as  were  really 
an  honour  to  their  country ,  aud  to  the - 
age  they  lived  in,  were  shamefully  suf¬ 
fered  to  languish  in  obscurity  ;  that 
for  his  own  part ,  he  would  never  de¬ 
sire  any  gentleman  of  parts  and  learn¬ 
ing,  to  employ  his  lime  in  celebrating 

a  Minis - 


1318.]  Dr,  Oliver  Goldsmith. — Burial- fee.  21 


a  Ministry  i  who  had  neither  the  justice 
nor  generosity  to  make  it  worth  his 
while. 

The  Lord  Treasurer  calmly  replied, 
that  he  would  seriously  consider  of 
what  his  Lordship  had  said,  and  endea¬ 
vour  to  give  no  fresh  occasion  for 
such  reproaches;  hat  that,  in  the  pre¬ 
sent  case,  he  took  it  upon  himself  to 
promise,  that  any  gentleman  whom 
his  Lordship  should  name  to  him*  as 
capable  of  celebrating  the  late  action, 
should  find  it  worth  his  while  to  exert 
his  genius  on  that  subject.  With 
this  encouragement,  Lord  Halifax 
named  Mr.  Addison.  The, celebrated 
Poem,  entitled  “The  Campaign,”  was 
soon  afterwards  published,  and  the 
author  found  the  Lord  Treasurer  as 
good  as  his  word. 

17G8,  January  29,  Goldsmith  pub¬ 
lished  The  Good-natured  Man,  his  first 
Comedy.  In  the  year  1769,  The 
Deserted  Village  appeared,  upon 
whose  inimitable  beauties  it  is  unne¬ 
cessary  to  descant  here.  On  the  J  3th 
of  January,  in  this  year,  our  author 
engaged  with  Mr.  Thomas  Davies,  to 
write  an  History  of  England  in  four 
volumes,  octavo,  which  engagement 
was  afterwards  fulfilled. 

1772,  April  10,  Mr.  Thomas  Wool- 
sey,  of  Dundalk,  wrote  to  Goldsmith, 
to  rectify  an  error  in  his  History  of 
England,  respecting  Dr.  Walker,  the 
celebrated  Governor  of  Londonderry, 
whom  he  had  denominated  in  that 
work  a  Dissenting  Minister,  though 
he  was  Rector  of  Donoughmore,  in 
the  county  of  Tyrone. 

In  1771,  Goldsmith  wrote  the  Life 
of  Lord  Bolingbroke,  which  he  pre¬ 
fixed  to  a  Dissertation  on  Parties.  It 
was  republished  in  1775,  under  the 
name  of  the  author. 

1770. —  In  the  month  of  January 
this  year,  he  wrote  to  his  youngest 
brother,  Mr.  Maurice  Goldsmith.  In 
this  letter  he  complains  that  he  had 
written  above  an  hundred  letters  to 
his  friends  in  Ireland,  to  which  he  re¬ 
ceived  no  answer.  He  inquired  in  it 
for  his  mother,  his  brother  Hodson, 
his  sister  Johnson,  and  the  family  of 
Bally  ough  ter. 

1773,  March  15,  The  Mistakes  of  a* 
Night  appeared  first  in  Covent.  Gar¬ 
den  theatre.  The  plot  of  this  Come¬ 
dy  was  suggested  to  Goldsmith,  by  an 
adventure  which  occurred  to  himself 
at  Ardagh,  in  the  county  of  Longford, 
wiit:e  he  mistook  the  house  of  Mr. 


Fetherston  (grandfather  of  the  pre¬ 
sent  Sir  Thomas  Fetherston)  for  an 
inn,  having  been  directed  to  it  by  an 
humorous  fencing-master,  named  Cor¬ 
nelius  Keliy,  once  the  instructor  of 
the  celebrated  Marquis  of  Granby. 

In  the  beginning- of  the  year  1774, 
he  received  a  legacy  of  fifteen  pounds 
from  the  executors  of  his  uncle,  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Contarine,  sometime 
Rector  of  Kilmore,  near  Carrick  on 
Shannon.  About  the  same  time,  his 
“  History  oi  the  Earth  and  Animated 
Nature”  was  published;  and  he  died 
the  fourth  of  April. 

Lifford ,  June  1 0th,  ISIS. 


Mr.  Urban,  -  May  S. 

YOU  will  confer  a  favour  on  an 
old  Correspondent,  by  immedi¬ 
ately  printing  the  following  state¬ 
ment,  respecting  a  burial-fee,  which, 
in  my  apprehension,  is  clearly  reco¬ 
verable,  but  which  has  been  the  sub¬ 
ject  of  a  recent  dispute  in  my  neigh¬ 
bourhood.  Yours,  &c.  P. 

J.  S.  versus  J.  N. 

A  child,  who  died  in  the  parish  of 
St.  Clement’s,  was  buried  in  the  parish 
of  St.  M  ary’s. 

J.  S.  Yricar  of  St.  Clement’s,  claimed 
the  burial-fee;  which  J.  N.  refused 
to  pay,  as  he  had  satisfied  the  de¬ 
mand  of  the  rector  of  St.  Mary’s,  who 
had  buried  his  child. 

And  J.  N.  refused  to  pay  the  fee  to 
his  own  vicar  (of  St.  Clement’s)  as 
being  an  unreasonable  claim, — as  ot 
being  supported  by  Custom ,  and  as 
not  authorized  by  Law. 

I.  The  Defendant  conceived  it  to 
be  unreasonable ,  on  two  accounts — 
first ,  because  “he  had  paid  the  fee 
for  service  performed;  and  secondly , 
because  the  fee  was  claimed  for  uo 
service.” 

1.  As  to  his  having  paid  the  fee 
already,  this  was  perfectly  optional 
with  the  defendant.  To  another  pa¬ 
rish  he  need  not  have  resorted  for 
the  burial  of  his  child.  But,  in  his 
application  to  the  minister  of  ano¬ 
ther  parish,  he  might  have  been  re¬ 
pulsed.  The  minister  might  have  po¬ 
sitively  refused  to  bury  his  child,  or, 
on  consenting  to  admit  the  child  to 
burial,  might  have  demanded  what 
fee  he  thought  proper — might  have 
stipulated  on  what  conditions  he 
would  bury  the  corpse.  The  child 
was  admitted  to  burial  :  and  the  de¬ 
fendant  paid  the  minister-— but  not 

the 


On  Burial-fees,  &c.  [July* 


the  fee  :  for  it  was  not  paid  as  a  fee, 
hut  as  an  acknowledgement  for  a 
favour  conferred. 

Accordingly,  the  officiating  minis¬ 
ters  of  Si.  Clement’s  and  St.  Mary’s 
have  for  several  years  demanded  double 
fees  for  interments  of  this  descrip¬ 
tion.  And  the  minister  of  Manaccan 
(as  the  church-yard  of  that  parish 
is  not  sufficiently  large  for  its  own 
population)  never  admits  a  corpse 
from  any  other  parish  for  less  than 
half-a-guinea;  though  the  customary 
offeriug  or  burial-fee  at  Manaccan  be 
balf-a-crown  only.  On  consulting 
Burn’s  Eccles.  Law  (under  the  head 
of  “  Burial”)  you  will  find  these  re¬ 
marks;  “  Any  person  may  be  buried 
in  the  church-yard  of  the  parish  where 
he  dies;  but  not  in  the  church-yard 
of  another  parish  than  that  wherein 
he  died,  without  the  consent  of  the 
churchwardens,  whose  parochial  right 
is  invaded  thereby,  and  of  the  in¬ 
cumbent,  whose  soil  is  broken;— as 
in  the  case  of  the  churchwardens  of 
Harrow-on-ihe-Hill,  upon  a  process 
against  them  for  suffering  strangers 
to  he  buried  in  their  church-yard; 
on  their  appearing  and  confessing  the 
charge,  they  were  admonished  by  the 
Ecclesiastical  Judge  not  to  suffer  the 
same  for  ihe  future.”  * 

2.  For  the  other  objection,  that, 
e'  had  he  paid  his  own  minister,  he 
should  have  paid  him  for  nothing,” 
I  certainly  allow,  that  his  own  minis¬ 
ter  read  not  the  burial  service ;  for 
he  was  not  desired  to  read  it;  But 
he  was  in  waiting — he  was  resident  for 
that  purpose.  The  person  to  be  in¬ 
terred  was  a  child.  The  minister, 
however,  had  attended  its  parents  on 
ail  occasions  where  attendance  was 
necessary  »  had  given  them  spiritual 
advice,  instruction,  and  admonition, 
in  public  and  in  private;  had  prayed 
with  them  in  sickness  and  in  health  ; 
had  administered  to  them  the  Eucha¬ 
rist  both  at  church  and  at  their  own 
houses;  and  as  he  had  assisted  and 
consoled  them  under  all  circumstances 
requiring  spiritual  assistance  during 
their  lives,  was  ready  to  perform  his 
last  melancholy  duty  in  offering  them 
consolation  on  t heir  death-beds.  Nay, 
he  had  actually  attended  an  uncle 
of  the  child  for  several  mouths,  from 
the  commencement  of  a  dangerous 
illness  till  its  termination  in  death. — 


Was  this  a  proper  return  for  all  his 
labour  of  love?  Was  it  at  all  decent 
or  decorous,  immediately  after  the 
decease  of  the  person,  to  carry  off 
the  body  to  another  parish — to  a 
stranger  minister? — No,  surely.  And 
that  this  is  not  my  own  solitary  sen¬ 
timent,  but  a  feeling  of  the  most 
learned  in  the  Law,  the  case  of  Top- 
sai  and  Ferrers  will  abundantly  prove. 
Dr.  Gibson  says,  “  The  burial-fee  be¬ 
longs  to  the  minister  of  the  parish  io 
which  the  party  deceased  heard  divine 
service  aud  received  Sacraments , 
wheresoever  the  corpse  he  buried. 
And  this  (he  observes)  is  agreeable 
to  the  rule  of  the  Canon  Law,  which 
say 8,  that  every  one,  after  the  man¬ 
ner  of  the  Patriarchs',  shall  be  buried 
in  the  sepulchre  of  his  fathers.  Ne¬ 
vertheless,  if  any  one  desires  to  be 
buried  elsewhere,  the  same  shall  not 
be  hindered,  provided  that  the  ac¬ 
customed  fee  he  paid  to  the  minister 
of  the  parish  where  he  died In 
the  case  of  Topsal  and  Ferrers,  thn 
suit,  by  the  Hector  and  Churchwar¬ 
dens  of  St.  Botolph’s,  A  Id  gate,  was  for 
the  customary  tee  of  burying  in  the 
chancel  there,  because  the  person  died 
in  their  parish,  and  was  buried  in  the 
chancel  elsewhere.  And,  though  a 
prohibition  was  granted,  because  the 
custom  was  unreasonable,  yet  that 
unreasonableness  (says  Gibson)  was 
grounded  upon  the  person’s  being  only 
a  stranger ,  and  happening  to  die  in 
ihe  parish.  For  so  the  Report  it¬ 
self  expresses  the  ground  of  the  pro¬ 
hibition:  “It  is  against  reason  that 
he  who  is  no  parishioner,  but  may 
pass  through  the  parish,  or  lie  in  an 
inn  for  a  night ,  should  be  forced  to 
be  buried  there,  or  pay  as  if  he  were ; 
which  is,  in  effect,  a  recognition  of 
the  right ,  in  case  the  party  deceased 
hath  dwelling  in  the  parish." 

il.  The  next  exception  of  the  de¬ 
fendant  against  the  claim  under  con¬ 
sideration  was,  thati?  was  not  justified 
by  Custom .  Here,  however,  his  plea 
will  not  stand  a  moment.  I  appeal  to 
the  antiquity  of  the  custom:  I  appeal 
to  its  universality. 

1.  1 1  is  stated  in  Eccles.  Law  (  Lind. 
278.)  that  burial  ought  not  to  be 
sold  :  but  if  the  clerk  allege,  that  for 
every  dead  person  so  much  hath  beeo 
accustomed  to  be  given  to  the  minis¬ 
ter,  he  shall  recover  it.  And  “  ac- 


*  Burn’s  Eccles.  Law,  I.  248,  247. 

customer! 


*  Eccles.  Law,  I.  237.  4th  Edit. 


1318.] 

customed  to  be  given ”  is  explained — 
“  us  of  old,”  and  for  so  long  time  as 
•will  create  a  prescription — although 
at  first  given  voluntarily.  * 

This  much  for  the  Custom  which 
warrants  the  demand  of  that  as  a 
burial  fee  which  was  originally  a  vo¬ 
luntary  offering.  But  the  very  na¬ 
ture  of  the  voluntary  offering  shews 
that  it  was  given  to  the  minister  of 
the  parish  where  a  person  died  ; 
whether  he  was  buried  in  his  own 
parish,  b)  his  own  minister,  or  not. 
And,  w  hen  offerings  ceased  to  be  free¬ 
will  offerings,  and  became  claimable 
ices,  the  custom  of  paying  a  fee 
to  the  minister,  in  consequence  of 
the  burial  of  one  of  his  parishioners 
(not  as  a  remuneration  for  a  single 
act  of  duty,  but  as  a  reward  for  his 
services  in  general) — was  still  kept  up, 
and  kept  up  without  interruption. 

And,  as  far  as  my  little  experience 
will  go,  I  can  say,  that  both  in  Devon 
and  in  Cornwall  such  fees  have  been 
claimed  and  paid,  as  “  offerings  due 
to  parochial  ministers  from  time  im¬ 
memorial.”  The  old  clerk  of  St. 
Clement's  was  willing  to  bear  witness 
that  in  that  parish  it  was  so  paid. 
And  he  himself  had  paid  it  to  the  Vi¬ 
car  of  St.  Clement’s,  for  his  own  child, 
though  that  child  had  been  buried  by 
another  minister  in  another  parish. 

2.  As  to  the  universality  of  the 
Custom,  I  believe  there  is  little  room 
for  doubt.  Yet  an  effort  has  been 
made,  to  identify  the  burial  offering 
or  fee  with  what  is  called  a  mortuary 
—  a  payment  which  was  never  ge¬ 
neral,  and  which,  in  parishes  where  it 
was  paid,  was  confined  to  a  certain 
description  of  persons,  or  rather  of 
property. 

According  to  Dr.  Stillingfieet,  “  a 
mortuary  was  a  right  settled  on  the 
church,  upon  the  decease  of  a  cer¬ 
tain  member  of  the  church;  whilst 
burial-fees  were  offerings  made  at 
ftmerals  by  persons  of  all  ranks  and 
denominations-!-.”  “  In  ancient  times, 
a  man  might  not  dispose  of  his  goods 
by  will  without  first  assigning  therein 
a  sufficient  mortuary  to  the  Church. 
The  best  beast  was  given  to  the  Lord 
of  the  Manor,  the  second  best  to  the 
Church  where  the  deceased  received 
fcheSacramentswhiie  he  lived.  This  was 


*  Burn’s  Eccles.  Law,  I.  245,  24 G, 
t  Ibid.  II.  501. 


28 

usually  carried  to  the  Church  with 
the  dead  corpse.  And  Selden  quotes 
an  ancient  record,  where  it  is  recited, 
that  a  horse  was  present  at  the 
Church  the  same  day  with  the  corpse, 
in  the  name  of  a  mortuary,  and  that 
the  parson  received  the  horse.” 
Whilst  this  mortuary  payment,  then, 
exists  in  very  few  parishes  (to  speak 
comparatively)  the  burial-fee  is  al¬ 
most  general.  And,  where  the  mor¬ 
tuary. payment  is  to  be  recognized, 
it  co-exists  with  the  customary  burial- 
offering  or  fee:  it  has  in  no  instance 
whatever  superseded  the  burial-fee. 
At  Powderham  in  Devon,  they  were 
both  payable;  at  Kenton,  the  burial- 
fee  of  course,  but  no  mortuary.  At 
St.  Clement’s, Kenwyn,  and  St. Mary’s, 
no  mortuaries  are  payable;  but  th£ 
burial-fees  (in  the  manner  for  which 
I  have  been  contending)  have  been, 
always  recoverable  in  these  parishes. 
At  Manaccan  and  at  St.  Anthony,  no 
mortuary:  but  at  St.  Keverne  (a 
contiguous  parish)  mortuaries  have 
been  ever  paid  by  persons  of  certain 
property  ;  not  exempting  them,  how¬ 
ever,  from  the  customary  burial-fees, 
nor  in  the  least  degree  interfering 
with  those  fees,  I  cannot  but  ob¬ 
serve  (by  the  way)  that  so  universal 
ao  acquiescence  in  the  burial- offerings 
or  fees  shews  a  sense  of  their  being 
just  and  reasonable. 

III.  In  adverting  to  the  Statute - 
law  upon  the  subject,  I  shall  make 
but  short  extracts,  and  trouble  you 
with  very  few  observations. 

The  Act  of  Henry  VIII.  relating  to 
mortuaries  furnishes,  in  my  mind, 
most  satisfactory  proof  of  the  dis¬ 
tinction  between  a  mortuary  and  a 
burial-fee.  In  process  of  time,  it 
seems,  the  mortuary-claims  upon  pro- 
perty  were  considered  so  exorbitant 
that  a  statute  was  enacted  for  their 
limitation,  21  Henry  VIII.  (“See 
c.  6.]  The  Legislature  interfered  not 
with  offerings,  oblations,  or  obven- 
tions;  but,  instead  of  attempting  the 
regulation  of  these  customary  pay¬ 
ments,  at  Easter,  and  at  particular 
seasons,  such  as  the  times  of  mar¬ 
riages,  churchings,  christenings,  and 
burials,  left  the  quantum  of  each  to 
be  determined  by  long  usage,  till 
they  took  the  character  of  small 
fees,  payable  by  all  indiscriminately  ; 
among  others,  the  thirial-fee,  claim¬ 
able,  1  observed,  from  all,  on  the  de¬ 
cease  and  sepulture  of  relations  or 

friends, 


On  Burial-fees ,  Kc. 


-24 


Burial-fees ,  $u\ —  AWes  against  Contagion . 


[July, 


friends,-- from  all,  whether  rich  or 
poor. 

In  the  mean  time,  the  mortuary, 
recoverable  only  from  persons  of  pro¬ 
perty,  was  fixed  by  the  Act  of  Henry 
VJI1.  for  a  person  dying  of  the  value 
of  SO!,  and  less  than  40/.  at  6s.  8d.  ; 
for  a  person  of  the  value  of  40/.  at 
10s.  The  very  circumstance  of  the 
value  of  the  mortuary  being  propor¬ 
tioned  to  the  property  of  the  deceased 
dearly  shews,  that  burial-offerings  or 
fees  and  mortuaries  are  of  a  very  dif¬ 
ferent  description. 

Let  me  repeat,  then,  that  offerings, 
oblations,  and  obvenlions,  are  not 
mortuaries.  “  But  they  are  one  and 
the  same  thing  *,  comprehending  (to¬ 
gether  with  what  are  commonly  call¬ 
ed  Easter-offerings)  the  customary 
payments  for  marriages,  christenings, 
churehings,  and  burials.  Aud  by  the 
statute  [2  &  3  Edw.  VI.  c.  13.]  it  is 
enacted,  that  all  persons  shall  pay 
their  offerings,  &c.  to  the  parson,  vi¬ 
car,  &c.  where  they  shall  abide”  It 
appears  (according  to  a  comment  on 
these  words  of  the  Statute)  that  there 
were  occasional  oblations,  of  which 
some  were  free  and  voluntary,  but 
others  by  custom  certain  and  obliga¬ 
tory,  as  those  for  marriages,  chris¬ 
tenings,  churehings  of  women,  and 
burials.  Those  offerings  which  were 
voluntary  are  now  vanished,  and  are 
not  comprehended  within  the  afore¬ 
said  statate  ;  but  those  that  were 
customary  and  certain,  as  for  marri¬ 
ages,  christenings,  burials,  &c.  &c.  are 
confirmed  to  the  parish- priests,  vicars, 
and  curates  of  the  parishes  where  the 
parties  live ,  that  ought  to  pay  the 
same.” — “  These  oblations  were  due 
to  the  parson  of  the  parish  that  offi¬ 
ciated  at  the  mother-church.  But,  if 
they  were  paid  to  the  chaplain  of  an 
appending  chapel,  even  in  this  case, 
the  chaplain  was  accountable  for  the 
same  to  the  parson  of  the  mother- 
chu  relit 

By  7  &  8  W.  [c.  6.]  “  all  offerings, 
&c.  &c.  are  ordered  to  he  paid  to  the 
several  rectors,  vicars,  &c.  within  their 
several  parishes ,  according  to  the 
rights,  customs,  and  prescriptions 
commonly  used  within  the  said  pa¬ 
rishes  respectively.” 

It  is  observable,  that  neither  in 


*  Burn’s  Ecclcs.  Law,  III.  lp,  20. — 
See  also  Burn’s  Just.  IV.  362.  18th  Edit, 
f  Burn’s  Eccles.  Law,  IJI,  20,  21. 


this,  nor  in  any  other  Act  of  Parlia¬ 
ment,  are  our  church-fees  recognized 
but  as  offerings.  If,  in  truth,  they 
are  uot  offerings,  they  are  not  reco¬ 
verable  at  all,  either  in  the  temporal 
or  the  spiritual  courts. 

The  mortuary  is  recoverable  only  in 
the  Spiritual  Courts — the  burial-offer¬ 
ings  in  the  Temporal  Courts.  [13 
Edw.  I.]  See  Burn’s  Eccles.  Law,  II. 
506. 

Perhaps  the  above  extracts  and  ob¬ 
servations,  very  hastily  thrown  toge¬ 
ther,  may  lead  to  a  full  discussion  of 
the  subject  in  your  valuable  Miscel¬ 
lany. — But  any  cursory  hints  or  no¬ 
tices  will  oblige 

Your  old  acquaintance,  P. 

Rules  of  Safely  from  Contagion ,  and 
Regulations  to  exterminate  Conta¬ 
gious  Fevers.  By  John  Haygartb, 
.*/.  I).  F.  It.  S.  and  F.  R.  S.  E* 

IT  is  uot  generally  understood  to 
what  kind  and  degree  of  danger 
other  parts  of  the  British. dominions 
are  exposed  from  the  Typhous  Fever, 
which  has  spread  so  fatally  in  Ireland, 
and  in  some  towns  of  England  and 
Scotland. 

The  typhous  contagion  remains  in 
the  body  in  a  latent  stale  from  about 
the  10 th  to  the  V2d  day ,  reckoning 
between  the  time  of  exposure  to  the 
poison  and  the  commencement  of  the 
fever.  This  law  of  nature  I  disco¬ 
vered  in  1781,  from  observations  on 
72  cases.  It  was  fully  confirmed  by 
Dr.  Bancroft  in  1809,  from  observa¬ 
tions  on  99  cases.  He  observed  that 
the  latent  period  of  Typhus  varied 
from  the  1 3th  to  the  6S th  day.  Hence 
it  is  manifest  that  an  infected  person 
may  travel  in  perfect  health  from 
and  to  the  remotest  part  of  Ireland 
and  Britain.  The  increase  of  fever 
in  Liverpool ,  Glasgow ,  London ,  Sfc. 
is  thus  clearly  explained. 

At  this  time  of  alarm  and  serious 
danger,  I  desire  the  favour  of  you, 
Mr.  Urban,  to  republish,  in  your 
widely-circulated  pages,  the  follow¬ 
ing  Rules  of  safety  for  visitors  of 
infectious  families,  and.  Regulations 
to  exterminate  the  Typhous  fever. 

“  At  the  request  of  Sir  Thomas 
Bernard,  the  Society  for  Bettering 
the  Condition  of  the  Poor  gratui¬ 
tously  circulated  the  following  Rules 

*  Extracted  from  the  Bath  Chronicle 
of  June  24,  1818. 

and 


25 


1818.]  Rules  of  Safety  from  Contagion ,  Me. 


and  Regulations  to  prevent  Infec¬ 
tious  Fevers,  extracted  from  a  ma¬ 
nuscript  of  Dr.  Haygarth’s  with  his 
permission. 

“  Rules  of  Safety  from  Contagion, 

Intended  to  enable  Medical  and  Clerical 
Visitors  of  the  Sick  to  perform  their 
important  duties  with  safety  to  them¬ 
selves,  are  printed  by  the  Society  with 
a  view  to  their  being:  distributed,  so 
that  a  copy  may  be  put  up  in  every 
house  where  there  is  an  infectious 
fever.” 

“  It  may  be  'proper  previously  to  ob¬ 
serve  that  an  infectious  fever ,  in  a  small , 
close ,  and  dirty  room ,  is  caught  by  a 
very  great  proportion  of  mankind;  not 
less  than  22  out  of  23,  or  a  still  higher 
proportion;  but  in  a  large ,  airy ,  clean 
apartment ,  even  putrid  fevers  are  seldom 
or  never  infectious.  IVhen  this  poisonous 
vapour  is  much  diluted  with  fresh  air,  it 
is  not  noxious.  From  a  large  collection , 
and  an  attentive  consideration ,  of  facts 
relative  to  this  distemper ,  have  been 
formed  the  following  Rules. 

**  1.  As  safety  from  danger  entirely 
depends  on  cleanliness  and  fresh  air, 
the  room-door  of  a  patient  ill  of  an  in¬ 
fectious  fever,  especially  in  the  habita¬ 
tions  of  the  poor,  should  never  be  shut; 
a  window  in  it  during  the  day  ought  to 
be  frequently  opened  In  bad  cases,  a 
current  of  air,  between  a  window  and 
door  both  wide  open,  may  be  proper: 
if  the  air  be  very  cold  or  damp,  the  cur¬ 
tains  of  the  patient’s  bed  may  be  drawn 
close  during  this  ventilation,  should  pe¬ 
culiar  circumstances  require  such  cau¬ 
tion.  These  regulations  would  be  highly 
useful,  both  to  the  patient  and  nurses  ; 
but  are  particularly  important,  previous 
to  the  arrival  of  any  visitor. 

“  2.  The  bed-curtains  should  never 
be  close  drawn  round  the  patient  ;  but 
only  on  the  side  next  the  light,  so  as  to 
shade  the  face:  except  while  there  is  a 
current  of  air  between  a  window  and 
door. 

“  3.  Dirty  clothes,  utensils,  &c.  should 
be  frequently  changed,  immediately  im¬ 
mersed  in  cold  water,  and  washed  clean. 

“  4.  All  discharges  from  the  patient 
should  be  instantly  removed.  The  floor 
near  the  patient’s  bed  should  be  rubbed 
clean  every  day  with  a  wet  mop,  or 
cloth. 

“  5.  The  air  in  a  sick  room  has,  at 
the  same  time,  a  more  infectious  quality 
in  some  parts  than  in  others.  Visitors 
and  attendants  should  avoid  the  current 
of  the  patient's  breath, — the  air  which 
ascends  front  his  body,  especially  if  the 
bed  curtains  be  closed, — and  the  vapour 
Gent.  Mag.  July,  1818. 

4 


arising  from  all  evacuations.  When  me¬ 
dical  or  other  duties  require  a  visitor  to 
be  placed  in  these  situations  of  danger, 
infection  may  be  frequently  prevented  by 
a  temporary  suspension  of  respiration. 

((  6.  Visitors  should  not  go  into  an 
infectious  chamber  with  an  empty  sto¬ 
mach;  and,  in  doubtful  circumstances, 
on  coming  out,  they  should  blow  from 
the  nose,  and  spit  from  the  mouth,  any 
infectious  poison,  which  may  have  been 
drawn  in  by  the  breath,  and  may  ad¬ 
here  to  those  passages. — Jan.  23 d, 
1804.” 

Heads  of  a  Plan  for  the  Extermination 
of  Infectious  Fevers. 

Infectious  fevers  occasion  much  misery 
and  mortality  among  mankind:  they  pro¬ 
duce  the  greatest  wretchedness  in  poor  fa¬ 
milies;  but  persons  in  all  ranks  of  life 
are  in  some  degree  exposed  to  the  danger . 
This  fatal  pestilence  is  most  destructive  in 
large  towns ,  but  it  often  spreads  in  coun¬ 
try  villages  for  months  and  even  years 
together.  The  intelligent  and  benevolent 
inhabitants  of  any  place  may ,  however , 
with  ease  and  certainty ,  preserve  their 
poor  neighbours  and  themselves  from  in¬ 
fectious  fevers ,  and  all  their  calamitous 
consequences,  by  forming  themselves  into 
a  Society ,  and  by  providing  a  commo¬ 
dious  house ,  or  wards  for  the  reception  of 
such  patients ,  and  by  carrying  into  effect 
the  following 

REGULATIONS: 

“  I.  Let  a  reward  of  one  shilling  be 
given  to  the  person  who  brings  the  first 
information  to  the  society,  that  an  in¬ 
fectious  fever  has  attacked  any  family  ; 
let  this  reward  be  increased  to  two  shil¬ 
lings,  if  the  intelligence  be  given  within 
three  days  after  the  fever  first  began  in 
the  family. 

“  II.  Let  the  patient,  who  is  ill  of  the 
fever,  be  removed  to  the  hospital  on  the 
day  when  such  information  is  given. 
He  must  be  carried  in  a  sedan  chair  of  a 
peculiar  colour,  to  be  employed  solely 
for  this  purpose,  with  a  moveable  linen 
lining,  which  is  always  to  be  taken  out 
and  shaken  in  the  fresh  air  after  it  has 
been  used,  and  to  be  frequently  washed; 
let  the  sedan  be  constructed  in  such  a 
manner,  as  to  lean  backward  in  various 
degrees,  so  that  the  patients  may  lie  in 
a  recumbent,  or  half  recumbent  pos¬ 
ture,  as  may  best  suit  their  strength. 
A  main  purpose  of  the  society  will  be  to 
remove  from  the  infectious  house  the 
first  patient  who  is  attacked ;  and  as 
soon  as  possible. 

“  III.  The  house,  whence  the  patiem! 
is  removed  to  the  fever-ward,  must  be 
immediately  cleansed;  and  all  the  dirty 

clothes. 


26 


Rules  to  exterminate 

clothes,  utensils,  &c.  be  immersed  in 
cold  water.  When  the  clothes  are 
wrung  out  of  it,  they  must  be  ex¬ 
changed  for  a  time  with  clean  second¬ 
hand  clothes,  as  a  shirt  for  a  shirt,  a 
sheet  for  a  sheet,  &c.  to  be  supplied 
by  the  charitable  society.  Every  box, 
drawer,  &c.  in  the  infectious  .  house 
must  be  emptied  and  cleansed: — the 
floor  must  be  swept  clean,  and  then 
rubbed  with  a  wet  cloth  or  mop;  fresh 
air  must  be  admitted  so  as  to  pass 
through  the  chamber  between  a  door 
and  a  window*;  the  wails  must  be 
washed  clean  where  bedaubed  with  con¬ 
tagious  dirt. 

“  IV.  The  clothes  received  from  these 
poor  people,  wrung  out  of  the  cold  wa¬ 
ter,  must  be  again  washed  in  soap  and 
warm  water;  that,  when  patched  and 
cleaned,  they  may  be  again  employed. 

“  V.  A  medical  Inspector  should  be 
appointed  to  see  these  regulations  exe¬ 
cuted,  at  a  competent  salary ;  together 
with  certain  rewards  according  to  the 
success  of  his  measures: — he  should  be 
entitled  to  a  reward  of  for  each  fa¬ 
mily  which  has  been  preserved  from  in¬ 
fection  by  his  attention,  when  one  in  it 
had  been  attacked  by  the  fever. 

“VI.  Each  poor  family,  whose  house 
has  been  cleansed  as  here  directed  (ac¬ 
cording  to  a  certificate  from  the  inspec¬ 
tor ,  which  is  to  specify  every  circum¬ 
stance  above  mentioned  in  the  3d  regu¬ 
lation)  shall  be  intitltd  to  a  reward  of 
:  and,  if  the  remainder  of  the  fa¬ 
mily  continue  uninfected  for  six  weeks 
after  the  first  fever-patient  has  been  re¬ 
moved  to  the  hospital,  the  said  family 
must  be  intitled  to  a  farther  reward  of 
.  The  inspector  shall  give  the  fa¬ 
mily  a  promissory  note,  or  a  certificate, 
for  this  purpose. 

“  VII.  The  inspector  must  keep  a 
register  of  infectious  fevers,  upon  the 
same  plan  as  was  executed  with  success, 
for  six  years,  by  the  inspector  of  the 
Small  Pox  Society  at  Chester: — in  which 
is  entered,  in  separate  columns  of  a 
table,  1st,  the  patient’s  name;  2d, 
street ;  3d,  occupation  ;  4th,  when  the 
fever  began;  5th,  number  ill  of  fever  in 
each  family;  6th,  date  of  information; 
7th,  date  of  removal ;  8th,  whence  in¬ 
fected  ;  9th,  when  washed  and  aired; 

I  Oth,  family  infected,  or  preserved; 
Hth,  regulations  observed  or  trans¬ 
gressed. 


*  Might  not  a  leaden  casementor  other 
cheap  contrivance  be  fixed  in  the  top  of  a 
window  of  each  room,  at  the  expense  of 
the  landlord,  or  society,  to  supply  fresh 
air,  which  is  most  essential  for  the  pre¬ 
vention  of  infection  ? 


Contagious  Fevers.  [Jufyr 

* 

“  VIII.  Let  a  copy  of  these  Regula¬ 
tions  be  printed  upon  one  page,  and  be 
placed  in  every  house  infected  by  a 
fever,  and  in  every  house  in  the  neigh¬ 
bourhood,  which  is  in  danger  of  re¬ 
ceiving  the  infection.  By  such  instruc¬ 
tions,  poor  people  will  be  enabled  t,t>- 
give  timely  notice  to  the  society,  so  as 
to  avert  the  dreadful  calamities  which 
they  would  otherwise  suffer. 

“  The  benefit  of  these  regulations  to' 
preserve  poor  families  from  all  the  va¬ 
riety  of  wretchedness  occasioned  by  infec¬ 
tious  fevers,  will  be  exactly  in  proportion 
to  the  spirit  and  punctuality  with  which 
they  are  executed. 

“  The  zealous,  judicious,  and  success¬ 
ful  exertions  of  the  Board  of  Health  at 
Manchester,  in  17 afforded  the  f  ullest 
confirmation  of  the  principles  and  the 
practical  conclusions,  which  Dr.  H  ay- 
garth  has  detailed  in  Ids  letter,  lately 
published,  and  addressed  to  Dr.  Percivaf, 
on  the  prevention  of  infectious  fevers, 
p.  108,  109,  1 10.  The  facts  there  stated 
prove,  beyond  all  controversy ,  that  the 
regulations  above  recommended,  if  faith¬ 
fully  executed,  will  suppress  infectious 
fevers  in  a  most  wonderful  manner.  But 
it  is  manifest  that  fever-wards,  for  the 
reception  of  poor  people,  unaided  by  mea¬ 
sures  to  purify  their  habitations,  will  an¬ 
swer  this  purpose  in  a  very  imperfect 
manner. — 7th  May,  1802.” 

In  Chester,  as  in  most  large  towns, 
the  Typhous  fever  had  long  prevailed, 
hilt  was  generally  confined  to  the 
dwellings  of  the  poor.  In  1783,  it 
was  communicated,  and  was  fatal  to 
some  persons  of  higher  rank,  which 
occasioned  a  general  alarm  of  danger, 
as  all  were  then  manifestly  exposed  to 
it.  On  that  occasion  1  proposed  to 
receive  patients  ill  of  Typhus  into 
separate  wards  of  the  Chester  Infir¬ 
mary,  and  to  cleanse  their  houses 
from  all  contagious  dirt.  This  mea¬ 
sure  has  been  accomplished  with  com¬ 
plete  success.  In  this  manner,  Ty¬ 
phus  has  been  exterminated  from 
Chester  for  35  years,  though  fre¬ 
quently,  as  above  explained,  brought 
thither  by  persons  infected  in  other 
places.  In  October  1817,  Dr.  Edward 
Percival  visited  the  fever  wards  of  the 
Chester  Infirmary,  where  he  found 
only  two  patients,  and  one  of  them 
was  ill  of  an  inflammation  of  t lie- 
lungs.  He  asked  whether  there  were 
not  usually  more  patients  in  these 
wards,  and  was  answered  in  the  ne¬ 
gative.  Many  towns  have  followed 
the  example  of  Chester,  in  establish¬ 
ing  fever  hospitals;  but,  so  far  as  I 

know, 


27 


1818.]  Mules  to  exterminate  Contagions  Fevers . 


know,  few  or  none  of  them  have 
completely  executed  the  incompa¬ 
rably  more  important  regulations  of 
cleansing  the  dwellings  of  poor  pa- 
.iients  from  contagious  dirt.  In  towns 
where  even  fever  hospitals  themselves 
are  not  kept  clean,  nor  supplied  with 
fresh  air,  no  hope  whatever  can  he 
entertained  that  the  infectious  habita¬ 
tions  of  the  lower  orders  of  people 
will  receive  the  benefit  of  the  pro¬ 
posed  salutary  purification.  A  most 
intelligent  medical  friend  of  mine 
viewed  the  i'ever  hospital  at  Liver¬ 
pool  in  October  1817,  and  found  it  so 
close,  and  smelled  so  offensively,  as 
to  express  to  me,  repeatedly ,  his  ap¬ 
prehensions,  that  he  had,  by  that  vi¬ 
sit,  exposed  himself  to  much  danger 
of  infection.  The  newspapers  have 
since  announced  that  a  physician  of 
this  hospital,  Dr.  Borrow,  had  caught 
and  died  of  a  typhous  fever.  Dr. 
Carson,  the  other  physician  of  this 
ho.fyila!,  has,  since  that  time,  had  a 
fever  from  which  he  recovered.  In 
the  same  town  Dr.  Goldsmith  and  Mr. 
Cartdr,  surgeon  apothecary  to  the 
dispensary,  have  lately  died  of  the 
typhous  fever.  These  events  prove 
how  truly  and  how  accurately  an  es¬ 
timate  of  danger  from  infection,  had 
been  formed  by  my  medical  friend. 
,In  a  Dublin  hospital,  containing  many 
snore  patients  ill  of  Typhus ,  he  had  for 
five  years  attended  his  daily  duty,  as 
a  physician,  without  any  injury  or 
apprehension  of  danger,  merely  by 
requiring  strict  attention  to  cleanli¬ 
ness  and  ventilation. 

The  Rules  and  Regulations ,  above 
given,  do  not  depend  upon  conjec¬ 
ture,  hut  on  much  more  convincing 
evidence  than  most  other  kinds  of 
medical  and  philosophical  knowledge. 
They  are  founded  upon  facts 9  ob¬ 
served  by  myself,  and  confirmed  by 
the  testimony  of  many  impartial  and 
intelligent  medical  witnesses;  and 
upon  the  uniformity  of  the  laws  by 
which  contagion  spreads  among  man¬ 
kind.  Upon  these  data  calculations 
are  instituted  to  prove  the  truth  of 
these  practical  principles  to  the  high 
probability  of  hundreds,  indeed  many 
hundreds  to  one.  These  facts,  and 
conclusions  deduced  from  them,  were 
published  in  my  “  Letter  to  Thomas 
Percival,  M.D.  F.R.S.  &c.  of  Man¬ 
chester,  on  the  prevention  of  infec¬ 
tious  fever,  in  1801.”  Subsequent 
facts  have  occurred  to  roe,  which 


confirm  the  same  doctrine,  even  to 
demonstration,  as,  if  health  remain, 
I  purpose  to  explain. 

Being  fully  convinced  that  these 
Rules  and  Regulations  might  save 
many  lives,  and  preserve  the  lower 
orders  of  people  from  great  wretched¬ 
ness,  I  anxiously  request  that  they  may 
be  copied  by  Editors  of  Newspapers, 
and  other  periodical  publications, 
which,  by  the  general  diffusion  of 
knowledge,  are  become  so  highly  use¬ 
ful  and  honourable  to  this  age  and 
nation. 

On  the  probable  Illustration  of 

our  Records,  Public  Instruments , 

State-papers,  Books ,  fyc.from  the 

usages  of  the  East. 

Mr.  Urban, 

''HE  object  of  Harmer’s  volumes 
is  to  illustrate  the  Scriptures 
by  the  accounts  given  of  Palestine, 
the  East,  and  Egypt,  in  books  of 
voyages  and  travels.  But  Harmer’s 
style  is  almost  insupportably  tedious, 
it  is  triflingly  minute  concerning  the 
most  common  observations,  and  it 
abounds  with  repetitions.  His  work, 
consisting  of  2000  pages,  is  a  barn- 
full  of  chaff";  which  one  must  sift  for 
a  few  handfulls  of  seed-wheat.  How¬ 
ever,  even  for  a  few  good  grains,  it  is 
worth  the  labour  of  the  search.  The 
classics  too  may  he  illustrated  (as  he 
has  shewn)  in  the  same  way :  but 
many  of  our  civil  and  religious  usages, 
our  forms  of  doing  business,  and  of 
writing,  especially  as  to  public  instru¬ 
ments,  may  in  like  manner  be  illus¬ 
trated  as  remarkably. 

The  decrees  made  in  the  East,  are 
first  written  by  the  party  himself:  the 
Magistrate  only  authenticates  or  an¬ 
nuls  them.  “  When  an  Arab,”  says 
D’Arvieux,  “  wants  a  favour  from 
the  Emir,  the  way  is  to  apply  to  the 
Secretary,  who  draws  it  up  in  the 
words  of  the  petitioner.  If  the  Emir 
granted  his  request,  he  printed  his 
seal  upon  it ;  if  not,  he  returned  it 
torn.”  Sir  John  Chardin,  speaking 
of  Persia,  adds;  “the  first  Minister, 
or  he  whose  office  it  is,  writes  on  the 
side  of  it,  according  to  the  King’s 
will.”  (This,  by  the  bye,  is  our  le  rqi 
leveut.)  “  And  thereupon  it  is  trans¬ 
mitted  to  the  Secretary,  who  draws  up 
the  order  in  form.”  Thus  the  person 
who  draws  up  the  order  ?it  first,  ex¬ 
presses  the  will  of  the  party  in  an  offi- 


23  Illustration  of  Records,  Kc.  from  Eastern  Usages.  [July, 


cial  way.  The  superior  only  passes 
or  rejects  it  *. 

Generally  the  Orientals,  in  sealing 
letters,  use  ink  instead  of  wax.  Their 
seals  have  no  figure  engraved  upon 
them;  but  a  simple  inscription,  ora 
curiously  involved  cypher;  and  they 
stamp  inis  upon  paper.  Hence  our 
-  Monographs.  They  have  a  way  of 
*  thickening  the  ink  into  a  sort  of  paste, 
or  with  sticks  of  Indian  ink,  which  is 
the  best  paste.  This  explains  the 
passage  in  the  Revelations  ;  where¬ 
in  St.  John  describes  “  an  Angel  with 
the  seal  of  the  living  God,  and  there¬ 
with  multitudes  were  sealed  rn  their 
foreheads.” 

In  their  private  conveyances,  there 
were  always  duplicates.  One  writing 
was  sealed  with  solemnity,  and  was 
not  to  be  made  use  of  on  common 
occasions.  The  other,  called  the  open 
one,  might  be  perused,  or  mode  use 
of  at  pleasure.  This  was  either  a  copy 
of  the  sealed  deed,  or  else  a  certificate 
of  the  witnesses  in  whose  presence  the 
deed  of  purchase  was  signed,  that  is, 
sealed.  Sir  John  Chardin  says: 
“  after  a  contract  is  made,  the  ori¬ 
ginal  remaining  with  the  party,  a  copy 
of  it  is  made,  counter-signed  by  the 
Notary  only.  This  is  shewn  when¬ 
ever  it  is  required:  but  they  never  ex¬ 
hibit  the  other.” 

In  the  East,  they  roll  their  papers, 
and  do  not  fold  them;  because  iheir 
paper  is  apt  to  fret.  The  Egyptian 
papyrus  was  much  made  use  of;  the 
brittle  nature  of  which  made  it  pro- 
per  to  roll  up  tiieir  books,  &c.  This 
practice  was  continued  (as  is  always 
the  case)  long  after  they  came  to  use 
other  materials,  which  might  safely 
be  treated  in  a  different  manner. 
Many  of  the  fine  MSS.  discovered  in 
the  ruins  of  Herculaneum,  are  in 
rolls;  so  are  also  those  which  have 
been  taken  out  of  the  ancient  Egyp¬ 
tian  Mummies.  Numbers  of  Hie 


finest  Persian  and  Arabian  manuscripts 
are  written  upon  a  kind  of  thin  paste¬ 
board  ;  and  being  jointed  at  the  back 
and  front,  fold  up  like  pattern-cards. 
As  the  ancient  Jews  wrote  like  the 
Egyptians  on  linen,  they  must  have 
used  ink  (or  paint)  laid  on  with  hair- 
pencils,  fixed  in  canes  or  reeds;  their 
paper  not  bearing  such  pens  as  ours. 
But  the  style  or  graver  was  made  use 
of  to  cut  letters  on  wood,  metal,  and 
slate,  or  stone. 

The  Eastern  manuscripts  are  very 
highly  ornamented  ;  they  are  exqui¬ 
sitely  penned, and  magnificently  bound. 
Those  of  history  are  illustrated  with 
many  representations  in  miniature. 
The  expression  which  has  since  passed 
into  a  proverb  with  us  of  “  golden 
verses”  —  or  “  verses  worthy  to  be 
represented  in  letters  of  gold,”  this  is 
taken  from  the*  Eastern  practice  of 
writing  in  such  letters  every  thing  of 
superior  excellence.  The  greater 
part  of  the  books,  says  Maillist,  of 
the  royal  Mohammedan  library  in 
Egypt  (afterwards  destroyed  by  Sala- 
dine)  were  written  in  letters  of  gold, 
such  as  the  Turks  and  Arabs,  even  of 
our  time,  make  use  of  in  the  titles  of 
their  books.  And  a  little  after,  speak¬ 
ing  of  the  ignorance  of  the  modern 
Egyptians  as  to  the  burnishing  ofgold, 
so  that  their  gilding  has  nothing  of 
the  ancient  splendour,  he  adds,  that  to 
make  up  for  this  defect  they  have 
preserved  the  art  of  niaki  ng  gold  li¬ 
quid  and  fit  for  ink.  The  Editor  of 
Harmer  here  takes  notice  of  a  copy 
of  the  Koran  then  lying  before  him  ; 
which  besides  the  most  splendid  illu¬ 
minations,  has  the  beginning  and  end, 
(as  well  as  on  each  leaf  the  first,  mid¬ 
dle  and  last  line  of  every  page)  writ¬ 
ten  in  these  letters  of  gold.  Many 
other  copies  have  their  title-page,  and 
the  titles  of  the  chapters,  written  in 
golden  letters;  and  some  in  blue  and 
red  letters,  intermixed  with  the  golden 


*  Clergymen,  who  were  anciently  our  only  clerks,  and  who  were  acquainted  with 
the  Eastern  forms  through  the  medium  of  the  Papal  ones,  following  the  constitu¬ 
tions  of  the  German  and  Greek  Empire,  have  preserved,  with  some  transposition,  the 
above  form  in  the  original  draughts  of  Fiants,  and  Acts  ot  Parliament. 

Perhaps  the  true  principle  of  the  Benefit  of  Clergy  has  been  derived  to  us 
through  the  same  channel.  The  kings  of  Persia,  despotic  as  they  were,  could  not 
pardon.  In  Persia  the  law  must  take  its  course.  And  this,  Barrington  observes, 
may  be  what  is  meant  by  Scripture  in  the  passage  which  speaks  of  “  the  laws  of  the 
Medes  and  Persians  altering  not.”  Nor  is  it  any  exception  to  the  rule,  that  no 
man  was  ever  punished  for  the  first  offence.  But  this  is  not  the  only  particular  in 
which  that  observation  may  be  made  of  the  Orientals.  It  is  generally  true  of  them 
In  all  ages,  that  in  their  institutions,  customs,  and  character,  they  arc  fixed  and  un¬ 
alterable. 


ones. 


!  8 1 8.]  Illustration  of  Records,  8£c.  from  Eastern  Usages.  2r.} 


ones,  alternately.  Most  of  the  finer 
manuscripts  have  the  whole  surface  of 
the  paper  powdered  with  geld  ;  and 
each  page  is  framed  with  a  splendid 
border  of  gold,  blue,  and  red,  in  the 
finest  style  of  what  is  called  Ara¬ 
besque*. 

Sir  John  Chardin,  describing  the 
manner  of  dismissing;  the  ambassadors 
and  envoys  that  were  at  the  court  of 
Persia,  when  he  was  there  ;  after 
mentioning  the  presents  that  were 
made  them,  goes  on  to  inform  us  : 
that  the  letters  to  the  crowned  heads 
were  sealed  ;  that  to  the  Cardinal- 
Patron  was  open.  The  letter  to  the 
Pope,  was  much  larger  than  the  rest. 
It  was  inclosed  in  a  bag  of  very  rich 
brocade;  and  sealed  at  the  ends,,  which 
had  fringes  hanging  down  the  bag 
half-way.  The  seal  was  applied  to 
the  place  where  the  knot  was,  on  both 
sides,  upon  red  wax  of  the  diameter 
of  a  piece  of  fifteen  sols,  and  very 
thick.  Upon  one  of  the  sides  of  ihe 
hag,  in  the  middle  space,  were  inscrib¬ 
ed  two  Persian  words  that  signified 
“  a  royal  writing.” 

The  practice  of  these  kind  of  super¬ 
scriptions  may  serve  to  explain  a  pas¬ 
sage  in  the  Psalms:  “  In  Ihe  volume 
(or  on  the  volume)  of  the  book,  it  is 
written  concerning  me.”  This  alludes 
to  the  coming  of  the  Messiah,  The 
xsQclXic  (or  wrapper,  express¬ 

es,  it  is  thought,  the  word  we  trans¬ 
late  “volume.”  Every  Hebrew  book 
was  a  roll  ;  but  volume  means  the 
case,  or  enclosure,  on  which  the  sum 
and  substance,  or  the  title  of  the  book, 
were  written.  This  word  is  elsewhere 
translated  ev  rop^y  or  the  cylinder,  as 
it  is  apprehended:  which  was  either 
solid,  on  which  hooks  of  the  ancient 
form  were  roiled- — or  hollow,  In  inclose 
them.  Harmer  adds,  that  the  circle 
of  gold,  with  the  name  of  one  of  our 
Saxon  Princes  upon  it,  and  ornamented 
after  the  manner  of  those  times,  might 
have  been  designed  to  cap  the  end  of 
one  of  those  cylinders,  on  which  some 
book  belonging  or  relating  to  that 
Monarch  was  rolled,  or  in  which  it 
was  enclosed.  An  engraving  of  this 
piece  of  gold  is  given  at  the  latter  end 
of  the  7th  volume  of  the  Arch^iolo- 


gi a.  This  sort  of  capping  to  those 
cylinders  was  called  the  Ae>tel+. 

Another  meaning,  however,  to  the 
passage  in  the  Psalmist  might  be 
here  suggested:- — Book  may  stand  for 
the  whole  series,  or  system  of  roll*, 
on  one  subject — each  roll  forming  a 
distinct  volume,  section,  or  chapter. 
And,  in  a  nark  manner,  this  might 
have  been  said,  purposely  avoiding  to 
indicate  any  particular  place:  “  It  is 
to  be  found,  or  collected,  from  that 
hook,  if  studied  with  attention,  that 
the  Messiah  is  the  person  there  pro¬ 
phesied  of;  but  more  remarkably  and 
strikingly  in  one  passage.” 

The  bulrush,  out  of  which  the  pa¬ 
pyrus  was  made,  it  is  well  known, 
grows  in  Egypt  ;  it  rises  to  a  consi¬ 
derable  height,  having  its  stalk  fur¬ 
nished  with  several  films,  or  inner 
skins,  its  use,  for  the  purpose  of 
writing,  was  not  found  out  till  after 
the  age  of  Alexander.  Parchment 
was  a  still  later  invention  :  [Eumenes, 
of  Pergamus,  was  the  fust  who  made 
parchment  known.]  The  very  antient 
Egyptians  used  to  write  on  linen,  what¬ 
ever  they  designed  should  last  long;  and 
the  characters  on  ttiis  frail  material 
continue  to  this  nay,  as  we  are  assured 
by  those  who  have  examined  mum¬ 
mies  with  attention.  A  piece  ol  wri¬ 
ting  of  this  kind,  now  in  the  British: 
Museum,  was  taken  out  of  an  Egyp¬ 
tian  mummy.— The  linen  was  always 
first  primed,  or  painted  over,  before 
they  began  to  write  upon  it:  this 
rendered  it  liable  to  crack,  if  folded. 
Majllet  tens  us  of  a  mummy  which 
was  presented  to  him,  and  which  he 
opened  in  the  house  of  the  Capuchin 
Monks  at  Cairo  The  linen- filleting 
(or  bandage  rather,  for  it  was  of  con¬ 
siderable  breadth)  was  not  only  charged, 
from  one  end  to  the  other,  with  hiero- 
glyphieal  figures;  but  with  certain 
unknown  characters,  written  from 
right  lo  left,  and  apparently  in  a  kind 
of  verse.  These,  as  Maillet  sup¬ 
poses,  contained  the  eulogy  of  the 
person  whose  corpse  it  was  enclosed 
in,  written  in  the  language  current 
in  Egypt  at  the  time  in  which  the 
deceased  had  lived.  Some  part  of 
this  inscription  was  afterwards  copied 


*  Persian  MSS.  are  frequently  adorned  with  very  elegant  paintings  of  men,  women, 
birds,  beasts,  fishes,  armour,  musical  instruments,  &c.  in  illustration  of  the  diffe¬ 
rent  subjects  they  contain. 

f  The  custom  of  writing  some  expressive  word  or  sentence  (motto)  upon  the 
outside  of  books,  is  very  ancient  in  the  East. 


30 


On  the  distinctive  Character,  &c.  of  good  Musick .  [July, 


by  an  engraver  in  France;  the  fac¬ 
simile  was  sent  to  all  the  Virtuosi 
throughout  Europe,  that,  if  possible, 
some  one  or  other  might  decypher  it 
— but  no  such  person  could  be  found*. 

The  defect  of  police  in  Asia,  and 
the  revolutions  to  which  military  des¬ 
potisms  are  ever  liable,  gave  rise  to 
the  custom,  so  prevalent  in  the  East, 
of  burying  in  the  earth  writings,  as 
well  as  other  valuables.  For  similar 
reasons,  the  same  practice  prevailed 
throughout  Europe,  during  the  dark 
ages.  Money,  however,  and  not 
books,  were  the  favourite  deposit  of 
our  Gothic  ancestors.  Hence  Trea¬ 
sure-trove  was  so  important  a  title  in 
the  ancient  Law.  The  Egyptians  made 
use  of  earthern  urns,  w  hich  were  in¬ 
terred.  M  aiglet, describing  the  place 
into  which  they  used  to  bring  their 
<embal med  birds,  represents  it  as  a 
subterraneous  labyrinth, — from  which 
no  person  could  disengage  himself 
without  a  clue  of  packthread.  Its 
several  alleys  were  adorned,  on  each 
side,  with  many  small  niches,  in  which 
are  found  stone-vessels,  and  pots  of 
earth, enclosing  embalmed  birds,  which 
turn  to  dust  upon  being  touched. 
VY  hat  is  admirable  (if  true)  in  this 
account  is  —  that  all  the  variety  and 
liveliness  of  colouring,  in  the  p!  urn  age, 
are  in  the  freshest  preservation. 

Yours,  &c*  Yorick. 

Rcmarlcs  on  the  distinctive  Character 
and  essential  Qualities  of  good  M  usick. 

( Continued  from  Part  /.  p.  416.) 

HP  ME  main  drift  of  my  former  ob- 
JL  servations  on  this  subject  having 
been  to  prove,  that  without  a  certain 
pervading  melody  there  can  be  no 
real  excellence  in  any  musical  com¬ 
position,  1  shall  now  endeavour  to 
explain,  more  distinctly  than  1  have 
yet  do,ne,  what  I  particularly  mean 
by  that  expression.  And  with  this 
view  i  shall  at  once  remark,  that  then 


cognize  in  any  given  movement  the 
genuine  spirit  and  essential  properties 
of  melody ,  when  my  mind,  delightfully 
alfected  by  the  perceived  accordance 
of  the  several  successive  strains  already 
heard, leads  me  to  anticipate,  with  lively 
interest,  a  correspondency  of  character 
in  those  which  are  yet  to  come  ;  and 
that  as  I  find  these  latter,  in  any  par¬ 
ticular  instance,  either  coinciding  or 
at  variance  with  my  preconceived  ideas 
and  pre-excited  wishes,  so  do  I  feel 
myself  invariably  disposed  either  to 
approve  or  to  condemn. 

Now  it  is  precisely  on  this  prin¬ 
ciple  that  I  would  be  understood 
to  account  for,  and  to  justify  my 
utter  dissatisfaction  with  the  general 
style  of  our  modern  instrumental  mu¬ 
sick:  Because,  however  highly  my  ear 
may  he  occasionally  gratified  by  the 
peculiar  elegance  or  brilliancy  of  de¬ 
tached  passages;  yet  must  1  (express¬ 
ing  my  real  sentiments)  at  the  same 
time  explicitly  avow,  that  for  that 
happy  bond  of  union  which  is  to  com¬ 
bine  the  several  successive  parts  with 
such  admirable  skill  as  to  make  them 
all  conspire  to  the  eventual  production 
of  a  beautifully  consistent  whole,  1 
almost  always  seek  in  vain. 

But  the  musick  which  wants  this 
species  of  excellence,  when  compared 
will)  the  compositions  of  a  Stanley, 
a  Gemittiaui,  a  Corelli,  or  a  Handel, 
is,  to  iny  mind,  exactly  similar  in 
character  to  a  piece  of  water  which 
(from  being  devoid  of  any  determinate 
current  or  direction)  is  perpetually 
yielding  to  the  capricious  impulse  of 
every  passing  breeze,  when  compared 
with  the  weil-defiued  and  uniformly 
progressive  motion  of  the  natural 
mountain  stream. 

This  similitude,  indeed,  may  to  some 
minds  (it  is  not  improbable)  suggest 
an  inference  directly  opposite  to  the 
one  intended  :  for  as  the  most  ro¬ 
mantic  rivers  are,  unquestionably, 
those  whose  course  and  surface  un¬ 
dergo  the  most  numerous  and  most 


only  do  I,  for  my  own  part,  ever  re¬ 


*  “The  Pentateuch  of  Moses  was,  doubtlessly,  written  on  the  same  material  ; 
the  Commandments,  only,  were  written  on  stone.  This  distinction,  by  the  way, 
is,  either  mischievously  or  ignorantly  overlooked  by  Voltaire,  who  will  have  it, 
that  Moses  must  be  understood  to  have  engraven  the  whole  Pentateuch  on  stone 4 
1  his,  he  knew,  the  reader  would  conclude  at  once  to  have  been  impossible:  ergo, 
&c-” — In  imputing  ignorance  to  the  most  celebrated  writers — as  Hume,  Rousseau, 
Voltaire — we  shall  (twice  at  least  out  of  every  three  times)  be  not  far  from  the 
truth.  13r.  Johnson  being  asked  one  day,  by  a  Lady,  how  he  came  to  define  the 
word  paster?i  so  blunderingly  in  his  Dictionary?  honestly  answered — <(  it  was  pure 
ignorance,  Madam  ;  I  really  did  not  know  what  ittvas.” 


sudden 


1818.]  On  the  distinctive  Character,  &c.  of  good  Mustek.  31 


sudden  changes  and  inflexions,  why 
may  not  the  stream  of  modern  musick 
be  reasonably  deemed  susceptible  of 
variations  and  transitions  equally  ab¬ 
rupt  and  frequent,  without  the  slight¬ 
est  diminution  of  its  delightful  in¬ 
fluence,  and,  consequently,  without 
the  least  impeachment  of  its  asserted 
superiority  ? 

Now,  in  answer  to  this  suggestion, 
it  is  obvious  for  me  to  remark,  that 
although  1  see  no  valid  cause  whatever 
for  disapproving  in  the  one  instance 
what  we  so  much  and  so  deservedly 
admire  in  the  other;  yet  to  make  the 
two  cases  in  any  degree  parallel,  it 
is  indispensably  required,  that  the  se¬ 
veral  changes  and  transitions  above  al- 
luded  to  be  in  each  alike  appropriate. 

For  the  truly  discriminating  ear, 
mere  variety  in  musick  can  never 
possibly  have  any  charms.  Were  it 
otherwise,  musical  associations  the 
most  irregular  and  arbitrary,  nod  a 
general  style  of  composition  entirely 
destitute  of  any  consistent  and  dis¬ 
tinctive  character,  might  be,  in  all  in¬ 
stances,  advantageously  substituted 
for  the  coherent  and  chastely  modu¬ 
lated  strains  of  the  old  classic  school. 

So  far,  however,  is  this  from  being 
actually  the  case,  that  in  musick  (as 
in  every  other  department  of  the  fine 
arts)  that  which  constitutes  invariably 
the  principal  merit  of  the  piece  com¬ 
posed,  is  the  just  arrangement  and 
mutual  dependency  of  all  the  several 
parts;  such  arrangement  and  depen¬ 
dency,  I  mean,  as  make  each  of  those 
parts  produce  the  designed  impression 
on  the  hearer’s  mind,  far  less  through 
its  own  individual  force  qr  excellency, 
than  in  virtue  of  its  obvious  and  com¬ 
plete  accordance  with  the  rest. 

Viewing,  therefore,  the  present  sub¬ 
ject  in  this  light,  so  far  am  I  from 
allowing  to  the  fashionable  musick  of 
the  day  any  superior  variety  of  melody, 
that  with  no  one  defect  or  fault  do  i 
esteem  it  so  justly  chargeable,  as  with 
unusual  and  extreme  poverty  in  that 
particular. 

Such  is  the  judgment  which  my 
own  feelings  commonly  prompt  me 
to  pronounce,  afier  having  witnessed 
(auribus  invitis)  some  of  the  most  ad¬ 
mired  pieces  of  modern  instrumental 
musick. 

In  confirmation  of  which  judgment 
1  shall  content  myself,  at  present,  with 
adverting  to  a  circumstance  that  I  am, 
for  my  own  part,  seriously  inclined  to 


look  upon  as  little  less  than  absolutely 
decisive  of  the  question  now  at  issue. 

What  1  here  allude  to  (as  constitu¬ 
ting  one  of  the  most  striking  pecu¬ 
liarities  in  the  general  character  of 
our  modern  instrumental  musick)  is 
the  immoderate  and  unprecedented 
length  to  which  its  several  movements 
are  commonly  extended.  It  is  this 
(whenever  1  am  doomed  to  witness  it) 
by  which  ray  feelings  never  fail  of 
being  irreconciieably  offended.  Nor 
do  1  find  it  at  all  difficult  to  assign  the 
real  cause  of  such  offence: 

For  the  least  reflection  on  the  sub¬ 
ject  suffices  to  convince  me,  that  no 
individual  movement  can  ever  be  ex¬ 
tended  beyond  certain  moderate  limits, 
and  still  retain  the  character  of  truly 
melodious  and  chastely  impressive 
musick : 

Because  such  movement,  when  so 
extended,  must  necessarily  become  ob¬ 
noxious  to  one  or  other  of  these  two 
charges:  it  will  either  deviate  into 
strains,  bearing  little  or  no  affinity  to 
the  original  or  fundamental  air;  or 
it  will  deservedly  incur  the  equal  cen¬ 
sure  due  to  monotonous  repetition. 

I  grant,  indeed,  upon  reflection, 
that  there  is  a  third  method  of  musical 
composition,  by  which  the  author  of 
any  given  piece  may,  with  equal  ease 
and  certainty,  secure  himself  effectu- 
ally  against  each  of  Ihe  preceding 
imputations.  For  he  has  only  to  com¬ 
pose  what  bears  no  perceptible  rela¬ 
tion  to  any  specific  strain  of  melody, 
and  (like  the  daring  navigator,  who 
hesitates  not  to  launch  his  bark  upon 
the  boundless  ocean,  without  pre¬ 
scribing  to  himself  any  determinate 
course  or  destination)  he  may,  with 
the  utmost  facility,  prolong  each 
several  movement  to  an  almost  inde¬ 
finite  extent,  without  incurring  the 
least  danger  of  offending  in  either  of 
the  ways  above  denounced. 

Yours,  &c.  Oxoniensis. 

F.  S.  Should  the  Reader’s  curiosity 
render  him  desirous  of  being  presented 
with  a  striking  exemplification  of  this 
latter  ingenious  method  of  musical 
composition,  hehas  only  to  glanceoyer 
the  1st  and  2nd  Grand  Symphonies  of 
Beethoven,  and  he  will  therein  find  nine 
several  movements  averaging  (“  hor- 
resco  referens”)  no  fewer  than  319  bars; 

Whereas  referring  to  the  four  very 
longest  movements  in  Opera  3d,  Con¬ 
certo  1  and  2  of  Geminiani;  in  Opera 
3d,  Concerto  1  and  2,  of  Handel  ;  and 

in 


I 

On  the  Chromatic  Seale ,  o (c.  [July, 


in  the  1st  and  2nd  Great  Concerti  of 
Corelli  (the  only  correspondent  pieces 
of  these  once  comparatively  great 
composers,  to  which  I  chance  to  have 
immediate  access),  he  will  find  the 
average  number  ol  bars  not  exceed¬ 
ing  G6. 

[To  be  continued .] 

Mr.  Urban,  Norwich ,  July  6. 

S  I  never  write  for  victory  unless 
connected  with  Truth,  I  am 
very  ready  to  allow,  that  1  misunder¬ 
stood  M  r.  Hawkins’s  meaning  as  to  the 
Greek  Chromatic  Scale  proceeding  by 
Semitones;  as  I  was  not  aware  that 
by  proceeding ,  he  meant,  the  compu¬ 
tation  was  made  by  semitones. 

At  the  time  1  addressed  Mr.  H.  I 
had  not  Wallis’s  Works  by  me;  uor 
did  I  recollect,  that  the  writings  to 
which  1  alluded,  were  contained  in 
the  third  vol.  of  Dr.  Wallis’s  Works. 
An  Article  in  the  Encyclop,  Britan- 
nica,  last  edition,  written,  I  ima¬ 
gine,  by  the  famous  Dr.  Robinson,  was 
more  powerfully  impressed  on  my 
mind,  than  the  passages  in  the  Greek 
writers  on  music  (which  I  shall  quote 
below),  and  induced  me  to  say,  that 
if  Mr.  Hawkins  consulted  them,  he 
would  find  no  reason  assigned  for  their 
giving  one  of  their  scales  the  title  of 
Chromatic — the  passage  runs  thus; 

r‘  Chromatic:  a  kind  of  music  which 
proceeds  by  several  semitones  in  suc¬ 
cession  ;  the  word  is  derived  from  the 
Greek  XpufAa,  which  signifies  colour. 
For  this  denomination  several  causes 
are  assigned,  of  which  none  appear  cer¬ 
tain,  and  all  equally  unsatisfactory.  In¬ 
stead,  thejefore,  of  fixing  upon  any,  we 
shall  otfer  a  conjecture  of  '  our  own; 
which,  however,  we  do  not  impose 
upon  the  reader  as  more  worthy  of  his  at¬ 
tention  than  any  of  the  former.  Xpo>/u.x 
may  perhaps  not  only  signify  a  colour > 
but  the  shade  of  a  colour,  by  which  it 
melts  into  another,  or  what  the  French 
call  nuance.  If  this  interpretation  he 
admitted,  it  will  be  highly  applicable  to 
semitones,  which  being  the  smallest  in¬ 
terval  allowed  in  the  Diatonic  Scale  will 
most  easily  run  into  another.” 

Encyc.  Brit. 

Notwithstanding  so  many,  perhaps 
»Ik  the  Editions  of  Schrevelius’s Lexi¬ 
con  gwe  seco  as  one  of  the  meanings 
cf  N pkw,  might  it  not  have  been  a  mis- 
prini  for  saucio.  I  find  ho  such 
meaning  annexed  to  this  word  in 
S'ephen’a  Thesaurus,  nor  in  such 


other  Lexicons  as  I  have  had  an  op¬ 
portunity  of  consulting.  Will  not 
Mr.  Hawkins  allow  that  the  opinion 
of  the  Greek  writers  with  respect  to 
their  own  scale  is  of  more  weight  than 
a  very  fur-fetched  meaning  ofXgaw? 

To  them  therefore  1  shall  refer:  as 
I  find  them  in  Wallis.  Op.  Vo!.  III. 

<£  Claudius  PtolomiBus,  says,  ‘  A  ge¬ 
nus  in  harmony  is,  how  the  sounds 
which  compose  the  Diatessaron,  are 
related  to  each  other.  But  the  first 
distribution  of  a  genus  is,  as  it  were* 
twofold:  as  Ihe  one  is  more  soft ,  the 
other  more  intense.  The  more  soft 
is  that  which  consists  of  closer  inter¬ 
vals,  the  more  intense  that  of  wider 
intervals.  The  second  Division  is 
threefold  ;  a  third  being  interposed 
intermediate  between  the  other  two : 
and  this  is  called  the  Chromatic  ge¬ 
nus  of  the  other  two,  that  is  called 
the  Enharmonic  which  is  more  soft; 
Diatonic  that  which  is  more  intense. 
Wallis.  Op.  vol.  III.  p.  30. 

“  Porphyry,  in  his  commentary  on 
Ptolemy’s  Enharinonics,  says,  *  the 
Diatonic,  Ihe  Enharmonic,  and  the 
middle  of  both,  the  Chromatic;  which 
for  this  reason  I  believe  was  called 
chromatic.’ 

“  Bryennius  says,  ‘  the  Enharmonic 
genus  is  that  which  abounds  in  the 
least  intervals;  the  Diatonic  that 
which  abounds  in  tones.  The  Chro¬ 
matic  that  which  proceeds  by  middle 
intervals.  For  as  that  which  is 
intermediate  between  black  and 
white,  is  called  Chroma ,  so  that 
which  is  intermediate  between  these 
two  genera  is  called  Chromatic.’ 
p.  S8T 

Aristides  Q.uintiiianus  speaks  to  the 
same  purpose.  Vide  Sir  John  Haw¬ 
kins’s  Hist,  of  Music,  vol.  I.  p.  190. 

If  M r.  Hawkins  isdisposed  to  favour 
me  with  a  private  correspondence  on 
Musical  subjects,  he  will  find  me  read? 
to  imparl  any  musical  information  i 
may  have  obtained  from  every  Trea¬ 
tise  on  Music  I  could  meet  with,  from 
the  age  of  19  to  58. 

Yours,  &c.  C.  J.  Smyth. 

On  Eccentricity  of  Character. 

WE  are  told  that  Plato  having 
upon  a  certain  occasion  invited 
Diogenes  the  Cynicto  partake  of  anen- 
tertainment  in  conjunction  with  other 
friends,  that  clownish  philosopher  im¬ 
mediately  proceeded  to  soil  the  carpets 
and  other  furniture  with  his  feet,  ex¬ 
claiming 


33 


1818.] 


On  Eccentricity  of  Character . 


claiming  with  unparalleled  rudeness 
and  effrontery,  “  1  trample  on  the 
pride  of  Plato.”  To  which  the  other, 
with  the  utmost  calmness,  replied, 
(i  But  with  greater  pride.”  Although 
the  life  and  manners  of  Diogenes 
exhibited  a  coarseness  and  humour 
peculiar  to  himself,  he  stands  by 
no  means  singular  in  those  habits 
which  announce  au  originality  of 
temper  in  their  possessor.  Many  of 
the  sages  of  early  antiquity  among 
the  Greeks  were  distinguished  by 
caprices,  which,  if  (hey  were  by  no 
means  always  indicative  of  magnani¬ 
mity,  or  true  wisdom,  betrayed  yet 
a  determination  of  walking  iu  a 
path  different  from  the  rest  of  man¬ 
kind.  Thus  Menippus  and  Aris¬ 
tippus,  Leucippus  and  Democritus, 
Chrysippus  and  Zeno, — whatever  ex¬ 
cellencies  they  may  -otherwise  have 
taught, — certainly  combined,  in  the 
doctrines  which  themselves  and  their 
followers  professed,  many  strange  no- 
anti8  irreeonc‘leable  to  sound  sense, 

... !  4,“\tive  of  effects,  in  their  out¬ 
ward  conduct 


means  consonant  wi 


practice,  by  no 
•  i  *'*■  *hp  rules  of 

right  reason.  The  two  first  j|iesf. 
especially,  may  be  said  to  have  rat!.Q’ 
stept  aside,  than  have  risen  above  the 
usual  line  of  thought  and  of  action 
in  their  felicw-men,  and  to  have 
wasted  in  the  exercise  of  vain  ostenta¬ 
tion  those  talents  which  might  really 
have  excelled  in  a  higher  sphere  of 
philosophy.  If,  however,  Diogenes, 
and  several  other  illuminuti  of  an- 
tient  Greece,  mistook  uncouth  man¬ 
ners  and  eccentric  habits  of  living  for 
wisdom  and  a  dignified  deportment; 
instances  may  be  found  in  the  modern 
world,  and  among  the  ranks  of  social 
hfe,  where  the  same  mistaken  notions 
have  prevailed  in  times,  it  may  be  said, 
when  the  principles  of  correct  think¬ 
ing  have  been  more  generally  diffused, 
and  after  multiplied  examples  for 
their  better  instruction  have  been  ex¬ 
hibited  to  the  world.  Among  the  ju¬ 
dicious  and  the  weil  informed,  persons 
whose  experience  may  be  supposed 
to  have  taught  them  wisdom,  and 
whose  matured  judgment  is  prompt 
in  detecting  the  marks  of  folly  in 
others,  there  exist,  and  have  always 
existed,  characters,  who  yet  seem  to 
place  an  unaccountable  satisfaction 
m  bearing  the  title  of  singularity, 
and  in  differing  in  manners,  dress,  and 
actions,  from  all  who  are  about  them. 

Gent,  Mag.  Ju/y,  1818. 

5 


Johnson  has  remarked  concerning 
Newton,  that  he  stood  alone,  merely 
because  he  had  left  the  rest  of  man¬ 
kind  behind  him,  not  because  he  de¬ 
viated  from  the  beaten  track.  This 
Philosopher  stood  aloof  from  his 
counlrymeu  in  Science;  he  soared  to 
regions  untried  and  unthought  of,  in 
his  hours  of  research  ;  but  he  sought 
not  a  distinction  from  the  assumed 
air  of  a  recluse  or  of  a  misanthropist; 
in  little  did  he  differ  in  private  and 
social  conversation  from  multitudes 
of  others,  who,  although  they  came 
far  short  in  genius,  were  yet  men  of 
intellectual  habits: — the  strength  of 
his  capacity,  and  the  boldness  of  his 
views,  were,  therefore,  the  prevail¬ 
ing  marks  or  features  which  caused 
his  notoriety. 

With  so  illustrious  an  example  be¬ 
fore  us,  it  will  at  once  be  seen,  that 
the  most  transcendant  abilities  will 
sometimes  be  ennobled  by  the  gentler 
virtues  and  the  most  unassuming  de¬ 
meanour.  If  it  be  still  pleaded  that 
superiority  of  mind  may  justly  ex¬ 
cuse  the  neglect  of  social  duties  and 
the  flagrant  omission  of  mutual  offices 
which  the  concurrent  testimony  of 
civilized  mankind  has  framed  and  ap¬ 
pointed;  the  opinion,  and  practice 
of  ^any  of  our  greatest  meu, — per¬ 
sons  wiiow,  comprehensive  genius  has 
equally  excelled  in  experimental  re¬ 
searches,  and  in  the  moral  study  of 
their  own  species, — will,  from  their 
number  and  weight,  sufficiently  shew 
that  such  things  are  rather  foils,  than 
necessary  characteristics. 

It  has  too  frequently  been  a  settled 
opinion  with  some,  that  a  certain  ec¬ 
centricity  of  behaviour  imparts  an 
appearance  of  abstraction  and  indif¬ 
ference  to  extrinsic  objects,  which,  in 
powers  that  are  well  known  to  rise 
rather  above  the  ordinary  standard, 
will  generally  pass  for  a  mental  ab¬ 
sorption  which  cannot  stoop  to  the 
observance  of  meaner  things.  But  if 
such  personages  were  properly  to 
exercise  that  capacity  of  which  they 
boast,. — if  they  employed  their  ac¬ 
quired  stock  oi  knowledge  in  mak¬ 
ing  just  deductions  concerning  the 
propriety  and  end  of  obligation,  and 
moral  existence,  they  would,  at  ooce, 
be  sensible,  that  every  step  of  ad¬ 
vance  they  made  in  this  affectation 
ol  singularity,  was  an  aberration  from 
that  good  sense  by  which  they  would 
fain  rise  distinguished. 


Those 


34 


On  Eccentricity  of  Character. — u  The  Detected [July, 


Those  persons,  therefore,  who  seek 
a  distinction  in  an  eccentricity  of  be¬ 
haviour  and  appearance,  should  be 
told,  that  they  are  precisely  on  that 
account  rather  the  objects  of  ridicule. 
What  they  assume  as  an  honourable 
mark  of  superior  wisdom,  constitutes 
their  weakness,  or  their  folly  ;  so  far 
from  its  reflecting  dignity  upon  them, 
it  narrows  their  sphere  of  intellectual 
usefulness,  and  renders  those  powers 
which  would  imbibe  a  lustre  from 
being  agreeably  communicated,  dim 
from  the  sordid  medium  through 
which  they  shine. 

There  are,  however,  among  men 
of  peculiarly  studious  habits,  many 
who  possess  such  a  contexture  of 
mind  as  to  be  necessarily  buried  in 
contemplation  at  times  when  it  is 
least  expedient.  Thus,  that  absence 
of  mind  which  has  so  frequently  been 
pointed  out  by  writers,  has  hurried 
sensible  and  judicious  men  into  lu¬ 
dicrous  mistakes,  incompatible  with 
that  dignity  in  behaviour  and  ap¬ 
pearance,  which  they  would  wish  to 
hold  forth  to  the  world.  Some  are, 
to  all  appearance,  frequently  wrapt  in 
such  ill-timed  speculations,  that  their 
sense  of  perception  is  absolutely 
shut  to  all  that  is  passing,  or  thy*- 
has  lately  passed  in  their  prese^e»  ,n 
which,  however,  an  atten4*on  t°  so' 
cial  claims  would  u<ge  them  to  take 
an  active  share  ;  and  therefore  may 
be  thought  easily  to  become  the  sport 
of  accident,  or  the  dupe  of  artifice. 
Instances  have  been  by  no  means 
wanting  of  this  strange  forgetfulness; 
and,  if  in  the  moments  ot  common 
and  active  life,  we  find  such  oblivious 
habits  prevailing,  we  may  easily  cre¬ 
dit  what  is  related  of  the  great  Bacon, 
whose  servants,  we  are  assured  by  one 
of  his  biographers,  might  often  steal 
money  from  one  end  of  the  table, 
whilst  he  sat  silent  and  abstracted 
at  the  other. 

With  Bacon,  whose  thoughts  may 
be  supposed  to  have  been  perpe¬ 
tually  employed  upon  those  mighty 
schemes  of  reformation  and  disco¬ 
very  which  were  upon  the  eve  of 
bursting  into  birth,  this  may  have 
been  expected ;  but  few  besides  him 
can  plead  a  similar  situation.  When 
an  excess  of  abstraction  designates 
the  conduct  and  character  of  an  in¬ 
dividual,  it  becomes  a  fauit ;  if  his 
abilities  be  of  a  more  than  ordinary 
growth,  he  injures  society,  by  shut¬ 


ting  up,  for  the  most  part,  every 
avenue  to  mutual  intercourse;  if  only 
the  affectation  of  wisdom  prompts  his 
singularities,  he  must  incur  the  con¬ 
tempt  of  ail  who  are  capable  of  dis¬ 
criminating  between  genuine  diguity 
of  character,  and  the  empty  assump¬ 
tions  of  pedantry. 

“  THE  DETECTED.” — No.  VII. 

- multaque  pars  mei 

Vitabit  Libitinam.  Hor. 

“  The  greater  part  of  me  will  fate  avoid.” 

HAT  the  wish  to  survive  even 
our  own  mortal  selves,  is  the 
instinct  that  raises  our  being  be¬ 
yond  the  merely  animal  particle,  and 
marks  its  immortal  nature,  is  the  re¬ 
mark  of  our  finest  Poet  that  ever 
painted  moral  nature  with  the  tints 
of  his  Elegy.  This  feeling  has  been 
universally  confessed  by  the  ancient 
monuments,  that  speak  for  themselves 
in  the  first  person,  “  from  the  tomb, 
the  voice  of  Nature” — .this  feelio- 
naturally  wishes  to  announce 
virtues  in  the  Ian?.-*-  °r  Tru,bj 
truth  is  the  virtues,  and 

therefore wWn  highest  reward. 

Pj  monuments  the  result  of  ex¬ 
perienced  and  best  advice  is  often 
collected  and  inculcated.  It  would 
be,  perhaps,  not  superfluous  to  select 
an  epitaph  from  the  first  repository 
of  Poetic  wisdom,  the  Anthologia; 
but  the  best  selection  would  be  to 
refer  the  reader  to  it,  to  peruse  with 
attention,  and  make  his  own  choice, 
by  which  he  will  improve,  and  per¬ 
haps  form  his  taste.  I  can  only  ad¬ 
vise  him  to  pursue  his  journey,  and 
his  search:  it  is  necessary  in  pursuits 
to  lose  no  time;  not  to  stop;  it  may 
be  dangerous,  and  from  his  expe¬ 
rience  he  may  say  in  the  language  of 
the  shipwrecked,  when  it  is  too  late, 

*Naun,yy  Toltyog  stjul,  ad  kou  'tctAee  xou  ydg 
oU  w/j.Eig 

OAXu/xeQ’,  at  Xot7rat  vrieg  ettovIotto^v. 

lam  the  tomb  of  a  shipwrecked — you 
also  suit  on  ;  for  we  are  lost ,  when  the 
other  ships  have  passed  over  the  sea. 
So  that  even  Idleness  itself  is  hazard¬ 
ous.  The  morality,  conveyed  by  these 
inscriptions,  was  the  shortest,  and 
therefore  the  most  useful ;  for  advice 

*  Hoc  ita  celeberrimus  Johnsonus  noster: 

Naufragus  hie  jaceo ;  fidens  tamen  utere 
velis ; 

Tutum  aliis  aequor,  me  pereunte,  fuit. 

cannot 


35 


1818.]  u  The  Detected.  ’  ’ — Parochial  Lending  Libra  ries . 


cannot  he  of  much  use  unless  retained, 
as  medicine  that  is  the  longest  retained 
in  the  system  is  beneficial,  in  propor¬ 
tion  as  its  virtues  are  more  gradually 
digested,  and  radically  communicated. 

Another  description  of  these  monu¬ 
ments  are  those  that  elucidate  historic 
truth,  by  relating  victories  and  events, 
or  marking  and  establishing  the  chro¬ 
nological  truth  by  the  relation  of  con¬ 
temporary  facts. 

Sorrow  is  to  be  implied  in  every 
monument:  if  it  is  not  merited  by 
truth,  it  is  a  recorded  falsity  —  when 
regret  is  dwelt  upon  with  artificial 
sincerity,  it  affords  an  inference  of 
its  not  being  merited. 

Epitaphs  may  be  descriptive  of  some 
personal  peculiarity,  and  remarkable 
feature  of  the  cause  that  carried  off 
the  deceased.  And  here  1  cannot  help 
communicating  from  Martial  a  beau¬ 
tiful  epigrammatic  epitaph,  upon  a 
female  child,  who  suffered  by  a  cancer. 
It  marks  the  peculiar  fate,  and  pecu¬ 
liar  regret  adapted  to  a  person  so 
carried  oft’. 

*/Eolis,  heu!  Canace  jacet  hoc  tumulata 
sepulchre, 

Ultima  cui  parvas  septima  venit  hyems. 
Ah  scelus!  ahfacinus!  properas  quid  flere, 
viator  ? 

Non  licet  hie  vitae  de  brevitate  queri. 
Tristius  est  leto  leti  genus;  horrida  vultus 

Abstulit,  et  tenero  sedit  in  ore  lues: 
Ipsaque  crudeles  ederunt  oscula  morbi, 

Nec  data  sunt  nigris  tota  labella  rogis. 
Si  tam  praecipiti  fuerant  ventura  volatu, 

Debuerant  alii  fata  venire  vii. 

Sed  mors  vocis  iter  properavit  claudere 
blandae, 

N&  posset  duras  flectere  lingua  deas. 

Mr.  Urban,  \ Hath,  June  1. 

AVING  frequently  seen  in  your 
Magazine  different  proposals 
for  Parochial  Libraries  for  the  use  of 
the  lower  orders  of  society,  I  am 
happy  to  send  you,  not  a  proposal, 
but  a  plan  already  begun  to  be  put 
into  execution  under  the  auspices  of 
the  Bath  “  District  Society  for  Pro¬ 
moting  Christian  Knowledge.”  At  no 
great  distance  of  time  I  trust  that 


we  shall  hear  of  similar  Institutions 
being  established  throughout  the  king¬ 
dom.  The  only  thing  required  to 
render  them  universally  popular  is  a 
greater  variety  of  useful  and  enter¬ 
taining  books  and  tracts ;  and  as  the 
parent  society  has  promised  to  enlarge 
its  present  list  of  tales  and  biography, 
we  may  soon  hope  to  see  this  plan 
carried  into  full  effect.  The  first  of 
these  libraries  contains  38  bound 
books,  and  290  tracts  bound  in  55 
vols.  The  second  contains  28  bound 
books,  and  123  tracts  bound  in  24 
vols.  The  third  contains  12  bound 
books,  and  72  tracts  bound  in  15  vols. 
Room  will  be  left  in  each  box  for  such 
books  of  general  amusement,  as  the 
Society  may  hereafter  authorize. 

A  Member  of  the  “  Society  for 
promoting  Christian  Knowledge.” 

Resolutions  passed  by  the  Bath  District 
Committee  of  the  Society  for  promoting 
Christian  Knowledge,  relative  to  the 
establishment  of  Parochial  Lending 
Libraries  in  the  Archdeaconry  of  Bath. 
Resolved,  That  Boxes  of  three  diffe¬ 
rent  sizes,  containing  the  books  and 
tracts  mentioned  in  the  subjoined  lists, 
(the  tracts  being  bound  in  volumes,)  be 
furnished  to  Parishes  within  this  district, 
contributing  the  several  sums  of  11.,  4 1., 
or  2/.  respectively,  the  Committee  taking 
upon  themselves  the  expence  of  the  box, 
with  a  lock  and  key. 

That  no  such  boxes  be  furnished  to 
any  Parish,  but  on  a  requisition  from  the 
incumbent  or  officiating  minister. 

That  no  further  aid  be  given  by  this 
Committee,  unless  in  extreme  cases, 
upon  a  statement  from  the  minister  of 
the  population  of  the  Parish,  and  of  its 
inability  to  contribute  as  above. 

That,  under  such  circumstances,  any 
further  aid  be  regulated  by  the  urgency 
of  the  case,  and  the  state  of  the  Com¬ 
mittee’s  funds. 

That  every  box  be  accompanied  by  a 
printed  catalogue  of  the  books  therein 
contained,  to  be  made  public  for  the  in¬ 
formation  of  the  parishioners. 

That  the  Committee  will,  on  applica¬ 
tion  from  the  minister,  replace  any 
book  or  volume  of  tracts  which  may 
have  been  lost,  or  materially  injured, 


*  She  lies  buried  in  this  tomb,  whom  whilst  as  yet  an  infant  the  seventh  last 
winter  reached.  Ah  !  dreadful  calamity!  Why  hastenest  thou,  passenger,  to  weep? 
We  must  not  in  this  place  complain  of  the  shortness  of  life.  The  sort  of  death  is 
more  dreadful  than  death  itself.  The  pestilential  poison  took  away  her  face,  and 
settled  in  her  soft  mouth.  The  cruel  disease  consumed  her  very  kisses,  nor  are 
her  lips ‘entire,  consigned  to  the  black  funeral  pile.  Had  the  Fates  been  destined  to 
arrive  with  such  precipitate  speed,  they  ought  to  have  arrived  some  other  way. 
But  death  hastened  to  shut  up  the  passage  of  her  sweet  voice,  for  fear  her  tongue 
might  avert  the  relentless  Goddesses.  the 

I 


36 


Parochial  Libraries. — Abbey  Church  of  Bath.  [July, 


the  expence  of  the  same  being  reim¬ 
bursed  to  them. 

Rules  for  the  Regulation  of 
Parochial  Lending  Libraries. 

1.  That  such  libraries  be  under  the 
immediate  care  and  superintendance  of 
the  minister  of  the  Parish. 

2.  That  the  books  be  kept  either  in 
the  Parish  vestry,  or  at  the  minister’s 
house. 

3.  That  a  contribution,  not  exceed¬ 
ing  one  penny  per  month,  or  one  shilling 
per  year,  to  be  applied  to  the  support  of 
the  library,  be  required  from  each  fa¬ 
mily  having  the  advantage  of  the  same, 
and  that  all  deficiencies,  injuries,  &c.  be 
repaired  at  the  end  of  each  year. 

4.  That  the  time  for  issuing  and  re¬ 
turning  books,  be  either  before  or  after 
divine  service  on  Sunday. 

5.  That  every  book  lent  from  the  li¬ 
brary,  be  brought  back  on  the  following 
Sunday,  when  it  may  be  either  returned 
to  the  borrower  for  further  perusal,  or 
exchanged  for  another. 

6.  That  no  family  be  allowed  more 
than  one  book  at  a  time. 

7.  That  a  register  be  kept  divided  in 
four  columns,  containing,  1.  No.  of  vo¬ 
lume;  2.  Borrower’s  name  ;  3.  Date  when 
lent;  4.  When  returned. 

8.  That  in  case  of  wanton  injury 
done  to  any  of  the  books,  the  family  to 
whom  it  was  lent,  be  subject  to  exclu¬ 
sion  from  the  privileges  cf  the  library, 
at  the  discretion  cf.tlje  minister. 

P.  S.  If  you  think  proper,  Mr. 
Urban,  I  will  send  you  in 'the  follow¬ 
ing  month  the  Catalogue  of  the  hooks. 
That  of  the  largest  library  (which 
comprehends  the  other  two)  might 
be  contained  in  a  single  page  of  your 
Magazine,  and  weuid,  I  think,  be  wel¬ 
come  to  many  of  your  Reader  s. 

Mr.  Urban,  April  12. 

READ,  in  Part  I.  p.  254,  a  notice 
that  Mr.  Britton  was  aboutto  send 
to  the  press  his  promised  volume  on 
the  Abbey  Church  of  Bath,  illustrated 
with  engravings.  This  beautiful  pile 
of  Gothicarchitecture  being  exhibited 
to  the  eye,  will  prove  a  novelty  even 
to  the  oldest  inhabitant  of  that  rich 
and  luxurious  City.  Perhaps  the 
Corporation,  who  have  at  their  dis¬ 
posal  such  ample  pecuniary  means 
for  improvements,  may  he  induced 
from  a  view  of  Mr.  Britton’s  figured 
representations,  io  realize  the  picture, 
pro  bono  publico.  The  members  of 
that  respectable  body  have  not  been 
without  solemn  admonition  on  this 
interesting  subject ;  and  it  is  not  too 


much  to  hope,  that  the  remonstrances 
of  the  Preacher  will  be  assisted  by  the 
ingenuity  of  the  Topographer.  I  have 
been  lately  perusing  the  contents  of  a 
small  volume  of  sermons,  lately  pub¬ 
lished  by  the  Rev.  Francis  Skurray, 
in  one  of  which  (on  the  signs  of  the 
times,  and  preached  in  the  very  edifice 
in  question  on  the  inauguration  of  a 
chief  Magistrate)  are  the  following 
appropriate  observations  : — “  1  scru¬ 
ple  not  to  call  your  attention  to  ano¬ 
ther  local,  and  what  many  will  deem 
an  unsuitable  subject  of  consideration, 
not  as  to  what  regards  police,  but 
embellishment.  If  the  prediction,  the 
crooked  shall  be  made  straigh  t,  and  the 
rough  places  plain  (Isaiah  xi.  4.)  was 
to  be  ‘  the  signs  of  the  times,’  in  its 
literal  acceptation,  where  should  we 
find  its  more  complete  developement, 
than  in  this  elegantly  constructed  city? 
But  there  is  one  alteration,  one  im¬ 
provement  still  wanting,  which,  in  its 
connexion  with  Religion,  is  not  un¬ 
worthy  of  recommendation  from  a 
place  that  is  occupied  by  the  ambas¬ 
sador  of  God. 

“We  are  at  this  moment  assembled 
within  a  temple,  whose  vaulted  roof 
has  for  centuries  reverberated  with 
Hallelujah ,  for  the  Lord  Cod  omnipo¬ 
tent  reigneth.  Rev.  xix.  6.  We  are 
assembled  within  walls,  which  inclose 
the  ashes  of  piety  and  heroism,  to  re¬ 
mote  ages  of  antiquity.  But  how  does 
it  offend  the  eye  of  taste,  when  we 
consider  itsbeautifulexterior  skreened 
from  public  view  by  crowded  and  in¬ 
congruous  deformities! 

“If  it  be  true,  asa  certain  Poet  sings, 
that  the  mind  receives  Irom  external 
circumstances  ‘  a  secret  sympathetic 
aid,’  then  a  view  of  this  disincumbered 
temple,  rising  from  the  consecrated 
ground  in  finished  proportions,  would 
have  a  beneficial  operation  on  the  mind 
of  man.  It  would  arrest  the  eye  of  the 
invalid,  as  he  paused  in  his  passage  to 
yon  salubrious  springs;  it  would  sof¬ 
ten  his  heart  to  devotional  sensibility; 
it  would  raise  it  in  secret  breathings 
to  the  great  Physician  of  souls,  to 
bless  their  waters  as  instruments  of  his 
recovery.  Nay,  an  indifferent  person 
could  not  pass  by  Without,  sentiments 
of  awe,  without  a  desire  of  becoming 
wise  to  salvation,  without  an  aspi¬ 
ration,  an  effort  to  qualify  himself  in 
order  to  dwell  one  day  in*  a  building 
of  God ,  a  house  not  made  with  hands , 
eternal  in  the  heavens.  2.  Cor.  v.  1. 

“  But 


1318.]  Bcath  Abbey  Church.—  John  Adams  of  Pitcairn’s  Island.  37 


“  But  if  you  deny  the  doctrine  of  the 
association  of  ideas,  and  of  mental  im¬ 
pression  through  the  medium  of  the 
senses,  then  effect  the  removal  of  un¬ 
sightly  incumbrances  through  a  feel¬ 
ing  of  propriety  and  decorum.  If 
expence  be  cheerfully  incurred  in 
beautifying  places  of  Dissenting  wor¬ 
ship,  shall  parsimony  be  suffered'  to 
obscure  the  polished  corners  of  the 
Temple?  Psalm  cxliv.  12. 

“Shall  improvementsappearin  every 
street  and  in  every  receptacle  of  fash¬ 
ion,  and  the  house  of  God  be  the  soli¬ 
tary  exception  ?  Oh!  furnish  in  these 
days  of  lukewarmness  a  practical 
illustration  to  your  fellow  citizens, 
that  you  love  the  habitation  of  God's 
house ,  and  the  place  where  his  honour 
dwelleth.  Psalm  xxvi.  8. 

“  Oh  !  disregard  not  the  voice  of  him 
that  criethy  Prepare  ye  the  way  of  the 
Lord ,  make  straight  a  highway  for 
our  God .  Isaiah  xi.  3.” 

I  have  been  told,  Mr.  Urban,  that 
the  intrepid  delivery  of  these  senti¬ 
ments  awakened  much  sensation. 
Their  publication  could  not  fail  to 
revive  the  impression.  Should  a  se¬ 
cond  edition  of  them  in  your  Reposi¬ 
tory  (in  conjunction  with  Mr.  Brit¬ 
ton’s  promised  delineations)  stimulate 
some  public-spirited  man  to  set  for¬ 
ward  a  subscription,  there  is  scarcely 
an  inhabitant  in  Bath,  or  a  gentleman 
in  Somersetshire,  but  would  contri¬ 
bute  to  rescue  their  Cathedral  from 
obscuration,  and  take  away  “  the 
reproach  from  Israel.”  Senex. 


Mi  .  Urban,  Hackney,  Nov.  4. 

AS  your  Readers  must  have  felt 
deeply  interested  in  the  short 
account  rendered  of  Pitcairn’s  Island, 
by  Lieutenant  Shillibeer,  as  noticed  in 
your  “  Review,”  vol.  LXXXVII,  ii. 
341,  I  presume  the  few  lines  in  addi¬ 
tion  to  this  may  not  be  unacceptable. 

Having  been  informed  that  John 
Adams,  the  last  survivor  of  the  Boun¬ 
ty’s  crew  on  the  Island,  had  a  brother, 
I  desired  to  see  him :  he  called  on  me, 
is  a  waterman  at  Union  Stairs,  wears 
the  fire-coat  of  the  London  Assurance, 
and  is  of  course  a  steady  character. 
On  reading  to  him  the  Lieutenant’s 
narrative,  he  was  much  affected;  said, 
he  accompanied  him  on  board  the 
Bounty  at  Deptford,  but  he  entered 
in  the  name  of  Smith;  and  this  ac¬ 
counts  for  the  name  of  Adams  not 
being  found  in  the  Bounty’s  list  of  her 


crew;  that  be  has  a  sister  living,  older 
than  either,,  who  is  married  to  a  de¬ 
cent  Tradesman  at  Derby:  that  he 
himself  has  a  large  family.  I  said,  “  I 
sent  for  you  to  say,  if  you  will  write 
to  your  brother  in  a  few  days,  I 
think  1  •mail  have  the  means  of  trans¬ 
mitting  it  to  him  ;  and  as  you  have  a 
large  family,  will  you  let  your  eldest 
son  go  out?”  He  thanked  me  for  the 
offer  of  sending  the  letter,  and  will- 
ingiy  would  have  sent  his  son,  but  an 
objection  would  lie  with  somebody 
else.  Now  we  all  know  who  this  some¬ 
body  else  is,  and  the  influence  Dolly 
has  on  Johnny  Bull. 

The  letter  is  gone — and  with  it  se¬ 
veral  others ;  hut  when  I  reflect  on  the 
surprizing  escape  of  Captain  Bligh  and 
his  Barge’s  crew,  and  of  the  events 
that  have  followed,  I  am  not  sur¬ 
prized  that  the  whole  is  a  series  of 
interesting  circumstances. 

Adams’s  brother  proceeded  to  say. 
“  We  are  natives  of  Hackney,  and 
were  left  orphans,  being  brought  up 
in  the  poor-house.”  Here  it  was,  then, 
that  they  were  taught  the  first  prin¬ 
ciples  of  our  holy  religion;  here  they 
learned,  what  it  appears  Adams  in  due 
time  recollected,  the  Catechism  he  had 
been  taught  to  repeat,  that  excellent 
Catechism  which  every  child  should  be 
taught  also  to  say  ; — and  although  we 
have  been  in  the  present  day  won¬ 
drous  wise  in  giving  surprizingly 
quick  instruction  to  children,  yet,  1 
must  confess,  I  cannot  but  feel  partial 
to  (hose  old-fashioned  habits,  where 
the  ground-work  must  have  been 
carefully,  attentively,  and  progres¬ 
sively  laid. 

Another  observation  I  beg  to  sub¬ 
mit  to  your  readers,  that  Adamsadopt- 
ed  and  inculcated  from  that  sublime 
and  admirable  introduction  to  our  ser¬ 
vice,  one  of  the  sentences,  and  that  one 
the  most  affecting  and  impressive.  No 
doubt,  in  his  childhood,  he  was  obliged 
to  attend  with  the  other  childrerTof 
the  poor,  in  his  place  at  church :  here 
then  we  may  date  the  impression  that 
was  made,  and  which,  when  he  came 
again  to  reflect  seriously,  occurred 
with  full  force  on  his  mind.  And  per¬ 
mit  me  to  ask  those  who  are  in  the 
habit  of  attending  public  worship  in 
due  time,  what  is  the  impression  on 
our  minds,  after  sitting  a  few  minutes 
in  our  Parish  Church  in  solemn  si¬ 
lence,  when  the  minister  begins,  and 
every  soul  rises,  and  hears  him  say  : 

“  I  will 


38  “  Essay  for  a  New  Translation  of  the  Bible?”  Me.  [July, 


“  I  will  arise,  and  go  to  my  Father”  ! 
When  the  mind  reflects  on  who  said  it, 
the  occasion,  and  our  dutiful  repeti¬ 
tion  of  it;  cold  indeed  must  be  the 
heart  of  him,  that  does  not  glow  with 
a  “  celestial  fire.”  We  see  the  effect 
in  a  poor  ignorant  child  ;  we  see  the 
benefits  arising  from  a  recollection  of 
those  feelings  years  after;  we  see  it 
the  ground-work  of  every  good  to 
man. 

Permit  me  to  add  but  one  word 
more  to  this  letter  (which  is  extend¬ 
ed  beyond  the  limits  I  intended),  and 
which  is  by  way  of  caution  to  those 
who  invariably  attend  their  Sunday 
duties  too  late ; — they  not  only  lose 
the  admirable  beginning  of  our  Ser¬ 
vice,  but  too  justly  permit  doubts  lo 
arise  in  the  minJs  of  others,  whether 
their  profession  be  sincere.  And  fur¬ 
ther,  if  they  are  better  acquainted  with 
Lord  Chesterfield’s  Letters  to  his  Son, 
than  with  their  Common  Prayer  book  ; 
they  will  find,  that  to  disturb  others 
at  their  devotions  is  the  highest  breach 
of  good  manners. 

Yours,  &c.  T.  W. 

How  often  do  we  see  whole  families 
enter  Churches  constantly  in  the  1st 
or  2nd  Lesson,  and  even  in  the  Lita¬ 
ny  !  If  it  be  observed,  whole  families 
cannot  be  punctual ;  it  is  the  Master's 
fault;  nearly  40  years  has  T,  W.  had  a 
large  family,  and  he  finds,  “  where 
there  is  a  will,  there  is  a  way.” 

Mr.  Urban,  March  27. 

R.  Abauzit,  in  his  “  Observations 
on  the  Expediency  of  publishing 
only  Improved  Versions  of  the  Bible 
for  the  Continent,”  pp.  12,  22,  quotes 
from  “  An  Essay  for  a  New  Transla¬ 
tion  of  the  Bible,”  which  he  considers 
to  be  written  by  Le  Cene,  the  author 
of  the  “  Projet  d’une  Nouvelle  Version 
Fran^oise  de  la  Bible,”  printed  at 
Rotterdam,  1696,  12mo. — The  second 
Edition  of  the  Essay,  printed  1727, 
is  now  before  me,  and  the  dedication 
is  signed  H.  R.  As  it  does  not  agree 
with  a  quotation  made  by  Dr.  Har¬ 
wood  from  Le  Cene’s  Projet,  I  should 
be  obliged  to  some  of  your  Biblical 
readers  to  ascertain  whether  “  the 
Essay”  be  in  reality  a  translation  of 
Le  Ceue’s  “  Projet,”  or  only  a  garbled 
compilation  by  the  nameless  Editor. 
A  passage  in  p.  32  seems  to  contra¬ 
dict  Dr.  Abauzit’s  opinion,  for  the 
author  there  says,  “  Our  English  di¬ 
vines  prohibited  the  selling  of  the 


former”  (speaking  of  the  Translation 
of  Junius),  which  I  imagine  Le  Cene 
would  not  have  said,  although  after 
the  revocation  of  the  Edict  of  Nantes 
he  had  retired  to  this  country.  A 
second  edition  of  Le  Cene’s  work  is 
said  to  have  been  printed  1717  :  —  is 
there  any  confusion  between  this  date 
and  1727,  when  the  second  Edition 
of  “  the  Essay”  appeared?  Any  elu¬ 
cidation  of  this  piece  of  literary  his¬ 
tory  will  oblige  Ceericus. 

P.  S.  In  the  year  1767  a  book  was 
published  with  this  title,  “An  Attempt 
to  explain  the  words  Reason,  Sub¬ 
stance,  &c.  by  a  Presbyter  of  the 
Church  of  England;” — it  is  very  pro¬ 
bable  that  it  was  compiled  from  the 
papers  of  the  Rev.  John  Jones,  curate 
of  Welwyn,  who  was  concerned  in  the 
publication  of  the  “  Free  and  Candid 
Disquisitions,”  (see  Nichols’s  Life  of 
Bowyer,  vol.  I.  p.  5S5.)  But  in  the 
Catalogue  of  Dr.  Gosset’s  library,  it 
is  evidently  attributed  to  J.  Cleland, 
as  it  is  thus  classed  with  his  other 
works. 

1299.  J*  Cleland’s  Specimen  of  an 
Etymological  Vocabulary,  &c. 

1300.  - Additional  Articles. 

1301.  - Attempt  to  explain 

the  words  Reason,  Substance,  &c.  1 7 67- 

Perhapssome  of  your  Literary  Cor¬ 
respondents  may  be  able  to  ascertain 
this  fact ;  and  whether  it  be  the  same 
Cleland  who  is  the  notorious  author 
of  a  most  obscene  book  *. 


Mt.Urban,  June  11. 

BOUT  seven  miles  East  from 
Grantham,  by  the  Bridge-end 
turnpike  road,  on  the  side  of  a  hill, 
commanding  a  view  of  the  coast  at 
Boston  Haven,  were  lately  discovered 
very  considerable  remains  of  antient 
buildings,  tesselated  pavements,  and 
other  indications  of  a  fixed  Roman 
Military  Station;  and  further  search 
in  digging  and  removing  the  earth, 
&c.  continues  to  be  made  by  order  of 
Sir  William  Earl  Welby,  and  Lord 
Brownlow,  the  proprietors  of  the  pa¬ 
rish  of  Haceby,  wherein  these  disco¬ 
veries  were  made. 

The  first  subject  was  found  by  some 
labourers  widening  the  road  :  it  consists 
at  present  of  three  distinct  apart¬ 
ments;  the  middle  one  16  feet  by  22  ; 
the  others  not  yet  ascertained  ;  the 

*  The  “  Specimen,”  &e.  was  certainly 
Cleland’s,  and  the  same  Cleland.  Edit. 

floors 


39 


1818.]  Roman  Remains  at  Haceby. — Mrs.  Cornwallis. 


floors  thereof  were  paved  with  red 
and  white  small  stones,  three  quarters 
of  an  inch  square  each,  and  form 
different  patterns;  the  first,  by  the 
road,  in  squares,  the  middle  one  oc¬ 
tagons,  and  of  the  third,  only  part  of  a 
border  inscribed  with  circles  remains. 
These  floors  appear  to  be  formed  of 
a  bed  of  compact  tempered  blue  clay, 
20  inches  thick,  covered  with  a  strong 
cement  of  lime,  &c.  about  two  inches 
thick,  in  which  the  tessera  are  paved 
and  set  fast.  The  walls  are  of  stone, 
firmly  laid  in  strong  coarse  lime  mor¬ 
tar;  the  outside  ones  are  5  feet  t  hick  ; 
the  inner  ones  between  rooms,  3 
feet  only.  Not  any  of  these  walls 
remain  higher  than  the  floors.  No 
idea  can  be  formed  of  them  as  an 

habitation  io  Suess 

fragT'""*3  au»  UP>  which  clearly  shew- 
that  the  roof  was  covered  with 
coarse  blue  slate,  and  the  walls  lined 
on  the  inside  with  different  coloured 
figured  tiles,  not  any  two  alike,  and 
in  some  parts  by  fine  cement,  like 
stone  painted  in  various  colours.  Of 
the  windows,  only  a  very  few  pieces  of 
glass  were  found,  and  not  of  a  size 
sufficient  to  shew  any  thing,  except  in 
one  place,  which  was  stained  through 
of  a  beautiful  blue  colour.  Of  timber 
nothing  was  met  with  but  soot  and 
black  charcoal,  like  embers,  which 
produced  a^conjecture  that  the  fabrick 
was  partly  destroyed  by  fire. 

Before  I  begin  to  describe  the  other 
subjects  discovered  in  the  same  field, 
I  will  say  a  few  words  concerning  the 
situation,  and  the  reason  I  have  for 
supposing  this  very  place  to  be  the 
site  of  the  antient  Homan  Station 
Causennis,  set  down  in  Antoninus’s 
5th  Iter  of  Great  Britain.  C. 

[7’o  be  continued.] 

Mr.  Urban,  April  7. 

IN  your  Magazine  for  March  my 
attention  was  attracted  by  an 
article  with  the  name  of  Weeden 
Butler, Chelsea, subjoined;  which  both 
in  point  of  matter  and  manner  is  so 
extraordinary  a  production,  that  I  can¬ 
not  refrain  from  offering  a  few  obser¬ 
vations  upon  it.  I  had  supposed.  Sir, 
that  the  chief  object  in  reviewing  a 
work  was  to  point  out  its  tendency  and 
merits  to  those  who  might  be  igno¬ 
rant  of  them, — not  to  drag  forth  the 
private  concerns  of  the  author  to 
public  view,' — not  to  draw  the  cold 
stare  of  public  curiosity  on  those  who 


have  shewn  no  wish  to  encounter  its 
gaze.  Mr.  Butler  seems  to  have 
formed  a  very  different  opinion,  and 
has  acted  upon  it.  He  must  not  now 
be  surprized  that  Mrs.  Cornwallis’s 
friends  think  it  due  to  her  reputation 
to  repel  his  insinuation,  that  she  has 
claimed  to  herself  the  merit  of  a  work 
in  which  she  had  no  hand.  Surely  he 
must  have  ill  appreciated  the  feelings 
which  dictated  the  passage  he  quotes 
from  her  writings,  if  he  supposes  that 
“  hours  spent  in  pain,  sickness,  aud 
sorrow,”  could  have  past  cheerfully 
away,  were  she,  now  that  these  pains 
and  sorrows  are  about  to  terminate 
in  the  grave,  engaged  in  seeking  to 
impose  on  the  publick,  and,  like  Sap- 
phira,  dying  with  a  falsehood  on  her 
lips.  Yet,  if  this  be  not  what  he 
would  say,  on  what  rule  of  right  has 
he  founded  his  advice  to  the  “  worthy 
gentleman”  he  alludes  to?  The  title 
of  worthy  would  have  been  ill  applied 
to  that  person,  had  he  set  his  name 
where  his  hand  had  not  been  employed; 
unless,  indeed,  Mr.  Butler,  in  his  laud¬ 
able  jealousy  for  the  exclusive  rights 
of  man  in  the  regions  of  literature, 
could  prove  that  it  was  the  duty  of 
the  head  of  a  family  to  take  to  him¬ 
self  the  credit  of  every  work  produced 
under  his  roof,  and  establish  a  more 
than  Salique  law,  excluding  females, 
not  only  from  hereditary  honours, 
but  from  those  also  which  genius  or 
application  might  confer.  —  Or  is  he 
fearful  that  if  ladies  begin  to  take  up 
these  sterner  studies,  their  sons  may 
require  less  of  school  tuition  ?  Even  « 
on  that  head  he  might  be  easy,  for 
fashion  and  dissipation  will  not  leave 
their  votaries,  in  general,  much  time 
for  such  occupations. 

Mr.  Butler  has  sufficiently  shewn 
that  he  is  wholly  unacquainted  with 
the  lady  in  question  and  her  family; 
but  knowing,  as  he  might  have  done 
from  the  work  under  his  consideration, 
that  they  have  long  been  bent  under 
the  loss  of  all  that  is  dearest  to  the 
human  heart,  I  must  say,  that  the 
almost  ludicrous  way  in  which  he  has 
noticed  both  is  no  less  indelicate  than 
it  is  unfeeling;  —  wounding  to  her 
friends,  and  uninteresting  to  the  pub- 
lick  — unless,  therefore,  he  could  have 
spoken  more  to  the  purpose,  he  would 
have  done  well  to  have  kept  withiu 
the  proper  province  of  a  Reviewer, 
and  have  considered  the  book  rather 
than  the  author.  That  task,  however, 

he 


40 


Mrs.  Cornwallis. — Durham  Cathedral  School. 


[July, 


he  might  have  found  more  difficult; 
since,  to  review  a  work  of  this  nature 
with  due  care,  would  have  required 
more  attention  than  he  seems  willing 
to  bestow,  even  on  the  correction  of 
his  own  style.  Had  I  chosen  to  take 
his  production  in  another  point  of 
view,  and  review  the  Reviewer,  I 
might  have  asked  from  what  classical 
source  he  drew  the  elegant  metaphors 
with  which  he  has  adorned  his  “  bant¬ 
ling” — the  term  is  so  choice  that  he 
must  permit  me  to  borrow  it — or  by 
what  rule  for  apt  illustration  he 
learned  to  compare  an  elderly  matron 
to  a  “  heifer  at  the  plough  ?”  But  it  is 
a  subject  which  I  am  little  inclined  to 
treat  with  levity  : — a  faithful  servant 
of  Christ  sinking  prematurely  into 
the  grave  under  the  pressure  of  her 
Maker’s  chastening  hand  is  no  object 
for  light  mirth  to  touch  on. 

One  word  more,  and  I  have  done. 
Mr.  Butler  calls  Mrs.  Cornwallis’s  work 
latitudinarian  in  principle,  and  ex¬ 
presses  a  confidence  that  her  positions 
can  and  will  be  “  objected  to  by  our 
Divines:” — yet  this  latitudinariau  pro¬ 
duction  he  either  supposes  to  have 
been  written  byabeneficed  Clergyman 
of  the  Church  of  England,  or  at  least 
is  displeased  that  he  “  withheld  his 
responsibility”  from  it.  This  work, 
whose  tenets  our  Divines  are  to  con¬ 
trovert,  he  recommends  to  “  all  fe¬ 
male  seminaries  in  which  Christianity 
is  taught  and  believed  !”  Are  we  then 
to  conclude  that  he  thinks  females 
unworthy  to  be  taught  the  orthodox 
faith  of  the  Church  in  which  they  are 
educated  ?  or  must  we  suppose  that 
he  hasbrought  forward  a  charge  which 
he  is  unable  to  substantiate?  I  firmly 
believe  the  latter,  since  no  instance  is 
given  of  the  lax  principles  or  unau¬ 
thorized  positions  which  he  so  roundly 
asserts  to  have  discovered. 

I  leave  Mr.  Butler  to  reconcile  these 
contradictions,  only  recommending 
him,  either  to  retract  his  praise  of  a 
book  which  he  avowedly  considers  as 
unorthodox,  or  to  do  it  justice,  by 
honestly  avowing  his  mistake.  Of 
one  thing  he  may  be  assured,  that 
neither  the  author  nor  the  work  are 
likely  to  be  much  influenced  by  his 
opinion:  the  latter  is  already  before 
a  liberal  and  intelligent  publick,  and 
little  can  be  added  to  the  testimonies 
of  approbation  which  it  has  already 
received  from  numbers,  who,  from 
their  rank  in  the  church,  or  their 


labours  in  her  cause,  may  be  consi¬ 
dered  the  fit  guardians  of  her  bul¬ 
warks:  the  former,  about  to  answer 
before  a  higher  tribunal  for  the 
application  of  her  talent,  can  feel  lit¬ 
tle  concern  respecting  the  passing  cen¬ 
sure  or  applause  ot  those  ephemeral 
writers  who  are  read  to-day,  and  to¬ 


morrow  forgotten. 


Carolus. 


YMA'r?RBAN’  July  3‘ 

OUR  Correspondent  about  Cathe¬ 
dral  Schools  has  been  deceived 
concerning  the  Durham  Choristers, 
the  Statutes,  the  organist  is  to  be 

htrnit'ure ler’  1,0111  as  t0  m"sic  and 

The  Chapter,  wishing  to  forward 
their  advancement  in  instruction  more 
effectually,  some  ,:nce  appoi„led 
a  master  to  teach  them,  by  . 

reading,  writing,  and  arithmeticyes’ 
their  music-school,  at  hours  when 
they  were  not  occupied  in  learning 
music.  This  did  not  answer  in  respect 
of  the  first  master — another  was  pro¬ 
cured,  and  he  was  more  objectionable. 

The  Choristers  were  then  put  to  a 
School,  of  which  many  complaints 
were  received.  They  were  then  placed 
under  the  master  of  the  Bell  School, 
with  a  room  to  themselves. — While 
the  Choristers  remain  in  the  Choir, 
they  have  not  time,  consistently  with 
their  musical  practice,  to  learn  Latin 
and  Greek,  nor  is  it  desirable  that 
they  should.  They  are  meant  for 
singing-men,  not  minor  can»ns.  Many 
ol  them  get  musical  situations,  as  or¬ 
ganists,  clerks,  &c.  &c.  Others  be¬ 
come  singing-men.  There  are  now 
three  sir.giog-men  in  Durham  Choir, 
brought  up  m  that  Choir.  Most  of 
them  go  to  trades,  and  have  a  very 
handsome  premium  given  them,  as  ap¬ 
prentices,  by  the  Chapter.  Their 
salaries,  while  in  the  Choir,  have 
been  lately  greatly  increased;  they  have 
many  advantages;  and  are  clothed,  not 
as  charity  children, but,  as  they  always 
were,  most  creditably. 

There  are  eighteen  sons  of  house¬ 
holders  of  Durham  placed  always  at 
the  Cathedral  School  by  the  Statutes ; 
which,  it  is  apprehended,  is  in  a  flou¬ 
rishing  state. 

Perhaps  the  St.  David’s  Choristers 
may  not  give  up  so  much  time  to  mu¬ 
sic  as  those  of  Durham,  and  may  not 
be  obliged  to  attend  Choir  service  so 
often.  Yours,  &c. 

A  Friend  to  good  Choir  Service. 


REVIEW 


[  *1  ] 

REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


5.  Clavis  Hogarthiana  ;  or.  Illustrations 
of  Hogarth  :  t.  e.  Hogarth  illustrated 
from,  Passages  in  Authors  he  never 
read,  and  could  not  understand.  The 
second  Edition,  enlarged  and  corrected . 
8 vo,  pp.  72.  J.  Nichols  and  Co.  181 7. 

HIS  is  the  very  elaborate  Jeu 
d' Esprit  of  a  profound  and  elegant 
Scholar ;  not  an  effeminate  trifle,  but 
the  amusement  of  a  General  at  chess. 
The  idea  was  latent,  and  singularly 
ingenious.  Hogarth’s  paintings  con¬ 
vey  more  character  and  instruction 
than  even  the  finest  Grecian  sculp¬ 
ture.  In  all  persons  used  to  the  habits 
of  drawing,  there  is  a  minuteness 
and  delicacy  of  observation,  unintelli¬ 
gible  to  persons  not  versed  in  the  Art. 
It  is  a  thing  of  trade,  derived  from 
the  necessity  of  complete  and  exact 
attention.  To  this  Hogarth  united  a 
remarkable  susceptibility,  and  a  me¬ 
mory  tenacious  of  characteristic  fea¬ 
ture.  He  knew  the  tokens  of  inebri¬ 
ated  or  lascivious  visage, as  a  Sculptor 
knew  the  faces  of  Silenus  and  Pan; 
but  he  drew  from  life,  and  his  models 
therefore  vary.  Hogarth  was  in  his 
line  what  Shakespeare  was  in  the 
Drama,  because  he  studied  in  the 
school  of  Nature  only,  and  therefore 
became  original  and  various.  What 
Caricature  ought  to  be ,  we  are  taught 
by  Hogarth  :  he  alone  drew  the  bow 
of  Ulysses  ;  and  it  was  drawn,  as  in  the 
Odyssey,  against  the  libertine  and  the 
villain.  His  inimitable  success,  the 
work  under  our  notice  admirably 
proves.  Hogarth’s  paintings  are  moral 
essays;  and  this  cento  of  learned  quo¬ 
tations  shews,  from  the  classical  and 
other  authorities,  a  singular  conform¬ 
ity  in  the  characters  of  his  figures  to 
the  descriptions  of  such  characters  in 
the  Antients,  even  to  Aristoile’s ethi¬ 
cal  and  scholastic  distinctions. 

But  to  particulars.  In  p.  27,  we  find 
many  illustrations  from  Lucretius. 
Perhaps  it  is  not  generally  known,  that 
Thomson  is  not  merely  a  periphrast, 
but  almost  a  translator,  of  this  vigor¬ 
ous  Poet.  The  illustrations  of  Plate 
V.  in  Marriage  Alamode  (p.  40)  are 
singularly  happy;  but  the  book  is  in 
fact  an  indispensable  companion  to 
the  collectors  of  Hogarth’s  Prints  ©f 
Gent.  Mag.  July ,  1818. 

6 


every  size  and  description,  from  the 
superb  folio  of  Hogarth’s  Original 
Plates,  to  the  miniature  imitations  of 
Dr.  Trusler  and  Mr.  John  Ireland. 

We  transcribe  a  specimen,  referring 
to  Marriage  d  la  Mode . 

“  jEtas  parentum,  pejor  Avis,  tulit 
Nos  nequiores* ,  mox  daturos 
Progeniem  vitiosiorem.  Hor. 

“  These  lines  have  been  thus  done 
into  English. 

“  Our  Grandfathers  were  Papists, 

Our  Fathers  Oliverians: 

And  we,  a  set  of  bastard  Whigs, 
Begetting  Presbyterians.”  P.  61. 

A  very  interesting  print  of  Hogarth 
is  given  as  a  frontispiece.  There  is 
a  slyness  in  the  eye,  which  shows  in¬ 
troversion  of  mind,  but  no  expression 
in  the  countenance.  That,  however, 
may  be  a  parental  derivation. 

2.  Memoirs  of  John  Duke  of  Marlbo¬ 
rough,  with  his  original  Correspondence, 
collected  Jrom  the  Family  Records  at 
Blenheim,  and  other  authentic  Sources. 
Illustrated  with  Portraits,  Maps ,  and 
Military  Plans.  By  William  Coxe, 
Archdeacon  of  Wilts.  Longman  Co. 

OF  this  long  expected  Work  the 
first  volume  is  at  length  completed, 
embracing  a  period  of  nearly  55  years, 
from  the  birth  of  Churchill,  in  1650, 
to  his  being  created  a  Prince  of  the 
Roman  Empire  in  1705.  From  the 
satisfactory  manner  in  which  Mr. 
Coxe  has  executed  this  portion  of  his 
labours,  we  doubt,  not  of  his  ability 
and  success  in  the  two  remaining  vo¬ 
lumes.  Thegenealogy  ofthe  Churchills 
is  traced  from  the  Conquest.  During 
the  Civil  Wars  the  father  of  the  il¬ 
lustrious  Marlborough,  Sir  Winston 
Churchill,  had  suffered  in  the  cause  of 
Royalty  ;  and  on  the  Restoration  was 
distinguished  by  Charles  the  Second 
with  especial  marks  of  favour.  He 
appears  to  have  been  a  man  of  learn¬ 
ing,  belonged  to  the  Royal  Society, 
and  was  the  Author  of  an  erudite 
work  on  Heraldry.  Under  his  super- 
intendance  John  Churchill  received  a 
liberal  education,  and  was  actually 
one  of  the  boys  in  St.  Paul’s  School  5 

*  See  PL  i.  f.  7. 

but 


42 


Review  of  New  Publications.  [July, 


but,  being  soon  ushered  into  public 
life,  found  neither  time  nor  taste  tor 
classical  pursuits,  and  devoted  himself 
exclusively  to  the  Court  and  the 
Camp,  to  Statesmen  and  the  Ladies. 
At  16,  he  received  a  commission,  and 
even  at  that  early  period  distinguished 
himself  in  the  sieg''  of  Tangier*,  the 
only  theatre  at  that  time  open  to 
a  young  ambitious  soldier.  In  the 
subsequent  campaign,  when  England 
united  with  France  against  Holland, 
Churchill,  who  had  accompanied  the 
Duke  of  Monmouth,  repeatedly  sig¬ 
nalized  his  valour,  attracted  the  no¬ 
tice  of  Turenue,  and  once  received 
the  thanks  of  Louis  the  Fourteenth 
at  the  head  of  his  army.  At  this  pe¬ 
riod  the  young  hero  was  distinguished 
by  the  appellation  of  the  handsome 
Englishman ,  and  was  not  less  envied 
by  the  men  than  admired  by  the 
ladies :  but  he  soon  formed  an  attach¬ 
ment  to  Miss  Jennings,  which  appears 
to  have  produced  steadiness  and  con¬ 
sistency  of  conduct.  The  account  of 
his  marriage  with  this  lady  is  very  in¬ 
teresting  ;  and  the  picture  of  that 
domestic  happiness  which  long  re¬ 
sulted  from  the  union,  is  equally  pleas-, 
ing.  The  connexions  of  the  wife, 
like  those  of  her  husband,  were  all 
devoted  to  Tory  principles;  yet,  such 
was  the  native  independence  of  her 
mind  and  character,  that  not  all  her 
aff’ectiou  for  her  Lord,  nor  her  devo¬ 
tion  to  her  Royal  mistress,  the  Prin¬ 
cess  Anne,  prevented  her  imbibing  a 
partiality  for  the  Whigs,  to  which 
the  marriage  of  her  favourite  daugh¬ 
ter  with  the  high-spirited  son  of 
Lord  Sunderland  contributed  to  give 
strength  and  stability.  Under  William, 
Marlborough  had  few  opportunities 
of  displaying  his  transcendant  talents  : 
his  career  of  glory  opened  with  the 
reign  of  Anne.  Our  limits  do  not 
allow  us  to  pursue  the  thread  of  Mr. 
Coxe’s  narrative,  enriched  and  enliven¬ 
ed  by  the  copiousextracts  from  Marl¬ 
borough’s  correspondence.  Theletters 
to  Lord  Godolphin  unfold  the  Arcana 
of  the  Cabinet,  and  substantiate  the 
facts  related  by  the  Biographer. 

The  Epistles  to  the  Duchess  inter¬ 
est  by  their  tenderness  and  simplicity. 
Mr.  Coxe  labours  to  prove  that  she 
was  not  permitted  to  interfere  with 
poetical  arrangements.  It  is  evident 
that,  notwithstanding  the  opposition 
of  their  political  sentiments,  the  most 


ardent  and  sincere  affection  subsisted 
between  them. 

The  following  passages  are  speci¬ 
mens  of  this  correspondence: 

“  Wednesday  Morning. 

i(  It  is  impossible  to  express,  with 
what  a  heavy  heart  I  parted  with  you: 
when  I  was  by  the  water’s  side,  I  could 
have  given  my  life  to  have  come  back, 
though  I  knew  my  own  weakness  so 
much  that  I  durst  not,  for  I  should  have 
exposed  myself  to  the  company.  I  did 
for  a  great  while  with  a  perspective  glass 
look  upon  the  cliffs,  in  hopes  1  might 
have  had  one  sight  of  you.  We  are 
now  out  of  sight  of  Margate,  and  I  have 
neither  soul  nor  spirits ;  but  I  do  at  this 
minute  suffer  so  much  that  nothing  but 
being  with  you  can  recompense  it.  If 
you  will  be  sensible  of  what  I  now  feel, 
you  will  endeavour  ever  to  be  easy  to 
me,  and  then  I  shall  be  most  happy  : 
for  it  is  you  only  that  can  give  me  true 
content.  I  pray  God  to  make  you  and 
yours  happy;  and  if  I  could  contribute 
any  thing  to  it,  with  the  utmost  hazard 
of  tny  life,  1  should  be  glad  to  do  it.” 

The  description  of  the  manner  in 
which  the  good  people  of  Mindel- 
heim  were  transferred  to  the  protec¬ 
tion  and  government  of  John  Duke 
of  Marlborough  is  curious  and  amu¬ 
sing.  We  are  indebted  for  these  de¬ 
tails  to  Mr.  Stepney,  who  had  been 
authorized  by  the  Duke  to  take  pos¬ 
session  of  the  territory.  After  the 
usual  ceremonies,  he  received  the 
homage  of  the  Burgomasters  and 
Peasants,  all  of  whom,  he  observes, 
seemed  very  cheerful  upon  their  being 
assigned  to  his  Grace's  protection. 
He  then  proceeds  to  enter  into  finan¬ 
cial  observations,  according  to  which 
he  computes  an  income  of  2000/.  ster¬ 
ling,  and  concludes,  by  recommend¬ 
ing  the  Duke  to  take  such  measures 
as  might  secure  the  reversion  of  the 
fief  to  his  female  posterity.  Contrary 
to  Mr.  Stepney’s  predictions,  however, 
this  part  of  the  grant  was  never  rati¬ 
fied;  and  the  addition  of  a  bell  on 
their  escutcheon  is  all  that  now  re¬ 
mains  of  the  principality  of  Mindei- 
heim  to  the  descendants  of  Marl¬ 
borough. 

We  promise  ourselves  pleasure  in 
examining  the  contents  of  the  second 
and  third  volumes  of  this  meritorious 
and  valuable  work;  and  shall  cordi¬ 
ally  congratulate  Mr.  Coxe  and  the 
publick  on  the  final  consummation  of 
his  labours. 


3.  The 


43 


1818.]  Review  of  New  Publications. 


3.  The  Wye  Tour ;  or,  Gilpin  on  the 
Wye;  with  Historical  and  Archeologi¬ 
cal  Additions;  especially  Illustrations 
of  Pope’s  Man  of  Ross,  and  copious 
Accounts  (now  for  the  most  part  first 
published)  of  Ross,  Godrich  Castle , 
Monmouth,  The  Buck-stone,  Tintern 
Abbey,  Lamant,  Beachley  Passage , 
Chepstow  and  Castle,  Caerwent,  Cal- 
decot  Castle ,  Portskewid,  Trelleck, 
Ragland  Castle,  Fair  Rosamond,  8fc. 
Sfc.  By  the  Rev.  T.  D.  Fosbrooke, 
M.A.  F.A.S.  Author  of  B ritish  Mona- 
chism,  the  History  of  Gloucestershire, 
8fc.  Foolscap  Svo,  pp.  172.  Bald¬ 
win,  Cradock,  and  Joy. 

IT  has  long  been  a  matter  of  just 
complaint  among  Tourists  and  resi¬ 
dents  upon  the  Banks  of  the  Wye, 
that,  except  Mr.  Gilpin’s  picturesque 
description  of  that  incomparable  spot, 
no  work  was  ever  published  of  a  satis¬ 
factory  or  elaborate  kind.  The  ex¬ 
isting  publications  were— -some  full  of 
trash  and  errors,  others  scanty  in  va¬ 
luable  information.  Bloomfield  is 
merely  a  poetical  eulogist.  Under 
these  circumstances,  Mr.  Fosbrooke 
was  solicited  to  supply  the  literary 
desideratum  ;  and  he  has  accordingly 
done  so,  by  a  plan,  in  our  opinion, 
the  most  unexceptionable,  a  re-print 
of  Gilpin,  with  the  additions  specified 
in  the  title. 

Mr.  F.’s  works  are  too  well  known 
to  be  laborious  and  interesting  com¬ 
pilations,  for  any  new  work  of  his  to 
excite  distrust.  Though  he  modestly 
denominates  his  work  only  a  Pocket 
Guide,  yet  it  is  plain  that  the  value 
ot  its  literary  contents  is  very  great. 
Independent  of  much  light  thrown 
upon  various  Celtic  antiquities,  so  far 
as  they  occurred  in  connexion  with 
the  spot,  there  is  a  new  mass  of  mate¬ 
rials,  collected  from  various  quarters, 
some  very  recondite.  But  what  ren¬ 
ders  this  book  of  exceeding  worth  is 
that  it  contains  a  History  of  the  Town 
of  Ross,  in  which,  for  the  first  time, 
appears  a  satisfactory  biographical  ac¬ 
count  of  the  “  Man  of  Ross,”  so  justly 
eulogized  by  Pope.  It  is  well  known 
that  all  preceding  accounts  have  been 
vague  and  general ;  and  that  the  lines 
ot  the  Poet  are  deemed  an  exag¬ 
gerated  climax.  The  fact  is  not  so  ; 
and  the  publick  has  now,  for  the  first 
time,  the  pleasure  of  knowing  the 
simple,  amiable,  and  humble  habits 
of  an  unbounded  Philanthropist,  an 
easy  good-natured  companion*  and 
strict  Religionist. 


In  the  town  of  Ross  resides  a  gen¬ 
tleman  of  retired  and  philosophical 
habits,  who  benevolently  devotes 
much  of  his  time  to  the  regulation 
and  superintendence  of  the  Charity 
Schools.  Fond  of  antient  lore,  he 
has  collected  with  studious  care  all 
the  floating  traditions  and  anecdotes 
concerning  the  Mail  of  Ross,  which  in 
another  generation  would  have  been 
entirely  lost.  Among  these  are  the 
several  actions  to  which  the  lines  of 
the  Poet  allude,  and  far  are  they  from 
being  embellishments.  The  virtues 
of  Mr.  Kyrie  exceed  the  commenda¬ 
tions,  however  great. 

Mr.  Jenking,  for  that  is  the  name 
of  the  compiler  of  this  valuable  piece 
of  Biography,  has  added  various  most 
interesting  little  particulars,  which 
show  the  private  character  and  habits 
of  the  man;  and,  under  the  laudable 
hope  of  exciting  emulation,  has  no¬ 
ticed  other  eminent  benefactors.  We 
think,  however,  that  Mr.  Fosbrooke 
has  omitted  one  important  peculia¬ 
rity  in  the  Provincial  character  of 
Herefordshire,  derived  from  the  an¬ 
tient  Britons.  A  strong  spirit  of  fra¬ 
ternity  prevails  in  Wales  and  the  dis¬ 
tant  counties,  owing  to  small  inter¬ 
course  with  strangers,  and  moderate 
living.  We  think  that  we  see  this 
principle  in  the  heart  of  the  Man  of 
Ross;  and  we  contrast  it  with  the 
selfishness  which  a  taste  for  luxury" 
produces.  The  Man  of  Ross  was  a 
Gentleman-commoner  at  Oxford,  bred 
to  the  bar,  a  Magistrate,  and  High 
Sheriff;  yet,  says  Mr.  Jenkins  (p.  153) 
“  His  dishes  were  generally  plain, 
and  according  to  the  season.  Malt 
hquor  and  cyder  were  the  only  bever¬ 
age  introduced ;  and  there  was  no 
roast  be^f  in  his  house,  throughout 
the  year,  hut  on  Christinas-day.  At 
his  kitchen  fire-place  was  a  large 
block  of  wood,  for  poor  people  to  sit 
on;  and  a  piece  of  boiled  beef,  and 
three  pecks  of  flour,  in  bread,  were 
given  to  the  poor  every  Sunday,  —  Mr. 
Kyrie  was  a  daily  attendant  at  Church, 
At  the  chiming  of  the  hells,  all  business 
ceased  with  him ;  he  washed  his  .hands, 
and  retired.” 

We  are  happy  to  add,  that,  in  dra¬ 
matic  phraseology,  Mr.  Fosbrooke 
has  played  up  to  Mr,  Gilpin,  in  deli¬ 
neating  scenery  which  Mr.  F.  upon 
authority  shows  to  be  analogous  to 
the  celebrated  Tempe  of  Greece.  We 
give  the  following  extract.  It  is  the 

commence- 


44 


Review  of  New  Publications . 


commencement  of  the  second  tour 
from  Monmouth  to  Chepstow. 

tc  The  Banks  of  the  Wye  (says  Mr.  F.) 
owe  their  beauty  to  a  rocky  base  be¬ 
cause  only  a  thin  coat  of  earth  can  ever 
be  washed  away  ;  and,  if  it  be,  provided 
there  is  not  such  steepness  as  to  create  a 
mere  gutter,  it  only  breaks, and  improves 
into  picturesque  inequalities  of  surface 
the  formal  acclivity.  Had  the  founda¬ 
tions  of  the  banks  been  earthy,  the  lat¬ 
ter  would  have  flattened  into  mere  hills, 
with  round  outlines.  This  result  of  the 
rocky  base  particularly  appears  in  this 
tour.  The  forms  of  the  banks  are  of 
the  house-roof  kind,  with  a  sameness  of 
angular  outline.  Though  they  rise  above 
each  other  in  ridges,  yet  the  usual  moun¬ 
tainous  curve  is  not  so  frequent  as  the 
strait  or  oblique  rocky  line.  The  cloath- 
ing,  mere  stumpy  copse  wood,  will  not 
bear  close  examination,  as  being  much 
of  the  thorn  character.  The  crags, 
which  are  of  the  more  marine  kind,  are 
often  naked  and  uniform.  The  river 
runs  sometimes  stiffly,  as  in  a  trough, 
and  often  turns  absolute  corners  quite 
sharp.  Yet  with  all  these  imperfections, 
stated  merely  to  show  the  contrast  be¬ 
tween  the  fine  intermixed  with  sweet 
landscape  in  the  former  tour  ;  such  is 
the  grand  scale  upon  which  Nature 
works,  that  all  is  lost  in  the  general  ef¬ 
fect,  which  is  the  sublime  and  awful, 
(precipice  and  height  being  the  general 
agents)  occasionally  worked  up  to  the 
terrible.  Vuga,  from  Ross  to  Monmouth, 
is  a  fine  woman  with  strong  features, 
but  cheered  with  the  playful  smiles  of 
youth ;  from  Monmouth  to  Chepstow 
she  is  the  grave  Matron,  stern  and  com¬ 
manding,  like  the  august  picture  of 
Justice  by  Reynolds.  In  the  former 
tour  she  is  a  Princess :  in  the  latter,  a 
Queen.”  Pp.  81,  82. 

SpeakiDg  of  Tiniern  Abbey,  Mr. 
Fosbrooke  says : 

t(  Whatever  may  be  the  offence  to 
the  picturesque  in  landscape  considera¬ 
tion,  by  keeping  the  interior  of  the 
Church  in  the  state  of  a  green  lawn,  it 
is  plain  that  it  gives  a  mighty  effect  to 
the  architectural  beauty  of  the  interior, 
by  not  distracting  the  eye  from  its  ele¬ 
gant  proportions  ;  leaving  the  whole  an 
unincumbered  view,  and  adding  a  solemn 
vacancy,  which  introduces  reflection  and 
pensiveness.  The  grand  back- ground, 
seen  through  the  East  window,  is  truly 
sublime.  The  ivy,  especially  on  the 
right  side  of  the  nave,  clusters  in  a  man¬ 
ner  which  no  scene  of  the  kind  ever  sur¬ 
passed,  perhaps  never  equalled.  And  all 
this  in  a  spot,  around  which  Nature  has 
spread  an  aweful  holiness.  It  is  a  her¬ 


[July, 

mitage  scene;  no  flaunting  flowers  or 
yellow  heaths  ;  but  the  attempered 
sober  majesty  of  Religion,  where  the 
lofty  heights  reduce  the  glaring  day  to  a 
meek  twilight,  and  a  serene  dark  green, 
of  unvarying  wood,  preserves  the  mind 
from  any  incongruous  intrusion.”  P.97. 

We  perfectly  agree  with  Mr.  Fos¬ 
brooke  concerning  Fir  Plantations. 

“  Of  this  fine  scene,  WindclifF-  [the 
loftiest  elevation  on  the  Wye]  is  the 
grand  object,  with  a  plantation  of  firs  on 
the  summit.  Who  but  a  barber  in  the 
picturesque  would  have  curled  and  pow¬ 
dered  Windcliff  ?  Will  it  never  be  known, 
that  firs  are  fit  only  for  single  trees  and 
shrubberies;  that  they  look  like  funereal 
plumes  stuck  in  the  ground,  and  stand 
only  like  tombs,  to  show  the  burial  of 
the  picturesque  (at  the  best,  the  pictur¬ 
esque  lying  in  state)  in  all  parts,  where 
they  appear  as  woods  and  clumps.  Wind- 
cliff  should  have  only  forest  trees.  Jf 
the  rage  for  firs  continues,  England  will 
soon  resemble  Norway.”  P.  102. 

We  shall  close  our  account  of  this 
elaborate  and  pleasing  little  work,  by 
observing,  that  it  contains  much  mat¬ 
ter,  interesting  to  the  Antiquary  and 
Topographer,  especially  a  new  and 
luminous  elucidation  (p.  74.  seq.)  of 
Druidicai  Rocking  -  stones.  It  also 
corrects  several  historical  mistakes, 

4.  Memoirs  of  the  Court  of  Elizabeth  ; 

by  Lucy  Aikin.  2  Vols.  8 vo,  Long¬ 
man  <Sf  Co. 

WE  are  at  a  loss  whether  we  should 
most  approve  the  plan,  or  admire 
the  execution,  of  this  attractive  work, 
the  most  complete  in  its  kind  of  any 
in  the  English  language.  The  history 
of  Elizabeth  has  been  often  written, 
but  never  in  a  manner  to  satisfy  the 
inquiring  cultivated  mind;  facts  have 
frequently  been  perverted;  or  dis¬ 
torted,  by  prejudice  ;  anecdotes  accu¬ 
mulated  with  little  regard  to  selec¬ 
tion  or  authenticity;  and  in  general 
the  history  of  this  important  period 
has  been  wanting  in  interest  or  in¬ 
formation,  either  bare  of  domestic  de¬ 
tails,  or  without  those  luminous  views 
of  society,  that  spirit  of  inquiry,  or 
that  affluence  of  Literature  and  taste, 
so  essential  in  the  writer  who  should 
attempt  to  give  a  just  and  complete 
representation  of  the  age  of  Eliza¬ 
beth.  In  Miss  Aikin  we  find  an  union 
of  qualities  rarely  found  to  exist  in 
the  same  mind :  acute,  yet  diligent, 
patient  research  is  combined  with 
fancy,  taste,  and  elegance.  The  dry¬ 
ness 


45 


Review  of  New  Publications . 


1818.] 

ness  of  historical  dfetail  is  precluded  ; 
the  flippancy  or  prolixity  of  domestic 
memoirs  carefully  avoided  ;  the  cha¬ 
racter  of  Elizabeth  is  naturally  un¬ 
folded  to  the  Reader:  in  short,  no¬ 
thing  is  omitted  which  we  could  wish 
to  see  replaced,  and  nothing  intro¬ 
duced  which  we  would  not  regret  to 
see  excluded.  Of  the  style,  which  is 
rich  and  vigorous,  the  two  following 
extracts  afford  ample  specimens  :  no 
care  is  necessary  in  selecting  them,  for 
the  talent  of  the  Author  is  more  equal¬ 
ly  sustained  than  is  usual  in  historical 
composition.  The  first  passage  refers 
to  the  confinement  of  Elizabeth  in  the 
reign  of  Mary,  on  suspicion  of  hav¬ 
ing  been  concerned  in  Wyat’s  insur¬ 
rection. 

“  Her  letter  did  not  obtain  for  the 
Princess  what  she  sought,  an  interview 
with  her  sister;  and  the  next  day  being 
Palm  Sunday,  strict  orders  were  issued 
for  all  people  to  attend  the  Churches, 
and  carry  their  palms,  and  in  the  mean 
time  she  was  privately  removed  to  the 
Tower,  attended  by  the  Earl  of  Sussex 
and  the  other  Lord,  three  of  her  own 
Ladies,  three  of  the  Queen’s,  and  some 
of  her  Officers.  Several  characteristic 
traits  of  her  behaviour  have  been  pre¬ 
served.  On  reaching  her  melancholy 
place  of  destination,  she  long  refused  to 
land  at  Traitor’s  Gate;  and  when  the 
uncourteous  nobleman  declared  that  she 
should  not  choose,  offering  her,  however, 
at  the  same  time  his  cloak,  to  protect 
her  from  the  rain,  she  retained  enough 
of  her  high  spirit  to  put  it  from  her  with 
a  good  dash.  As  she  set  her  foot  on  the 
ill-omened  stairs,  she  said,  ‘Here  landeth 
as  true  a  subject,  being  a  prisoner,  as 
ever  landed  at  these  stairs  !  and  before 
thee,  O  God!  I  speak  it,  having  no 
other  friends  but  thee  alone.’  On  seeing 
a  number  of  warders  and  other  attend¬ 
ants  drawn  out  in  order,  she  asked,  *  What 
meaneth  this  ?’  Some  one  answered, 
‘that it  was  customary  on  receiving  a  pri¬ 
soner.’  *  If  it  be,’  said  she,  ‘  I  beseech  you 
that  for  my  cause  they  may  be  dismissed.’ 
Immediately  the  poor  men  kneeled 
down,  and  prayed  God  to  preserve  her; 
for  which  action  they  all  lost  their 
places  the  next  day.  Going  a  little  far¬ 
ther,  she  sat  down  on  a  stone  to  rest 
herself;  and  the  Lieutenant  urging  her 
to  rise,  and  come  in  out  of  the  cold  and 
wet,  she  answered,  ‘  Better  sitting  here 
than  in  a  worse  place,  for  God  knoweth 
whither  you  bring  me.’  On  hearing 
these  words,  her  gentleman  usher  wept; 
for  which  6he  reproved  him,  telling  him 
he  ought  rather  to  he  her  comforter  ; 


especially  since  she  knew  her  own  truth 
to  be  such,  that  no  man  should  have 
cause  to  weep  for  her.  Then  rising,  she 
entered  the  prison,  and  its  gloomy  doors 
were  locked  and  bolted  on  her.  Shocked 
and  dismayed,  but  still  resisting  the 
weakness  of  unavailing  lamentations, 
she  called  for  her  book,  and  devoutly 
prayed  that  she  might  build  her  house 
upon  a  rock.” 

We  subjoin  to  this  the  following 
interesting  passage,  which  presents 
Elizabeth,  on  her  Accession,  in  the 
same  fortress. 

“  On  November  the  23d,  the  Queen 
set  forward  for  her  Capital,  attended  by 
a  train  of  about  a  thousand  Nobles, 
Knights,  Gentlemen,  and  Ladies,  and 
took  up  her  abode  for  the  present  at  the 
dissolved  Monastery  of  the  Chartreux, 
or  Charter  House,  then  the  residence  of 
Lord  North  :  a  splendid  pile,  which  of¬ 
fered  ample  accommodation  for  a  royal 
retinue.  Her  next  remove,  in  compli¬ 
ance  with  antient  custom,  was  the 
Tower.  On  this  occasion,  all  the  streets 
from  the  Charter  House  were- spread  with 
fine  gravel  ;  singers  and  musicians  were 
stationed  by  the  way,  and  a  vast  con-, 
course  of  people  freely  lent  their  joyful 
and  admiring  acclamations,  as  preceded 
by  her  heralds  and  great  officers,  and 
richly  attired  in  purple  velvet,  she 
passed  along  mounted  on  her  palfrey, 
and  returning  the  salutations  of  the 
humblest  of  her  subjects,  with  graceful 
and  winning  affability.  With  what  vivid 
and  affecting  impressions  of  the  vicissi¬ 
tudes  attending  on  the  great  must  she 
have  passed  again  within  the  antique 
walls  of  that  fortress,  once  her  dungeon, 
and  now  her  palace  1  She  had  entered 
it  by  the  Traitor’s  Gate,  a  terrified  and 
defenceless  prisoner,  smarting  under 
many  wrongs,  hopeless  of  deliverance, 
and  apprehending  nothing  less  than  an. 
ignominious  death.  She  had  quitted  it 
still  a  captive,  under  the  guard  of  armed 
men,  to  be  conducted  she  knew  not 
whither.  She  returned  to  it  in  all  the 
pomp  of  Royalty,  surrounded  by  the 
Ministers  of  her  power,  ushered  by  the 
applauses  of  her  people,  the  cherished 
object  of  every  eve,  the  idol  of  every 
heart.” 

5.  Childe  Harold’s  Pilgrimage.  Canto 
IV.  8 vo,  pp.  257.  Murray. 

[. From  The  New  Times.] 

LORD  Byron’s  prolific  Muse  has  at 
length  completed  the  Work  on  which 
the  Noble  Author’s  claims  with  pos* 
terity  are  chiefly  to  be  founded,  la 
this  Canto  the  Childe  throws  by  his 

pilgrim 


46 


Review  of  New  Publications. 


pilgrim  habit)  and  avows  his  resolu¬ 
tion  to  wauder  no  more  in  pursuit  of 
adventure.  His  journey  has  been  a 
long  one,  and  certainly  no  tour  of 
pleasure  or  philosophy  has  led  a  wan¬ 
derer  through  more  delicious  scenery. 
The  Peninsula,  Greece,  Switzerland, 
and  Italy,  have  spread  before  him  all 
that  was  glorious  and  gigantic  in  Na¬ 
ture,  and  much  of  what  was  interest¬ 
ing  and  original  in  man  ;  he  passed 
through  those  far-famed  countries 
either  in  the  course,  or  at  the  imme¬ 
diate  conclusion,  of  the  most  stirring 
period  of  History,  and  saw  either  the 
grandeur  of  the  storm  that  was  then 
heaving  up  the  depths  and  energy  of 
the  human  mind,  or  was  suffered  to 
look  at  his  leisure  on  the  not  less  mag¬ 
nificent,  though  milder  displays  of  the 
calm  which  was  gradually  reluming 
over  the  world.  To  have  been  horn 
in  the  period  of  such  scenes,  was  a 
piece  of  good  fortune  ;  but  to  have 
been  present  at  them,  with  the  power 
to  transfer  their  passing  splendour 
and  dignity  to  an  immortal  record, 
was  an  exclusive  privilege,  which  fell 
to  the  lot  of  Lord  Byron.  But  for 
one  reason,  it  could  not  have  more 
suitably  fallen.  Lord  Byron,  if  among 
the  ablest  of  our  Poets,  is  the  most 
ill-boding  of  our  Politicians.  It  may 
not  be  required  that  a  man  circum- 
volved  by  the  fine  mists  of  the  imagi¬ 
nation,  should  always  distinguish  the 
true  aspects  of  the  world  round  him, 
through  that  golden  and  fluctuating 
glare.  The  Poet  may  be  tolerated  in 
some  prejudices.  But  it  is  of  the  nature 
of  all  that  makes  his  art  honoured, 
that  his  prejudices  should  take  the 
gentle,  and  generous,  and  social  side 
of  life;  that,  if  he  has  the  power  of 
“  calling  spirits  from  the  vasty  deep,” 
they  should  not  be  all  evil,  ail  de¬ 
nouncing  misfortune  to  the  sacred 
spot  on  which  he  had  learned  his 
power  to  summon  them;  all,  like  Mii- 
ton’s  “  basest  spirit  of  Heaven,’  turn¬ 
ing  away  their  eye  from  the  grandeur 
s.nd  beauty  before  them,  to  pore  into 
the  bowels  of  the  soil  for  some  new 
instrument  of  violence  and  corrup¬ 
tion.  We  might  forgive  a  certain  ex¬ 
travagance  on  the  nobler  and  more 
natural  part;  the  mind  that  lives  in 
meditation,  loving  to  retire  from  the 
common  courses  of  the  world,  but 
less  from  them  than  above  them, 
might  be  pardoned  for  overlooking 
those  more  minute  and  humbling  fea¬ 


[July, 

tures  of  the  landscape  which  make  the 
richest  of  mortal  labours  like  each 
other,  asad  imperfect; — but  to  have 
his  sight  sharpened  only  into  a  suscep¬ 
tibility  of  the  degrading  and  the  de¬ 
formed,  to  see  nothing  in  the  harvest 
but  the  sweat  of  the  brow,  nothing  in 
the  whole  splendid  and  sunny  sweep, 
but  the  thicker  vapour  of  the  casual 
pool,  or  the  heated  venom  of  the  rep¬ 
tile  that  has  come  out  in  the  general 
cheering  and  animation  of  Nature, 
is,  if  not  beyond  our  sufferance,  alto¬ 
gether  beyond  our  fellow-feeling. — * 
Lord  Byron  closes  a  well-writteu  pre¬ 
face  on  general  topicks  with  a  sudden 
plunge  into  politicks,  painful  to  the 
admirers  of  the  man  of  genius,  and 
offensive  at  once  to  the  truth  of  his¬ 
tory  and  the  honour  of  the  country 
from  which  he  possesses  all  that  gives 
him  a  rank  on  earth.  In  a  passage 
on  the  song  of  the  labourers  round 
Rome,  which,  after  all,  he  must  have 
known  to  be  the  mere  habitual  cant 
of  a  lazy  and  pauper  ostentation  ot 
feeling,  and  which,  with  all  its  pathe- 
licks,  has  left  the  Italians  the  slaves  of 
every  master  for  the  last  thousand 
years,  he  thus  proceeds: 

“  It  W'as  difficult  not  to  contrast  this 
melancholy  Dirge  with  the  Bacchanal 
roar  of  the  songs  of  exultation  still  yelled 
from  the  London  taverns  over  the  car¬ 
nage  of  Mont  St.  Jean  !  and  the  betrayal 
of  Genoa,  of  Italy,  of  France,  and  of  the 
World.” 

*  #  *  *  *  * 

“  For  what  they  (England)  have  done 
abroad,  and  especially  in  the  South, 
4  verily  they  will  have  their  reward/ 
and  at  no  very  distant  period.” 

The  Canto  is  a  rapid  view  of  Italy 
from  Fenice  to  Rome,  with  much  al¬ 
lusion  to  the  antieut  state  of  the  coun¬ 
try,  and  many  fine  and  abrupt  deve~ 
lopements  of  the  Author’s  personal 
feelings.  As  a  Poem,  it  is  equal  to 
the  ablest  of  his  works,  and  displays 
his  full  mastery  of  metaphysic  con¬ 
ception  and  impressive  language.  It 
is  long,  consisting  of  186  stanzas  of 
the  Spenserian  measure,  and  followed 
by  a  train  of  notes,  rather  overloaded 
with  obscure  Literature,  but  in  gene¬ 
ral  illustrative  and  amusing* 

We  have,  for  the  present,  room 
but  for  one  description. 

An  Italian  Evening. 

“  The  Moon  is  up,  and  yet  it  is  not 
night  — 

Sun-set  divides  the  sky  with  her— a  sea 

Of 


47 


Review  of  New  Publications . 


1818.] 

Of  glory  streams  along  the  Alpine  height 
Of  blue  Friuli’s  mountains  ;  Heaven  is 
free  [to  be 

From  clouds,  but  of  all  colours  seems 
Melted  to  one  vast  Iris  of  the  West, 
Where  the  day  joins  the  past  eternity  ; 
While,  on  the  other  hand,  meek  Dian’s 
crest  [of  the  blest ! 

Floats  through  the  azure  air  —  an  island 

A  single  star  is  at  her  side,  and  reigns 
With  her  o’er  half  the  lovely  heaven ; 

but  still  [remains 

Yon  sunny  sea  heaves  brightly,  and 
Roll’d  o’  er  the  peak  of  the  far  Rhoetian 
hill. 

As  day  and  night  contending  were,  until 
Nature  reclaim’dher  order : — gently  flows 
The  deep-dyed  Brenta,  where  their  hues 
instil 

The  odorous  purple  of  a  new-born  rose, 
Which  streams  upon  her  stream,  and 
glass’d  within  it  glows. 

Fill’d  with  the  face  of  Heaven,  which, 
from  afar. 

Comes  down  upon  the  waters,  all  its  hues, 
From  the  rich  sun-set  to  the  rising  star, 
Their  magical  variety  diffuse  : 

And  now  they  change  ;  a  paler  shadow 
strews  [day 

Its  mantle  o’er  the  mountains  ;  parting 
Dies  like  the  Dolphin,  whom  each  pang 
imbues 

With  a  new  colour  as  it  gasps  away, 

The  last  still  loveliest,  till  — ’tis  gone  — 
and  all  is  grey.” 

6.  Childe  Harold’s  Pilgrimage  to  the 
Dead  Sea  :  Death  on  the  Pale  Horse 
and  other  Poems.  8 vo,  pp.  52.  Bald¬ 
win,  Cradock,  and  Joy. 

THIS  publication  is  thus  inscribed  : 

“  To  the  Memory  of  her  who  fostered 
my  helpless  infancy,  and  who,  by  her 
precepts  and  example,  taught  me  to  love 
Virtue  and  venerate  Religion  :  Also,  to 
him,  my  surviving  Parent,  whose  life 
is  an  honour  to  the  name  of  Soldier  and 
Man,  1  gratefully  dedicate  the  following 
little  Poems.” 

The  introductory  Poem  will  give  a 
good  idea  of  the  Author’s  feelings. 

“  To  MY  FORSAKEN  HARP. 

**  Thou  loved  companion  of  those  bright¬ 
er  hours  [and  hope 

When  life  was  in  its  spring — and  health 
Smiled  on  my  cheerful  brow  —  beloved 
harp!  [hung 

That  on  the  willows  many  a  year  hath 
Neglected,  —  once — Oh!  once  again  I 
come  [bling  hand 

To  rouse  thy  wires,  and  yet  —  my  trem- 
Half  fears  to  sweep  thy  chords,  lest  some 
sad  note  [woe 

Of  that  wild  dirge  remain— that  dirge  of 


Which  frenzy  left  unfinish’d,  when  I 
sought  [claim. 

To  sing  her  virtues,  and  my  loss  pro- 
— Long  o’er  the  bed  of  death  I  speech- 
less  hung,  [sunken  eye 

And  would  not  deem  that  cold,  dim. 
For  ever  quench’d — and  strove  to  disbe¬ 
lieve  [press’d 

The  pale,  pale,  beauteous  lips  I  madly 
Were  turn’d  to  worthless  clay  —  that  in 
the  heart  [truth 

No  pulse  of  life  yet  linger’d  —  but  the 
Burst  on  my  palsied  soul ;  and  with  a 
shriek,  [earth : 

A  loud  and  lengthen’d  shriek,  I  fell  to 
—All  that  came  after  was  a  blank  to  me. 

“  Full  many  a  summer’s  sun  hath  risen 
and  set  [ter’s  snow 

Since  that  dark  hour,  and  many  a  win- 
Hath  drifted  on  her  lone  and  humble 
grave ;  [deplor’d 

Yet  still  remember’d  —  still  belov’d  — 
Through  every  change,  this  widow’d  heart 
hath  bled,  [will  not  heal. 

Yet  bleeds,  with  rankling  wounds  that 
But  fain  would  1  arouse  my  feeble  mind 
From  this  dull  night  of  sadness;  fain 
would  burst 

This  lethargy  of  soul;  for  now  my  bark. 
Which  long  hath  toss’d  on  life’s  tumul¬ 
tuous  wave,  [arms 

Hath  reach’d  a  quiet  haven,  and  the 
Of  love  and  peace  have  ta’en  a  wand’rer 
in.  [awake, 

— Wake  then  my  silent  Harp — awake — 
And  bear  my  spirit  to  the  fairy  bowers 
Of  Song.” 

The  fame  of  “  Childe  Harold” 
and  that  of  his  Noble  Prototype  are 
now  so  justly  and  universally  appre¬ 
ciated,  that  it  becomes  a  bold  and 
hazardous  adventure  to  wield  such 
an  “  Achilles’s  bow.”  The  present 
Poem,  however,  is  rather  a  Christian 
admonition,  than  a  continuation  of 
Harold’s  story. 

((  Angels  have  look’d  on  thee,  and  wept. 
Yea  —  wept  o’er  that  lost  mind  whose 
early  morn 

Gave  promise  of  a  brighter  day Harold, 
There  was  a  time  when  sweet  belief  was 
thine.  [gave? 

Hast  thou  forgotten  all  thy  childhood 
The  days  of  peace  — the  nights  of  calm 
repose —  [pillow  press’d. 

When,  as  thy  blooming  cheeks  their 
Even  as  sister  roses  gem’d  with  dew. 
They  glisten’d  with  the  tear  of  piety 
And  reverential  thought  of  mother’s 
blessing,  [kiss, 

That  blessing  given  with  many  a  tender 
And  fervent  prayer  that  God  might  bless 
thee  too.” 

“  Death  on  the  Pale  Horse”  is  a 
Poem  worth  perusing. 


7.  As- 


48  Review  of  New  Publications,  [July, 


7.  Astarte,  a  Sicilian  Tale;  with  other 
Poems.  By  the  Author  of  “  Melan¬ 
choly  Hours."  Small  8 vo.  pp.  173. 
Chappie. 

MANY  persons  who  assume  the  cri¬ 
tical  pen  may  flunk  their  dignity  les¬ 
sened,  by  directing  it  to  the  notice  of 
works  which  cannot  be  subjected  to 
the  severity  of  rule  and  to  compa¬ 
rison  with  allowed  standards  of  ex¬ 
cellence;  and  will  therefore  pass  by 
with  contempt  the  early  efforts  of  un¬ 
fledged  Poets,  who  now  but  feebly  flut¬ 
ter,  though  hereafter  they  may  soar. 
We  cannot,  however,  subscribe  to 
this  practice,  and  are  always  happy 
in  an  opportunity  of  bestowing  an 
encouraging  notice  on  any  promising 
scintillation  of  genius  which  meets  our 
eye.  A  regaid  for  the  true  interests 
of  Literature  prompts  as  much  to  fos¬ 
ter  the  modest  offspring  of  a  merito¬ 
rious  attempter,  as  it  does  to  repress 
the  arrogant  intrusion  of  a  spiritless 
rhymer.  True,  the  little  production 
before  us  scarcely  comes  within  the 
pale  of  critical  disquisition;  yet  it 
has  merit,  and  this  we  are  desirous  of 
pointing  out.  Before  proceeding  to 
this,  however,  we  cannot  refrain  from 
informing  the  author,  that  it  is  not 
to  her  plea  of  being  a  female,  nor  to 
any  of  those  vain  excuses  so  injudi¬ 
ciously  made  in  her  preface,  that  she 
is  indebted  for  our  forbearance;  if 
her  work  had  had  no  merit,  these 
would  have  given  it  none,  nor  can 
any  thing  be  more  fruitless  than  the 
urging  of  them.  Little  is  to  be  said  as 
to  the  plot  or  character  of  her  poem  ; 
but  the  versification  displays  a  deli¬ 
cacy  of  imagination,  combined  with  a 
warmth  and  vivacity,  which  evince 
the  existence  of  talent  that  may 
hereafter  produce  greater  things,  and 
cannot  fail  of  pleasing.  We  will 
point  out  an  instance. 

“  IV. 

As  yon  bright  planet’s  beams  are  shed 
O’er  Ocean’s  caves 
Below  the  waves, 

Another  glowing  heav’n  seems  spread; 

A  Heaven  of  deeper,  purer  dye, 

Ne’er  met  the  gazing  sage’s  eye. 

And  trees  and  flowers  of  lovelier  hue 
On  earth’s  green  surface  never  grew, 
Than  those  tbgt  bloom  in  shadowy  pride 
Within  the  clear,  unruffled  tide  ! 

V. 

No  charm  is  lost  that  Nature  gave, 

But  softer  smiles  the  fairy  scene, 

Thus  blushing  through  the  azure  wave, 

'I  hat  spreads  its  veil  of  light  between. 


So  to  the  Mourner’s  eyes  grown  dim 
with  tears,  [light, 

Joys  that  are  past  assume  a  lovelier 
As  gazing  back  thro’  the  dark  mist  of 
years,  [bright: 

The  scenes  of  other  days  appear  more 
For  Memory’s  prism  loves  to  strew 
O’er  joys  long  past  a  softer  hue  ; 

And  Fancy  sheds  o'er  pleasures  flown 
A  lustre  lovelier  than  their  own  ! 

The  transient  clouds  that  dim  Life's  in¬ 
fant  day, 

In  manhood’s  sterner  sorrows  melt  away; 
They  are  but  shadows  to  the  weight  of 
woe  [to  know ; 

That  life’s  maturer  years  are  doom’d 
Childhood’s  light  griefs  soon  vanish  from 
the  mind,  [hind!” 

But  all  its  sun-bright  hours  remain  be- 

We  think  we  can  recollect  these  ideas 
elsewhere ;  but  they  are,  at  all  events, 
delicately  and  brilliantly  expressed — 
The  following  lines  display  as  much 
felicity  of  description,  as  ofconeeption: 
“  Astarte’s  eyes  were  calmly  rais’d. 

Like  one  who  stands  in  mental  prayer; 
Awhile  her  lover  mutely  gaz’d 
On  that  soft  brow  as  marble  fair. 

But  all  seem'd  calm  and  peaceful  there. 
Whate’er  was  passing  in  that  breast. 

No  look  betray’d, — no  sigh  express’d  j 
And  the  mild  glance  of  that  blue  eye 
Told  not  the  bosom’s  agony.” 

From  these  extracts,  the  Reader 
w  ill  he  able  to  judge  both  of  the  de¬ 
gree  and  the  kind  of  merit  due  to  this 
author.  Lord  Byron  and  Mr.T.  Moore, 
seem  to  he  the  models  she  has  stu¬ 
died  ;  aDd  it  is  assigning  her  no  small 
praise,  to  say,  that  her  attempt  to 
imitate  their  manner  ot  writing  is 
far  from  unsuccessful. 

8.  Felix  Alvarez  ;  or,  Manners  in  Spain  : 
containing  Descriptive  Accounts  of 
some  of  the  prominent  Events  of  the 
late  Peninsular  TVar ;  and  authentic 
Anecdotes  illustrative  of  the  Spanish 
Character ;  interspersed  with  Poetry , 
Original,  and  from  the  Spanish.  By 
Alexander  R.  C.  Dallas,  Esq.  In 
Three  Vols.  12 mo,  pp.  259,  273,  304. 
Baldwin,  Cradock,  and  Joy. 

MR.  Dallas,  in  a  well- written  Dedi¬ 
cation  to  Lord  Lynedoch,  thus  grate¬ 
fully  acknowledges  his  personal  obli¬ 
gations  : 

“  At  my  outset  in  life,  one  unfortunate 
oversight  of  a  professional  form,  the 
effect  of  inexperience,  had  nearly  been 
the  means  of  putting  a  sudden  end  to 
my  prospect  and  hope  of  continuing  in 
an  active  and  honourable  career,  when 
your  Lordship  interfered  in  my  favour,  . 
and  averted  consequences,  which  would 

have 


49 


Review  of  New  Publications. 


1818.] 

have  been  deeply  afflictive  to  me,  and  to 
those  with  whom  Nature,  and  a  peculiar 
domestic  education,  had  united  me  by 
the  most  endearing  and  grateful  ties.” 

Two  reasons  are  afterwards  assign¬ 
ed  for  inscribing  the  Work  to  the  gal¬ 
lant  military  Peer. 

“  One  was,  that  many  of  the  facts 
I  had  introduced  into  them  were  not  un¬ 
known  to  your  Lordship ;  and  the  other 
was,  that  the  manuscript  had  had  the 
good  fortune  to  meet  with  less  equivocal 
approbation,  from  a  man  of  too  much 
known  judgment  to  be  deceived,  and  of 
too  much  acknowledged  virtue  to  deceive. 
In  saying  this,  my  Lord,  I  will  not  con¬ 
ceal  that  the  approbation  was  accompa¬ 
nied  with  a  wish,  that  I  had  thrown  the 
subject  into  the  form  of  a  journal,  or  ge¬ 
neral  observations,  rather  than  into  that 
of  a  romance.  1  was  willing  to  be  cor¬ 
rected,  and  from  such  a  judge  as  I  allude 
to,  what  unpractised  candidate  would  not 
be  proud  of  the  correction  ?  But  if  I 
could  have  changed  the  form  of  my  com¬ 
position,  my  object  itself  must  also  have 
been  changed.  I  had  neither  History, 
nor  the  materials  of  History  in  view  : 
sketches  and  portraits  were  my  aim, 
which  was  as  distant  from  the  flight  of 
sublime  poetry  on  the  one  hand,  as  from 
the  majestic  simplicity  of  historical  nar¬ 
rative  and  profound  remark  on  the  other. 
My  encourager  is  himself  engaged  in  an 
undertaking  of  the  latter  kind  l’elative 
to  the  Peninsula,  a  species  of  composi¬ 
tion  in  which  he  is  acknowledged  to  have 
few  rivals  :  but  for  me,  who  only  mean 
at  most  to  offer  some  interesting  pictures 
taken  on  the  spot,  I  thought  1  could  not 
do  better  than  embody  them  in  a  whole, 
by  the  use  of  a  fictitious  character, 
whom  1  could  place  in  situations,  and  to 
whom  I  could  give  sentiments,  more 
likely  to  produce  the  effect  I  intended, 
than  if  I  wrote  in  my  own  person.” 

“  Ramirez,”  a  poem  by  the  same 
Author,  has  been  duly  noticed  this 
Year  in  Part  I.  p.  243. 

The  scene  of  the  present  Work 
commences  in  Cadiz,  at  the  period 
when  nearly  the  whole  of  Spain  had 
been  overrun  by  the  unprovoked  in¬ 
roads  of  the  French;  and  Cadiz,  the 
only  strong-hold  oftheloyal  Spaniards, 
was  closely  blockaded.  At  that  event¬ 
ful  period,  however,  dissipation  ap¬ 
pears  to  have  been  the  order  of  the 
day,  or  rather  of  the  night — when  the 
Neverias  and  Tertulias  were  crowded 
to  excess, 

“  Neverias  are  public-houses,  where 
refreshments  of  all  kinds  are  sold.  They 
Gent.  Mag,  July,  1818. 

7 


derive  their  name  from  being  the  places 
generally  resorted  to  for  taking  ices. 
Almost  all  the  houses  in  the  South  of 
Spain  are  built  with  a  large  square  open 
space  in  the  middle,  which  is  called  the 
patio;  this,  in  the  neverias,  is  frequently 
covered  at  the  commencement  of  the 
first  story  of  the  house  with  trellis-work, 
upon  which  are  trained  vines,  the  leaves 
of  which  afford  a  more  agreeable  shade 
than  the  canvass  awning  which  is  stretch¬ 
ed  over  the  patio  at  the  top  of  the  house 
in  private  houses.” 

“To  prevent  the  ill-effects  arising  from 
the  use  of  ice,  when  the  blood  is  in  a 
heated  state,  the  masters  of  the  neverias 
in  Cadiz,  and  I  believe  in  all  the  larger 
towns  in  the  South  of  Spain,  are  for¬ 
bidden  to  sell  it  until  after  eight  o’clock 
in  the  evening.  This  prohibition  would 
appear  unnecessary  as  unfounded,  from 
the  custom  of  Italy,  not  disregarded  in 
England,  of  serving  ice  after  dancing. 
Agraz  is  a  very  agreeable  and  refreshing 
drink,  made  of  the  juice  of  unripe 
grapes.” 

t{  A  Tertulia  is  an  assemblage  of 
people  met  together  to  amuse  them¬ 
selves  in  the  manner  most  agreeable 
to  their  tastes  ;  whether  by  cards, 
musick,  conversation,  or  dancing.  These 
assemblies  are  divested  of  formality ; 
but,  in  other  respects,  differ  little 
from  the  general  meetings  of  company, 
call  them  what  you  will.  There  the 
common  topics  of  conversation  are  night¬ 
ly  exhausted  ;  the  state  of  Empires  is 
discussed,  Kings  are  dethroned,  Minis¬ 
ters  dismissed,  battles  fought,  captives 
made,  characters  liberally  dealt  with, 
present  enemies  extolled,  absent  friends 
calumniated.  A  tertulia  is  a  concen¬ 
trated  picture  of  fashionable  society, 
where  the  minor  shades  of  character 
obscure  the  lustre  of  good  qualities,  and 
where,  for  the  sake  of  appearing  agree - 
able ,  one  often  renders  oneself  really  un¬ 
worthy.  Industrious  to  conceal  real  vir¬ 
tue,  if  the  opposite  vice  happen  to  be  of  a 
fashionable  nature,  good  sense  is  often 
sacrificed  in  these  tertulias  at  the  shrine 
of  folly,  and  truth  lost  in  the  labyrinth, 
where  it  is  entangled  by  ridicule.  The 
passion  for  ridicule  is  the  most  general 
amongst  the  society  which  forms  the  Spa¬ 
nish  tertulia  ;  and  such  is  the  devotion 
to  it,  that  sense,  feeling,  and  delicacy, 
are  continually  outraged  in  the  gratifi¬ 
cation  of  the  prevailing  propensity. — The 
arrangement  of  the  company  who  form 
the  tertulia  is  as  devoid  of  etiquette  as 
their  manners  and  conversation :  the  la¬ 
dies  generally  sit  in  lines  or  circles,  and 
are  not  a  little  loquacious  ;  but  if  a  mo¬ 
mentary  pause  should  ensue,  a  general 
crack  of  fans  dispels  the  hated  silence, 

and 


50 


Review  of  New  Publications. 


and  gives  a  signal  for  new  topicks.  The 
men  stand  in  groups,  or  walk  about  the 
apartment,  excepting  some  decided  curu- 
tacos,  or  ladies’  men,  and  such  as  are 
only  in  the  earlier  stages  of  attendance 
upon  the  glance  of  a  peculiar  Dona. 
These  lean  upon  the  chairs  of  the  ladies, 
are  sometimes  seated  by  them,  and  are 
armed  with  the  fan  of  their  favourites,  in 
the  twirling  and  flirting  of  which  they 
generally  display  a  feminine  dexterity. 
Let  not  the  possession  of  this  accom¬ 
plishment  excite  contempt :  for  it  is 
highly  necessary  for  a  young  man  in 
Spanish  society,  to  understand  the  hid¬ 
den  meaning  of  the  different  movements 
of  this  organ  of  female  wit ;  by  the  use 
of  which  the  Spanish  lady  expresses  the 
passions  which  agitate  her  mind,  whether 
jealousy,  resentment,  or  pleasure  ;  and 
by  which  she  encourages  or  repels  the 
too  timid  or  too  enterprising  lover  ;  and 
from  the-  knowledge  of  their  meaning, 
to  the  power  of  expressing  it,  is  but  a 
step.  The  greater  part  of  the  society 
are  generally  engaged  at  banco,  or  some 
other  fashionable  game.  The  ladies  oc¬ 
cupy  the  greater  number  of  seats  round 
the  table ;  and  the  gentlemen  either 
risk  their  money  on  the  fortune  of  some 
chosen  one,  or  follow  their  own  fortunes 
from  behind.” 

Under  the  character  of  a  young 
and  well-educated  Spanish  Cavalier, 
Mr.  Dallas  (without  incurring  the  un¬ 
pleasant  imputation  of  egotism)  de¬ 
scribes  many  interesting  circumstances 
which  fell  within  his  own  observation, 
and  has  given  on  the  whole  a  lively 
exhibition  of  Spanish  manners,  and 
more  especially  of  the  Spanish  ladies, 
whose  natural  gaiety  is  uo  longer  re¬ 
strained  by  the  terrors  of  an  anti¬ 
quated  Duenna,  or  the  more  violent 
caprices  of  a  jealous  husband. 

A  promenade  on  the  Alameda  at 
Cadiz  is  thus  noticed  : 

“  It  was  not  one  of  those  crowds  that 
sometimes  press  themselves  into  its  ave¬ 
nues  during  the  carnival,  or  on  the  great 
f6tes  when  all  the  world  seem  as  if  desi¬ 
rous  to  ascertain  how  many  people  they 
could  hold,  or  to  wish  to  form  an  idea  of 
the  power  of  compressibility  of  their  own 
bodies :  it  was  a  moderate  crowd,  where 


[July, 

there  was  room  in  the  interstices  of  the 
ranks  to  admit  the  Boca  boys,  who,  with 
their  baskets  on  their  arms,  wormed 
themselves  between  the  people,  announ¬ 
cing  their  approach  by  a  repetition  of 
the  shrill  cry,  *  Boca  fresco,  de  la  Isla  * 
and  where  the  as  active  fire-boys  with 
less  difficulty  made  their  way,  affording 
an  opportunity  of  resuming  their  usual 
occupation  of  smoking  to  those  gentle¬ 
men  whom  an  exhausted  segar  had 
obliged  to  relinquish  it,  recommending 
their  commodity  by  the  frequent  cries  of 
*  good  fire  ‘  excellent  fire  ‘  the  best 
fire and  occasionally  striking  their 
matches  of  combustible  rope  against  the 
ground,  producing  a  shower  of  sparks. 

“  The  sun  had  been  some  time  appa¬ 
rently  enlarging  the  circumference  of  his 
orb;  his  brilliant  disk  had  gradually  re¬ 
ceived  its  evening  tinge  of  red  ;  and 
now  his  last  ray  darted  upward  from  the 
refulgent  bosom  of  the  ocean,  streaking 
with  gold  the  expanded  edge  that  veiled 
his  face.  It  was  the  signal  for  the  Ora - 
clones ,  or  evening  prayer,  which  being  re¬ 
peated  by  the  tolling  of  the  bell  of  every 
church,  the  whole  city,  the  whole  king¬ 
dom,  addressed  a  prayer  and  a  thanks¬ 
giving  to  the  Almighty  Being  who  had 
brought  the  day  to  a  close.  The  crowd 
upon  the  Alameda,  whose  busy  hum  and 
footsteps  mingled  their  bruit  upon  the 
ear  like  the  fall  of  waters  where  the 
course  of  a  gentle  streamlet  is  broken 
by  some  impeding  rock,  now  stood  still, 
and  there  prevailed,  as  if  by  magic,  a 
sudden,  profound,  and  awful  silence.  At 
the  sound  of  the  bell  the  carriages  stop¬ 
ped  ;  all  who  were  sitting  arose ;  those 
who  were  walking  remained  in  the  posi¬ 
tion  in  which  this  moment  overtook 
them  ;  all  conversation  was  suspended, 
and  every  one  repeated  an  inward  prayer. 
The  sign  of  the  cross,  which  closed  the 
prayer  of  each,  was  the  signal  for  the 
breaking  of  this  holy  silence  ;  every  one 
gave  a  salutation  to  those  who  surround¬ 
ed  him,  known  or  unknown,  and  then 
the  stream  flowed  on  unaltered  in  its 
course. 

‘‘  There  is  nothing  with  which  a  fo¬ 
reigner,  unacquainted  with  the  religious 
customs  of  Spain,  is  so  struck  as  the  Ora- 
ciones,  or  prayer  at  sunset,  which  is 
above  described.  The  reflection,  that  at 
that  same  moment,  or  rather  in  an  un- 


*  “  The  bocas  here  alluded  to  are  the  claws  of  small  crabs,  which  are  caught  in 
the  marshes  that  surround  the  Isla  de  Leon,  and  being  deprived  of  their  claws  are 
again  put  into  the  marshes,  where,  after  a  time,  they  grow  again,  and  being  again 
caught  they  are  again  torn  off.  The  claws  are  very  delicate  morsels  ;  which  being 
boiled  are  carried  about  by  boys  on  the  Alameda,  when  the  promenade  is  well  at¬ 
tended,  and  sold  to  those  who  occupy  the  benches.  These  boys  are  sometimes  very 

numerous,  and  continually  repeat  their  cry  of  Boca  fresco  de  la  Isla _ ‘Fresh 

bocas  from  the  Isla’.  ” 


broken 


51 


Review  of  New  Publications. 


1818.] 

broken  succession  of  moments,  there 
is  a  general  suspension  of  all  work  and 
conversation,  and  that  a  national  act  of 
adoration  in  silence  takes  place  through¬ 
out  the  whole  kingdom,  renders  it  truly 
awful  and  imposing.” 

Interspersed  throughout  the  vo¬ 
lumes  are  many  genuine  and  heart¬ 
rending  anecdotes  of  the  more  than 
savage  brutality  of  the  French  troops 
—  interwoven  with  gratifying  details 
of  the  consummate  skill  and  personal 
bravery  of  our  heroic  Military  Com¬ 
manders,  more  particularly  Welling¬ 
ton  and  Graham,  and  of  the  con¬ 
duct  and  unshaken  attachment  of  the 
British  Army,  from  the  memorable 
victory  on  the  heights  of  Barossa  in 
March  1811,  to  the  decisive  battle  of 
Vittoria,  the  defeat  of  Soult  in  the 
Pyrenees,  and  the  storming  and  cap¬ 
ture  of  St.  Sebastian,  all  which  were 
achieved  in  August  1813. 

Some  pleasing  specimens  of  Poetry 
are  occasionally  introduced. 

9 .  A  Second  Edition  of  the  Anecdotes  and 
History  of  Cranbourn  Chase .  By  Wil¬ 
liam  Chafin,  Clerk.  With  Additions , 
and  a  Continuation  of  the  said  History 
to  some  Extent.  To  which  are  added, 
some  Scenes  in,  and  Anecdotes  of  Wind¬ 
sor  Forest;  by  the  same  Author.  Bwo, 
pp.  103.  Nichols,  Son,  Bentley. 

IT  is  delightful  to  see  these  pleas¬ 
ant  effusions  of  a  green  old  age.  Of 
Mr.  Chafin  some  entertaining  anec¬ 
dotes  have  been  given,  by  himself,  in 
the  first  part  of  this  year’s  volume, 
p.  10.  The  present  Work  is  enriched 
by  some  lively  reminiscences;  one  of 
which  shall  be  here  extracted  : 

“  In  the  year  1751,  when  Henry  Wil¬ 
liam  Portman,  Esq.  the  father  of  the 
present  Member  for  the  County  of  Dor¬ 
set,  was  a  young  gentleman  at  Eton 
School,  being  much  interested  in  his  wel¬ 
fare,  I  made  a  point  of  calling  upon  him 
annually  during  his  stay  there,  and 
spending  an  evening  with  him,  and  some 
of  his  school-fellows,  at  the  Christopher 
Inn.  On  my  way  to  Cambridge  at  the 
time  of  the  Commencement,  and  about 
the  latter  end  of  June  that  year,  I  began 
my  journey  as  usual,  and  having  dined 
at  Bagshot,  took  the  cool  of  the  evening, 
for  the  weather  was  very  hot,  and  tra¬ 
velled  slowly  over  Ascot  -  heath,  and 
through  the  Forest,  until  I  came  in  view 
of  the  Grand  Lodge,  in  the  front  of  which, 
within  a  lofty  paling,  I  observed  some 
very  large  birds  playing  and  enjoying 
themselves  in  the  declining  sun  beams  ; 


and  finding  no  interruption,  nor  seeing 
any  person  near  the  place,  my  curiosity 
led  me  to  take  a  nearer  view  of  them. 
I  therefore  dismounted  in  the  great  road, 
fastened  my  horse  to  a  laurel  hedge, 
walked  through  a  path  which  led  to  the 
lawn,  where  I  saw  through  the  paling 
four  Ostriches,  birds  which  1  had  never 
seen  before,  a  cock,  and  three  hens,  and 
at  the  very  instant  I  was  looking  at,  and 
admiring  them,  an  amorous  intercourse 
took  place,  a  sight  which  I  imagined  few 
people  had  ever  seen.  Having  satisfied 
my  curiosity,  I  mounted  my  horse,  rode 
on  to  Eton,  and  joined  my  young  friends. 
On  my  telling  them  of  what  I  had  seen, 
I  found  that  it  was  nothing  rare,  and 
they  had  all  witnessed  the  same.  We 
spent  a  pleasant  evening  together,  talk¬ 
ing  of  the  various  amusements  most  in 
vogue  at  that  season,  such  as  fishing, 
cricket-playing,  and  other  boyish  sports, 
until  the  College  bell  gave  us  notice  to 
separate  and  depart. 

“  On  the  following  year,  within  a  few 
days  of  the  same  time,  I  took  the  same 
course,  dined  at  Bagshot  in  the  evening, 
passed  over  the  Heath  and  Forest  as 
before;  but  when  1  came  in  sight  of  the 
Duke’s  Lodge  I  was  greatly  disappointed, 
for  the  pales  were  all  removed,  and  no 
vestige  of  the  birds  remaining.  I  there¬ 
fore  pursued  my  way  on  the  broad  road 
leading  to  Windsor,  and  had  not  ad¬ 
vanced  far,  before  1  perceived  a  person 
in  the  royal  livery  with  some  dogs  fol¬ 
lowing  him  coming  towards  me :  we 
soon  met  and  accosted  each  other;  it 
was  Mr.  Ives,  the  Duke’s  chief  hunts¬ 
man,  and  sole  manager  and  director  of 
the  sporting  department  ;  we  were 
known  to  each  other,  for  Mr.  Ives  was 
a  very  intimate  friend  of  my  brother’s. 
In  conversing  together,  I  mentioned  to 
him  my  journey  of  the  last  year,  and  the 
disappointment  1  now  met  with,  in  not 
seeing  the  Ostriches,  but  1  hoped  they 
were  alive,  and  well.  He  then  informed  me, 
that  one  of  the  hens  died  soon  after  the 
time  when  I  saw  them,  and  her  death 
was  attributed  to  the  want  of  a  more 
extensive  range,  and  a  freer  circulation 
of  air;  that  they  were  therefore  removed 
to  a  much  more  spacious  enclosure  near 
to  the  Palace,  where  the  three  were  per¬ 
fectly  healthy  and  well.  On  my  men¬ 
tioning  to  him  what  I  had  the  summer 
before  seen,  and  asking  him  if  he  knew 
the  result,  he  informed  me,  that  the 
three  hens  had  laid  one  egg  each,  and 
that  the  Duke  had  been  in  hopes  that 
he  should  have  a  breed  from  them. 
And  that  the  most  experienced  persons 
in  Ornithology  had  been  consulted  and 
advised  with,  respecting  the  most  proper 
means  and  methods  tu  accomplish  such 

a  desi- 


52 


Review  of  New  Publications . 


a  desirable  event.  An  immense  stove 
was  erected  near  the  hot-houses,  and 
many  waggon-loads  of  fine  white  sand 
brought  from  the  forest  to  raise  a  high 
bank  in  the  stove,  in  which  the  three 
eggs  were  deposited,  and  a  constant  heat 
kept  up,  to  resemble  as  much  as  possible 
the  natural  scorching  heats  of  their  na¬ 
tive  deserts ;  after  remaining  in  this 
state  many  months,  they  were  taken  out 
and  examined,  and  were  all  found  defec¬ 
tive.  No  reflecting  person,  I  think, 
could  otherwise  expect.  Although,  by 
the  new  discoveries  and  inventions  of  ar¬ 
tificial  heat  from  fire  and  steam,  most 
of  the  products  of  the  known  world  are 
brought  to  perfection,  by  adapting  the 
heat,  as  nearly  as  art  can  do,  to  the 
atmosphere  of  their  respective  climates, 
and  a  dessert  for  the  table  of  the  choicest 
fruits  of  various  climes  may  be  produced; 
yet  as  well  may  it  be  attempted  by 
steam-engines  to  raise  the  wonders  of 
the  great  deep,  and  to  bring  the  riches 
of  the  oceart  before  the  eyes  of  man,  as 
to  presume  to  form  the  representation  of 
a  desert,  or  any  of  its  prolific  qualities, 
within  the  compass  of  an  hot -house. 
The  eggs  of  the  Ostrich  can  by  no  means 
be  brought  to  maturity,  but  in  the  hot 
sands  of  their  native  countries  :  those 
countries  which  the  Royal  Psalmist  de¬ 
scribes,  as  from  whence  the  Kings  of 
Arabia  and  Saba  shall  bring  gifts.” 

The  scenes  which  Mr.  Chafin  has  so 
pleasantly  described  in  Windsor  Forest 
may  possibly  attract  the  notice  even 
of  some  of  the  Royal  Family,  who 
may  not  be  indifferent  to  the  amuse¬ 
ments  of  their  antient  Relatives. 

One  material  point  this  publication 
has  fully  established  —  the  validity  of 
the  rights  and  privileges  claimed  and 
immemorially  enjoyed  by  the  Author’s 
Friend  and  Patron,  Lord  Rivers,  as 
owner  of  Cranbourn  Chase. 

From  a  communication  which  (un¬ 
sanctioned  by  the  worthy  Author  of 
this  curious  little  work)  had  been 
made  to  the  Gentlemen  of  Wiltshire, 
they  had  obtained  an  essential  benefit 
— as  they  were  thereby  perfectly  ac¬ 
quainted  with  the  nature  of  Mr.  Cha¬ 
im’s  evidence,  and  had  time  allowed 
them  to  consider  what  measure  to  fol¬ 
low.  The  Author’s  point  was  there¬ 
fore  gained  a  full  year  before  his  Anec¬ 
dotes  were  published,  and  all  Law 
process  hasconsequentlyceased.  They 
found,  on  investigation,  that  Mr.  Cha- 
fin’s  evidence  was  incontrovertible, 
and  therefore,  giving  up  thecause, pro¬ 
posed  an  amicable  compromise  with 
Lord  Rivers  for  his  rights  of  Chase. 


[July, 

The  whole  drift  and  plan  of  this 
second  edition  is,  to  establish  Lord 
Rivers’s  rights  of  Chase  for  ever; 
and  to  oppose,  with  all  the  Author’s 
might,  any  olfers  of  compromise; 
and  this  he  appears  to  have  most  ef¬ 
fectually  performed. 

10.  Northanger  Abbey :  and  Persuasion. 
By  the  Author  of  “  Pride  and  Preju¬ 
dice  ,”  “  Mansfield  Park/'  Me.  JVitk 
a  Biographical  Notice  of  the  Author, 

4  vols.  12  mo.  Murray. 

To  some  of  the  former  productions 
of  this  lady,  all  of  which  have  been 
favourably  received  by  the  pubiick,  we 
have  given  just  commendation  in  our 
vol.  LXXXVI.  ii.  248.  Of  the  pre¬ 
sent  volumes  the  most  affecting  part 
is  the  introductory  Memoir  of  Jane 
Austen  ;  whose  death  is  recorded  in 
vol.  LXXXVII.  ii.  p.  184. 

This  excellent  young  woman  was 
born  Dec.  16,  1775,  at  Steventon, 
Hants,  where  her  father  was  rector. 
He  was  a  good  scholar,  and  highly 
accomplished  in  every  province  of 
literature.  During  the  latter  period 
of  his  life,  he  resided  in  Bath,  and  on 
his  death,  his  widow  retired  to  South¬ 
ampton,  accompanied  by  our  autho¬ 
ress  and  another  daughter.  In  May 
1817,  the  health  of  Jane  Austen,  the 
subject  of  the  memoir,  rendered  it 
advisable  to  remove  to  Winchester, 
in  order  to  be  near  medical  aid  ;  and 
in  that  city  she  expired  July  24,  1817, 
and  was  buried  in  the  Cathedral. 

“  She  supported,  during  two  months, 
all  the  varying  pain,  irksomeness,  and 
tedium,  attendant  on  decaying  nature, 
with  more  than  resignation,  with  a  truly 
elastic  cheerfulness.  She  retained  her  fa¬ 
culties,  her  memory,  her  fancy,  her  tem¬ 
per,  and  her  affections,  warm,  clear,  and 
unimpaired,  to  the  last.  Neither  her  love 
of  God,  nor  of  her  fellow-creatures,  flag¬ 
ged  for  a  moment.  She  made  a  point  of 
receiving  the  sacrament  before  exces¬ 
sive  bodily  weakness  might  have  ren¬ 
dered  her  perception  unequal  to  her 
wishes.  She  wrote  whilst  she  could  hold 
a  pen,  and  with  a  pencil  when  a  pen 
was  become  too  laborious.  The  day  pre¬ 
ceding  her  death  she  composed  some 
stanzas  replete  with  fancy  and  vigour. 
Her  last  voluntary  speech  conveyed 
thanks  to  her  medical  attendant ;  and 
to  the  final  question  asked  of  her,  pur¬ 
porting  to  know  her  wants,  she  replied,  ' 
‘  1  want  nothing  but  death. ’—Of  per¬ 
sonal  attractions  she  possessed  a  consi¬ 
derable  share.  Her  stature  was  that  of 
true  elegance.  It  could  not  have  been 

increased 


53 


Review  of  New  Publications. 


1818.] 

increased  without  exceeding  the  middle 
height.  Her  carriageand  deportment  were 
quiet,  yet  graceful.  Her  features  were  se¬ 
parately  good.  Their  assern  blage  produced 
an  unrivalled  expression  of  that  cheerful¬ 
ness,  sensibility,  and  benevolence,  which 
were  her  real  characteristics.  Her  com¬ 
plexion  was  of  the  finest  texture.  It  might 
with  truth  be  said,  that  her  eloquent 
blood  spoke  through  her  modest  cheek. 
Her  voice  was  extremely  sweet.  She  deli¬ 
vered  herself  with  fluency  and  precision. 
Indeed  she  was  formed  for  elegant  and 
rational  society,  excelling  in  conversa¬ 
tion  as  much  as  in  composition.  In  the 
present  age  it  is  hazardous  to  mention 
accomplishments.  Our  authoress  would, 
probably,  have  been  inferior  to  few  in 
such  acquirements,  had  she  not  been 
so  superior  to  most  in  higher  things. 
She  had  not  only  an  excellent  taste  for 
drawing,  but,  in  her  earlier  days,  evinced 
great  power  of  hand  in  the  management  of 
the  pencil.  Her  own  musical  attainments 
she  held  very  cheap.  Twenty  years  ago 
they  would  have  been  thought  more  of, 
and  twenty  years  hence  many  a  parent 
will  expect  their  daughters  to  be  ap¬ 
plauded  for  meaner  performances.  She 
was  fond  of  dancing,  and  excelled  in  it.” 

The  two  Novels  now  published 
have  no  connexion  with  each  other. 
The  characters  in  both  are  principally 
taken  from  the  middle  ranks  of  life, 
and  are  well  supported.  Northanger 
Abbey,  however,  is  decidedly  pre¬ 
ferable  to  the  second  Novel,  not  only 
in  the  incidents,  but  even  in  its  moral 
tendency. 

11.  Attributes  of  Satan.  Hatchard. 

THISistheanonymousperformance 
of  some  very  able  writer,  a  master  in 
flexibility  of  mind  and  command  of 
language.  He  is  sometimes  serious, 
sometimes  ironical,  and  evidently 
well-intentioned  (though  on  that 
point  we  shall  have  somewhat  to  say 
hereafter) — as  well  as  plainly  a  man 
of  most  benevolent  sentiments.  The 
desultory  Reader  will  find  it  an 
amusing  essay ;  and  the  philosopher 
will  see  in  it  how  the  diffusion  of 
science  is  operating  upon  Religion, 
not,  as  before  theFrench  Revolution, 
to  calumniate  and  destroy,  but  to 
light  it  up  with  gas ,  in  splendid  ex¬ 
hibition. 

This  Work  is  not  likely  to  fall  into 
the  hands  of  ignorance,  and  so  to 
create  abuse ;  for  there  we  much  fear 
it  would  be  sadly  misconstrued.  We 
have  read  much  upon  the  Devil ;  sense 


and  nonsense.  We  have  presumed 
that  this  Author  is  well-intentioned, 
as  endeavouring  to  produce  strength 
of  mind  by  removing  fears  and  fol¬ 
lies;  but  we  think  the  subject,  as  he 
has  lightly  treated  it,  one  which  may 
be  artfully  warped  to  the  support  of 
Infidelity  :  and  therefore,  in  a  future 
edition,  some  serious  Scriptural  quo¬ 
tations,  properly  explained,  should  be, 
in  our  opinion,  judiciously  added. 

There  seem  to  be  some  leading  pre¬ 
possessions  and  omissions,  tending  to 
error,  common  upon  the  subject  of 
the  fallen  Angel.  The  chief  is,  that 
there  are  two  distinct  principles  of 
good  and  evil,  God  and  the  Devil. 
This  is  impossible  ;  the  latter  being 
created  and  dependent,  allowed, 
as  our  Author  very  properly  ob¬ 
serves,  (p.  23.  seq.)  to  do  evil,  that 
God  may  produce  good  from  it.  The 
old  Commentators  on  the  Lord’s 
Prayer  observe,  that  when  we  pray 
“  deliver  us  from  evil”  by  evil  is 
meant  o  Uovnpog,  or  the  Devil:  nor 
does  Scripture  admit  moral  evil  to 
have  any  other  authors,  except  abuses 
of  the  passions.  These  old  Commen¬ 
tators  say,  that  in  the  above  petition 
we  deprecate  the  abstract  vices  of 
the  mind,  infidelity,  self-sufficiency, 
heresy,  Gibbonism,  Yoltaireism,  Mal¬ 
let’s  weak  wife  with  her  “  Sir ,  We 
Deists,”  and  all  that  farrago  of  happy 
self-satisfaction.  But  the  doctrine  of 
Scripture  is  simple.  A  thing  must  be 
before  it  can  be  any  thing  else  ;  and 
the  properties  of  every  thing  what¬ 
ever  must  exist  in  the  primary  being. 
Free-will  was  a  communicated  pro¬ 
perty,  and  placed  in  poise,  upon  a 
fulcrum,  but  capable  of  amoval  by 
wrong  volition.  This  is  the  meaning 
of  ihe  Apostles,  when  they  say,  that 
the  Devil  has  no  power,  unless  there 
is  a  previous  corruption  of  mind. 
When  we  see  a  corpse,  and  say,  that 
God  created  man,  we  do  not  mean, 
that  he  created  him  a  putrid  carcase  ; 
only  that  he  permits  him  under  cir¬ 
cumstances  to  become  so.  Therefore 
God  did  not  create  evil,  purposely 
and  intentionally  ;  he  only  permitted 
evil  to  result  The  Devil, therefore,  is 
a  deteriorated  superior  being, through 
erroneous  volition,  and  permitted  to 
exist  in  such  deteriorated  state.  “  As 
to  the  question  (says  our  Author) 
why  Angels  Of  the  first  order,  dwell¬ 
ing  in  the  beatifying  presence  of  their 
Maker,  should  have  apostatized,  we 

are 


54 


Review  of  New  Publications. 


are  left  totally  in  the  dark' . No 

measure  hostile  to  the  designs  of  the 
Deity  can  be  projected  without  his 
knowledge.  But  that  which  he  knows 
to  have  been  projected,  and  to  be 
beginning  to  advance,  and  yet  does 
not  prevent,  is  destined  to  be  a  link 
in  that  concatenation  of  events,  in 
which  we  discern  the  system  of  his 
Government.”  This  is  admirable  $ 
for  it  shows,  that  free-will,  when  dis¬ 
posed  to  counteract  the  Divine  pur¬ 
poses  becomes  folly ;  and  that  the  mo¬ 
ment  the  Devil  listened  to  corrupt  im¬ 
pulse,  h e  forgot  the  prescience  of  the 
Deity,  and  was  ruined. 

i  2.  Religious  Liberty,  stated  and  en¬ 
forced  on  the  Principles  of  Scripture 
and  Common  Sense,  in  Six  Essays,  with 
Notes  and  an  Appendix .  By  Thomas 
Williams.  London,  Bvo.  pp.  224.  Wil¬ 
liams  Sf  Co. 

THE  situation  of  a  Reviewer  is 
often  that  of  a  person  obliged  to 
take  a  journey  on  horseback,  in  the 
heat  of  summer,  when  the  horse,  an¬ 
noyed  by  the  flies,  leaves  him  no  com¬ 
fortable  leisure,  through  jerking  and 
tossing,  and  stopping  and  kicking. 
Still  there  is  no  remedy  for  flies  but 
placing  the  horse  in  a  cool  stable, 
without  a  halter.  This  is  precisely 
the  situation  in  which  we  now  are. 
Mr.  Williams’s  book  is  the  horse, 
haltered  by  the  Test  Acts.  The  pri¬ 
vileges  of  the  Established  Church  gall 
him  ;  they  are  the  flies,  State  consi¬ 
derations,  which  he  compels  us  to 
encounter ;  and  he  thinks  that  a  don¬ 
key  is  entitled  to  a  stall  equally  with 
a  race-horse:  a  field-preacher  with  a 
prelate.  We  mean  nothing  disre¬ 
spectful  to  the  talents  or  learning  of 
Mr.  Williams  ;  we  think  him,  on  the 
contrary,  in  a  literary  view,  entitled 
to  praise,  and  we  perfectly  agree  with 
him  in  reprobating  every  species  of 
religious  persecution.  We  think  Es¬ 
say  VI.  p.  117,  or  Historic  Sketch 
of  the  Rise  and  Progress  of  Intoler¬ 
ance  (barring  an  unjust  slander  of  the 
Bishops,  p.  156)  highly  useful;  but 
Mr.  Williams  must  be  considered  as 
the  writer  of  a  party;  and  would  it 
had  been  our  lot  to  have  seen  him 
(as  being  a  diligent,  meritorious  au¬ 
thor)  where  we  could  have  met  with¬ 
out  difference  of  opinion  upon  ques¬ 
tions  of  principle :  for  certainly  a  wri¬ 
ter  on  religious  liberty  should  not 
sneer  or  misrepresent ;  yet  such  is  the 


[Ju|y> 

fact.  Mr.  Williams  says,  that  by  the 
use  of  the  Athanasian  Creed  and  the 
Commination  we  curse  one  another 
in  our  Prayers  and  Creed  (p.  8.)  It  is 
plainly  not  so.  Both  the  articles  con¬ 
tain  simple  texts  of  Scripture,  or  ma¬ 
nifest  deductions  from  them,  which 
condemn  offenders  in  those  points. 
It  is  the  Scripture  only  which  con¬ 
demns:  and  we  simply  express  our 
assent  to  what  that  dictates. 

It  is  not  within  our  limits  or  our 
inclination  to  set  out  on  a  shooting 
party,  in  a  wood  full  of  man-traps: 
and  much  in  the  same  light  do  we 
view  Polemicks.  We  respect  the  cir¬ 
cumspect  and  virtuous  conduct  of 
very  numerous  Dissenters;  we  so¬ 
lemnly  believe  that  they  have  pro¬ 
moted  much  virtue  and  piety  among 
the  lower  orders ;  but  we  must  con¬ 
tend  for  some  very  high  and  im¬ 
portant  obligations  due  to  the 
Church  of  England.  We  seriously 
believe  that,  from  the  thinness  of  the 
population  in  places  without  num¬ 
ber,  there  must  be  an  Established 
Clergy,  paid  by  the  State,  because, 
otherwise,  people  must  go  fourteen, 
miles  to  church,  as  in  parts  of  Ame¬ 
rica,  and  there  would  soon  be  no  re¬ 
ligion  in  the  Country.  We  also  pe¬ 
remptorily  affirm,  that  the  tendency 
and  purport  of  the  Epistles  in  the 
New  Testament  is  to  create  an  Es¬ 
tablished  Church ,  deriving  its  main¬ 
tenance  from  the  publick,  and  formed 
upon  a  particular  Creed  tolerating 
nothing  but  things  indifferent.  We 
deny  that  Scripture  permits  any  man, 
or  bodies  of  men,  to  profess  publicly 
what  doctrines  they  please ;  and  all 
to  be  held  in  equal  estimation.  And 
as  to  all  men  having  a  right  to  wor¬ 
ship  God  in  what  way  they  please,  it 
is  nonsense;  for  no  man  can  prevent 
it:  but  public  exhibition  of  sen¬ 
timents  is  quite  another  question.  It 
would  be  impossible  to  endure  any 
profession  of  faith  which  rejects  the 
New  Testament  as  its  basis.  It  would 
ruin  European  society. 

We  shall  dismiss  this  article  with 
observing,  that  religious  restraints  are 
not  any  acts  of  the  Church  of  Eng¬ 
land,  foundefl  upon  doctrine  or  into¬ 
lerance  ;  but  have  been  purely  State 
measures,  arising  out  of  the  times. 
As  to  the  propriety  of  Religious  Es¬ 
tablishments,  it  is  universally  allowed 
in  political  science,  that  they  have 
a  bearing  to  Monarchy, and  dissidency 

to 


55 


Review  of  New  Publications . 


1818.] 

to  a  Republic:  and  that  the  latter  is 
an  impracticable  form  of  Govern¬ 
ment  in  all  great  nations :  at  least, 
that  all  nations,  arrived  to  a  certain 
pitch,  merge  in  Monarchy.  Buona¬ 
parte  revived  Religion  in  the  form  of 
an  establishment,  upon  the  same  prin¬ 
ciple  of  its  being  an  indispensable 
support  to  his  Crown. 

We  shall  be  glad  to  see  Mr.  Wil¬ 
liams  in  any  other  dress  than  in  this 
watchman’s  great  coat,  and  springing 
his  rattle  when  there  is  no  danger  of 
fire  or  thieves.  A  clever  and  amiable 
Dissenter  once  said  to  the  writer  of 
this  article,  “  We  have  had  no  per¬ 
secution  this  forty  years,  and  are 
losing  ground.  We  want  a  little  to 
get  forward  again.”  Modern  Arch¬ 
bishops  of  Canterbury  are  better  po¬ 
liticians  than  their  predecessors. 

13.  Annual  Biography  and  Obituary, 

8vo.  Longman  and  Co. 

THE  present  volume  does  not  yield 
to  its  predecessor  in  affording  informa¬ 
tion  and  amusement.  Many  of  the 
articles  (allowing  for  a  few  inaccura¬ 
cies)  are  extremely  well  written;  and 
in  general  the  biography  appears  to 
have  been  derived  from  authentic  or 
original  sources  of  communication : 
this  remark  particularly  applies  to 
the  memoirs  of  Sir  Herbert  Croft,  of 
Mr.  Williams  the  Founder  of  the  Li¬ 
terary  Fund,  of  Thompson  during 
almost  half  a  century  a  professional 
author,  of  the  amiable  traveller  Ir¬ 
win,  and  the  disinterested  Dr.  Disney. 
Among  the  political  memoirs  we  ob¬ 
served  with  approbation  those  of 
Horner,  Curran,  and  Ponsonby,  not 
omitting  the  life  of  Henry  Erskine, 
one  of  the  most  accomplished  ora¬ 
tors  that  Scotland  has  produced. 

We  regret  that  the  plan  of  this  use¬ 
ful  Work  is  not  more  extended.  In 
Germany,  the  most  literary  coun¬ 
try  in  Europe,  abundant  examples 
might  be  found  of  poets  and  philo¬ 
sophers  who  deserve  honourable 
mention  in  these  volumes.  We  will 
venture  to  suggest  that  Italy  also 
offers  many  illustrious  candidates 
for  fame,  whose  claims  ought  to  be 
recognized  in  a  Work  conducted  on 
liberal  and  independent  principles. 

14.  Travels  in  Europe  and  Africa,  by 

Col,  Keatinge,  Author  of  a  History  of 

the  Conquest  o/'Mexico,  <3fc.  Compris¬ 
ing  a  Journey  through  France,  Spain, 


and  Portugal,  to  Morocco :  also  a  Se¬ 
cond  Tour  through  France  in  1814. 

Quarto  t  with  thirty-four  plates. 

THIS  splendid  Work  is  dedicated 
to  his  Royal  Highness  the  Duke  of 
Gloucester,  whose  distinguished  and 
manly  exertions  in  the  cause  of 
humanity  have  endeared  him  to  the 
community  at  large. 

The  most  profitable  and  useful  kinds 
of  travels  are  those  which  contain 
true  and  correct  statements  of  a  mo¬ 
ral,  political,  geographical,  agricul¬ 
tural,  commercial,  and  geological 
nature,  together  with  a  just  account 
of  the  institutions  and  customs  in  dif¬ 
ferent  climates  and  countries,  which 
chiefly  influence  the  manners  and 
conduct  of  their  inhabitants,  as  well 
as  some  of  the  measures  of  their  go¬ 
vernments. 

The  Work  now  before  us  is  divided 
into  two  volumes :  the  first  volume 
treats  of  France  and  Spain  ;  and  the 
second  contains  the  Author’s  voyage 
from  Mogador  to  South  Barbary. 

Spain  has  been  so  much  the  selected 
theatre  of  romantic  adventure,  the 
recital  of  which  delighted  our  early 
youth,  anxious  as  the  mind  is  to  con¬ 
template  the  scenes  so  interestingly 
depicted  by  the  inimitable  Cervantes 
and  Le  Sage,  that  the  intervening 
tracts  of  Europe  seem  to  be  a  dull 
and  unprofitable  path  ;  and  it  may  be 
truly  asserted  that  few  countries  pre¬ 
sent  more  striking  beauties  or  de¬ 
lightful  scenes.  The  Author  well  de¬ 
scribes  his  sensations  on  arriving  at 
the  stupendous  and  magnificent 
mountains  of  Mountserrat. 

“  The  View  of  the  Monastery  is  taken 
from  the  vicinity  of  the  priory  which  is 
on  the  opposite  side  of  the  ravine  or  glen, 
and  passed  in  approaching  it  by  the  Ca- 
mino  de  la  Herradura.  This  priory  is 
delightfully  situated  under  a  cliff,  and 
hence  is  perhaps  the  most  aweful  view 
downwards  that  the  place  possesses.  The 
good  prior  seemed,  and  may  indeed  be 
concluded  a  happy  man.  His  table  was 
most  plentifully  covered  in  its  way ;  that 
is,  with  fruits,  sweets,  and  farinaceous 
food,  all  the  best  of  their  kinds;  various 
wines  sparkled  on  it  in  cut-glass,  and 
the  service  was  of  English  delft,  received 
through  Barcelona.  All  was  elegance 
and  decorum.  He  delighted  in  every  thing 
English,  and  had  covered  the  walls  of 
his  refectory  with  high-coloured  London 
caricature  prints,  which  he  shewed  with 
great  exultation  to  such  persons  as  he 
understood  came  from  that  country,  ex¬ 
claiming 


56 


[July, 


Review  of  New  Publications. 


claiming  and  repeating  vehemently,  and 
with  exultation,  ‘  Shakspeare!  Shaks- 
peare!’  The  great  poet  and  moralist 
is,  in  the  eyes  of  the  Continental  people, 
our  Owlen  Spiegel,  if  the  latter  be  not 
a  metaphysical  personage. 

ts  From  the  level  of  the  bed  of  the 
Llobregat,  which  is  schistous  rock  here 
at  Monistrol  at  the  foot  of  the  moun¬ 
tain,  the  skirts  of  it,  an  accumulation 
of  masses  of  dilapidation  of  various 
sizes,  but  generally  uniform,  approach¬ 
ing  a  quadrangular  shape,  rise  at  an 
angle  of  forty-five  degrees  with  the  ho¬ 
rizon.  A  zig-zag  ascent  of  between  two 
and  three  hours  among  the  fragments, 
and  above  them,  brings  the  visitor  to 
the  circuitous  road  which  girds  the 
mountain,  somewhat  a  horizontal  level, 
and  which  affords  the  best  picturesque 
views.  Above  this  line  of  road  rise 
the  vast  columns,  partly  cylindrical, 
partly  conical,  perpendicular,  slightly  in¬ 
clined,  or  impending,  as  circumstances 
governed  the  arrangement;  but  all 
equally  impressive  of  ideas  of  sublimity, 
of  awe,  and  of  astonishment  at  the 
wonder-working  hand  of  Providence,  all 
demonstrative  equally  of  the  beauti¬ 
ful  regulation  of  Nature;  demonstra¬ 
tive  equally  of  the  uniform  application 
of  her  principles,  and  of  the  indiffer¬ 
ence  wherewith  those  things  we  call 
scales  are  wielded  by  her  powerful  arm.” 

At  page  97,  we  meet  with  a  most 
singular  bull-fight,  and  although  these 
scenes  have  been  so  often  described, 
yet  the  present  contains  incidents  of 
such  rare  occurrence  as  to  appear  al¬ 
most  incredible. 

“  Much  as  the  subject  of  bull-fights 
has  been  detailed,  one  exhibition  at 
the  amphitheatre  at  Madrid  is  worth 
preserving,  from  its  probable  singula¬ 
rity.  It  was  performed  by  a  Peruvian. 
A  noose  was  thrown  over  the  horns  of 
the  fiercest  of  the  bulls,  and  by  this  he  was 
hauled  to  a  block  strongly  planted  for 
the  occasion  in  the  earth.  So  secured, 
a  saddle  was  girthed  on  him,  and  he 
was  then  turned  loose.  His  rage  and 
struggles  may  be  conceived.  The  Indian 
of  the  primitive  race  of  Peruvians  en¬ 
tered  the  arena,  made  his  obeisance  to 
the  spectators,  and  instantly  leaped  on  the 
animal’s  back.  The  quadruped’s  rage 
and  efforts,  under  this  accumulation  of 
wrong,  redoubled  ;  but  speedily  another 
bull  was  turned  into  him.  His  fury  was 
now  diverted  from  his  heterogeneous  op¬ 
pressor  to  his  natural  antagonist,  in  all 
the  bitterness  of  true  fraternal  enmity. 
The  two  quadrupeds  fought.  Still,  how¬ 
ever,  in  all  the  rage  of  natural  excita¬ 
tion,  he  who  bore  the  burthen  showed  by 
4 


interludes  that  it  galled  him.  The  ser¬ 
vices  of  an  ally  by  no  means  compen¬ 
sated  the  opprobrium  of  the  unconge¬ 
nial  assistance.  The  Peruvian  was  arm¬ 
ed  and  supplied  with  short  lances.  At 
every  charge  which  the  horned  combat¬ 
ants  made  at  each  other,  he  lodged  one 
of  these  in  the  body  of  the  antagonist  bull, 
which,  after  sustaining  the  loss  of  blood 
for  about  half  an  hour,  fell  exhausted 
upon  the  sands.  This  service  duly  per¬ 
formed  to  his  own,  the  good  ally  drew  a 
dagger  from  his  side,  and  with  a  con¬ 
temporaneous  effort  stabbed  his  prot£g6 
in  the  mortal  part,  disengaged  himself, 
springing  off  his  back  as  the  bull  fell 
prostrate  under  the  blow,  made  his  obei¬ 
sance  to  the  spectators,  and  exit  from 
the  arena.  This  grand  finale  of  the  con¬ 
test  was  altogether  scarcely  the  work 
of  five  seconds.  April  10,  1 814.” 

The  remaining  part  of  Spain  in¬ 
cludes  interesting  reflections  on  its 
manufactories,  public  spectacles,  pic¬ 
tures,  Spanish  character,  and  domes¬ 
tic  habits;  public  mode  of  living  at 
thesitios,  Segovia,  Spanish  sheep,  dis¬ 
advantages  of  the  shepherd  system, 
the  drama,  true  interest  of  Spain, 
state  of  the  clergy,  influence  of  the 
inquisition,  religious  ceremonies,  cru¬ 
elties  towards  the  Jews  ;  La  Mancha, 
its  geological  features,  view  of  civil 
society,  picture  of  a  Spanish  country 
gentleman;  honorary  distinctions;  ab¬ 
stemiousness,  a  leading  feature  in  the 
Spaniard;  cavalry  the  fittest  troops 
to  be  employed  in  Spain;  its  military 
importance;  route  from  Etruria  to 
Bagdat,  fecundity  of  the  soil;  Cadiz, 
its  bay,  and  shippiug.  In  the  discus¬ 
sion  of  these  subjects  the  Author  has 
exhibited  considerable  talents  and  ex¬ 
tensive  knowledge  of  the  world,  com¬ 
bined  with  sentiments  congenial  to 
the  best  interests  of  mankind. 

The  second  part  opens  with  a  nar¬ 
rative  of  the  Author’s  voyage  to  Mo- 
gador  in  South  Barbary,  an  account 
of  the  arrival  of  the  Embassy  at  Mo- 
gador,  and  a  description  of  its  inba- 
habitants,  fortifications,  and  shifting 
sands,  religious  customs,  ceremony  on 
approaching  the  Emperor,  and  recep¬ 
tion  of  the  Embassy.  This  is  the 
most  curious  and  valuable  part  of  the 
volume,  and  contains  scenery  entirely 
new  to  the  European  Reader  : 

“  Mogador  (April  1784).  The  first  idea 
which  strikes  a  stranger’s  mind  here  is, 
the  cleanliness  that  prevails  around, 
from  the  white-washed  houses  and  white 
clothing  of  the  people.  On  entering  these 

houses. 


1818.1  Review  of  New  Publications .  57 


houses,  indeed,  some  falling  off  is  per¬ 
ceivable  in  this  respect ;  yet,  where  the 
religion  of  a  State  makes  this  virtue  of 
the  second  class  an  article  of  duty,  it 
cannot  but  be  attended  with  consider¬ 
able  results.  Here  are  about  thirty 
houses  of  different  nations  of  Europe, 
whose  inmates  live  in  an  intercourse  of 
amity  and  hospitality,  uninfluenced  and 
unbroken  by  the  squabbles  of  the  parent 
states.  Here  is  at  present  a  prohibition 
of  any  person  landing  on  any  part  of 
the  shore  of  the  bay,  save  at  the  town- 
gate.  Whether  it  will  be  continued  be¬ 
yond  the  period  of  the  residence  of  the 
Sultan,  now  encamped  near  the  little 
river  and  battery,  is  unascertained.  The 
streets  here  are  rectilineal,  and  barely 
w'ide  enough  to  admit  a  loaded  camel. 
This  last  circumstance,  their  narrowness, 
strikes  the  eye  the  more  strongly,  from 
the  considerable  height  to  which  the 
houses  are  carried  up.  The  streets  are 
thronged  by  foot-passengers,  all  in  a 
hurry,  discussing  apparently  with  most 
vehement  gesticulation ;  and  the  open 
places  are  tilled  with  groupes  sitting  in 
the  shade  cross-legged,  enveloped  in  loose 
clothing,  and  in  silent  gravity.  The 
tall  stature,  manly  countenances,  and 
regular  features  of  the  youth,  and  long 
beard  of  the  aged  Moors,  with  their 
light  drapery  falling  in  redundant  folds 
to  the  feet,  and  cast  in  the  most  pictu¬ 
resque  manner  over  the  head,  afford  a 
living  exemplification  of  the  most  beau¬ 
tiful  remains  from  the  Grecian  chisel!” 

The  Sultan  is  described  as  the  rich 
man  of  the  Port,  his  life  being  passed 
in  constructing  and  dilapidating.  A 
Genoese  renegade  was  employed  as 
his  architect,  who  had  exhibited  in 
the  Author’s  estimation  as  geat  talents 
as  some  of  his  brethren  of  more  sci¬ 
entific  nations.  Their  style  of  archi¬ 
tecture  is  light  and  airy,  and  harmo¬ 
nises  with  the  people  who  inhabit  the 
structure,  as  well  as  with  the  climate 
wherein  they  are  placed.  The  houses 
are  constructed  on  the  principle  pre¬ 
valent  in  Spain,  inclosing  an  uncover¬ 
ed  court  or  area,  round  which  are  gal¬ 
leries  communicating  with  the  apart¬ 
ments  on  each  floor.  On  the  house¬ 
top  is  usually  a  turret.  The  family 
live  on  the  first  floor,  the  store-rooms, 
ware-rooms,  and  stabling  being  be¬ 
low.  The  plan  appears  to  be  admir¬ 
ably  adapted  to  the  climate.  There 
are  no  openings  or  windows  to  the 
street,  and  a  delightful  coolness  aud 
silence  reigns  through  the  whole 
building,  the  bustling  of  the  town  not 
pervading  the  walls,  which  are  en- 
Gent.  Mao.  July,  181b. 


tered  within  through  one  large  door. 
These  close  walls  are  formed  by  ram¬ 
ming  or  butting,  or  rather  puddling, 
pise ,  as  the  French  term  it,  with  a 
mixture  of  rubble,  clay,  and  lime,  iu 
framed  cases  of  wood  upon  trusses. 

The  primary  articles  of  life  are 
here  in  a  cheapness  almost  below 
calculation.  The  sea  abounds  with 
varieties  of  excellent  fish.  The  butch¬ 
er,  according  to  the  Mussulman,  cuts 
the  fat,  which  hears  a  high  price,  and 
Europeans  are  obliged  to  pay  an  en¬ 
hancement  to  retain  it  for  their  own 
tables. 

Towards  the  latter  end  of  May  the 
Embassy  received  notice  for  quitting 
Mogador,  and  proceeded  on  its  route 
to  Morocco,  where  it  safely  arrived 
after  a  tedious  journey  of  five  days. 

“  Our  advance  was  thus  continued  to¬ 
wards  the  City,  notwithstanding  all  the 
complimentary  obstructions  and  difficul¬ 
ties  thrown  in  its  way.  Here  vast  mul¬ 
titudes  received  us  with  loud  huzzas  ; 
and  all  the  wall-tops  and  battlements 
were  covered  and  filled  with  crowds  of 
women,  muffled,  however,  up  to  t  he  eyes, 
to  view  our  arrival.  Exhausted  by  heat, 
deafened  by  noise,  and  nearly  stifled  by 
crowds  and  dust,  we  entered  the  vener¬ 
able  gate  of  the  City,  and  within  the 
precincts  of  its  lofty,  dingy,  and  moul¬ 
dering  walls,  proceeding  through  new 
crowds,  between  dead  walls,  over  heaps 
of  dilapidating  ruins  and  suffocating 
dunghills,  we  at  an  unexpected  turn, 
and  by  instant  transition,  found  our¬ 
selves  at  once  in  a  delightful  garden,  se¬ 
cluded,  silent,  shaded,  verdant,  arid 
cool,  and  at  full  liberty  to  take  our  re¬ 
pose.  At  the  time  which  best  suited 
his  Majesty,  the  Sultan  admitted  the 
Embassy  to  his  presence  by  a  sudden 
and  summary  order.” 

The  remainder  of  the  Author’s  de¬ 
tails  relative  to  Morocco  embraces 
various  views  of  its  politics  and  in¬ 
terior  economy,  amusements,  popu¬ 
lation,  religion,  and  topography  ;  of 
which  our  confined  limits  prevent  the 
most  transitory  glance,  but  the  pe¬ 
rusal  of  which  will  amply  repay  the 
time  and  patience  of  the  Reader. 

The  Author  quitted  Morocco  on 
the  27th  of  May,  and  arrived  in  se¬ 
ven  days  at  Tangier,  from  whence  he 
embarked  for  Spain,  and  landed  at 
Tariffa.  In  the  subsequent  pages  he 
describes  the  Grand  Amphitheatre  at 
Santi  Ponce,  Seville,  the  Andalusian 
women,  Xeres,  Merida,  Badajos  on 
the  banks  of  Guadiapa  ;  moral  cha¬ 
racter 


58 


Review  of  New  Publications.  [July, 


racier  of  the  Spaniards  ;  Portugal,- 
the  earthquake  there  j  the  statues  at 
Belem  ;  policy  of  France  as  to  Spain 
and  Portugal ;  and  return  to  England. 

The  second  journey  through  France 
in  1814,  comprehends  an  account  of 
the  country  from  Calais  to  the  Pyre¬ 
nees,  with  various  particulars  rela¬ 
tive  to  the  Agriculture,  Architecture, 
and  state  of  the  Fine  Arts  in  France. 
The  Itinerary  at  the  end  of  the  vo¬ 
lume  is  embellished  with  various  in¬ 
teresting  views  taken  by  the  Author, 
The  Duke  of  Wellington’s  head  quar¬ 
ters,  river  Garonne;  upper  passage 
of  the  Garonne,  the  Duke  of  Wel¬ 
lington  passed  twenty  thousand  troops, 
View  up  the  Garonne,  near  the  pass 
of  Larot,  &c.  &c. 

15.  Specimens  in  Eccentric  circular 
Turning ,  with  practical  Instructions 
for  producing  corresponding  pieces  in 
that  Art.  Illustrated  by  Copper-plate 
Engravings,  and  Cuts  referring  to,  and 
explaining  the  different figures  to  be  exe¬ 
cuted.  By  J.  H.  Ibbetson.  %vo.  pp.  86. 

FEW  Gentlemen  who  have  the  least 
mechanical  turn,  are  insensible  to  the 
merits  of  the  lathe,  as  subservient  to 
gentle  exercise  and  ingenious  amuse¬ 
ment,  not  without  utility.  But  very 
few  indeed  have  made  the  progress 
in  it,  which  this  gentleman  seems  to 
have  attained.  Few  professional  Tur¬ 
ners  havegoneso  far  into  the  mysteries 
of  fancy-turning,  as  this  amateur  has 
proceeded.  Most  of  those,  indeed, 
content  themselves  with  pursuing 
those  branches  of  their  trade  in  which 
their  profit  comes  most  readily;  and 
think  little  of  refinements,  in  which 
a  select  few  only  can  find  their  ad¬ 
vantage. 

Mr.  Ibbetson  is,  perhaps,  the  first 
author  who  has  attempted  to  eluci¬ 
date  the  practical  process  by  which 
those  French  snuff-boxes  are  orna¬ 
mented,  which  we  are  all  so  accus¬ 
tomed  to  admire.  He  laments  that 
other  practical  men  have  not  been 
equally  communicative  ;  and  says,  that 
“  he  has  sensibly  felt  the  advantage 
he  would  have  derived,  could  he  have 
informed  himself  of  the  progress 
which  had  been  made  by  others;  and 
be  regrets  the  information  that  has 
daily  escaped  him,  for  want  of  a  re¬ 
ciprocity  of  communication  among 
his  contemporary  Turners.”  He  de¬ 
termined,  therefore,  to  act  differently ; 
but  has  hitherto  been  prevented  “by 
the  great  expence  of  getting  the  ne- 

7 


cessary  engravings  executed;  indeed 
the  almost  impossibility  of  gettiug 
them  done  at  all.” — He  “has,  however, 
never  abandoned  his  object;  and  pur¬ 
suing  it,  has  at  length  constructed  a 
piece  of  machinery  which  enables 
him  to  engrave  the  copper- plates 
himself.” 

We  give  Mr.  I.  the  highest  credit 
for  this  application  of  his  ingenuity; 
which  has  been  completely  successful. 
His  plates  exhibit  the  most  distinct 
representation  of  the  objects  intended, 
executed  in  the  neatest  manner.  It 
appears  that  the  great  art  of  produ¬ 
cing  these  surprising  effects  of  the 
lathe  consists  in  dividing  the  work; 
and  forming  several  sets  of  circles 
successively,  which  when  all  united 
shall  produce  a  most  beautiful,  and 
not  less  astonishing  effect.  W'e  have 
consequently,  after  the  copper-plate 
which  represents  the  pattern  intended, 
a  succession  of  wood-cuts,  exhibiting 
the  first,  second,  and  even,  in  some 
cases,  as  far  as  the  seventeenth  set  of 
circles,  which  are  required  to  be  pro¬ 
duced  ;  with  directions  for  conduct¬ 
ing  the  process  in  every  step.  There 
is  something  so  neat  and  elegant  in 
these  delineations,  that  even  without 
being  practised  in  the  art,  it  is  im¬ 
possible  not  to  be  pleased  with  their 
appearance  and  effect. 

Plate  the  Third  represents  a  pat¬ 
tern,  which  we  have  often  admired 
when  executed,  but  which  is  by  no 
means  the  most  elaborate,  being  pro¬ 
duced  by  only  five  different  sets  of 
circles.  It  is  not  a  little  extraordi¬ 
nary  that  any  mechanical  processes, 
of  so  much  intricacy,  can  be  explained 
in  so  clear  a  manner  as  is  here  effect¬ 
ed  :  and  we  cannot  possibly  doubt  that 
Mr.  Ibbetson’s  book  will  be  establish¬ 
ed  as  a  correct  manual ;  for  the  use 
of  all  amateur  Turners,  at  least,  w  ho 
aspire  to  distinction  in  this  ornamen¬ 
tal  and  curious  branch  of  the  art. 

The  Work  contains  only  86  pages, 
exclusive  of  the  Introduction,  but  is 
of  necessity  put  at  a  high  price  (for 
its  size)  on  account  of  the  embellish¬ 
ments  and  illustrations.  Turning  is 
capable  of  still  higher  exertions. 
We  have  been  told,  at  least,  that  even 
portraits  and  figures  have  been  exe¬ 
cuted  in  that  manner.  It  will  remain 
for  our  Author  to  pursue  his  taste 
and  amusement,  in  this  art,  till  he 
shall  be  able  to  give  precepts,  even 
in  th  ose  higher  branches  of  its  capa¬ 
bility. 


LITE- 


[  59  ] 

LITERARY  INTELLIGENCE. 


I 


The  Continuation  of  Sir  Richard 
Hoare’s  History  of  Ancient  Wiltshire 
will,  in  the  course  of  the  ensuing  season, 
be  presented  to  the  Publick.  It  is  written 
on  the  same  plan  as  the  former  pub¬ 
lication  of  South  Wiltshire,  and  will 
describe  the  Antiquities  worthy  of  re¬ 
mark  in  the  Northern  district  of  the 
County,  with  many  Illustrations  en¬ 
graved  by  Messrs.  Cooke,  Basire, &e. &c. 

We  committed  an  error  in  stating 
(Part  I.  p.  539.)  that  the  Abridgment  of 
the  English  Dictionary  of  the  Rev.  J.  H. 
Todd  was  undertaken  under  his  own  di¬ 
rection;  he  having  found  it  necessary, 
on  account  of  the  state  of  his  health,  to 
decline  any  concern  whatever  in  it.  This 
important  task  will  be  executed  by 
Alexander  Chalmers,  Esq.  F.S.  A.  We 
are  happy,  however,  to  announce  a  va¬ 
luable  professional  Work  by  the  former 
gentleman,  viz.  “Original  Sin,  Free  will, 
Grace,  Regeneration,  Justification,  Faith, 
Good  Works,  and  Universal  Redemption, 
as  maintained  in  certain  Declarations  of 
our  Reformers,  which  are  the  ground¬ 
work  of  the  Articles  of  our  Established 
Church  upon  these  subjects  :  with  an 
important  Account  of  the  Subscription 
to  the  Articles  in  1604,  and  an  Histo¬ 
rical  and  Critical  Introduction  to  the 
whole.  By  the  Rev.  Henry  John  Todd, 
M.  A.  F.  S.  A.  Chaplain  in  Ordinary  to 
his  Majesty,  and  Keeper  of  the  Arch¬ 
bishop  of  Canterbury’s  Records.” 

Nearly  ready  for  Publication : 

“  The  Cathedral  Antiquities  of  Eng¬ 
land  By  J.  Britton,  F.  S.  A.  No. 
XVII.  being  No.  III.  of  York  Cathedral. 
—  Also,  by  the  same  Author,  No.  I.  of 
“  Chronological  and  Historical  Illustra¬ 
tions  of  Antient  English  Architecture.” 
This  Number  contains  the  following 
Engravings  of  early  specimens  of  the 
Circular  style :  1.  Ground-Plan,  and 

Plan  at  large,  of  Iffley  Church,  Oxford¬ 
shire:. — 2.  Elevation  of  the  West  Front  : 
— 3.  Western  Door-Way  : — 4.  Door-Way 
to  the  South  Porch  of  Malmsbury  Abbey 
Church  : — 5.  Elevation  of  the  East  end 
of  St.  Cross  Church  : — 6.  Tower  of  Earls 
Barton  Church,  Northamptonshire  : — 
7.  Door-Way  and  Parts  at  large.  —  8. 
View  of  the  Crypt  of  St.  Peter’s,  Oxford. 

A  Vindication  of  the  University  of 
Cambridge,  from  the  Reflections  of  Sir 
James  Edward  Smith,  President  of  the 
Linnaean  Society,  contained  in  a  pam¬ 
phlet  entitled  “  Considerations  respect¬ 
ing  Cambridge,”  &c.  By  the  Rev.  James 
Henry  Monk,  B.  D.  Fellow  and  Tutor 
of  Trinity  College,  and  Regius  Profes¬ 
sor  of  Greek  in  the  University. 


The  Philosophical  Library  ;  a  very 
curious  Collection  of  the  most  rarp  and 
valuable  reprints  of  ancient  Morality, 
&c.  &o.;  as  for  example,  the  Lives  and 
Morals  of  Confucius,  Epicurus,  and  Iso¬ 
crates  ;  the  Morality  of  the  East  from 
the  Koran,  &c.  ;  the  Political  Mischiefs 
of  Popery,  as  far  as  it  regards  the  Inte¬ 
rests  and  Liberties  of  the  Catholics 
themselves  ;  a  Looking-glass  for  Popes 
and  Pritsts  ;  a  summary  of  the  ancient 
Irish  Christianity  and  its  four  Gospels  ; 
with  a  genuine  catalogue  of  the  holy  re¬ 
lics  of  the  Roman  Catholic  Church.  Vol.L 

Also  “The  Morality  of  the  New  Tes¬ 
tament,”  properly  digested  under  va¬ 
rious  heads,  comprehending  our  duties 
to  God,  to  ourselves,  and  to  our  fellow- 
creatures;  with  an  introductory  address 
to  Deists,  in  which  the  character  of 
Christ  is  fully  vindicated,  and  the  reli¬ 
gion  he  taught  clearly  demonstrated  to 
be  the  pure  Religion  of  Nature  and  Rea¬ 
son,  as  it  existed  from  all  eternity,  and 
which  is  so  easily  comprehended  by 
mankind  in  general. — Nos.  7  &  8  of  vol.  II. 

Sermons,  in  two  volumes ;  by  the  Rev. 
Charles  Moore. 

The  Tourist’s  Companion ;  being  a 
concise  Description  and  History  of  Ri- 
pon,  Studley  Park,  Fountains  Abbey, 
Hackfall,  Brimham  Craggs,  Newby  Hall, 
Boroughbridge,  Aldborough,  Knares- 
borough,  Plumpton,  Harrogate,  Hare- 
wood  House,  and  Bolton  Priory  ;  in¬ 
tended  as  a  Guide.  With  Wood-cuts, 
and  a  ground  plan  of  Fountains  Abbey. 

A  Description  of  the  Islands  of  Java, 
Bali,  and  Celebes  ;  with  an  Account  of 
the  principal  Nations  and  Tribes  of  the 
Indian  Archipelago.  By  John  Craw¬ 
ford,  Esq.  late  Resident  at  the  Court 
of  the  Sultan  of  Java;  with  Maps  and 
Engravings,  3  vols.  8vo. 

An  Account  of  the  Kingdom  of  Nepal, 
4to,  with  Maps  and  Engravings  ;  by 
Dr.  Francis  Hamilton,  (formerly  Bu¬ 
chanan.) 

No.  VI.  of  Mr.  Dyer’s  “  Lives  of  Il¬ 
lustrious  Men.” 

Histrionic  Topography  ;  or.  The  Birth- 
Places,  Residences,  and  Funeral  Monu¬ 
ments  of  the  most  distinguished  Actors. 

A  general  View  of  the  structure,  func¬ 
tions,  and  classification  of  Animals  ; 
with  plates  and  classifications.  By  Rev. 
Dr.  John  Fleming. 

Dr.  Busby’s  Musical  Grammar,  com¬ 
prising  the  developement  of  the  Harmo¬ 
nic  Science,  from  its  first  rudiments  to 
the  most  abstruse  of  its  rules. 

The  Temple  of  Truth,  a  Poem,  in 
Five  Cantos  ;  by  Miss  Sarah  Renou, 
Author  of  “  Village  Conversations.” 

Verezzi 


60 

Verezzi,  a  Romance  of  former  days  ; 
by  Mr.  Huish,  Author  of  a  Treatise  on 

Bees. 

The  Maid  of  Killarney ;  or,  Albion 
and  Flora,  a  modern  Tale,  in  which  are 
interwoven  some  cursory  remarks  on 
Religion  and  Politics. 

preparing  for  Publication  : 

Dr.  Aikin  is  preparing  an  Enlarge¬ 
ment  ofhis  “  England  delineated,”  un¬ 
der  the  title  of  “  England  described.” 

A  new  edition  of  Schleusner’s  Lexi¬ 
con  Novi  Testamenti,  revised  and  cor¬ 
rected  by  several  eminent  scholars,  is 
printing  at  the  Edinburgh  University. 

Practical  Observations  on  the  nature 
and  treatment  of  those  Disorders  which 
may  he  strictly  denominated  Bilious. 
By  Dr.  Ay  re  of  Hull. 

'A  Manual  of  Chemistry,  by  Mr. 
Brande:  in  which  the  principal  facts 
will  be  arranged  in  the  order  they  are 
discussed  in  his  Lectures. 

A  Manual  of  Mineralogy  ;  by  Profes¬ 
sor  Jamieson,  of  Edinburgh. 

A  Grammar  of  Logic,  and  a  Gram¬ 
mar  of  Rhetoric.  By  Alexander  Ja¬ 
mieson,  Author  of  a  “  Treatise  on  the 
Construction  of  Maps,”  &c.  These 
Works  are  constructed  on  principles 
not  hitherto  adopted  in  didactic  books, 
except  in  Mr.  Jamieson’s  edition  of 
Adams’s  Elements  of  Useful  Knowledge. 

The  “  Tales  of  my  Landlord”  are 
about  to  be  followed  by  a  new  Series  in 
four  volumes. 

ARTS  AND 

Dr.  Brewster’s  Kaleidoscope.  —  As 
this  instrument  has  excited  great  atten¬ 
tion,  both  in  this  country  and  on  the 
Continent,  we  have  no  doubt  that  our 
Readers  will  take  some  interest  in  the 
history  of  the  invention.  In  the  year 
1814,  when  Dr.  Brewster  was  engaged 
in  experiments  on  the  polarisation  of 
light  by  successive  reflections  between 
plates'of  glass,  which  were  published  in 
the  Philosophical  Transactions  for  1815, 
and  honoured  by  the  Royal  Society  of 
London  with  the  Copley  Medal,  the  re¬ 
flectors  were  in  some  cases  inclined  to 
each  other,  and  he  had  occasion  to  re¬ 
mark  the  circular  arrangement  of  the 
images  of  a  candle  round  a  centre,  or 
the  multiplication  of  the  sectors  formed 
by  the  extremities  of  the  glass  plates. 
In  repeating,  at  a  subsequent  period,  the 
experiments  of  M.  Biot  on  the  action 
of  fluids  upon  light,  Dr.  Brewster  placed 
the  fluids  in  a  trough  formed  by  two 
plates  of  glass  cemented  together  at  an 
angle.  The  eye  being  necessarily  placed 
it  one  end,  some  of  the  cement  which 


[July, 

Udine,  a  Fairy  Romance,  translated 
from  the  German  of  Baron  de  la  Motte 
Fouque,  by  Mr.  Soane. 

St.  Patrick,  a  National  Tale,  of  the 
5th  Century,  in  3  vols.  By  an  Antiquary. 

Mr.  Jonathan  Otley,  of  Keswick,  is 
about  to  puhlish  an  improved  Map  of  all 
the  Lakes  in  Cumberland,  Westmore¬ 
land,  and  Lancashire,  shewing  the 
heights  of  the  principal  Hills,  and  many 
other  matters  not  hitherto  included  in  a 
map. 

A  specimen  has  been  published  of  a 
Collection  of  Latin  Classics,  with  per¬ 
petual  Commentaries  and  Indices,  about 
to  be  commenced  at  Paris.  It  will  ap¬ 
pear  at  the  rate  of  two  volumes  a  month, 
commencing  with  the  first  volume  of 
Heyne’s  Virgil,  and  the  first  volume  of 
Overlin’s  Tacitus. 

M.  Lemaire,  Professor  of  Latin  poetry 
in  the  Academy  of  Paris,  has  announced 
by  subscription  another  Collection  of 
Latin  Classics,  with  Commentaries,  prin¬ 
cipally  extracted  from  the  Variorum 
editions,  indices,  portraits  of  the  au¬ 
thors,  plates,  and  maps.  Twelve  volumes 
will  be  published  yparly. 

Besides  the  two  Biographical  Diction¬ 
aries  which  are  in  progress  at  Paris,  a 
third  work  of  a  similar  nature  is  about 
to  appear,  with  the  title  of  “  I.e  Para¬ 
dis  des  Hommes  illustres,  ou  Abr£ge 
de  l’Histoire  ancienne  etmoderne,”  with 
notes  and  observations.  It  will  extend 
to  34  volumes,  8vo, 


SCIENCES. 

had  been  pressed  through  between  the 
plates  appeared  to  he  arranged  into  a 
regular  figure.  The  symmetry  of  this 
figure  being  very  remarkable,  Dr.  Brew¬ 
ster  set  himself  to  investigate  the  cause 
of  the  phenomenon,  and  in  doing  this  he 
discovered  the  leading  principles  of  the 
kaleidoscope.  He  found  that  in  order 
to  produce  perfectly  beautiful  and  sym¬ 
metrical  forms  three  conditions  were 
necessary. 

1.  That  the  reflectors  should  be  placed 
at  an  angle,  which  was  an  even  or  an 
odd  aliquot  part  of  a  circle,  when  the 
object  was  regular,  and  wholly  included 
in  the  aperture  ;  or  the  even  aliquot  part 
of  a  circle  when  the  object  was  irregular. 

2.  That  out  of  an  infinite  number  of 
positions  for  the  object  both  within  and 
without  ttie  reflectors,  there  was  only  one 
position  where  perfect  symmetry  could 
be  obtained,  namely,  by  placing  the  ob¬ 
ject  in  contact  with  the  ends  of  the  re¬ 
flectors. 

3.  That  out  of  an  infinite  number  of 
positions  for  the  eye,  there  was  only  ope 

where 


Literary  Intelligence. 


61 


Intelligence  relating  to  Arts  and  Sciences. 


1818.] 

where  the  symmetry  was  perfect,,  name¬ 
ly,  as  near  as  possible  to  the  angular 
point,  so  that  the  circular  field  could  be 
distinctly  seen  ;  and  that  this  point  was 
the  only  one  out  of  an  infinite  number 
at  which  the  uniformity  of  the  light  of 
the  circular  field  was  a  maximum. 

Upon  these  principles  Dr.  Brewster 
constructed  an  instrument,  in  which  he 
fixed  permanently  across  the  ends  of  re¬ 
flectors,  pieces  of  coloured  glass,  and 
other  irregular  objects,  and  he  shewed 
the  instrument  in  this  state  to  some 
Members  of  the  Royal  Society  of  Edin¬ 
burgh,  who  were  much  struck  with  the 
beauty  of  its  effects,  in  this  case  how¬ 
ever,  the  forms  were  nearly  permanent, 
and  a  slight  variation  was  produced  by 
varying  the  position  of  the  instrument, 
with  respect  to  the  light.  The  great 
step  however,  towards  the  completion 
of  the  instrument  remained  yet  to  be 
made,  and  it  was  not  till  some  time 
afterwards  that  the  idea  occurred  to  Dr. 
Brewster  of  giving '  motion  to  objects,  such 
as  pieces  of  coloured  glass,  8{c.  which  were 
either  fixed  or  placed  loosely  in  a  cell  at 
the  end  of  the  instrument.  When  this 
idea  was  executed,  the  kaleidoscope,  in 
its  simple form,  was  completed. 

In  this  state,  however,  the  kaleido¬ 
scope  could  not  be  considered  as  a  gene¬ 
ral  philosophical  instrument  of  univer¬ 
sal  application,  for  it  was  incapable  of 
producing  beautiful  forms  unless  the  ob¬ 
ject  was  nearly  in  perfect  contact  with 
the  end  of  the  reflectors. 

The  next,  and  by  far  the  most  im¬ 
portant  step  of  the  invention,  was  there¬ 
fore  to  remove  this  limitation  by  em¬ 
ploying  a  draw  tube  and  lens,  by  means 
of  which  beautiful  forms  could  be  cre¬ 
ated  from  objects  of  all  sizes,  and  at  all 
distances  from  the  observer.  In  this 
way  the  power  of  the  kaleidoscope  was 
indefinitely  extended,  and  every  object 
in  nature  could  be  introduced  into  the 
picture,  in  the  same  manner  as  if  these 
objects  bad  been  reduced  in  size,  and  ac¬ 
tually  placed  at  the  end  of  the  reflectors. 

New  Invention  for  determining  Lati¬ 
tude,  Igc. — Mr.  Hunter,  of  Edinburgh, 
has  invented  an  instrument  of  great  im¬ 
portance  to  the  navigator.  From  two 
altitudes  of  the  sun,  and  the  interval  of 
time  between  the  observations,  he  can 
determine,  within  five  minutes  after  the 
second  observation,  the  latitude  of  the 
place,  the  hour  from  noon,  and  the  va¬ 
riation  of  the  compass.  According  to  the 
common  form  of  calculation  for  double 
akitudes,  the  latitude  by  account  is  sup¬ 
posed  to  be  known,  which,  in  the  use  of 
this  instrument  is  not  necessary.  Mr.  J. 
Cross,  of  Glasgow  Observatory,  attests 


that  he  has  tried  it  in  several  instances, 
and  always  found  its  results  very  near 
the  truth.  If  a  vessel  were  driven  from 
her  course  by  storms  or  currents ;  if  the 
reckoning  was  altogether  lost,  and  the 
mariner  could  not  get  a  meridian  obser¬ 
vation  ;  with  this  instrument  and  a  chro¬ 
nometer,  he  could,  in  a  few  minutes  after 
the  second  observation,  ascertain  his  po¬ 
sition  on  the  ocean  with  accuracy. 

Skiddaw.  —  Mr.  Thomas  Greatorex 
has  recentlypresented  to  the  RoyalSoeiety 
a  paper  on  the  height  of  the  mountains  of 
the  North  of  England.  His  observations 
were  principally  directed  to  Skidtbnv, 
and,  by  employing  what  appears  to  have 
been  a  very  accurate  process  of  geome¬ 
trical  measurement,  he  found  its  eleva¬ 
tion  to  be  3,036  feet. 

Rain. — From  observations  made  by  Mr. 
Bevan,  atLeighton,  Bedfordshire,  during 
last  year,  it  appears  that  there  were  614 
hours  of  actual  rain,  that  the  average 
rate  at  which  the  rain  fell  was  68  of  an 
inch  in  a  day  ;  the  heaviest  rain  was  on 
the  27th  of  June,  which  was  at  the  rate 
of  9  inches  a  day. 

Bite  of  Snakes.  —  Dr.  Davy,  who 
was  lately  resident  in  Ceylon,  examined 
the  substances  or  preparations  used  bv 
the  empirics  of  India  for  curing  the  bites 
of  venomous  snakes.  Of  three  kinds  of 
snake-stones,  as  they  are  called,  one  was 
found  to  be  merely  calcined  bone;  ano¬ 
ther  was  carbonate  of  lime,  coloured 
with  vegetable  matter  ;  and  the  third 
was  a  bezoar  stone.  The  first  two  had 
some  adhesive  powers  when  applied  to 
the  tongue,  but  the  last  had  none.  Dr. 
Davy  decides  that  these  stones  are  of 
no  use  whatever  as  applied  to  wounds 
produced  by  the  bite  of  serpents,  and  he 
refers  the  pretended  cures  effected  by 
them  to  nature,  or  to  their  having  been 
applied  to  wounds  produced  by  snakes 
which  are  not  venomous.  Of  eleven  dif¬ 
ferent  species  of  snakes  which  he  exa¬ 
mined,  and  all  of  which  were  believed  by 
the  natives  to  be  poisonous,  he  found  but 
three  to  be  really  so;  the  bites  of  two 
of  these  only  (the  Cobra  di  Capello  and 
the  Polonga)  are  mortal,  and  that  un¬ 
der  very  peculiar  circumstances. 

Spirit  from  Potatoe  Apples.  —  Ripe 
potatoe-apples  when  they  are  plucked* 
mashed,  and  fermented  with  one  twen¬ 
tieth  of  a  ferment, yield  from  distillation 
as  much  spirit  as  is  obtained  from  the  best 
grapes.  Experiments  made  with  them 
upon  a  large  scale  at  Nancy,  St.  Dizier, 
&c.  leave  no  doubt  respecting  this  ap¬ 
plication,  which  gives  additional  value  to 
the  potatoe.  Messrs.  Cadet  Gassicour  and 
Delauriers  have  repeated  the  experiment 
at  Paris  with  the  same  success. ' 

SELECT 


L  6'^  1 

t 

SELECT  POETRY. 


SONNET 

To  the  River  Thames.  By  Lord  Thurlow. 

'T'HAMES,  king  of  Rivers,  Ocean’s  eldest 
son, 

Majestic  husband  of  that  learned  stream, 

Which  every  worthy  Poet  makes  his 
theme. 

And  does  by  Oxford,  softly-pacing,  run, 

Pis,  thy  laughing  mate  j  the  genial  sun 

Illumes  thy  water  with  a  temperate  beam  ; 

And,  though  with  paved  gold  thou  dost  not 
gleam, 

Yet  greater  praises  by  thy  wave  are  won : 

Thou,  more  than  Tiber,  wear’st,  a  thicker 
crown 

Of  verdant  laurel,  and  of  watery  sedge  ; 

And,  more  than  Rome,  the  world-defend¬ 
ing  Town , 

Augusta  *,  smiles  upon  thy  sacred  edge  ; 

Deep  as  thy  water,  Thames,  is  thy  re¬ 
nown,  [pledge. 

Of  which  this  verse  shall  be  another 
Lacken. 


THJ 


Esset  insidiis ;  miselli  ocelli, 

Vos  ad  pectoris  excubare  portag 
Insomni  statione  jussit.  At  vos 
Sive  blanditiis,  dolisve  eapti, 

Seu  somno  superante,  sive  sponte 
Consensistis,  herurn(|ue  prod  id  istis, 
Fugit  corque  animusque,  me  relicto 
Excorde,  exanimo  :  quod  ergo  fletu 
Nunc  satisfacere  arbitremiui  vos, 

Nil  est  quern  lachrymis  movere  vultis, 
Non  adest  animusque  corve  :  ad  illam 
lie  :  orateque  et  impetrate  ab  ilia. 

Ni  exoraretis,  impetraretisque, 

Faxo  illam  aspieiatis  usque  et  usque, 
Donee  vos  ita  luce  reddat  orbos 
Ut  me  corde  animoque  fecit  orbum. 


Mr.  Urban,  March  30. 

IE  following  expostulatory  lines  of 
Buchanan,  with  his  eyes,  for  their  mis¬ 
chievous  glance  at  those  of  Neaera,  are  so 
truly  original,  so  pointed,  so  amatory,  and 
pathetic,  that  1  have  attempted  to  give 
them  a  poetical  translation  $  sensible  at 
the  same  time  that  they  must  lose  their 
inherent  excellence  by  transfusion.  As 
they  may  serve  to  provoke  a  more  able 
pen  in  the  work  of  translating  this  excel¬ 
lent  Scottish  Author,  I  venture  to  offer 
them  for  your  notice. 

Yours,  &c.  J.  M.  Jones. 

IN  NEZERAM. 

^UM  primum  mihi  candidae  Neserae 
Illos  sideribus  pares  ocellOs 
Ostendistis  ocelluli  miselli, 

Ilia  principiurn  fuit  roalorum, 

111a  lux  animi  ruina  nostri. 

Sic  prirnis  radiis  repente  tactus 
Totus  intremui  cohorruique, 

Ut  leves  nemorum  comae  virenlum 
Prirnis  flatibus  intremunt  Favoni: 

Et  cor  jam  meditans  ad  illam  abire 
Per  pectus  trepidansque  palpitansque 
Jamque  evadere,  jamque  gestiebat : 

Ceu  solet  puer  artibus  tenellis 
Quern  nutrix  gremio  fovet,  parentem 
Affectare  oculis  et  ore,  parva 
Jactans  brachia  :  ceu  solent  volueres 
Adhuc  involucres  volandi  inani 
Infirmas  studio  movere  pennas  : 

Tu  mens  provida,  virium  suarum 
Quippe  conscia,  ne  locus  dolosis 

*  An  antient  name  of  London. 


ON  NEiERA. 

ILL  fated  eyes,  since  first  ye  saw  that  sight, 
Netera’s  eyes  glistening  like  stars  of 
night,  [stole. 

That  witching  glance  all  my  affections 
Thai  was  the  light,  the  ruin  of  my  soul  ! 
With  their  bright  dazzling  rays  I  smitten 
stood,  [mood. 

Trembling,  o’erpower’d,  all  in  a  quivering 
Like  the  light  leaves  upon  the  forest  trees. 
Shook  by  the  blast,  or  soft  Favonian 
breeze.  [guest, 

Now  my  fond  heart  would  be  her  captive 
Throbbing  and  beating  in  my  anxious 
breast  j 

To  her  it  meditates  an  instant  flight, 

Just  as  a  babe  within  its  Mother's  sight 
Springs  with  its  limbs  to  leave  the  nurse’s 
arms, 

With  eager  looks  to  fondle  on  her  charms. 
Or,  as  the  unfledg’d  birds  that  nestled  lie. 
Shake  their  young  wings  as  if  they  wish’d 
to  fly.  [power. 

Do  thou,  my  soul,  now  conscious  of  her 

And  ye  ill-fated  eyes,  each  passing  hour 
Keep  faithful  guard,  nor  on  your  station 
sleep,  [creep. 

Lest  through  my  heart  the  insidious  poison 
j Hut  by  her  blandishments,  and  magic 
smile,  [guile. 

Or  else  by  sleep  o’erpower’d,  or  subtle 

Ye  have  betray'd  your  Master  by  consent  j 
Basely  on  willing  perfidy  intent  j 
My  heart,  alas,  is  gone  !  my  spirit  fled, 
I’m  of  my  soul  bereft,  like  one  that’s  dead  : 
Think  ye  these  tears  a  recompence  can 
prove 

To  one  who  has  no  heart  for  tears  to  move  : 
Go,  and  demand  of  her  for  this  lone  breast 
That  heart,  which  once  was  here  a.  peaceful 
guest  j 

Or  on  her  face  ye  shall  incessant  gaze, 
Around  whose  looks  such  sparkling  radi¬ 
ance  plays, 

Till, 


1818.] 


63 


Select  Poetry. 


Till,  by  the  lustre  of  her  eyes  so  bright, 

Ye  wretched  Orbs  shall  be  bereft  of  sight, 
As  of  my  heart  and  soul  she  has  bereav’d 
me  quite.  J.  M,  Jones. 


Simile  from  Lord  Byron’s 
“  English  Bards  and  Scotch  Reviewers.” 

j^O  the  struck  Eagle,  stretcht  upon  the 
plain,  [again, 

No  more  through  rolling  clouds  to  soar 
View’d  his  own  feather  on  the  fatal  dart, 
And  wing’d  the  shaft  that  quiver’d  in  his 
heart.  [feel 

Keen  were  his  pangs,  but  keener  far,  to 
He  nurs’d  the  pinion  that  imped'd  the  steel, 
Whilst  the  same  plumage  which  had 
warm’d  his  nest,  [breast. 

Drank  the  last  life-drop  of  his  bleeding 


Idem  Latine  redditum. 

SAUC1U3  haod  aliter  campo  prostratus 
aperto,  [umbras 

Non  iterum  ausurus  volventes  ire  per 
Nimborum,  regalis  avis,  si  forth  videret 
Ipse  suam  pennain,  quam  gesserat  ipse 
sub  arrao,  [dia  ferrum. 

Ipse  suam,  urgentem  trepidum  in  preecor- 
Angor  acerbus  erat,  multum,  heu  !  sed 
acerbior  isto  [alarn, 

Pluma  qubtl  ipsa  eadem,  qufe  telo  prsebuit 
Et  quae  natali  fovit  lanugine  nidum, 
Ultima  vital  exhausit  stillantia  corde. 

R.  Trevelyan. 


LINES 

Written  on  viewing  the  Picture  of  a  Lady. 

QH,  when  the  soul  illum’d  that  lovely 
face, 

Blooming  in  youthful  innocence  and  grace: 
When  life’s  sweet  hope  that  radiant  eye 
had  giv’n ;  .  [Heav’n ;) 

(Tope  that  had  fix’d  her  anchor  firm  in 
Well  might  adoring  Friendship  love  to  tell 
Thy  matchless  form,  and  on  thy  virtues 
dwell. 

Bu»t  when  maturer  years  that  form  improv’d, 
And  that  sweet  downcast  eye  had  told  it 
loved  ; 

When  softest  blushes  overspread  thy  cheek 
Where  timid  Love  a  refuge  seem’d  to  seek ; 
What  Painter’s  ait  could  all  thy  charms 
express. 

Or  trace  thy  look  of  Nuptial  happiness  ? 

And  when  encircled  in  a  Mother’s  arms 
Thine  infant  children  call’d  foith  new 
alarms ;  [hide 

When  in  the  frequent  kiss  thou  fain  wouldst 
The  gentle  transports  of  maternal  pride  ; 

Or  breath’d,  with  many  a  sigh,  the  frequent 
pray’r  [care : 

That  Heav’n  would  take  thy  children  to  its 

Oh  !  who  could  paint  thine  eye  of  fondest 
love. 

Of  that  angelic  look  when  fix’d  above  ? 


Vaiti  Art,  thou  canat  not :  it  is  written  here 
Deep  in  my  heart,  and  bath’d  with  many  a 
tear. 

Thou  wert  my  Mother  once !  an  angel 
now,  [low : 

For  Death’s  cold  hand  hath  laid  its  victim 
And  nought  remains  but  this  poor  faded 
frame ;  \[name: 

But  dear  to  me;  for  still  it  bears  thy 
And  still  thy  beauteous  form  may  some¬ 
times  tell  : 

-  Though  to  Thyself  alas !  a  long 

farewell  !  J.  D. 

The  subject  of  the  above  lines  was 
eminently  beautiful.  Her  death  is  re¬ 
corded  in  your  Obituary  of  December 
1790,  when  she  died  in  childbed  of  a  daugh¬ 
ter,  who  was  born  blind  with  incurable 
cataracts,  and  died  in  the  1 7th  year  of  her 
age.  An  elder  sister  also  followed  her 
mother  to  an  early  tomb,  and  were  both 
buried  with  her  in  the  same  grave.  T.  D. 

A  Father's  Adieu  to  his  Daughter 
Maria;  April  23,  1818. 

- - - - paternos 

Eja  !  age  in  amplexus  cara  Maria  !  redi. 

Bishop  Lowth. 

^H,  dearer  to  a  Father’s  heart 

Than  all  the  gifts  the  world  can  give, 
Ah  !  dear  Maria  !  must  we  part, 

And  yet  on  earth  thy  Parent  live  ? 

To  thee,  to  every  duty  true, 

To  every  Christian  Virtue  dear, 

How  shall  I  bid  the  last  adieu, 

And  hovering,  trembling,  linger  here  ? 

O  !  through  the  kindling  bloom  of  youth 
If  angel-graces  ever  shone  — 

Ingenuous  Candour,  simple  Truth  — 
lieaveu-born,  I  hail’d  them  all  thine 
own. 

Farewell,  my  Love  !  again  farewell  ! 

My  faultering  tongue  would  uttermore— 
But,  as  Affection  fain  would  tell 
What  Memory  sickens  to  explore; 

Scenes  of  thy  infant  years  arise 
To  bring  back  all  my  fondest  care  : 

And  I  would  grasp  at  fleeted  joys, 

A  moment  sunk  in  dark  despaip. 

Yes  —  but  a  moment! — -Cannot  Faith 
The  heart-pang  soften  to  a  sigh  ; 

And  gijd,  amidst  the  shades  of  Death, 

The  gushing  tear,  the  clouded  eyq? 

And  is  it  not  a  light  illumes  — 

Lo  gleam  on  gleam — my  dreary  hour  ? 

I  see,  descending  through  the  glooms, 

The  radiance  of  no  earthly  Bower. 

And  hark — a  Spirit  seems  to  say  — 
Beckoning  she  waves  her  lily  hand  — - 
“  Come — come,  my  Father  !  come  away  ! 
And  mingle  with  our  Seraph  band  !” 

O!  ’tis  Maria’s  self — her  smile — - 
Her  gentle  voice  —  it  cannot  be  ! 

A  phantom  lures  me  all  the  while  — 

No  —  no— her  accents  call  on  me  ! 

I  come  ! 


64 


Select  Poetry . 


[July, 


I  come !  O  “  dearer  to  my  heart” 

Than  all  the  treasures  worlds  contain  — 
Nor  Death  shall  dear  Maria  part 

From  these  paternal  arms  again*  !  P, 


LINES 

Written  by  a  Father  on  the  Morning 
of  his  Daughter’s  Funeral . 

"'IX/’HEN  Heaven  decreed,  ere  beauty’s 
natal  hour, 

To  slip  the  scyon  from  its  parent  flower, 
The  prostrate  King,  with  guilt  and  anguish 
riven,  [given  ! 

Besought  the  Lord  his  sin  might  be  for- 
Fasted  and  wept — from  consolation  fled, 
And  nightly  made  the  sullen  earth  his  bed ; 
In  humble  hope  that  penitence  might  move 
Sweet  Mercy  to  embrace  the  child  of  Love  ! 
But  when  at  length  the  mournful  tidings 
stole 

In  fearful  whispers  to  the  father’s  soul ; 

No  more  he  groan’d  in  dust,  but  kiss’d  the 
rod, 

Resum’d  his  sceptre,  and  ador’d  his  God. 

Almighty  Father !  thus  may  I  resign 
In  this  heart-rending  hour,  my  will  to  thine: 
A  lovely  pledge  thy  gracious  bounty  gave, 
Thy  will  consigns  her  to  an  early  grave  ! 
While  yet  alive  my  prayer  and  streaming 
eye  [not  die. 

Were  pour’d  before  thee,  that  she  might 
1  said  with  David,  Heaven  e’en  yet  may 
give 

Its  awful  fiat,  that  my  child  may  live  ! 
Now  all  is  past  —  fond  Nature  cease  thy 
strife  — 

Adore  thy  God,  and  turn  thee  back  to  life  ! 


For  tracts,  or  missions  sent  to  learn  the 
way  [pray  ;• 

To  teach  poor  savages  to  preach  and 
For  want  of  learning  now  is  no  disgrace 
In  those  who  trust  in  impudence  of  face. 
Of  such  a  state,  these  signs  the  progress 
speak  :  [smooth,  and  sleek  ; 

The  hair ’s  comb’d  down,  the  head  is 
The  features  lengthen,  and  the  face  turns 
pale,  [vail  ; 

When  serious  views  o’er  all  things  else  pre- 
When  preachers  teach  the  only  saving 
plan,  [man; 

To  flee  each  harmless  comfort  made  for 
Best  chang’d  to  shun  sweet  morn  or  eve’s 
perfume  [room ; 

For  crowded  Chapel,  Meeting-house,  or 
To  loose  each  tie  by  Nature  made  to  bine! 
Wife,  child,  or  father,  friend,  or  human 
kind ; 

To  measure  faith  by  feeling  ’s  fickle  test. 
But  shun  sound  reason  as  they ’d  shun  the 
pest ; 

Decry  all  antient  piety  and  alms, 
Thatourforefathers’  rnem’ry still  embalms ; 
Yet  often  boast  the  faith  and  light  sublime 
Of  wretches  doom’d  by  law  for  deadly 
crime ;  [impends, 

And  those  conversions,  while  the  rope 
That  lesser  guilt  began,  and  greater  scan¬ 
dal  ends  !  [grace. 

Presumptuous  thus  of  Heav’n’s  peculiar 
They  rave  till  God’s  best  image  they  de¬ 
face  ;  [for  all, 

Say  that’s  for  few,  that ’s  plainly  meant 
But  beg  of  Peter  while  they  hold  with 
Paul.  Amicus  Ecclesia. 

London,  July  1818. 


THE  CHANGES  OF  GRACE. 

Written  on  reading  Religio  Clerici, 
a  Churchman' s  Epistle. 

Jam  novaprogenies  ccclo  demittitur  alio,  Virg  . 
gINCE  we’ve  improv’d  our  dull  forefa¬ 
thers’  rules,  [Schools, 

And  fill’d  the  land  with  Chapels  or  with 
Now  tender  infants  can  in  class  relate 
Their  own  experience  in  a  gracious  state  ; 
And  thus  an  echo  to  the  teachers’  art, 

Like  parrots,  what  they  ’re  taught,  again 
impart.  [shun, 

Churches,  as  quite  depriv’d  of  grace,  ail 
But  into  any  thing  call’d  Chapels  run  ; 
There  on  each  wild  effusion  duly  wait, 

Till  watchful  preachers  hand  about  the 
plate.  [sess’d, 

Pleasure’s  no  more  in  field  or  grove  pos- 
And  dinner  scarcely  on  a  Sunday  dress’d; 
Such  the  new  state  of  grace,  it  never 

spares 

A  penny,  or  for  apples  or  for  pears ; 

For  all  (hat  Uncle,  Aunt,  or  Coz  bestow, 
Ev’n  from  the  Children  is  condemn’d  to  go 
1 - - - - - - 

*  Maria,  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Jer. 
Trist,  of  Behan  Park,  near  Tregony  ;  a 
most  amiable  and  accomplished  young 

iady. 


LUSUS  PROSODIC!. 

1.  Rusticus  ad  Fabulatorem. 

J^INC  procul  omnis  eat,  quas  fabula 
venit  ab  urbe  1 

Rure  raeo  natasprtetuIerim/a&Mlrts. 

2.  Fabululor  ad  Rusticum. 

Rumparis  fdbulis,  el  fabula,  rustice, 
fias, 

Docta  cui  *  sordet  fabula  pr ss  fd¬ 
bulis  ! 

3.  Adamus  Paradiso  extorris. 

Heu!  vetita  mulier  decerpsit  ab  ar- 
bore  malum  — 

Bulce  prius  malum ,  postmodo  triste 
malum  ! 

4.  Ad  Hero,  sub  Interitum  Leandri. 

Jam  non  venturo,  quid  adhuc  specu- 
lare,  Leandro  ? 

Hero. 

Specula  me  miseram  detinet  in  spe¬ 
cula. 

John  Carey. 

W est-square ,  July  2. 

*  In  my  “  Latin  Prosody  made  easy ,” 

1  have  quoted  sufficient  authority  for  Cu-i 

dissyllabic; 


IIISTO- 


[  65  ] 

HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE. 

PROCEEDINGS  IN  PARLIAMENT 


House  of  Commons,  April  9. 

Two  Petitions  were  presented  in  favour  of 
the  Cotton  Manufactories’  Regulation  Bill. 
Sir  J.  Graham  said,  many  of  the  signers 
of  the  present  petitions  were  discarded 
and  worthless  workmen,  who  were  all 
ready  to  sign  such  petitions.  He  was  an 
advocate  for  free  labour  ;  and  had  not 
free  labour  existed  when  he  was  a  boy, 
he  never  should  have  had  the  honour  of 
a  seat  in  that  House.  After  a  general 
conversat  on  the  petitions  were  received. 

Lord  A.  Hamilton  addressed  the  House 
on  a  question  of  privilege.  He  stated  that 
last  Novemoer  twelvemonths  Sir  Alex¬ 
ander  Cochrane  declared  himself  a  can¬ 
didate  for  Lanarkshire  at  the  next  elec¬ 
tion.  In  his  favour,  and  against  him 
(Lord  A.  Hamilton),  the  whole  influence 
of  Government  and  their  partizans  was 
exerted,  which  of  itself  was  unfair  and 
improper.  In  addition  to  this  influence, 
it  appeared  by  a  letter  which  he  should 
read,  that  the  influence  of  a  Peer  (Lord 
Douglas)  was  used  against  him.  The  let¬ 
ter  was  from  an  under  factor  of  that  Peer, 
and  was  to  tt.e  following  effect : — 

“  Glasgow,  24 th  May,  IS  17. 

“  Dear  Sir — Accoidmg  to  your  desire 
I  communicated  to  Lord  Douglas  your 
wish  to  have  a  situation  under  Govern¬ 
ment  for  your  young  friend,  Mr.  Dyke  ; 
aud  1  am  authorized  to  state,  that  if  you 
support  his  Lordship’s  views  in  politics  at 
the  first  election,  his  Lordship  will  secure 
an  eligible  situation  for  your  friend,  which 
will  be  of  great  advantage  to  him,  and  as 
you  are  independent  of  the  Hamilton  fa¬ 
mily,  I  think  you  should  accept  of  Lord 
Douglas’s  offer.  If  you  have  not  made  a 
promise  to  Lord  Archibald  Hamilton,  I 
think  you  have  good  ground  to  get  clear 
off;  for  by  what  you  mention  regarding 
your  vote,  you  certainly  have  not  been 
well  used.  If  an  application  is  made  to 
you  from  the  Hamilton  family  to  promise 
your  vote,  1  think  you  should  not  grant 
it  until  I  see  you  in  Glasgow,  when  I  will 
tell  you  all  about  it.  Sir  Alexander  Coch¬ 
rane  is  not  at  home  now,  or  I  would  have 
written  more  particulars.  Have  the  good¬ 
ness  not  to  mention  this  matter  until  the 
whole  is  arranged.  I  write  to  you  in  hope 
that  I  shall  have  the  pleasure  of  seeing  you 
and  Mrs.  Dyke  at  Glasgow. — Yours,  &c. 

(Signed)  “  Thomas  Ferguson.” 

Directed  to  William  Dyke,  esq. 

Lord  A.  H.  said  he  had  written  on  the 
subject  to  Lord  Douglas,  who  returned  a 
general  sort  of  denial  as  to  his  having 
Gent.  Mag.  Julyi  1818, 

9 


given  any  authority  to  Ferguson  to  write 
such  a  letter.  He  concluded  with  moving, 
that  Thomas  Ferguson  be  ordered  to  at¬ 
tend  on  the  2 1st  instant. 

Mr.  W.  Dundas  said,  that  Lord  Douglas 
assured  him  he  had  never  given  any  au¬ 
thority  for  writing  the  letter  in  question. 

“  Those  who  lived  in  glass  houses  should 
not  be  the  first  to  throw  stones.”  The 
Noble  Lord  should  recoiled  that  letters 
had  been  written  by  a  Peer  in  support  of 
his  election  for  the  county  of  Lanark. 

Mr.  C.  IVynn  thought  that  the  House 
would  be  forgetful  of  its  own  dignity,  if  it 
did  not  prosecute  with  the  utmost  severity 
that  the  forms  of  the  constitution  would 

allow. 

The  Lord  Advocate  said  there  was  no 
reason  to  impeach  the  conduct  of  Lord 
Douglas,  and  if  Ferguson  was  to  he  pro¬ 
ceeded  against,  it  should  be  in  the  Courts 
below,  and  not  by  calling  him  to  the  bar, 
where  he  would  be  placed  in  the  situation 
of  criminating  himself. 

Mr.  Brougham  supported  the  motion, 
but,  on  the  suggestion  of  Mr.  B .  Bathurst, 
the  subject  was  referred  to  a  Committee 
of  Privileges. 

The  House  having  gone  into  a  Com¬ 
mittee  of  Supply,  Mr.  JVard  moved  the 
grants  for  the  service  of  the .  Ordnance, 
which,  after  some  conversation,  were 
agreed  to. 

Mr.  Vunsittart  then  brought  in  a  Bill 
for  continuing  the  restiiction  on  cash 
payments  by  the  Bank. 

Sir  C.  Monck  observed,  that  instead  of 
the  surplus  of  1,400,000/.  held  out  by  the 
Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer,  there  would 
be  a  deficiency  in  the  revenue  and  sinking 
fund,  as  compared  with  the  expenditure, 
of  3,000,000/.  The  Bill  was  read  the  first 
time.  A  Bill  was  then  introduced,  to  au¬ 
thorize  bankers  in  England  and  Ireland 
to  issue  promissory  notes  under  the  value 
of  51.  upon  a  deposit  of  stock  or  other  Go¬ 
vernment  security.  The  Bill  was  then 
read  the  first  time,  and  after  a  long  con-, 
versation,  was  ordered  to  be  printed. 

The  Surgery  Regulation  Bill  was  op¬ 
posed  by  several  Members,  and  was  or¬ 
dered  to  be  read  a  second  lime  this  day  six 
months  ;  by  which  it  is  lost  for  the  Session. 

The  Lord  Advocate  rose  for  the  purpose 
of  moving  for  leave  to  bring  in  a  Bill  to 
regulate  the  funds  of  the  Royal  Scotch 
burghs.  Hitherto  the  magistrates  of  those 
burghs  had  given  in  their  accounts  to  the 
Court  of  Exchequer  in  Scotland,  without 
any  check  on  their  proceedings he  should, 

there* 


66 


Proceedings  in  the  late  Session  of  Parliament.  [July, 


therefore,  propose,  that  these  accounts 
should  be  produced  to  the  burgesses  be¬ 
fore  they  were  brought  before  the  Court 
of  Exchequer;  but,  as  this  might  not  be 
entirely  effectual  in  preventing  abuses,  a 
power  was  to  be  given  to  five  burgesses, 
to  make  representations  on  the  subject  to 
the  Court  of  Exchequer.  He  then  moved 
for  leave  to  bring  in  a  Bill  to  regulate  the 
mode  of  accounting,  for  the  common  good 
and  revenue  of  the  royal  burghs,  and 
comptrollmg  their  expenditure. 

Lord  A .  Hamilton  approved  of  the  Bill 
so  far  as  it  went.  The  burghs  had,  for 
more  than  thirty  years,  been  asking  this 
boon,  but  it  had  been  perseveringly  and 
invariably  denied,  till  many  of  them  were 
reduced  to  bankruptcy.  But  the  Bill  did 
not  do  away  with  the  self-election  of  ihe 
Magistrates,  which  had  led  to  the  dissipa¬ 
tion  of  their  funds.  The  corruption  of 
those  burghs  had  gone  on  from  year  to 
year,  till  it  was  admitted  by  Judges  that 
various  statutes  had  fallen  into  desuetude. 

The  Lord  Advocate  said,  the  Bill  was 
sufficiently  wide  to  cure  all  the  grievances 
complained  of,  as  tc»  the  mismanagement 
of  the  funds  ;  but  it  certainly  was  not  in¬ 
tended,  like  some  of  the  measures  pro¬ 
posed  by  the  Noble  Lord,  as  a  mere 
stalking-horse  for  parliamentary  reform. 

After  some  conversation  between  the 
Learned  Lord  and  Sir  J.  Newport,  on  the 
principle  of  the  Scotch  law,  according  to 
which  statutes  might  go  into  desuetude, 
the  motion  was  agreed  to. 

House  op  Lords,  April  13. 

Lord  Liverpool  brought  down  a  Message 
from  the  Prince  Regent,  intimating  the  in¬ 
tended  union  of  the  Duke  of  Clarence  with 
the  Princess  of  Saxe  Meinirigen,  and  of  the 
Duke  of  Cambridge  with  the  Princess  of 
Hesse. 


In  the  Commons,  the  same  day,  Lord 
Casllereagh  brought  down  a  Message  from 
the  Prince  Regent  to  the  same  effect  with 
that  delivered  this  day  in  the  Upper  House, 
and  moved  that  it  should  be  referred  to  a 
Committee  of  the  whole  House  to-morrow. 
He  should,  when  that  motion  was  disposed 
of,  move  an  Address,  generally  pledging 
the  House  to  take  the  Message  into  con¬ 
sideration. 

Mr.  Tierney  asked  why  the  House  was 
not  to  be  informed  of  the  nature  of 
the  propositions  to  be  made  in  the  Com¬ 
mittee.  There  had  been  a  meeting  that 
day  of  between  50  and  60  Members  at 
the  house  of  a  Minister,  and  they  were 
told  what  it  seemed  Parliament  could  not 
be  informed  of  until  to-morrow.  The  No¬ 
ble  Lord  seemed  to  think  he  could  not  get 
his  work  through  without  a  previous  re¬ 
hearsal  among  his  friends. 

Mr.  Protheroe  also  alluded  to  reports, 


which,  if  true,  would  induce  him  to  more 
a  call  of  the  House. 

Lord  Casllereagh  said,  in  the  course  he 
proposed  to  take,  he  was  only  adhering  to 
invariable  practice. 

Mr.  Brougham  approved  of  Mr.  Prothe- 
roe’s  idea  as  to  a  call  of  the  House,  and 
suggested  that  the  House  should  hare  a 
correct  statement  of  the  existing  incomes 
of  the  Royal  Dukes, 

Mr.  Methuen  said  he  should  more  for 
such  a  return. 

Mr.  M.  A.  Taylor ,  Mr.  Curugn,  and  Mr. 
Brand,  urged  the  impropriety  of  additional 
grants  in  the  present  over-burthened  state 
of  the  country. 

Lord  Lascglles  stated  that  himself  and 
several  others  were  not  satisfied  with  what 
had  been  disclosed  at  the  meeting  alluded  to. 

After  some  observations  from  Mr,  Ben- 
net,  Sir  C.  Monck ,  and  Mr.  Calcra/t,  the 
motion  for  referring  the  Message  to  a 
Committee  to-morrow  was  agreed  to. 

Lord  Casllereagh  then  moved  an  Address 
to  the  Prince  Regent,  upon  which  Mr. 
Brougham  proposed  an  amendment,  im¬ 
porting  that  the  House  would  make  such 
provision  for  the  Royal  Dukes  as  might 
be  consistent  “with  a  due  regard  to  the 
present  burthened  state  of  the  people  of 
this  country  ” 

The  amendment  was  supported  by  Sir 
G.  Heathcote,  Mr.  Tierney ,  Mr.  L.  Keck , 
Mr.  Littleton ,  and  Mr .  Abercromby,  and  op¬ 
posed  by  Lord  Casllereagh,  Mr.  Cocks,  and 
Mr.  Plunkett. 

On  a  division,  it  was  negatived  by  144 

to  93. 

A  discussion  took  place  on  the  questioa 
for  the  second  reading  of  the  Blood-money 
Abolition  Bill,  which  was  opposed  by  the 
Attorney  and  Solicitor  General  as  going 
too  far  in  the  abolition  of  rewards,  and  de¬ 
fended  by  Mr.  TP".  Smith,  Mr.  Bennet , 
Alderman  JVood,  and  others. 

The  question,  however,  was  carried  in 
the  affirmative  without  a  division,  and  the 
Bill  was  accordingly  read  a  second  time. 


April  14. 

Mr.  M.  A.  Taylor  presented  a  petition 
from  certain  inhabitants  of  St.  Mary-le- 
Bone,  praying  that  they  might  be  allowed 
to  erect  water-works  for  the  supply  of 
their  own  parish.  He  moved  that  it  should 
be  referred  to  a  Select  Committee,  with 
powers  to  bring  in  a  Bill  to  regulate  the 
rates,  &c.  of  the  different  water  compa¬ 
nies,  all  of  which  had  now  consented  to 
such  a  measure.  The  motion  was  agreed 
to,  and  a  Committee  appointed. 

Mr.  Walter  Burrel  moved  for  the  ap¬ 
pointment  of  a  Select  Committee,  to  in¬ 
quire  into  the  state  of  the  laws  restraining 
the  trade  of  Wool  in  Great  Britain. 

The  motion  was  supported  by  Mr.  D. 
Gilbert ,  Mr.  6.  Skinner,  and  MY.  H.  Sum¬ 
ner, 


ISIS.]  Proceedings  in  the  late  Session  of  Parliament .  67 


ncr*  and  opposed  by  Lord  Lascelles,  Mr. 
Curwen,  Alderman  Atkins,  Sir  J.  Graham, 
and  Mr.  F  Lewis :  and,  on  a  division,  was 
negatived  by  88  to  85. 

Lord  Castlerehgh  moved  to  postpone  the 
considera'ion  of  the  Prince  Regent’s  Mes¬ 
sage  until  to  morrow. 

Mr.  Brougham  severely  censured  the 
meeting  at  Fife- house,  as  tending  to  ren¬ 
der  discussions  in  Parliament  a  mere  farce. 
Lord  Liverpool,  it  now  turned  out,  had 
mistaken  the  silence  of  the  gentlemen 
whom  he  had  convened  for  assent  ;  and 
Ministers  found,  to  their  utter  confusion, 
that  the  propositions  there  submitted  were 
too  extravagant  to  receive  the  approba¬ 
tion  of  their  own  adherents  in  the  House  j 
they  now  asked  for  time  till  to-morrow, 
not  to  feel  more  pulses,  but  to  try  new 
arts  to  influence  the  honesty  and  the  votes 
cf  Members.  The  Noble  Lord  asked  for 
further  time,  on  a  question  which  he  knew 
that  he  dared  not  then,  though  upon  his 
own  notice,  bring  before  the  House  and 
the  country. 

Lord  Castlereagh  contended  that  there 
was  nothing  unconstitutional  in  the  course 
taken  by  Ministers.  The  observations  of 
the  Learned  Gentleman  were  only  part  of 
a  system  to  vilify  and  run  down  the  ad¬ 
ministration  of  the  Government.  Heshould 
enter  into  no  particulars  at  that  time,  but 
reserve  himself  as  to  statements  and  rea¬ 
sons  till  to-morrow. 

Mr.  Tierney  said,  that  if  the  object 
of  his  Hon.  and  Learned  Friend  (Mr. 
Brougham)  had  been  to  attack  and  run 
down  the  Government  of  the  country,  the 
attempt  was  perfectly  unnecessary,  for 
surely  no  Ministry  had  ever  so  much  vi¬ 
lified  themselves  (hear,  hear),  and  that, 
too,  iu  the  course  of  48  hours.  No  Ad¬ 
ministration  he  had  ever  known,  or  heard 
©f,  had  put  themselves  into  a  more  con¬ 
temptible  situation.  He  believed  sincerely, 
that  nothing  less  than  the  Noble  Lord’s  to¬ 
tal  abandonment  of  the  whole  proposition 
would  be  satisfactory  to  the  country  at 
large. 

After  some  observations  from  Lord 
Folkestone,  Lord  Castlereagh’s  motion  wag 
agreed  to. 


House  of  Lords,  April  15. 

On  the  motion  of  the  Marquis  of  Down' 
shire,  an  account  was  ordered  of  the  pre¬ 
sent  income  of  the  Princes  of  the  Roval 
Family. 

Lord  Liverpool  then  moved  the  order  of 
the  day  for  taking  into  consideration  the 
Royal  Message.  He  stated,  that  it  had 
been  the  intention  of  Ministers  to  propose 
an  addition  of  19,500/.  a  year  to  the  in¬ 
come  of  the  Duke  of  Clareuce,  and  of 
12,000/.  to  the  Duke  of  Cambridge.  A 
similar  sum  was  to  have  been  proposed 
for  the  Duke  of  Kent,  in  the  event  of  bis 


marriage.  It  was  judged  proper  to  pro¬ 
pose  a  grant  to  the  same  amount  to  the 
Duke  of  Cumberland,  for  he  knew  of  no¬ 
thing  in  his  conduct  or  that  of  the  Duch¬ 
ess,  which  should  subject  them  to  the  stig¬ 
ma  of  having  no  Parliamentary  provision 
upon  their  marriage.  The  Duke  of  Glou¬ 
cester  had  declined  to  apply  to  Parliament; 
but  his  present  income  approximated  that 
which  was  now  proposed  for  the  junior 
branches,  being  ‘28,000/.  a  year.  If  the 
intended  settlements  should  undergo  mo¬ 
difications  in  another  place,  it  would  be 
for  their  Lordships  to  consider  them  when 
sent  up  in  separate  Bills ;  but  he  hoped 
the  allowances  would  not  be  so  reduced 
as  to  prevent  the  intended  matrimonial 
alliances.  The  illustrious  persons  would, 
he  was  authorized  to  stale,  be  satisfied 
with  about  half  the  sum  that  had  been 
mentioned.  The  Noble  Lord  stated  that 
these  grants  would  not  create  any  new 
burthens,  as  10,000/.  a  year  had  fallen 
in  by  the  death  of  the  Princess  Charlotte, 
and  50,000/.  a  year  would  fall  in  next 
year,  upon  the  complete  liquidation  of 
the  Prince  Regent’s  debts.  He  concluded 
with  moving  an  Address,  which  was,  as 
usual,  au  echo  to  the  Message. 

Lord  King  moved  au  amendment,  ex¬ 
pressing  a  confident  hope  that  such  pro¬ 
visions  as  might  be  necessary  would  be 
made,  without  creating  the  necessity  of 
any  additional  burthens  on  the  people. 

In  the  sequel  of  the  discussion,  th* 
amendment  was  supported  by  the  Mar- 
quisses  of  Buckingham  and  Lansdowne,  and 
Lords  De  Dunstanville,  Holland ,  and  Gros - 
venor,  and  opposed  by  the  Duke  of  Athol , 
and  Lords  Erskine,  Rolle,  and  Lauderdale. 
It  was  then  negatived  without  a  division, 
and  the  original  Address  was  agreed  to. 


In  the  Commons,  the  same  day,  Lord 
George  Beresford  reported  the  Prince  Re¬ 
gent’s  answer  to  the  Address  on  the  mar¬ 
riage  of  the  Princess  Elizabeth. 

The  second  reading  of  the  Pancras  Poor 
Bill  was,  on  the  motion  of  the  Solicitor 
General,  postponed  to  this  day  six  months. 

The  House  having  then  gone  into  a  Com¬ 
mittee  on  the  Prince  Regent’s  Message 
relative  to  the  intended  mariiages  of  the 
Dukes  of  Clarence  and  Cambridge,  Lord 
Castlereagh  addressed  the  House  at  grea£ 
length  on  the  subject.  He  stated,  in 
nearly  the  same  terms  which  Lord  Liver¬ 
pool  used  in  the  other  House,  the  settle¬ 
ments  which  were  at  first  in  contempla¬ 
tion,  but,  on  further  examination,  they 
would  propose,  as  the  lowest  sum  which 
could  support  the  marriage  establish¬ 
ments,  an  additional  allowance  of  10,000/. 
a  year  to  the  Duke  of  Clarence,  and  6000/. 
to  l he  junior  Dukes.  He  concluded  with 
moving  the  grant  to  the  Duke  of  Clarence. 

Mr.  Barclay  opposed  the  motion,  on  ac¬ 
count 


Proceedings  in  the  late  Session  of  Parliament.  [Jnly3 


68 

count  of  the  already  over-burthened  state 
of  the  country ;  and  moved,  that  the  Chair¬ 
man  report  progress,  and  ask  leave  to  sit 
again. 

Mr.  Parnell  and  Mr.  Protheroe  supported 
the  amendment. 

Mr.  Gurney  said,  such  applications  as 
the  present  arose  from  the  Marriage  Act, 
which  precluded  the  Royal  Family  from 
intermarrying  with  the  wealthy  families 
of  the  British  nobility  and  gentry,  aud 
compelled  them  to  form  matrimonial 
alliances  with  poor  and  petty  German 
Houses. 

Mr.  H.  Sumner  would  agree  to  a  vote 
of  6000/.,  and  no  more,  to  the  Duke  of 
Clarence.  Report  stated  that  the  Duke’s 
debts  amounted  to  between  50  and  60,000/. 
Ministers  did  not  act  fairly  in  hooking  the 
Duke  of  Cumberland  among  the  others, 
after  the  House  had  negatived  his  former 
demand.  He  highly  praised  the  Duke  of 
Cambridge.  He  had  continued  to  sustain 
the  character  given  of  him  in  his  younger 
years  by  his  illustrious  father.  The  King, 
using  the  language  of  Eton  school,  had 
said,  “  Cambridge  has  not  made  bis  first 
fault  yet.” 

Lord  Castlercagh  assured  the  House, 
that  if  the  Resolutions  were  agreed  to, 
and  30,000/.  were  granted,  the  Duke  of 
Clarence,  after  relieving  him  from  press¬ 
ing  demands,  and  making  a  provision  for 
the  ultimate  extinction  of  his  debts,  would 
have  25,600/.  free  and  unincumbered. 

In  the  sequel  of  the  discussion,  Mr. 
Barclay  withdrew  his  amendment,  and  Mr. 
II.  Sumner  moved  to  reduce  the  grant  to 
:6009l. 

This  motion  was  supported  by  some, 
and  opposed  by  others.  Several  objected 
to  any  provision  for  the  Duke  of  Cumber¬ 
land.  On  a  division,  Mr.  Sumner’s  amend¬ 
ment  was  carried  by  193  to  184.  The  re¬ 
sult  was  received  with  loud  shouts  of  ap¬ 
plause ;  amidst  which,  we  understand, 
that  Lord  Castlercagh  rose  and  observed, 
that  since  the  House  had  thought  proper 
to  refuse  the  larger  sum  to  the  Duke  of 
Clarence,  he  believed  he  might  say  that 
the  negotiation  for  the  marriage  might  be 
considered  at  an  end. — The  Chairman  then 
reported  progress. 

House  of  Lords,  Jpril  16. 

The  Duke  of  Montrose  reporied  that  bis 
Royal  Highness  the  Prince  Regent  had 
been  waited  on  with  the  Address  voted  in 
reply  to  the  Message  respecting  the  Royal 
marriages,  and  had  graciously  received 
the  same. 


In  the  Commons,  the  same  day,  Mr, 
IV.  Smith  made  some  observations  on  the 
practice  of  Extents  in  Aid,  and  observed, 
that  in  the  year  previous  to  his  motion  on 
the  subject,  no  less  than  222  had  been 


issued  ;  but  after  the  Bill  passed,  there 
were  but  six  in  six  months.  He  moved 
that  the  original  documents  laid  before 
the  Committee  of  the  House  last  year  by 
the  Remembrancer  of  the  Court  of  Ex¬ 
chequer  should  now  be  returned  to  tire 
proper  officer.  ,  . 

Lord  J.  Thynne,  at  the  bar,  stated  that 
the  Address  of  the  House  to  the  Queen, 
on  the  marriage  of  the  Princess  Elizabeth, 
had  been  graciously  received  by  her  Ma¬ 
jesty,  who  thanked  the  House  for  this 
mark  of  their  attachment. 

Lord  Castlereagh  informed  the  House, 
that  he  had  w'aited  on  the  Duke  of  Cla¬ 
rence,  and  apprized  him  of  the  vote  of 
the  preceding  night.  His  Royal  Highness, 
in  reply,  expressed  his  conviction,  that 
with  the  allowance  offered  he  could  not 
maintain  a  proper  establishment,  in  the 
event  of  his  marriage,  without  the  liability 
of  running  into  debt;  and,  under  these 
circumstances,  he  felt  the  necessity  of  de¬ 
clining  to  avail  himself  of  the  vote  of  the 
House. 

The  House  having  then  resolved  itself 
into  a  Committee  for  the  further  consider¬ 
ation  of  the  Prince  Regent’s  Message, 
Lord  Cast/ereagh  moved  an  additional 
grant  of  6000/.  a  year  to  the  Duke  of 
Cambridge. 

Mr.  Brougham  objected  to  the  principle 
that  6000/.  should  be  granted  to  the  junior 
branches  :  but  if  it  were  to  be  granted, 
why  had  Ministers  commenced  with  the 
youngest,  passing  by  the  Dukes  of  Kent 
and  Sussex,  who  had  most  worthily  taken 
measures  to  get  rid  of  their  incumbrances 
without  additional  burthens  to  the  coun¬ 
try  ?  To  the  Duke  of  Cambridge  least 
of  all  was  such  an  allowance  necessary. 
He  had  already  18,000/.  a  year  here,  be¬ 
sides  free  lodgings  and  a  free  table  in  a 
royal  palace;  he  had  6000/.  a  year .  in 
Hanover;  and  having  always  been  an  eco¬ 
nomist,  he  had  considerable  savings  in  our 
funds.  But  if  the  allowance  was  neces¬ 
sary  to  enable  him  to  marry,  let  the  great 
property  of  the  heads  of  the  Royal  Family 
be  made  available  for  that  purpose. 

Lord  Castlereagh  protested  against  the 
line  of  argument  taken  by  the  preceding 
speaker,  for  its  tendency  to  the  double 
course  of  invidious  reflection  and  invidious 
comparison.  There  was  no  other  reason 
for  proposing  the  vote  to  the  Duke  of  Cam¬ 
bridge,  but  that  the  negociation  for  his 
marriage  had  been  long  in  train.  He  did 
not  think  the  House  should  take  into  ac¬ 
count  the  emoluments  of  the  temporary 
situation  which  the  Duke  held  in  Hanover, 
at  the  earnest  persuasion  of  his  illustrious 
brother. 

Mr.  Brougham  protested  against  being 
understood  to  have  made  any  invidious 
reflections  or  comparisons.  He,  however, 
tqade  all  allowances  for  the  situation  of 

the 


IS  18.]  Proceedings  in  the  late  Session  of  Parliament 


the  Noble  Lord,  on  account  of  the  vote  of 
last  night. 

Lord  Castlereugh  said,  such  had  been 
the  impression  made  by  the  Hon.  and 
Learned  Gentleman’s  speech. 

Mr.  Brougham  said,  “  the  Noble  Lord 
must  have  been  dreaming.” 

Mr.  F.  Douglas  said,  the  greatest  in¬ 
dignity  had  been  cast  on  the  Royal  Fa¬ 
mily  within  the  last  three  or  four  days  by 
the  Nooie  Lord  and  his  colleagues,  in 
holding  those  royal  marriages  out  to  the 
House  in  a  sort  of  Dutch  auction.  The 
Ministers  of  the  present  day  were  the 
only  men  who  had  made  the  succession 
of  the  House  of  Hanover  disagreeable  to 
the  people  of  England. 

Mr.  Curvien  opposed  the  grant  on  ac¬ 
count  of  the  necessitous  state  of  the 
country. 

Mr.  Wilherforce  did  not  think  the  pro¬ 
posed  sum  too  large.  He  condemned  the 
Royal  Marriage  Act,  which  precluded  the 
several  branches  of  the  Royal  Family  from 
entertaining  the  best  feelings,  and  from 
forming  connexions  which  would  at  once 
promote  their  happiness  and  guarantee 
their  virtue.  It  seemed  to  imply  that 
they  could  be  rendered  better  political 
characters  by  being  worse  men,  which 
was  one  of  the  most  mistaken  notions,  as 
well  as  the  most  immoral  of  public  doc¬ 
trines.  He  eulogized  the  late  Princess 
Charlotte  and  her  illustrious  husband,  the 
Duke  and  Duchess  of  Gloucester,  and  the 
Duke  of  Sussex. 

In  the  sequel  of  the  discussion  the  grant 
was  supported  by  Mr.  Vansitlart,  and  op¬ 
posed  by  Mr.  Brand. ,  Mr.  Tierney,  Mr. 
Sharp ,  Mr.  P.  Methuen,  and  Mr.  Plun¬ 
kett.  On  a  division  the  resolution  was 
carried  by  177  to  95. 

The  resolution  for  a  jointure  to  the 
Princess  of  Hesse  was  carried  without  a 
division. 

Lord  Castler'eagh  then  proposed  a  grant 
of  6000/.  to  the  Duke  of  Cumberland,  not 
intending  to  press  the  vote  to  a  division, 
as  the  sense  of  Parliament  had  already 
been  expressed  as  inimical  to  the  grant. 
This  he  lamented  greatly,  but  his  sense 
of  duty  compelled  him  to  propose  it. 

Mr.  Brougham  opposed  the  grant  on  the 
same  general  principles  on  which  he  had 
grounded  his  opposition  to  the  proposed 
allowances  to  the  other  Dukes.  He  hoped, 
however,  that  a  dower  would  be  granted  to 
the  Duchess,  who  had  been  most  ungene¬ 
rously  and  illiberally  treated. 

Lord  Folkestone  spoke  to  the  same  effect. 

Mr.  Wrotlesley  said,  it  would  be  a  harsh 
proceeding  to  vote  a  dower  to  the  Duchess, 
and  refuse  a  grant  to  the  Duke. 

Mr.  Forbes  took  a  similar  line  of  argu¬ 
ment,  and  expressed  his  intention  to  vote 
against  the  dower  if  the  annuity  to  the 
Duke  were  refused.  He  was  mvich  $ur- 


6.  Sr 

prized  at  the  way  in  which  Lord  Castie- 
reagh  introduced  the  subject. 

Lord  Castlereagh  approved  of  the  manly 
conduct  of  the  Hon.  Member;  but,  for 
his  own  part,  declared  that  he  had  no  re¬ 
luctance  to  go  to  a  division  on  the  question 
as  to  the  grant  to  the  Duke.  At  the  same 
time  he  left  the  matter  to  the  unbiassed 
opinion  of  the  House. 

Sir  W.  Scott  thought,  as  the  marriage 
was  now  approved  of,  there  was  an  end 
of  the  reasons  for  the  vote  the  House  had 
formerly  come  to. 

Mr.  Proiheroe  said,  those  who  now  sup¬ 
posed  the  grant  to  the  Duke  kept  back 
the  most  prominent  arguments  that  had 
been  used  on  a  former  occasion. 

Mr.  Wrotlesley,  in  explanation,  wished 
to  read  an  extract  from  the  speech  of  Sir 
T.  Acland  on  the  occasion  alluded  to;  but 
was  called  to  order. 

Sir  T.  Acland  observed,  that  if  the  ob¬ 
ject  was  to  secure  domestic  peace,  which 
we  were  all  anxious  to  cherish,  nothing 
was  more  calculated  to  disturb  it  than 
the  course  which  had  been  taken  by 
some  ill  judging  friends  on  the  present 
occasion.  (Hear,  hear.)  He  could  not 
give  his  consent  to  the  motion  of  the 
Noble  Lord. 

Lord  Stanley  declared,  that  had  he  been 
present  on  the  occasion  alluded  to,  he  would 
have  voted  against  the  grant  t<»  the  Duke, 
and  so  he  would  now  do,  however  strong 
his  feelings  of  respect  were  towards  the 
Duchess. 

Mr.  F.  Douglas  and  Mr.  Gurney,  after 
the  decision  of  the  House  as  to  the  Duke 
of  Cambridge,  saw  no  reason  for  with¬ 
holding  a  grant  to  the  Duke  of  Cumber¬ 
land.  / 

Mr.  Ilammersley  followed  on  the  same 
side,  and  was  proceeding  to  read  the  cor¬ 
respondence  relative  to  the  marriage  of 
the  Duke  and  Duchess,  when  he  was 
called  to  order. 

Mr.  Elliot  said,  the  advice  which  had 
been  given  to  the  Illustrious  Personages 
to  come  forward  again,  was  not  of  the 
most  discreet  kind  (hear,  hear);  and  he 
solemnly  declared,  that  he  thought  it 
would  be  for  the  character  of  the  House, 
and  for  the  welfare  of  the  country,  that 
the  motion  should  not  be  granted. 

Mr.  Canning  said.  Ministers  could  not 
take  on  themselves  to  exclude  any  branch 
of  the  Royal  Family,  without  stigmatizing 
them  by  such  exclusion  ;  their  proposal 
had  therefore  been  to  take  the  sense  of 
the  House,  and  if  they  fouuil  it  against 
them,  to  vote  themselves,  3S  bound  in 
common  consistency,  but  without  press¬ 
ing  the  measure  against  the  sense  of  the 
House. 

Mr.  B.  Bathurst  supported  the  motion, 
and  Sir  J.  Newport  and  M r.  Ty ynn  op¬ 
posed  it. 


Mr. 


70 


Proceedings  in  the  late  Session  of  Parliament, 


[July, 


Mr.  Littleton,  in  supporting  it,  said,  the 
more  the  character  of  his  Royal  Highness 
the  Duke  of  Cumberland  was  known,  the 
snore  it  would  excite  regard  and  esteem. 
As  to  the  insinuations  that  had  been 
thrown  out  against  him.  no  assertion  of 
their  truth  had  ever  been  made  j  and  he 
should  be  ashamed  if  he  could  be  in¬ 
duced,  by  any  hope  of  popularity,  to  give 
credit  to  them  for  a  moment. 

On  a  division,  the  motion  for  a  grant  to 
the  Duk**  was  negatived  by  143  to  136. 

Lord  Casttereagk  then  proposed  an  al¬ 
lowance  of  6000/.  a  year  to  the  Duchess 
©f  Cumberland,  in  case  of  her  surviving 
the  Duke. 

After  a  warm  altercation  between  Mr. 
Brougham  and  Mr.  Croker,  the  Resolution 
was  unanimously  agreed  to. 


Mr,  Brogdett  brought  up  the  Report  of 
the  Grant  to  the  Duke  of  Clarence. 

Lord  Cas'lereagk  proposed  to  negative 
the  Resolution. 

Mr.  Tierney  said  the  entry  ir.  the  Jour¬ 
nals  would  then  have  the  effect  of  shewing 
that  the  House  had  dissented  from  the 
Committee,  The  proper  wav  W'.uld  be  to 
enter  in  the  Journals  the  Duke’s  reasontr 
for  dec'ming  the  grant. 

Lord  Caatlercagh  said  he  could  not  do 
this  without  authority:  but  the  grant 
might  be  agreed  to,  and  no  methods  taker* 
for  carrying  it  into  effect. 

The  Resolution  was  then  read,  when  Mr, 
M.  A.  Taylor  again  protested  against  it. 

After  a  few  words  from  Mr.  IV,  Smith, 
Lord  Castlereagh,  and  Mr.  Tiernty,  the 
Resolution  was  adopted. 


INTELLIGENCE  FROM  THE  LONDON  GAZETTES 


Supplement  to  the  London  Gazette 
of  Tuesday.  July  14. 

India  Board,  July  13. — Dispatches  have 
been  received  at  the  East  India-house, 
from  the  Governor  in  Council  at  Bombay, 
©f  which  dispatches,  and  of  their  enclo¬ 
sures,  the  following  are  extracts  : — 

[Here  follows  a  Dispatch  from  Lieut.- 
gen.  Sir  T.  Hislop,  inclosing  Lieut.- col. 
Scott’s  Report  of  the  first  action  at  Nag- 
pore,  which  was  published  in  the  London 
Gazette  of  the  6th  of  May,  and  a  copy  of 
the  General  Orders  issued  upon  the  oc¬ 
casion  by  Sir  T.  Hislop  j  also  a  Report 
from  Sir  W.  G.  Keir,  stating  that  he  had 
been  disappointed  in  his  plan  of  surpris¬ 
ing  a  Pindarry  Chief  at  Johud,  as  he  had 
flea  in  the  direction  of  Oudvpoor;  but  five 
guns,  and  a  part  of  his  baggage,  fell  into 
the  hand-,  of  the  British,] 

Extract  from  a  Dispatch  from  the  Gover¬ 
nor  in  Council  at  Bombay  to  the  Secret 
Committee,  dated  Feb.  19,  1818. 

By  the  last  accounts  from  Major.-gen. 
Sir  W.  Keir,  dated  the  31st  and  26th  of 
January,  he  has  apprised  us  that  he  had 
succeeded  in  completely  surprising  a  body 
of  Pindarees  at  the  village  of  Mundapee, 
near  Veera.  The  loss  on  the  part  of  the 
Pindarees  appears  to  have  been  about  100 
men  j  and  such  of  them  as  escaped,  seem 
to  have  fled  wiili  great  precipitation:  one 
Sepoy  only  was  wounded  on  the  occasion. 
— *-We  have  the  pleasure  of  acquainting 
your  Hon.  Committee,  that  since  the  date 
of  our  last  letter,  the  forts  of  Ouchelgur, 
Sunghur,  Pallee,  and  Boorup  have  sur¬ 
rendered  to  the  force  in  the  Concan,  under 
the  command  of  Lieut.-col.  Prother,  with¬ 


out  any  loss  having  been  sustained  by  bis 
detachment  ;  and  that  the  fort  of  Mud- 
dinghur,  lying  between  Severndroog  and 
Bancoote,  ha^  been  captured  by  a  small 
force,  under  the  command  of  Lieut.-col. 
Kennedy,  stationed  at  Severndroog. 

P.  S.  Since  the  above  letter  was  closed, 
we  have  received  a  letter  from  Lieut.-col. 
Macmorine,  commanding  the  1st  brigade 
of  the  Nagpore  subsidiary  force,  to  the 
Resident,  dated  the  6th  of  January,  re¬ 
porting  the  entire  defeat  of  a  body  of  the 
Rajah’s  troops  at  Sreenuggar  f ,  by  the 
detachment  under  bis  command. 

Copy  of  a  Report  from  L  eut.-col.  Mac- 
morine  to  Mr.  Jenkins  the  Resident  at 
the  Court  of  the  Rajah  of  Berar,  dated 
Camp,  Sreenuggur,  6th  Jan.  1818. 

Sir  —  I  did  myself  the  honour  to  ad¬ 
dress  you  in  a  hurried  communication 
yesterday  ;  I  now  beg  leave  to  detail  to 
you  the  particulars  of  the  affair  with  the 
body  of  troops  under  Suddoo  Baba  J.  In 
consequence  of  the  instructions  which  I 
had  received  from  Lieut.-col.  Adams,  and 
which  were  subsequently  confirmed  by 
you,  (  moved,  with  my  detachment,  for 
the  purpose  of  dispersing  the  force  posted 
at  Sreenuggur  ;  but  having  obtained  in¬ 
telligence  at  Gurrawarrah  §,  that  Mund- 
dow  Row  had  moved  to  the  Hurdpoor 
Pass,  with  5000  horse  and  foot,  for  the 
purpose  of  forming  a  coalition  with  Sud¬ 
doo  Baba’s  army,  1  conceived  it  prudent 
to  obtain  a  reinforcement  of  a  squadron 
of  cavalry  from  Brig.-gen.  Hardyman,  and 
instantly  marched  from  Gurrawarrah  to  a 
position  favourable  for  intercepting  him. 
Having  been  joined  by  a  squadron  of  the 


TheS?  ,p'aces  are  situated  in  the  Concan,  South  of  Bombay,  and  in  the  vicinity 
of  the  road  between  Bombay  and  Poona. 

«aTiS‘JUited  upotVh<5  Southern  bank  of  the  Nerbudda,  about  140  miles  to  the  East¬ 
ward  ot  Hoossingabad. 

t  An  Officer  of  the  Rajah  of  Berar.  §  About  25  miles  West  of  Sreenuggur, 

8  th 


ISIS.]  Interesting  Intelligence  from  the  London  Gazettes.  71 


8th  cavalry,  I  commenced  my  march  from 
the  place  at  day-break  yesterday  morn¬ 
ing,  and,  on  iny  arrival  in  the  neighbour¬ 
hood,  at  eight  a.  m.  I  found  the  Enemy 
posted  on  the  heights  N.  E.  of  the  town, 
to  oppose  my  advance,  their  left  flank 
resting  orv  it,  and  supported  by  two  guns, 
and  three  in  the  gurry.  An  immediate 
disposition  for  attack  was  made ;  I  ad¬ 
vanced  in  two  columns  of  infantry,  guns 
in  the  centre,  and  cavalry  on  the  left. 
Immediately  on  the  columns  advancing, 
a  sharp  cannonade  was  opened  from  their 
two  guns  on  the  heights,  and  the  Enemy’s 
cavalry  shewing  themselves  in  front  and 
on  the  right  of  their  position,  I  directed 
the  cavalry  to  move  on  at  a  brisk  pace, 
and  endeavour  to  turn  their  flank  and  cut 
off  their  retreat.  This  was  ably  performed 
by  Lieut.  Chambers,  who  immediately 
charged,  and  completely  routed  aud  pur¬ 
sued  them,  with  great  slaughter. — The 
light  column  of  infantry  was  directed 
to  storm  the  guns  in  the  gurry  and  town. 
—•The  artillery  of  the  brigade  opened  a 
very  well  directed  fire  on  their  front,  which 
having  silenced  their  guns,  the  left  column 
moved  on  to  attack  them  in  front.— The 
desertion  of  the  cavalry  had,  however, 
communicated  a  panic  to  their  infantry, 
who,  on  the  advance  of  the  two  columns, 
under  Majors  Richards  and  Bowen,  fled 
in  all  directions,  abandoning  the  whole  of 
their  guns  and  much  baggage,  which  has 
fallen  into  our  hauds. — The  loss  of  the 
Enemy  has  been  severe ;  it  may  be  esti¬ 
mated  at  from  three  to  400  killed  and 
wounded  ;  two  Sirdar3,  Meer  Mamoodee 
and  Juggeradge  Sing,  are  among  the  slain. 
—I  regret  to  say  our  loss  exceeds  what  I 
yesterday  reported,  but  the  returns  from 
corps  and  detachments  had  not  then 
reached  me  *. — I  beg  leave  to  inform  you, 
that  the  cool  and  steady  discipline  of  the 
whole  of  the  troops  was  such  as  to  merit 
my  highest  approbation. 

G.  M.  Morine,  Lieut.-col. 
Commanding  1st  Brigade  N.  S.  Force. 
[Here  follows  a  Dispatch  from  the  Go¬ 
vernor  in  Council  at  Bombay,  dated  the 
4th  of  March,  inclosing  the  following  Dis¬ 
patches  and  Reports.] 

Copy  of  a  Letter  from  the  Hon.  Mount- 
stuart  Elphinstone,  the  Resident  at  the 
Court  of  the  Peishwah,  to  Mr.  Warden, 
Chief  Secretary  to  the  Government  of 
Bombay,  dated  Camp,  Neerah-f*  Bridge, 
16th  of  February,  1818. 


Sir  —  1  have  the  honour  to  enclose,  for 
the  information  of  the  Right  Hon.  the  Go¬ 
vernor,  a  copy  of  a  letter  dated  the  12th 
instant,  which  1  have  received  from  Brig.- 
gen.  Smith,  relating  his  operations  against 
the  Peishwah  since  the  7th  ultimo. 

1  have  the  honour,  &c.  M.  Elphinstone. 
Copy  ot  a  Dispatch  from  Brigadier-gea. 

Smith  to  the  Hon.  M.  Eiphms  one,  dated 

Camp,  Saitara,  12th  Feb.  1818. 

Sir— My  last  report  to  you  was  dated  the 
7th  ult.  from  Seroor,  when  I  was  preparing 
to  follow  up  the  Enemy  to  the  Southward, 
or  to  support  Brig.-gen.  Pritzler’s  division 
in  that  duty. — The  Peishwah’s  army  con¬ 
tinued  m  that  direction  across  the  Kistnah, 
and  was  followed  by  Brig.  gen.  Pritzler.— 
On  the  21st  ult.  I  heard  of  his  having  re- 
crossed  that  river,  and  of  his  arrival  at 
Utney  on  which  I  accordingly  marched 
rapidly  :  his  Highness  then  immediately 
returned,  as  if  to  draw  me  on  the  same 
side  of  the  river,  and  he  then  kept  a 
Westerly  direction  towards  Kurrar  §,  and 
thence  to  the  Northward  by  this  place, 
till  he  descended  the  Salpee  jj  Ghaut,  on 
the  30th  ultimo,  when  1  had  gained  upon 
him  considerably.  During  my  marches, 
which  were  made  to  the  very  utmost  ex¬ 
ertions  of  my  light  division,  I  was  consi¬ 
derably  harassed  by  the  Enemy’s  caval¬ 
ry,  which  appeared  more  numerous  than 
usual. — The  Enemy  constantly  refused 
front,  even  to  our  smallest  parties  of  in - 
fautry,  but  he  often  pressed  the  rearguard, 
which  occasioned  a  few  casualties  in  slight 
wounds  from  distant  match  locks,  a  return 
of  which  is  transmitted  herewith.— Having 
had  your  instructions  to  form  a  junction 
near  this  place  with  Brig.-gen.  Piitzler’s 
division,  for  the  purpose  of  interchanging 
troops  for  pursuit  and  siege  services,  I  so¬ 
licited  your  permission  to  reduce  Sattara 
while  this  operation  was  accomplishing. 
I  accordingly  reconnoitred  it  on  the  yth 
instant,  and  marched  upon  it  the  following 
day  ;  when,  after  summoning  it,  and  de¬ 
siring  Lieut.-col.  Dalrymple,  the  senior 
Artillery  Officer  of  the  two  divisions,  to 
throw  a  few  light  shells  into  it,  until  re¬ 
gular  batteries  could  be  taken  up,  the 
Killedar  agreed  to  surrender  the  fort  on 
his  being  permitted  to  march  away  with 
his  garrison  unmolested,  and  carrying 
away  their  arms. — The  garrison  consisted 
only  of  about  400  Sebundy  troops,  who- 
seemed  so  little  disposed  to  use  their  arms 
on  this  occasion,  that  it  was  immateri-l. 


*  One  trooper  killed,  and  three  or  four  Sepoys  wounded.  The  returns  have  not 
been  received. 

T  Not  marked  upon  Arrowsmith’s  large  map  of  India. 
t  Utney  or  Huttany,  between  Meritch  and  Beijapoor. 

|  Upon  the  Kistnah  River,  between  Sattara  and  Meritch. 

|f  About  40  miles  from  Poona,  in  a  direction  a  little  to  the  Eastward  of  a  line  be¬ 
tween  Poona  and  Sattarah, 


wllat 


7  2  Interesting  Intelligence  from  th  e  London  Gazettes,  [  Ju  ly, 


what  became  of  them  hereafter,  while  time 
was  very  va  uaole  to  me;  1  therefore  al¬ 
lowed  them  these  terms,  and  having  taken 
possession  of, the  fort,  the  Rajah’s  flag  was 
established  there  yesterday  noon,  agree¬ 
ably  to  your  instructions,  and  his  palace 
and  piopert.y  have  been  preserved  for  him. 
- — About  23  pieces  of  ordnance  of  different 
calibres,  with  a  few  swivels,  gngals,  and 
rockets,  were, taken  in  the  fort,  correct  re¬ 
turns  of  which;  will  be  forwarded  hereafter. 
«— Sattara  is  strong,  and,  as  the  antient 
seat  of  the  Mahratta’s  empire,  carries 
great  consequence  with  it  in  the  estima¬ 
tion  and  prejudices  of  the  Natives  ;  and 
may  therefore  prove  of  greater  value  to 
us  in  the  war  agaius't  the  Peishwah,  than 
in  its  more  local  importance. — I  have  the 
honour  to  be,  & c.  L.  Smith,  Prig. -gen. 

[Here  follows  a  dispatch  fiom  Mr,  El- 
phinstone  to  the  Bombay  Government,  in¬ 
closing  one,  from  Gen.  Smith,  dated  the 
{21st  of  February,  which,  after  relating 
various  movements  in  pursuitofthe  Peish- 
wah’s  army,  states,  that  he  had  suddenly 
yvertaken  it  on  the  20th,  iu  the  morning, 
near  Aelita,  and  proceeds  as  follows  :] 

It  seems,  however,  they  had  some  in¬ 
formation  of  our  approach,  but  not  in  suf¬ 
ficient  time  to  enable  them  to  avoid  us 
without  losing  their  baggage ;  in  these 
circumstances,  GokU  took  the  resolution 
of  risking  an  action.  As.  we  descended 
the  hill,  we  saw  one  body  rather  near  us 
in  mass,  to  the  number  of  between  2 
and  3000,  and  the  number  of  streamers 
implied  the  presence  of  several  Sirdars. 
The  ground  was  so  rocky  and  uneven,  I 
hardly  expected  to  he  able  to  bring  any 
guns  into  action  ;  but  directed  them  to 
keep  on  the  nearest  road,  ready  to  form 
as  required.  The  two  squadrpns  of  his 
Majesty’s  23d  Dragoons  formed  the  cen¬ 
tre  column,  and  were  directed  to  attack 
the  Enemy’s  centre,  the  7th  Light  Cavalry 
were  in  column  on  the  right,  and  the  2d 
Light  Cavalry  was  the  left  column.  We 
descended  the  hill  in  this  older  upon  the 
Enemy,  who  stood  very  firm,  and  after 
forming  squadrons,  I  ordered  the  whole 
to  charge.  The  Enemy  not  only  conti¬ 
nued  firm,  but  advanced,  to  meet  each 
charge  with  great  spirit ;  he  had  how¬ 
ever  availed  himself  of  a  nulla,  and  very 
difficult  ground  to  receive  our  attack  ;  and 
while  the  light  squadron  of  the  7th  cavalry 
was  engaging  under  this  disadvantage, 
tome  of  the  Enemy  got  round  their  right 
£ank  and  rear,  and  at  first  created  a  little 
confusion.  As  they  passed  the  rear  and 
hsft  of  the  7th  cavalry,  Major  Dawes,  of 
the  22d  dragoons,  with  admirable  presence 
of  mind,  threw  back  a  troop  of  that  regi¬ 
ment,  which  immediately  charged  and 
bipke  them,  and  they  were  afterwards  met 
and  suffered  also  by  a  troop  of  the  2d  light 
comity,  which  Major  Walker  had  also 
6 


prepared  for  them. — Capt.  Pierce,  of  the 
Horse  Artillery,  had,  indeed,  with  his 
usual  exertion  and  zeal,  and  notwithstand¬ 
ing  the  very  unfavourable  nature  of  the 
ground,  contrived  to  get  one  gun  in  po¬ 
sition  to  protect  the  right  flank  of  the  7th 
cavalry,  and  1  iiad  the  Enemy  in  my 
power  in  a  solid  mass  within  half  range 
of  grape;  but,  as  this  would  have  impeded 
the  charge,  and  obliged  him  to  disperse 
without  a  trial  with  our  cavalry,  which  he 
now  seemed  willing  to  give,  and  which  our 
corps  so  much  wished  for,  I  kept  the  gun 
in  reserve. — The  charge  of  the  two  squa¬ 
drons  of  the  22d  dragoons  penetrated 
through  the  mass,  and  did  great  executions 
Bapoo  Gokla,  the  Chief  of  the  Mahratta 
army,  fell  eariy,  and  fighting  bravely  to 
the  last.  This  event,  I  have  little  doubt, 
hastened  the  flight  of  this  body,  which 
afterwards  endeavoured  to  form  in  a  still 
larger  one,  that  was  covered  in  low  ground 
beyond  the  village  of»  Ashta,  and  out  of 
our  view  from  the  first  scene  of  action.' 
These  were  also  immediately  charged  by 
the  22d  dragoons  as  they  came  up,  and 
the  whole  being  routed  and  pursued,  soon 
brought  our  troops  upon  the  Enemy’s  bag¬ 
gage  and  followers. — I  have  infinite  satis¬ 
faction  in  reporting,  that  the  Sattara  Ra¬ 
jah,  bis  brothers  and  mother,  were  in  these 
circumstances  rescued  and  brought  safe  in¬ 
to  our  camp,  to  their  great  satisfaction  and 
joy. — 1  calculate  the  loss  of  the  enemy  at 
between  2  and  300  men ;  and,  besides  Gokla, - 
another  Sirdar  of  distinction,  said  to  be 
Naroo  Punt  Aptey,  was  killed. —  The 
Peishwa  abandoned  his  palanquin  early, 
and  took  to  horse,  and  I  regret  exceedingly 
his  person  could  not  have  been  secured  ; 
but  the  troops  had  marched  nearly  30 
miles  before  this  affair  commenced,  and 
the  pursuit  and  return  (nearly  16  miles 
more)  exhausted  the  horses.  Twelve  ele-r 
pbanLs,  37  camels,  several  palanquins  and 
aftaubgurs,  and  a  few  horses,  fell  into  our, 
hands.— After  praising  the  conduct  of  se¬ 
veral  of  his  Officers,  the  General  states, 
that  he  had  not  been  able  to  trace  the 
course  of  the  Peishwa’s  flight;  and  that 
he  could  not  follow  him  until  he  had  dis¬ 
posed  of  the  Rajah’s  family  at  Poonah.— » 
In  a  Postscript  he  says,  that  a  third  Sirdar 
was  found  killed,  supposed  to  be  the  Balia 
Rajah.  *  ,«•  t 

[Here  follow  the  Division  Qrdersissued 
by  Gen.  Smith,  relative  to  the  above  ac¬ 
tion,  with  the  following  Return.]  | 

Total  Killed  and  Wounded — 1  private, 
3  regimental  horses  killed  ;  1  Lieutenant, 
2  trumpeters,  16  privates,  1  Officer’s  horse, 
22  regimental  horses,  wounded  ;  1  Officer’s 
horse,  and  21  regimental  horses,  missing. 

Officer  Wounded—  Lieut.  Warrand,  22d 
dragoons,  slightly. 

[Here  follow  several  Dispatches  and 
General  Orders  relative  to  the  affair  at 

Cone- 


1818]  London  Gazettes. — Foreign  Occurrences.  7  3 


Conegaum,  and  the  second  action  at  Nag- 
pore,  the  details  of  which  had  been  pub¬ 
lished  in  former  Gazettes.] 

Copy  of  a  Report  from  Maj.-gen.  Sir  W. 

Keir,  to  the  Adj. -general,  dated  Camp, 

near  Jaboah  11th  of  February,  1818. 

Sir — l  have  the  honour  to  acquaint  you, 
that  a  few  days  subsequent  to  my  letter 
of  the  3d  iust.  I  received  instructions  from 
bis  Excellency  Sir  T.  Hislop,  to  disperse 
A  body  of  troops,  assembled  under  Bhee- 
rna  Bhye,  a  sister  of  Mulhar  Row  Holkar, 
who  has  been  for  some  time  past  exacting 
money,  and  committing  excesses  through¬ 
out  the  country  ;  I  accordingly  moved 
from  Bondawur-f-  on  the  7th  inst.  leav¬ 
ing  t he  heavy  stores  and  baggage  at  that 
place  under  a  strong  escort,  and  after 
very  long  and  severe  marches,  arrived  at 
this  place  yesterday  morning,  and  en¬ 
camped  close  to  Hheetna  Bhye’s  force. — 
My  instructions  prescribing  in  the  first 
instance  an  attempt  at  an  amicable  ar- 
langement,  I  communicated  to  Bheema 
Bhye  the  line  of  conduct  which  it  was  ne¬ 


cessary  to  pursue,  requesting  her  imme¬ 
diately  to  disband  her  troops,  and  place 
herseif  under  my  protection,  in  order  that 
she  might  be  enabled  to  proceed  to  Ram- 
poora,  conformably  to  the  wishes  of  Hol- 
kar’s  Ministers. — -To  these  demands  she 
considered  it  prudent  to  accede,  and  came 
over  to  rny  camp  in  the  evening  with  200 
followers,  having  discharged  the  remainder 
of  her  troops,  consisting  of  near  2,000 
men,  who  have  been  granted  a  safe  con¬ 
duct  to  Tandlah,  where  they  have  en¬ 
gaged  to  separate,  and  return  to  their  re¬ 
spective  places  of  abode. — The  Bhye  is  at 
present  in  such  reduced  circumstances, 
that  I  have  been  under  the  necessity  of 
providing  for  her  expences  to  Rampoora, 
at  the  rate  of  200  rupees  per  day,  and 
have  reported  the  circumstance  to  Lieut.- 
gen.  Sir  T.  Hislop,  and  Brig. -gen.  Sir  J. 
Malcolm,  Political  Agent  to  the  Governor 
General. —  I  shall  move  to-morrow,  and 
return  to  my  position  at  Budnawur,  by 
easy  marches.  I  have  the  honour  to 
be,  See.  G.  W.  Keir,  Maj.-gen, 


FOREIGN  OCCURRENCES. 


FRANCE. 

Letters  from  Cambray  speak  of  a  very 
prevalent  rumour  there,  that  the  British 
troops,  if  withdrawn  from  France,  will  be 
stationed  for  some  time  in  the  Netherlands. 

The  health  of  Louis  XVIlf.  has  been  so 
far  renovated,  that  he  is  now  able  to  make 
a  pedestrian  excursion  every  morning,  at 
an  early  hour,  in  the  little  park  of  St. 
Cloud.  It  is  mentioned,  that  the  Duchess 
of  Berry  is  again  in  a  slate  of  pregnancy. 

The  King  of  France  lias  determined, 
that  a  squadron  of  ships  of  war  shall  con¬ 
stantly  cruize  on  the  African  coast,  for 
the  purpose  of  visiting  all  French  mer¬ 
chantmen,  and  enforcing  the  due  execu¬ 
tion  of  the  laws  which  have  been  enacted 
in  France  for  the  abolition  of  the  slave- 
trade. 

Notwithstanding  almost  every  private 
fetter  from  Paris  alludes  to  a  reported 
conspiracy  of  the  Ultra  Royalists,  yet  the 
journals  observe  the  most  profound  se¬ 
crecy  upon  the  subject.  It  is  now  openly 
asserted,  that  a  conspiracy  was  entered 
into,  to  dethrone  the  King  j  and  various 
Royalists  of  high  rank  have  been  arrested, 
and  confined  au  secret;  General  Canuel, 
it  is  said,  has  fled,  leaving  his  papers  to 
be  seized  by  the  Police.  It  is,  however, 
proper  to  add,  that  these  particulars  come 
through  a  source  inimical  to  the  accused  ; 

*  About  80  miles  to  the  Westward  of 
Ougein. 

1“  About  30  miles  West  of  Ougein. 

Gent.  Mag.  July,  1818. 

10 


whose  friends,  on  the  other  hand,  declare 
the  whole  to  be  a  conspiracy  of  their  ene¬ 
mies,  now  in  power,  to  prevent  the  lawful 
succession  to  the  Throne,  by  removing  all 
the  loyal  and  honourable  men  round  the 
person  of  Monsieur,  and  thus  to  pave  the 
way  for  a  new  revolution.  It  is  remark¬ 
able,  in  the  midst  of  all  this,  that  the  funds 
have  risen  to  77  francs. 

A  private  letter  from  Paris,  dated  July 
11,  gives  the  following  details  respecting 
the  plan  of  the  late  conspiracy : — “  On 
Wednesday,  the  24th  of  June,  on  the 
rising  of  the  King’s  Council,  at  St.  Cloud, 
the  Ministers  were  to  be  seized  by  a  de¬ 
tachment  of  the  horse-grenadiers  of  the 
1st  regiment  of  La  Roche  Jaquelin,  and 
conveyed  to  the  fortress  of  Vincennes.  A 
part  of  the  3d  regiment  of  the  guard,  Col. 
Berthier  de  Sauvigne’s,  and  a  part  of  the 
2d  Swiss  regiment,  were  to  be  posted  in 
echelon  on  the  road  from  Vincennes  to  Sr. 
Cloud.  About  3000  men,  composed  of 
Gardes-du-corps,  Vendeans,  the  old  Royal 
Volunteers,  & c.  were  to  assemble  at  the 
same  hour  in  the  Place  du  Carousel,  with 
a  countersign,  whence  they  were  to  march 
to  different  predetermined  points,  and 
proceed  to  arrest  and  carry  off  a  certain 
number  of  the  public  functionaries.  The 
insurrectional  troops  were  to  be  com¬ 
manded  by  Generals  C - and  D - 

assisted  by  several  superior  Officers  of 
the  Guard,  whose  names  circulate  in 
public,- but  which  I  refrain  from  mention¬ 
ing,  in  order  to  a<roid  the  risk  of  injustice 

or 


74 


Abstract  of  Foreign  Occurrences.  [July, 


or  error.  Among  the  principal  leaders  of 
the  plot  (who  were  not  to  act  in  a  military 

capacity)  are  mentioned,  MM.  de  B - , 

brothers,  de  V - ,  de  C - ,  de  F - , 

de  P - ,  de  T - ,  de  V - ,  and  seve¬ 

ral  others  who  occupy  a  high  rank  in  the 
State.  On  the  first  part  of  the  plan  being 
carried  into  effect,  had  the  King,  whose 
courage  and  firmness  of  character  is 
known,  refused  to  sign  his  abdication,  it 
is  said,  that  it  was  then  the  intention  of 
the  conspirators  to  proceed  a  la  Paul  pre¬ 
mier.  Gen.  Canuel  was  to  be  Minister  of 
War,  Gen.  Donadieu,  Commander  of  the 
Division  of  Paris;  M.  de  Chateaubriand, 
Minister  for  Foreign  Affairs;  M.  de  Vil- 
lele,  Minister  of  the  Interior;  M.  de  Bru¬ 
ges,  Minister  of  the  Marine  ;  M.  de  Fitz- 
james,  Minister  of  the  King’s  Household  ; 
M.  de  la  Bourdonnaye,  Minister  of  the 
Police,  See.  Such  is  the  information  which 
I  have  been  able  to  collect  from  the  best 
sources  on  this  strange  conspiracy:  how¬ 
ever,  as  I  have  already  said,  I  do  not 
pretend  to  guarantee  any  of  the  details. 
Had  a  plan  so  monstrous,  so  absurd,  been 
successful  in  the  first  steps  of  its  execu¬ 
tion,  it  is  certain  that  the  triumph  of  the 
rebels  would  not  have  lasted  24  hours. 
This  is  a  self-evident  truth;  and  its  con¬ 
viction  explains  that  perfect  security  which 
is  manifested  by  all  classes  of  citizens, 
even  on  the  ’Change,  where  the  public 
funds  have  notceased  to  rise  considerably.” 

Majoc-gen.  Letellier  shot  himself  lately 
at  Paris,  in  consequence  of  the  grief  he 
felt  for  the  loss  of  his  wife,  who  died  a 
few  weeks  since,  of  the  injury  she  received 
from  the  upsetting  of  her  carriage.  She 
was  only  nineteen  years  of  age.  Her  dis¬ 
tracted  husband,  before  committing  the 
dreadful  act,  wrapped  round  him  a  shawl 
belonging  to  her  whose  death  he  so  de¬ 
plored  ;  and  in  his  left  hand  was  found  a 
lock  of  her  hair. 

Anecdote  of  T - d. — When  T - d 

was  asked,  what  he  thought  must  be  the 
consequence  of  the  gross  dishonesty  of  the 
Imperial  system,  inasmuch  as  no  man 
could  rely  on  pecuniary  pledges  or  obli¬ 
gations  which  were  so  repeatedly  broken, 
and  none  would  therefore  trust  the  Empe¬ 
ror  with  any  part  of  his  property  on  loan, 
the  Ex-minister  is  reported  to  have  made 
this  curious  and  characteristic  answer — 
“We  are  independent  of  credit /”  In  other 
words,  we  are  able  to  rob — and  we  there¬ 
fore  will  not  condescend  to  borrow. 
NETHERLANDS. 

News  from  Flanders  contain  some  a:ra- 
tifying  accounts  relative  to  the  harvest. — 
New  barley  had  been  sold  in  the  market 
of  Brussels,  and  wagers  were  laid  that 
new  rye  would  he  brought  to  the  next 
market.  The  fields  from  which  the  barley 
had  been  carried  were  again  ploughed, 
and  some  of  them  already  planted  with 


potatoes.  The  fields  of  French  Flanders, 
Picardy,  and  Artois,  have  not  for  many 
years  offered  the  prospect  of  so  rich  a 
harvest;  and  the  vineyards  of  Champagne 
and  Burgundy  promise  wines  equal  in 
quality  to  those  of  1802,  and  exceeding 
in  quantity  the  produce  of  two  common 
years. 

SPAIN. 

At  the  battle  of  Talavera,  Lieut.-col. 
Copson,  of  the  82d  British  regiment, 
plucked,  while  passing  with  the  army 
through  a  field  of  wheat,  a  few  ears  of 
corn,  which  he  brought  to  England,  and 
presented  to  Mr.  J.  Tarvor,  of  Ranvills, 
near  Romsey,  in  Hants,  as  a  memento 
of  the  victory.  By  the  sons  of  Mr.  Tar¬ 
vor  this  Talavera  wheat  was  first  culti¬ 
vated,  at  their  farm  near  Andover,  most 
successfully  ;  and  by  them  was  introduced 
into  the  several  Counties  of  Great  Britain. 

ITALY. 

While  in  many  parts  of  the  Continent 
remarks  are  made  upon  the  uncommon 
drought  of  the  season,  accounts  from  Italy 
inform  us,  that  frequent  rains  had  so 
swollen  the  rivers  of  that  country,  espe¬ 
cially  the  Po,  that  the  inhabitants  were 
in  great  dread  of  inundation. 

GERMANY. 

The  Journal  des  Dehafs  states,  that  the 
Court  of  Prussia,  to  quiet  some  unfounded 
alarms,  has  issued  a  State  Paper,  de¬ 
claring  that  it  is  not  a  new  Congress,  of 
the  nature  of  that  of  Vienna,  which  is  to 
be  assembled  at  Aix  la-Chapelle;  but 
merely  a  meeting  of  Sovereigns,  at  which 
no  diplomatic  agent  will  be  admitted  ; 
that  that  meeting  will  be  foreign  to  every 
territorial  change  ;  and  that,  besides  con¬ 
solidating  the  bonds  of  friendship  between 
the  Sovereigns,  it  has  no  other  object  than 
to  determine  the  attitude  which  Germany 
ought  to  assume  after  the  evacuation  of 
France  by  the  allied  troops,  for  the  main¬ 
tenance  and  security  of  the  general  peace 
and  tranquillity  of  Europe. 

The  anniversary  of  the  battle  of  Water¬ 
loo  was  celebrated  by  the  Prussians  and 
other  Nations  on  the  Continent  with  reli¬ 
gions  and  other  ceremonies. 

The  Prince  Royal  of  Bavaria  has  quar¬ 
relled  with  his  brother-in-law,  Eugene 
Beauharnois;  and  the  dispute  is  of  60 
serious  a  nature,  that  the  latter  talks  of 
residing  in  future  in  Austria. 

SWEDEN. 

Intelligence  has  been  received  of  the 
death  of  the  Queen  Dowager  of  Sweden, 
her  Majesty  having  survived  her  illustrious 
consort  little  more  than  four  months.  The 
cause  of  her  Majesty’s  death  was  a  violent 
attack  of  spasms. — Her  Majesty  was  in 
her  sixtieth  year,  and  was  married  to  the 
late  King  of  Sweden  in  1774. 


RUSSIA. 


2818.] 


75 


Abstract  of  Foreign  Occurrences . 


RUSSIA. 

Great  Britain  has  invited  Russia  to  en¬ 
ter  into  the  league  now  existing  between 
England,  Spain,  and  the  Netherlands,  for 
the  protection  of  trade  against  the  Barbary 
Corsairs^ — the  Porte  is  also  to  be  called 
upon  to  guarantee  for  their  peaceable  con¬ 
duct. 

DENMARK. 

The  Sound  lists  from  the  16th  to  the 
23d  ult.  contain  104  vessels  for  Great 
Britain  with  grain. 

A  letter  from  Copenhagen  communicates 
the  following  details,  upon  the  breaking 
up  of  the  ice  on  the  coast  of  Greenland  : 

“  Four  hundred  and  fifty  square  miles 
of  ice  have  recently  detached  itself 
from  the  eastern  coast  of  Greenland  and 
the  neighbouring  regions  of  the  Pole.  It 
was  this  mass  which,  during  400  years, 
had  rendered  that  province  at  first  difficult 
of  access,  and  afterwards  inaccessible,  so 
as  even  to  cause  its  existence  to  be 
doubted.  Since  1786  the  reports  of  the 
whalers  have  invariably  referred  to  some 
changes,  more  or  less  considerable,  in  the 
seas  of  the  North  Pole  ;  but  at  the  pre¬ 
sent  time,  so  much  ice  has  detached  itself, 
and  such  extensive  canals  are  open  amidst 
what  remains,  that  they  can  penetrate, 
without  obsi  ruction,  as  far  as  the  83d  de¬ 
gree.  All  the  seas  of  the  North  abound 
with  these  floating  masses,  which  are 
driven  to  more  temperate  climates.  A 
packet  from  Halifax  fell  in  with  one  of 
these  islands  in  a  more  southern  latitude 
than  the  situation  of  London  ;  it  appealed 
about  half  a  mile  in  circumference,  and 
its  elevation  above  the  water  was  estimated 
at  200  feet.  This  breaking  up  of  the  Po¬ 
lar  ice  coincides  with  the  continual  tem¬ 
pests  from  the  South-east,  accompanied 
with  heats,  rains,  storms,  and  a  very 
electrical  state  of  the  atmosphere :  cir¬ 
cumstances  which,  during  three  years, 
have  caused  us  to  experience  in  Denmark 
hot  winters  and  cold  humid  summers. — 
On  the  25th  of  May  there  fell  at  Copen¬ 
hagen  five  showers  of  hail,  to  each  of 
wh>ch  succeeded  a  dead  calm. 

“  Many  mariners  are  apprehensive  that 
the  ice  will  fix  itself  on  the  eastern  coasts 
of  America ;  but  while  the  north-east 
winds  prevail,  these  floating  masses  will 
disappear  in  the  Southern  ocean.  Some 
of  the  floating  islands  conveyed  forests  and 
trunks  of  trees.  We  notice  this  last  fact 
principally  for  the  satisfaction  of  geolo¬ 
gists,  who  attribute  to  phenomena  of  this 
sort  the  blocks  of  foreign  granite  found  in 
the  chain  of  the  Jura  mountains,  and  con¬ 
veyed  at  the  epoch  when  our  highest 
mountains  were  covered  with  water.” 

ASIA. 

Recent  dispatches  from  India  inform 
us,  that  five  of  the  Peishw-a’s  forts  had 
fallen  into  the  hands  of  the  British.  After 
a  harassing  series  of  marches  and  counter¬ 


marches,  General  Smith  came  by  surprise 
on  the  Peishwa’s  main  forces,  near  Asb- 
ta,  on  the  20th  of  February.  The  Chit  f 
of  his  army,  Bapoo  Gokla,  found  it  ne¬ 
cessary  to  make  a  stand,  for  the  protec¬ 
tion  of  his  baggage.  The  enemy,  howe¬ 
ver,  were  speedily  routed  by  a  charge  of 
cavalry,  with  the  loss  of  their  Comman¬ 
der,  two  Sirdars,  500  men,  and  a  number 
of  elephants,  camels,  &e.  The  Peishwa 
fled  early  on  horseback,  and  the  course  of 
his  flight  had  not  been  ascertained.  One 
beneficial  consequence  of  this  victory  was, 
the  rescue  of  the  friendly  Rajah  of  Sattara, 
and  his  family,  from  the  power  of  the 
enemy.  His  capital,  the  antient  seat  of 
the  Mahratta  Empire,  had  surrendered  on 
the  9th  of  February.  The  Bheema  Bhye, 
Holkar’s  sister,  had  placed  herself  under 
the  protection  of  Sir  W.  Keir  ;  and  the 
refractory  body  of  Holkar’s  troops  which 
shecommanded,  wasdispersed.  (Seep.  73.) 

Madras  Papers  to  the  21st  of  February 
have  been  received,  the  contents  of  which 
are  rather  interesting.  There  has  been 
some  skirmishing  with  a  party  of  Holkar’s 
troops,  who  refused  to  abide  by  the  terms 
of  the  treaty  concluded  with  that  Chief. 
A  division  of  these  refractory  troops  had 
been  defeated  by  General  Brown,  and 
their  Chief  narrowly  escaped  with  his  life. 
The  war  with  the  Pindaries  may  now  be 
considered  as  terminated. — Cheetoo,  the 
most  formidable  of  their  Chieftains,  who 
had  an  army  of  15,000  men,  a  considera¬ 
ble  portion  of  whom  were  well  mounted, 
was  attacked  early  in  the  month  of  Janu¬ 
ary  by  the  division  of  Sir  Wm.  Keir,  and 
completely  defeated,  with  the  loss  of  all 
liis  baggage  and  treasures,  to  the  amount 
of  fifty  lacs  of  rupees.  Thus  the  power  of 
the  Pindaries  seems  almost  annihilated  by 
one  short  and  brilliant  campaign. 

Private  letters  mention  a  novel  fact. 
There  has  long  been  a  great  and  increasing 
population  in  India  ;  the  descendants  of 
Europeans  from  Indian  mothers,  and  their 
progeny.  Many  of  them  are  well  edu¬ 
cated,  and  people  of  considerable  pro¬ 
perty  J  and  latterly,  they  have  been  stu¬ 
diously  investigating  what  are  their  rights 
as  free-born  British  subjects.  They  have 
commenced  a  newspaper  to  facilitate  the 
objects  of  their  inquiry.  On  investigation 
it  has  been  found,  that  the  rights  of  this 
mixed  race  are  so  completely  guarded  by 
the  last  Charter  granted  to  the  Company, 
that  it  is  not  in  the  power  of  the  Indian 
Government  to  adopt  summary  measures 
against  these  free-press  men  ;  the  race  in 
question  being  expressly  put  under  the 
protection  of  the  Courts  of  Judicature, 
and  their  rights  secured,  as  British  sub¬ 
jects,  amenable  only  to  the  British  laws. 

Further  intelligence  from  the  East  In¬ 
dies  informs  us,  that  on  the  20th  of  Fe¬ 
bruary  the  troops  of  Bajeorow  were  dis¬ 
persed  by  Gen,  Smith,  after  ail  action  in 

which 


Abstract  of  Foreign  Occurrences.  [July, 


which  Gokla  was  killed ;  12  elephants, 
with  57  camels,  taken  ;  and  the  enemy 
broken  and  discomfited.  Nothing  new  is 
said  of  the  Peishwa  :  but  it  is  certain  that 
General  Pritzler  has  closely  invested  the 
fort  of  Singhur,  where  a  considerable  mass 
of  treasure  is  said  to  be  deposited  ;  many 
of  the  wealthy  Bramins  from  Poonah  hav¬ 
ing  taken  refuge  in  it  before  the  surrender 
of  the  capital.  Three  mortar-batteries 
had  opened  on  the  fortress  ;  and  from  the 
vigour  with  which  the  siege  was  carried  on, 
it  was  supposed  that  Singhur,  with  its  gar¬ 
rison  of  1,500  Aiabs,  would  speedily  fail 
into  the  hands  of  the  besiegers. 

Letters  from  India  slate,  that  military 
possesion  will  be  taken  by  Great  Britain 
of  the  dominions  of  the  Rajah  ot  Berai  ; 
and  that  the  government  of  that  extensive 
country  will  be  administered  pretty  much 
as  the  affairs  of  Mysore  have  been  con¬ 
ducted  since  the  death  of  Tippoo — namely, 
by  inve?ting  a  British  resident  with  all  the 
real  authority  ;  arid  leaving,  or  placing, 
a  nominal  sovereign  on  the  throne.  We 
further  learn,  that  the  Peishwa  will  cer¬ 
tainly  be  deposed,  and  the  office  abo¬ 
lished  ;  that  there  is  to  be  henceforth  no 
ostensible  head  of  the  Mahratta  empiie; 
but  that  a  relative  of  the  present  Chieftain 
will  be  entitled  Rajah  of  Poonah. 

By  a  Government  Proclamation  issued 
at  Madras,  it  is  ordered,  that  the  Silver 
Rupee  shall  iu  future  constitute  the 
standard  coin  of  that  Presidency.  The 
coinage  of  the  Pagoda  is  to  be  discon¬ 
tinued. 

Dreadful  Hurricane  in  the  Mauritius. 

This  island  was  visited,  on  the  1st  of 
March,  by  one  of  the  most  terrible  hurri¬ 
canes  ever  experienced  there.  A  letter 
from  Port  Louis,  of  the  1 6th  of  that 
month,  describes  the  damage  incurred  to 
be  tremendous ;  the  whole  island  was  one 
scene  of  waste  and  destruction  ;  trees  torn 
up  by  the  roots,  and  many  houses  both 
in  town  and  country  laid  flat ;  valuable 
storehouses  unroofed,  &c.  and  the  goods 
within  them  completely  spoiled.  Upwards 
of  forty  sail  of  large  vessels,  besides  small 
craft,  were  driven  on  shore  or  otherwise 
injured. 

AFRICA. 

An  officer  of  the  Spartan,  Capt.  "Wise, 
from  Algiers,  whence  she  sailed  on  the 
17th  of  May,  says,  “  The  plague  was 
ragiug  with  unabated  fury  when  we  left; 
the  deaths  were  from  eighty  to  one  hun¬ 
dred  and  twenty  daily.  The  Dey  lost  an 
only  sow  and  two  daughters  while  we  were 
there.  On  the  1 1  th  May,  two  Algerine 
corvettes  .'ailed  for  Bona  with  troops.  On 
the  bth,  wre  saw  two  Sicilian  ships  of  the 
hue  go  into  Algiers  Bay.  The  Dey  pre¬ 
sented  Captain  Wise  with  two  beautiful 
Algerine  stallions,  and  a  very  handsome 
dagger.  The  late  Dey,  in  tire  space  of 


six  months,  decapitated  upwards  of  1400 
of  his  subjects.,  whose  heads  be  piled  up 
in  one  place,  and  hung  on  tenter  hooks. 
The  present  Dey  is  of  more  mild  manners  ; 
he  may  be  called,  in  fact,  a  tender¬ 
hearted  barbarian. ” — The  Genoese  ship 
Misericordia  having  been  plundered  by 
the  late  Dey  of  Algiers  of  considerable 
property,  and  at  the  same  time  the  Ge¬ 
noese  Vice-Consul  been  treated  with  great 
indignity,  and  dismissed  from  Algiers, 
Captain  Wise,  immediately  on  his  arrival 
at.  Algiers,  entered,  iu  conjunction  with 
his  Majesty’s  Consul,  into  a  negociation 
with  the  Dey;  the  result  of  which  was,  the 
payment  of  35,000  dollars  as  a  compensa¬ 
tion  for  the  property  plundered  on  board 
the  Misericordia;  and  an  unqualified  dis¬ 
avowal,  on  the  part  of  the  reigning  Dey, 
of  the  act  of  his  predecessor. 

The  plague  has  broken  out  with  so  great 
virulence  at  Tangier,  that  it  has  been 
found  necessary  to  adopt  extraordinary 
means  to  prevent  its  extension  to  the  Spa¬ 
nish  shore. 

Another  enterprize  to  explore  the  termi¬ 
nation  of  the  Niger  is  undertaken  ;  and, 
as  in  all  former  ones,  with  sanguine  hopes 
of  success.  Captain  Gray,  of  the  Royal 
African  corps,  is  intrusted  with  the  imme¬ 
diate  charge  of  the  expedition.  The  route 
is  to  be  that  of  the  Gambler  river.  Mr. 
Ritchie,  late  private  secretary  to  Sir  Chas. 
Stuart  at  Paris,  and  Capt.  Marryatt,  of 
the  Royal  Navy,  are  to  attempt  a  journey 
towards  Tombuctoo.  The  former  gentle¬ 
man  is  appointed  Vice-consul  at  Mour- 
zouk,  in  the  interior,  the  capital  of  FeZr. 
zan,  a  dependency  of  Tripoli,  whose  go¬ 
vernor  is  son  of  the  Bey  of  that  kingdom. 
These  gentlemen  are  also  sanguine  of  suc¬ 
cess,  as  the  protection  of  his  Highness,  the 
Bey  is  guaranteed  to  them. 

The  latest  accounts  from  St.  Helena 
continue  to  mention  the  circumstance  of 
the  sailor’s  making  his  way  to  the  resi¬ 
dence  of  Buonaparte.  It  was  also  reported 
on  the  island,  that  in  consequence  of 
representations  from  Napoleon,  or  from 
other  circumstances,  he  would  shortly 
quit  Longwood,  and  reside  at  a  Mr. 
Leech’s  farm,  which  had  been,  or  was 
about  to  be,  purchased  for  his  future  resi¬ 
dence.  The  latter  is  situated  to  the  West¬ 
ward  of  the  only  landing-place  on  the 
island,  about  three  or  four  miles  in  the 
interior.  The  only  access  to  it  is  a  wind¬ 
ing  way  up  the  Ladder- hill,  at  the  top  of 
which  is  a  strong  battery.  The  accounts 
state,  that  it  was  considered  by  every 
person,  not  only  the  pleasantest  residence 
on  the  island,  but  tlmt  all  chance  of 
escape  was  rendered  impossible;  as  any 
person  approaching  could-  be  seen  at  a 
great  distance;  and  as  there  was  only  one 
path,  a  few  sentinels  would  be  sufficient 
for  the  pu'pose  of  guarding  it.  The  forti- 

fications 


77 


Abstract  of  Foreign  Occurrences, 


1818.] 

fications  on  Ladder-hill  are  represented  to 
be  of  the  most  commanding  description, 
large  cannon  looking,  nearly  perpendi¬ 
cularly  down,  both  on  the  narrow  pass 
and  towards  the  sea.  Some  of  them  are 
32  and  44  pounders;  they  are  swung  in 
chains,  and  could  on  the  instant  be  levelled 
at  any  objects,  however  much  below  the 
range  of  the  guns.  By  means  of  a  tele¬ 
graph  at  the  house  of  Mr.  Leech,  com¬ 
munications  could  be  had  in  a  few  seconds 
with  the  Governor’s  house,  or  with  any 
part  of  the  island.  The  greatest  atten¬ 
tion  continued  to  be  paid  to  all  vessels 
sailing  from  the  island.  On  its  being 
made  known  by  signal,  that  a  vessel  is 
about  to  sail  from  the  island,  the  officer 
on  duty  makes  himself  sure  that  Buona¬ 
parte  is  at  his  residence,  or,  to  speak  in 
the  language  of  the  island,  “  he  sights 
him.”  The  signal  is  then  made  for  the 
vessel  to  depart ;  and  if  she  does  not  in¬ 
stantly  heave  her  anchor,  the  batteries 
commence  firing,  and  continue  till  the 
vessel  has  cleared  the  bay. 

Mr.  O’Meara,  the  surgeon  who  accom¬ 
panied  Napoleon  to  St.  Helena,  having 
by  some  means  incurred  the  displeasure 
of  Sir  Hudson  Lowe,  the  latter  ordered 
him  to  be  placed  under  the  same  re¬ 
straints  as  the  French  prisoners.  Mr. 
O’Meara,  in  consequence,  wrote  a  long 
letter  (which  is  published)  to  Sir  Hudson; 
denying  his  power  to  subject  him  to  such 
restraint;  and  demanding,  either  that  the 
order  complained  of  be  rescinded,  or  that 
he  may  be  permitted  to  resign,  and  return 
to  England.  Mr.  O’Meara  further  says, 
he  has  been  tormented  and  ill  treated 
for  several  months  past,  evidently  with  a 
view  to  induce  him  to  resign.  Napoleon 
complains  of  O’Meara  having  been  thus 
obliged  to  give  in  his  resignation  :  his  ill¬ 
ness  he  lays  at  the  Governor’s  door;  and 
says,  a  plot  has  been  contriving  against 
his  life  for  these  two  years  past. — He  calls 
upon  the  Prince  Regent  to  punish  the  au¬ 
thor  of  his  sufferings:  “if  he  do  not,”  he 
concludes,  “  I  bequeath  the  opprobrium  of 
my  death  to  the  reigning  House  of  England .” 

AMERICA,  &c. 

[We  stop  this  sheet  at  the  press  to  say, 
that  advices  have  been  received  that  a 
part  of  the  United  States’  Army,  under 
the  command  of  General  Jackson,  has 
taken  Pensacola  by  storm.  If  true,  this 
is  an  open  act  of  hostility  against 
Spain.] 

The  Russian  brig  Rurick,  under  the 
command  of  Lieutenant  Kotzebue,  has 
been  out  on  a  voyage  of  discovery  two 
years  and  eleven  months.  During  this 
voyage,  which  at  first  was  directed  to  the 
North,  Lieut.  Kotzebue  reached  a  very 
high  latitude,  but  we  are  not  yet  able  to 
slate  it  with  accuracy.  He  fell  in  with  a 
most  Singular  iceberg,  of  great  magnitude. 


which  not  only  had  a  portion  of  its  surface 
covered  with  earth  and  mould,  and  bear¬ 
ing  trees  and  vegetable  productions  ;  but 
a  portion  of  its  water-line  covered  with  a 
shore  formed  by  the  deposit  f  earthy 
matter,  washed  down  from  the  higher 
parts  of  the  earth-covered  ice- berg.  On 
this  shore  a  landing  was  marie,  and  con¬ 
siderable  quantities  of  remains  of  the  Mam¬ 
moth  were  found,  in  such  a  state  of  putre¬ 
faction  as  to  produce  a  most  insupportable 
stench.  The  Rurick  brought  away  a  num¬ 
ber  of  the  tusks  and  other  parts  of  these 
immense  animals,  which  had  probably 
been  preserved  in  a  frozen  state  for  many 
ages,  till  the  masses  of  ice  which  inclosed 
them,  put  in  motion  by  some  unknown 
cause,  reached  a  more  temperate  latitude. 

The  Milledgeville  Journal,  an  American 
paper  of  an  inferior  class,  contains  a 
statement  of  the  trial,  by  court-martial, 
the  condemnation,  and  execution  of  two 
individuals,  named  Arbuthnot  and  Am- 
bruster,  who  are  denominated  by  the 
Journalist,  “  British  Emissaries  and 
whose  crime  is  said  to  have  been  the  ex¬ 
citement  of  the  Indians  to  go  to  war  with 
the  Republicans  of  North  America. 

By  papers  from  Canada  to  the  1st  June, 
we  learn,  that  considerable  discontent 
prevails  iu  that  province.  The  whole  dis¬ 
trict  of  Niagara  having  adopted  the  prin¬ 
ciples,  and  proceeded  according  to  the 
advice,  of  a  Mr.  Gourlay,  in  an  address 
to  the  resident  landholders,  every  town¬ 
ship  held  meetings,  and  have  each  chosen 
a  representative.  These  representatives 
(15  iu  number,  among  whom  are  several 
magistrates)  have  met,  and  chosen  four 
to  represent  the  district  of  the  Provincial 
Convention,  appointed  to  meet  at  York, 
Upper  Canada,  on  the  6th  July,  in  order 
to  send  Commissioners  to  England,  with 
an  address  to  his  Royal  Highness  the 
Piiuce  Regent,  respecting  the  conduct  of 
the  Local  Government.  The  Committee 
of  Niagaia  District  have  invited  others  to 
follow  their  example. 

Accounts  from  Jamaica  state,  that  the 
crops  in  that  island  are  more  plentiful 
this  season  than  they  have  been  for 
many  years  past,  particularly  on  the 
sugar-plantations. 

Christophe,  King  of  Hayti,  is  said  to  be 
gradually  introducing  the  Protestant  reli¬ 
gion  in  his  dominions.  Schools,  professor¬ 
ships,  &e.  on  the  British  system,  and 
under  British  masters,  are  established  at 
Cape  Henry,  and  the  English  language 
only  is  taught. 

The  Polar  Expedition. — We  have  the 
pleasure  of  announcing,  that  a  Whaler 
which  has  just  reached  this  country  states, 
that  it  fell  in  with  this  interesting  Expedi¬ 
tion,  in  the  first  week  in  June,  opposite 
to  Magdalena  Bay,  on  Spitsbergen,  in 
lat.  79.  34.  all  well. 


DOMESTIC 


[  78  ] 

DOMESTIC  OCCURRENCES. 


INTELLIGENCE  FROM  VARIOUS 
PARTS  OF  THE  COUNTRY. 

June  27.  The  veuerable  Ear!  St.  Vin¬ 
cent  went  down  last  week  into  the  neigh¬ 
bourhood  oi  Plymouth,  and  is  at  present 
remaining  at  Trematon  Castle,  the  house 
of  Mr.  Tucker.  His  lordship  lost  no  time 
in  going  to  view  that  stupendous  national 
work,  the  Breakwater,  and  both  his  patri¬ 
otism  and  curiosity  were  fully  gratified  by 
the  sight.  A  line-of-baitle  ship,  the  Bul¬ 
wark,  was  lying  within  it,  as  quiet  and  easy 
as  if  she  had  been  in  Hamoaze,  immediately 
-after  a  smart  gale  from  the  South-west. 
No  ship  of  her  class  would  have  dared  to 
anchor  there  before  the  Breakwater  was 
constructed.  The  pleasure  of  seeing  so 
great  a  public  work  in  such  a  rapid  state 
of  progress,  under  the  exertions  of  Mr. 
Whidby,  must  have  been  greatly  increased 
(as  his  Lordship  confessed  was  the  case) 
both  by  the  reflection  that  the  noble  Earl 
himself  was  the  projector  of  so  great  a  na¬ 
tional  beuefit,  and  the  conviction  that  it 
answered  his  most  sanguine  expectations. 

June  30.  This  evening  the  friends  of 
the  Right  Hon.  George  Canning  met  at 
the  Music-hall,  in  Bold-street,  Liverpool , 
to  celebrate  his  third  return  to  Parliament 
as  Representative  for  that  town  ;  l^lenry 
Blundell  Holinshead,  esq.  in  the  chair.  The 
company  consisted  of  near  300  gentlemen 
of  the  highest  respectability.  The  dinner 
was  very  sumptuous  ;  and  the  tables  pro¬ 
fusely  covered  with  every  delicacy  of  the 
season.  The  body  of  the  Hall  was  taste¬ 
fully  fitted  up  for  the  occasion  ;  and 
a  powerful  band  was  stationed  in  the 
orchestra.  After  the  healths  of  the  King, 
the  Prince  Regent,  the  Queen,  the  Duke 
of  York,  and  some  other  toasts  had  bten 
drank,  the  chairman  said,  in  rising  to 
propose  the  next  toast  —  the  health  of 
their  Right  Hon.  Representative,  he  would 
not  detain  the  company  by  saying  any 
thing  that  he  might  wish  to  say  respecting 
him;  indeed,  he  was  not  vain  enough  to 
think,  that  he  could  add  any  thing  to  ihe 
fame  of  sodistinguishedastatesman:  “The 
Right  Hon.  George  Canning,  and  cordial 
thanks  to  him  for  his  eminent  services.” 
The  toast  was  received  with  the  greatest 
enthusiasm,  and  applauses  continued  for 
many  minutes.  Mr.Canning  rose  to  express 
his  grateful  sense  of  the  honour  paid  to 
him,  and  dilated  in  a  most  eloquent  man¬ 
ner  on  a  variety  of  public  topicks,  describ- 
ingpart  icularlywith  a  master  hand,  in  their 
xrue  and  proper  colours,  the  characters 
of  Modern  Reformers.  From  this  admi¬ 
rable  speech  we  shall  give  some  extracts 
in  our  next. 


July  4.  A  dreadful  fire  happened  at 
Hill  End  Farm,  Sandridge,  near  St.  Al¬ 
ban’s,  in  the  occupation  of  Benjamin 
Young,  esq.  The  fire  began  about  one 
o’clock,  and  burnt  down  three  barn*,  with 
60  loads  of  threshed  and  unthreshed  wheat, 
about  20  loads  of  unthreshed  tares,  and 
a  stable  and  cow-house,  with  three  calves, 
ten  pigs,  and  some  poultry,  a  horse  and 
chaise  belonging  to  Thomas  Rackstrow, 
esq.  of  Hertford  (who  witti  his  family  was 
on  a  visit  there),  a  horse  and  chaise  be¬ 
longing  to  Mr.  Young,  a  wheat-rick  sup¬ 
posed  to  contain  about  100  load,  and  a 
quantity  of  straw  and  stubble. 

Among  the  numerous  proofs  adduced  of 
the  uncommon  heat  of  this  delightful  sum¬ 
mer,  none  merits  record  more  than  the 
following  : — On  the  coast  of  Usan,  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Montrose,  there  have 
been  found  by  the  natives  of  Ferrydera, 
considerable  quantities  of  beautiful  crys¬ 
tallized  salt,  produced  by  the  sun’s  rays 
absorbing  the  fresh  water  from  the  marine 
element,  of  which  it  forms  a  constituent 
part.  This  singular  phaenomenon  has  not 
been  observed  for  nearly  40  years. 

The  late  T.  Ingram,  Esq.  of  Ticknell, 
in  Worcestershire,  has  left  by  his  will 
600/.  the  interest  of  which  is  directed  to 
be  applied  to  the  payment  of  a  clergy¬ 
man,  who  shall  annually  preach,  in  Bir¬ 
mingham,  a  sermon  to  encourage  and 
enforce  humane  treatment  towards  all 
dumb  animals,  particularly  to  horses. 

The  Cornwall  Geological  Society  ha& 
honoured  Dr.  Paris  with  a  magnificent 
service  of  plate.  On  a  silver  waiter  is 
engraved  the  following  inscription  : — “  To 
John  Ayrton  Paris,  M.  D.  F.  L.  S.  Fello*. 
of  the  Royal  College  of  Physicians  of 
London,  this  Plate  is  inscribed  by  the 
Noblemen,  Representatives  in  Parliament 
and  Gentlemen  of  the  County  of  Cornwall, 
in  testimony  of  their  grateful  sense  of  his 
services,  in  suggesting  the  plan,  and  pro¬ 
moting  the  institution,  of  the  Royal  Geo¬ 
logical  Society  of  the  County,  which  has 
rendered  their  home  the  school  of  science, 
and  their  native  riches  increasing  sources 
of  prosperity.” 

It  appears  by  the  latest  accounts  from 
the  South  of  Ireland,  that  the  fever  which 
has  raged  there  for  the  last  18  months, 
continues  unabated  in  extent,  though  it 
has  considerably  lessened  in  its  malignity. 
In  the  city  of  Cork  alone  there  are  three 
fever  hospitals,  in  which  the  number  of 
patients  on  the  29th  of  June  last  exceeded 
300.  From  that  date  to  the  3th  of  July, 
about  270  were  admitted,  and  nearly  the 
same  number  discharged. 


OCCUR- 


79 


ISIS.]  Occurrences  in  London  and  its  Vicinity 


OCCURRENCES  IN  LONDON  AND 

ITS  VICINITY. 

“  Windsor  Castle ,  July  2.  His  Ma¬ 
jesty  has  been  very  tranquil  through  the 
*ast  month,  and  continues  to  enjoy  good 
bodily  health;  but  his  Majesty’s  disor¬ 
der  is  undiminished.” 

July  30.  The  health  of  Her  Majesty,  we 
are  concerned  to  state,  continues  in  a  very 
precarious  state. 

Monday ,  July  13. 

This  day  took  place  the  marriage  of  the 
Duke  of  Clarence  with  the  Princess  Ade¬ 
laide  of  Saxe  Meiningen,  and  the  re-mar¬ 
riage  of  the  Duke  of  Kent  to  the  Princess 
Victoria  of  Saxe  Cobourg.  Fortunately  the 
Queen  was  so  far  better  as  to  be  able  to 
be  present  at  the  double  ceremonial,  for 
which  purpose  a  temporary  altar  was  fitted 
up  in  the  Queen’s  drawing-room,  which 
looks  into  Kew  Gardens.  At  four  o’clock, 
the  whole  of  the  parties  having  arrived, 
her  Majesty  took  her  seat  at  the  right 
side  of  the  altar,  attended  by  the  Prince 
Regent,  and  was  followed  by  the  other 
members  of  the  Royal  Family,  and  the 
Great  Officers  of  State.  The  Duke  of 
Clarence  and  his  intended  bride,  and  the 
Duke  and  Duchess  of  Kent,  being  intro¬ 
duced  into  the  room  in  due  form,  and 
having  taken  their  station  at  the  altar, 
the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  commenced 
the  marriage  ceremony,  assisted  by  the 
Bishop  of  London.  The  brides  were  given 
away  by  the  Prince  Regent.  At  the  con¬ 
clusion  of  the  proceedings,  the  Queen  re¬ 
tired,  and  dined  in  a  private  apartment, 
her  health  not  permitting  her  to  dine  with 
company.  At  five  o’clock  the  Prince  Re¬ 
gent  and  the  remainder  of  the  company 
sat  down  to  a  most  sumptuous  dinner. 
Soon  after  half-past  seven  o’clock  the 
Duke  and  Duchess  of  Kent  left,  in  Prince 
Leopold’s  travelling  chariot,  for  Clare¬ 
mont.  The  Prince  Regent  and  all  the 
Royal  Party  proceeded  in  open  carriages 
to  the  cottage  in  Kew  Gardens,  near  the 
Pagoda,  where  they  drank  tea  ;  after 
which  the  Duke  and  Duchess  of  Clarence 
left  in  a  new  travelling-chariot  for  St. 
James’s  Palace. 

Wednesday ,  June  17. 

The  foundation  of  a  new  Church  was 
laid  at  Stepney  by  the  Duke  of  York,  as¬ 
sisted  by  the  Bishop  of  London.  The 
Rector  of  Stepney  placed  in  a  cavity 
formed  in  the  foundation-stone  a  glass 
bottle  containing  gold  and  silver  coins  of 
the  present  year.  He  also  deposited  a 
plate  with  an  inscription,  stating  by  whom 
the  foundation  was  laid,  the  names  of  the 
rector,  the  trustees,  builders,  &e.  and 
that  the  church  was  for  the  accommoda¬ 
tion  of  1300  persons,  two-thirds  of  the 
space  being  free  sittings. 

Saturday ,  June  20. 

An  alarming  fire  broke  out,  about  eight 


o’clock  this  morning,  at  the  house  of  Mr, 
Downes,  printer  and  bookseller,  Strand, 
near  Temple  Bar.  The  engines  of  the 
different  Fire  Companies  were  immedi¬ 
ately  in  attendance;  but,  notwithstanding 
every  possible  exertion  to  arrest  the  pro¬ 
gress  of  the  devouring  element,  the  inte¬ 
rior  of  the  house,  and  a  great  deal  of  valu¬ 
able  property  in  books,  printing  mate¬ 
rials,  &c.  was  destroyed. 

Monday ,  June  22. 

In  the  Court  of  King’s  Bench,  Lord  El- 
lenborough  gave  it  as  his  opinion,  that  a 
party  publishing  what  passed  in  a  Court 
of  Justice,  did  not  discharge  himself  from 
liability  by  showing  that  the  report  was 
faithful,  and  contained  only  what  in  fact 
occurred.— And  in  the  same  Court,  on 
Friday ,  June  26,  Judge  Bailey  laid  it 
down  as  law,  that  a  blow  was  not  neces¬ 
sary  to  constitute  an  assault: — raisingthe 
hands  in  anger,  as  if  about  to  strike,  was 
as  much  an  assault  as  if  the  blow  had 
been  struck, 

Wednesday ,  July  1. 

A  meeting  of  the  most  eminent  charac¬ 
ters  of  the  City  of  London  was  held  at  the 
London  Tavern,  to  consider  of  offering- 
some  testimony  of  respect  to  their  late, 
worthy  Representative,  Sir  William  Cur¬ 
tis;  when  an  Address  and  a  series  of  Reso¬ 
lutions,  expressive  of  their  high  opinion  of 
his  eminent  services,  and  their  deep  regret 
at  his  not  having  been  again  returned, 
were  carried  with  the  utmost  unanimity. 

Thursday ,  July  2. 

Usher,  the  Clown  of  the  Cobourg  Thea¬ 
tre,  in  consequence  of  a  wager,  set  off  in 
a  machine  like  a  washing-tub,  drawn  by 
four  geese,  at  half-past  twelve  o’clock, 
from  below  Southwark  bridge,  and  passed 
under  four  bridges,  and  arrived  at  half¬ 
past  two  at  Cumberland  Gardens.  A  pole 
extended  from  the  machine  in  which  he 
sat,  to  which  the  geese  were  harnessed, 
For  some  time  they  were  quite  tractable, 
and  he  went  on  swimmingly,  but  at  times 
they  were  quite  restive,  and  not  easily; 
managed.  A  great  number  of  persons 
accompanied  him  in  boats,  and  several 
viewed  the  whimsical  expedition  from  the 
bridges.  After  completing  it,  he  offered, 
for  a  wager  of  100  guineas,  to  return 
from  thence  through  the  centre  arch  of 
London  Bridge  ;  but  no  person  would  ac¬ 
cept  the  challenge. 

Tuesday,  July  7. 

In  the  Admiralty  Court,  Sir  Wm.  Scott 
gave  judgment  in  the  long-pending  suit 
between  Lord  Cochrane  and  the  Fleet  un¬ 
der  Admiral  Lord  Gambier,  respecting 
the  distribution  of  head-money  for  the 
destruction  of  the  French  squadiou  in 
Basque  Roads,  in  April  1809,  The 
Learned  Judge  decided  (against  Lord 
Cochrane’s  claim)  that  it  was  a  distinct, 
continued,  and  co-operative  general  en¬ 
gagement 


80 


Occurrences  in  London  and  its  Vicinity . 


gagement  on  the  part  of  the  Fleet,  as  well 
as  of  the  fire-ships  commanded  by  Lord 
C.  and  on  that  ground  awarded  an  equal 
distribution  to  the  whole  Fleet. 

Saturday,  July  II. 

A  dreadful  fire  occurred  this  night  in 
Newton-street,  High  Holbcrn.  It  com¬ 
menced  in  the  stable  of  Messrs.  Spencer, 
feather-bed  makers.  Five  houses  were 
totally  destroyed,  and  others  much  da¬ 
maged.  The  value  of  the  property  con¬ 
sumed  amoun's  to  many  thousand  pounds. 

The  late  General  Election  has  excited 
perhaps  stronger  commoi ion  in  most  parts 
of  the  United  Kingdom  than  any  former 
one.  A  greater  number  of  New  Members 
has  been  returned  than  usual.  The  Oppo¬ 
sition  interest  has,  it  is  believed,  on  the 
whole  prevailed  :  but  the  champions  for 
unlimited  Reform  and  universal  Suffrage 
have  been  deservedly  treated  with  con¬ 
tempt. 

In  the  present  reign  there  has  been 
coined  in  goldtothe  amount  of71, 639,213/. 
and  in  silver  4,306,120/.  Nearly  20  mil¬ 
lions  of  gold  were  coined  in  five  years. 


[July, 

between  1771  and  1777:  none  in  1814, 
15,  and  16:  but  4.27b ,337/..  in  1817: 
and  of  the  whole  there  is  not,  perhaps, 
two  millions  in  circulation. — Of  the  silver, 
millions  were  coined  in  1816  and  1817. 
The  additional  Members  of  the  Queen’s 
Council,  under  the  new  Regency  Act,  arc, 
the  Bishop  of  London,  Lord  Henly,  Lord 
St.  Helen's,  and  the  Earl  of  Macclesfield. 
Their  Lordships  were  sworn  into  office, 
before  the  Lord  President,  at  the  Council- 
office. 

THEATRICAL  REGISTER. 

New  Pieces . 

Covent  Garden  Theatre. 

July  6.  Who  can  I  be?  a.  Farce. 


English  Opera  House. 

July  14.  'The  Bull's  Head;  an  Ope¬ 
retta.  — 

Haymarket  Theatre. 

July  18.  Nine  Points  of  the  Law ,  or 
Possession  ;  a  Comedy,  in  three  Acts,  by 
Mr.  Jameson. 


An  ACCOUNT  of  the  PRODUCE  of  the  REVENUE  of  GREAT  BRITAIN  (exclu¬ 
sive  of  the  War  Duty  on  Malt  and  Property)  in  the  Years  and  Quarters  ending  5»h 
July  1817,  and  5th  July  1818,  shewing  the  Increase  or  Decrease  on  each  head. 


Customs 

Excise 

Stamps 

Post  Office 
Assessed  Taxes 
Land  Taxes 
Miscellaneous 

Years  ending  July  5. 

_ 

Increase. 

£.1,731,878 

462,502 

412,771 

235,345 

254,965 

’  * 

Decrease. 

£.27,000 

23,792 

r 

1817. 

£.  8,268,501 
20.716,612 
6,030,997 
1,360,000 
5,953,664 
1,187,413 
262,704 

1818. 

£.10,000,379 

21,179,114 

6,443,768 

1,333,000 

6,169,009 

1,163,621 

517,669 

43,759,891 

46,806,560 

3,097,461 

50,792 

Deduct  Decrease 

Increase  on  the  Year 

• 

50,792 

3,046,669 

Quarters  ending  5th  July. 

r~  -  — > 

1817. 

1818. 

Increase. 

Decrease. 

Customs 

£  1,709,613 

£.1,857,144 

£.147,531 

Excise 

4,694,734 

5,637,801 

943,067 

Stamps 

1,589,615 

1,599,814 

10,199 

Post  Office 

323,000 

324,000 

1,000 

Assessed  Taxes 

2,216,806 

2,208,976 

- 

£.7,830 

Land  'Faxes 

464,664 

441,220 

mm  • 

23,444 

Miscellaneous 

62,160 

112,282 

50,122 

1  1,060,592 

12,181,237 

1,151,919 

31,274 

Deduct  Decrease 

31,274 

Increase  on  the  Quarter 

-  1,120,645 

PROMO- 


[  81  ] 

PROMOTIONS  AND  PREFERMENTS. 


Gazette  Promotions. 

July  4.  J.  B.  Gilpin,  esq.  Consul  for 
Rhode  Island. — July  7.  C.  Rushworth,  esq. 
Commissioner  of  Taxes. 


Ecclesiastical  Preferments. 

Rev.  John  Sympson  Sergrove,  LL.  B. 
Cooling  R.  Kent. 


Hon.  and  Rev.  John  Neville,  M.  A. 
Bergh  Apton  R  and  mediet.y  of  Holveston, 
Norfolk,  and  Ottley  R.  Suffolk. 

Rev.  Edward  Bohvar,  Sail  R.  Norfolk. 
Rev.  George  Bythesen,  Freshford  R. 
co.  Somerset. 

Rev.  Henry  Anthony  Pye,  Harvington 
R.  co.  Worcester. 


BIRTHS. 


July  3.  At  Ha  warden  Peculiar,  co. 
Flint,  Right  Hon.  Lady  Charlotte  Neville, 
a  son. — 6.  At  Woolwich,  the  wife  of  Maj. 
Roberts,  Royal  Artillery,  a  son. — 11.  The 
wife  of  Dr.  Dickson,  of  Clifton,  a  dau. — 14. 
The  wife  of  G.  Trower,  esq.  Montague 
Place,  Russell-square,  a  daughter.  —  At 
Moreton  Hall,  co.  Worcester,  the  wife  of 
William  Smith,  esq,  a  dau.  —  At  Sharde- 


loes,  the  wife  of  Thomas  Tyrwhitt  Drake, 
esq.  M.  P.  a  son.  —  15.  The  wife  of  Col. 
H.  D.  Bai Hie,  a  dau. —  36.  In  Charles-st. 
Berke!ey-squ.  Marchioness  de  Nadaillac, 
two  sons.  —19.  At  Sanderstead,  the  wife  of 
Rev.  A.  W  Wigsell,  a  son  and  heir.  —  21. 
At  Odell  Castle,  co.  Bedford,  the  wife  of  Jus¬ 
tinian  Alston,  esq.  a  son.  — 26.  The  wife  of 
H.  Ellis,  esq.  of  the  British  Museum,  stson. 


MARRIAGES. 


June  17.  By  special  licence,  Ralph 
Sheldon,  esq.  of  Weston  House,  co.  War¬ 
wick,  to  Miss  Sarah  Broom,  of  Great  Titch- 
fie  Id- street. 

C.  E.  Graham,  esq.  to  Mary,  eldest  dau. 
of  Rice  Jones,  esq.  of  New  Hall,  Rhuabon. 

20.  Roderick  Macniel,  esq.  eldest  son 
of  R.  Macniel,  esq.  of  Barra,  co.  Inver¬ 
ness,  to  Isabella  Caroline,  eldest  dau.  of 
Charles  Brownlow,  esq.  of  Lurgan,  co. 
Armagh. 

30.  Rev.  J.  J.  Goodenougb,  D.  D.  mas¬ 
ter  of  Bristol  grammar  school,  to  Isabella, 
fourth  dau.  of  R.  N.  Newman,  M.  D.  of 
Thornbury  Park,  and  Clifton. 

Lately.  Charles  Henry  Smith,  esq.  Na¬ 
val  officer  of  Malta  Yard,  to  Mi3s  Mary 
■Gerrans,  niece  of  J.  B.  Murphy,  esq.  Bur¬ 
ton  Crescent. 

July  1.  P,  L.  Brooke,  esq.  of  Mere 
Hall,  co.  Chester,  to  Elizabeth  Sophia,  eld¬ 
est  dau.  of  Adm.  Sir  Charles  Rowley. 

4.  W.  T.  Brande,  esq.  of  Albemarle- 
street,  to  Anna  Frederica,  second  dau.  of 
Charles  Hatchett,  esq.  of  Mount  Clare, 
Surrey,  and  of  Bollington,  co.  Lincoln. 

Capt.  George  Doherty,  13th  light  drag, 
to  Emma,  youngest  daughter  of  the  late 
T.  Henchman,  esq. of NewBurlington-street. 

George  Gordon  Smith,  esq.  late  of  the 
9th  Lancers,  to  Marianne,  Baroness  de 
Dawbrawa,  widow  of  the  late  Baron  de 
Dawbrawa,  of  the  Portuguese  legion  and 
3d  dragoon  guards. 

Rev.  Richard  Fletcher,  B.  A.  of  Clapham 
Common,  Surrey,  to  Caroline  Louisa, 
youngest  daughter  of  R.  Thomas,  M.  D. 
of  Salisbury. 

6.  Robert  Hope,  M.  D.  F.  L.S.  to  Mrs. 
Davies,  of  Upper  Cadogan  Place. 

7.  Rev.  Matthew  Morris  Preston,  of 
Aspedon  Hall,  Herts,  to  Elizabeth,  daugh¬ 
ter  of  the  late  Francis  Garratt,  esq. 

Gent.  Mag.  July ,  1818. 

11 


J.  M.  Carter,  esq.  of  Hertford,  to  Susan¬ 
nah  Sarah,  second  dau.j  and  Edw.  Lewis, 
esq.  of  Piggott’s  hill,  co,  Hertford,  to 
Eleanor,  third  daughter,  of  Rev.  J.  Price, 
rector  of  Great  Meriden. 

9.  A.  Ewart,  esq.  surgeon,  Madras  Estab. 
to  Miss  Agnes  Scott,  of  Pall  Mall. 

C.  R.  Nugent,  esq.  to  Catherine  Elea¬ 
nor,  and  Robert  Coffin,  esq.  to  Elizabeth, 
daughters  of  the  late  T.  Nash,  esq.  of 
Guildford-street. 

H.  L.  Albert,  esq.  late  of  the  58th  regt. 
to  Jane,  only  dau.  of  M.  Wilks,  esq.  of 
Tandridge  Court,  Godstone,  Surrey. 

Joseph  Hedley,  esq.  of  London,  to  Anne, 
second  daughter  of  John  Moseley,  esq.  of 
Checker  House,  Wolverhampton. 

11.  William  de  St.  Croix,  esq.  of  Wind¬ 
sor,  to  Mary,  dau.  of  tbe  late  N.  Green, 
esq.  his  Majesty’s  Consul  at  Nice. 

13.  By  special  license,  Lord  James 
Stuart,  brother  to  the  Marquis  of  Bute,  to 
MissTighe,  only  dau.  of  the  late  W.  Tighe, 
esq.  M.  P.  of  Woodstock,  co.  Kilkenny. 

Rev.  Henry  Dawson,  M.  A.  second  son 
of  William  Dawson,  esq.  of  St.  Leonard’s, 
Berks,  to  Julia,  second  dau.  of  Sir  Robt. 
Buxton,  bart.  of  Shadwell  Lodge,  Norfolk. 

14.  Lieut,  col.  C.  Bruce,  to  Charlotte, 
second  daughter  of  James  Forbes,  esq.  of 
Hutton  Hall,  Essex. 

16.  B.  L.  Gould,  esq.  of  Thornhaugh- 
street,  to  Christiana,  youngest  daughter  of 
W.  Beckett,  esq.  Gower-street. 

A.  C.  Willock,  esq,  royal  artillery,  to 
Miss  Dawes,  of  Foley  Place. 

Gillies  Payne  Sharpe,  esq.  of  Temps- 
ford,  co.  Bedford,  to  Maria,  eldest  daugh¬ 
ter  of  the  late  Rev.  Richard  Palmer,  of 
Grantham,  co.  Lincoln. 

21.  Vise.  Cranley,  eldest  son  of  Earl 
Onslow,  to  Mary,  eldest  daughter  of  George 
Pludyer,  esq,  M,  P. 


OBI- 


[  82  ] 

OBITUARY. 


Sm  Thomas  Bernard,  Bart. 

Died,  on  the  1st  of  July,  1818,  at  Lea¬ 
mington  Spa,  after  a  short  illnesS,  in  the 
69th  year  of  his  age,  Sir  Thomas  Bernard, 
bart.  LL.  D.,  long  and  justly  celebrated  for 
his  philanthropic  labours  and  writings  in 
furtherance  of  the  public  charities  and 
other  useful  institutions  of  the  kingdom  ; 
some  of  which  derived  their  origin,  and 
most  of  them  energetic  assistance  and  sup¬ 
port  from  him.  He  was  the  third  son  of 
Sir  Francis  Bernard,  bart.  Governor  of 
New  Jersey  and  Massachusets  Bay ;  and 
was  born  at  Lincoln,  on  the  27th  of  April, 
1750.  Having  accompanied  his  father, 
when  young,  to  America,  he  studied  at 
Harvard  College,  rti  New  England,  and 
took  a  Master  of  Arts  degree  there.  On 
his  return  to  this  kingdom  he  entered  him¬ 
self  of  Lincoln’s-inn,  and  in  1780  was  called 
to  the  Bar,  and  practised  many  years  in 
the  Conveyancing  line,  in  which  he  had  a 
high  reputation.  On  the  11th  of  May, 
1782,  he  married  Margaret,  one  of  the  two 
daughters,  and  eventually  sole  heiress,  of 
Patrick  Adair,  esq.  which  marriage  adding 
considerably  to  his  income,  he  gradually 
withdrew  from  his  profession,  and  took  up 
the  line  of  honourable  and  useful  employ¬ 
ment  in  which  he  so  greatly  distinguished 
himself  for  the  rest  of  his  life — that  of  sug¬ 
gesting  and  forwarding  all  charitable  and 
other  useful  public  establishments,  and  of 
composing  and  publishing  many  excellent 
works,  the  chief  object  of  which  was  to  dif¬ 
fuse  moral,  religious,  aud  industrious  ha¬ 
bits  among  the  lower  orders,  and  to  in¬ 
crease  their  comforts  and  improve  their 
way  of  life ;  which  publications  are  so 
generally  known  as  to  make  any  recital 
of  them  quite  unnecessary.  In  this  his 
first  marriage,  as  well  as  in  that  which 
took  place  afterwards  on  the  15th  June, 
1815,  with  Charlotte-Matilda,  youngest 
daughter  of  Sir  Edward  Hulse,  bart.,  he 
always  considered  himself  very  fortunate, 
from  that  congeniality  of  temper  and  dis¬ 
position  which  existed,  so  conducive  to 
mutual  happiness  in  both  instances. 

Having  made  himself  very  serviceable 
as  one  of  the  Governors  of  the  Foundling 
Hospital,  in  conducting  their  business,  he 
was,  on  the  13th  of  May,  1795,  upon  Dr. 
White’s  resignation,  elected  Treasurer  of 
that  Corporation,  where  he  resided  eleven 
happy  years,  giving  a  constant  and  zea¬ 
lous  attention  to  all  the  concerns  of  that 
establishment,  the  revenues  of  which  he 
greatly  augmented,  by  his  plan  of  build¬ 
ing  on  a  part  of  the  Hospital  estate  several 
handsome  streets,  to  one  of  which  the  Go¬ 
vernors  thought  fit  to  give  bis  name  ;  and 
upon  Ids  resignation,  in  December  1806, 

4 


he  was  elected  a  Vice-President,  and  so 
continued  till  December  1810. 

Soon  after  he  became  Treasurer  of  the 
Foundling,  viz.  in  1796,  he  proposed,  and 
in  concert  with  the  Bishop  of  Durham, 
Mr.  Wilberforce,  Mr.  Morton  Pitt,  and 
other  benevolent  characters,  established 
the  Society  for  Bettering  the  Condition  of 
the  Poor,  which  has  been  the  means  of 
diffusing  over  the  country  a  large  mass  of 
useful  information,  producing  every  where 
an  evident  effect  in  improving  the  situa¬ 
tion  aud  conduct  of  the  poorer  classes. 

In  1799,  on  the  suggestion  of  Count 
Rumford,  he  set  on  foot  the  plan  of  the 
Royal  Institution  ;  for  which  the  King’s 
Charter  was  obtained  on  the  13th  of  Ja¬ 
nuary,  1800,  which  has  been  of  eminent 
service  in  affording  a  school  for  useful 
knowledge  to  the  young  people  of  the  me¬ 
tropolis,  and  in  bringing  forward  to  pub¬ 
lic  notice  many  learned  and  able  men  in 
the  capacity  of  Lecturers  ;  and  most  of 
all,  in  its  laboratory  being  the  cradle  of 
the  transcendant  discoveries  of  Sir  Hum¬ 
phry  Davy,  which  have  benefited  and  en¬ 
lightened  Europe  and  the  whole  world. 

On  the  25th  of  May,  1800,  wishing  to 
assist  in  remedying  the  complaint  of  a 
want  of  Church  room  in  the  populous  parts 
of  the  metropolis,  Sir  Thomas  purchased 
a  large  building,  which  had  been  erected 
for  a  chapel,  in  West-street,  Seven  Dials, 
and  established  it,  with  the  consent  of  the 
rector,  and  the  Bishop  of  London,  as  a 
Free  Chapel  for  the  neighbourhood,  with 
a  day-school  annexed  to  it  for  420  boys, 
and  a  separate  school  for  girls  ;  and  two 
years  afterwards,  with  the  assistance  of 
his  chaplain,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Gurney,  now 
rector  of  St.  Clement’s,  he  added  to  this 
establishment  the  Society  called  the  Cha¬ 
pel  Benevolent  Society.  In  a  similar  at¬ 
tempt  at  Brighton,  many  years  afterwards, 
he  was  not  equally  successful ;  the  Free 
Chapel  which  he,  in  conjunction  with  many 
worthy  characters  there,  had  established, 
being  at  last  put  down,  on  the  plea  of  its 
interference  with  the  rights  of  the  Vicar. 

It  would  be  endless  to  mention  all  the 
measures  which  he  brought  forward  at  this 
period  of  his  life,  as  well  for  protecting 
children  in  cotton  mills,  and  the  appren¬ 
tices  of  chimney-sweepers,  as  also  for  pro¬ 
viding  schooling  for  the  blind,  promoting 
vaccination,  and  establishing  hospitals  for 
cases  of  typhus  fever,  all  of  which  were 
eminently  useful,  but  the  last  more  par¬ 
ticularly  so  in  the  metropolis,  and  in  large 
towns,  where  his  system  was  adopted. 

In  1801,  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury 
conferred  upon  him  a  Lambeth  degree  of 
A.  M. ;  and  at  the  same  time  the  Univer¬ 
sity 


S3 


Memoir  of  Sir  Thomas  Bernard,  Bart. 


ISIS.] 

sity  of  Edinburgh  sent  him  a  degree  of 
LL.D.  In  the  same  year  his  kind  friend 
and  relative,  the  Bishop  of  Durham,  ap¬ 
pointed  him  Chancellor  of  that  Diocese, 
which  occasioned  his  paying  annual  visits 
to  the  County  Palaiine,  during  one  of 
which  the  School  at  Bishop’s  Auckland  was 
planned,  of  which  he  gives  a  description 
in  one  of  his  best  publications. 

In  1805,  he  formed  the  plan  of  the  Bri¬ 
tish  Institution  for  the  promotion  of  the 
Fine  Arts,  since  better  known  by  the  name 
of  the  British  Gallery,  where  splendid  ex¬ 
hibitions  of  Painting  and  Sculpture  have 
been  annually  brought  forward  to  the  pub- 
lick,  greatly  to  the  encouragement  and  im¬ 
provement  of  British  taste  and  skill. 

Being  a  member  of  the  Literary  Society, 
he  conceived  the  plan,  in  unison  with  the 
present  Lord  Mountnorris,  and  other  mem¬ 
bers  of  that  Society,  of  establishing  a 
Club-house  for  Literature,  from  which  all 
gaming,  drinking,  and  pasty  politicks 
should  be  excluded.  This  club-house  was 
opened  in  1809,  in  Albemarle-street,  under 
the  name  of  the  Alfred,  and  many  of  the 
Bishops  and  Judges  became  members  of  it ; 
and  as  a  proof  of  its  high  reputation,  we 
may  cite  the  long  list  of  candidates,  and 
strong  contention  every  year  to  be  elected 
to  fill  the  vacancies  which  happen. 

Among  bis  numerous  publications,  those 
entitled  the  Barrington  School,  the  Cot¬ 
tager’s  Meditations,  Dialogue  between 
Monsieur  Fran§ois  and  John  English,  the 
entire  Prefaces  and  most  of  the  Reports  of 
the  Society  for  bettering  the  condition  of 
the  Poor,  and  Spurinna,  or  the  Comforts 
of  Old  Age,  have  been  the  most  popular. 
This  last  work  was  printed  privately  in 
1813,  and  given  away  to  friends;  but  the 
applications  for  it  grew  so  numerous,  as 
to  induce  him,  in  1816,  to  publish  it,  with 
considerable  augmentations,  and  it  has 
since  gone  through  four  editions. 

The  last  energetic  effort  of  his  life  was 
to  procure  some  mitigation,  if  not  a  total 
repeal,  of  the  enormous  tax  on  British  salt, 
which  he  considered  contrary  to  every 
maxim  of  sound  policy,  and  militating 
against  the  best  interests  of  the  country. 
He  first  broached  these  sentiments  in  a 
pamphlet  on  the  supply  of  employment 
and  subsistence  for  the  labouring  classes, 
published  in  1816.  And  he  followed  up 
the  subject  by  his  last  and  most  laboured 
work,  entitled  “  The  Case  of  the  Salt  Du¬ 
ties.”  This  led  to  the  appointment  of  a 
Committee  of  the  House  of  Commons,  for 
the  investigation  of  the  subject,  before 
whom  he  was  examined  as  to  the  grounds 
of  the  opinions  which  he  held,  and  as  to 
the  information  which  he  had  collected, 
llie  result  was,  that  a  bill  was  ordered  to 
be  brought  into  Parliament  for  reducing 
the  Duties  on  Rock  Salt  used  for  Agricul¬ 
tural  purposes.  And  it  exceedingly  grati¬ 


fied  him  during  his  last  illness,  to  know 
that  he,  and  those  who  co-operated  with 
him,  had  in  part  succeeded  in  obtaining 
this  Act. 

During  the  last  winter  he  had  been  occa¬ 
sionally  indisposed  with  a  cough  and  bili¬ 
ous  attack  ;  and  his  incessant  labour  and 
study  in  discussing  and  urging  the  Salt 
question,  had  had  a  visible  effect  in  in¬ 
creasing  his  complaints,  so  as  to  induce 
him,  about  the  middle  of  June,  to  repair 
to  Leamington  Spa,  where,  after  about 
ten  days  residence,  the  symptoms  grew 
alarming;  but  he  would  not  consent  that 
his  friends  should  be  written  to,  either 
thinking  favourably  of  his  own  case,  or 
wishing  that  they  should  not  be  troubled 
on  the  occasion.  A  dropsical  affection 
came  on,  which  increasing,  overpowered 
his  breath,  and  hastened  the  termination 
of  his  valuable  life,  and  on  Wednesday 
forenoon,  the  1st  of  July,  he  expired  with¬ 
out  a  struggle. 

His  remains  were  brought  to  London, 
and  interred  on  Friday,  the  10th  of  July, 
next  to  those  of  his  first  lady,  in  a  vault 
under  the  Foundling  Chapel,  where  he  had 
always  expressed  a  wish  to  be  buried. 

He  had  two  elder  brothers,  one  of  whom, 
Francis,  died  before  his  father,  and  the 
other,  Sir  John,  died  in  the  West  Indies  in 
1809,  when  he  succeeded  to  the  Baro¬ 
netage. 

His  first  lady,  Margaret  Adair,  died  on 
the  6th  of  June,  1813,  after  a  happy  union 
of  thirty-one  years  ;  and  her  character  is 
eulogized  by  him  in  his  Spurinna,  or  the 
Comforts  of  Old  Age,  under  the  title  of  a 
Tribute  to  the  Memory  of  a  Departed 
Friend.  His  second  lady,  Charlotte  Ma¬ 
tilda  Hulse,  survives  him  ;  and  to  her  at¬ 
tendance  on  him,  he  owed  much  of  his 
satisfaction  and  comfort  in  his  latest  mo¬ 
ments,  breathing  his  last  in  her  arms. 

The  best  consolation  to  her  and  his  sur¬ 
viving  friends  is,  that  he  is  gone  to  receive 
the  reward  of  his  beneficent  actions,  and 
that  they  have  the  prospect  before  them 
of  a  happy  re-union  in  a  better  state.  As 
he  left  no  issue,  his  title  devolves  to  his 
only  surviving  brother,  Scrope.of  Winchen- 
don,  Bucks,  and  of  Pall  Mall,  London, 
who,  in  1811,  by  royal  licence,  added  the 
name  of  Morland  to  that  of  Bernard,  and 
after  having  been  Member  in  several  Par¬ 
liaments  for  Aylesbury,  has  been  subse¬ 
quently,  and  is  at  present,  Member  for  .St. 
Mawes. 


Harvey  Christian  Combe,  Esq. 

July  4.  Died  at  Cobham  Park,  Surrey, 
Harvey  Christian  Combe,  esq.  He  was 
born  at  Andover,  in  Hampshire,  where  his 
father,  who  possessed  a  landed  estate, 
acted  for  many  years  as  an  attorney.  — 
Being  the  eldest  son,  lie  succeeded  to  the 
patrimonial  fortune ;  and,  notwithstand¬ 
ing 


84 


H.  C.  Combe,  Esq. — Sir  Charles  Price,  Bart.  [July, 


ing  the  hopes  of  independence  held  out  by 
it,  embarked  in  the  commerce  of  hrs  coun¬ 
try.  It  was  as  a  corn-factor,  and  under 
the  patronage  of  a  relation,  that  he  com¬ 
menced  his  career  in  the  City.  Having 
afterwards  married  a  cousin,  by  whom 
he  had  no  less  than  ten  children,  he  suc¬ 
ceeded,  on  her  father’s  death,  to  a  con¬ 
siderable  property.  —  He  *was  afterwards 
engaged  as  a  brewer,  in  an  extensive  and 
profitable  trade,  carried  on  under  ihejirm 
of  Gyfford  &,  Co. ;  and  latterly  under  the 
names  of  Combe,  Delafield,  &  Co.  in  Cas¬ 
tle-street,  Long  Acre. — Mr.  Combe  passed 
through  all  the  honours  of  the  City  with 
credit.  He  was  elected  Alderman  of  Aid- 
gate  Ward  in  1790;  served  the  office 
of  Sheriff  in  1791  ;  was  appointed  Go¬ 
vernor  of  the  Irish  Society  in  1793;  was 
elected  Lord  Mayor  in  1799  ;  and  for  some 
time  commanded  the  10th  regiment  of 
London  Volunteers,  and  distinguished  him¬ 
self  as  an  excellent  officer.-— Mr.  Combe 
first  presented  himself  as  a  candidate  for 
the  representation  of  the  Metropolis  in 
opposition  to  Mr.  Lushington,  on  which 
occasion  he  proved  unsuccessful.  At  the 
general  election,  however,  in  1796,  he  was 
more  fortunate  ;  and  in  1802,  such  was  his 
^increased  popularity,  that  his  name  ap 
peared  at  the  head  of  the  poll,  having 
3377  votes.  —  He  resigned  his  seat  in  Par¬ 
liament,  and  his  Alderman’s  gown,  in  1817. 
—  In  Mr.  Combe  were  closely  united  the 
characters  of  a  man  of  business  and  a 
man  of  pleasurable  pursuits.  He  was  a 
kind  husband,  and  an  indulgent  father ; 
firm  and  warmly  zealous  in  bis  friend¬ 
ships.  Ilis  conduct  in  the  House  of  Com¬ 
mons  was  marked  throughout  by  a  steady 
opposition  to  Ministers;  but  to  those  with 
whom  he  differed  in  opinion,  either  on  spe¬ 
culative  or  political  subjects,  he  was  an 
open-hearted  and  candid  opponent. 


Sir  Charles  Price,  Bart.  &.  Alderman. 

July  19.  Died,  at  Spring  Grove,  Rich¬ 
mond,  Surrey,  in  his  73d  year,  Sir  Charles 
Price,  Bart.  This  truly  worthy  man  was 
the  son  of  the  Rev.  Ralph  Price,  patron 
and  incumbent  of  Farnborough,  Berks, 
by  Sarah,  daughter  and  co-heiress  of  Wil¬ 
liam  Richardson,  of  Derby,  gent.  After  a 
due  foundation  of  religious  instruction  from 
an  excellent  father,  he  was  early  in  life 
initiated  in  business  under  the  auspices  of 
an  uncle,  who  resided  iu  Snow-hill,  and 
carried  on  the  Oil  Trade  on  an  exten¬ 
sive  scale,  a  profession  to  which  the  late 
Baronet  succeeded ;  and  conducted  that, 
and  various  other  branches  of  general 
merchandize,  with  the  most  unremitted  in¬ 
dustry,  and  proportionate  success,  to  the 
end  of  his  days.  He  was  also  at  the  head 
of  a  most  respectable  banking-house.  On 
the  death  of  Mr.  Wilkes,  in  1797,  by  the 


strength  of  high  personal  character  (for  as 
a  public  man  he  was  then  little  known)  he 
was  elected,  by  a  considerable  majority,  to 
be  Alderman  of  the  Ward  of  Farringdon 
Without,  though  opposed  by  Mr.  Wad- 
dington  (a  soi-disant  Patriot,  and  warm  ad¬ 
mirer  of  the  French  Revolution),  who 
was  extremely  popular  in  a  Ward  so  ex¬ 
tensive  as  to  comprize  nearly  a  fifth  part 
of  the  whole  City  of  London.  Mr.  Price 
was  elected  Sheriff  in  1799,  Lord  Mayor 
in  1802 ;  and  in  1804  was  created  a  Ba¬ 
ronet.  In  1798,  and  again  in  1803,  Mr. 
Alderman  Price  stood  prominently  forward 
amongst  the  London  Loyal  Volunteers ; 
being  appointed  in  the  latter  year  Colonel 
Commandant  of  the  4th  regiment;  in 
which  corps  also  his  eldest  son  (now  Sir  C. 
Price)  was  Major  ;  his  second  son,  Ralph, 
Captain ;  and  a  third,  Lieutenant.  In 
1802,  he  was  elected  one  of  the  Represen¬ 
tatives  in  Parliament  for  the  City  of  Lon¬ 
don  ;  and  again  in  1806  and  1807;  but 
in  1812,  finding  the  arduous  duties  of 
that  important  station  incompatible  with 
his  impaired  state  of  health,  and  with  his 
numerous  other  public  avocations,  he  pru¬ 
dently  withdrew  from  Parliament,  and 
thereby  probably  added  some  years  to 
that  life  which  had  for  the  greater  part  of 
it  been  devoted  to  domestic  comforts. 
He  was  for  some  years  Governor  of  the 
Tacklehouse  and  Ticket  Porters,  an  office 
in  the  appointment  of  the  Court  of  Al¬ 
dermen;  which  he  relinquished  only  a 
few  days  before  his  death.  He  was  also 
President  of  the  Commercial  Travellers  So¬ 
ciety.  Tn  the  due  performance  of  his  vari¬ 
ous  public  duties,  Sir  Charles  Price  was 
indefatigable.  As  a  Magistrate,  he  was 
punctual  in  attendance ;  and,  though  in¬ 
flexibly  just,  he  was  patient  and  humane. 
In  Parliament,  though  he  rarely  entered 
into  a  Debate,  he  was  always  at  his  post, 
both  in  the  House  and  in  Committees. 
In  politicks,  he  was  decidedly  a  friend  to 
the  principles  established  by  Mr.  Pitt;  and 
indulgent  to  those  with  whom  he  differed. 
But  it  was  in  private  life  that  his  excellence 
was  most  conspicuous  — in  the  regular  but 
unostentatious  performance  of  religious  du¬ 
ties  ;  and  in  the  calm  enjoyment  of  re¬ 
tiring,  when  leisure  would  permit,  to  share 
the  social  pleasures  of  an  affectionate 
family.  He  married  Mary,  daughter  of 
William  Rugge,  esq.  of  Conduit-street; 
and  never  was  a  happier  couple  than  Sir 
Charles  Price  and  that  amiable  Lady,  who 
survives  him ;  as  does  a  large  family  of 
sons  and  daughters,  to  whom  their  father 
has  left,  in  addition  to  handsome  fortunes, 
an  imperishable  good-name.  He  is  suc¬ 
ceeded  in  title  bv  his  eldest  son,  now 
Sir  Charles  Price,  Bart,  who  is  also  a  part¬ 
ner  in  the  banking-house,  and  in  some 
other  of  his  father’s  mercantile  concerns. 

Right 


85 


1818.]  Lord  Muskerry.  —  Earl  of  Kerry.  —  M.  Suard. 


Right  Hon.  Lord  Muskerry. 

June  25.  Died,  at  his  seat,  Springfield 
Castle,  co.  Limerick,  in  his  73d  year,  the 
Right  Hon.  Rooert  Tilson  Deane,  Lord 
Muskerry,  Baron  Muskerry,  co.  Cork,  a 
Baronet,  a  privy  counsellor  in  Ireland, 
governor  and  custos  rotulorum  of  the 
county  of  Limerick,  colonel  of  the  Limerick 
militia,  a  trustee  of  the  linen  manufacture, 
&e.  His  Lordship  was  born  in  1745,  mar¬ 
ried  in  1775  Anne  Fitzmaurice,  grand¬ 
daughter  and  sole  heiress  of  John  Fitz¬ 
maurice,  esq.  of  Springfield  Castle,  co. 
Limerick,  by  whom  he  had  issue  four  sons, 
two  of  whom  survive  him.  His  Lordship 
was  the  sixth  Baronet  and  first  Peer  of  his 
line,  and  was  descended  from  the  antient 
family  of  Deane,  of  Somersetshire,  (not 
Suff  /lk,  ?  o  er\o'  eo  sly  stated  in  Lodge’s 
Peerage;  of  whom  Sir  Matthew  Deane,  of 
Dromore  co.  Coik,  was  created  a  Baronet 
of  Ireland,  by  Queen  Anne,  in  1709:  be 
was  great  great  grandfather  of  the  late 
Peer.  His  Lordship  is  succeeded  in  his 
title  and  estate  by  his  eldest  surviving 
son,  the  Hon.  John  Thomas  Fitzmaurice 
Deane,  now  Lord  Muskerry,  colonel  in  the 
Army,  major  of  the  38th  regiment  of  foot, 
and  Companion  of  the  Bath,  born  Sep¬ 
tember  27,  1777. 


Right  Hon.  Earl  of  Kerry, 

July  4.  Died,  at  his  house,  Hampton 
Court  Green,  in  his  78th  year,  the  Right 
Hon.  Francis  Thomas  Fitzmaurice,  third 
Earl  of  Kerry,  Viscount  Clanmaurice,  23d 
Baron  of  Kerry  and  Lixnaw,  originally  by 
tenure,  and  by  patent,  a  governor  of  the 
county  of  Kerry,  &c.  The  Earl  was  born 
Sept.  9,  1740,  married  March  1768,  Ana¬ 
stasia,  second  daughter,  and  coheiress  (with 
her  sisters,  Honora,  Viscountess  Kings- 
5and,  and  Margaret,  Countess  of  Louth), 
of  Peter  Daly,  esq.  of  Quansbury,  co. 
Galway,  (whose  marriage  with  Charles 
Daly,  esq.  of  Callow,  co.  Galway,  was  dis¬ 
solved  by  Act  of  Parliament,  March  7, 
1768,)  and  had  no  issue  by  her  Ladyship, 
who  died  April  9,  1799.  The  Earl  is  suc¬ 
ceeded  in  his  honours  by  his  cousin  and 
heir-male,  Henry  Petty,  Marquis  of  Lans- 
downe,  whose  grandfather,  the  Hon.  John 
Fitzmaurice,  second  son  of  Thomas,  first 
Earl  of  Kerry,  assumed  the  name  of  Petty, 
(on  succeeding  to  the  great  estates  of  his 
mncle  Henry,  Earl  of  Shelburne,)  and  was 
created  Earl  of  Shelburne,  in  1755  ;  he  was 
father  of  William,  first  Marquis  of  Lans- 
downe,  and  second  Earl  of  Shelburne.  The 
Barony  of  Kerry,  which  now  devolves  to 
the  Marquis  of  Lansdowne  (together  with 
the  titles  of  Viscount  Clanmaurice  and 
Earl  of  Kerry)  is  one  of  the  most  antient 
Peerages  of  the  United  Kingdom.  The 
Marquis,  besides  his  English  honours,  is 
now  Earl  of  Kerry  and  Shelburne,  in  Ire¬ 
land,  and  twenty  -  fourth  Baron  Kerry. 


The  House  of  Kerry  is  derived  from  the 
same  origin  as  the  Ducal  House  of  Lein¬ 
ster,  the  Windsors,  Earls  of  Plymouth,  &c. 
The  deceased  Earl  had  led  a  very  retired 
and  secluded  life  since  the  death  of  his 
Countess  in  1799. 


J.  B.  Ant.  Shard. 

The  late  M.  Suard  (of  whom  a  slight 
notice  appeared  in  vol.  LXXXVII.  Part 
II.  p.  89.)  was  born  in  1733,  of  a  good 
family  at  Besangon,  where  he  received  his 
education.  His  father  probably  destined 
him  for  the  bar,  as  he  attended  the  law- 
schools  of  his  native  city.  The  pupils  of 
those  schools  and  the  officers  of  the  gar¬ 
rison  were  almost  always  at  war.  The 
officers  claimed  a  superiority  over  the  ci¬ 
tizens;  but  the  students,  quitting  the  lec¬ 
tures  for  the  fencing  school,  there  acquired 
the  art  of  giving  effect  to  their  legitimate 
opposition  ;  and  every  night  one  of  them 
was  charged  with  maintaining  the  honour 
of  the  school.  It  came  to  young  Suard’s 
turn.  An  officer  passed.  “  Who  goes 
there  ?” — “  A  student  at  law.” — “  Take 
the  left.” — “  Take  it  yourself,  or  draw.”— 
Their  swords  were  immediately  crossed, 
and  M.  Suard  laid  his  antagonist  lifeless 
at  his  feet.  He  was  apprehended,  tom 
from  his  family,  and  thrown  into  one  of 
the  dungeons  of  the  castle  of  Joux,  where 
he  was  not  permitted  to  see  any  person  ; 
and  it  was  long  before  he  obtained  his  li¬ 
beration.  After  this  adventure  he  removed 
to  Paris,  where  a  handsome  person,  pleas¬ 
ing  manners,  and  a  cultivated  mind,  gained 
him  admittance  into  the  best  company. 
His  literary  attainments,  which  were  by 
no  means  profound,  rendered  him  partial 
to  works  of  taste.  He  wrote  in  a  pure 
style,  and  his  chief  application  was  di- 
tected  to  the  writers  of  England.  He  was 
well  acquainted  with  the  language  and  li¬ 
terature  of  this  country,  which  enabled 
him  to  execute  the  translations  and  ex¬ 
tracts  that  formed  the  ground  work  of  his 
reputation. 

M.  Suard  soon  after  his  introduction 
into  the  brilliant  circles  of  Paris,  received 
the  title  of  royal  censor .  At  that  period 
the  acceptance  of  this  office  was  equiva¬ 
lent  to  a  renunciation  of  independence, 
and  qualified  a  man  for  receiving  court- 
favours,  places,  and  pensions.  The  first 
work  of  his  which  attracted  any  notice, 
was  entituled,  “  Lettre  ecrite  de  i’autre 
Monde,  par  L.  D.  F.”  (l’abbe  Desfon- 
taines)  a  M.  F.  (Freron);  it  was  anony¬ 
mous.  Soon  afterwards  he  applied  his 
knowledge  of  English  to  the  conducting 
of  the  “Journal  Etranger,”  which  dropped 
in  1762.  He  then  associated  himself  with 
a  man  of  letters,  who  covered  the  shallow¬ 
ness  of  his  erudition  with  the  graces  of  an 
elegant  style,  and  in  1764,  published  to¬ 
gether  with  the  Abb6  Aroaud  the  “Ga¬ 
zette 


86  Memoir  of 

zette  Litteraire  de  l’Europe,”  which  was 
a  continuation  of  the  preceding  work.  In 
1768  they  reprinted  the  most  curious  arti¬ 
cles  in  those  journals  by  the  title  of  “  Va- 
rietes  Litteraries,”  a  new  edition  of  which 
appeared  in  1804. 

About  this  time  the  French  booksellers 
were  diligently  on  the  watch  to  catch  up 
every  thing  that  appeared  in  England, 
especially  voyages  and  travels,  historical 
works,  and  novels.  They  paid  to  obtain 
the  sheets  as  fast  as  they  were  printed, 
and  kept  literary  men  in  their  employ  to 
translate  them.  Letourneur  and  Demeu- 
nier,  afterwards  a  senator,  were  the  prin¬ 
cipal  of  those  retained  by  the  celebrated 
Panckoucke,  and  they  also  acquired  small 
fortunes.  It  was  in  the  same  manner  that 
M.  Suard  laid  the  foundation  of  his.  He 
executed  a  translation  of  Byron’s  Voyage 
round  the  World  in  1764  and  5.  This  was 
a  mere  bookselling  speculation  ;  but  his 
translation  of  Robertson’s  History  of 
Charles  V.  was  distinguished  for  the  cor¬ 
rectness  and  elegance  of  the  style.  No¬ 
thing  but  a  pretext  was  wanting  for  the 
admission  into  the  Academy  of  a  man  who 
had  produced  no  original  work,  but  whose 
chief  merit  consisted  in  the  manner  in 
which  he  had  studied  the  French  language 
and  in  the  delicacy  of  his  taste.  He  was 
admitted  in  the  same  year,  August  1774, 
on  the  same  day  with  the  Abbe  Deliile. 

It  was  but  natural  that  success  so  easily 
obtained  should  excite  jealousy,  and  cause 
the  shafts  of  criticism  to  be  directed  against 
him.  From  this  period  till  the  commence¬ 
ment  of  the  revolution,  he  was  engaged,  in 
association  with  several  other  literati,  in 
various  undertakings,  from  which  he  de¬ 
rived  much  less  fame  than  pecuniary  ad¬ 
vantage.  Among  these  were  the  transla¬ 
tions  of  Hume’s  Life  by  himself,  Robert¬ 
son’s  History  of  America,  the  Voyages  of 
Cook,  Byron,  Carteret,  and  Wallis,  in  13 
vols.  4to. ;  editions  of  “  Maximes  de  la 
Rochefoucauld”  and  “  CaractSres  de  la 
Bruyfere,”  with  an  excellent  sketch  of  the 
character  and  writings  of  the  authors  pre¬ 
fixed,  of  each  of  which  only  25  copies  were 
printed ;  and  a  collection  of  “  Memoires 
pour  servir  a  I’Histoire  de  la  Revolution 
dans  la  Musique,  par  M.  Gluck.” 

Through  the  favour  of  M.  Le  Noir,  lieu¬ 
tenant  of  police,  M.  Suard  was  appointed 
censor  of  the  minor  spectacles.  This  kind 
of  censorship  did  not  then  consist,  as  at  pre¬ 
sent,  in  taking  care  to  prevent  the  appear¬ 
ance  of  any  thing  which  the  government 
might  deem  hostile  to  the  welfare  of  the 
state.  The  duty  of  M.  Suard  consisted 
only  in  watching  lest  the  privileges  of  the 
great  theatres  should  be  infringed  and 
their  interest  compromised,  and  this  task 
he  fulfilled  with  extreme  severity.  No 
piece,  if  at  all  well  conducted,  was  suf¬ 
fered  to  pass,  or  it  was  mutilated  in  such 


M,  Suard.  [July? 

a  manner  as  to  destroy  all  harmony  and 
probability.  It  was  necessary  also  that 
the  subject  should  be  trivial,  and  the  cha¬ 
racters  were  not  allowed  to  be  of  a  higher 
class  than  attorney  or  commissary  of  po¬ 
lice,  which  were  the  lowest  in  what  was 
then  termed  the  bourgeoisie. 

The  “Journal  de  Paris,”  the  first  daily 
paper  published  in  that  capital,  was  sup¬ 
pressed  soon  after  its  commencement  on 
account  of  an  anecdote  respecting  an 
actress  and  a  gentleman  of  Bretagne, 
which  had  been  inserted  in  it,  but  which 
was  certainly  unworthy  of  notice.  The 
proprietors,  however,  obtained  permission 
to  resume  it,  on  condition  that  it. should 
be  under  the  censorship  of  M.  Suard,  to 
whom  they  were  obliged  to  allow  a  con¬ 
siderable  salary.  Notwithstanding  the 
extreme  prudence  of  M.  Suard,  the  jour¬ 
nal  and  pension  were  again  in  great  dan¬ 
ger  for  having  reprinted  the  pretty  song 
of  the  embassy  of  M.  de  Boufflers,  ex¬ 
tracted  from  “Quatre  Saisons  Litteraires.” 

M.  Suard  favoured  the  first  ideas  of  the 
revolution,  but  bis  integrity  and  modera¬ 
tion  kept  him  aloof  from  all  excess.  He 
undertook  a  daily  paper  with  the  title  of 
“  Nouvelles  Politiques,”  the  principles  of 
which  were  sound,  and  in  hostility  to  the 
mobocracy  which  began  to  be  established. 
His  colleague  perished  on  the  scaffold,  and 
Suard  retired  to  Switzerland.  He  return¬ 
ed  to  France  under  the  Consular  govern¬ 
ment,  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  Le¬ 
gion  of  Honour,  a  member  of  the  Institute, 
perpetual  secretary  of  the  Class  of  French 
Literature,  a  member  of  the  Commission 
of  the  Dictionary,  and  had  a  pension  as¬ 
signed  him  in  addition  to  these  various 
employments.  He  resumed  by  the  title 
of  “  Publiciste”  the  journal  which  had 
caused  his  proscription ;  but  some  dis¬ 
agreeable  circumstances  in  which  he  was 
involved  by  it  obliged  him  to  relinquish 
the  conduct  of  this  journal.  In  1803  he 
edited,  with  the  Abbe  Vauxelles,  “Opus¬ 
cules  Philosophiques  et  Litteraires,”  most 
of  them  posthumous  and  inedited,  with 
biographical  accounts  ;  and  in  the  follow¬ 
ing  year  co-operated  in  the  “  Archives 
Litteraires.”  His  other  literary  perform¬ 
ances  are  :  A  Life  of  Tasso,  prefixed  to 
Le  B run’s  Translation  of  the  Jerusalem 
delivered  j  “  Melanges  de  Literature,” 
1803-5,  5  vols.  8vo;  an  edition  conjointly 
with  the  Abb6  Morellet  of  “  CEuvres  com¬ 
pletes  de  Vauvenargues,”  preceded  by  an 
account  of  his  life  and  writings,  1806,  2 
vols.  8vo  $  and  “  Confessions  de  Madame 
de  *#***,  Principes  de  Morale  pour  se 
conduire  dans  le  Monde,”  1817,  2  vols. 
12mo.  To  this  curious  work  of  a  female 
of  superior  understanding  who  died  some 
years  since,  M.  Suard  has  attached  a  pre¬ 
face  ;  but  he  is  censured  for  having  neg¬ 
lected  to  suppress  some  passages.  Seve¬ 
ral 


1818.]  Obituary ;  with  Anecdotes  of  remarkable  Persons.  87 


ral  bibliographers  attribute  also  to  his  pen, 
the  translation  of  Robertson’s  “  History 
of  Scotland,”  1764,  3  vols.  12mo.  Besides 
these  works  he  drew  up  numerous  reports, 
distinguished  by  elegance  and  clearness, 
for  the  Academy,  and  furnished  a  very 
large  proportion  of  the  articles  in  the 
“  Biographie  Universelle.” 

On  the  return  of  the  King,  Suard  was 
re-appointed  secretary  to  the  French  Aca¬ 
demy,  and  officer  of  the  Legion  of  Honour, 
and  continued,  till  the  latest  period  of  his 
life,  to  be  the  delight  of  all  those  compa¬ 
nies  in  Paris  where  agreeable  conversation 
is  preferred  to  games  of  commerce  or  of 
chance.  Since  his  return  he  gave  parties 
once  a  week,  and  the  advantage  of  being 
admitted  to  them  was  highly  appreciated. 
His  memory  was  unimpaired,  his  conver¬ 
sation  untinctured  with  acrimony,  full  of 
intelligence  and  urbanity.  A  catarrhal 
fever  carried  him  off  in  a  few  days  on  the 
20th  of  July,  aged  84  years. 

M.  Suard  was  united  to  a  lady  who  was 
the  delight  of  his  youth,  the  felicity  of  his 
maturer  years,  whose  constant  attention 
rendered  his  old  age  happy  —  a  lady  in 
every  respect  worthy  of  that  homage  which 
he  paid  her  with  his  dying  breath. 

His  remains  were  deposited  in  the  burial- 
ground  of  P&re  Lachaise,  the  ordinary 
place  of  interment  for  members  of  the  In¬ 
stitute. 

DEATHS. 

1817,  AT  Brighton,  Margaret,  youngest 
Oct.  3,  daughter  of  the  late  Mr.  Alex¬ 
ander  Barkly,  Cromarty. 

Oct.  22.  At  Bonington  House,  Lady 
Ross  Baillie,  of  Lamington,  relict  of  the 
late  Sir  John  Lockhart  Ross,  of  Balna- 
goun,  bart.  vice-admiral  of  the  blue. 

1818,  Jan.  12.  Near  Jeypore,  in  the 
East  Indies,  aged  39,  John  Crake,  esq. 
late  surgeon  of  his  Majesty’s  67th  regt. 

March  8.  In  Broad-street,  Great  Marl¬ 
borough  -  street,  in  her  84th  year,  Mrs. 
Mary  Houston,  relict  of  the  late  Simon 
Houston,  esq.  surgeon,  Brewer-street,  Gol¬ 
den-square. 

April  26.  At  Rio  Janeiro,  Commodore 
John  Douglas,  in  the  service  of  the  King 
of  Portugal,  and  master  and  commander 
in  the  Royal  Navy. 

May  2.  At  Rio  de  Janeiro,  J.  P.  Dah- 
mer,  esq.  late  partner  in  the  house  of 
Messrs.  Freese,  Blankenhagen,  and  Co. 
in  that  City. 

May  16.  In  Russel-street,  Liverpool, 
in  the  full  triumph  of  faith,  aged  33,  Mr. 
David  Gordon  Hutchison,  of  the  firm  of 
Hutchison  and  Cheshire,  of  Pool  -  lane, 
merchants.  He  suffered  much  under  a 
rapid  decline  for  the  last  fifteen  months, 
which  he  bore  with  perfect  resignation,  and 
will  long  be  sincerely  and  deservedly  la¬ 
mented  by  his  family  and  relatives,  to 


whom  he  was  much  endeared  ;  and  to  a 
very  numerous  circle  of  friends  his  memory 
will  long  be  cherished  with  sentiments  of 
esteem  and  respect. 

May  17.  At  Barbadoes,  M.  Downie, 
esq.  of  Demerara. 

May  23.  After  a  long  and  severe  ill¬ 
ness,  during  which  he  had  several  paraly¬ 
tic  affections,  Josiah  Potts,  esq.  of  Oiler- 
ton,  near  Knutsford,  in  Cheshire  :  he  was 
brother  of  the  late  Charles  Potts,  esq.  of 
Chester,  clerk  of  the  peace  for  that  county. 
He  married  Mary,  second  daughter  of 
William  Robinson,  esq.  late  of  Hill  Rid- 
ware,  in  Staffordshire,  but  had  no  issue. 
His  loss  will  be  long  and  deeply  regretted, 
not  only  by  his  family  and  friends,  but 
more  particularly  by  the  poor  of  his  neigh¬ 
bourhood,  to  whom  he  was  ever  a  most 
kind  and  liberal  benefactor. 

May  30.  Aged  53,  Wiliiam  Burdon, 
esq.  of  Welbeck-street,  Cavendish-square. 
This  gentleman  was  born  at  Newcastle- 
upon-Tyne  1764,  and  educated  at  the 
Free  Grammar  School  of  that  town,  whence 
he  removed  to  Emanuel  College,  Cam¬ 
bridge,  1782-  A.  B.  1786;  Feilow  and 
A.  M.  1788.  Not  chusing  to  take  orders, 
he  resigned  his  Fellowship  in  1796  ;  and  in 

1798,  married  the  daughter  of  Lieut. -gen. 
Dickson,  who  died  in  1806.  As  a  coal- 
owner  he  resided  part  of  the  year  at  Hart¬ 
ford,  near  Morpeth,  and  the  remainder  in 
London.  He  published  “  Three  Letters 
to  the  Bishop  of  Landaff,”  1795,  8vo; 
“  Examination  of  the  Merits  and  Tendency 
of  the  Pursuits  of  Literature,”  2  Parts, 

1799,  8vo  ;  “  A  Vindication  of  Pope  and 
Grattan  from  the  attacks  of  an  anonymous 
defamer,”  1799;  “Various  Thoughts  on 
Politicks,  Morality,  and  Literature,”  1800, 
8vo  ;  “  Materials  for  Thinking,”  1803,  8vo; 
1812,  2  vols.  8vo ;  “Unanimity  in  the 
present  Contest  recommended,”  1803,  Svo; 
“  Advice  addressed  to  the  lower  Ranks,” 
1803  ;  “  The  Life  and  Character  of  Buona¬ 
parte,”  1804,  12mo  ;  “  Letters  on  the  Af¬ 
fairs  of  Spain,”  1809  ;  “A  Constitution 
for  the  Spanish  Nation,”  from  the  Spanish 
of  Estrada,  1810;  “Introduction  to  the 
History  of  the  Revolution  in  Spain,”  from 
the  Spanish  of  Estrada,  1810  ;  t(  Treatise 
on  the  Privileges  of  the  House  of  Com¬ 
mons,”  1810,  8vo;  “  Examination  of  the 
Dispute  between  Spain  and  her  American 
Colonies,”  1811,  8vo ;  “  Letters  on  the 
Annual  Subscription  to  the  Sons  of  the 
Clergy,”  1811,  Svo;  “  Cobbett  and  the 
Reformers  impartially  examined,”  1813. 

Lately.  —  Cambridgeshire  —  At  Knees- 
worth,  aged  32,  Gamaliel,  second  son  of 
the  late  Sir  Edward  Nightingale,  bart. 

Cheshire  —  In  her  20th  year,  Emma, 
youngest  daughter  of  Rev.  L.  Wetten- 
hall,  rector  of  Church  Lawton. 

At  Bowdon,  aged  63,  Rev.  Thomas 
Whitaker.  * 

Derby- 


88 

Derbyshire  Eleanor,  wife  of  William 
Carlisle,  esq.  of  Longstone-hall. 

Aged  81,  Samuel  Bristowe,  esq.  of 
Twy ford-house,  co.  Derby,  and  of  Bees- 
tborpe- hall,  co.  Nottingham  ;  a  magis¬ 
trate  for  both  counties. 

At  Chesterfield,  T.  Lucas,  esq.  a  gen¬ 
tleman  distinguished  by  many  valuable 
qualities,  and  a  general  philanthropist  in 
every  department  of  life. 

At  Burrowash,  aged  76,  John  Swindell, 
esq.  who  about  twenty  years  ago,  when 
following  the  humble  occupation  of  a  la¬ 
bourer,  very  unexpectedly,  by  will,  came 
into  possession  of  the  estates  and  other 
property  of  Rev.  Henry  Swindell,  M.  A. 
of  the  same  place.  Dying  without  issue, 
Mr.  Swindell  has  bequeathed  a  fortune 
of  2000/.  a  year  to  the  family  of  Mr. 
Rose,  of  Weston  on  Trent,  in  grateful  re¬ 
turn  for  the  kindness  he  experienced  from 
them  whilst  in  their  servitude  before  his 
elevation  in  life. 

Devon —  At  Plymouth,  Giles  Welsford, 
esq.  merchant  of  that  place. 

Dorset  —  At  Sherborne,  Arethusa-Ellen, 
eldest  daughter  of  Rev.  George-Byves 
Hawker,  rector  of  Wareham. 

At  Wimborne,  in  her  72d  year,  the  wife 
of  the  Rev.  J.  Baskett,  one  of  the  minis¬ 
ters  of  the  collegiate  church  of  Wimborne 
Minster. 

Durham  —  At  Durham,  in  his  51st  year, 
M.  Dunn,  esq.  alderman.  He  served  the 
office  of  mayor  in  1801  and  in  1809.  An 
earnest  wish  to  do  good,  accompanied  with 
a  pleasing  deportment,  had  gained  him  the 
general  esteem  of  his  fellow  citizens. 

Gloucestershire  —  In  his  68th  year,  Jo¬ 
seph  Colen,  esq.  of  Cirencester,  formerly 
chief  of  York  factory,  Hudson’s  Bay. 

Kent  —  At  Canterbury,  at  her  father’s 
house,  Mrs.  Monins,  wife  of  Rev.  J.  Mo¬ 
nins,  of  Ringwold. 

At  Chatham,  Mrs.  Knox,  wife  of  Rev. 
Dr.  Knox,  of  Tunbridge. 

At  Rochester,  aged  22,  Mr.  H.  Dowton, 
comedian.  He  was  possessed  of  good  na¬ 
tural  abilities  for  low  comedy,  which  pro¬ 
per  instruction  would  have  improved.  In 
private  life  “  Poor  Harry”  was  much  re¬ 
spected. 

In  his  70th  year,  Rev.  M.  Rutton,  rec¬ 
tor  of  Badlesmere.  Complaining  of  slight 
indisposition,  he  retired  to  rest,  where  he 
fell  asleep  to  awake  in  another  and  a  bet¬ 
ter  world. 

Rev.  Joseph  Sanderson,  vicar  of  Tudely- 
cum-Chapel. 

Lancashire  —  At  Liverpool,  aged  67, 
Mr.  John  Williamson,  for  more  than  thirty 
years  a  distinguished  portrait- painter  i 
as  an  artist,  his  productions  were  not  always 
equally  happy  j  but  his  portraits  of  Ros- 
coe,  Sir  William-Beechey,  Fuseli,  Rev.  J. 
Clowes,  and  Mr.  Birch,  will  place  him  in  a 
respectable  rank  in  his  profession. 


[J  uiy, 

Aged  63,  Rev.  J.  Rigby,  I).  D.  thirty- 
three  years  pastor  of  the  Catholic  chapel 
at  Lancaster. 

At  Woodside,  near  Liverpool,  aged  55, 
Isaac  Burgess,  esq.  Lieut,  -  col.  of  the  Pen- 
denuis  Artillery,  and  surveyor  general  of 
his  Majesty’s  customs. 

Lincolnshire  —  At  Colne,  in  his  68tli 
year,  Mr.  J.  Stutterd,  minister  of  the  Bap¬ 
tist  congregation,  over  which  he  had  pre¬ 
sided  nearly  forty  years.  He  was  a  man 
of  considerable  biblical  knowledge,  and  ge¬ 
nerally  respected  in  the  sphere  in  which 
he  moved. 

In  her  9bth  year,  Mrs.  Kirkby,  mother 
of  Rev.  J.  Kirkby,  rector  of  Gotham. 

Of  an  apoplectic  fit,  aged  45,  Rev.  Field 
Flowers,  rector  of  Partney. 

Norfolk  —  Mary,  wife  of  Rev.  P.  Du 
Val  Aufrere,  rector  of  Seaming. 

Northamptonshire — Aged  31,  Mrs.  A. 
M.  Eddy,  wife  of  Rev.  C.  Eddy,  of  Guils- 
borough,  and  grand-daughter  of  the  late 
Rev.  W.  Hughes,  of  Northampton. 

At  Northampton,  in  his  55th  year,  Rev. 
John  Watts,  rector  of  Collingtree,  vicar  of 
Pattishall,  and  chaplain  to  the  county  gaol. 

Somerset — Suddenly,  Mary,  relict  of 
Robert  Harvey,  M.  D.  of  Bath. 

At  Clifton,  Mary,  widow  of  Richard- 
Warnford  Vicars,  esq.  formerly  of  Leval- 
ley,  Queen’s  County. 

At  Clifton,  John  Edye,  esq.  of  Pinnej% 
co.  Devon. 

At  Bathford  vicarage,  Elizabeth- Ara¬ 
bella,  eldest  daughter  of  Rev.  James  Wil¬ 
liams.  This  afflicted  parent  has  had  to  be¬ 
wail  the  loss,  within  a  short  period,  of  a 
wife,  son  and  daughter,  uncle  and  nephew. 

Staffordshire — At  Litchfield,  in  his  73d 
year,  Mr.  T.  Birch,  principal  bass  singer 
in  the  Cathedral  choir  thirty  years. 

Suffolk — At  Bungay,  aged  74,  Eliza¬ 
beth,  relict  of  Daniel 'Bonhote,  esq.  soli¬ 
citor.  She  was  the  authoress  of  many  po¬ 
pular  woiks,  amongst  which  were  “  Frank- 
ley’s  Rambles,”  “Olivia,”  “The  Paternal 
Monitor,”  &c. 

In  her  44th  year,  Elizabeth-Sopbia,  wife 
of  Thomas  Pytches,  esq.  of  Melton. 

Surrey  —  At  the  Rookery,  near  Dork¬ 
ing,  aged  62,  R.  Fuller,  esq.  banker,  of 
C’ornhill. 

Sussex  —  Suddenly,  Rev.  Thomas  Lewis, 
rector  of  Whatlington. 

Wills  —  At  Mannington  house,  in  her 
80th  year,  Mrs.  Freke,  relict  of  Rev.  J. 
Freke. 

Yorkshire  —  At  Askam  Bryam,  aged  19, 
Martha,  eldest  daughter  of  Capt.  D’Arcy 
Preston,  R.  N. 

At  Leeds,  William  R.  Russel,  esq. 

Joanna,  daughter  of  Sir  A.  Grant,  bart. 
of  Monymusk. 

At  Farnham,  in  his  67th  year,  Rev. 
John  Hallewell,  vicar  of  Nidd,  and  curate 
of  Farnham. 


Obituary ;  with  Anecdotes  of  remarkable  Persons. 


At 


1S18.]  Obituary ;  with  Anecdotes  of  remarkable  Persons.  89 


At  Levesbam,  at  an  advanced  age,  Rev. 
R.  Skelton,  rector. 

Wales  —  At  Landough  Castle,  co.  Gla¬ 
morgan,  in  his  68ih  year,  John  Price,  esq. 

Mrs.  Evans,  wife  of  Rev.  William  Evans, 
of  Towey  Castle,  co.  Carmarthen. 

Scotland  —  At  Edinburgh,  in  the  prime 
of  manhood,  and  the  full  vigour  of  talents 
and  utility,  Dr.  John  Gordon,  physician. 

At  Edinburgh,  Hector  Macneill,  esq. 
author  of  a  variety  of  productions,  the 
principal  of  which  are  as  follows  :  “  On 
the  Treatment  of  the  Negroes  in  Jamaica,” 
1788,  8vo.  —  “  The  Harp,”  a  tale,  in  two 
parts,  1789,  4to.  —  “Scotland’s  Skaith  ; 
or,  the  History  of  Will  and  Jean,”  1795, 
8vo. — “The  Waes  o’ War;  or,  the  up¬ 
shot  of  the  History  of  Will  and  Jean,” 
1796,  Svo. — “  The  Luicks  o’  Forth;  or,  a 
Parting  Peep  at  the  Carse  o’  Stirling,”  a 
plaint,  1799,  Svo.  —  “Poetical  Works,” 
1801,  2  vols,  Svo  ;  3d  edit.  1812. —  “  The 
Pastoral  or  Lyric  Muse  of  Scotland,”  1809, 
4to.  —  “  By  gane  Times  and  latesome 
Changes,”  1812,  3d  edit.  12tno.  —  “  Scot¬ 
tish  Adventurers,  or  the  Way  to  Rise,” 
novel,  1812,  2  vols.  12mo. 

AtGreenhill,  parish  of  Ruthwell,  in  his 
76ih  year,  Andrew  Rome.  This  old  man, 
with  his  bother,  who  still  survives,  and  is 
about  ten  years  older,  was  among  the  last 
of  a  daring  and  enterprising  race  of  smug¬ 
glers,  who  carried  on  an  extensive  con¬ 
traband  trade  in  Annandale,  before  the 
exclusive  privileges  of  the  Isle  of  Man 
were  bought  up  and  regulated  by  Go¬ 
vernment.  He  was  a  native  of  the  border 
parish  of  Dornock,  but  for  the  last  forty  or 
fifty  years  resided  in  the  parish  of  Ruth- 
well,  where  he  rented  a  farm  under  the 
Earl  of  Mansfield.  The  character  of  this 
old  smuggler  was  strongly  marked  with 
the  peculiar  features  of  his  illicit  occu¬ 
pation,  and  would  have  formed  a  fine 
subject  for  the  graphic  pen  of  the  author 
of  “  Guy  Mannering.” 

Ireland — At  Coik,  of  typhus  fever, 
Timothy  Mahony,  esq. 

At  Irishtown,  Westmeath,  aged  19,  Miss 
Eleanor  Gernon,  youngest  daughter  of  the 
Dowager  Countess,  and  sister  to  his  Ex¬ 
cellency  Count  Magawiy. 

At  Loughgilly,  near  Dungannon,  aged 
110,  John  Conroy,  an  industrious  farmer. 
Through  his  long  and  useful  life  he  sup¬ 
ported  the  character  of  an  honest  man. 
He  retained  his  faculties  until  his  disso¬ 
lution. 

In  Dublin,  the  Countess  of  Bective. 

In  Dublin,  Walter  Ivavauah,  esq.  of 
Borri3  ;  he  left  his  elegant  mansion  at 
Borris  six  days  before,  apparently  in  per¬ 
fect  health. 

Abroad. — At  Paris,  aged  83,  M.  Pas¬ 
cal,  Lieutenant  of  the  Hundred  Swiss,  and 
Field-marshal  under  Louis  XV.  and  XVI. 

Gent.  Mag.  July,  1818. 

IQ 

J. 


His  conduct  in  the  Seven-Years  war  was 
the  first  cause  of  his  advancement.  In 
defence  of  Louis  XVL  he  fought  in  the 
midst  of  his  brave  Swiss  until  the  last  mo¬ 
ment  on  the  fatal  10th  of  August. 

At  Paris,  aged  about  50,  M.  Laval!6, 
twenty-five  years  secretary  to  the  Mu¬ 
seum  ;  a  situation  which  he  resigned  two 
years  ago  on  account  of  bad  health. 

At  Paris,  M.  Amable  Brechillet  Jour- 
dain,  an  able  Oriental  scholar.  He  was 
born  in  the  year  1788  ;  and  was  placed 
in  his  youth  with  a  notary,  but,  induced 
by  the  reputation  of  Anquetil  Duperron, 
whose  brother  was  married  to  his  mother’s 
sister,  he  devoted  himself  in  1805  to  the 
study  of  the  Oriental  languages,  under 
those  celebrated  masters  Sylvestre  de  Sacy 
and  Langlbs.  At  the  solicitation  of  the 
latter,  M.  de  Montalivet  created  for  young 
Jourdain  the  place  of  assistant-secretary 
of  the  School  of  the  Oriental  Languages, 
which  he  held  till  his  death. — He  pub¬ 
lished  several  translations,  and,  among  the 
rest,  of  Thornton’s  work  on  Turkey  ;  and 
enriched  the  “  Moniteur,”  the  “  Annales 
des  Voyages,”  and  the  “  Mines  of  the 
East,”  with  curious  and  learned  disserta¬ 
tions.  He  furnished  M.  Michaud  with 
extracts  and  memoirs,  which  he  employed 
in  his  “  Histoire  des  Croisades.”  Last 
year  he  obtained  the  prize  of  the  Academy 
of  Belles  Lettres  for  researches  on  the 
works  of  Aristotle,  and  those  Greek  Philo¬ 
sophers  for  our  knowledge  of  which  we 
are  indebted  to  the  Arabs.  He  was  en¬ 
gaged  upon  a  “  Histoire  de  l’Elevation  et 
de  la  Chute  des  Barmecides,”  the  text  of 
which  he  hoped  to  have  printed  with  the 
original  characters. 

At  Paris,  M.  Theodore  Vernier,  advocate. 
He  was  a  deputy  to  the  States  General 
in  1790,  and  devoted  his  chief  attention 
to  finance.  He  was  distinguished  for  the 
soundness  of  his  opinions  in  the  Conven¬ 
tion  of  1793:  in  that  Assembly  he  dis¬ 
played  the  courage  of  a  virtuous  integrity, 
and  drew  upon  himself  an  honourable  pro¬ 
scription.  He  was  afterwards  elected  a 
member  of  the  Council  of  Ancients,  be¬ 
came  a  senator,  and  died  a  member  of 
the  Chamber  of  Peers  at  the  age  of  87 
years.  His  literary  productions,  none  of 
which  rank  above  mediocrity,  were  writ¬ 
ten  for  his  own  amusement,  printed  at  his 
expence,  and  three  fourths  of  the  copies 
were  gratuitously  distributed. 

At  Paris,  Rev.  T.  Robinson,  of  Nansloe, 
Cornwall. 

Near  Paris,  Mad.  Martin,  better  known 
by  the  name  of  Mad’lle.  Gorselin,  who  was 
long  the  Queen  of  Parisian  ballet. 

At  Versailles,  Capt.  Edward  O’Shaugh- 
nessy,  R.  N. 

At  Boulogne-sur-mer,  Rev.  Keelinge 
Freeman,  son  of  J.  Freeman,  esq.  of  Red- 

more- 


90 


more-hall,  co»  Worcester. 

Trinity  College,  Oxford. 

At  Hieres,  M.  Rocca,  with  whom  Mad. 
de  Stael,  shortly  before  her  death,  acknow¬ 
ledged  her  marriage.  He  was  author 
of  a  volume  of  “  Memoirs  on  the  late  War 
in  Spain. ” 

Near  Marosque,  in  France,  aged  51, 
Count  Gardanne,  who  was  Buonaparte’s 
ambassador  at  the  Court  of  Persia. 

At  Tours,  the  wife  of  Barry  Lawless, 
esq.  of  Cherrywood,  co.  Dublin. 

In  her  48th  year,  the  Princess  of  Saxe- 
Hilburghaussen,  sister  to  the  Duchess  of 
Cumberland. 

At  a  very  advanced  age,  without  hav¬ 
ing  experienced  much  illness,  Baron  de 
Thummel,  well  known  by  his  different  vi¬ 
sionary  productions,  in  which  levity  and 
wit  usurp  the  place  of  reason.  Feeling 
his  last  hour  approach,  he  caused  a  glass 
of  Rhenish  wine,  about  a  hundred  years 
old,  to  be  brought  to  him,  and  which  he 
had  expressly  reserved  for  this  period. 
His  last  desire  was  to  be  inierred  on  the 
side  of  the  high  road.  It  is  not  known, 
say  the  Saxon  Journals,  what  was  his  mo¬ 
tive  for  making  so  singular  a  request  ; 
perhaps,  like  Werter,  he  wished  “  that  his 
tomb  might  be  situated  where  the  Priest, 
the  Levite,  and  the  Samaritan,  could  drop 
a  tear  on  it  in  passing.”  He  has  left 
some  manuscripts,  which  his  numerous 
admirers  hope  will  soon  be  published. 

At  Vienna,  Baroness  Ai  nstein,  wife  of 
Baron  Arnstein,  banker,  of  that  city. 

In  Silesia,  aged  72,  Prince  Frederick 
Louis,  of  Hohenlohe  fngelfingen,  a  Ge¬ 
neral  in  the  Prussian  service.  , 

At  Schwitz,  his  native  place,  General 
Aloys  Reding. 

In  his  80th  year,  Dr.  Wingard,  com¬ 
mander  of  the  Order  of  the  Polar  Star, 
and  one  of  the  Eighteen  of  the  Swedish 
Academy.  As  chaplain  to  the  Court, 
he  was  well  known  for  his  oratorical 
talents,  and  was  always  a  favourite  of 
Gustavus  III. 

At  Pisa,  where  she  went  for  the  recovery 
of  her  health,  Hon.  Charlotte  Plunkett. 
She  was  sister  to  Lord  Cloncurry,  and' 
.married  in  1803.  Edward,  eldest  son  of 
Lord  Dunsany,  by  whom  she  has  left  two 
sons  and  one  daughter. 

At  Modena,  Count  M.  Filipo  Re,  the 
most  celebrated  Professor  of  Agriculture 
and  Botany  of  Italy.  Among  the  vast 
number  of  works  which  he  has  bequeathed 
to  posterity,  we  may  distinguish  his  “  Ele¬ 
ment  di  Agricoltura,”  the  only  Italian 
production  in  which  the  most  solid  prin¬ 
ciples  of  chemistry  are  applied  methodi¬ 
cally  and  clearly  to  practical  agriculture. 

At  Lucca,  M.  Leoni.  He  was  the  au¬ 
thor  of  a  translation  of  Milton’s  Paradise 
I.ost,  printed  at  Pisa  in  1817  in  three  8vo 
volumes.  It  is  accompanied  with  a  Life 
2 


of  Milton,  from  the  London  edition  of 
1730,  Hayley’s  conjectures  respecting  the 
origin  of  Paradise  Lost,  and  Dr.  Johnson’s 
observations  on  that  Poem. — About  the 
same  time  M.  Lazzaro  Papi  put  to  press 
a  second  edition  of  his  translation  of  Mil- 
ton  in  two  12mo  volumes.  He  has  en¬ 
riched  this  work  with  a  life  of  Milton  com¬ 
piled  from  the  various  biographical  ac¬ 
counts  of  the  poet  published  in  England, 
numerous  observations,  and  the  remarks 
of  Addison  on  the  merits  of  the  Paradise 
Lost. — The  latter  is  the  most  faithful  to> 
the  original. 

At  Gibraltar,  in  his  54th  year,  Joseph 
Larcom,  esq.  late  a  Captain  in  his  Ma¬ 
jesty’s  Navy,  and  Naval  Commissioner  of 
the  Island  of  Malta.  He  was  on  his  way 
to  England  for  the  recovery  of  his  health.. 

At  Cairo,  of  a  dysentery,  Mr.  Louis 
Burkhard  (under  the  assumed  name  of 
Sheik  Abrahim)  youngest  son  of  Colonel 
Gedeon  Burkhard.  Mr.  Louis  Burkhard, 
who  was  ardent,  enterprising,  and  ani¬ 
mated  with  the  desire  of  acquiring  know¬ 
ledge,  being  in  England,  offered  his  ser¬ 
vices  to  the  English  Association  for  mak¬ 
ing  discoveries  in  the  interior  of  Africa. 
After  having  learned  the  languages,  and 
acquired  the  knowledge  necessary  for  a. 
journey  of  this  kind,  he  set.  off  some 
years  ago,  and  repaired  to  Cairo,  to  join 
the  caravan  which  comes  every  year  from 
Tombnctoo,  and  to  penetrate  into  thatt 
country,  which  has  hitherto  been  inacces¬ 
sible  to  Europeans ;  but  some  trouble* 
which  broke  out  in  that  part,  of  the  world, 
hindered  the  arrival  of  this  caravan  for  a 
whole  year.  Aided  by  his  Mussulman. 
Costume,  and  his  perfect  knowledge  of 
the  Arabic  and  Turkish  languages,  Mr, 
Burkhard  had  made  a  great  number  of 
new  and  important  discoveries,  which  the 
English  Association  will  probably  .pub¬ 
lish.  At  length  this  caravan,  which  had 
been  so  long  and  impatiently  expected, 
arrived;  but  before  he  could  depart  with 
it,  Mr.  Burkhard  sunk  under  the  disor¬ 
der,  and  his  death  has  destroyed  the  most 
flattering  hopes.  His  distance  from  his 
own  country  had  not  lessened  his  attach¬ 
ment  to  it;  in  the  course  of  last  winter, 
he  sent  a  bill  of  exchange  for  a  consider¬ 
able  sum  for  the  relief  of  the  poor. 

In  Newfoundland,  Adm.  Pickmore,  com¬ 
mander  in  chief  on  that  station. 

On  his  passage  from  St.  Eustatia  to 
Boston,  in  a  fit  of  delirium,  during  which 
he  jumped  overboard*  and  was  drowned, 
Mr.  James  Allanson,  of  St.  Kitt’s,  and  of 
the  firm  of  Titherington  and  Allanson, 
of  Liverpool. 

At  Jamaica,  of  the  yellow  fever,  in  the 
bloom  of  life,  Mr.  Noble  Sherrard,  jun.  of 
Upper  Easton,  near  Bristol,  late  of  the 
East  India  Company’s  naval  service.  He 
was  a  most  promising  young  man. 


Obituary ;  with  Anecdotes  of  remarkable  Persons.  [July* 

and  late  of 


At 


91 


1818.]  Obituary ;  with  Anecdotes  of  remarkable  Persons . 


AtSavannah,  Lieut.  Keating,  of  Sir  Gre¬ 
gor  M'Gregor’s  army. 

On  his  passage  to  Ceylon,  the  Hon. 
Lieut,  col.  Erskine,  youngest  son  of  Lord 
Brskine.  He  served  throughout  the  cam¬ 
paigns  in  Spain  as  a  Captain  of  Light  In¬ 
fantry  in  the  51st  regiment,  and  behaved 
with  great  gallantry  in  the  battle  of  the 
Pyrenees,  v  here  being  shot  in  the  thigh, 
he  was  sent  home  by  the  Medical  Board, 
and  on  his  recovery  was  placed  by  the 
Duke  of  York  on  the  Staff  of  the  Army  in 
the  Adjutant  general’s  department  when 
the  Duke  of  Wellington  took  the  com¬ 
mand  in  Flanders.  He  was  in  the  battle 
of  the  16th  of  June,  and  afterwards  on  the 
I8th  at  the  battle  of  Waterloo,  where  his 
station  placed  him  in  the  dangerous  po¬ 
sition  of  being  at!endant  on  the  Duke, 
around  whom  almost  every  officer  was 
either  killed  or  wounded.  Among  the  rest 
this  brave  young  man  had  his  left  arm 
carried  off  by  a  cannon-ball,  which  pass¬ 
ing  along  the  other,  laid  bare  the  whole  of 
it,  by  which  be  lost  the  use  of  two  of  his 
fingers,  but  that  arm  was  saved.  When 
the  cannon-sbot  bad  thrown  him  from  his 
horse,  and  as  he  lay  bleeding  upon  the 
ground  in  this  mangled  condition,  the 
Prussian  musketry  and  trumpets  being 
heard  at  a  distance,  he  seized  his  hat 
with  his  remaining  shattered  aim,  and 
waving  it  round  him,  cheered  his  compa¬ 
nions  in  the  midst  of  the  dying  and  the 
dead,  the  Duke  of  Wellington  being  then 
close  by  him,  who  desired  he  might  be  car¬ 
ried  to  his  tent.  It  must  be  some  con¬ 
solation  to  his  afflicted  family,  that  he 
must  have  distinguished  himself  in  the  opi¬ 
nion  of  his  great  Commander,  as  he  was 
immediately  recommended  by  him  for  the 
rank  of  Major,  though  a  very  young  pf- 
ficer;  and  in  a  year  afterwards  to  the 
rank  of  Lieut. -colonel,  with  the  appoint¬ 
ment  of  Adjut.-general  in  Ceylon,  and  if 
he  had  then  fortunately  sailed  for  India  his 
life  might  probably  have  been  saved;  but 
his  disposition  being  as  affectionate  as  it 
was  animated,  he  could  not  be  persuaded 
to  leave  Mrs  Erskine,  who  was  pregnant; 
and  remaining  here  during  the  winter,  the 
cough,  wiih  consumptive  symptoms,  aris¬ 
ing  from  his  wound,  laid  too  deep  a  hold 
on  him  for  him  to  derive  benefit  from  the 
voyage,  and  he  died  on  his  passage  to 
India.  A  remark  of  his  regarding  the 
battle  of  Waterloo  is  memorable — ■“  No¬ 
thing,”  he  said,  “  but  English  officers 
and  soldiers  (by  which,  of  course,  he 
meant  those  of  the  United  Empire)  could 
possibly  have  fought  it  through  to  tri¬ 
umph  as  we  did  ;  nor  could  even  the  con¬ 
summate  skill  and  experience  of  the  Duke 
ef  Wellington  have  done  anything  at  all 
for  us,  had  it  not  been  combined  with  his 
matchless  intrepidity,  which  enabled  him 
to  distinguish  and  to  persevere  amidst  a 


scene  where  the  most  moral  courage,  with¬ 
out  such  a  fearless  constitution,  might 
have  suggested  a  different  course  to  the 
most  accomplished  officer  in  the  world,” 
Colonel  Erskine  was  only  25  years  of  age, 
and  has  left  three  sons  and  a  daughter, 
and  an  infant  of  a  few  months  old. 

At  Vizagapatam,  near  Madras,  Lieut. 
S.  Rolleston,  son  of  Stephen  Rolleston, 
esq.  of  Parliament-street. 

On  board  the  Larkins  East  Indiamaa 
(two  days  afier  passing  the  Cape  of  Good 
Hope)  Lieut.. col.  De  Morgan,  of  the  Ma¬ 
dras  Establishment. 

On  board  the  Thomas  Granville  East 
Indiaman,  on  her  passage  from  the  Cape 
to  Calcutta,  Joseph,  second  son  of  E.  J. 
Collett,  esq.  of  Southwark,  M.  P. 

In  India,  in  his  22d  year,  Capt.  Henry 
Fitzclarence,  second  son  of  the  Duke  of 
Clarence.  He  was  a  young  man  of  un¬ 
common  energy  of  character,  and  was 
about  to  return  to  England,  to  be  employ¬ 
ed  in  the  diplomatic  line,  for  which  he  was 
well  qualified. 

In  India,  Lieut.-gen.  Pater,  of  the  East 
India  Company’s  service,  an  officer  who 
had  served  with  distinguished  credit  in  all 
the  wars  under  Sir  Eyre  Coote,  and  in 
many  of  the  more  recent  actions  fought 
by  the  Madras  Army.'  At  one  period,  he 
commanded  the  army  in  chief  on  the  coast 
of  Coromandel. 

At  Lucknow,  East  Indies,  Mrs.  A.  Horne. 

At  Camp  Pattoon,  East  Indies,  Mr. 
George  Morris,  veterinary  surgeon  of 
the  25th  light  dragoons  on  the  Madras 
Establishment. 

Drowned  near  Negapatatn,  aged  23, 
Mr.  S.  Olivarius,  son  of  the  late  Resident 
and  Master-attendant  at  Tranquebar. 

July  1.  In  John-street,  Bedford-row, 
in  his  68th  year,  John  Shaddick,  esq.  one 
of  the  sworn  officers  of  the  High  Court 
of  Chancery. 

July  2.  In  Orchard -street,  Portman- 
square,  Dorothy  Lady  /ilmer,  relict  of  Sir 
J.  Fiimer,  bai  t,  of  East  Sutton,  Kent,  and 
sister  of  the  late  W.  Deedes,  esq.  of  St. 
Stephen’s,  near  Canterbury,  and  Hythe, 
Kent. 

C.  Brydges  Woodcock,  esq.  formerly 
of  Brentford. 

At  Whitchurch,  Shropshire,  in  his  G5th 
year,  Rev.  David  Jenks,  rector  of  Aldbury, 
co.  Hertford. 

At  Shrewsbury,  John  Lyon,  esq. 

July  3.  At  Bath,  Mrs.  Mary  Anne 
Cleaver,  of  King-street,  Queen-square. 

July  4.  Charles  James,  esq.  of  Upper 
Wimpole-street,  and  New  Inn. 

At  Bristol,  Mrs.  Judith  Bazin,  formerly 
of  Jersey. 

At  his  father’s,  at  Ashley  Cottage,  aged 
36,  Rev.  John  Thresher  Sangar,  A.M.  late 
fellow  of  Oriel  College,  Oxford,  and  curate 
of  St,  Werburgh’s,  Bristol.  In  him  a 

highly 


92 


Obituary ;  with  Anecdotes  of  remarkable  Persons.  [July, 


highly  cultivated  taste,  and  the  soundest 
learning,  were  united  to  a  fine  understand¬ 
ing,  and  a  sweet  and  social  disposition  ; 
and  the  whole  of  his  talents  were  ennobled 
and  sanctified  by  the  most  genuine  and 
fervent  piety.  The  zeal  and  ability  with 
which  he  discharged  his  ministerial  duties 
will  be  long  lemembered  by  his  numerous 
friends  and  parishioners,  who,  while  they 
, deeply  lament  that  their  beloved  Pastor 
w'as  by  the  mysterious  dispensation  of  an 
unerring  Providence  cut  off  in  the  midst 
of  his  years,  will  do  well  to  recollect  the 
words  of  the  Apocryphal  book  of  Wisdom  : 

Honourable  age  is  not  that  which  stand- 
eth  in  length  of  time,  nor  that  is  measured 
by  number  of  days  ;  but  wisdom  is  the 
grey  hair  unto  men,  and  an  unspotted  life 
is  old  3ge.,, 

At  Tenby,  the  wife  of  Dr.  Felix,  of  Bris¬ 
tol.  To  those  who  were  not  acquainted 
with  her,  this  simple  announcement  con¬ 
veys  all  that  can  interest  them  to  know ; 
and  those  who  were,  know  too  well  the 
insufficiency  of  language  to  express  their 
loss. 

July  5.  Miss  Henrietta  Cullen  Brown, 
second  surviving  daughter  of  John  Brown, 
Mi  D.  author  of  “  The  Elements  of  Me¬ 
dicine.” 

At  Wimbledon,  the  wife  of  William 
Douglas,  esq.  of  Sloane-street. 

July  G.  In  Upper  Berkeley-street,  Rt. 
Hon.  Lady  Elizabeth  Richardson,  wife  of 
F.  Richardson,  esq.  Madras  civil  seivice, 
and  youngest  daughter  of  the  late  Earl 
of  Winterton. 

At  Maidenhead  Bridge,  Lady  Pocock, 
widow  of  the  late  Sir  Isaac  Pocock. 

July  7.  Aged  29,  Jane,  wife  of  John 
Lane,  esq.  of  Goldsmiths’  Hall. 

At  Edmonton,  Mr.  Isaac  Le  Mesurier. 

In  the  prime  of  life,  Miss  Pinnock,  of 
Salisbury,  eldest  daughter  of  the  late 
James  Pinnock,  esq.  of  Winchester.  This 
lady  was  on  a  visit  at  the  house  of  C. 
Wooldridge,  esq.  solicitor ;  and  on  returning 
from  a  ride  with  Mrs.  Wooldridge,  in  her 
phaeton,  the  horse  suddenly  became  res¬ 
tive,  when  she  was  thrown  from  her  seat 
with  such  violence  that  she  received  a  se¬ 
vere  concussion  on  the  brain,  which  caused 
her  almost  immediate  death. 

At  Sunning  Hill,  Berks,  Lady  Lindsay, 
widow  of  Gen.  Sir  David  Lindsay,  bart. 

In  her  34th  year,  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Wil¬ 
liam  Wilcox,  esq.  of  AVolverton,  co.  War¬ 
wick.  Mrs.  W.  who  but  a  short  time  pre¬ 
vious  to  her  dissolution  appeared  in  good 
health,  was  suddenly  attacked  with  spasms 
in  her  stomach,  and  expired  before  medical 
aid  could  be  afforded  her. 

At  Teignmoutb,  Mary,  relict  of  the  late 
John  Smith,  esq.  of  Summer  Castle,  co. 
'Lancaster.  s 

July  8.  At  John  Hodgson’s,  esq.  Red 
Lion-square,  Sarah  Maria,  wife  of  Rev. 


Richard  Worthington,  of  Swindon,  near 
Cheltenham. 

In  her  47th  year,  Anne,  wife  of  Richard 
Peake,  e-q.  treasurer  of  Drury  -  lane 
theatre. 

July  9.  In  Upper  Gower-street,  Mrs. 
Drummond,  relict  of  the  late  George 
Drummond,  esq. 

In  Tavistock-street,  Bloomsbury,  aged 
51,  Alexander  Forbes  Gaskill,  esq.  of 
Gray’s  inn. 

Aged  43,  John  Sprot,  esq.  of  Clapham 
Common. 

At  Lamplighters’  Hall,  in  his  25th  year, 
Philip,  only  son  of  Mr.  Philip  Weeks,  of 
Sbirehampton,  long  known  and  respected 
on  the  boards  of  the  Bristol  and  Bath  thea¬ 
tres.  The  brilliant  virtues  of  this  youth 
could  be  equalled  only  by  the  patience  ancj 
fortitude  with  which  he  bote  a  most  severe 
illness.  Short  was  his  journey  through 
this  life,  and  though  chequered  as  it  was 
wi'h  many  difficulties  and  disappoint¬ 
ments,  liis  c  haracter  was  uniformly  marked 
by  a  conduct  inflexibly  honourable,  and  a 
disposition  remarkable  for  its  unassuming 
suavity  and  meekness. 

July  10.  In  Walbrook,  in  his  69th 
year,  Francis  Alven,  esq. 

At  Slade  House,  near  Kingsbridge,  co, 
Devon,  Samuel  Holditch  Hayne,  esq. 

At  Ovem  Hill,  near  Bristol,  Joseph  Ma¬ 
son  Cox,  M.  D.  keeper  of  an  asylum  for 
lunaticks  at  Fishponds,  near  Bristol.  His 
amiable  manners,  the  accomplishments  of 
his  mind,  and  the  numerous  Christian  vir¬ 
tues  which  adorned  his  character  through 
life,  and  supported  him  in  a  long  and  pain¬ 
ful  illness,  endeared  him  to  a  large  circle 
of  friends,  by  whom  his  loss  is  deeply  and 
deservedly  regretted.  He  published  “  Prac¬ 
tical  Observations  on  Insanity,”  1801,  Bvo. 

At  Coalmine,  Alexander  Kirkpatrick, 
esq.  alderman  of  Dublin  City.  Twelve 
children,  six  sons  and  six  daughters,  sur¬ 
vive  him. 

July  11.  In  her  36th  year,  Anne  Fre¬ 
derica,  fourth  daughter  of  Rev.  C.  Jeffryes 
Cottrell,  rector  of  Hadley,  Middlesex. 

At  Bristol  Hotwells,Miss  Langton,  eldest 
daughter  of  W,  Gore  Langton,  esq.  M.  P. 
colonel  of  the  Oxford  militia  ;  a  lady  of 
most  amiable  and  accomplished  manners  ; 
but  so  retired  were  her  habits,  and  so  diffi¬ 
dent  was  she  of  her  own  merits,  that  stu¬ 
diously  avoiding  the  painful  gaze  of  pub¬ 
lic  notice,  she  in  retirement  pursued  “  the 
noiseless  tenor  of  her  way,”  where  her  phi¬ 
lanthropic  benevolence  flowed  in  a  deep 
and  extended,  though  a  silent  channel. 

July  12.  At  Oxford,  Anne,  wife  of  Mr. 
John  Bennett,  sub  -  treasurer  of  Christ 
Church. 

At  Edinburgh,  the  wife  of  William  Mac¬ 
kenzie,  esq.  W.  S. 

July  13.  John  Wear,  esq.  barrister-at- 
law,  and  a  bencher  of  Gray’s  Inn. 


At 


93 


1818.]  Obituary  ;  with  Anecdotes.—- Rt.  lion .  G.  Rose. 


At  the  hotel,  Leamington  Spa,  Matthew 
Reid,  esq.  of  Leicester,  brother  of  Dr. 
Reid,  of  Greviiie-street.  He  was  struck 
with  apoplexy  soon  after  dinner,  and  al¬ 
most  immediately  expired. 

In  his  81st  year,  Mr.  Richard  Beatniffe, 
many  years  an  eminent  bookseller  at  Nor¬ 
wich,  but  lately  retired.  He  first  published 
a  catalogue  in  1779;  his  last  appeared  in 
1803,  except  an  Appendix  in  1808  ;  but  no 
particular  libraries  are  mentioned.  He  had, 
however,  some  valuable  books,  which  he 
knew  how  to  ask  a  good  price  for.  lie  had 
the  good  fortune  to  buy  the  principal  part  of 
the  valuable  collection  which  was  made  by 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Cox  Macro,  of  Barrow,  near 
Bury,  which  had  remained  undisposed  of, 
and  had  hardly  been  looked  into,  since  his 
death,  near  40  years  before.  This  treasure 
of  biack  letter,  early  printed,  and  valuable 
lore,  he  bought  for  150  or  160A  ;  and  the 
purchase  proved  tolerably  productive. 

July  14.  At  Leyton,  aged  22,  Eliza¬ 
beth,  eldest  daughter  of  Isaac  Solly,  esq. 


July  15.  At  Tonbridge  Wells,  Mary 
Harriet,  wife  of  William  Cotton,  esq. 
of  Upper  Berkeley  -  street,  Portman  - 
square. 

July  21.  At  Reading,  in  his  83d  year, 
Mr.  Richard  Fisher,  formerly  an  eminent 
haberdasher  in  Fieet-sireet,  and  late  of 
the  Strand  ;  who  for  upwards  of  60  years 
transacted  business  with  an  exactness  pe¬ 
culiar  to  himself,  and  by  his  own  example 
gave  the  best  lesson  to  those  about  him  : 
punctuality,  probity,  and  civilby  were 
ever  seen  in  all  his  dealings,  and  by  which 
he  commenced,  acquired,  and  maintained 
his  high  repute  as  a  tradesman  ;  respect¬ 
ful  and  polite  to  those  above  him,  kindly 
affectionate  to  those  below  him,  and  strict¬ 
ly  just  to  all.  His  whole  life  was  uni¬ 
formly  engaged  in  the  exercise  of  the  most 
benevolent  acts,  characterized  by  a  lively 
feeling  and  an  exact  performance  of  hi>- 
duty  as  a  Christian,  a  disinterested  friend, 
and  a  good  man. 


ADDITIONS  TO  OBITUARY. 


Part  I.  p.  82.  The  Rt.  Hon.  Geo.  Rose. 
As  an  old  and  respected  inhabitant  of  this 
county  (says  the  Hampshire  Paper)  we  are 
called  upon  to  speak  of  him  as  a  private 
man.  The  lists  of  subscribers  to  the  patriotic 
and  charitable  institutions  of  the  county, 
are  the  best  proofs  of  his  benevolence, 
which  prompted  him  to  be  always  ready  to 
contribute  to  them  ;  and  his  unostentatious 
and  unobtrusive  interference  wherever  he 
could  be  useful,  proved  the  urbanity  of  his 
manners.  As  a  private  friend  he  was 
steady  and  sincere,  and  whilst  he  was  re¬ 
markable  for  never  making  promises  or 
even  holding  out  expectations  that  he  did 
not  know  he  could  realize,  he  was  ever 
ready  to  assist  his  friends  when  fair  oppor¬ 
tunities  offered.  This  is  a  tribute  due  to 
him  from  one  who  knew  him  well,  and  from 
his  early  residence  in  the  county.  Of  his  pub¬ 
lic  acts  we  shall  only  notice,  that  he  was  a 
great  promoter  of  the  fisheries,  which  give 
employment,  food,  and  wealth  to  the  king¬ 
dom,  He  was  the  patron  of  Friendly  So¬ 
cieties,  and,  as  such,  brought  in  several 
bills  to  protect  and  render  them  perma¬ 
nent  ;  and,  grafted  on  them, he  encouraged 
the  institution  of  Saving  Banks;  and,  as 
Treasurer  of  the  Navy,  he  introduced  such 
wholesome  regulations  as  effectually  pro¬ 
tected  seamen  from  the  rapacity  and  frauds 
of  navy  agents,  to  which  they  had  been 
long  subjected.  In  short,  his  whole  life 
was  active,  laborious,  and  useful,  and  his 
death  will  consequently  be  felt  and  regret¬ 
ted. — On  the  25th  Jan.  the  Rev.  F.  Comp¬ 
ton  delivered  a  suitable  discourse  at  Lynd- 
hurst  Church,  on  the  death  of  Mr.  Rose,  to 
an  attentive  audience,  at  the  close  of  which 


he  delivered  a  written  paper  to  the  clerk, 
and  left  the  Church.  The  clerk  then 
read  aloud  that,  from  a  codicil  in  the  de¬ 
ceased’s  will,  every  male  person  then  pre¬ 
sent  was  entitled  to  ten  shillings,  provided 
it  was  thought  worth  acceptance.  —  The. 
will  of  Mr.  Rose  has  been  proved  in  Doc¬ 
tors’  Commons  by  his  son  George  Henry 
Rose,  one  of  the  executors.  It  principally 
consists  in  providing  for  his  wife  and  chil¬ 
dren  ;  in  it  he  mentions  having  secured 
the  reversion  (after  his  death)  of  the  sit*a- 
tion  of  Clerk  of  the  Parliament  held  by  him,, 
to  his  eldest  son  George  Henry ;  also  the 
valuable  place  of  Reading  Clerk,  and  Clerk 
of  the  Committees  of  the  House  of  Lords* 
and  the  succession  of  Assistant  Clerk,  upon 
the  death  of  himself  and  his  eldest  son,  for 
the  benefit  of  his  youngest  son,  William 
Stewart  Rose.  Amongst  other  bequests, 
in  one  of  the  codicils  are  the  following  ; 
“  To  my  eldest  grandson,  George  Pitt 
Rose,  my  enamelled  repeating  watch,  set 
with  brilliants  ;  and  a  walking-cane  which 
belonged  to  his  godfather,  the  late  incom¬ 
parable  Right  Hon.  William  Pitt,  whose 
memory  wiil  always  be  dear  to  me  so  long 
as  my  own  endures  —  it  has  the  crest  of 
that  great  man  set  in  gold  in  the  head  of  it.” 
—  “To  my  grandson,  Hugh  Rose,  my 
steel  mounted  .sword,  which  was  presented 
to  me  by  the  manufacturers  of  Birming¬ 
ham,  as  a  token  of  their  rega  rd.” — “  To 
my  grandson,  William  Rose,  agoid-headed 
cane,  which  was  presented  by  King  Wil¬ 
liam  to  the  grandfather  of  my  late  invalu¬ 
able  friend,  the  last  Earl  of  Marchmont.” 
-—“To  every  male  inhabitant  resident  with¬ 
in  the  manor  of  Burgh  Christchurch  and 

Lyndhur*t, 


94-  Additions  to  Obituary 

Lyndhurst,  co.  Southampton,  who  shall  be 
poor  enough  to  accept  the  same,  and  who 
shall  attend  divine  service  at  their  respec¬ 
tive  Churches'  (except  they  are  prevented 
through  illness)  on  the-  Sunday  after  my 
funeral,  the  sum  of  ten  shillings  each.”— 
In  speaking  of  himself,  he  says,  “  Fortu¬ 
nate,  greatly  fortunate  as  I  have  been  in 
this  life,  yet  there  is  no  part  of  good  for¬ 
tune  on  which  I  set  so  inestimable  a  value, 
as  the  qualities  of  those  on  whom  my  hap¬ 
piness  depended.  My  children  have  been 
a  blessing  to  me  during  a  long  series  of 
years,  such  as  seldom  occurs,  and  never 
caused  me  one  hour’s  pain.”  — He  ap¬ 
points  his  wife  and  two  sons  executors. 
His  personal  property  sworn  to  i3  under 
36,000/. 

P.  82.  Lord  Gaisin  gharri's  Will  was 
proved  by  George  Lord  Walsingbam,  the 
son,  and  Edward  Boodle,  esq.  executors  ; 
and  the  personal  property  sworn  under 
200,000/.  the  stamp  duty  on  which  is 
2,70 01.  The  Will  is  principally  confined 
to  family  connexions,  with  the  exception 
of  some  pecuniary  legacies  to  his  friends, 
including  one  of  100  guineas  to  his  very 
intimate  friend,  Lord  Eldon.  He  lays  a 
strict  injunction  on  his  sons,  or  into  whose 
hands  the  same  may  fall,  not  to  publish 
any  of  his  manuscripts,  memoranda,  or 
papers  of  office  whatever. 

P.  187.  a.  The  Marquis  of  Abercorn, 
who  was  the  only  son  of  the  Hon.  John 
Hamilton,  second  son  of  the  7 1 h  Earl  of 
Abercorn,  by  Harriet,  natural  daughter 
of  James  Craggs,  Secretary  of  State  to 
George  I.  was  born  in  1750,  and  succeed¬ 
ed  his  uncle  James  the  6th  Earl  in  1789. 
He  married,  in  1779,  Catherine,  daughter 


- Meteorological  Diary .  [July, 

of  Sir  John  Copley,  hart.  By  this  lady, 
who  died  in  1791,  he  had  two  sons,  James, 
viscount  Hamilton,  and  Claude,  both  de¬ 
ceased,  and  three  daughters,  only  one  of 
whom,  Maria,  survives  him.  In  1792  the 
Marquis  took  for  his  seeontl  wife,  his 
first  cousin,  Lady  Cecd  Hamilton,  eighth 
daughter  of  the  Hon.  and  Rev.  George  Ha¬ 
milton,  to  whom  his  Majesty  gt anted  the 
precedence  of  an  Earl’s  daughter.  This 
union  was  dissolved  by  Act  of  Parliament 
in  1798,  in  consequence  of  an  intrigue 
between  the  Marchioness  and  Captain 
(now  Sir  Joseph)  Copley,  brother  to  the 
first  wife  of  the  Marquis.  In  1800  he 
married,  thirdly,  Lady  Anne  Hatton,  el¬ 
dest  daughter  of  the  second  Earl  of  Arran, 
and  widow  of  Henry  Hatton,  esq.  of  Great 
Clonard,  Wexford. 

P.  188.  The  Will  of  Sir  Richard  Croft , 
bait,  was  proved  in  Doctors  Commons, 
by  the  relict,  Dr.  Baillie,  and  John  Den¬ 
man,  esq.  the  executors.  The  personal 
property  was  sworn  under  16,000/.  A 
freehold  estate  at  Somerford  Keynes,  co. 
Wilts,  is  devised  to  his  eldest  son,  Thomas 
Ehnsley  Croft,  and  heirs  male,  with  the 
usual  remainders. 

P.  640.  Prince  Barclay  de  Tolly  was 
the  son  of  a  Lutheran  village  Curate  in 
Livonia.  He  served  from  the  lowest  rank, 
and  received  almost  all  his  promotions  up¬ 
on  the  field  of  battle.  In  1307,  be  com¬ 
manded  in  the  battles  of  Pultulsk  and  Ey- 
lau.  Some  years  after  he  conquered  Fin¬ 
land.  The  battle  of  Leipsic  gained  him 
the  title  of  Count.  He  received  the  rank 
of  Field  Matshal  after  his  entrance  into 
Paris  ;  and  was  raised  to  the  dignity  of 
Prince  in- 18 15. 


Meteorological  Table  for  July,  1818.  By  W.  Cary,  Strand. 


Height  of  .Fahrenheit’s  Thermometer. 


Day  of 
Month. 

8  o’ clod 
Morning 

Noon. 

o 

o 

-C 

.1? 

Barom. 
in.  pts. 

Weather 
July  1818, 

June 

27 

O 

68 

O 

84 

o 

68 

29,  75 

fair 

28 

66 

74 

76 

62 

,92 

showery 

29 

66 

68 

30,  18 

fair 

30 

65 

80 

66 

,19 

fair 

JyA 

66 

80 

65 

,10 

fair 

2 

60 

71 

57 

,03 

fair 

3 

60 

75 

60 

,10 

fair 

4 

61 

76 

60 

,04 

fair 

5 

66 

77 

66 

,01 

fair 

6 

66 

78 

64 

,03 

fair 

7 

68 

75 

64 

29,  90 

fair 

8 

64 

76 

59 

,94 

fair 

9 

60 

75 

66 

30,  00 

fair 

10 

67 

72 

60 

,01 

cloudy  [night 
fair  j  raiu  at 

U 

i 

67 

76 

66 

29,85 

Height  of  Fahrenheit’s  Thermometer. 


Day  of 
Month. 

8  o’clock 
Morning. 

Noon. 

1 1  o’clo. 
Night. 

Barom. 
in.  pts. 

]  Weather 
July  1818. 

July 

O 

O 

O 

12 

60 

74 

64 

29,  75 

fair 

13 

66 

76 

64 

,  96 

fair 

14 

67 

78 

71- 

30,  17 

fair 

15 

67 

79 

66 

,27 

fair 

16 

68 

85 

72) 

,16 

fair 

17 

68 

76 

66 

,10 

fair 

18 

67 

76 

64 

,04 

fair 

19 

69 

80 

64 

29,90 

fair 

20 

66 

76 

64 

,91 

fair 

21 

66 

75 

66 

,91 

clq^dy 

22 

67 

76 

68 

30,  00 

r  *  * 

fair 

23 

68 

82 

76 

,01 

fair  [atnight 

24 

76 

87 

72 

29,79 

fair;  withth. 

25 

70 

80 

66 

,80 

fair 

26 

67 

80 

68 

,80 

fair 

[•  95  .  ] 


BILL  OF 


Christened. 
Males  - 
Females 


■  1224  K 
-  1077  \  ‘ 


2301 


Buried. 
Males  -  813  ? 
Females  836  £ 


1649 


Whereof  have  died  under  2  years  old  516 


Salt  c£l.  per  bushel ;  4 %d.  per  pound. 


June  23, 

to 

July  28, 

1818 

• 

2 

and 

5 

139 

50 

and 

60 

148 

c  | 

5 

and 

10 

65 

60 

and 

70 

128 

|  io 

and 

20 

58 

70 

and 

80 

109 

j? 

!  20 

and 

30 

119 

80 

and 

90 

49 

W 

1  30 

and 

40 

150 

90’ 

and 

100 

5 

1 

Lao 

and 

50 

163 

AVERAGE  PRICES  of  CORN,  from  the  Returns  ending  July  20. 


Wheat 

Rye 

Barly 

Oats 

Beans 

Wheat  Rye 

Barly 

Oats 

Beans 

s. 

d 

s. 

d 

s. 

d. 

s. 

d. 

s. 

d. 

S. 

d. 

►s. 

a. 

s. 

d. 

s. 

d. 

s. 

d. 

Middlesex 

90 

5 

44 

0 

50 

1 

41 

8 

60 

1  1 

Essex 

76 

9 

41 

6 

48- 

3 

37 

3 

54 

9 

Surrey 

87 

4 

50 

0 

52 

0 

11 

0 

58 

6 

Kent 

85 

5 

00 

0 

45 

2 

39 

2 

56 

10 

Hertford 

82 

8 

48 

0 

50 

6 

35 

6 

51 

0 

Sussex 

80 

9 

00 

0 

00 

0 

42 

3 

66 

0 

Bedford 

83 

1 

50 

6 

47 

0 

33 

3 

57 

0 

Suffolk 

84 

4 

45 

0 

53 

2 

32 

0 

51 

7 

Huntingdon  80 

9 

00 

0 

'46 

0 

31 

6 

55 

3 

Carnb. 

80 

3 

00 

0 

36 

4 

23 

4 

52 

3 

North  amp. 

87 

1 1 

00 

0 

54 

3 

34 

9 

69 

6 

Norfolk 

82 

0 

50 

0 

48 

4 

38 

3 

58 

6 

Rutland 

84 

6 

00 

0 

57 

6 

36 

0 

54 

0 

Lincoln 

86 

2 

54 

0 

54 

5 

34 

7, 

59 

5 

Leicester 

89 

4 

56 

>  0 

52 

3 

36 

8 

64 

4 

York 

81 

8 

58 

8 

46 

9 

33 

3 

62 

0 

Nottingham  87 

8 

54 

0 

57 

0 

39 

5 

67 

4 

Durham 

84 

11 

00 

0 

00 

0 

37 

7 

GO 

0 

Derby 

84 

8 

00 

0 

oo 

0 

36 

2 

69 

4 

Northern. 

*70 

7 

49 

6 

45 

6 

34 

4 

00 

0 

Stafford 

93 

0 

00 

0 

53 

1 

38 

10 

70 

2 

Cumberl. 

89 

8 

61 

4 

55 

2 

33 

10 

00 

0 

Salop 

102 

2 

62 

2 

00 

0 

39 

8 

77 

2 

Westmor. 

93 

9 

68 

0 

70- 

0 

38 

8 

00 

0 

Hereford 

101 

4 

57 

6 

51 

2 

42 

3 

•68 

5 

Lancaster 

86 

3 

09 

0 

00 

0 

34 

5 

50 

0 

Worcester 

92 

5 

00 

0 

56 

4 

40 

8 

61 

8 

Chester 

89 

2 

00 

0 

00 

0 

00 

0 

00 

0 

Warwick 

83 

6 

00 

0 

49 

9 

39 

9 

67 

1 

Flint 

80 

3 

00 

0 

56 

0 

32 

6 

00 

0 

Wilts 

80 

8 

00 

0 

43 

10 

38 

4 

69 

0 

Denbigh 

S5 

11 

00 

0 

55 

2 

32 

10 

00 

.0 

Berks 

92- 

4 

00 

0 

51 

1 

43 

0 

70 

2 

Anglesea 

74 

0 

00 

0, 

44 

0 

28 

6  00 

0 

Oxford 

84 

T I 

00 

0 

52 

4 

42 

11 

65 

9 

Carnarvon 

88 

4 

00 

0 

48 

0 

34 

8  00 

O' 

Bucks 

80- 

3 

00 

0 

47 

6 

39 

2 

62 

7 

Merioneth  92 

2 

60 

6 

54 

6 

34 

11  00 

0 

Brecon 

110 

4 

00 

0 

67 

0 

00 

0 

00 

0 

Cardigan 

92 

0 

00 

0 

48 

0 

24 

0  00 

O' 

Montgom. 

101 

10 

00 

0 

59 

2 

48 

0 

00 

0 

Pembroke 

84 

1 

00 

0 

52 

9 

00 

0  00 

0 

Radnor 

107 

5 

00 

0 

56 

6 

41 

10 

00 

0 

Carmafth. 

93- 

10 

00 

0 

56 

0 

28 

000 

0 

Glamorgan  9 1 

8 

00 

0 

50 

0 

33 

400 

0 

Average  of  England  and  Wales,  per  quarter. 

Gloucester  85 

4 

00 

0 

57 

4 

43 

1 

78 

(} 

87 

8p3 

6[5l 

7  [36 

4[62 

c 

Somerset 

94 

4 

00 

0 

52 

0 

35 

4  48 

0 

Monm. 

98 

10 

00 

0 

51 

2 

38 

8  00 

0 

Average  of  Scotland,  per  quarter. 

Devon. 

91 

6 

00 

0 

44 

7 

32 

1000 

0 

67 

8.59 

Ii42  10[29 

9[50 

6 

Cornwall 

82 

10 

00 

0 

49 

4 

30 

0  00 

0 

Dorset 

82 

4 

00 

0 

45 

1 

34 

9  00 

0 

Hants 

81 

6 

00 

0 

54 

0 

34 

0  67 

n 

PRICE  OF  FLOUR,  per  Sack,  July  27,  70*.  to  7 5s. 
OATMEAL,  per  Boll  of  1401bs.  Avoirdupois,  July  18,  37s  Gd. 
AVERAGE  PRICE  of  SUGAR,  July  22,  51s.  llfrf.  per  cwt, 
PRICE  OF  HOPS,  IN  THE  BOROUGH  MARKET,  July  27 


Kent  Bags . 

0s. 

to 

18/. 

0s. 

Sussex  Pockets  ... 

....18/. 

0s. 

to  20/. 

Os, 

Sussex  Ditto  .. 

0*. 

to 

17/. 

0s. 

Essex  Ditto . . 

....  01. 

0s. 

to  01. 

Or. 

Kent  Pockets  . 

. ...19/. 

0*. 

to 

21/. 

0s. 

Farnham  Ditto.... 

....20/. 

0s. 

to  24/. 

Ox. 

AVERAGE  PRICE  OF  HAY  AND  STRAW,  July  27  : 

St.  James’s,  Hay  7 /.  15s.  0 d.  Straw  31.  3s.  0 d.  Clover  01.  Os.  Od.-- -Whitechapel,  Hay  7/.  Os, 
Straw2/.  15s.  Gd.  C!over7 /.  14s.---Smitbfi.eld,  Hay  7/.  7s.  Straw  21.  9s.  Gd.  Clover8/.  5s.  0 d. 

SMITHFIELD,  July  27.  To  sink  the  Offal— per  stone  of  8'bs. 

Lamb...< . . . 5s.  4 d.  to  7s.  Od . 

Head  of  Cattle  at  Market  July  27  : 

,  Beasts.., . 2,110.  Calves  320. 

Sheep  and  Lambs  19,900  Pigs  230. 


Beef. . 

Od. 

to 

4s. 

8tf. 

Mutton . 

4  d. 

to 

5s. 

Orf. 

Veal . . 

Ad. 

to 

5s. 

Od. 

Pork . 

Ad. 

to 

5s. 

Ad. 

COALS,  July  27  s  Newcastle  35s.  to  44s.  Od.  Sunderland  33s.  to  57 s. 
TALLOW,  per  Stone,  81b.  St.  James’s  4s.  10J.  Clare  Market  0s.  Od.  Whitechapel  4s.  91. 
SOAP,  Yellow  104s.  Mottled  116s.  Curd  120s. — CANDLES,  13s,  6d.  per  Doz.  Moulds  1 5s. 


[  96  ]' 

THE  AVERAGE  PRICES  of  Navigable  Canal  Shares  and  other  Property,  in 
July,  1818,  (to  the  25th),  at  the  Office  of  Mr.  Scott,  28,  New  Bridge  street,  London. — 
Monmouthshire,  130/.  ex  Div.  4/.  Half-Year.  —  Grand  Junction,  231/.  ex  Div.  4/. 
ditto.  —  Old  Union,  90/.  —  Gloucester  and  Berkeley,  70/.  —  Grand  Union,  30/. — 
Rochdale,  47/.  10s.  ex  Div.  1/.  Half  year.  —  Kennel  and  Avon,  23/.  —  Thames  and 
Medway,  31/.  —  Severn  and  Wye  Railway,  30/.  — West  India  Dock,  202/.  Div.  10/. 
per  annum.  —  London  Dock,  80/.  Div.  3/.  —  East  Country,  20/.  —  Royal  Exchange 
Assurance,  260/.  ex  Div.  51.  Half  Year,  and  Bonus,  5/. — Globe  Ditto,  130/. — Im¬ 
perial  Ditto,  90/.  —  East  London  Water  Works,  90/.  Div.  31.  per  annum.  —  West 
Middlesex,  52/.  —  Grand  Junction  Ditto,  52/.  —  Original  Gas  Light,  7 51  — New  Ditto, 
24/.  Premium.  —  Carnatic  Stock,  Second  Class,  68/.  ex  Div.  It.  10s.  Half-Year. 


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Piloted  by  Nichols,  Son,  and  Bentley,  Red  Lion  Passage,  Fleet  Street,  London. 


EACH  DAY’S  PRICE  OF  STOCKS  IN  JULY,  1818. 


o 

o 


THE 


GENTLEMAN’S  MAGAZINE 


London  Gazette 
General  Evening 
Times-M.  Advert. 

N.Times—B.  Press 
P. Ledger  ^"Oracle 
M.Post-M.  Herald 
Morning  Chronic. 

St.  James’s  Chron. 

Sun — Even.  Mail 
Courier — Star 
Globe — Traveller 
Statesman 
Packet-Lond.Chr. 

Albion— C.  Chron. 

Eng.  Chron.— Inq. 

Cour.d’Angleterre 
Cour.  de  Londres 
1 1  Weekly  Papers 
1 17  Sunday  Papers 
S  Hue  &  Crv  Police 
{ Lit.  Adv.-Lit. Gaz. 

Bath  3 — Bristol  5 
Berwick — Boston 
Birmiu.  3,Blackb. 

Brighton — Bury 
Camb. — Chath. 

J  Carli.2 —  Chester  2 
iChelms.  Cambria. 

Cornw.-Covent.  2 

JDat£ceTCanmt£  Com&jon&ence. 
Minor  Correspondence.  —  Questions,  &c.  9S 
Letter  of  Earl  of  Orford  to  Gen.  Churchill  99 
Essays  by  the  late  Mr.  Justice  Hardinge  ? .,.ib. 
Bp.  Trelawny.  —  Alexander  Cunningham.  100 
jH.Repton,  Esq. — Fragments  of  Literature  1 02 
Rev.  Mr.  Temple. — Durham  Cath.  School  104 
Account  of  Marston  Magna,  co.  Somerset  105 
|  Mr. Douglas  on  Roman  Remains  in  Sussex.108 
j  Memoirs  of  Rev.  Archibald  Maclaine,  DD.109 
iThe  Gypsy’s  Tomb  at  Caine  in  Wiltshire.  112 
Reach’s  Key  to  open  Scripture  Metaphors,  ib. 
Account  of  a  celebrated  Deer-hunter  ......1 13 

\ Compendium  of  CountyHist.  :  Middlesex114 

iOn  Written  Language . 1 19 

!  Family  of  Hull. — Mr.  T.  Wynn,  junior  ...1 21 
Gallantry  of  a  Lieutenant  in  East  Indies. .,123 

On  the  Treatment  of  Teachers,  &c . 124 

On  Calvinism,  Taste,  Exclusionists,  &C....126 
i  Deformity  no  obstacle  to  Romish  Priesthood  127 
Strictures  on  Mr.  Wakefield’s  “  Ireland”. ..ib. 

On  Vegetable  Diet..... . 128 

Superstitious  Coincidence. — Artificial  Rainl31 
Roman  Urns  discovered  at  Eye  in  Sussex  .132 
On  French  Character  and  Criticism — Mad. 
de  Stael  and  M.  de  Chateaubriand . 133 


AUGUST,  1818. 

CONTAINING 


Cumb.2-Doncast. 
Derb. — Dorchest. 
Durham  —  Essex 
Exeter  2,  Glouc.2 
Halifax-— Hants  2 
Hereford,  Hull  3 
Huntingd.-Kent4 
Ipswich  1 ,  Lancas. 
Leices.2— Leeds  2 
Lichfield,  Liver. 6 
M  acclesf.  Courier 
Maidst.  Manch.  6 
Newc.3. — Notts.  2 
Northampton 
Norfolk,  Norwich 
N.  Wales, Oxford2 
Ports  ea — Pottery 
Preston — Plym.  2 
Reading — Salisb. 
Salop — Sheffields 
Sherborne,  Sussex 
Shrewsbury 
Staff. — Stamf.  2 
Taunton — Tyne 
Wakefi. — Warw. 
Wolverh.  Wore.  2; 
York3.lRELAND37 
Scotland  24. 
Jersey2.Guern.  2 

CMiiefctJ  of  Btfo  publication^* 

Childe  Harold’s  Monitor,  &c . 137 

Genuine  Works  of  Wm.  Hogarth,  vol.  III.. 139 
Fassell’s  Journey  round  the  Coast  of  Kent. 140 
Rev.  R.  Warner’s  Letterto  Bp.ofGloucesterl43 
Beppo,  a  Venetian  Story;  by  Lord  Byronl44 
Natural  History.  —  Floods  in  Tyne,  &C....146 
Novels. — Swift’s  Translation  of  Juvenal.  ..147 
Brooke’s  Poems. — Sass’s  Journey  to  Romel49 
Plumptre’s  Sermon  on  Apparitions,  &c. s..,ib. 
M'William  on  the  Origin,  &c.  of  Dry  Rot. 150 

Popery  the  Religion  of  Heathenism . .152 

Urquhart  on  the  Evils  of  Impressment.. ..153 

Literary  Intelligence . 154 

Intelligence  relating  to  Arts  and  Sciences.  156 

Select  Poetry  . . 157 

bfi^torical  Chronicle. 

Proceedings  in  the  lateSession  of  Parliament  1 6 1 

Mr.  Canning’s  Speech  at  Liverpool . ,167 

Abstract  of  principal  Foreign  Oecurrences.169 
Intelligence  from  various  Parts  of  the  King¬ 
dom,  174. — London  and  its  Vicinity . 176 

Promotions,  &c. — Births,  and  Marriages  ...177 
Obituary,  with  Anec.  of  remarkable  Personsl79 
Meteorological  Diary  190;  Bill  of  MortalitylQ] 
Prices  ofthe  Markets,  191 — The  Stocks,  &.C.  192 


With  a  Perspective  View  of  the  Church  of  Marston  Magna,  co,  somerset ;  aud 
a  Representation  of  a  Debrhunter  in  his  proper  Costume. 


By  SYLVANUS  URBAN ,  Gent. 


Printed  by  Nichols,  Son,  and  Bentley,  at  Cicero’s  Head,  Red  Lion  Passage,  Fleet- str.  London, 
where  all  Letters  to  the  Editor  are  particularly  desired  to  be  addressed.  Post-paid, 


-  -  wrs't  *rr.Zft  S 


MINOR  CORRESPONDENCE. 


RiBlioman®,  writes,  f<  In  Note  6  to  a 
very  elegant  Poem  just  published,  called 
*  Religio  Clerici,’  the  ingenious  author 
cites  a  work  thus: — Speculum  Stultorum 
MS.  Hart.  2422.  1  once  saw  a  thin 

folio  in  the  German  language,  intituled 
Narren  Spiegel  :  possibly  the  book  so 
cited  is  a  translation  from  the  work  to 
which  I  allude.— -Your  Readers  would 
much  oblige  me,  if  they  would  have  the 
goodness  to  inform  me  how  I  may  get  a 
copy  either  of  Narren  Spiegel  or  of 
Speculum  Stultorum .” 

Lector,  having  read  Dr.  Carey’s  Latin 
verses  in  our  last,  p.  64,  Ad  Hero,  re¬ 
quests  to  be  informed  “  whether  it  was 
«o  intended,  or  whether  it  is  a  slip  of  the 
pen,  or  error  of  the  press,  for  Ad  Hero - 
nem,  as  he  finds  in  Ovid’s  Epistles  Le- 
ander  Heroni.” — “  Notwithstanding,” 
he  proceeds,  “  the  ancient  authorities 
Dr.  C.  has  quoted  for  making  Cui  two  syl¬ 
lables,  is  it  right  to  take  that  liberty  in  a 
short  epigram,  at  the  present  day,  and 
in  this  country,  where  it  is  generally 
pronounced  as  a  monosyllable  ?” 

W.  H.  says,  “  At  page  38  of  your  last 
Magazine  for  July  is  an  extract  from  the 
late  Dr.  Gosset’s  Catalogue,  in  which, 
by  a  strange  blunder,  a  Book  is  inserted 
under  the  name  of  J.  Cleland,  which  had 
no  business  there.  The  “  Attempt  to 
explain  the  words.  Reason,  Substance, 
Person,  Creeds,  &c.”  was  written  by 
Dr.  W.  Robertson  of  Wolverhampton,  of 
whom  a  Life,  with  his  portrait  annexed, 
is  to  be  found  in  Gent.  Mag.  for  1783.” 
— “  I  wish,”  he  continues,  “  ]  could 
give  Clericus  the  information  he  re¬ 
quires  of  the  difference  of  the  two  *  Es¬ 
says  for  a  new  translation  of  the  Bible,’ 
but  they  are  certainly  different  works, 
and  the  two  editions  of  the  English  Book 
are  in  the  Catalogue  of  the  British  Mu¬ 
seum.” 

We  are  much  obliged  to  Senior  Cle- 
Riccs  Anglicancs;  and  shall  be  glad  to 
renew  our  acquaintance.— The  Article 
now  received  shall  appear  in  our  next. 

We  have  no  recollection  of  the  “  Po¬ 
litical  Dream”  inquired  after  by  our 
Bath  Correspondent. 

A  Tyro  at  Elections  may  be  very 
correct;  but  the  Magazine  is  not  a  pro¬ 
per  Tribunal  for  such  Appeals. 

It  gives  us  concern  that  we  have  no 
means  of  forwarding  the  Packet  of  f‘  A 
Constant  Reader.”  The  only  mode  of 
sending  is  by  the  Foreign  Post,  which  is 
expensive,  and  the  letter  should  be  a 
single  sheet. 

The  silly  Hoax  of  our  Lancing  Corre¬ 
spondent  is  applied  to  the  only  use  it  me¬ 
rited. 

D.  G.  L.  says,  “  R.  C.  and  L  L.  D. 
seem  to  understand  one  another  very 


well,  but  what  becomes  of  the  original 
question? — If  the  Doctorate  in  Civil  Lato 
be  correctly  designated  by  LL  D. — Legis 
Legum  Doctor, — why  lay  that  mode  of 
distinguishing  Graduates  aside?  If  in¬ 
correctly,  how  happens  it  to  have  been 
continued  throughout  so  many  ages  ?” 

R.C.  says, A  correspondent, p.  388.  ob¬ 
serves  that  Dr.  Hallifax’s  “  explanation  of 
LL.D.  was  Legis  Legum  Doctor.”  T^he 
objection  to  this  is  that  the  letters, to  give 
that  seqse,  should  be  divided  “  L.  L.  D.” 
or  rather  “  L.  LL.  D.”  the  doubling  of  a 
letter  being  the  known  mode  of  express¬ 
ing  the  plural  number.  So  “  MS.”  is 
“  Manuscript,”  i(  MSS.”  is  “  Manu¬ 
scripts,”  “  Coss.”  is  “  Consules,” 
“  Decc.”  is  “  Decuriones,”  “  Csss. 
Augg.”  is  “  Caisares  Augusti,”  &c. 

Historicus  requests  of  our  Readers 
any  Biographical  Sketches  of  the  follow¬ 
ing  characters,  or  references  to  sources 
of  information. 

London  and  Wise ,  the  Royal  Gardeners 
and  Nurserymen.  Are  their  descend¬ 
ants  still  in  existence? 

Bridgeman ,  a  landscape  gardener,  men¬ 
tioned  by  Daines  Barrington  and  Lord 
Walpole. 

Switzer ,  a  very  remarkable  writer  and 
ingenious  rural  artist. 

Hamilton,  who  formed  Painsbill,  said  to 
have  been  a  gardener,  but  to  have  im¬ 
proved  himself  by  studying  pictures. 
Of  what  country  was  he  ?  1  was  told 
at  Painsbill,  Irish. 

Southcote,  who  laid  out  and  possessed 
Woburn  farm  in  Surrey. 

Wright,  a  professor  of  landscape  garden¬ 
ing,  commended  by  Mr.G.  Mason. 
Spence ,  an  author  commended  by  Lord 
Walpole  as  a  zealous  advocate  for  the 
modern  style  of  gardening. 

Wheatley ,  the  well-known  author  of  Ob¬ 
servations  on  Gardening,  called  Sir 
Thomas  Whateley  by  the  French,  and 
the  Knight  Whitely  by  the  Germans. 
Hirschfeild ,  the  German  author  on  gar¬ 
dening. 

Morel,  J.  the  Kent  of  France,  author  of 
several  books  as  Theorie  des  Jar- 
dins,”  &c. 

Chambers ,  Sir  William ,  late  Surveyor 
general,  &c. 

Batty  Langley,  whose  name  serves  com¬ 
monly  a9  the  butt  of  ridicule  for  cri¬ 
tics  on  gardening  and  architecture;  see 
Quarterly  and  British  Review. 

Parkyns,  author  of  Sketches  in  one  of 
Mr.  Soane  the  Bank  Architect’s  pub¬ 
lications,  and  of  an  Essay  on  the  dif¬ 
ferent  natural  situations  of  gardens. 
Lames,  a  landscape  gardener  lately  de¬ 
ceased. 

Webb,  ditto;  and  Mr.  Repton,  whose  death 
has  lately  been  announced. 


[  99  ] 


THE  GENTLEMANS  MAGAZINE, 
For  AUGUST,  1818. 


MISCELLANEOUS  CORRESPONDENCE. 


Extract  of  a  Letter  from  Roum 
Earl  of  Orford  to  General  Chur¬ 
chill. 

„  „  Houghton , 

Dear  Charles,  Jme  £  m3. 

THIS  place  affords  no  news— no 
subjects  of  amusement  for  such 
fine  men  as  you.  Men  of  pleasure  and 
wit  in  town  understand  uot  the  lan¬ 
guage,  nor  taste  the  charms,  of  the  in¬ 
animate  world.  —  My  flatterers  here 
are  all  mutes.  The  oaks,  the  beeches, 
and  the  chesnuts,  contend  which  of 
them  shall  best  please  the  lord  of  the 
manor.  They  cannot  deceive — they 
will  not  lie.  1  in  sincerity  admire 
them,  and  have  as  many  beauties 
round  me  to  fill  up  all  my  hours  of 
dangling,  and  no  disgrace  attends  rat 
from  sixty-seven  years  of  age. 

Within-doors  we  come  a  little  nearer 
to  real  life,  and  admire  upon  the 
almost-speaking  canvas  all  the  airs 
and  graces  which  the  proudest  of  the 
town  ladies  can  boast:  with  these  I 
am  satisfied,  because  they  gratify  me 
with  all  I  want  and  all  I  wish,  and  ex¬ 
pect  nothing  in  return  which  I  cannot 
give.  If  these,  dear  Charles,  are  any 
temptations,  I  heartily  invite  you  to 
come  and  partake  of  them. 

Shifting  the  scene  has  its  recom¬ 
mendation  ;  and  from  country  fare, 
you  may  return  with  abetter  appetite 
to  the  more  delicate  entertainment  of 
a  ^refined  life. 

Mr,  Urban,  August  1. 

YOUR  Readers  will  pardon  the 
oldest  of  your  Coadjutors,  who 
is  always  ready  and  willing  to  commu¬ 
nicate  information  to  others,  if  for 
once  he  appears  under  his  own  signa¬ 
ture  as  a  Querist  in  the  Magazine. 

The  late  Mr.  Justice  Hardinge  had 
prepared  for  the  press  a  considerable 
Aiumber  of  Essays  on  a  variety  of  sub¬ 


jects;  several  of  which  have  never 
met  the  public  eye,  nor  have  been 
found  among  his  scattered  papers. 

No  man,  perhaps,  was  ever  more 
communicative;  and  many  of  his  wri¬ 
tings  were  freely  imparted  to  those 
who  for  the  time  being  happened  to 
be  more  immediately  his  Correspond¬ 
ents  on  any  particular  subject.  And 
the  present  inquiry  arises  from  a 
hope  that  some  one  or  more  of  his 
unpublished  Essays  may  remain  in  the 
possession  of  his  numerous  Friends. 

Already  I  possess  the  greater  part 
of  his  “  Charges,”  sent  by  himself 
for  the  express  purpose  of  publication; 
with  many  of  the  “Sermons”  com¬ 
posed  by  him  under  the  character  of 
“  A  Layman  his  Remarks  on  some 
of  the  early  English  Poets ;  several 
Miscellaneous  Essays  in  Prose;  and  so 
large  a  collection  of  his  “  Poems”  as 
to  render  the  choice  of  selection  a  task 
of  some  difficulty. 

Of  the  Desiderata,  I  will  mention  a 
few,  which  he  himself  has  noticed  as 
complete. 

It  appears  by  his  Letters  to  Mr. 
Walpole  (Illustrations  of  Literary 
History,  vol.  III.  p.  178)  that  so  early 
as  1771  he  had  written 

“  An  Enquiry  into  the  competency  and 
duty  of  Juries  in  the  case  of  a  public  Li¬ 
bel,  introduced  by  a  more  general  inves¬ 
tigation  of  their  competency  and  duty 
wherever  law  and  fact  are  comprized  in 
the  general  issue.” 

This  possibly  may  be  alluded  to  by 
himself  in  the  following  lines: 

“On  burning  a  Work  of  mine  intended 

FOR  PUBLICATION 

“With  laurel  crown’d  for  murders  in  the 
field. 

Or  mercenary  victims  of  the  sword  ; 
Whose  fear  of  shame  the  Hero's  arms 
could  wield,  [plor’d! 

And  brav’d  in  mask  the  peril  you  de- 

Tbe 


100  Mr .  Justice  Harding e.  —  Bp.  Trelawny.  [Aug. 


The  Author  —  who  could  sacrifice  his 
claims, 

— A  Culprit  sentenc’d  by  his  own 
Review; — 

Puts  verse  or  prose  into  the  secret  flame, 

Is  more  a  Hero  at  the  heart  than  you.” 

In  1S00  he  had  made  considerable 
progress  in  a  Letter  to  Mr.  Walpole 
on  the  subject  of  Chatterton  and  Row- 
ley.  This  I  cannot  now  reeover. 

The  next  article  (an  Essay  on  the 
Character  of  Richard  III.)  is  proba¬ 
bly  still  existing;  for,  in  January 
ISIS,  he  says  (Illustrations,  p.  Si) 

“  Pray  lend  me  your  iBosworth  Field;’ 
- — Would  you  believe  me  when  I  tell  you 
that  I  am  deep  in  a  Richard  III.  of  my 
own?  an  Essay,  but  left  imperfect,  in  a 
series  of  Letters  to  my  uncle-in-law, 
Thomas  Lord  Dacre,  Mr.  Gough’s  friend, 
and  of  whom  I  have  anecdotes  out  of 
number.  My  Fragment  will  be  at  your 
service.  I  took  infinite  pains,  and  meant 
to  go  through  all  the  authorities,  but 
grew  tired.” 

He  afterwards  says, 

“  I  am  delighted  with  your  Richard, 
and  long  to  sendyou  my  Fragments'  of  the 
work  upon  him.  It  was  much  laboured, 
and  as  closely  argued  as  I  could  argue 
any  thing.  G.  H.” 

In  1813,  he  had  finished  a  Disserta¬ 
tion  on  “  Measure  for  Measure;”  and 
afterwards  proceeded  with  a  similar 
Essay  on  “  The  Winter’s  Tale.”  The 
latter  I  possess ;  the  former  I  have 
never  seen.  I  have  also  a  finished 
Essay  on  the  character  of  The  Fool 
in  the  Tragedy  of  King  Lear. 

Ofhis  two  luminous  Speeches,  one 
in  Defence  of  Sir  Thomas  Rumbqld, 
the  other  against  Mr.  Fox’s  India  Bill, 
I  have  accurate  copies;  blit  that 
which  he  made  at  Warwick,  in  April 
1792,  when  pleading,  as  Counsel  for 
the  Hundred,  in  mitigation  of  the 
Damages  claimed  by  Dr.  Priestley,  I 
have  not  been  able  to  obtain.  “  It  is 
extant,”  he  says,  “in  some  hands; 
but  I  am  not  sure  that  it  is  in  mine.” 

The  Third  Edition  of  his  “  Letters 
to  Mr.  Burke,”  in  1791,  would  be  an 
acceptable  communication. 

Yours,  &c.  J.  Nichols. 

Mr.  Urban,  Aug.  2. 

NO  answer  having  been  given  to 
the  inquiry  of  your  Corre¬ 
spondent  Caradoc,  Parti,  p.  199,  I 
beg  leave  to  inform  him  that  the  His¬ 
torian  to  whom  Bishop  Trelawny’s 
Letter  was  addressed  was  Laurence 


Echard,  the  3d  volume  of  whose  His* 
tory  of  England  was  published  in  the 
year  1718.  After  detailing  the  pro¬ 
ceedings  against  the  Seven  Bishops, 
and  the  other  various  arbitrary  mea¬ 
sures  of  King  James  which  led  to¬ 
wards  the  Revolution;  he  delineates 
the  character  and  views  of  the  Prince 
of  Orange,  and  goes  on  to  observe, 
“  that  all  persons  began  to  look  out 
for  a  deliverance;  and  that  several  of 
the  Bishops,  seriously  reflecting  on 
the  imminent  danger  to  which  the 
Protestant  Religion  as  well  as  the 
whole  Nation  was  exposed,  writ  invi¬ 
tations  to  his  Highness  the  Prince  of 
Orange,  to  succour  them  in  this  emer¬ 
gency.”  The  various  reasons  for  the 
Prince’s  interference,  and  the  great 
objects  which  he  had  in  view,  are 
enumerated  at  length  in  his  Declara¬ 
tion;  and  he  justifies  himself  by  stating 
“  that  the  English  Nation  had  ever  tes¬ 
tified  a  most  particular  affection  and  es¬ 
teem  both  to  his  Highness’s  dearest 
consort  and  to  himself,  and  he  could 
not  excuse  himself  from  espousing  that 
interest  in  a  matter  of  such  high  con¬ 
sequence,  and  from  contributing  all 
that  in  him  lay  for  the  maintaining 
both  of  the  Protestant  Religion,  and 
the  laws  and  liberties  of  these  king¬ 
doms,  being  most  earnestly  solicited 
by  a  great  many  lords,  both  spiritual 
and  temporal ,  and  by  many  gentlemen 
and  other  subjects  of  all  ranks.” 

Yours*  &c.  J.  B.  K. 


IN  “  The  History  of  Great  Britain, 
from  the  Revolution  in  1688,  to 
the  Accession  of  George  the  First,  by 
Alexander  Cunningham,  Esq.  trans¬ 
lated  from  the  Latin  manuscript  by 
William  Thomson,  LL.  D.”  2  volumes 
4to.  1787,  about  24  pages  of  the  Intro¬ 
duction  are  occupied  in  a  discussion 
of  the  controverted  point,  whether 
Alexander  Cunningham,  the  author  of 
this  History ,  and  Alexander  Cunning¬ 
ham  the  Critic ,  were  the  same  or  dif¬ 
ferent  persons.  The  question  seems 
to  have  remained  to  this  time  in  the 
same  undecided  state  wherein  the  late 
Dr.  Thomson  left  it  above  thirty 
years  since,  at  least  as  far  as  has  come 
under  my  observation. 

In  1743,  an  octavo  volume  was  pub¬ 
lished  by  theKnaptons  (then  eminent 
booksellers),  intituled,  “  The  present 
State  of  Holland,  or  a  Description 
of  the  United  Provinces,”  including  a 
particular  account  of  the  manners 

and 


18,18 .^Particulars  relating  to  Alexander  Cunningham,  Esq. 


and  customs  of  the  Dutch,  their  con¬ 
stitution,  legislature,  revenue,  sea  and 
land  forces,  trade,  navigation,  univer¬ 
sities,  arts,  sciences,  men  of  letters,  &c. 
&c.  Chapter  IV.  pp.  116-202,  con¬ 
tains  an  account  of  some  of  the  most 
emiment  men  of  letters  who  flourished 
at  the  Hague  in  the  author’s  time, 
and  of  their  writings;  the  second 
named  of  these  is  described  as  follows : 
page  17  7.  “Mr.  Cunningham  was  a 
person  of  singular  merit;  He  was  a 
great  Civilian,  and  laboured  five  and 
twenty  years  on  the  Roman  Law,  but 
with  so  many  interruptions,  that  his 
manuscripts  were  so  imperfect  at  his 
death,  they  were  not  fit  to  be  publish¬ 
ed  :  this  disappointed  many  who  had 
long  expected  that  work.  His  Ho¬ 
race,  which  he  printed  as  a  critique  on 
Dr.  Bentley’s,  shews  him  to  be  an  able 
grammarian.  A  word  which  escaped 
the  Cambridge  Prof  essor,  on  being  ask¬ 
ed  why  he  did  not  answer  that  critique, 
piqued  Mr.  Cunningham  sensibly;  it 
was,  ‘  That  he  would  not  immorta¬ 
lize  the  author:’  ore  rotunda.  Some, 
however,  think  that  those  critical 
animadversions  have  detracted  some¬ 
thing  from  the  Doctor’s  own  immor¬ 
tality,  who  seemed  to  be  under  some 
such  apprehensions;  for,  though  he 
would  not  answer  his  antagonist’s 
work  when  published,  he  left  no  stone 
unturned  to  prevent  its  publication, 
as  Mr.  Cunningham  told  me  at  large. 
I  carried  two  young  gentlemen  of 
Cambridge  to  see  him,  who  told  him 
how  well  his  Horace  had  been  receiv¬ 
ed  in  England,  and  that  the  generality 
of  the  learned  there  had  read  him  with 
no  small  pleasure.  Mr.  Cunningham 
was  much  visited  by  our  Ministers 
at  the  Hague.  He  was  a  fine  gentle¬ 
man,  and  lived  in  a  handsome  man¬ 
ner  on  a  large  pension  settled  on 
him  by  the  Duke  of  Argyle  :  he  had 
accompanied  that  great  man  in  his 
travels.  He  was  a  great  admirer  of 
the  Hague,  but  left  it  in  his  last  ill¬ 
ness,  and  died  in  North  Britain,  where 
he  was  born.” 

It  is  very  unlikely  that  Dr.  Thom¬ 
son  knew  any  thing  of  the  book  from 
which  the  foregoing  extract  is  trans¬ 
cribed ;  or,  if  he  did,  that  he  would 
have  made  any  use  of  it,  for  the  same 
reason  that  has  materially  operated 
as  an  impediment  to  its  circulation  on 
this  side  the  water,  from  the  time  of 
its  first  appearance ;  which  is  its  being 
anonymous.  I  have  never  seen,  or 


101 

heard  of  a  London  edition  of  it  later 
than  that  of  1743;  hut  in  Holland, 
where  the  writer  was  known,  the  case 
has  been  very  different;  exclusive  of 
translations  into  the  Dutch  and  French 
languages,  no  iess  than  three  editions 
in  English  appear  to  have  been  pub¬ 
lished  there  within  the  first  six  years; 
the  third,  printed  in  1749,  in  12mo, 
bearing  the  names  ofthree  booksellers 
at  the  Hague,  Rotterdam,  and  Ley¬ 
den,  (one  at  each  place,)  has  been 
many  years  in  my  possession.  The 
author  was  said  to  have  been  a  person 
of  unquestionable  veracity,  who  had 
long  resided  at  the  Hague,  in  a  sta¬ 
tion  connected  with  British  diplomacy, 
and  in  a  line  of  intercourse  the  most 
respectable  ;  but,  if  I  ever  heard  his 
name  mentioned  in  Holland,  so  many 
years  have  elapsed  since,  that  it  is 
quite  out  of  my  recollection.  The 
book  is  replete  with  information  on  a 
variety  of  subjects,  descriptive,  com¬ 
mercial,  literary,  historical,  political, 
&c. ;  many  of  the  observations  on  the 
latter  topic  were  particularly  interest¬ 
ing  at  the  time  they  were  written,  and 
the  whole  is  conveyed  in  a  lively, 
pleasant  style;  the  author’s  conceal¬ 
ing  his  name  has  been  regretted,  but 
he  doubtless  h  j.d  his  reasons  for  it ; 
his  work  has  served  various  later 
waiters  as  a  storehouse  from  whence 
to  gather  and  select  the  information 
they  wanted. 

Happening  lately  to  open  the  vo¬ 
lume  at  the  page  (177)  where  the 
name  of  Cunningham  occurs,  and  ob¬ 
serving,  upon  referring  in  consequence 
to  Dr.  Thomson’s  before- mentioned 
Introduction,  that  it  appears  to  have 
been  the  Doctor’s  opinion  that,  if  the 
Critic’s  having  travelled  with  the 
Duke  of  Argyle  could  be  satisfacto¬ 
rily  established  as  a  fact,  it  would  at 
once  settle  the  point  of  identity,  as  it 
is  admitted  to  be  beyond  a  doubt  that 
the  Historian  of  the  same  name  had 
been  intrusted  with  the  care  of  the 
Duke  during  his  studies,  and  became 
afterwards  his  travelling  tutor;  I  have 
been  induced  to  snbmit  these  remarks 
to  the  consideration  of  such  as  may 
have  more  leisure  and  are  better  qua¬ 
lified  than  myself  to  investigate  the 
subject.  Should  they  arrest  the  atten¬ 
tion  of  the  eminent  Scholar  of  Hatton 
whilst  enjoying  his  pipe,  they  may  re¬ 
call  to  his  memory  his  correspondence 
with  Dr.  Thomson,  the  translator  of 
Cunningham’s  Historv,  and  thesources 

from 


102  The  late  Humphrey  Repton,  Esq.  [Aug* 


from  which  he  derived  the  infor¬ 
mation  that  “Alexander  Cunningham 
the  critic  had  travelled  in  the  capacity 
of  private  tutor  to  some  Nobleman  ; 
that  he  lived  for  some  time  at  the 
Hague ;  and  that  he  had  been  fortu¬ 
nate  enough  principibus  placuisse 
viris A  Friend  to  Accuracy. 


Mr.  Urban,  August  8. 

HE  well-merited  reputation  of  the 
Gentleman’s  Magazine  will,  I  am 
sure,  make  you  anxious  to  correct 
some  mistakes  in  the  Memoir  of  the 
late  Humphry  Repton,  Esq.  lately 
published  in  your  Supplement. 

It  is  stated  that  “  he  was  born  in 
Norfolk ,  on  the  estate  of  the  late 
Mr.  Windham ,  and  bred  to  the  busi¬ 
ness  of  a  stocking  manufacturer;  and 
his  sister  and  daughters  for  many  years 
kept  a  stocking-shop  at  Hare-street!” 

This  is  altogether  incorrect;  the 
facts  are  simply  these  : 

1st.  He  was  born  on  his  paternal 
estate  at  Bury  St.  Edmund's. 

2nd.  He  was  not  bred  to  the  busi¬ 
ness  of  a  stocking  manufacturer. 

3d.  His  only  sister  was  very  early 
in  life  married  to  Mr.  Adey,  a  solicitor 
well-known  and  highly  respected  in 
Norfolk;  and  his  daughters  were  never 
engaged  in  any  trade,  but  have  always 
Jived  with  their  parents  at  Hare-street. 

4th.  From  1775  till  1783,  he  resided 
as  a  country  gentleman  iu  the  neigh¬ 
bourhood  of  Felbriggy  and  thus  be¬ 
came  acquainted  with  Mr.  Windham. 
They  were  nearly  of  an  age;  their 
pursuits  were  the  same;  and  their  de¬ 
light  in  books  and  philosophical  in¬ 
quiries,  rather  than  in  field  sports, 
naturally  brought  together  two  neigh¬ 
bours  of  congenial  minds.  The  man¬ 
ner  in  which  they  became  officially 
connected,  on  Mr.  Windham’s  being  ap¬ 
pointed  Secretary  of  State  for  Ireland 
in  1783,  will  appear  by  the  following 
characteristic  letter. 

“  Dear  Sir, 

“You  may  think  it  perhaps  a  suffi¬ 
cient  attention  to  your  letter ,  that  I 
answer  it  by  return  of  post;  but  I 
have  done  more  for  your  wishes ,  by 
answering  them  in  my  own  mind  be¬ 
fore  they  were  known  to  me.  It 
happens  very  whimsically,  that  your 
proposal  is  just  au  echo  to  a  wish 
I  was  about  to  express  to  you;  if  you 
will  allow  me  an  image,  when  talking 

*  See  Introduc.  Cunn.  Hist.  p.  xxxiv. 


of  Irish  affairs,  that  makes  the  echd 
come  first.  From  the  moment  this 
business  was  determined  (with  the  de¬ 
termination  of  which  I  will  not  profess 
myself  over  happy),  having  got  my¬ 
self  into  a  scrape,  my  first  thought 
was,  how  I  might  bring  my  friends  in 
with  me;  and  in  that  light  I  had  very 
early  designs  upon  you.  Nothing  de¬ 
layed  ray  discovery  of  my  wishes,  but 
some  difficulties,  not  quite  removed, 
respecting  the  situation  I  might  have 
to  offer,  aud  some  uncertainty  of  your 
willingness  to  accept  any  offer  I  might 
have  to  make.  As  the  latter  of  these 
is  now  at  an  end,  and  no  impediment 
found  in  your  own  likings,  other  dif¬ 
ficulties  may,  I  trust,  be  got  over ;  and 
I  think  I  may  positively  say,  that 
some  situation  shall  be  found,  which 
shall  afford  me  the  advantage  and 
satisfaction  of  your  company  and  as¬ 
sistance,  with  a  fair  prospect  of  benefit 
to  yourself.  If  you,  as  soon  as  is 
convenient,  will  come  to  town,  you 
may  be  of  great  immediate  use  to  me, 
and  we  can  then  more  commodiously 
talk  of  other  matters.  Yours,  with 
best  compliments  to  Mrs.  R, 

May  5  (1783.)  (Signed)  W.  W.” 

They  were  soon  equally  disgusted 
with  political  pursuits,  to  which,  how¬ 
ever,  the  powerful  mind  and  com¬ 
manding  talents  of  Mr.  Windham  were 
afterwards  again  directed,  while  his 
friend  chose  the  more  quiet  occupa¬ 
tions  of  a  profession  in  which  he  was 
highly  distinguished  by  his  contem¬ 
poraries.  His  posthumous  fame  must 
depend  upon  his  works  and  literary 
productions.  Among  the  latter  are 
two  MS  volumes  of  “  Recollections 
of  his  past  life,”  which  may  be  pub¬ 
lished  hereafter;  and  his  family  would 
therefore  willingly  have  avoided  any 
Memoir  in  periodical  publications,  had 
not  the  mistakes,  which  first  appeared 
in  the  Monthly  Magazine,  obliged  me 
to  trouble  you  with  this  communi¬ 
cation.  H.  R. 

JFracments  of  Hit  cram  re+ 

No.  XII. 

/ 

Imitated  from  the  Italian. 

Said  to  have  been  by  the  Honourable  Miss 
Margaret  Yorhe. 

As  late  I  view’d  yon  rapid  torrent’s  force. 
Far  from  its  banks  while  fair  Maria 
stray’d, 

Methought  a  wave  was  boasting  in  its 
course,  [maid. 

It  kiss’d  the  foot-steps  of  the  parting 

Eager 


10$ 


1818.]  Fragments  of  Literature . — Rev,  Anthony  Temple* 


Eager  I  call’d ;  “  What  time  she  left 
you,  say;  [with  care?” 

Seem’d  her  eyes  joyous,  or  obscur’d 
It  said,  “  Her  beauty  shone  serene  and 
gay,  [hush’d  the  ruder  air.” 
“  Smooth’d  the  rough  stream,  and 
Another  told  me  ; (t  Every  Naiad’s  breast 
I  saw  with  jealous  pride  and  envy  fill’d. 
When  o’er  the  flood  a  radiant  glance 
she  cast.”  [lips  distill’d, 

I  ask’d,  “  What  words  from  her  soft 
Or  did  one  tender  thought  to  me  be¬ 
long  ?”  [song. 

The  wave  flow’d  by,  nor  answer’d  to  my 
MS.  Donat.  Mus.  Brit.  4325.  B. 


“  Verses  of  Mr.  Tychborne  before 
his  Execution.” 


From  the  Third  Volume  of  St.  George's 
Heraldic  Collections,  preserved  among 
the  Lansdowne  MSS. 

My  prime  of  youth  ys  but  a  frost  of 
cares,  [payne. 

My  feast  of  joyes  is  but  a  dishe  of 
My  crop  of  corne  is  but  a  field  of  tares, 
And  all  my  good  is  but  a  shape  of  gayne. 
The  day  is  fled,  and  yet  I  saw  no  sun  : 
And  now  I  live,  and  now  my  life  is  done. 

The  Spring  is  past,  and  yet  yt  hath  not 
sprong,  [be  greene. 

The  frute  is  dead,  and  yet  the  leaves 
My  youth  is  gonn,  and  yet  I  am  but 
yonge, 

I  saw  the  world  and  yet  I  was  not  seen. 
My  thread  is  cutt,  and  yet  it  is  not  sponn. 
And  now  I  lyve,  and  now  my  life  is  done. 

I  sought  my  death,  and  founde  it  in  my 
wombe, 

I  lok’d  for  life,  and  saw  it  was  a  shade, 
I  trodd  the  earth,  and  saw  yt  was  my 
tombe, 

And  now  I  dye/and  now  I  am  but  made. 
The  Glasse  is  full,  and  now  the  Glasse  is 
ronn, 

And  now  I  lyve,  and  now  my  life  is  donne. 

Tychborne. 


Mr.  Urban, 


Richmond  School,  ' 
Yorkshire ,  Aug.  10. 

AFTER  the  strong  but  friendly 
challenge  lately  given  in  Ni¬ 


chols'  s  Illustrations  of  Literature,  &e. 
Vol.  I.  p.  774.  it  does  not  become  me 
to  be  silent  any  longer. 

As  the  successor  of  the  Rev.  An - 
thony  Temple  in  this  place,  bound  to 
him  by  a  strong  debt  of  obligation 
and  gratitude,  if  the  power  be  mine 
to  do  justice  to  his  memory,  I  am 
without  excuse  if  found  wanting  in 
the  will.  The  inclination  may  seem 
to  have  lingered  too  long  in  general 
design  :  it  is  now  avowed  in  the  shape 
of  a  specific  and  immediate  purpose. 


I  pledge  myself  for  the  execution 
withoutfarther delay;  and  shall  briefly 
state  what  bas  been  done,  and  what 
yet  remains  to  do  on  that  account. 

Betwixt  the  years  1766  and  1791, 
Mr.  Temple  published  seven  Sermons 
at  different  times,  and  five  Tracts  in 
the  controversy  which  arose  out  of 
Mr.  Lindsey's  Apology  for  resigning 
the  vicarage  of  Catterick.  Of  these 
Tracts  and  Sermons,  very  exactly  enu¬ 
merated  in  the  Illustrations  u.  s.  a 
small  edition  was  several  years  ago 
reprinted;  and  the  publication  is 
ready  to  proceed,  as  soon  as  a  brief 
preliminary  Memoir  and  a  few  post¬ 
humous  pieces  are  given  to  the  press. 

Those  pieces  consist  chiefly  of  two 
beautiful  Latin  Elegies ;  of  Essays  on 
the  ^cupLovioc,  of  St.  James  ii.  19.  on 
the  avnryfaTo  of  St.  Matthew  xxvii. 
5.  and  on  the  avrn  n  ctTroygottyw'  vgam 
of  St.  Luke  ii.  2.;  and  of  Miscella¬ 
neous  Remarks  on  the  question  of  the 
pre-existence  of  Jesus  Christ,  in  reply 
to  Dr.  Priestley,  originally  intended 
for  the  “  Essays  and  Commentaries” 
of  the  Society  in  Essex  Street. 

Even  after  so  long  a  procrastination 
I  am  far  from  thinking,  that  the  per¬ 
formance  of  this  apparently  neglected 
design  has  fallen  on  a  day  unfavour¬ 
able  to  its  being  kindly  received. 

Mr.  Brougham's  Augean  labours  in 
the  Committee  on  Education  are  just 
now  at  the  full  tide  of  exertion  and 
success.  The  very  curious  and  inter¬ 
esting  book  of  Mr.  Carlisle  on  the 
Endowed  Schools  of  England  illus¬ 
trates  and  exposes  many  things  both 
bad  and  good,  which  were  but  imper¬ 
fectly  known  before.  And,  in  the 
wake  of  all  this,  the  Life  and  literary 
Remains  of  a  learned  and  laborious 
School-master  will  find  a  very  natu¬ 
ral  place  to  be  stationed  with  honour. 

Yours,  &c.  James  Tate. 

Mr.  Urban,  Crosby  Square,  Aug.  12. 

Durham  Cathedrae. 

IN  reply  to  your  Correspondent  in 
the  last  Magazine  at  p.  40,  I  need 
only  transcribe  those  Statutes  of  Dur¬ 
ham  Cathedral,  which  have  an  im¬ 
mediate  reference  to  the  Choristers*. 
They  are  too  plain  to  require  either 
comment  or  illustration.  M.  H» 


*  Cole’s  MSS.  in  Br.  Mus.  Vol.  D. 
From  a  eopy  of  the  Statutes  transcribed 
by  Dr.  W.  Sancroft,  Canon  Residentiary 

of 


104 

CAP.  V. 

Determines  the  number  of  persons  to 
be  maintained  in  the  Cathedral  Church 
of  Durham,  who  are  required  to  be  a 
Dean,  12  Canons,  1 2  Minor  Canons,  a 
Deacon  and  Sub-deacon,  10  clerks  who 
may  be  either  Priests  or  Laymen,  a  Mas¬ 
ter  of  the  Choristers,  10  Choristers,  2 
Grammar  Masters,  18  Grammar  Scho¬ 
lars,  8  Almsmen,  &c. 

c.  XXVII. 

Of  the  Choristers  and  their  Master. 

“  We  ordain  that  in  the  said  Church 
there  be  10  Choristers,  boys  of  tender 
age  and  good  voice,  with  a  taste  tor 
music  ;  who  shall  serve,  minister,  and 
sing  in  the  Choir. 

“  To  guide  them  in  moral  conduct, 
and  to  instruct  them  in  the  art  of  sing¬ 
ing,  (exclusive  of  the  10  Clerks  before 
mentioned)  one  shall  be  chosen  of 
unblemished  life  and  reputation,  and  a 
proficient  in  singing  and  organ-playing, 
who  shall  be  carefully  occupied  in  teach¬ 
ing  the  boys  to  sing  in  the  Church  ser¬ 
vice,  and  to  play  upon  the  organ. 

«  And  that  he  may  the  more  diligently 
apply  himself  to  the  duty  of  instructing 
and  superintending  the  boys,”  he  is  per¬ 
mitted  to  employ  a  deputy  at  the  organ, 
except  on  Sundays  and  Festivals. 

“  Let  him  also  have  a  watchful  care 
oyer  the  health  of  the  boys,  whom  we 
commend  to  his  fidelity  and  industry,  in 
respect  to  their  literature,  their  com¬ 
mons  and  their  board,  their  education  and 
rudiments  of  liberal  knowledge f;  unless 
the  Dean  shall  judge  this  to  be  incon¬ 
venient  or  detrimental  to  the  boys,  or  to 
any  of  them. 

“  Should  he  be  found  idle  or  negligent 
in  teaching  the  boys,  or  in  considerate 
and  watchful  attention  to  their  health 
and  proper  education,  let  him,  after  the 
third  admonition,  be  deposed  from  his 
office. 

“  Which  said  Master  of  the  Choristers 
shall  also  be  sworn  faithfully  in  his  own 
person,  to  perform  the  duties  of  his 
office.’' 

c.  XXVIII. 

Of  the  Grammar  Scholars  and  their 
Instructors. 

<c  That  Piety  and  Literature  may  for 
ever  flourish  and  increase  in  our  Church, 
and  in  due  time  bring  forth  fruit  to  the 
glory  of  God  and  the  honour  and  service 
of  the  Commonwealth,  we  decree  and 
ordain,  that  in  our  Church  of  Durham 
5:8  poor  friendless  boys  of  good  capacity, 

of  Durham,  and  afterwards  Archbishop 
of  Canterbury. 

•f  Prospiciat  etiam  puerorum  saluti 
(quorum,  et  in  literis,  et  in  merisa,  et  in 
convictu,  educationem,  et  liberalem  in- 
sututionem,  illius  fidei  et  industriae  corn- 
mittimus. 


[Aug. 

be  always  maintained  out  of  the  posses¬ 
sions  of  our  Church. 

“  Whom  moreover  we  would  not  have 
admitted  among  the  poor  scholars  of  our 
Church,  before  they  are  able  to  read  and 
write,  and  are  moderately  acquainted 
with  the  first  rudiments  of  Grammar, 
according  to  the  judgment  of  the  Dean. 

“  And  we  require  that  these  boys  be 
maintained  at  the  expence  of  our  Church 
till  they  shall  have  attained  a  competent 
knowledge  of  Latin  Grammar,  and  have 
learned  to  speak  and  to  write  Latin,  for 
which  purpose  four  years  shall  be  allowed, 
or  by  the  permission  of  the  Dean,  five 
years  and  no  more. 

“  We  also  decree  that  no  one  be  ad¬ 
mitted  to  a  poor  scholarship  of  this 
Church,  who  shall  exceed  15  years  of 
age.  The  Choristers,  however,  of  the 
said  Church,  though  exceeding  15  years 
of  age,  we  allow  to  be  admitted  as  scho¬ 
lars.  And  if  they  are  duly  qualified,  and 
have  made  good  proficiency  in  music, 
and  have  faithfully  served  in  the  Choir, 
we  ordain  that  they  shall  be  chosen  in 
preference  to  others.” 

The  Statute,  after  enjoining  that 
dull  and  idle  boys  shall  not  be  suffered 
to  loiter  unprolitably  among  the  rest, 
proceeds  thus: 

“  Further,  we  ordain,  that  an  expe¬ 
rienced  instructor  be  chosen,  one  of  good 
reputation,  orthodox  faith,  and  religious 
life ;  learned  in  the  Greek  and  Latin 
languages,  who  shall  teach  freely  not 
only  those  18  boys  belonging  to  the 
Church,  but  all  others  resorting  to 
our  Grammar  School,  and  shall  cultivate 
and  adorn  their  minds  with  piety  and 
literature  *. 

“  Another  person  shall  be  chosen  of 
good  reputation,  orthodox  faith,  and 
religious  life,  acquainted  with  the  Latin 
language,  and  an  able  instructor,  who, 
under  the  High  Master,  shall  teach  the 
boys  the  first  rudiments  of  Grammar. 

“  And  we  require  that  these  Masters 
faithfully  and  diligently  instruct  the  boys 
according  to  such  regulations  and  mode 
of  tuition  as  the  Dean,  with  the  assent 
of  the  Bishop,  shall  prescribe.  If  they 
be  found  slothful  or  negligent  or  inca¬ 
pable  of  teaching,  let  them  after  the 
third  admonition  be  removed  from  their 
charge.  Let  them  also  be  sworn  faith¬ 
fully  to  perform  the  duties  appertaining 
to  their  office.” 


*  Statuimus  praeterea,  ut  unus  eli- 
gatur,  Latine  et  Graece  doctus,  bonae 
famae,  sanse.  fidei,  et  vitae  piae,  docendi 
facultate  imbutus,  qui  tarn  illos  18  Eccle- 
sise  pueros,  quam  alios  quoscunque  Grara- 
maticam  discendi  gratia  ad  scholam  nos- 
tram  confluentes,  pietafe  excolat  et  bonis 
literis  exornet. 

Mr* 


Durham  Cathedral  School. 


GentMag.Au-g^l8lS.PlJ.p.l05 . 


1818.]  Topographical  Account  c/*  Marston  Magna,  Somerset.  105 


Mr. Urban,  Crewkerne,  May  13. 

ARIOUS  are  the  conjectures  on 
the  origin  of  the  name  of Merston, 
now  called  Marston ,  the  village  I  here¬ 
with  submit  to  your  notice. 

The  most  probable  surmise  I  feel 
inclined  to  follow  is  from  Mear,  or 
Mere,  probably  a  Saxon  possessor  ;  or 
from  its  Mere-like  appearance  during 
the  winter  months,  when  the  waters 
collect  here  to  a  great  extent,  and 
where  also  they  remain  for  some  time, 
during  which  they  have  the  visional 
effect  of  large  beautiful  lakes,  or 
’Meres,  as  the  Shropshire  and  Che¬ 
shire  Meres. 

In  these  two  Counties  we  frequently 
find  villages  having  names  concord- 
ing  with  the  first  particle  of  this  con¬ 
junctional  word, such  as  Mearton,  now 
corrupted  to  Marton,  and  again  Mere- 
don,  now  called  Mardcn.  These  vil¬ 
lages  are  generally  near  large  stand¬ 
ing  waters,  or  in  such  situations  as 
receive  the  land  floods,  and  retain 
them,  a  long  time.  It  could  not,  I 
should  suppose,  receive  its  etymology 
from  the  Saxon  (mjpa)  or  mire,  an 
ant,  or  at  least  an  anty  situation,  that 
humble  diligent  insect  being  com¬ 
monly  partial  to  dry  elevated  soils ; 
.nor  could  it  possibly,  as  some  have 
imagined,  have  its  descentfrom(Mare), 
.being  at  least  twenty-three  miles  from 
the  English  Channel,  and  rather  more 
from  the  Bristol ;  but,  as  this  circum¬ 
stance  is  of  no  very  considerable  mo¬ 
ment  to  the  present  subject,  we  will 
decline  further  observations,  that  can 
only  be  offered  as  an  hypothesis  im¬ 
mediately  resulting  from  fanciful  ideas. 

The  parish  of  Marston  Magna,  in 
the  County  of  Somerset,  receives  its 
additional  name  by  way  of  distinction 
from  Little  Marston,  a  village  North 
of  this  place:  the  situation  of  both  is  in 
a  low  flat  country,  shaded  in  the  sum¬ 
mer  months  from  the  scorching  rays 
of  the  sun  by  a  thick  dark  foliage  of 
stately  elms,  orchards, and  ornamental 
forest  -  trees,  that  afford  the  same 
friendly  protection  from  the  frigid 
North  atmosphere  during  winter. 

It  is  distant  about  four  miles  from 
the  celebrated  Cadbury,  or  probably 
Cerdic,  Hill,  in  the  Saxon  history  of 
eur  country  famous  for  the  defeat  of 
Baldulph  and  Colgrin,  who,  after  a 
second  struggle  for  victory,  flushed 
with  the  succour  of  new  forces  under 
Gent.  Mag,  August,  1818. 

Q 


Cerdic,  were  again,  by  the  military 
prowess  of  the  invincible  British  King 
Arthur,  repulsed  and  entirely  defeated, 
to  almost  the  loss  of  their  whole  army 
as  well  as  themselves. 

The  soil  of  this  parish  is  principally 
a  fine  fertile  calculous  earth,  chiefly 
pasture  lands,  astonishingly  quick 
m  vegetation,  and  productive  to  the 
degree  of  abundance.  These  fer¬ 
tile  fields  are  grazed  with  fine  neat- 
cattle,  for  the  great  mart  of  our  all- 
devouring  Metropolis,  except  a  few 
dairies  that  throw  their  produce  into 
the  same  annihilating  gulph.  This 
copious  soil  furnishes  the  iap  of  our 
commonwealth  with  other  treasures; 
it  produces  excellent  timber,  and  is 
particularly  friendly  to  the  growth  of 
oak,  ash,  and  elm,  that  skirt  the  enclo¬ 
sures  in  beautiful  hedge-rows,  tower¬ 
ing  one  above  the  other,  like  graceful 
clouds  topping  the  Westerly  contour  $ 
amidst  these  stately  files  of  propi¬ 
tious  vegetables,  others  of  humbler 
fecundity  intermix,  which  store  the 
possession  of  the  owner  with  the  most 
delicious  beverage  and  salutary  fruits. 

In  fact,  this  generous  soil  yields  to 
no  other  in  the  kingdom  for  fertility, 
variety,  and  quality,  that  support 
the  demands  of  life  and  exhilarate 
the  heart  of  man. 

The  Church  (see  Plate  I.)  in  the 
centre  of  the  village  is  a  plain  neat 
building  of  freestone,  with  a  high  ta¬ 
pering  tower,  supported  with  but¬ 
tresses,  having  an  embattled  pedi¬ 
ment  that  encircles  the  top.  The  chan¬ 
cel  is  by  far  the  oldest  part  of  the 
building,  and  seems  to  be  the  work 
of  a  very  early  period,  most  likely 
Saxon,  as  its  massive  walls  are  with¬ 
out  buttresses,  and  the  Eastern  win¬ 
dow  is  of  that  kind  of  order  we  find 
in  our  oldest  ecclesiastical  structures; 
it  has  the  long  lancet-shape  lights  car¬ 
ried  up  in  the  plain  wall.  Under  this 
window  stands  the  altar;  and  very 
near  it  in  the  South  wall  are  two 
uiches,  one  evidently  for  an  holy 
water  basin  ;  the  other  is  larger,  and 
has  in  it  a  stone  bench  of  very  rude 
workmanship,  the  customary  seat  of 
an  assistant  officiating  priest. 

The  main  body  of  the  church  is 
connected  with  this  very  ancient  chan¬ 
cel  by  a  high  light  Gothic  arch,  with¬ 
out  screen  or  ornament,  that  seems 
to  be  a  work  of  no  very  distant  pe¬ 
riod  (comparatively  with  the  cHan- 

cel). 


106  Topographical  Account  of  Marston  Magna,  Somerset.  [Aug* 


cel).  The  North-West  side  of  this  por¬ 
tion  of  the  building  has  an  attached 
projectional  structure,  screened  off’ 
from  the  main  body,  that  seems  to 
have  been  intended  for  a  small  chapel 
or  chantry  ;  this  addition  appears  to 
be  much  more  modern  than  any  other 
part  of  the  church,  having  the  parti¬ 
cular  style  of  our  Seventh  Henry  :  it 
further  appears  to  have  been  dedi¬ 
cated  to  the  Blessed  Virgin,  the  niche 
still  remaining  in  which  that  statue 
stood;  it  is  elegantly  executed  in  a 
fine  sort  of  tabernacle  manner,  cut  in 
stone,  and  standing  on  a  handsome 
mural  bracket.  "The  walls  of  this  am¬ 
biguous  structure  have  beeu  beauti¬ 
fully  ornamented  with  fine  specimens 
or  efforts  of  the  chisel,  representing 
the  most  remarkable  subjects  of  the 
Bible,  in  a  fine  bold  relievo,  that 
nearly  covered  the  whole  interior  ; 
but  unfortunately  the  church  under¬ 
going  some  repairs,  during  the  life¬ 
time  of  a  predecessor  very  different 
from  the  present  rector,  the  sacri¬ 
legious  miscreants  employed  were 
suffered  to  pillage  the  church,  and 
convey  away  all  this  beautiful  tra¬ 
cery,  with  also  the  Virgin  statue. 

Many  curious  stone  coffins  have 
been  discovered  beneath  the  flagwork, 
and  it  is  presumed  many  of  them  are 
of  Monkish  origin,  having  in  various 
devices  the  representation  of  the 
cross;  and  in  others  the  palm-branch 
rudely  designed.  The  latter  is  conjec¬ 
tured  to  have  contained  the  bodies 
of  such  Nuns  whose  ascetic  life  had 
passed  through  the  different  degrees 
established  according  to  the  rules  of 
St.  Benedict. 

A  little  North  of  the  church  stands 
the  parsonage,  now  a  delightful  rural 
residence,  surrounded  with  delicious 
gardens,  and  decorated  with  profu¬ 
sions  of  sweet  flowers,  elegant  shrubs, 
fruit,  and  salutiferous  vegetables, 
nicely  disposed  and  tastefully  ar¬ 
ranged  by  the  present  worthy  rector, 
Mr.  Williams,  whose  urbanity  of  man¬ 
ners  is  a  general  theme  of  praise 
throughout  the  village  and  neigh¬ 
bourhood,  from  the  lisping  tongue  of 
the  infant  to  the  faltering  voice  of 
worn-down  age. 

In  short,  all  this  gentleman’s  ex¬ 
cellent  qualities  keep  pace  with  his 
improvements:  he  reclaimed  this  lit¬ 
tle  earthly  paradise  from  a  stale  of 
wretchedness  (or  chaos)  too  miserable 


to  describe,  and,  like  himself  from  the 
most  early  period  of  life,  have  ever 
since  been  progressively  doing  good. 

“  Blush,  Grandeur,  blush ;  proud  Courts, 
withdraw  your  blaze — 

Ye  little  Stars,  hide  your  diminish’d 
rays !” 

Notwithstanding  every  prospect  of- 
reversionary  interest  ceases  in  the  te¬ 
nure  of  Mr.  Williams’s  life,  yet  he 
looks  back  on  his  considerable  ex¬ 
penditure  with  those  feelings  that 
result  from  a  noble  mind  and  a  gene¬ 
rous  heart.  To  use  his  own  words, 
(says  he)  “  I  feel  as  much  or  more 
pleasure  in  doing  for  my  successor, 
whoever  he  may  be,  as  I  do  for  my 
own  comfort  and  amusement.  Man,” 
adds  Mr.  Williams,  “  was  not  in¬ 
tended  for  himself  alone.”  Amidst  the 
assemblage  of  rural  beauty  and  rus¬ 
tic  elegance  here  set  forth  by  this 
gentleman’s  very  superior  taste,  one 
cannot  help  reflecting  on  the  ra¬ 
tional  advantages  of  retirement  with 
an  intelligent  friend,  where  the  fol- 
l  es,  madness,  and  impertinence  of 
society,  are  lost  in  reasonable  contem¬ 
plation,  and  where  in  silence,  and  in 
unpolluted  air, the  mind  ponders  over 
the  miserable  motions  of  a  perturbed 
world  :  here  we  lose  sight  of  ambi¬ 
tion,  and  the  vanities  of  man  give 
place  to  easy  and  agreeable  medita¬ 
tion,  social  manners,  sound  reason, 
and  humanity. 

Mr.  Williams’s  luminous  under¬ 
standing  has  adorned  his  house  equal 
to  the  Elysian  style  of  his  gardens; 
his  collections  and  ornaments  are  sub¬ 
jects  well  chosen,  that  display  the 
beat  of  a  fine  imagination,  and  the 
superior  attainments  of  elegant  lite¬ 
rature  ;  they  are  chiefly  natural  and 
classical  subjects  obtained  from  his 
own  neighbourhood  ;  they  are  also 
ingeniously  arranged  and  propor¬ 
tioned  by  himself ;  and  his  connected 
sentiments  on  these  subjects  deve- 
lope  the  ideas  of  an  excellent  philo¬ 
sophical  mind. 

Thisworthy  Dignitary  of  the  church 
is  lineally  descended  from  the  antient 
house  of  Williams  in  Dorsetshire, 
whose  connexions  are  nobly  distin¬ 
guished  in  the  history  of  that  County, 
and  honourably  represented  by  this 
benevolent  member  of  their  genea¬ 
logy  ;  in  short,  it  is  no  exaggerated 
praise,  hut  strictly  the  character  of 

'  •  ..Mr. 


1818.]  Marston  Magna,  Somerset. — Roman  Remains.  107 


Mr.  Williams,  that  he  illustrates  the 
dignity  of  his  professional  calling,  as 
well  as  the  neighbourhood  he  resides 
in ;  he  connects  the  conduct  and  deport¬ 
ment  of  a  wise  and  virtuous  man,  with 
the  first  degrees  of  a  scholar  and  a 
gentleman. 

The  parish  of  Marston  Magna  ori¬ 
ginally  consisted  of  little  else  than  a 
convent  and  its  detached  buildings, 
nearly  the  whole  of  which  stood  on 
the  South  side  of  the  church,  as  the 
present  village  stands  North,  two  or 
three  houses  excepted.  The  site  of 
this  religious  establishment  is  at  this 
moment  to  be  plainly  traced  in  a  close 
contiguous  to  the  church,  called  the 
Court-garden,  the  discriminating  fea¬ 
tures  of  which  are  a  succession  of  va¬ 
rious  mounds,  terraces,  excavations, 
and  other  irregularities,  throughout 
the  whole  field.  The  principal  terrace 
led  to  a  distaut  field,  still  called  the 
Park,  where  it  is  presumed  deer  had 
been  kept  for  the  use  of  this  convent. 
The  field  is  about  forty;  acres,  aud  the 
terrace  surrounds  the  whole,  that  pro¬ 
bably  came  from  the  grand  front,  or 
from  the  entrance  of  the  great  clois¬ 
ter  of  this  priory,  through  an  avenue 
of  trees  leading  to  a  draw-bridge  over 
the  ditch,  by  which  it  could  only  he 
accessible.  This  ditch  still  remains  ; 
it  is  large,  deep,  and  wide  over,  in¬ 
closing  a  spacious  quadrangular  area, 
on  which  spot,  no  doubt,  the  principal 
building  stood.  Indeed  an  amazing 
combination  of  various  structures 
must  have  formerly  dignified  the  clas¬ 
sical  site  of  this  house,  its  society 
must  have  been  large  and  liberally 
maintained.  Its  sect  is  said  to  have 
been  a  religious  sisterhood  of  Bene¬ 
dictine  Nuns,  under  a  Lady  Prioress, 
and  dependant  on  the  abbey  of  Po- 
lestro,  or  Poleston,  in  the  county  of 
Devon  ;  but  the  history  of  this  abbey 
unfortunately  seems  very  obscure,  or 
at  least  never  to  have  fallen  under  my 
observation,  a  circumstance  I  must 
regret. 

It  appears  from  good  authority 
that  the  Abbess  and  Nuns  of  Polestro, 
or  Poleston,  in  the  county  of  Devon, 
had  the  peculiar  rectory  of  Marston 
Magna  ;  taxed  20  Edw.  I.  at  23 
marcs,  6s.  8 d.  ;  and  presented  to  the 
vicarage,  probably  by  way  of  aug¬ 
mentation  fee:  but  in  what  manner 
the  rectory  dues  were  held  we  do  not 
find  out. 

Yours,  &c.  J.  Bellamy. 


Mr.  Urban, 


Parsonage  House , 
Preston ,  July  13. 
'OME  interesting  Roman  Remains 
have  been  discovered  about  a 
quarter  of  a  mile  from  the  village  of 
Blatchington,  nearBrighthelmston,  on 
the  estate  of  Lord  Abergavenny,  in  the 
present  occupation  qf  Mr.  Hudson. 

The  site  is  on  elevated  ground, 
commanding  an  extensive  range  of 
the  coast.  A  barley  crop  is  now  on 
the  site,  and  when  harvested,  it  is 
the  intention  of  the  proprietor  to 
open  the  ruins,  of  considerable  extent, 
observable  by  the  stunted  growth  of 
the  crop  in  the  line  of  the  foundation 
walls.  Ploughs  have  occasionally  been 
broken  on  the  spot,  turning  up  from 
time  to  time  fragments  of  the  ruins, 
mortar  with  pounded  brick,  the  ob¬ 
vious  indication  of  Roman  work  ; 
fragments  of  bricks,  and  flue  tiles  of 
a  bath  or  sudatory.  Some  of  these 
having  been  sent  to  me  for  inspection, 
I  found  them  of  the  same  kind  as 
those  I  discovered  at  Oldfield,  near 
the  village  of  Bignor,  several  years 
before  I  explored  that  villa.  By  the 
appointment  of  Mr.  Hudson,  in  com¬ 
pany  with  Prince  Hoare,  Esq.  Brother 
Fellow  of  the  Royal  Society  of  Anti¬ 
quaries,  and  Honorary  Secretary  for 
Foreign  Correspondence  to  the  Royal 
Academy,  I  visited  the  spot.  On  open¬ 
ing  the  ground  over  the  ruins,  I  was 
satisfied,  by  various  Roman  indicia , 
beyond  a  doubt,  of  its  similar  claim  to 
the  one  at  Bignor. 

This  d  iscovery  will  be  found  of 
some  importance  in  finally  deciding 
on  the  disputed  situation  of  the  Portus 
Adurni,  mentioned  in  the  Notitia 
Provinciarum  of  the  Lower  Empire. 
See  the  following  entry — Prceposilus 
numeri  exploratorum  Portu- Adurni, 
sub  dispositione  viri  spectabilis,  comitis 
littoris  Saxonici  per  Britanniam.  Com¬ 
ment.  in  Notitia,  Guides  Pancirolus, 
cap.  38.  The  ruins  are  evidemly  those 
of  a  Mansio  ad  Portam  Adurni ,  of  a 
Praefect  or  Praetor,  situated  opposite 
the  old  mouth  of  the  river  Adur, 
at  Alderton,  which,  at  the  Roman 
period,  extended,  by  probable  com¬ 
putation,  about  three  miles  from  A I- 
derlon,  overwhelmed  by  the  periodical 
encroachment  of  the  sea  by  the  South¬ 
west  storms;  now  opposed  by  the  ac¬ 
cumulation  of  the  heach  since  the 
erection  of  the  jetties,  or  groins,  at 
Brightheimston.  The  track-way  to 
the  old  harbour  is  still  observable  on 

the 


108  Rev,  James  Douglas  on  Roman  Remains  in  Sussex.  [Aug 


the  West  of  the  'villa,  overlooking 
Angleton,  used  as  a  cart-road  to  the 
cultivated  lands.  On  the  North,  it 
proceeded  considerably  to  the  left  of 
the  Devil's  Dyke,  or  Poor  Man’s  Wall, 
on  the  descent  of  the  old  road  to  Clay- 
don,  where  a  few  years  since,  in  the 
front  of  the  Parsonage-house,  a  Ro¬ 
man  bath  was  discovered;  thence  in  a 
straight  line  on  the  present  track  of 
the  turnpike  road  to  Stone-pound,  to 
the  Friar’s  Oak,  to  the  right  of  John’s 
common,  where  the  Roman  road  is 
for  a  mile  extant,  and  then  obliterated 
by  the  cultivated  lands,  the  materials 
of  which  have,  from  time  to  time, 
served  for  the  repair  of  the  turnpike 
road,  distant  about  a  quarter  of  a 
mile;  leaving  Cuck field  a  mile  and  a 
quarter  to  the  West,  it  then  points  to 
Ardenly  or  Ardingley  in  the  old  maps, 
near  a  farm  called  Cold  Harbour  *, 
four  miles  beyond  the  former;  thence 
taking  adirect  course  into  Ken l, leaving 
East  Grinstead  to  the  West,  to  Botley- 
hill ,  where  the  late  Mr.  Stephen  Vine, 
an  ingenious  intelligent  schoolmaster, 
bad  carefully  traced  it,  who  at  that 
place  discovered  some  Romap  re¬ 
mains,  which  inclined  him  to  fix  a 
station  there;  from  thence  it  pointed 
straight  to,  and  joined  the  great  pri¬ 
mary  Watliog  street  road  toP^ochester, 
Durobrivis ;  to  the  other  stations  of 
the  Comes ;  to Dubris, Dover;  Rutupis , 
Ricbborough  near  Sandwich,  where 
the  Notitia,  or  Survey  of  the  Western 
Empire,  has  placed  the  P reefed  us  of 
the  11th  legion,  Victrix  Augusta; 
Rutupice ,  sub  dispositione  viri  spec- 
iqbilis,  comitis  littoris  Saxonici  per 
Rritanniam ;  to  oppose  the  piratical 
inroads  of  the  Saxons,  or  other  Nor¬ 
thern  invaders.  The  walls  of  Rutupis , 
with  an  amphitheatre  at  a  short  dis¬ 
tance,  are  still  extant.  A  commu¬ 
nication  from  the  South  to  the  North¬ 
eastern  coast  was  thus  opened, 'whence 

*  Cold  Harbour  is  a  name  which  fre¬ 
quently  occurs  on  the  line  of  Roman 
roads.  There  is  a  place  of  this  name  near 
a  British  or  Belgic  entrenchment,  not  far 
distant  from  Okeley,  on  the  Stone- street, 
or  West  Ermin-sreet.  It  may  possibly 
be  derived  from  the  Celtic  or  Old  British 
Colly  and  Harbour,  the  head  of  the  en¬ 
trenchment.  I  was  favoured  with  this 
remark  in  a  correspondence  with  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Leman,  of  Bath,  one  of 
the  able  Editors  and  Commentators  of 
the  new  edition  of  the  Itinerary  of  Ri¬ 
chard  of  Cirencester. 


the  tabellarii ,  or  messengers,  to  pre¬ 
pare  the  garrisons  on  the -event  of 
hosLile  invasion,  were  from  coast  to 
coast  dispatched. 

Throughout  the  whole  coast  of  Sus¬ 
sex  more  particularly,  and  on  the 
Eastern  coasts  of  the  island,  i  r aefects 
over  the  bands  of  the  exploratores , 
in  the  lower  ages  of  the  Roman  em¬ 
pire,  were  established  against  the 
Northern  irruptions.  Their  stations 
can  be  pointed  out ;  but  as  this  paper 
chiefly  relates  to  the  present  interest¬ 
ing  discovery  on  the  actual  site  of  the 
Portus  Adurni,  it  would  occupy  too 
great  a  portion  of  your  Magazine  now 
to  expand  upon  ;  but  as  it  may  per¬ 
haps  be  of  some  information  to- the 
curious  searcher  into  Roman  affairs, 
I  niust^  encroach  on  the  favour  of  your 
readers  just  to  state  a  particular  which 
appears  to  have  escaped  our  ancient 
aid  modern  commentators  on  the 
Roman  history  of  Britain.  The 
Comites  Prcelores ,  or  Prefects  for  the 
defence  of  sea  coasts  of  this  island, 
appear  to  have  been  superintended  or 
assisted  by  a  kind  of  Commissary  Ge¬ 
neral,  in  the  Notitia  styled  Procurator 
GynaciiBrituvniSytsVAhWshtd  at  Venta 
Relgarum ,  Winchester;  who  had  the 
office  of  erecting  edifices  for  the  re¬ 
sidence  of  these  virorum  illustrium 
spectabilium  of  the  hand  of  the  ex- 
ploratores.  Panciroius  Notit.  c.  38, 
Gynecia  texendis  principis  militumque 
vesiibuSy  naviumque  ve/is ,  slragulisr 
linteis,  et  aliis  ad  insxruendas  man* 
sioxes  necessariis;  they  furnished 
ali  kinds  of  military  and  naval  equip, 
presiding  over  the  artificers  which 
were  attached  to  tile  Roman  legions, 
and  in  which  were  included  those fabri 
of  the  beautiful  liiliostrata ,  or  tesse- 
lated  pavements,  found  in  various 
parts  of  Ihis  island,  and  the  Roman 
Empire,  near  their  stations,  and  the 
mansions  ot  the  commanders.  From 
several  inscriptions  in  Gruler,  and  in 
that  celebrated  inscription  in  the  pos¬ 
session  of  the  Duke  of  Richmond, 
discovered  at  Chichester,  published 
by  Roger  Gale,  Esq.  Oct.  31,  1723, 
these  artificers  were  included  under 
the  general  name  of  Fubri ,  for  whom 
colleges  were  established,  at  the  early 
period  of  the  Roman  history  (Plu¬ 
tarch,  vit.  Numas),  and  dedicated  to 
Minerva,  the  goddess  and  patroness 
of  arts  and  sciences,  comprehending 
the  Fabri  ferrarii,  lignarii ,  tignariiy 
materiality  nevafes.  Jas.  Douglas. 

Bio- 


ISift.]  Biographical  Sketch  of  Dr.  Archibald  Maclaine  109 


Biographical  Sketch  of 
The  Rev.  Archieald  Maclaine,  D.D. 

[From  Mr.  Warner’s  Letter  to  the 
Lord  Bishop  of  Gloucester ;  see  p.144.] 

DR.  Maclaine  wa9  of  an  ancient 
and  respectable  Scotch  family, 
but  born  at  Monaclan,  in  Ireland, 
1723,  where  his  father  was  a  minister. 
He  had  the  misfortune  to  lose  his 
mother,  when  he  was  seven,  and  his 
father  when  he  was  seventeen,  years 
of  age.  After  having  completed  his 
education  at  Glasgow/,  he  accepted  an 
invitation  to  Holland  from  his  ma¬ 
ternal  uncle,  ana  went  to  that  country 
at  the  age  of  20.  From  this  relation 
he  experienced  every  kindness  and 
attention  ;  and,  on  his  decease,  suc¬ 
ceeded  to  the  situation  which  his  uncle 
had  fiiied,  that  of  Minister  to  the 
English  Church  at  the  Hague.  In 
this  respectable  station  he  continued 
for  upwards  of  half  a  century,  asso¬ 
ciating  with  ihe  great,  the  elegant, 
and  the  learned;  befriending  the  poor, 
the  wretched,  and  the  distressed  *  ad¬ 
mired  for  his  talents,  beloved  for  his 
virtues,  and  reverenced  for  his  piety. 
During  this  interval  he  made  two 
journeys  into  England  ;  one,  in  the 
year  17  60,  when  he  came  over  with 
a  Dutch  Burgomaster,  his  friend,  and 
was  present  the  coronation  of  his 
present  Majesty  ;  and  another  in  1788. 
His  publications  were  not  numerous, 
but  exquisite  in  their  kind,  and  highly 
useful  and  important  in  their  tendency. 
His  two  volumes  of  Sermons,  whether 
we  consider  their  composition  or 
their  theology,  are  above  all  praise. 
In  1765,  he  immortalized  himself  as 
an  author,  by  a  translation  of  Mo- 
Sheim’s  Ecclesiastical  History,  en¬ 
riched  with  notes  and  appendixes,  full 
of  learning  and  ingenuity  ;  and  in 
£777,  gave  to  the  world  a  series  of 
admirable  Letters,  addressed  to  Soame 
Jenyns,  esq.  on  his  Defence  of  Chris¬ 
tianity,  a  work  which  exhibited  “  a 
singular  mixture  of  piety,  wit,  error, 
wisdom,  and  paradox,  and  was  founded 
upon  principles  which  Would  lead  men 
either  to  scepticism  or  enthusiasm, 
according  to  their  different  disposi¬ 
tions.”  independently  of  these  lite¬ 
rary  works,  he  published  a  letter  or 
dialogue  in  French  (for  I  am  not  cer¬ 
tain  which)  on  the  iniquitous  partition 
ot  Poland;  a  composition  of  such  ex¬ 
quisite  irony,  and  pointed  severity,  as 
excited  the  keenest  curiosity  in  Fre¬ 


derick  to  discover  its  author;  and  (as 
Dr.  Maclaine  told  me  himself)  gave 
that  monarch  more  disturbance  than 
all  his  military  checks  by  Laudohn  or 
Daun. 

/The  situation  which  Dr.  Maclaine 
filled  at  the  Hague  ;  his  acknowledged 
talents, and  general  excellence, brought 
him  into  contact  with  many  of  the 
most  exalted  and  celebrated  charae 
ters  in  Europe;  an  advantage  which, 
seconded  by  acute  observation,  and 
an  intimate1  knowledge  of  human  na¬ 
ture,  had  stored  his  mind  with  an  in¬ 
exhaustible  fund  ot  interesting  anec¬ 
dotes.  A  few  of  these  recur  to  mv 
recollection  at  this  moment,  which 
may  probably  not  be  unacceptable 
to  the  Reader. 

The  first  stroke  of  the  French  Revo- 
lution  in  Holland,  the  Doctor  ob¬ 
served,  threw  the  Prince  of  Orange 
into  despair;  from  which  he  could 
only  be  rouzed  by  the  exhortations 
and  examp’e  of  the  Princess  his  wife, 
a  woman  of  sttong  understanding, 
and  intrepid  mind.  In  the  troubles 
of  1787,  she  evinced  the  greatest 
talents,  and  most  undaunted  spirit. 
When  she  came  from  Nimeguen  to 
the  Hague,  to  treat  win  the  States, 
she  was  thought  to  have  a  double  plan 
in  view,  in  the  first  place,  that  of 
succeeding  in  the  re-establishment  of 
her  husband,  if  the  Orange  party 
should  he  sufficiently  strong;  but,  if 
this  scheme  should  be  thwarted,  her 
other  hope  was,  that,  if  any  insult 
should  be  offered  to  her,  her  brother, 
the  King  of  Prussia,  might  be  rouzed 
by  the  indignity  to  act  strenuously  in 
her  defence.  The  latter  proved  to  be 
the  case  ;  insults  were  offered  to  her  ; 
she  was  not  permitted  to  enter  the 
Hague;  and  the  King  of  Prussia  de¬ 
termined  to  revenge  her.  The  part 
he  took,  by  means  of  the  Duke  of 
Brunswick,  is  well  known.  A  little 
before  she  came  from  Nimeguen  to 
the  Hague,  Mr.  Gohm,  secretary  to 
Sir  James  Harris,  and  a  particular 
triend  of  Dr.  Maclaine,  called  upon 
him  one  morning,  and  said,  “  The 
Princess  will  be  here  in  a  week  or  ten 
days,  but  it  is  a  very  great  secret  /” 
The  Doctor  thought  there  was  some¬ 
thing  singular  and  ambiguous  in  his 
manner  of  say  ing  the  words,  and  re¬ 
plied,  “What  do  you  mean?  Is  it 
such  a  secret  that  I  must  not  speak  of 
it  to  any  one  ?”  “  Most  assuredly,” 

returned  Gohm,  “  it  is  a  very  groat 

secret ; 


110  Biographical  Sketch  of  Dr,  Archibald  Maclaine.  [Aug. 


secret;  you  must  not  speak  of  it  to 
any  one,  unless,  indeed,  to  any  of 
your  particular  friends “  What 
do  you  mean  by  particular  friends?” 
“  Oh,  1  don’t  know  ;  any  good  sort  of 
people.”  “  In  short,”  continued  Dr. 
Maclaine,  “  I  found,  at  last,  that  I 
"was  to  he  the  trumpeter .” 

The  Doctor  had  a  fine  ear,  aud  na¬ 
tural  taste  for  music;  hut  he  told  me 
that  he  had  rarely  heard  any  till 
nearly  at  man’s  estate,  except  the 
popular  Irish  air  of  Aleen-a-roon,  and 
a  few  of  the  Scotch  melodies,  when 
he  was  at  Glasgow.  At  the  Hague 
he  had  frequent  opportunities  of 
musical  gratification  ;  though  the 
Dutch  themselves  have  little  feeling 
for  vocal  or  instrumental  harmony. 
The  organs  in  their  churches  are, 
notwithstanding,  remarkably  fine; 
that  at  Haarlem,,  the  best  perhaps 
in  the  world.  It  cost  between  ten  and 
fifteen  thousand  pounds.  The  first 
time  he  ever  heard  music  in  perfec¬ 
tion  was  at  the  Hague,  when  Handel 
went  thither,  to  attend  the  Princess 
of  Orange,  daughter  of  George  the 
Second.  This  celebrated  musician 
performed  voluntaries  before  her,  on 
the  organ,  at  the  great  church,  once 
or  twice  a  week  ;  to  which  she  was 
accustomed  to  invite  all  the  noblesse, 
the  foreign  ministers,  and  the  clergy. 
The  Doctor  described  hitnseif  as  per¬ 
fectly  transported  at  the  performance; 
experiencing  sensations  of  delight, 
which  he  had  no  conception  it  was  in 
the  power  of  harmony  to  produce, 
lie  was  expressing  his  pleasure  one 
day  to  Dr.  Burney,  and  added,  “  in¬ 
deed  I  am  always  powerfully  affected 
by  Church  music;”  to  which  Burney 
immediately  replied,  “  Sir,  there  is 
no  other  music .” 

The  Doctor  used  to  speak  highly 
of  Monsieur  de  Saizas,  who  was  his 
particular  friend,  and  whom  he  de¬ 
scribed  as  a  man  of  the  first  informa¬ 
tion  and  integrity.  Sprung  from  a 
noble  family  in  Switzerland,  but  very 
limited  in  his  circumstances,  Saizas 
was  compelled  to  adopt  the  line  of 
tuition,  and  became  preceptor  to 
the  sons  of  a  considerable  person  in 
Holland,  who  was  afterwards  minister 
from  the  States  General  to  the  British 
Court.  At  the  Hag  ue,  Saizas  was 
known  to  Lord  Holderness  while  he 
was  minister  there  ;  and  became  his 
private  secretary.  When  his  Lordship 
was  afterwards  made  preceptor  to  the 


Prince  of  Wales  (in  the  first  establish¬ 
ment  of  his  Royal  Highness,  which 
was  soon  changed),  Saizas  was  sub¬ 
preceptor,  and  the  person  appointed 
to  sleep  in  the  apartmenf  of  the  Prince 
and  Duke  of  York,  ana  to  be  con¬ 
stantly  with  them.  On  the  resignation 
of  Lord  Holderness,  however,  Saizas 
gave  up  his  appointment  also,  and 
could  not  be  prevailed  upon  to  remain 
without  his  patron. 

When  Dr.  Maclaine  came  to  Eng¬ 
land  in  1TS8  (being  desirous  of  living 
privately),  he  declined  going  to  Court, 
or  being  presented  to  the  King.  He 
went,  however,  to  Windsor ;  and,  while 
walking  on  the  terrace  with  his  frjend 
Lord  Dover,  met  his  Majesty.  The 
King  immediately  addressed  him,  and 
asked  many  questions  respecting  Hol¬ 
land,  which  had  been  a  scene  of  great 
agitation  during  the  pseceding  year. 
In  the  course  of  conversation,  his 
Majesty  said,  “  Dr.  Maclaine,  you  are 
acquainted  with  a  very  valuable  friend 
of  mine,  Monsieur  de  Saizas;”  and 
after  having  inquired  after  his  health, 
and  manner  of  life,  added,  “  I  have 
written  him  many  letters  to  persuade 
him  to  return  to  me,  but  he  always 
declines  it.”  The  Doctor  said,  he 
was  rather  surprized  at  that,  as  Mon¬ 
sieur  de  Saizas  always  spoke  of  his 
Majesty  with  the  highest  respect  and 
attachment.  The  King  immediately 
replied,  “  I  am  glad  to  hear  you  say 
so;  it  gives  me  great  pleasure  to  find 
that  he  retains  the  same  affection  for 
me,  that  I  shall  always  bear  towards 
him.” 

Sir  Francis  DTvernois  was  well 
known  to  Dr.  Maclaine,  through  an 
introductory  letter  from  the  late  Lord 
Lansdown,  which,  when  he  was  tra¬ 
velling  with  Mr.Whi  thread,  he  brought 
to  the  Doctor  at  the  Hague.  DTver¬ 
nois  came  over  to  England  with  a  pro¬ 
posal  to  Government,  that  the  emi¬ 
grants  from  Geneva  should  be  received 
and  settled  in  Ireland.  A  town  was 
actually  built  for  them  near  the  Mar¬ 
quis  of  Waterford’s  estate,  but  the 
plan  did  not  succeed.  Sir  Francis, 
on  his  return,  visited  Dr.  Maclaine, 
and  then  prophesied  to  him,  that  the 
French  Government  would  be  over¬ 
turned  from  its  foundations  before 
two  years  were  expired.  The  Doctor 
asked,  “  what  they  would  put  in  its 
place?”  “  A  limited  monarchy,  like 
that  of  England,”  was  DTvernois’ 
answer.  This  opinion  Sir  Francis  had 

/  formed 


IS  18.]  Biographical  Sketch  of  Dr.  Archibald  Maclaine.  1 1 1 


formed  in  France;  for  when  he  was 
there  in  1T86  and  1787,  he  had  been 
much  at  the  Palais  Royal,  and,  from 
frequent  intercourse  with  Rabaut  de 
St.  Etienne,  Condorcet,  and  others,  as 
well  as  the  Due  de  Orleans,  had  dis¬ 
covered  that  they  were  arranging  the 
plan  of  revolution,  and  preparing 
every  thing  for  a  reformation  of  that 
government  upon  the  above-men¬ 
tioned  plan.  Sir  Francis  was  on  the 
democratic  side,  in  the  time  of  the 
great  contest  at  Geneva  some  years 
ago.  De  Luc  also  favoured  the  same 
party  at  first ;  but  soon  changed  his 
opinion,  and  thought  them  more  to 
blame  than  the  aristocrats.  D’lvernois, 
however,  remained  still  attached  to 
them,  and  it  was  with  a  party  of  these 
Genevan  democrats  that  he  came  into 
Ireland.  An  establishment  of  Gene¬ 
vese  in  that  country  was,  at  first, 
deemed  very  desirable,  as  it  held 
out  the  prospect  that  their  industry, 
skill,  and  activity,  might  animate  and 
civilize  the  Irish;  why  it  did  not  suc¬ 
ceed,  Dr.  M.  was  ignorant.  D’lver¬ 
nois  came  afterwards  into  England, 
where  he  offered  himself,  and  was 
employed,  as  a  travelling  tutor,  an 
office  for  which,  Dr.  M.  said,  he  was 
admirably  calculated.  Handsome  in 
person,  accomplished  in  manner,  of 
high  breeding,  and  deep  information, 
he  was  sure  of  success.  To  ail  this 
he  added  a  fine  understanding,  great 
classical  taste,  profound  political  know¬ 
ledge,  and  an  elegant  style  of  writing. 
The  last  talent  he  exercised  success¬ 
fully  in  theservice  of  Mr.  Pitt, through 
whose  interest  he  became  a  baronet. 

Dr.  Maclaine  had  in  his  possession 
a  large  collection  of  King  William’s 
Letters  to  the  Grand  Pensionary  Hein¬ 
ous.  He  said,  they  impressed  him 
with  the  highest  idea  of  the  probity, 
candour,  moderation,  and  simplicity 
of  that  Monarch’s  mind.  Their  style 
is  pithy  and  laconic ;  and  the  letters 
concise,  seldom  longer  than  a  page 
and  a  half,  but  inconceivably  clear 
and  intelligent.  The  collection  was  in 
the  hands  of  a  descendant  of  Heinsius, 
who  had  five  copies  of  them  tran¬ 
scribed  for  the  purpose  of  presenting 
them  to  several  distinguished  persons. 
He  accordingly  did  present  them  to 
the  Stadtholder,  the  Duke  of  Bruns¬ 
wick,  and  someone  else;  and  intended 
another  copy  for  Count  Bentinck  (the 
old  Count  de  Roone,  who  was  ia 


England  in  1770,  to  visit  his  younger 
son  Capt.  John  Bentinck).  This  no¬ 
bleman,  however,  died  on  the  very 
day  the  papers  were  to  be  put  int* 
his  hands :  and  the  descendant  of  Heiti- 
sius  made  them  a  present  to  Dr.  Mac¬ 
laine.  The  Doctor  wished  much  to 
complete  the  collection,  by  procuring 
copies  of  the  answers  likewise,  which 
are  in  theKing’s  library  atKensmgton; 
and  when  he  came  over  from  the 
Hague  in  1788,  with  Lord  Dover,  he 
asked  his  Lordship,  whether  it  would 
not  be  possible  to  get  a  sight  of  these 
papers.  “  Oh,  no  !”  replied  Lord  D. 
“  you  are  too  late  ;  his  Majesty  is  so 
offended  with  the  use  which  Dalrymple 
made  of  the  papers  that  he  saw,  that 
he  is  determined  the  collection  shall 
never  again  be  seen  by  any  one.” 

Dr.  Maclaine  dined  with  Dr.  Mark¬ 
ham,  Archbishop  of  York,  just  before 
the  marriage  of  the  Archbishop’s 
daughter  with  the  Earl  of  Mansfield. 
While  they  were  at  table,  a  letter 
was  brought  to  his  Grace  from  his 
former  pupil,  the  Prince  of  Wales,  to 
congratulate  him  on  the  approaching 
marriage  of  his  daughter,  and  written 
in  terms  of  so  much  tenderness  and 
affection  (like  the  letter  of  a  son 
a  father),  that  the  good  old  man  ab¬ 
solutely  shed  tears  on  perusing  it. — 
Upon  another  occasion,  also,  the  be¬ 
haviour  of  the  Prince  was  equally 
condescending  and  kind  to  the  Arch¬ 
bishop.  His  Royal  Highness  had 
written  to  him  to  request  the  presen¬ 
tation  of  a  living,  then  vacant,  to  one 
of  hisfriends.  The  Archbishop  replied, 
with  great  concern,  that  it  was  already 
promised;  but  added  an  assurance  that 
his  Royal  Highness  might  command 
the  next  piece  of  preferment  that 
should  fall,  of  equal  value.  This 
letter  the  Prince  answered,  by  return 
of  post,  in  the  highest  expressions  of 
regard,  requesting  the  Archbishop  not 
to  make  himself  uneasy,  at  beiug  un¬ 
able  to  comply  with  his  request;  and 
only  begged  him  (in  a  very  delicate 
manner)  to  remember  the  friend  he 
had  recommended,  on  a  future  occa¬ 
sion.  Accordingly,  when  the  next 
great  living  in  the  Archbishop’s  gift 
became  vacant,  his  Grace  immediately 
presented  it  to  the  gentleman  in  ques¬ 
tion ;  and  the  Prince  as  speedily  ac¬ 
knowledged  the  obligation,  in  another 
letter,  couched  in  the  most  grateful 
and  affectionate  terms. 


Mr. 


112  Gypsy's  Tomb  at  Caine.— B.  Keach  ?— Shakspeare  ?-  [Aug, 


Mr.  Urban,  April  12. 

N  the  Church-yard  of  Caine,  Wiits, 
is  a  Tomb  (generally  designated 
by  the  title  of  The  Gypsy's  Tomb), 
erected  to  the  memory  of  “  Inverto 
Boswell,”  who  is  said  to  have  been  a 
Prince,  or  (at  least)  the  Son  of  “  the 
King  of  the  Gypsies.”  It  is  a  hand¬ 
some  square  Tomb,  erected  in  a  cor¬ 
ner  close  to  one  of  the  entrances  to 
the  Church,  enclosed  with  a  dwarf 
wall  and  iron  railing,  with  a  covering 
or  sort  of  canopy  over  it.  It  was,  for 
many  years  after  its  erection,  paid 
great  attention  to,  by  persons  being 
•sent  as  often  as  occasion  required  to 
keep  the  enclosed  ground  dear  from 
weeds,  and  the  ironwork,  &c.  regu¬ 
larly  painted  ;  but  it  has  for  some 
years  past  been  quite  neglected  ;  and 
having  seen  it  within  these  few  days, 
I  regretted  much  its  altered  appear¬ 
ance;  on  one  side  it  has  the  follow¬ 
ing  inscription : 

“  Under  this  Tomb  lieth  the  body  of 
Inverto  Boswell,  Son  of  Henry  and  Eli¬ 
zabeth  Boswell,  who  departed  this  life 
the  8th  day  of  February  1774,  aged  36. 

“  The  Lord  gave,  and  the  Lord  hath 
taken  away  :  blessed  be  the  Name  of  the 
Lord.” 

There  Is  an  abbreviated  inscription 
of  the  same  import  at  the  head  of 
the  Tomb,  with  four  lines  of  poetry 
underneath,  which  I  was  not  able  to 
transcribe.  Perhaps  some  of  ypur  nu¬ 
merous  readers  will  be  able  to  give 
intelligence  of  this  Family,  and  whe¬ 
ther  they  did  belong  to  that  singular 
frace  of  people,  which  has  been  on  the 
wane  for  many  years,  and  of  whom 
so  few  authors  have  been  able  to  give 
any  accurate  account. 

I  do  not  recollect  ever  having  seen 
an  Engraving  or  View  of  Caine  Church 
and  Tower;  which  1  am  the  more 
surprized  a,t,  as  they  are  really  objects 
worthy  the  notice  of  an  artist,  from 
their  beauty  and  magnitude  ;  and 
Mr.  Britton,  though  a  native  of  the 
County,  and  born,  I  believe,  within 
six  miles  of  the  place,  has  not  given 
them  a  place,  either  in  the  “Beauties 
of  Wiltshire,”  or  that  portion  of 
“  England  and  Wales”  of  which  he 
was  the  Editor,  although  views  of 
minor  interest  have  been  given  in 
both,  I  much  regret  that  I  am  not 
able  to  send  you  a  drawing  ;  hut  I 
hope  this  remark  will  not.  be  un¬ 
attended  to,  l)y  any  one  who  may 


have  the  opportunity  and  ability  to 
do  it.  J .  B. 


Mr.  Urban,  Alton ,  June  21. 

N  the  course  of  my  peregrinations 
last  Summer,  I  accidentally  met 
with  a  large  folio  volume,  of  which, 
as  the  opportunity  afforded  me  gave 
only  a  transient  view,  1  shall  be  glad 
to  obtain  some  account  from  any  of 
your  intelligent  Bibliographical  corre¬ 
spondents.  The  title,  to  the  best  of  my 
recollection,  was  “  TPOTIOAOTIA, 
or  a  Key  to  open  Scripture  Meta¬ 
phors,  by  B.  K.”  (in  another  part  of 
the  Volume  the  name  appears  at 
length,  B.  Keach ),  “  London,  printed 
by  J.  D.  for  Enoch  Prosser  at  the 
Hose  and  Crown  in  Sweeting's  Alley, 
1681.”  This  title-page  I  copied  or 
noted  at  the  time,  and  find  in  my  me¬ 
morandum  book,  the  following  re- 
mark  annexed: — “  Amongst  much 
good  sense  and  piety,  the  author 
sometimes  provokes  a  smile  by  his 
quaint  phraseology;  —  in  one  place, 
says,  that  the  Deity  is  not  displeased 
with  those  who  look  asquint  at  him  ; 
and  in  another  that  our  blessed  Saviour, 
although  a  Physician,  was  bo  disinter¬ 
ested,  that  he  never  took  a  penny  of 
all  those  he  cured,”  &c.  Perhaps 
some  of  your  Readers  will  indulge 
my  curiosity  by  a  farther  account  of 
Mr*  Keach,  and  his  performances: 
and  inform  me  if  the  Book  above- 
mentioned  be  held  in  any  estimation, 
either  on  account  of  its  intrinsic  me¬ 
rit  or  scarcity. 

I  would  farther  trouble  those  who 
may  be  able  to  solve  my  doubts  to 
inform  me,  which  were  the  first  plays 
of  Shakespeare  that  appeared  pub¬ 
lished  together  in  a  small  quarto. 
Many  years  ago  I  remember  to  have 
seen  such  a  volume,  and  that  it  con¬ 
tained  the  Merchant  of  Venice,  but 
what  other  plays  I  have  entirely  for¬ 
gotten  :  though  I  am  inclined  to  be¬ 
lieve  that  the  book  would  be  esteem¬ 
ed  very  curious  and  valuable  if  I 
could  again  discover  it.  From  cir¬ 
cumstances  of  no  consequence  in  this 
relation,  I  think  that  it  had  been  in 
the  hands  of  a  Staffordshire  family, 
connected  with  that  of  the  great 
Bard;  and  it  would  scarcely  exceed 
probability  if  I  ventured  to  conjec¬ 
ture,  that  it  might  have  been  a  pre¬ 
sent  from  Shakespeare  himself  to  the 
ancestor  of  the  gentleman  whose  col¬ 
lection  at  his  decease  fell  into  my 

bands, 


•  ,  f 

i 


•  ■' 


' 

i 


* 


/ 


- 


*. 


&  entMcu/.  Awj  .181 3.  PL  II. p.) 


A  Deer  hunter. 


Publish  d  byJ.Mchols  Jc CfMa.rck16.18lS, 


113 


Account  of  a  celebrated  Deer-hunter . 


1818.] 

hands,  but  of  the  value  of  which, 
being  then  very  young,  I  was  incapa¬ 
ble  of  making  a  due  estimate.  It  was, 
I  can  recollect,  bound  in  black  lea¬ 
ther,  figured  or  embossed  on  the  lids, 
and  with  very  strong  bands  at  the 
back;  the  edges  appeared  to  have 
been  red,  and  the  type  was  coarse 
and  clumsy.  x  Q-  Q- 

Mr.  Urban,  Aug.  2. 

THE  entertaining  extracts  in  your 
last,  p.  51,  from  the  •“  History 
of  Cranbourne  Chace,”  induce  me  to 
believe  that  another  remarkable  pas¬ 
sage  from  the  same  work,  if  accom¬ 
panied  by  an  illustrative  Plate,  ( see 
flute  II.)  will  be  acceptable  to  your 
Headers.  M.  Green. 

**  Those  who  have  been  Readers  of  the 
late  Edition  of  Mr.  Hutchins’s  History 
of  the  County  of  Dorset,  must  have  ob¬ 
served  the  Portrait  of  a  Deer-hunter  there 
exhibited,  which  must  have  raised  some 
little  curiosity  to  be  informed  of  the  par¬ 
ticulars  respecting  it. 

“  It  is  very  justly  observed  in  Mr. 
Hutchins’s  Work  that  clandestine  Deer¬ 
hunting  in  those  days  was  not  deemed  a 
disgrace;  that  many  respectable  persons 
followed  the  nocturnal  amusement  (for 
such  it  was)  ;  and,  if  discovered,  had 
thirty  pounds  in  their  pockets  to  pay 
the  penalty,  and  were  then  at  liberty  to 
repeat  their  sports  the  following  night 
if  they  chose  to  venture. 

“  I  had  an  uncle  much  addicted  to 
this  sport,  but  being  in  general  a  little 
too  free  with  his  potations  after  dinner, 
he  was  too  venturous  at  night,  and  so 
often  detected,  and  so  many  penalties 
paid,  that  his  elder  brother  put  a  stop 
to  his  career  in  good  time.  But  the 
amusement  was  persisted  in  until  an  Act 
of  Parliament  passed  that  made  a  secpnd 
offence  felony,  which  not  only  caused  the 
abandoning  of  the  nocturnaldiversion,but 
converted  the  names  of  the  sportsmen, 
fromDeer-hunters  to  thatof  Deer-stealers. 

“  The  person  represented  in  the  Por¬ 
trait  was  a  gentleman  of  rare  endow¬ 
ments  both  of  mind  and  body,  and  his 
society  was  courted  by  maqy  persons  of 
distinction.  He  was  an  adept  in  the 
mystery  and  science  of  every  kind  of 
field  sporting,  except  hunting,  in  which 
he  seldom  joined,  not  having  a  taste  for 
horsemanship.  In  his  younger  days  he 
was  the  chief  leader  of  the  band  of  Deer- 
hunters  before  mentioned;  and  the  Por¬ 
trait  exhibits  him  in  the  dress  they  all 
wore  when  pursuing  their  nightly  sports, 
which  was  denominated  Cap  and  Jack. 

Gent.  Mag.  August ,  1818. 


(<  The  Cap  was  formed  with  wreaths 
of  straw  tightly  bound  together  with 
split  bramble  sfa!ks,  the  workmanship 
much  the  same  as  that  of  the  common 
bee-hives. 

“  The  Jacks  were  made  of  the  strong¬ 
est  canvas,  well  quilted  with  wool,  to 
guard  against  the  heavy  blows  of  the 
quarter-staffs,  weapons  which  were  much 
used  in  those  days ;  and  the  management 
of  them  requiring  great  dexterity,  there 
were  teachers  of  the  art,  the  same  as 
that  for  the  use  of  the  broad  sword  at 
this  time. 

“  The  Portrait  has  a  strong  likeness  in 
features  to  the  person  it  represents,  whom 
I  well  knew  in  the  early  parts  of  my  life, 
and  to  whom  1  have  had  the  great  plea¬ 
sure  of  listening  for  many  hours,  for  his 
converse  was  exactly  congenial  to  my 
own  feelings  and  propensities.  Very 
many  stories  and  anecdotes  of  his  own 
exploits  and  performances  in  the  sporting 
way  Were  truly  acceptable;  he  found  me 
to  be  an  apt  disciple  of  such  a  teacher, 
and  it  made  such  an  impression  on  my 
tender  mind  as  the  length  of  time  hath 
not  worn  out. 

“  But,  before  1  bring  forward  these 
little  tales,  I  shall  give  a  further  account 
of  the  Gentleman  who  was  the  author 
of  them.  I  have  before  said  that  he 
was  a  person  of  rare  endowments,  and  1 
shall  now  add  of  accomplishments  of 
various  kinds  also.  I  believe  he  had  no 
classical  learning;  but  was  thoroughly 
versed  in  history,  not  only  of  his  own 
country,  but  that  of  others  also.  Having 
been  blessed  with  a  retentive  memory, 
nothing  which  he  ever  read  was  forgotten 
by  him.  He  had  also  a  natural  taste 
for  poetry,  and  Milton  was  his  favourite 
author,  whose  works,  if  I  may  use  the 
vulgar  exprersion,  he  had  at  his  fingers’ 
end.  When  in  a  good  humour,  and  in¬ 
deed  I  never  saw  him  in  any  other,  he 
quoted  passages  in  Hudibras,  an  admired 
author  in  another  style.  He  was  also  a 
great  proficient  in  music,  well  skilled  in 
the  science,  and  a  good  performer  him¬ 
self  on  various  instruments.  With  such 
accomplishments  as  these,  it  is  no  wonder 
that  his  company  should  be  coveted  by 
persons  of  every  degree.  He  spent  most 
of  his  time  with  Lord  Windsor  at  Moyles 
Court  in  Hampshire,  where  he  was  always 
a  welcome  guest  ;  not  so  much  for  his 
acquirements  which  1  have  just  men¬ 
tioned,  as  for  his  great  skill  in  all  the 
sports  of  the  field,  especially  that  of 
Setting,  of  which  diversion  his  Lordship 
was  passionately  fond;  and  his  guest  un¬ 
derstood  the  breaking-in  of  dogs,  and  the 
management  of  the  nets,  better  perhaps 
at  that  time  than  any  other  person  in 

the 


114 


Compendium  of  the  History  of  Middlesex.  [Aug. 


the  kingdom.  He  was  also  wonderfully 
skilled  in  the  Calling  of  Quails  by  a  pipe 
to  come  under  a  net  spread  for  the  pnr- 
pose,  and  I  have  seen  him  call  three 
cock  quails  close  to  his  feet  at  the  same 
time;  the  very  pipe  by  which  this  feat 
was  performed  is  at  this  time  in  my  pos¬ 
session,  and  in  the  room  in  which  I  am 
now  sitting.  The  pipe  imitated  the 
voice  of  the  hen  quail,  and  the  cocks 


thereby  were  drawn  into  the  loss  of  li¬ 
berty  and  final  destruction  ;  not  an  un¬ 
common  case  with  beings  in  a  much 
higher  sphere  and  rank  in  creation. 
This  Gentleman  was  also  a  much  es* 
teemed  friend  of  my  father’s,  whom  he 
frequently  visited,  which  gave  me  an 
opportunity  of  hearing  his  pleasing  tales, 
imbibing  his  instructions,  and  impress¬ 
ing  them  upon  my  memory.” 


COMPENDIUM  OF  COUNTY  HISTORY. 


MIDDLESEX,  continued. 

MISCELLANEOUS  REMARKS,  concluded  from  p.  13. 

At  Hendon  were  buried  Sir  William  Rawlinson,  commissioner  of  the  great 
seal,  1703  ;  Edward  Fowler,  Bishop  of  Gloucester,  1714;  Charles  Johnson, 
dramatist,  1748  ;  James  Parsons,  physician,  1770;  Edward  Longmore, 
“  Herefordshire  colossus,”  seven  feet  six  inches  high,  1777  ;  Sir  Joseph 
Ayloffe,  antiquary,  1781;  Nathaniel  Hone,  painter,  1784  ;  and  Sarah  Gun- 
dry  (beautiful  epitaph),  1807.  In  the  village  resided  John  Norden,  topo¬ 
grapher;  at  Highwood-hill,  Mrs.  Porter,  tragedian;  and  at  Mill-hill,  Peter 
Collinson,  the  naturalist,  who  was  visited  here  by  Linnasus,  who  planted 
some  trees  in  his  garden.  The  inhabitants  of  Hendon  are  exempt  from  all 
tolls  at  fairs,  markets,  high-ways,  and  bridges,  by  charter,  granted  by  Edward 
the  Confessor,  1066,  confirmed  by  several  succeeding  sovereigns,  and  finally 
by  William  and  Mary  1692. 

Heston.  Osterley-house  was  built  in  1577  by  that  patriotic  merchant 
Sir  Thomas  Gresham,  who  here  entertained  Elizabeth  most  sumptuously. 
It  was  afterwards  the  residence  of  Sir  Edward  Coke,  when  attorney-general ; 
the  parliamentarian  general  Sir  William  Waller,  till  his  death  in  1668  ;  and 
the  projector,  Dr.  Nicholas  Barbon.  It  was  rebuilt  in  1760,  by  Francis  Child, 
Esq.  (length  140  feet  by  117)  and  contains  many  valuable  paintings,  and  an 
excellent  library. 

In  Highgate  chapel  were  buried,  William  Platt,  founder  of  fellowships  in 
St.  John’s  College,  Cambridge,  1637  ;  Sir  Francis  Pemberton,  chief  justice, 
1699;  Lewis  Atterbury,  divine,  brother  of  the  bishop,  1731.  The  great  lord 
chancellor,  Bacon,  died  at  the  Earl  of  Arundel’s  house,  in  this  town,  April  19, 
1626,  and  the  famous  Dr.  Henry  Sacheverel  at  his  own  residence  here  June  5, 
1724.  Here  also  resided  Sir  Richard  Baker,  author  of  “  Chronicle  Sir  Henry 
Blount,  traveller  in  Turkey  ;  and  Sir  John  Pettus,  mineralogist.  The  bur¬ 
lesque  nugatory  oath  imposed  on  strangers  at  the  public-houses  in  this  town 
is  well  known.  Here  is  a  school,  with  a  synagogue  attached,  for  the  children 
of  Jews,  Hyman  Hurwitz,  master.  There  are  generally  about  100  pupils. 

At  Hillingdon  were  buried  William  Munsey,  benefactor,  1665  ;  and  John 
Rich,  patentee  of  Covent  Garden  theatre,  inventor  of  the  English  harlequin 
(who  resided  at  Cowley-grove),  1761.  John  Lightfoot  the  botanist  was  mi¬ 
nister  of  Uxbridge  in  this  parish. 

Hornsey  was  the  rectory  of  Thomas  Westfield,  afterwards  Bishop  of  Bristol,; 
Dr.  Lewis  Atterbury,  brother  of  the  Bishop  of  Rochester  ;  and  W illiam  Cole, 
the  Cambridge  antiquary.  Iu  the  church  was  buried  Samuel  Buckley,  editor 
of  Thuanus,  1741.  The  learned  Dr.  John  Lightfoot  composed  part  of  his 
Biblical  criticisms  in  this  village. 

in  Hounslow  chapel  were  buried  Henry  Elsynge,  writer  on  parliaments, 
1654  ;  and  Whitlocke  Bulstrode,  author  on  transmigration,  1724. 

In  Ickenram  church  is  a  monument  by  Banks  for  John  George  Clarke,  bar¬ 
rister,  who  died  in  1800. 

Isleworth  was  the  vicarage  of  John  Hall,  martyr,  1535  ;  Nicholas  By  field, 
Calvinistic  cojnmentator  ;  and  Dr.  William  Cave,  author  of  “  Historia  Lite- 
raria.”  Here  were  buried,  Anne  Dash,  foundress  of  alms-houses  (monument 
by  Halfpenny,  cost  500/.),  1750;  Richard  Blyke,  topographical  collector  for 
Herefordshire,  1775  ;  and  its  native,  George  Keate,  poet,  (monument  by 

Nollekens, 


115 


1818.]  Compendium  of  the  History  of  Middlesex. 

Nollekens)  1797.  Here  resided  George  Calvert,  Lord  Baltimore,  original 
grantee  of  Maryland;  Sir  Ralph  Winwood,  author  of  “  Memorials;”  Sir 
William  Noy,  attorney-general ;  its  native,  Dorothy  Countess  of  Sunder¬ 
land,  the  “  Sacharissa”  of  Waller;  Samuel  Clarke,  biographer,  who  died 
here  1682;  Francis  Willis,  grammarian;  Charles  Talbot,  Duke  of  Shrews¬ 
bury,  who  at  the  same  time  was  lord  chamberlain  of  the  household,  lord  high 
treasurer  of  England,  and  lord  lieutenant  of  Ireland,  died  here  1718;  the 
Duchess  of  Kendal,  mistress  of  George  I. ;  Pulteney,  Earl  of  Bath,  the 
opponent  of  Walpole  ;  and  the  late  right  honourable  Richard  Brinsley  She¬ 
ridan.  There  is  an  Observatory  in,  the  grounds  of  Sion-hill.~SioN-HousE  was 
the  residence  of  the  Protector  Seymour,  Duke  of  Somerset ;  Dudley,  Lord 
Guildford,  and  his  accomplished  and  amiable  wife,  Lady  Jane  Grey;  the 
children  of  Charles  I.  under  the  care  of  Algernon  Percy,  tenth  Earl  of  Nor¬ 
thumberland  ;  and  Queen  Anne,  when  only  Princess  of  Denmark.  In.  the 
vestibule  are  12  columns  and  16  pilasters  of  verd  antique,  a  greater  quantity 
of  this  beautiful  marble  than  in  any  other  building  in  Europe,  cost  27,0OOZ. 

Islington.  Vicars,  Meredith  Hanmer,  chronicler  of  Ireland  ;  and  Dr* 
William  Cave,  author  of  “  Historia  Literaria,”  buried  here  1713  ;  Lecturer, 
Robert  Browne,  founder  of  the  Brownists.  Here  were  also  interred  Richard 
Cloudesley,  benefactor  to  the  parish,  1517 ;  Sir  George  Wharton  and  Sir 
James  Stewart,  killed  by  each  other  in  a  duel,  1609  ;  its  native,  Alice  Lady 
Owen,  foundress  of  almshouses,  1613;  John  Shirley,  biographer  of  Sir  Wal¬ 
ter  Raleigh,  1679  ;  William  Baxter,  author  of  “  Glossarium  Antiquitatum,” 
1723;  Samuel  Humphreys,  poet,  author  of  “  Canons,”  1737  ;  John  Black* 
bourn,  Bishop  of  the  Nonjurors,  editor  of  Bacon,  1741  ;  Robert  Poole, 
institutor  of  the  small-pox  hospital  in  1746,  1752;  Launcelot  Dowbiggen, 
architect  of  the  church  in  1754,  1759  ;  John  Lindsey  ,  nonjuring  divine,  1768; 
John  Hyacinth  de  Magelhaens,  mineralogist,  1790;  Alexander  Aubert,  who 
erected  theobservatory  near  Highbury-house  (in  which  was  the  largest  reflect* 
ing  telescope  ever  made  by  Short),  1805;  its  native,  William  Hawes,  phy¬ 
sician,  founder  of  the  Humane  Society,  1808. — In  this  town  died  John  Bag* 
ford,  typographical  collector,  1716;  Daniel  De  Foe,  author  of  “  Robinson 
Crusoe,”  1731;  Alexander  Cruden,  author  of  “  Concordance,”  1770;  James 
Burgh,  author  of  “  Political  Disquisitions,”  and  Nicholas  Robinson,  phy¬ 
sician,  1775:  Joseph  Collier,  translator  of  the  “Messiah”  and  “Noah,” 
(whose  wife,  translator  of  the  “  Death  of  Abel,”  also  resided  here)  1776;  Hus* 
band  Messiter,  physician,  1785  ;  Isaac  Ritson,  translator  of  “  Hymn  to  Venus,” 
.1789  ;  W.  Pitcairn,  physician,  1791;  George  Marriot,  author  of  “  Poems” 
and  “  Sermons,”  1793  ;  and  Abraham  Newland,  chief  cashier  of  the  Bank  of 
England,  1807. — Colonel  Okey,  the  regicide,  was  a  drayman  in  a  brewhouse 
here. — Samuel  Clarke,  Orientalist,  and  Ezekiel  Tongue,  Protestant  contro¬ 
versialist,  were  schoolmasters  here. — At  the  Red  Lion  public-house  in  Isling- 
ton-road  Thomas  Paine  composed  his  execrable  “  Rights  of  Man.” — Canon- 
bury-house,  rebuilt  by  William  Bolton,  the  last  Prior  of  St.  Bartholomew’s, 
Smithfield,  was  the  seat  of  “  the  rich”  Sir  John  Spencer,  lord  mayor  in  1593  ; 
and  lord  keeper  Coventry.  In  it  lodged  Samuel  Humphreys,  poet,  before- 
mentioned  ;  Ephraim  Chambers,  Cyclopaedist,  who  died  here  1740;  Dr. Oliver 
Goldsmith  ;  and  John  Newbery,  author  of  excellent  books  for  children.  Its 
history  has  been  recorded  by  the  learned  and  estimable  Editor  of  the  Gentle¬ 
man’s  Magazine,  who  was  born  (in  1745)  and  still  resides  in  this  village. 

At  Kensington  were  buried  John  Bullingham,  Bishop  of  Gloucester, 
1598;  Henry  Rich,  Earl  of  Holland,  whose  title  gave  name  to  his  seat  here, 
beheaded  1649  ;  its  vicar,  Thomas  Hodges,  Dean  of  Hereford,  1672  ;  Charles 
Goodall,  president  and  historian  of  the  college  of  physicians,  1712;  Char¬ 
lotte,  Countess  of  Warwick,  widow  of  Addison,  1731;  Bernard  Lens,  minia¬ 
ture  painter,  1741  ;  Richard  Viscount  Molesworth  field-marshal  (saved  the 
Duke  of  Marlborough’s  life  at  Ramillies),  1758  ;  its  vicar,  Dr.  John  Jortin, 
biographer  of  Erasmus,  1770  ;  Martin  Madan,  author  of  “  Thelyphthora,” 
1790;  George  Colman,  dramatist  and  essayist,  1794;  Richard  Warren,  phy¬ 
sician,  1797;  Samuel  Pegge,  author  of  “  Curialia,”  &c.  son  of  the  Antiquary, 
1800;  James  Elphinstone,  philologist,  1809  ;  Major-general  Sir  William 
Ponsonbv,  slain  at  Waterloo,  1815;  and  the  Right  Honourable  George 
Ponsonby,  statesman,  leader  of  the  Opposition,  1817.  —  Here  died  Corm- 

lius 


116  Compendium  of  the  History  of  Middlesex.  [Aug, 

Mu*  Wood,  the  “  Sylvio”  of  the  Tatler,  1T11;  Robert  Nelson,  author  of 
«  Fasts  and  Festivals,”  1714;  and  Robert  Price,  judge,  learned  lawyer,  1732. 
—Here  resided  lord  keeper  Sir  Orlando  Bridgman ;  the  parliamentarian  ge¬ 
neral  Lambert ;  the  brave  William,  first  Earl  Craven  ;  lord  chancellor  He- 
neage  Finch,  Earl  of  Nottingham  ;  lord  chief  justice  Pratt;  the  accomplished 
Boyle,  Earl  of  Burlington  ;  the  traveller  Sir  John  Chardin  ;  and  Dean  Swift, 
who  lodged  here  in  1712. — The  Palace  was  the  favourite  residence  of  all  our 
sovereigns,  excepting  his  present  Majesty,  since  the  Revolution.  Among  its 
numerous  paintings  is  a  fine  collection  of  portraits  by  Holbein.  The  gardens 
are  the  subject  of  a  poem  by  Tickell. — •Holland-house  after  his  marriage 
became  the  property  of  Addison,  who  here  (June  17,  1719)  taught  the  young 
Earl  of  Warwick  “  in  what  peace  a  Christian  can  die.”  It  was  the  residence 
of  the  celebrated  statesman  Fox,  Lord  Holland,  whose  still  more  celebrated 
son,  Charles  James  Fox,  passed  his  early  years  at  this  place.  —  At  Brompton 
was  married,  in  1653,  Henry  Cromwell,  son  of  Oliver,  to  Elizabeth,  daugh¬ 
ter  of  Sir  Francis  Russel.  —  At  Earl’s-court  resided  Sir  Richard  Blackrnore, 
epic  poet  arid  physician  ;  and  John  Hunter,  surgeon. 

At  Kingsbury  Dr.  Goldsmith  lodged  whilst  composing  his  u  History  of 
Animated  Nature.” 

Knigiitsbridge  was  the  residence  of  Seth  Ward,  Bishop  of  Salisbury, 
who  died  here  1689;  William  Penn,  founder  of  Pennsylvania ;  James  Lane, 
Viscount  Lanesborough,  Pope’s  gouty  dancer,  who  died  at  his  house  here, 
now  St.  George’s  hospital,  1724 ;  Elizabeth  Chudleigh,  the  notorious  Duchess 
of  Kingston;  and  Bernard  Lens,  miniature  painture,  who  died  here  1741. 

Newington,  Stoke.  Inhabitants,  Thomas  Sutton,  founder  of  the  Char¬ 
ter-house  ;  Sir  John  Popham,  chief  justice ;  Charles  Fleetwood,  parliament¬ 
arian  general ;  Daniel  De  Foe,  author  of  “  Robinson  Crusoe  Dr.  Isaac 
Watts,  who  died  at  Lady  Abney’s  house  here,  1748;  Adam  Anderson,  com¬ 
mercial  writer  ;  Thomas  Day,  author  of  “  Sandford  and  Merton  ;”  and 
John  Howard,  philanthropist.  —  Here  were  buried  Edward  Massie,  par¬ 
liamentarian  governor  of  Gloucester,  1649;  Thomas  Manton,  its  ejected 
vicar,  voluminous  writer,  1677  ;  Bridget  Fleetwood,  wife  of  the  general, 
and  eldest  daughter  of  Oliver  Cromwell,  1681;  Samuel  Wright,  dissent¬ 
ing  divine,  1746;  Sir  John  Hartopp,  Bart,  (monument  by  Banks),  1762  ; 
and  James  Brown,  who  first  projected  the  “  London  Directory,”  1788. — 
Of  the  Dissenters’  meeting-house  at  Newington  Green  were  ministers,  Hugh 
Worthington;  Dr.  Richard  Price;  Dr.  Thomas  Amory ;  Dr.  Joseph  Towers; 
and  James  Lindsey. 

Northall  was  the  vicarage  of  William  Pierse,  Bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells; 
Dr.  John  Cockburn,  author  of  “  Right  Notions  of  God,”  buried  here  1729  ? 
Samuel  Lisle,  Bishop  of  Norwich,  buried  here  1749  ;  and  Sir  John  Hotham, 
Bishop  of  Clogher.  —  Here  was  also  interred  Dr.  Stephen  Charles  Triboude 
Demainbray,  astronomer  and  electrician,  1782. 

At  Paddington  was  married  William  Hogarth,  <c  great  painter  of  man¬ 
kind,”  to  Jane,  daughter  of  Sir  James  Thornhill,  1729. — Died,  George  Col- 
man,  dramatist  and  essayist,  1794. — Buried,  John  Bushnel,  statuary,  1701  ; 
Joseph  Francis  Nollekens,  painter,  and  Benjamin  Parker,  philosophical 
writer,  1747  ;  Dr.  Abraham  Lemoine,  author  on  Miracles,  1757  ;  Matthew 
Dubourg,  musician,  1767  ;  James  Lacy,  patentee  of  Drury-lane  theatre,  1774 ; 
Francis  Vivares,  engraver,  1780;  George  Barret,  landscape  painter,  1784; 
John  Elliot,  physician,  1787  ;  William  Arminger,  statuary,  1793;  Alexander 
Geddes,  biblical  translator,  1802;  Thomas  Banks,  statuary,  1805;  Lewis 
Schiayonetti,  engraver,  1810.  —  Bayswater  gardens  were  the  residence  of  the 
empiric  Sir  John  Hill,  who  used  there  to  prepare  his  “  Water-dock  essence,” 
and  **  Balsam  of  Honey.”  Mrs.  Kennedy,  the  singer,  died  at  Bayswater  1793* 
Mrs.  Siddons,  the  tragedian,  lives  at  Westbourn-green. 

At  Pancras  were  buried,  Samuel  Cooper,  miniature-painter,  1672;  Abra¬ 
ham  Woodhead,  Roman  Catholic  controversialist,  167S;  Obadiah  Walker, 
writer  against  Luther,  1699;  John  Ernest  Grabe,  editor  of  the  Alexandrian 
Septuagint,  1711;  Jeremy  Collier,  nonjuring  Bishop,  castigator  of  the  stage, 
1726  ;  Edward  Ward,  author  of  the  “  London  Spy,”  1731  ;  Edward  Walpole, 
translator  of  Sannazarhis,  1740;  James  Leoni,  architect,  1746;  Simon  Francis 

Ravenet, 


117 


1818.]  Compendium  of  the  History  of  Middlesex. 

Ravenet,  engraver,  and  Peter  Van  Bleeck,  portrait-painter,  1764;  Abraham 
Langford,  auctioneer  and  dramatist,  1774^  William  Woollett,  engraver,  1785; 
Stephen  Paxton,  musician,  1787 ;  Timothy  Cunningham,  author  of  «  Law 
Dictionary,”  1789  ;  Michael  John  Baptist  Baron  de  Wenzel,  oculist,  1790? 
Mary  Wollstonecraft  Godwin,  author  of  “  Rights  of  Women,”  1797  ;  John 
Walker,  author  of  “  Pronouncing  Dictionary,”  1807 ;  Pascal  de  Paoli, 
Corsican  hero,  1807  ;  the  equivocal  Chevalier  d’Eon,  political  writer,  1810. 
—In  Camden-towu  died  Charles  Dibdin,  song  and  dramatic  writer,  1814. 
—  In  Kentish-town  chapel  was  interred  Charles  Grignion,  engraver,  1810.  In 
Somers-town  Roman  Catholic  chapel  was  buried  the  Princess  ofConde.— 
Among  the  portraits  at  Caen  Wood  is  one  of  its  illustrious  inhabitant  lord 
chief  justice  Mansfield,  who  died  here  1793,  by  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds;  and  a 
head  of  Betterton,  the  actor,  by  the  poet  Pope. 

At  Pinner  were  buried  Sir  Bartholomew  Shower,  author  of  “  Cases”  and 
u  Reports,”  1701;  and  William  Skeuelsby,  aged  118,  1775.  Here  resided 
John  Zephaniah  Holwell,  the  governor  of  Bengal,  who  published  a  narrative 
of  the  sufferings  of  himself  and  his  unhappy  companions  in  the  black-hole  at 
Calcutta. 

At  Poplar  resided  Sir  Richard  Steele.  Here  were  buried  Robert  Ains¬ 
worth,  lexicographer,  1743;  James  Ridley,  author  of  “  Tales  of  the  Genii,” 
1765  ;  his  father  Dr.  Gloster  Ridley,  divine  and  scholar  (epitaph  by  Bishop 
Louth),  1774 ;  and  George  Steevens,  commentator  on  Shakspeare,  (monument 
by  Flaxman,  epitaph  by  Murphy,)  1800. 

At  Riselip  were  buried  Mary,  the  heroic  defender  of  Corfe  Castle,  Dor¬ 
setshire,  wife  of  chief  justice  Sir  John  Banckes,  1661  ;  and  George  Rogers, 
president  of  the  college  of  physicians,  complimented  by  Waller,  1697. 

Sheperton  was  the  rectory  of  William  Grocyne,  the  first  Greek  professor 
at  Oxford  ;  and  Lewis  Atterbury,  brother  of  the  Bishop  of  Rochester. 

Stanmore  Magna  was  the  vicarage  of  Richard  Boyle,  afterwards  Arch¬ 
bishop  of  Tuam. — Here  were  buried  Sir  John  Wolstenholme,  founder  of  the 
church  (monument  by  Nicholas  Stone,  cost  200 /.),  1639;  and  Charles  Hart, 
tragedian,  1683.  At  Stanmore-hill  resided  James  Forbes,  author  of  “  Orien¬ 
tal  Memoirs.”  Dr.  Parr,  on  his  removal  from  Harrow,  kept  a  school  here. 

Stanmore  Parva,  or  Whitchurch,  was  the  rectory  ot  John  Theophilus 
Desaguliers,  experimental  philosopher. —  Canons,  the  princely  seat  of  James 
Brydges,  Duke  of  Chandos,  which  cost  250,000 /.  was  on  his  decease  pulled 
down  and  the  materials  sold  by  auction  in  1747  ;  remarkably  verifying  the 
prophetic  lines  in  Pope’s  epistle  to  Lord  Burlington,  in  which  the  Duke  is 
characterized  under  the  name  of  “  Timon.”  This  satire,  however  elegant 
and  poignant,  is  most  discreditable  to  Pope,  as  the  subject  was  his  friend, 
who,  though  ostentatious,  was  benevolent  and  amiable,  and  whose  taste  in 
music,  there  ridiculed,  is  evinced  in  his  selection  of  Handel,  who  composed 
the  anthems,  and  Pepusch  the  morning  and  evening  services  for  the  church, 
which  was  re-edified  at  his  expence,  and  in  which  he  was  buried  1744.  Here 
were  also  buried  Sir  John  Lake,  secretary  of  state  to  James  I.  1630;  Francis 
Coventry,  author  of  “  Pompey  ttie  Little,”  1754  ;  Alexander  Jacob,  author 
of  “  Peerage,”  1785  ;  Dennis  O’Keliy,  owner  of  the  famous  horse  Eclipse 
(whose  bones  lie  in  Canons  park),  1788;  and  James,  last  Duke  of  Chandos, 1789. 

Stanwell  was  the  vicarage  of  Dr  Bruno  Ryves,  Dean  of  Windsor,  author 
of  “  Mercurius  Rusticus.”  In  the  church  is  a  monument  (by  Nicholas  Stone, 
cost  215/.)  for  Thomas  Lord  Kny  vet,  1622.  Mary,  daughter  of  James  I. 
was  entrusted  to  his  care,  and  Used  at  his  seat  here  in  1607. 

Stepney  was  the  rectory  of  Stephen  Segrave,  Archbishop  of  Armagh  ;  and 
Marmaduke  Lumley,  Bishop  of  Lincoln,  lord  high  treasurer.  The  vicarage 
of  Richard  Fox,  Bishop  of  Winchester,  founder  of  Corpus  Christi  College, 
Oxford  ;  John  Colet,  Dean  of  St.  Paul’s,  founder  of  St.  Paul’s  school ;  Rich¬ 
ard  Pace,  Dean  of  St.  Paul’s,  statesman,  who  was  buried  here  1532  ;  William 
Jerome,  martyr,  1540;  and  William  Greenhili,  commentator  on  Ezekiel.— 
The  Bishops  of  London  had  a  seat  here,  in  which  died  Roger  Niger,  1241  ; 
Ralph  de  Baldock,  1313;  Ralph  de  Stratford,  1355  ;  and  Robert  de  Bray- 
brooke,  1404.— Edward  Russel,  Earl  of  Bedford,  was  here  married  to  the 
lovely  and  accomplished  Lucv  Harrington,  1594, — Here  were  buried  Sir  Henry 

Colet, 


118 


Compendium  of  the  History  of  Middlesex.  [Aug. 

Colet,  father  of  the  Dean,  Lord  Mayor  in  1495  ;  John  Kyte,  Archbishop  of 
Armagh,  1537  ;  Sir  Thomas  Spert,  founder  and  first  Master  of  the  Trinity- 
liouse,  1541  ;  Sir  Owen  Hopton,  Lieutenant  of  the  Tower,  1591  ;  Roger  Crab, 
“  English  hermit,”  1680  ;  William  Clarke,  physician,  author  on  nitre,  1684  ; 
Sir  John  Berry,  admiral,  1689;  his  widow  Rebecca  (pleasing  epitaph),  1696  ; 
Matthew  Mead,  puritan  divine,  father  of  the  physician,  1699  ;  William 
Vickers,  author  of  “  Companion  to  the  Altar,”  1719  ;  Sir  John  Leake,  ad¬ 
miral,  1790;  Martin  Bladen,  translator  of  Cresar,  1746;  John  Entick, 
school-master,  voluminous  writer,  1773  ;  and  Benjamin  Kenton,  who  left 
63,550L  to  charitable  uses  (monument  by  Westmacott),  1800.  Two  ludicrous 
epitaphs  in  the  church-yard  are  noticed  iu  the  Spectator,  No.  518.  Stepney 
was  the  residence  of  Sir  Thomas  Lake,  secretary  of  state  to  James  I. ;  Henry 
first  Marquis  of  W  orcester;  Nathaniel  Bailey,  author  of  “  English  Dictionary;” 
and  its  native  Richard  Mead,  who  first  practised  as  a  physician  in  this  place. 

At  Stratford  Bow,  were  married  Dr.  William  Whitaker,  theologian,  to 
Joan  Fenner,  1591  ;  William  Penkethmau,  comedian,  to  Elizabeth  Hill, 
1714;  and  “  Orator”  John  Henley  to  Mary  Clifford,  1726.  —  In  the  church 
was  buried  Prisca  Coburne,  benefactress,  1701. — Inhabitants,  Edmund  Lord 
Sheffield,  one  of  the  victors  of  the  Spanish  armada;  John  Le  Neve,  author 
of  “  Monumenta  Auglicana,”  and  Samuel  Jebb,  physician.  —  Don  Antonio 
Perez,  Prior  of  Crato,  who  was  crowned  King  of  Portugal  at  Lisbon,  whence 
he  was  soon  expelled  by  Philip  II.  of  Spain,  resided  here  in  1591. 

In  Teddington  were  buried  Sir  Orlando  Bridgman,  lord  keeper,  and  Tho¬ 
mas  Traherne,  its  curate,  author  of  “  Christian  Ethics,”  1674;  Margaret 
Woffington,  actress,  1760;  Dr.  Stephen  Hales,  its  curate  for  51  years,  phi¬ 
losopher,  1761;  Henry  Flitcroft,  architect,  1769;  Paul  Whitehead,  poet, 
1775  ;  and  Richard  Bentley,  poet  and  dramatist,  son  of  the  critic,  1782. — 
Here  resided  Sackville,  Earl  of  Dorset,  lord  treasurer  ;  Dudley,  Earl  of  Lei¬ 
cester,  Elizabeth’s  favourite  ;  William  Penn,  the  quaker  ;  and  Francis  Man¬ 
ning,  poet  and  dramatist. 

Tottenham  was  the  vicarage  of  William  Bates,  nonconformist,  author  of 
“  Harmony  of  the  Attributes;”  and  Edward  Sparke,  author  of  “  Scintilla 
AStaris  and  here  were  buried  William  Bedwell,  its  vicar  and  historian,  1632  ; 
Henry  Hare,  Lord  Colerane,  another  of  its  historians,  1708  ;  Henry  Hare, 
last  Lord  Colerane  of  his  family,  antiquary,  1749  ;  and  Samuel  Hardy,  di¬ 
vine;  answerer  of  Chubb,  1793.  —  Here  died  Hugh  Broughton,  learned  divine, 
1612;  Sir  Abraham  Reynardson,  Lord  Mayor  in  1648,  loyalist,  1661  ;  Sir 
Michael  Foster,  judgt',  law  writer,  1763.  —  Here  also  resided  its  native,  Sir 
Julius  Caesar,  civilian;  Sir  John  Cooke,  secretary  of  state;  and  William 
Baxter,  author  of  “  Glossarium  Antiquitatum,”  who  was  master  of  its  free- 
school. — In  vol.  II.  of  Percy’s  “  Reliques,”  is  a  burlesque  poem  called  the 
“  Turnament  of  Tottenham.”  —  Bruce  castle  was  the  residence  of  Robert 
Bruce,  father  of  the  King  of  Scotland. 

Twickenham  was  the  vicarage  of  Richard  Meggott,  Dean  of  Winchester, 
eloquent  preacher;  Samuel  Pratt,  Dean  of  Rochester;  Daniel  Waterland, 
author  on  the  divinity  of  Christ;  Richard  Terrick,  Bp.  of  London;  and 
George  Costard,  astronomer  and  orientalist. — The  house  in  which  Pope 
resided  for  29  years,  in  which  his  “  Essay  on  Man,”  “  Epistles,”  “  Dunciad,” 
and  great  part  of  his  “  Homer,”  were  composed,  and  in  which  he  died,  is 
pulled  down  ;  and  his  celebrated  cave, 

“  The  Algerian  grot 

Where  nobly  pensive  St.  John  sat  and  thought,” 
dilapidated.  Pope  was  buried  in  the  church,  1744;  and  a  tablet,  erected  by 
him,  commemorates  the  death  of  his  father,  1713;  his  mother,  1733. — Straw¬ 
berry  Hill,  abounding  with  objects  of  high  interest  to  the  lover  of  anti¬ 
quity,  history  ,  or  vertu,  is  fully  described  in  the  works  of  its  late  acute  and 
elegant  possessor,  Horace  Walpole,  Earl  of  Orford,  who  erected  it  on  the 
site  of  a  cottage  in  which  Colley  Cibber  composed  his  comedy  of  “  the  Re¬ 
fusal,”  and  in  which  Talbot,  Bp.  of  Durham,  and  the  French  divine  Pere 
Courayer,  once  resided.  This  “  Castle  of  Otranto”  is  peculiarly  rich  in  aa- 
tient  well-authenticated  portraits;  in  the  works  of  Holbein;  in  the  finest  mi¬ 
niatures  aud  enamels  of  the  Olivers,  Pelitot,  andZincke;  and  in  such  curio¬ 
sities  as  the  armour  of  Francis  I.  of  France,  the  Cardinal’s  hat  ofWolsey,  and 


1818.]  County  of  Middlesex. — On  Written  Languages,  119 

the  wedding  gloves  of  Hampden’s  wife. — At  Twickenham  park,  resided  in 
early  life,  “  the  father  of  experimental  philosophy,”  Lord  Chancellor  Ba¬ 
con  ;  the  lovely  Lucy  Harrington,  Countess  of  Bedford  ;  and  the  brave  and 
loyal  John  Lord  Berkeley  of  Stratton,  who  was  buried  here  1678.  At 
Alarble-hill,  the  Countess  of  Suffolk,  mistress  of  George  II. ;  at  Little 
Strawberry  hill,  Mrs.  Catharine  Clive,  comic  actress,  who  was  buried 
here  1785.  At  Ragman’s  castle,  Mrs.  Hannah  Pritchard,  actress,  and  the 
late  eminent  Welsh  Judge  Hardinge.  At  Whetton,  Sir  John  Suckling,  its  na¬ 
tive  poet;  Sir  Godfrey  Kneller,  painter,  wbo  was  buried  here  1723;  and 
Sir  William  Chambers,  architect.  In  Twickenham  also  resided  Sir  Hum¬ 
phrey  Lind,  Protestant  controversialist;  Sir  John  Einet,  author  of  “  Phi- 
ioxenes ;”  Sir  Benjamin  Rudyard,  statesman;  the  witty  Richard  Corbet,  Bp. 
of  Norwich;  Edward  Earl  of  Manchester,  Parliamentarian  general;  the 
Speaker  Lenthal ;  the  philosopher  Boyle;  Secretary  Craggs;  the  eccentric 
and  versatile  Duke  of  Wharton;  Lady  Macclesfield,  the  unnatural  mother  of 
Savage;  John  Gilbert,  Abp.  of  York,  who  died  here,  1761;  the  painters 
Hudson  and  Scott;  the  novelist  Fielding;  the  physician  Batty;  Sir  John 
Hawkins,  historian  of  Music  ;  Owen  Cambridge,  poet  and  essayist ;  Hickey, 
Goldsmith’s  “  special  attorney;”  Paul  Whitehead,  poet,  who  died  here  1775; 
Lady  Mary  Wortley  Montague;  and  Lord  George  Germaine.— -Besides  those 
already  mentioned,  here  were  buried  Sir  William  Berkeley,  governor  and  his¬ 
torian  of  Virginia,  1677;  Lady  Frances  Whitmore  (epitaph  by  Dry  den)  1690; 
Nicholas  Amhurst,  author  of  “  Terrs  Fiiius,”  and  the  “  Craftsman,”  1742; 
the  brave  admirals,  Sir  Chaloner  Ogie,  1750;  John  Byron,  1786;  and  Sir 
John  Pococke,  1792;  and  Edward  Ironside,  historian  of  Twickenham, 
1803. — John,  Earl  of  Mar,  General  for  the  Stuarts  at  Sheriff’s  Muir,  was 
married  here  in  1703  to  Margaret  Hay,  daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Errol. 

At  West  Twyford  were  buried  Henry  Bold,  comic  poet,  1683;  and  Fa¬ 
bian  Phillips,  antiquary,  1690. 

InWiESDONare  seven  prebends  belonging  to  St.  Paul’s.  In  the  church 
was  buried  Charles  Otway,  general,  1764.  Byro. 

prefer  this  advantage  to  an  imposing 
mystery.  This  principle  is  of  chief 
consequence  in  the  truths  of  law  and 
religion,  so  essential  to  the  tempo¬ 
ral  and  spiritual  welfare  of  mankind. 

Language  and  written  characters 
are  essential  to  society.  These  are 
the  great  circulating  medium  of  com¬ 
munication.  The  individual  may, 
and  must,  perish;  but  the  interests  of 
truth  survive.  The  improvement  of 
man  does  not  depend  on  the  acquisi- 
’tios.s  of  himself  only — or  of  the  great¬ 
est  individuals.  And  as  every  mar, 
be  he  ever  so  ingenious  and  learned, 
even  an  Aristotle,  a  Lord  Bacon, 
and  a  Newton,  must  begin  from  the 
elements  of  childhood ;  so  we  lose  all 
at  his  death,  save  only  what  is  record¬ 
ed  by  writing. 

The  distinction  between  the  modes 
of  writing  for  mere  passing  memoran¬ 
dums,  or  transient  study,  to  be  effaced 
presently — and  those  intended  to  re¬ 
main  on  record,  may  be  illustrated  bv 
certain  usages  in  the  East,  from  which 
so  many  of  our  own  are  derived.  We 
owe  to  these  one  of  our  late  greatest 
improvements,  which  was  suggested 
to  the  eye  of  genius  only — to  such  a 
mind  as  that  of  Dr.  Beel  of  Madras, 

The 


On  Written  Languages. 

((  ETiEOi 

AMONG  the  Antient  Egyptians, 
Obelisks  and  Pyramids  were 
the  great  national  Records.  The 
former  were  mostly,  but  not  always, 
covered  with  hieroglyphics,  denoting 
their  census,  their  legal  weights  and 
measures,  astronomical  calendar,  their 
remarkable  epochs,  &c.  The  priests, 
who  best  could  decypher  these  charac¬ 
ters,  had  the  exclusive  office  of  ex¬ 
plaining  them  :  Hence  they  were 
called  “  sacred  for  they  were  in 
characters  unknown  to  the  people. 
We  have  seen  in  modern  Europe  a 
similar  policy,  in  a  similar  spirit  of 
Paganism,  to  lock  up  as  secrets  the 
practical  and  most  popular  precepts 
of  law  and  religion. 

There  is  a  wide  difference  between 
certain  abridged  methods  of  expres¬ 
sion,  necessary  to  science,  which  its 
Professors  only  can  understand  ;  and 
an  affectation  of  a  certain  mystical 
expression  of  simple,  ordinary  truths, 
with  the  view  and  purpose  that  they 
shall  not  lie  understood.  Every  use¬ 
ful  science,  as  far  as  its  operations  can 
be  made  commonly  intelligible,  should 


120 


On  Written 

The  reader  has  anticipated  already 
■what  I  allude  to — the  new  system  of 
education,  invented  by  Dr.  Bell,  and 
which  Mr.  Lancaster  has  since  ren¬ 
dered  so  popular. 

Every  one  knows  that  by  this  sys¬ 
tem  children  are  taught  to  read,  write, 
get  by  heart,  and  to  pronounce,  simul¬ 
taneously.  Great  numbers  may  be 
taught  together.  We  may  see  500  or 
1000  so  taught,  under  one  inspector; 
for  the  agency  of  the  scholars  them¬ 
selves  is  essential  to  the  plan  —  each 
reciprocally  teaching  and  learning 
from  the  other. 

Since  children  communicate  rapidly 
by  imitation,  and  in  the  most  lasting 
characters,  their  tastes,  follies,  and 
vices  to  each  other  ;  why  should  they 
not  thus  communicate  reciprocally 
their  intellectual  and  moral  habits 
also  ? 

“  Pyrard  de  Laval,  .who  tra¬ 
velled  in  1601,  thus  describes  the 
sand-writing  of  the  Indian: — 4  Pour 
apprendre  a  escrire  a  leurs  enfans ,  ils 
out  des  planches  de  hois  faites  expres , 
Men  polies ,  et  bien  unies,  Ils  exten- 
dent  dessiis  du  sable  fort  mend,  et  fort 
delib  ;  puis  uvec  un  poinqon  ils  font 
des  lettres;  et  les  font  imiter ,  effagans 
a  mesure  qu’ils  ont  ecrit ;  n'usans 
point  en  cela  de  papier .’ 

44  A  still  more  minute  account  i§ 
given  by  Pier  della  Valle,  one  of 
the  best,  as  well  as  one  of  the  most 
amusing  of  these  old  writers.  Being 
detained,  during  his  journey  in  Mala¬ 
bar,  by  some  accidental  delay,  44  That 
1  might  profit  by  the  time,”  he  says, 
44  I  remained  in  the  vestibule  of  the 
pagoda,  to  look  at  some  children,  who 
were  learning  to  read  in  a  remarkable 
manner — which  1  will  describe  to  you 
as  a  very  curious  thing  : — There  were 
four  of  them,  who  had  all  been  taking 
the  same  lesson  from  their  master  — 
and  now,  for  the  sake  of  impressing  it 
more  perfectly  on  their  memory,  re¬ 
peating  the  former  lessons  which  they 
had  been  taught,  one  of  them  chaunt- 
ed  a  line  of  the  lesson  in  a  musical 
tone — as  for  example,  6  two  and  two 
make  four/  In  fact,  one  easily 
learns  a  song.  While  he  thus  sung 
cut  this  portion  of  the  lesson,  he 
wrote  if  at  the  same  time  —  but  nei¬ 
ther  with  a  pen,  nor  upon  paper.  In 
order  that  nothing  might  be  need¬ 
lessly  expended,  he  traced  the  charac¬ 
ters  with  his  finger  upon  the  floor, 
whereon  Ihev  sat  in  a  circle,  having 

3 


Languages .  [Aug. 

previously  strewn  it  with  fine  sand. 
After  the  first  had  thus  written,  while 
he  sung,  the  others  ebaunted,  and 
wrote  the  same  thing  ali  together. 
The  first  then  began  again,  singing 
and  writing  another  line — as,  for  in¬ 
stance,  1  four  and  four  make  eight 
which  the  others  in  like  manner  re¬ 
peated  - — and  thus  they  went  on. 
When  the  floor  was  covered  with 
writing,  they  passed  their  hands  over 
it,  and  effaced  the  characters ;  then 
strewed  more,  if  it  was  necessary,  to 
trace  more  letters;  and  in  this  man¬ 
ner  they  continued  during  the  whole 
time  appointed  them.  When  I  asked 
who  taught  them,  and  who  set  them 
right  when  they  were  wrong,  see¬ 
ing  they  were  all  scholars,  and  no 
master  among  them?  they  replied, 
very  reasonably,  that  it  was  not  possi¬ 
ble  the  same  mistake  should  occur  to 
them  all  at  the  same  time ;  and  for 
that  reason  they  always  learnt  toge¬ 
ther,  that  if  one  was  out,  the  others 
might  assist  him.” 

Southey,  in  his  exquisite  little 
tract  upon  the  Origin  of  the  New 
System  of  Education,  observes,  on  the 
above  extract  from  Pier  della  Valle, 
that  he  had  44  marked  this  passage 
before — but  it  was  merely  marked  as 
the  memorabilia  of  a  desultory  reader; 
and  the  fact,  as  to  all  useful  purposes, 
(had  it  not  been  for  the  genius  of  Dr. 
Bell,)  would  have  been  as  unpro¬ 
ductive,  as  a  seed-vessel  in  the  hortus 
siccus  of  a  botanist.  So  easy,  and  so 
useful  a  practice,  was  never  till  now 
adopted,  in  this  part  of  the  world; 
though  so  many  thousands  must  have 
seen  it  in  India,  and  have  heard  of  it 
in  Europe.” 

But  if  the  Easterns  have  taught  us 
to  express  the  passing  thought,  of 
which  no  traces  are  to  exist  long; 
they  have  also  been  our  masters  in  all 
the  modes  of  writing  calculated  for 
duration.  Travellers  have  furnished 
us  with  a  remarkable  instance  of  this 
kind,  where  the  characters  have  out¬ 
lived  the  language  of  the  people  who 
drew  them,  and  even  their  memory, 
and  very  name. 

In  an  account  given  by  the  Pre- 
petto  of  Egypt,  published  by  the 
Bishop  of  Clogher,  the  Prefetto, 
speaking,  in  his  journal,  of  his  disen¬ 
gaging  himself  at  length  from  the 
mountains  of  Faran,  says — 44  They 
came  to  a  large  plain,  surrounded 
with  high  hills.  These  hills  are  called 

Gebel 


3  818.]  On  Written  Language .  — Family  of  Hull.  121 


Gebel  el  Mokatah;  or,  The  Written 
Mountains:  for,  as  soon  as  we  had 
parted  from  the  mountains  of  Faran, 
we  passed  by  several  others,  for  an 
hour  together,  engraved  with  ancient 
unknown  characters,  which  were  cut 
in  the  hard  rock,  so  high,  as  to  be 
in  many  places  twelve  or  fourteen 
feet  distant  from  the  ground.  And 
though  we  had  in  our  company  per¬ 
sons  who  were  acquainted  with  the 
Arabic ,  Greek ,  Hebreiv ,  Syriac ,  Cop¬ 
tic,  Latin ,  Armenian ,  Turkish ,  Eng¬ 
lish,  Illyrian,  German ,  and  Bohemian 
languages,  yet  none  of  them  had  any 
knowledge  of  these  charaoters ;  which 
have,  nevertheless,  been  cut  in  rocks 
of  granite-marble,  with  the  most  pa¬ 
tient  industry —  in  a  place,  at  present 
far  from  any  supply  of  water,  or 
other  necessaries  of  life. 

“  When  we  compare  this  account 
with  that  given  us  by  Maillet,  of  the 
burying-ground  of  the  Egyptians, 
which  is  called  the  Plain  of  the  Mum¬ 
mies;  and  which,  according  to  him, 
is  a  dry  sandy  circular  plain,  no  Jess 
than  four  leagues  over;  and  with 
Maundrell’s  account  of  figures  and 
inscriptions  (which  like  these  are  en¬ 
graven  on  tablets  plained  in  the  natu¬ 
ral  rock,  at  some  height  above  the 
road,  which  he  found  near  the  river 
Lycus  in  Palestine),  which  figures,  he 
tells  us,  resembled  Mummies,  and  re¬ 
lated,  as  he  imagined,  to  some  sepul¬ 
chres  thereabouts :  (Harmer  says)  he 
is  ready  to  suppose  this  must  be  some 
ancient  burial-place;  and  this  either 
of  the  Israelites,  when  in  the  wilder¬ 
ness,  or  of  some  warriors  (belonging 
to  other  nations)  who  lie  buried  there, 
and  of  whom  the  memory  is  now  lost. 

“  Travellers  in  the  Holy  Land  were 
wont  to  inscribe  their  names  on  cer¬ 
tain  remarkable  places.  There  is 
one  at  Jerusalem:  Rachel’s  sepul¬ 
chre  is  another,  where  all  Jews  that 
passed  by  wrote  their  names.  There 
is  a  great  burial-place  near  Rama, 
which  is  stretched  out  two  miles  in 
length.  Niebuhr  mentions  a  vast  ce¬ 
metery  in  the  desert  of  Sinai,  where 
a  great  many  stones  are  set  up  in  an 
erect  position,  on  a  high  and  steep 
mountain,  covered  with  as  beautiful 
hieroglyphics  as  those  of  the  ancient 
Egyptians.  The  Arabs  carried  them 
to  this  burial-place,  which  is  as  re¬ 
markable  as  the  written  mountains 
here,  described  by  other  travellers  : 
for  so  many  well-cut  stones  could 

Gent.  Mag.  August,  1818. 


never  be  the  monuments  of  wandering 
A  rabs ;  but  must  necessarily  owe  their 
origin  to  the  inhabitants  of  some  great 
city,  that  once  existed  not  far  from 
this  place.  Yorick. 

Mr.  Urban,  July  27. 

Richard  hull,  (see  page  424) 

was  member  of  Parliament  for 
Carysfort,  co.  Wicklow,  and  not  for 
Tuam.  His  father,  Sir  Richard  Hull, 
Knight,  of  Leamcon,  co.  Cork,  was 
grandson  or  great  grandson  of  Sir 
William  Hull,  Knight,  of  Leamcon, 
who  was  knighted  by  Charles  I.  May 
11th,  1621.  Sir  William  was  son  of 
Henry  Hull,  of  Exeter,  co.  Devon. 
Richard  Hull,  of  Leith  Hill  Place; 
appears  to  have  had  four  sisters,  viz. 
three  of  the  half  blood,  and  one  of  the 
whole,  viz.  Mabella  Hull;  Elizabeth 
Hull,  married  May  4,  1692,  Henry 
Tonson,  Esq.  only  son  of  Major  Rich¬ 
ard  Tonson,  of  Spanish  Island,  co. 
Cork;  and  Mary  Hull.  These  ladies 
were  the  daughters  of  Sir  Richard 
Hull  by  his  first  wife  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Sir  Henry  Tynte,  Knight. 
By  his  second  wife  Frances  Pooley,  he 
has  issue  Frances  Hull,  who  married 
Robert  French,  Esq.  a  Judge  of  the 
common  pleas.  I  presume  Sir  B.  B. 
de  Capel  Brooke  to  be  descended  from 
the  latter  lady.  S.  H.  C. 


Mr.  Urban,  South  Wales. 

BEG  leave  to  communicate  to  you 
a  few  circumstances  relating  to 
the  works  of  Mr.  T.  Wyon,  Jun. 
which  have  escaped  the  recollection 
of  his  friend  Mr.  Humphreys  in  his 
elegant  and  authentic  memoir  of  that 
ingenious  and  amiable  youth. 

Mr.  T.  Wyon,  jun.  iu  1810  engraved 
a  reward  medal  for  the  youth  edu¬ 
cated  at  Ecclesfield  House;  the  design 
is  a  young  gentleman  holding  a  book 
and  laurel  wreath  ;  the  rising  sun  ap¬ 
pears  iu  the  distance ;  the  legend  is 
Sua  prcemia  laudi . 

He  engraved  the  head  of  Lord  Wel¬ 
lington,  which  was  published  in  bis 
father’s  name;  to  record  the  entrance 
of  that  Hero  into  Madrid. 

The  Head  of  J.  Hanson,  Esq.  a 
work  of  considerable  excellence,  on  a 
medal  engraved  during  that  Gentle¬ 
man’s  popularity  among  the  Manches¬ 
ter  weavers,  was  also  the  work  of 
T.  Wyon,  jun. 

I  believe  also  that  the  head  of  the 
Prince  Regent,  as  well  as  the  reverse 

men- 


122 


Medals ,  Me.  by  the  late  Mr.  Wyon,  Jim.  [Aug. 


mentioned  by  Mr.  Humphreys,  was 
principally,  if  not  entirely,  the  work 
of  the  son. 

The  reverse  of  the  Manchester  Pitt 
Medal  was  from  a  design  by  R.  Wes- 
tall,  Esq.  R.  A. 

There  are  three  sizes  of  medals  for 
theflndian  Chiefs,  viz.  3  inches,  2$, 
and  If  diameter;  the  beautiful  figure 
design  which  broke  in  hardening,  was 
intended  to  have  been  attached  only 
to  the  largest. 

The  Duchess  of  Oldeuburgli  with 
her  own  hand  pulled  the  striiig  when 
the  first  medal  recording  her  visit  to 
the  Mint  was  struck. 

The  original  head  of  Mr.  Pitt  for 
the  Liverpool  Pitt  Club  scarcely  held 
together  till  (he  first  order  was  com- 
pleted  ;  and  upon  an  additional  num¬ 
ber  being  required,  a  fresh  die  was 
engraved,  which  has  the  date  1814, 
instead  of  the  inscription  under  the 
head,  and  which  is  the  one  published 
by  Thomason  of  Birmingham,  with  a 
long  English  inscription  for  the  re¬ 
verse;  a  few  were  struck  with  a  mi¬ 
serable  Birmingham  attempt  at  a  La¬ 
tin  inscription,  which  had  before 
served  for  a  reverse  to  another  head 
of  Pitt. 

The  elegant  reverse  for  the  beauti¬ 
ful  medal  of  the  Prince  Regent,  en¬ 
graved  by  him  for  Rundle,  Bridge, 
and  Co.  on  the  Peace  of  1814,  was 
from  the  design  of  H.  Howard,  Esq. 
R.  A. 

The  silver  coinage  dated  1817,  as 
well  as  1816,  was  engraved  by  T. 
Wyon,  from  designs  of  an  Italian  artist, 
with  the  exception  of  the  second  half 
crown,  omitting  the  broad  shoulders 
of  the  royal  bust,  and  the  collar  of 
the  garter  which  surrounded  the  arms 
of  the  reverse.  This,  I  have  under¬ 
stood,  was  Mr.  Wyon’s  design  as  well 
as  execution;  though  I  cannot  but 
think  he  would  have  designed  a  head 
bearing  more  resemblance  to  our  ve¬ 
nerable  Monarch,  had  he  been  uncon- 
trouled. 

I  cannot  close  these  memoranda  re¬ 
specting  the  late  Mr.  T.  Wyon,  jun. 
without  calling  the  attention  of  your 
readers  to  the  merits  of  his  cousin  Mr. 
W.Wyon;  who  is  officially  settled  at  the 
Mint, and  from  whose  abilities  thepub- 
lick  have  great  reason  to  expect  that 
the  productions  of  the  mint  will  he 
worthy  of  the  British  Nation.  His 
head  of  Ceres,  engraved  at  the  age  of 
5  7;  is  a  classically  elegant  production; 


it  obtained  the  prize  from  the  Society 
for  promoting  Arts  and  Commerce, 
and  is  adopted  by  them  for  their  Prize 
Agricultural  medal. 

His  head  of  Sir  J.  Banks,  from  the 
model  of  his  late  cousin,  is  an  excellent 
likeness  of  that  liberal  promoter  of 
the  Arts  and  Sciences;  and  is  engraved 
with  precision  and  spirit,  and  consi¬ 
derable  depth  of  relief. 

Yours,  &c.  E.  H. 

Mr.  Urban,  Aug.  A. 

SIMPLE  Narrative,  from  the  pen 
of  a  brave  soldier,  who,  after 
having  achieved  the  object  of  his 
mission,  and  most  gallantly  defended 
himself  against  a  superior  force,  had 
the  misfortune  to  be  taken  prisoner, 
will  not,  I  hope,  be  deemed  uninte¬ 
resting  by  yourself  or  your  Readers. 
I  therefore  take  the  liberty  of  sending 
it  to  you,  in  hopes  of  its  finding  a 
place  in  your  Miscellany. 

The  remark  has  often  been  made, 
that,  whilst  the  gallant  achievements 
of  military  men,  high  in  rank  and 
command,  are  circulated  throughout 
the  civilized  world,  perused  with  avi¬ 
dity,  and  dwelt  on  with  delight;  the 
skill  and  valour  of  inferior  officers  are, 
not  unfrequently,  passed  over  without 
notice;  and  such,  1  fear,  may  have 
been  the  case  in  the  present  instance. 

I  will  not,  however,  despair,  through 
your  means,  of  transmitting  to  pos¬ 
terity  the  name  and  gallant  conduct 
of  a  Lieutenant  in  the  service  of  the 
East  India  Company  (a  higher  rank 
lie  did  not  live  to  attain).  I  should 
feel  pleasure,  likewise,  in  commemo¬ 
rating  the  bravery  of  two  other  British 
officers,  as  well  as  the  humanity  of  a 
French  captain,  but  for  whose  gene¬ 
rous  and  timely  interference,  three 
of  our  intrepid  countrymen  would 
have  fallen  victims  to  the  rage  of  a 
cruel  enemy. 

“  Dear  J - 

“  I  take  this  opportunity  of  writing 
you  the  particulars  of  my  sad  disaster* 
as  in  all  probability  it  may  be  repre¬ 
sented  in  a  different  light  ffom  what 
it  really  was.  I  arrived  safe  at  Vel¬ 
lore*  the  14tb,  in  the  morning,  and 
not  a  cooley  t  or  bullock  was  lost, 
although  the  enemy  were  numerous 
all  the  road  from  the  pollums  J.  By 

*  100  Miles  distant  from  Madras. 

f  A  Porter  employed  in  carrying 
Baggage.  Woods. 

a  forced 


1818.]  Gallantry  of  a  Lieutenant  in  the  East  India  Service.  123 


a  forced  march,  I  slipped  them,  and 
my  appearance  was  comfortable  to 
all  the  people  of  Vellore,  who  were 
in  the  utmost  distress  for  all  kinds  of 
provision,  and  Hyder  in  full  march 
towards  it,  expecting  it  to  be  given 
up,  from  their  want  of  necessaries. 
The  forenoon  of  the  15th  was  taken 
up  with  getting  intelligence  of  the 
enemy,  and  settling  with  the  Polygar 
Chiefs  about  the  retreat.  It  was 
agreed  on  by  Captain  Cuppage  and 
them,  to  march  that  evening  at  5 
o’clock  p-^isely,  so  as  to  reach  the 
pollums  before  day-light  ;  but  the 
Venkatagerry  * * * * §  and  Calistree*  people 
delayed  with  frivolous  excuses,  and 
obliged  me  to  halt  in  the  bed  of  the 
river  till  9  o’clock,  which  led  to  ray 
ruin.  Captain  Sale,  with  a  detach¬ 
ment,  accompanied  me  3  miles  across 
the  valley.  Lieutenants  Speediman 
and  Rutledge,  who  were  recovered 
from  their  wounds,  agreed  to  go  with 
me,  and  took  charge  of  a  gun  each. 
I  left  all  my  bullocks  and  carts  with 
Captain  Cuppage,  so  looked  on  my¬ 
self  as  free  from  incumbrance  ;  but 
before  I  had  crossed  the  Valley,  the 
Polygars*  in  the  rear  sent  me  word 
that  they  were  far  behindhand  re¬ 
quested  me  to  halt — ‘this  1  did  three 
different  times,  which  stopped  my 
journey  much  }  however,  at  day-light, 
I  found  myself  far  advanced  towards 
the  pollums.  Between  5  and  6,  I 
found  my  line  was  all  close,  and 
moving  on  in  a  good  pace,  when  some 
few  cavalry  were  discovered  on  my 
right  flank,  with  a  great  dust,  at  a 
distance.  Soon  after,  a  large  body 
of  cavalry  appeared,  and  moved  to 
my  front,  another  party  to  the  right 
'—in  short,  all  around  me.  I  moved 
on  briskly,  soon  dispersed  those  in 
front,  and  gained  a  hill,  on  the  side 
of  the  road,  C  miles  from  Colonel 
Owen’s  Pass.  Just  then  the  cavalry 
charged  from  all  quarters,  though 
without  being  able  to  cut  in;  but  so 
confounded  (he  Polygars,  that  they 
and  the  Coolies  broke,  and  ran  down 
the  only  regular  company  1  had.  With 
much  ado,  I  collected  the  greater  part 
of  them,  and  gained  the  Venkalagerrv 
gun,  that  was  left  to  the  mercy  of 
the  enemy,  wi  th  Lieu  tenant  Speediman. 
The  enemy  then  charged  again  re¬ 
peatedly  on  all  quarters;  but  1  was 
so  well  situated  that  I  beat  them  off 


*  Irregulars. 


with  great  slaughter,  and  lost  only 
7  or  S  Sepoys.  Two  regiments  of 
Tippoo  Sahib’s  regular  cavalry  drew 
up  behind  the  opposite  rocks,  and  fired 
regular  quarter-ranks  at  us;  this  con¬ 
tinued  until  8  o’clock,  with  a  heavy 
fire  of  musquetry  from  the  enemy, 
and  returned  by  my  people  from  the 
guns  and  musquets:  when  their  in¬ 
fantry  and  rocket  boys*  gained  the 
back  of  the  hill,  which  I  could  not 
any  way  hinder  them  from  doing,  as 
not  one  of  the  Colieries  would  move 
to  stop  them,  and  my  company  was 
employed  with  the  cavalry  on  the  left 
of  it.  The  Polygars  were  so  terrified 
at  the  fire  and  rockets,  that  they  gave 
a  screech  or  yell,  and  all  ran  off;  and 
the  jemadar  t,  who  was  then  in  com¬ 
mand  of  the  company  (the  subadar;£ 
having  turned  out  voluntarily  to  dis¬ 
lodge  the  enemy,  with  12  men),  ran 
off  with  the  Polygars  and  every  Sepoy. 
In  this  situation  l  called  the  subadar]; 
in  the  rear  of  the  guns,  and  there  we 
defended  ourselves  against  the  forces 
of  Tippoo  and  Lally  till  after  9  o’clock, 
when  our  ammunition  was  all  ex¬ 
pended,  and  then  it  was  agreed  upon 
to  surrender;  but  we  never  expected 
quarter,  nor  indeed  should  we  have 
had  any,  but  for  a  captain  De  Lisle 
and  a  commandant  of  cavalry,  who 
formerly  belonged  to  Rumley’s  regi¬ 
ment.  The  whole  of  the  Polygars 
were  surrounded,  and  one  half  of 
them  and  my  foolish  Sepoys  cut  to 
pieces,  the  rest  taken.  There  were 
with  the  guns,  when  we  surrendered, 
3  European  officers,  2  serjeants,  I 
syrang  1  subadar,  and  9  Sepoys, 
with  4  artillery  Sepoys;  the  rest  of 
the  artillery  were  killed.  Tippoo  be¬ 
haved  very  well  to  me  and  the  other 
gentlemen  ;  gave  us  some  of  his  own 
Pilaw  ||,  and  a  present  of  cloth  and 
money,  our  baggage  being  plundered. 
Hyder  also  behaved  very  well,  and 
kept  me  at  questions  about  an  hour, 
but  was  much  displeased  at  Vellore 
being  relieved.  I  am  here  in  irons, 
with  Crewitzer  and  43  other  officers. 
The  two  gentlemen  taken  with  me  are 
sent  to  Seringapatnam.  Do  pray  write 
to  me  by  way  of  Vellore,  and  let  me 

*  Who  throw  Jron  Rockets. 

f  A  Subaltern  Officer. 

J  Syno/iimous  with  Captain. 

§  A  superintendant  of  Lascars. 

||  A  favourite  dish  with  the  Mussul¬ 
mans,  composed  principally  of  rice, 
meat,  and  a  variety  of  spices. 


know 


124 


On  the  Treatment  of  Teachers >  [Aug. 


know  the  news.  Give  your  advice 
to  Mrs.  B.  how  she  is  to  receive  ray 
pay.  Every  praise  is  due  to  lieutenants 
Rutledge  and  Speediman,  who  defend¬ 
ed  their  liberty  with  courage  and  spirit. 
Bangalore,  Yours  very  sincerely, 
Aug.  20,  1782.  James  Byrne. 

Mr.  Urban,  Aug.  7. 

PT^HERE  is  a  subject  that  has 
1  often  occupied  ray  thoughts,  as 
well  as  excited  ray  surprize,  in  the 
proportion  which  I  have  witnessed  its 
occurrence,  as  well  as  in  respect  to 
the  inhumanity  and  impolicy  of  its 
adoption — 1  allude  to  the  treatment 
of  young  ladies  who  from  particular 
circumstances  are  compelled  to  live 
in  families  as  governesses,  and  also  to 
the  reception  which  ladies  as  well  as 
gentlemen  who  keep  seminaries  meet 
with  in  society.  I  shall  not  enter  into 
the  causes  which  have  obliged  so  many 
deserving  young  women  to  seek  such 
asylums,  it  being  foreign  to  my  pur¬ 
pose;  but  proceed  to  draw  the  atten¬ 
tion  of  your  Readers  to  the  fact,  that 
many  of  these  are  treated  with  all 
the  indignity  of  upper  servants,  whilst 
their  education  aud  their  connexions 
in  many  instances  render  them  the 
superiors  of  those  whom  a  want  of 
fortune  compels  them  to  serve.  Po¬ 
verty  itself  is  no  disgrace;  but  it  is  a 
goading  misery,  when  it  becomes  a 
weapon  of  assault  in  the  hands  of  the 
cruel  and  the  ignorant.  The  appreci¬ 
ation  of  talent  originates  only  with 
th  ose  themselves  possessing  talent,  and 
is  not  likely  to  be  so  generally  and  so 
thoroughly  encouraged  as  are  those 
common  domestic  duties,  which  every 
one  merely  conversant  with  household 
drudgery  is  able  to  comprehend  :  for 
this  reason  we  must  perhaps  bear  with 
what  we  cannot  alter;  for  as  wealth 
increases  in  one  class  of  persons,  bring¬ 
ing  in  its  train  all  the  fashionable  fol¬ 
lies  which  riches  are  sure  to  give  rise 
to  in  vulgar  minds,  and  circumstances 
creating  imperious  necessities  in  ano¬ 
ther,  oblige  talent  to  crouch  to  the 
powerful,  we  shall  be  constrained  to 
find  the  wealth  of  the  purse  predo¬ 
minate  over  the  wealth  of  the  under¬ 
standing.  But  it  is  in  those  families 
where,  possessing  much  kindness  of 
heart,  a  little  consideration  alone  is 
wanting,  that  I  can  hope  a  hint  may 
be  taken.  Let  me  then  ask,  if  it  is 
Jcind  in  such  families  as  those  I  allude 
fo,  where  a  young  lady  has  the  care 


of  instructing  the  junior  branches,  to 
shew  on  every  occasion  her  state  of 
dependance?  Is  it  right  to  compel  such 
a  person  to  enter  a  dining-room  after 
dinner,  when  the  children  make  their 
appearance,  and  force  her  to  retire  at 
the  hour  of  their  going  to  bed  ?  Her 
duty  as  an  instructress  does  not  in¬ 
clude  the  duties  of  a  nurse;  and  the 
very  rank  she  holds  in  the  family 
ought  to  command  that  respect  from 
the  mistress  of  the  house  which  she 
expects  her  own  children  to  shew  to 
their  preceptress.  Either  they  ought 
not  to  be  admitted  (and  then  only  in 
reference  to  their  own  feelings,  for  I 
will  not  allow  inferiority  from  the  oc¬ 
cupation),  or,  being  admitted,  should 
receive  that  just  share  of  attention 
which  their  merit  deserves,  and  the 
responsibility  of  their  charge  demands. 
Knowledge  is  not  to  be  bought  at 
every  stall ;  and  those  best  shew  their 
estimation  of  it  by  the  becoming  re¬ 
spect  with  which  they  treat  its  pos¬ 
sessors.  I  have  not  unfrequently  wit¬ 
nessed  young  ladies  of  talent,  obliged 
to  become  the  keepers  of  stores,  and 
subject  to  the  insolence  of  servants 
for  intrudingupontheirduties;  others, 
after  the  important  occupations  of  the 
day,  obliged  to  fill  the  stations  of 
menials.  Even  right  to  such  services 
does  not  exist ;  for,  if  they  are  to  be 
considered  by  their  engagements  as 
teachers,  you  have  no  right  to  com¬ 
pel  them  to  act  as  servants,  merely 
because  they  are  dependant  or  friend¬ 
less.  In  many  places  the  custom  is 
not  to  allow  a  young  lady  in  such  a 
capacity  to  visit,  unless  with  the  chil¬ 
dren,  because  she  is  a  governess; 
although  the  lady  with  whom  she 
may  live  shall  be  generous  and  just 
enough  to  sanction  it  by  her  presence. 
Is  it  not  in  itself  absurd?  Parents 
expect  their  children  to  be  taught 
the  manners  of  society  (I  do  not  mean 
the  nonsensical  routine  of  morning 
calls),  and  yet  will  not  permit  those 
who  are  to  instruct  them  to  seek  the 
means  of  doing  so !  How  are  manners 
to  be  learnt  but  by  example?  and  how 
can  so  good  an  example  be  formed  as 
that  which  is  set  by  daily  practice? 
Surely, then,  policy  requires  the  present 
treatment  to  be  altered;  and  it  is  to 
be  hoped  that,  for  the  sake  of  the 
rising  generation,  we  shall  see  a  more 
liberal  treatment  adopted  towards 
those  who  instruct,  that  those  who 
learn  may  be  instructed. 


1  fear 


1 S 18.]  On  the  Treatment  of  Teachers. — On  Calvinism.  J2.5 


I  fear  I  have  already  intruded  on 
the  columns  of  your  Miscellauy,  and 
shall  not  therefore  add  many  words 
to  the  subject;  still,  however,  I  can¬ 
not  conclude  without  expressing  my 
sorrow  that  we  do  not  generally  pay 
proper  attention  to  persons  keeping 
seminaries  for  the  youth  of  both 
sexes.  What  I  have  said  before  on 
the  want  of  respect  for  teachers  must 
of  necessity  apply  here  also ;  but, 
additionally,  1  think  it  as  well  a 
cruel  exception  as  an  impolitic  one, 
to  witness  their  exclusion  from  many 
of  the  higher  or  leading  circles  of 
middling  life.  To  hear  that  a  lady 
will  not  he  admitted  to  this  assembly 
or  that  card-party  because  she  keeps 
a  school,  is  so  w  rong  a  notion,  that  it 
must  excite  more  pity  than  contempt 
in  those  who  subject  them  to  the  ex¬ 
ception.  Besides,  considering  the  pre¬ 
sent  mode  of  femaie  education,  I  con¬ 
ceive  that  the  introduction  of  one  or 
two  young  ladies  under  the  eye  and 
patronage  of  the  heads  of  a  town  or 
village,  attended  by  the  lady  of  the 
school,  is  highly  to  be  wished,  as  tend¬ 
ing  to  remove  the  aukward  bashful¬ 
ness  which  is  so  embarrassing  in  a  first 
introduction  to  life  (l  do  not  of  course 
expect  children  of  twelve  to  be  ad¬ 
mitted  amongst  grown  people),  and 
at  the  same  time  as  likely  tojbene- 
fit  society  at  large,  which  all  im¬ 
provement  of  manners  must  effect. 
Who  can  or  ought  to  he  more  wor¬ 
thy  of  our  social  friendship  and  con¬ 
fidence,  than  those  to  whom  we  en¬ 
trust  our  dearest  possessions  ?  Can 
it  then  be  thought  just  to  consider 
those  who  have  the  charge  of  our 
wealth  of  more  moment  than  those 
who  are  to  instruct  our  children  in  the 
proper  disposal  of  themselves  and  it? 
Surely  the  character  of  scholastic  in¬ 
dividuals  should  be  supported  and 
countenanced  by  the  higher  classes,  if 
only  for  the  sake  of  public  consistency , 
for  their  own  good  conduct  and  their 
calling  will,  without  thanks  to  any¬ 
body,  support  themselves. 

Excuse  the  length  of  my  letter,  and 
believe  me,  in  advocating  the  cause 
of  the  teachers,  1  consider  I  seek  the 
good  of  the  community. 

Yours,  &c.  Alphabetjcus. 

Mr.  Urban,  Aug.  9. 

S  Calvinism  seems  to  be  now, 
what  it  was  formerly,  the  stalk¬ 
ing-horse  of  republicanism,  noantidote 


to  so  dangerous  a  poison  can  be  unsea¬ 
sonable.  Many  of  your  Readers  will 
recollect  the  following  passage  in 
Bishop  Taylor’s  Life  of  Christ.  After 
stating  the  argument  against  uncon¬ 
ditional  election ,  from  the  instance  of 
Judas,  who  was  one  of  the  twelve,  to 
whom  our  blessed  Lord  promised, 
that  i(  they  should  sit  upon  twelve 
thrones,”  &c.  but.  whose  name  was, 
for  his  subsequent  conduct,  blotted 
out  of  the  book  of  life;  he  infers, 
“  that  the  election  of  holy  persons  is 
a  condition  allied  to  duty,  absolute 
and  infallible  in  the  general,  and  sup¬ 
posing  all  the  dispositions  and  requi¬ 
sites  concurring;  but  fallible  in  the 
particular,  if  we  fall  offfrom  the  mer¬ 
cies  of  the  covenant.”  The  Bishop 
then  proceeds,  “  The  purpose  of  this 
consideration  is,  that  we  do  not  judge 
of  our  final  condition,  relying  upon 
God’s  secret  counsels,  and  predestina¬ 
tion  of  eternity.  This  is  a  mountain, 
upon  which  whosoever  climbs,  like 
Moses,  to  behold  the  land  of  Canaan,  is 
certain  never  to  enter  that  way.”  The 
lines,  which  the  Bishop  cites  from 
Statius,  are  very  remarkable,  and 
very  strikingly  represent  the  case  of 
many  persons,  who  have  been  unhap¬ 
pily  misled  by  the  doctrines  of  mo¬ 
dern  Enthusiasts : 

- “  nos,  parvum  ac  debile  vulgus, 

Scrutamur  penitus  Superos:  hinc  pallor 
et  irse,  [tia  voti.” 

Hinc  scelus,  insidia’que,  et  nulla  modes- 

“If  we  be  solicitous  to  know  what 
God  hath  decreed  concerning  us,  he 
hath,  in  two  fair  Tables,  described 
those  sentences,  from  whence  we  must 
take  accounts,  the  revelations  of 
scripture,  and  the  book  of  Consci¬ 
ence.” — To  those,  who  have  leisure* 
and  a  taste  for  such  reading,  i  recom¬ 
mend  the  whole  discourse,  “  Of  Cer¬ 
tainty  of  Salvation.”  Part  Sd.  Sect. 
13.  Disc.  16.  p.  298.  folio  edit.  1742. 

On  the  "Connexion  between  Taste  and 
Morals. 

Good  sense  is  the  foundation  ef  mo¬ 
rality,  as  well  as  of  taste.  The  great 
leading  principles  of  taste  are  also 
the  first  principles  in  morals. 

A  very  considerable  part  of  the 
young  men  of  this  Country  run  into 
vice,  not  from  natural  or  vicious  in¬ 
clinations,  but  from  want  of  knowing 
how  to  dispose  of  their  time.  If  they 
had  a  taste  for  letters  and  the  arts, 

that 


126  On  Taste.-*r-Modem  Sisyphus. — Church  of  Rome.  [Aug. 


that  would  open  to  them  a  never-fail¬ 
ing  source  of  amusement;  and,  at  the 
same  time  that  it  afforded  them  enter¬ 
tainment,  would,  by  refining  their  un¬ 
derstandings,  and  polishing  their  ima¬ 
ginations,  make  them  loath  the  low 
pleasures  of  riot  and  debauchery,  in 
which  they  now  waste  their  time,  and 
destroy  their  constitutions.  Martin 
Sherlock's  Letters. 

Diderot  has  enlarged  on  this  Idea : 
he  says,  “  Pour  bien  juger  dans  les 
beaux  arts,  il  faut  reunir  plusieurs 
qualites  rares.  Un  grand  gout  sup¬ 
pose  un  grand  sens,  une  longue  expe¬ 
rience,  une  ame  honnete  et  sensible, 
un  esprit  eleve,  un  temperament  un 
peu  melancolique,  et  des  organes  de¬ 
feats.” 

Qu.  Had  Dugald  Stewart  seen  the 
above,  before  he  published  the  follow¬ 
ing  observations  ?  “  Taste  is  a  power 

of  rapid  judgement,  gradually  ac¬ 
quired  by  habitual  attention.”  Quar¬ 
terly  Review.  “  The  fact  (says  Mr. 
S.)  is  perfectly  analogous  in  the  bodily 
sense;  e.  g.  A  dealer  in  Wines  can 
detect  the  least  ingredient  which  does 
not  properly  enter  into  the  composi¬ 
tion ;  and,  in  pronouncing  it  to  be 
good  or  bad,  can  fix  at  once  upon  the 
specific  qualities  which  please  or 
offend.  Some  degree  of  sensibility  is 
necessary  to  enable  him  to  receive 
any  sensation  at  all;  but  the  degree 
of  his  distinguishing  power  is  by  no 
means  proportioned  to  his  degree  of 
sensibility.” 

Compare  the  Remarks  in  Three  Dis¬ 
courses  on  Tasle,  by  the  President  of 
the  Chichester  Society,  1802. 

“To  form  the  judgment  of  a  young 
roan  to  any  art,  Poetry  for  example, 
let  him  read  none  but  the  best  books 
of  the  chastest  writers.  Let  truth 
and  decency  be  his  leading  principles. 
Let  Boileau,  Horace,  and  Longinus, 
be  his  perpetual  guides.  They  are 
the  great  legislators  of  Taste.  Those 
three  critics,  well  digested,  and  joined 
to  the  reading  of  Homer,  Sophocles, 
Yirgii,  Tasso,  Metastasio,  Racine, 
Pope,  and  Addison,  will  form  a  per¬ 
fect  Taste.”  Again,  “  In  sensation, 
the  organs  of  sense  are  not  passive, 
but  by  the  force  of  external  impres¬ 
sions  are  excited  to  their  peculiar 
functions.”  It  is  observed  by  the  ex¬ 
cellent  Magee,  that  a  false  taste  in 
morals  is  naturally  connected  with  a 
false  taste  in  literature.  See  the 
“  Prefatory  Address,”  before  his  ad¬ 
mirable  “Discourses  on  the  Scripture 


Doctrines  of  Atonement  andSacrifice.” 
3d  Edition. 

A  Hint  to  certain  modern  Sisyphuses. 
From  Dryden's  Translation  of  Lucretius. 

“  The  Sisyphus  is  he,  whom  noise  and 
strife 

Seduce  from  all  the  soft  retreats  of  life. 
To  vex  the  government,  disturb  the  laws. 
Drunk  with  the  fumes  of  popular  ap¬ 
plause. —  [fail. 

For,  still  to  aim  at  pow’r,  and  still  to 
Ever  to  strive,  and  never  to  prevail. 
What  is  it,  but,  in  reason’s  true  account. 
To  heave  the  stone  against  the  rising 
mount;  [up  with  pain. 

Which,  urg’d,  and  labour’d,  and  forc’d 
Recoils,  and  rolls  impetuous  down,  and 
smokes  along  the  plain  ?” 

Aikin  has  a  note,  in  his  Life  of  the 
Bishop  of  Avranches,  which  may  be 
read  perhaps  with  advantage,  by 
some  Exclusionists  of  the  present  day. 

“  Whenever  an  Establishment  has 
got  into  its  hands  the  Education  of 
Separatists,  it  has  made  a  most  impor¬ 
tant  step  towards  their  conversion  : 
for,  the  parental  authority  being  the 
only  power  able  to  contend  with  the 
example  of  the  majority,  and  worldly 
interest,  in  swaying  the  mind  of  a 
young  person,  when  that  is  balanced 
by  the  authority  of  preceptors,  the 
scale  will  uaturally  incline  to  the  side 
of  the  establishment. 

“  The  policy  of  laying  open  national 
seminaries  to  sectaries  by  indulgences, 
rather  than  excluding  them  by  restric- 
tionsand  impositions,  would  be  equally 
wise  and  liberal.”  H.  1. 

Mr.  Urban,  June  29. 

N  the  first  Volume  of  the  popular 
Novel  of  Rob  Roy,  it  is  observed 
that  —  “  Rashleigh  was  bull-necked 
am!  cross  made,  and,  from  some  early 
injury  in  his  youth,  had  an  imperfec¬ 
tion  in  his  gait,  so  much  resembling 
an  absolute  halt,  that  many  alleged 
it  formed  the  obstacle  to  his  taking 
orders;  the  Church  of  Rome,  as  is  well 
known,  admitting  none  to  the  clerical 
profession  who  labours  under  any  per¬ 
sonal  deformity.” 

The  above  observation  concerning 
the  Church  of  Rome  seems  to  be 
utterly  false;  for  Count  d’Elci  (Au¬ 
thor  of  the  History  of  the  Cardinals 
in  the  year  1700,)  says,  in  his  Life  of 
Cardinal  Durazzi,  —  “  Nature  seems 
to  have  been  somewhat  fantastical  in 
shewing  the  power  of  its  art  on  this 
great  person,  who,  notwithstanding 
the  deformity  of  three  great  defects. 


1818.]  Cardinal  Durazzi.— Mr.  Wakefield  on  Ireland.  127 


he  being  squint-eyed,  lame,  and 
hunch-backed,  yet  nevertheless  he 
sees  well,  walks  well,  aud  has  a  very 
goodly  presence.  This  Cardinal  pos¬ 
sesses  all  the  merit  and  good  qualities 
that  can  be  expected  in  a  worthy 
churchman.  He  is  well  versed  in 
morality,  better  instructed  in  the 
rites  of  the  Holy  See,  and  excellently 
well  informed  of  all  the  maxims  and 
politicks  of  Christendom. — In  the 
exercise  of  the  several  governments 
assigned  him  in  the  Ecclesiastical 
State,  he  has  in  everv  one  of  them 
acquired  great  praise,  as  likewise  in 
the  Vice-legateship  of  Bolonia  in  the 
time  that  Cardinal  Caraffa  was  legate, 
who  from  that  time  prognosticated  to 
him  a  greater  fortune,  because  of  his 
high  merit,  calling  him,  as  Alexander 
the  VTIth  was  wont  to  do  Pero  brutto 
buonoy  that  is,  an  ugly  pear,  but  a 
good  one.  He  was  afterwards  de¬ 
clared  Nuncio  to  Portugal,  where  he 
continued  twelve  years.  The  King  of 
Portugal  offered  to  give  him  the 
church  of  Evora,  which  is  the  richest 
Bishoprick  of  that  Kingdom,  but  the 
Nuncio  generously  refused  it. — The 
Pope,  having  him  in  great  esteem, 
sent  him  to  the  Court  of  Spain,  du¬ 
ring  which  Nunciature  he  was  pro¬ 
moted  to  the  purple.” — 'Pope  Alexan¬ 
der  VIII.  afterwards  gave  him  the 
Bishoprick  of  Faenza. — “  In  the  two 
Nunciatures  of  Portugal  and  Spain 
he  acquired  no  less  praise  than  merit 
with  the  Holy  See,  because  of  the 
continual  services  he  did  it. — It  is  well 
known  that  he  is  able  by  himself  to 
govern  the  whole  Christian  world 
without  the  least  help  from  others. — 
He  is  very  well  with  all  the  princes, 
whose  concurrence  to  his  election  was 
once  desired  by  his  friends,  and  they 
all  promised  not  to  oppose  him. — 
The  singular  good  qualities  of  this 
Cardinal,  as  they  are  worthy  of  a 
great  Pope,  so  he  shews  himself  to 
be  one  of  the  present  Candidates  that 
most  deserves  to  be  exalted  to  that 
dignity.”  W.  D. 

Mr.  Urban,  July  20. 

MR.  Wakefield,  in  his  second 
massy  volume  on  Ireland,  page 
583,  states  as  a  proof  of  Protestant 
bigotry,  the  inscription  of  old  on  the 
entrance  of  a  town  in  Munster,  viz. 
“  Jew,  Turk ,  or  Atheist ,  may  enter 
here ,  but  not  a  Roman  Catholic  A 
He  however  suppresses  the  answer 


this  inscription  drew  forth  from  Po¬ 
pish  bigotry,  viz. 

“  He  that  wrote  this,  wrote  it  well, 

For  the  same  is  written  on  the  gates  of 
Hell.” 

In  the  same  volume,  page  646,  Mr. 
Wakefield  decides  that,  should  Ca¬ 
tholic  Emancipation  take  place,  the 
Earl  of  Fingall  and  the  Earl  of  Ken- 
mare  would  of  course  be  represen¬ 
tative  Peers. — He  also  decides  that 
the  other  Catholic  Noblemen  “  can 
form  no  expectation  of  being  elected 
Indeed!  and  why?  are  not  the  Vis¬ 
count  Gormanston,  the  Viscount  Net- 
terville,  the  Viscount  Southwell,  the 
Lord  Trimlestown,  the  Lord  Ffrench, 
even  to  hope  to  be  elected?  —  Mr. 
Wakefield  speaks  of  ten  Catholic 
Peers;  but  1  believe  the  seven  noble¬ 
men  I  have  mentioned  above,  with 
the  Earl  of  Wexford  and  Waterford 
(Earl  of  Shrewsbury  in  England)  aud 
the  Viscount  Taaffe,  who  resides  in 
Bohemia,  form  the  entire  number 
(nine)  of  the  Catholic  Peers  of  Ire¬ 
land.  „  G.H.W. 

P.  S.  The  title  of  Baron  Riverston 
is  borne  by  the  ancient  Catholic  fa¬ 
mily  of  Nugent  (a  branch  of  the 
Nugents,  Earls  of  Westmeath,  now 
Protestants) ;  but  the  Barony  being 
conferred  by  James  II.  iji  1689,  after 
his  abdication,  the  patent  has  been 
never  admitted  as  valid. — Mr.  Wake¬ 
field  mentions  the  Earldom  of  Ken- 
mare  having  been  granted  by  his 
present  Majesty  to  the  late  Lord  Ken- 
mare,  whose  honours  previously 
stood  in  the  same  predicament  as 
the  Lord  Riverston.  Mr.  Wakefield 
might  have  also  added  the  Peerage 
of  Ffrench,  as  another  instance  of 
Nobility  conferred  by  his  Majesty  on  a 
Catholic. 

On  Vegetable  Diet. 

((  Fat  paunches  have  lean  pates  ;  and 
dainty  bits 

Make  rich  the  ribs,  but  banker  out 
the  wits.” 

Love's  Labour  Lost. 

AM  US  quo  ducit  gula — was  the 
answer  of  a  friend,  whom  an 
ingenious  Physician  exhorted  to 
change  his  diet  to  that  of  Vegetables, 
when  he  was  evidently  tending,  though 
not  very  fast,  to  the  grave. — Our  ha¬ 
bits  and  prejudices  become  our  se¬ 
cond  nature, — we  disincline  to  look 
into  any  thing  either  that  proves 
their  absurdity,  or  even  offers  a  pre¬ 
ferable 


128 


On  Vegetable  Diet. 


ferable  result  —  it  is  irksome  to 
change  the  course  of  any  Vice,  any 
habitual  pursuit,  or  to  turn  to  any 
review  of  it,  which  tends  to  our  con¬ 
viction,  and  exposes  us  to  the  trou¬ 
ble  of  new  measures,  new  systems,  or 
different  objects,  bodily,  mentally  or 
morally,  though  one  should  rise  from 
the  dead,  or  though  some  being 
should  come  with  healing  on  his  wings. 

It  may  afford  your  numerous  Read¬ 
ers  and  some  of  your  Correspondents 
no  very  unsatisfactory  inquiry  whe¬ 
ther  a  Vegetable  Diet  has  been  fairly 
treated  by  the  publick,  and  whether  it 
is  possible  efficaciously  and  safely  to 
alter  at  least  some  of  our  sensations, 
and  to  get  rid  of  some  of  our  pains 
and  uneasinesses,  by  amending  the 
state  of  the  stomach  itself — and  by 
this  habitual  alteration  to  prolong  our 
comforts  and  also  our  lives! 

Although  the  human  frame  is 
greatly  concerned  with  its  climate 
and  manner  of  habitual  life ;  yet, 
while  we  value  the  comforts  of  life 
and  the  length  of  our  days,  it  is  not 
illaudable  to  study  what  is  most 
likely  to  acquire  them, — and  where 
we  can  choose  the  place  in  which  we 
would  devote  the  rest  of  our  exist¬ 
ence  on  this  terrestrial  globe,  it  is 
most  wise  to  seek  that  which  will, 
besides  its  social  necessities  and  bless¬ 
ings,  be  productive  of  bodily  health. 

The  Ancients,  says  Vitruvius,  in  all 
such  cases,  inspected  the  liver  of  ani¬ 
mals,  and  from  its  appearance  judged 
of  the  salubrity  of  its  soil  and  pro¬ 
ducts;  for  it  is  well  observed  by  all 
travellers,  that  there  are  peculiar  dis¬ 
eases  belonging  to  peculiar  climates, 
— those  affecting  the  liver  are  found 
in  Hindostan — in  most  parts  of  Asia, 
which  continues  a  relaxing  climate, 
the  effects  of  internal  disease  fire  ap¬ 
parent.  The  features  of  an  Asiatic, 
said  Hippocrates,  De  Aere,  1.  3.  de¬ 
note  the  effect  of  a  relaxing  climate, 
timidity,  effeminacy,  and  an  unwarlike 
spirit,  compared  to  those  of  an  Eu¬ 
ropean —  to  which  may  be  added  do¬ 
minion  and  absolute  monarchy,  “  a 
condition  which  by  necessity  engen¬ 
ders  cunning,  selfishness,  and  pusillani¬ 
mity.  Europeans,  on  the  other  hand, 
possess  liberty  and  property,  living 
sunder  the  safeguard  of  laws,  which 
produce  a  character  marked  with 
boldness,  pride,  and  independence.” 

In  marshy  places,  the  colour  is 
pallid— the  speech  slow— the  inhabit¬ 


[Aug. 

ants  live  in  a  dull  moist  atmosphere  ; 
— as  in  Zealand,  on  the  Scheld,  Wal- 
cheren,  and  Beveland,  &c.  and  in  some 
parts  of  England,  where  all  the  pre¬ 
valent  use  of  spirituous  stimulants  do 
not  effect  a  change  of  habit.— Now 
facts  and  observation  combine  to 
shew  that  in  China,  the  East  Indies, 
&c.  the  patients  recover  much  sooner 
of  accidents,  over  stimulants,  wounds, 
and  liver  cases,  by  vegetable  diet, 
than  is  found  to  be  the  case  in  Eu¬ 
rope —  where  meat  and  fermented 
liquors  are  the  usual  diet,  and  that 
frequently  used  in  one  day.  The  sys¬ 
tem  wears  faster  under  a  mixed  than 
under  a  vegetable  regimen :  in  both 
persons  the  difference  seems  to  have 
been  about  seven  years  of  life. — This 
extension  does  not  attract  us  while  we 
enjoy  youth  and  health ;  but,  as  we  ad¬ 
vance,  many  would  gladly  add  seven 
years  to  their  present  existence,  when 
theirdiet  and  habitsof  Jiving  have  been 
such  as  to  discourage  all  hopes  of  it.  By 
animal  food,  all  the  usual  irritations  of 
our  corporeal  habits  appear  to  stimu¬ 
late  to  excessive  action,  which  is  fol¬ 
lowed  by  premature  exhaustion  ;  ab¬ 
stemiousness  from  it,  on  the  contrary, 
though  it  may  not  cure  any  constitu¬ 
tional  disease,  will  assuage  its  violence, 
will  retard  its  corrosive  power, will  set 
a  barrier  to  its  fatal  rapidity:  length 
of  life,  diminution  of  suffering,  and 
actual  increase  of  enjoyment,  are  in 
favour  of  this  regimen.  Here  it  is  to 
be  remarked,  in  favour  to  those  who 
dislike  the  use  of  medicine,  that  it  is- 
diet,  and  not  medicine,  which  will  effect 
health  in  ordinary  cases:  our  general 
food  tends  to  load  the  head,  and  give 
an  unnatural  fulness  to  the  face,  the 
size  and  high  colour  of  which  are  too 
often  mistaken  for  health  and  beauty 
in  modern  times — but  it  was  other¬ 
wise  by  the  Antients,  who  were  not  so 
easily  deceived. — It  is  said  by  Dr. 
Lambe  that  400  persons  of  Manches¬ 
ter,  who  from  religious  principles  ab¬ 
stain  from  animal  food,  are  in  fact 
more  healthy  than  their  neighbours, 
whatever  may  be  their  appearance. 

Most,  if  not  all  of  the  Southern 
Nations,  adopt  light  food; — and  they 
are  consequently  more  lively  anil 
healthy  than  the  Northern  nations 
who  use  animal  food; — and  water 
contributes  in  great  degree  to  assist 
climate  and  food  to  affect  and  charac¬ 
terize  the  inhabitants  of  every  coun¬ 
try.  Animal  food  generates  disease 


129 


1818.]  On  Vegetable  Diet . 


and  particularly  insanity, — and  young 
persons  are  most  opeti  to  its  effect, 
because  they  have  more  sensibility. 
Old  men,  says  Hippocrates,  have  less 
sickness  than  the  young;  age  pro¬ 
duces  a  diminution  of  sensibility, — 
and  “  it  is  highly  probable  that  when 
the  acute  inflammations  prove  fatal, 
the  vitality  of  the  system  is  de¬ 
stroyed,  as  it  were,  before  the  at¬ 
tack.”  (Lambe).  The  same  writer 
observes,  that  the  memory,  under¬ 
standing,  and  imagination  encrease  un¬ 
der  a  vegetable  diet,  but  every  one  is 
heavy  after  animal  food;  with  the 
former  it  is  morning  all  day:  “  and 
thpse  races  of  men  who  admit  into 
their  nutriment  a  large  portion  of 
fruit,  and  recent  vegetable  matter, 
unchanged  by  culinary  art,  have  a 
form  of  body  the  largest,  of  the  most 
perfect  proportion,  and  the  greatest 
beauty ;  and  they  have  the  greatest 
strength  and  activity,  and  probably 
they  enjoy  the  best  health,”  as  the 
natives  of  the  Pacific  Ocean.  Ibid. 

The  gift  of  teeth  to  the  frame  of 
man  is  no  proof  of  a  Divine  intention 
that  he  should  feed  on  flesh,  because 
many  entirely  granivorous  animals  are 
furnished  with  teeth  and  grinders  far 
more  effectual  than  ours. 

Linnaeus  deemed  vegetable  Diet  to 
be  the  most  suitable  to  man ;  but  Ga¬ 
len  said  that  all  fruits  were  of  bad 
composition,  and  useful  only  to  per¬ 
sons  who  have  been  exposed  to  great 
heat,  or  harassed  by  a  long  journey  ; 
yet  he  has  at  other  times  acknow¬ 
ledged  that  they  afford  perfect  nou¬ 
rishment,  and  we  all  know  the 
pleasure  which  they  excite  to  the  pa¬ 
late,  and  their  aid  to  digestion.  With 
all  children  and  persons  whose  sto¬ 
machs  are  not  vitiated  by  a  sophis¬ 
ticated  life,  fruit  and  vegetables  un¬ 
boiled,  and  to  these  milk  may  sure¬ 
ly  be  added  from  experience,  are 
most  efficacious  against  attacks  of 
scurvy;  and  Dr.  Lambe  concludes  one 
of  his  arguments,  that,  “  an  abund¬ 
ant  supply  of  vegetable  food  is  neces¬ 
sary  to  the  coinpleat  and  perfect  or¬ 
ganization  of  the  human  body.” 

It  would  open  too  large  a  field  for 
the  limits  of  one  letter,  to  inquire 
what  would  become  of  the  mauy  ani¬ 
mals  now  bred  purposely  for  food, — 
and  what  would  become  of  them  if 
half  at  least  of  the  number  slain  were 
suffered  to  live — their  herbage  would 
be  insufficient  to  support  them,  and 

Gent.  Mag.  August,  1818. 

*0 


the  oxen  and  horses  destined  for  la¬ 
bour.  This  question  must  be  left  to 
Mr.  Malthus. 

Such  are  some  of  the  reasonings 
which  have  been  adduced  in  favour 
of  vegetable  diet,  and  many  of  them 
have  been  already  very  ably  treated 
and  produced  by  Dr.  Lambe,— but  it 
must  be  allowed  on  the  other  side, 
that  however  powerful  these  reason¬ 
ings  and  facts  may  prove,  still  we  find 
numbers  sufficient  to  warrant  a  doubt, 
who  have  lived  in  sophisticated  life 
till  old  age,  in  good  bodily  health,  and 
not  sufferers  by  the  evil  effects  as  re¬ 
presented  of  animal  food  :  and  in  the 
class  of  life  most  invariably  devoted 
to  bodily  labour, activity, and  strength, 
in  the  greaf  cities,  and  whose  earnings 
oblige  them  to  dwell  with  numerous 
families  in  the  places  least  open  to  sa¬ 
lubrious  air,  we  find  a  race  hardy  and 
vigorous,  and  children  healthy  and 
strong,  whose  diet  is  meat  salted, 
strong  beer,  and  spirituous  liquors 
of  the  worst  and  most  deleterious 
quality;  and  if  they  do  not  suffer  the 
latter  to  prevail,  they  reach  to  very 
advanced  life.  It  is  also  to  be  con¬ 
sidered  that  many  other  concurrents, 
besides  diet,  tend  to  affect  and  to  re¬ 
duce  or  to  prolong  the  continuance 
of  life,  so  that  most  of  our  cases  are 
but  ex-parte  evidence ;  for  unless 
we  can  limit  a  person  to  one  process 
only,  and  secure  that  he  should  not 
be  affected  by  any  of  the  externals 
which  generally  attach  themselves  to 
human  existence,  in  almost  every 
state  of  human  being,  it  is  next  to 
impossible  for  the  most  penetrating 
and  philosophic  inquirer,  to  pro¬ 
nounce  that  its  exciting  causes  were 
to  be  ascribed  to  one  diet  or  to  ano¬ 
ther.  Constitutions  are  as  varying 
as  countenances  and  stature, — their 
affections  are  as  different, — their  sus¬ 
ceptibilities  are  as  distinct,  —  their 
pronenesses,  their  strengths,  and  their 
weaknesses,  are  alike  as  discordant 
and  dissimilar  as  their  judgment,  their 
propensities,  and  their  habits. — How 
then,  it  may  be  asked,  shall  varying 
and  erring  man,  the  compound  of 
these  diversities,  systematize  what  is 
not  governable  by  postulate,  or  re¬ 
gulate  a  superstructure  whose  basis 
yet  remains  to  be  discovered  ? 

Dr.  Lambe,  in  his  Reports  on  Regi¬ 
men  in  chronic  diseases,  asserts  pro¬ 
foundly  hisobjectionsagainstall  animal 
food,  and  at  the  close  dissents  to  the 

common 


130 

common  use  of  water  and  spirituous 
and  fermented  liquors,  so  that  i  ruit  and 
recent  vegetables,  that  is,  not  boiled , 
should  be  our  only  food,  and  that 
our  common  foods  and  drinks  are  all 
deleterious,  apoplectic,  poisonous  and 
paralytic!  and  that  man  from  his 
erect  posture,  and  shape  of  his  mouth, 
and  the  shallow  palm  of  bis  hand,  is 
not  made  a  drinking  animal :  and  that 
fruit  and  vegetables  supply  moisture 
enough  until  the  palate  is  vitiated. — 
But  in  all  this  he  is  silent  on  the  grand 
provision  for  the  earliest  sustenance 
of  man  and  of  animals,  which  is  li¬ 
quid-maternal  milk,  by  which  in¬ 
fancy  is  fed  in  general,  and  by  no  so¬ 
lid.  He  does  not  advert  to  the  fact 
of  the  earliest  history  of  man,  which 
proves  him  to  seek  the  flesh  of  am- 
mals  and  fish  for  his  subsistence;  and 
not  very  unfrequently  this  is  washed 
down  with  some  juice  of  a  plant  or 
fruit,  made  by  his  own  art  into  a  kind 
of  fermented  liquor,  sometimes  in¬ 
toxicating. 

That  fermented  liquors  may  in  ge¬ 
neral  be  deleterious,  may  arise  from 
some  ingredients  infused;  but  why  he 
should  attach  to  water,  not  distilled, 
any  such  effects,  is  very  mysterious, 
and  not  sufficiently  explained.  He 
mentions  some  animals  who  appa¬ 
rently  never  drink , — a  brown  Owl  is 
mentioned,  who  lived  a  year  without 
water  (this  does  not  prove  to  me  that 
it  was  its  natural  course  so  to  do); 
a  Lama  of  Peru  lived  in  London  with¬ 
out  liquids;  at  Zimmor,  an  Island  in 
the  Red  Sea  without  water,  there  are 
Antelopes  and  Byrenas;  the  Argali  or 
wild  sheep  do  not  drink,  and  there 
are  Deer  so  wild,  they  live  upon  dry 
mountains. — But  these  curious  in¬ 
stances  do  not  govern  the  question  as 
to  Man  ;  either  history  and  tradition 
have  been  written  upon  sophisticated 
conceptions,  or  they  are  true,  in  tell¬ 
ing  us  that  the  earliest  of  our  race 
slaked  their  thirst  at  the  neighbour¬ 
ing  fountains;  and  that  as  water  not 
distilled,  nor  changed  by  filtering 
stones  from  its  natural  state,  was  iu 
common  use  in  the  earliest  ages  of 
mankind,  as  well  for  their  thirst,  as 
for  the  refreshment  and  fertilization 
of  the  soil  itself,  we  are  yet  to  learn, 
how  this  should  have  been  provided 
by  an  unerring  Providence,  if  it  was 
deleterious, — and  how  the  antedilu¬ 
vian  race  lived  to  the  age  of  800 
years,  when  water  was  used  by  them 


[Aug. 

without  any  of  the  arts  that  Dr. 
Lambe  recommends  as  necessary  to 
prevent  its  destruction  of  the  human 
frame!  yet  he  says,  that  “common 
water  has  the  same  effect  upon  ani¬ 
mals  as  upon  man,”  and  that  “  they 
are  more  or  less  healthy  according  to 
the  purity  of  the  water  which  they 
use.”  p.  26S. — If  no  water  is  pure  un¬ 
til  it  has  been  distilled,  and  if  it  is 
necessary  that  it  should  be  boiled  be¬ 
fore  it  be  drank,  how  is  society  to 
live  together?  for  each  individual 
roust  be  so  governed  by  his  own  plan 
in  this  case,  that  before  he  can  asso¬ 
ciate,  he  must  inquire,  whether  every 
other  person  distills  water  before  he 
uses  it  in  either  beverage  or  food,  &c * 
or  every  individual  must  be  possessed 
of  proper  utensils  for  this  purpose.  If 
such  could  be  an  established  custom 
in  towns,  how  can  it  he  found  in  fo¬ 
rests,  and  in  the  myriads  of  mankind 
who  live  without  any  such  contri¬ 
vances  ? — Where  is  this  to  be  found  in 
Asia,  Arabia,  Africa,  America,  and 
the  Islands  of  the  South  Sea,  all  which 
produce  the  most  beautiful,  the  best 
proportioned,  the  most  athletic  per¬ 
sons,  who  enjoy  the  longest  lives,  of 
the  human  race?  and  yet  they  all 
eat  flesh,  some  of  them  human  flesh, 
and  drink  the  water  of  their  rivers 
and  brooks;  and  we  know  from  sacred 
history,  that  great  part  of  the  flesh  of 
their  sacrifices  was  eaten  during  the 
ceremony  ;  and  that  under  the  dispen¬ 
sation  of  carnal  ordinances,  this  prac¬ 
tice  was  permitted:  any  abuse  of  it  to 
gluttony  is  extra  to  this  argument  j 
it  was  as  undutiful  and  irreligious  as 
intoxication  at  a  Greek  libation. 

Dr.  Lambe  also  forbids  Milk  as  a 
diet,  being  animal  food ;  and  he  says 
they  do  not  use  milk  as  a  diet  through¬ 
out  all  China, — but  in  Lapland  they 
milk  the  Rein  deer  daily,  and  by  be¬ 
ing  frozen  it  is  kept  perfect  aud  fit 
for  use  during  the  Winter  months, 
and  is  a  substitute  for  vegetable  food. 
I  should  like  to  see  a  table  of  the 
ages  of  these  two  nations. — Dr.  Price 
said  that  in  London,  one  in  forty  ar¬ 
rives  at  the  age  of  80  years.  All  Spe- 
culatists  are  insensibly  disciples  of 
Procrustes.  A.H. 

Mr.  Urban,  West  Square,  Aug. 
HE  following  remarkable  instance 
of  superstitious  co-incidence  may, 
to  some  of  your  Readers,  appear  not 
unworthy  of  notice. 


On  Vegetable  Diet. 


1818.] 


Superstitious  Coincidence Artificial  Rain . 


13! 


It  is  well  known  to  every  classical 
scholar,  that  the  ancient  Greeks  gave 
to  the  Furies  the  name  of  Eumenides 
(the  “ good-natured ,  mild,  or  friendly 
Goddesses ”)  from  a  superstitious  dread 
of  their  malignity,  and  a  wish  to 
sooth  and  conciliate  thepn  by  that 
Haltering  title : — and  it  is  equally  well 
known,  that  the  ancient  Romans,  for 
the  same  reason,  thought  it  expedient 
to  flatter  the  inhabitants  of  the  other 
world,  by  giving  to  the  Spirits  of  the 
dead  the  appellation  of  Manes  —  i.  e. 
“The  Good  People”— Uom  the  antique 
word,  Manis,  good*. 

I  have  now  to  add,  that,  at  tne 
present  day,  and  under  similar  impres¬ 
sions,  the  lower  class  of  the  Irish  pea¬ 
santry  observe  the  same  respectful 
caution  in  speaking  of  the  Fairies, 
whom  they  generally  consider  as  ma¬ 
lignant,  mischievous  beings,  very  dif¬ 
ferent  from  those  frolicsome,  good- 
natured  elves,  that  perform  so  many 
kind  offices  for  rustic  maids  who  hap¬ 
pen  to  be  in  favour  with  them.  Such, 
then,  being  the  disposition  of  the  Irish 
Fairies,  it  is  thought  prudent  to  keep 
on  good  terms  with  them  ;  and,  with 
a  view  to  this,  they  are  usually  desig¬ 
nated  by  the  flattering  title  of  “  The 
Good  People” —a.  title,  deemed  so  in¬ 
dispensable,  that,  if  a  child  should  in¬ 
advertently  mention  them  by  the  sim¬ 
ple  name  of  “  Fairies,”  he  would  be 
as  quickly  and  anxiously  reprimanded, 
as  if  speaking  treason  in  the  hearing 
of  a  magistrate.  John  Carey. 

Mr.  Urban,  West  Square,  Aug.  4. 

HE  unusual  heat  and  drought  of 
the  present  summer  have  sug¬ 
gested  to  me  the  idea  of  inviting  the 
attention  of  farmers  and  gardeners  to 
the  question,  how  far  they  might  be¬ 
nefit  themselves  and  the  community' 
by  having  recourse  to  artificial  rain , 
in  default  of  the  natural.  In  a  word, 
if,  either  by  derivation  from  rivers, 
lakes,  ponds,  &c.  or  by  the  sinking  of 
proper  wells,  they  were  to  procure  a 
sufficient  supply  of  water — and  should 
keep  men  regularly  employed  in  re¬ 
freshing  their  grounds  by  frequent 
and  effectual  irrigation  in  dry  weather 
— the  question  is,  whether  the  addi¬ 
tional  abundance  of  the  crops  would 
not  yield  them  a  surplus  profit,  after 
paying  the  labourers  so  employed. 

*  Whence  Immanis ,  the  reverse  of 
good. 


If  it  be  objected,  that  the  assistance 
of  those  additional  labourers  would 
he  unnecessary  in  rainy  seasons,  and 
that  they  must  then  either  he  destitute 
of  work  and  subsistence,  or  prove  a 
heavy  burden  on  their  employers;  I 
would  suggest,  that,  in  those  seasons 
also,  they  might  be  very  usefully  em¬ 
ployed,  partly  in  raising,  turning,  and 
ventilating  the  unreaped  corn,  and 
thus  preventing  it  from  rotting  on  the 
ground;  partly  in  reaping  it  in  small 
successive  quantities,  to  be  dried  un¬ 
der  sheds  extemporarily  erected  by 
themselves  for  the  occasion. 

Were  this  practice  to  be  adopted, 
it  might  perhaps  be  found,  that  the 
increased  quantities  of  produce  would 
not  only  afford  subsistence  to  those 
men  during  the  whole  year,  but  yield 
to  their  employers  an  increased  in¬ 
come,  together  with  the  cheering  and 
habitual  gratification  of  knowing, 
nearly  £0  a  certainty,  that  their  crops, 
though  they  might  occasionally  vary 
in  quantity  or  quality,  could  never 
totally  fail;  never,  at  least,  from  the 
deficiency  or  excess  of  rain. 

If  the  plan  were  relished,  the  Legis¬ 
lature  might  effectually  and  advan¬ 
tageously  encourage  the  sinking  of 
wells,  and  the  use  of  watering-engines, 
by  various  regulations,  which  it  is 
not  necessary  for  me  to  suggest. 

Yours,  &c.  John  Carey. 

P.  S.  The  readers  of  Voyages  aud 
Travels  hardly  need  to  be  reminded  of 
the  happy  and  wonderful  effects  pro¬ 
duced  by  irrigation  in  other  countries, 
particularly  in  China,  where  gardens, 
first  created  by  human  industry,  are 
successfully  cultivated  amid  the  al¬ 
most  inaccessible  crags  of  sun-burnt 
rocks,  originally  bare  and  barren. 

Mr.U rb a n,  Wormingford,  J uly  29. 
N  passing  through  the  antient  bo¬ 
rough  of  Eye,  a  few  days  since,  I 
accidentally  heard  that  some  urns 
had  been  found  on  the  preceding  days 
by  two  labourers,  who  were  employed 
in  digging  gravel  for  the  use  of  the 
parish.  Although  much  pressed  for 
time,  I  could  not  resist  proceeding  to 
the  spot,  where  I  arrived  at  the  very  mo¬ 
ment  the  men  were  earnestly  engaged 
in  removing  with  their  pocket  knives, 
the  sand  which  surrounded  an  urn 
they  had  then  met  with.  These  mo¬ 
dern  Goths  had  already  derived  suf¬ 
ficient  experience  to  instruct  them  in 
the  delicate  nature  of  their  new  com¬ 
modity, 


132 


Roman  Cemetery  in  Suffolk  discovered. 


rnodity,  and  in  the  great  nicety  that 
•was  requisite  to  prevent  its  dissolution 
'when  first  exposed  to  the  atmosphere. 
Success  attended  their  efforts,  and  it 
was  extracted  entire.  They  seemed 
after  a  very  short  service  in  this  em¬ 
ployment,  to  have  imbibed  some  por¬ 
tion  of  the  spirit  of  antiquaries,  for 
on  the  slightest  appearance  of  one  of 
these  dusky  tenants  of  the  soil,  they 
threw  aside  the  pick,  the  shovel,  and 
the  barrow,  and  were  only  regardful 
of  the  integrity  of  the  vessel  they  had 
discovered. 

During  the  two  hours  I  remained  in 
the  field  fourteen  sepulchral  relicks 
of  antiquity  presented  themselves  to 
the  point  of  the  mattock,  out  of 
which  three  only  were  extracted  en¬ 
tire;  the  rest  were  generally  of  so 
tender  a  nature,  as  not  to  endure 
the  slightest  pressure  or  exposure; 
the  contents,  however,  of  those  which 
thus  crumbled  away,  were  carefully 
ransacked  with  the  expectation  of 
their  enclosing  some  valuable  coin, 
utensil,  or  ornament  of  dress  s  In  this 
research  they  were  not  entirely  disap¬ 
pointed,  although  but  little  variety 
gratified  our  view;  The  articles  which 
were  picked  up  during  my  observation 
consisted  in  a  few  fragments  of  iron 
sheers,  of  the  same  shape  as  those 
commonly  used  by  grooms,  although 
the  length  did  not  exceed  the  size ”of 
small  scissors.  The  metal  was  ex¬ 
ceedingly  corroded,  and  none  were 
perfect.  Two  ivory  buttons,  resem¬ 
bling  in  shape  a  globe  of  half  an  inch 
diameter,  divided  in  the  centre;  the 
shank  of  the  buttons  was  consumed, 
but  the  holes  where  it  was  inserted 
were  clearly  visible.  The  most  cu¬ 
rious  thing  was  a  pair  of  tweezers, 
abouttwo  inches  and  a  halt  long.  They 
are  as  perfect  as  if  recently  taken 
from  the  hands  of  the  artizan;  the 
shape  of  the  instrument  corresponds 
so  exactly  with  those  now  in  general 
use,  that  had  I  observed  them  else¬ 
where,  I  should  have  judged  them  the 
manufacture  of  the  present  day.  Their 
metal  is  of  brass,  hut  finely  crusted 
over  with  the  inimitable  bloom  of 
antiquity.  1  observed  them  lying  in 
their  antient  bed  of  ashes,  one  side  of 
the  urn  having  crumbled  away.  Near 
them  was  a  small  fragment,  (I  believe 
of  gold)  about  two  inches  long,  but 
to  what  it  originally  belonged  (not 
being  conversant  iu  antiquities)  I 
pould  form  no  opinion. 


[Aug, 

The  site  of  this  noble  cemetery 
is  in  an  enclosure,  belonging  to  the 
abbey  farm,  the  property  of  the  Mar¬ 
quis  Cornwallis,  a  mile  from  the 
town,  and  lying  on  the  Southern  side 
of  a  rivulet,  which  divides  Eye  from 
the  parish  of  Broome.  It  is  distant 
from  the  river  about  150  yards,  and 
the  first  excavation  was  made  where 
the  ground  begins  to  slope  towards 
the  meadows.  By  a  survey  which  I 
made,  it  appears  that  120  square  yards 
of  land  have  been  ransacked,  in  which 
space  upwards  of  150  urns  werefound' 
in  three  or  four  days.  Of  these  seven¬ 
teen  now  remain  in  a  fine  state  of  pre¬ 
servation,  and  are  carefully  secured, 
with  their  contents  untouched,  to  gra¬ 
tify  the  taste  and  to  adorn  the  man¬ 
sion  of  the  Nobleman  on  whose  do¬ 
main  the  discovery  was  made. 

That  the  urns  were  placed  very 
contiguous  to  each  other,  is  evident 
from  the  number  found  in  so  small  a 
space  which  have  not  perished  ;  but 
whether  any  regularity  or  order  was 
observed  as  to  the  manner  in  which 
they  were  deposited,  has  not  been  re¬ 
marked,  I  paid  a  particular  attention 
to  the  depth  they  laid,  and  found  that 
it  varied  from  four  inches  to  two  feet 
from  the  surface.  Indeed  I  saw  two 
so  near  the  top  of  the  land,  that  the 
plough  had  severed  and  carried  away 
a  considerable  portion  of  each.  The 
bones  or  ashes  seem  to  have  suffered 
but  little  from  the  lapse  of  centuries, 
for  I  do  not  conceive  that  they  could 
have  been  of  a  much  firmer  texture 
when  they  were  first  calcined.  One 
continued  layer  of  pebbles  forms  a 
kind  of  pavement  over  the  whole, 
which  is  generally  within  nine  inches 
or  a  foot  of  the  surface. 

Those  urns  which  had  been  capable 
of  resisting  the  air,  were  removed  to 
a  neighbouring  cottage,  whither  I 
was  invited  to  inspect  them.  I  counted 
twelve  which  all  differed  in  size,  shape, 
and  in  the  ornamental  marks  which 
appear  on  their  superficies.  Their 
height  varies  from  five  to  nine  inches, 
and  some  were  much  more  elegant 
than  others.  The  labourers  remarked 
that  they  had  not  found  two  to  cor¬ 
respond  in  any  respect.  The  external 
ornaments  are  of  the  most  simple 
kind,  and  are,  I  presume,  the  extem¬ 
poraneous  production  of  the  potter’s 
fancy,  consisting  of  lines,  curves,  an¬ 
gles,  and  dots  marked  in  the  clay, 
previous  to  their  undergoing  the  ope¬ 
ration 


1  S3 


1818.]  Homan  Cemetery  .—On  French  Character ,  S(c. 


ration  of  fire.  The  Urns  were  filled 
with  calcined  bones,  nearly  to  the 
brim,  and  were  topped  up  with  very 
fine  sand. 

This  discovery  is  of  so  recent  a 
date,  that  the  extent  of  the  Cemetery 
has  not  yet  been  ascertained.  It  may 
be  of  considerable  magnitude,  and  it 
is  not  improbable  that  something 
may  be  brought  to  light,  sufficient  to 
repay  the  trouble  of  a  minute  exa¬ 
mination. 

The  exquisite  delight,  which  this  un¬ 
usual  spectacle  afforded  me  is  not  easily 
to  be  described,  for  independent  of  the 
gratification  which curiosityalone must 
derive  from  so  rare  an  incident,  sen¬ 
sations  the  most  awful  were  involun¬ 
tarily  produced  by  the  solemnity  of  a 
scene,  whose  area  included  such  nu¬ 
merous  relicks  of  an  illustrious  peo¬ 
ple.  My  enjoyment,  however,  was  of 
a  solitary  description,  for  except  the 
workmen,  there  were  no  spectators 
to  participate  in  my  feelings;  not  an 
individual  was  lured  to  the  spot  to 
witness  the  interesting  research.  So 
little  are  the  ashes  of  those  who  once 
proudly  lorded  o’er  the  fields,  now 
heeded  by  their  incurious  successors. 

Surely  it  is  to  be  lamented,  that 
after  the  discovery  was  made,  all  ope¬ 
rations  were  not,  either  suspended  al¬ 
together,  or  at  least  performed  under 
the  guidance  of  a  skilful  antiquary, 
from  whose  observation  an  additional 
light  might  have  been  diffused  on  the 
study,  which  has  afforded  to  human 
knowledge  some  of  its  most  valuable 
acquisitions.  The  field,  however,  is 
not  exhausted  in  this  Cemetery,  and 
the  implements  of  destruction  having 
for  a  time  given  place  to  the  arms  of 
Ceres,  it  is  to  be  hoped,  that  before 
the  former  are  resumed,  this  imper¬ 
fect  account  may  induce  some  en¬ 
lightened  neighbour  to  arrest  the 
progress  of  that  barbarism  which,  for 
a  few  loads  of  gravel,  has  rooted  up, 
without  proper  investigation,  one 
perhaps  ot  the  most  extensive  known 
monuments  of  Roman  veneration. 

Yours,  &c.  Viator. 

On  French  Character  and  Criticism , 
— Remarks  on  Madame  De  Stael, 
and  M.  De  Chateaubriand. 

ERE  the  characters  and  the 
genius  of  every  nation  on  our 
globe  exactly  assimilated,  were  there 
no  shades  of  distinction,  or  variety  of 


disposition  discernible  in  the  predi* 
lections,  and  the  intellectual  senti¬ 
ments  of  people  detached  and  sepa¬ 
rated  from  each  other  by  natural  bar¬ 
riers  or  political  consent,  half  the  in¬ 
terest  which  now  attaches  to  the  study 
and  the  history  of  mankind  would  be 
lost.  A  considerable  share  of  the  in¬ 
terest  and  the  high  intellectual  delight 
which  sometimes  now  accompanies  the 
student,  as  he  pursues  his  disquisitions 
on  the  genius  and  character  of  man, 
as  developed  in  successive  ages,  as 
he  ranges  over  the  diversified  records 
of  his  actions,  and  the  objects  of  his 
ambition,  must  have  ceased. 

As, however,  in  individuals  thegreat- 
est  possible  variety  is  often  discern¬ 
ible  in  their  tastes  and  mental  charac¬ 
teristics, — as  multifarious  pursuits  di¬ 
vide  their  attention,  and  bound  their 
desires;  so  among  nations,  which  are 
the  aggregate  assemblage  of  a  society 
of  individuals,  living  by  consent  un¬ 
der  the  same  laws,  and  using  the  same 
customs,  the  mental  energies  and  the 
general  complexion  of  their  literary 
opinions  may  be  thought  to  be  varied 
in  an  almost  equal  ratio. 

Whatever,  speaking  philosophi¬ 
cally,  be  the  real  operative  cause  of 
this  diversity  among  nations;  whether 
it  be  occasioned  by  physical  effects  on 
the  system,  whether  atmosphere  and 
climate  be  the  sole  instrument,  or 
whether  some  original  and  distinctive 
trait  of  genius,  has  ever  continued  to 
mark  the  first  settlers  in  countries, 
from  barbarism,  through  the  differ¬ 
ent  stages  of  civilization,  to  literary 
and  intellectual  eminence,  we  are  un¬ 
able  to  determine.  The  effects  have 
been  long  exhibiting  to  the  intelligent 
observer ;  the  originating  sources  may 
yet  be  the  result  of  much  inquiry. 
Among  this  diversity  in  feeling,  and 
in  moral  and  iiterary  character,  no 
nations  perhaps  hold  forth  a  greater 
contrast  to  each  other  than  Great 
Britain  and  France. 

In  deciding  upon  national  character 
and  national  sentiment,  however,  it 
must  always  be  recollected  that  nu¬ 
merous  exceptions  will  occur.  It  is 
the  great  majority  which  will  ever 
turn  the  scale  in  these  cases,  which 
majority,  if  it  be  always  found  to  in¬ 
cline  in  a  certain  direction,  is  taken 
for  demonstrative  evidence. 

Although  a  neighbouring  people, 
the  French  may  be  said,  when  viewed 
by  the  Philosopher  or  the  Poet,  to 


134 


On  French  Character  and  Criticism .  [Aug. 


fee  the  creature  of  another  hemi¬ 
sphere.  Possessing,  alike,  in  common 
with  ourselves,  the  advantages  of  a 
very  advanced  state  of  civilization, 
and  a  high  degree,  for  several  ages 
of  its  past  history,  of  literary  emi¬ 
nence,  they  yet  exhibit  in  their  native 
contexture  or  moral  disposition,  fea¬ 
tures  the  most  dissimilar  and  opposite 
to  the  inhabitants  of  our  own  island  ; 
features  or  traits  of  distinction  which 
are  allowed  by  those  who  are  most 
competent  to  judge  and  decide,  to 
have  been  long  indelibly  fixed  in  their 
constitutions,  and  to  have  been  parti¬ 
cularly  of  late  displayed  in  the  most 
striking  colours. 

In  their  civil,  political,  moral,  reli¬ 
gious,  and  social  character, the  French, 
always  dissimilar  to  the  English,  can 
at  the  same  time  scarcely  be  said  to 
have  approximated  so  nearly  to  a  stan¬ 
dard  of  high  refinement  and  real  ex¬ 
cellence.  In  the  three  last  capacities, 
especially,  it  has  long  been  allowed 
that  the  epoch  of  revolutionary  mad¬ 
ness,  when  it  changed  their  dynasty 
and  form  of  government,  introduced 
another  change  more  nearly  affecting 
their  character  as  intellectual  and  re¬ 
sponsible  creatures. — The  wide  aggre¬ 
gate  of  their  private  social  habits,  and 
moral  thinking,  received,  it  is  ac¬ 
knowledged,  another  and  an  addi¬ 
tional  bias.  Whilst,  on  the  one  hand, 
their  predominant  vanity  received  un¬ 
der  Buonaparte  a  new  impulse,  and  in¬ 
creased  in  a  ratio  proportionate  to  their 
unprecedented  military  successes  at- 
chieved  under  his  auspices,  their  su¬ 
perstition  and  credulity,  from  which 
they  made  it  their  glory  to  have  eman¬ 
cipated  at  this  signal  era,  was  succeed¬ 
ed  by  a  bold  and  frontless  scepticism, 
which  pervaded  most  ranks,  and  con¬ 
siderably  heightened,  if  possible,  that 
universal  relaxation  of  principle,  and 
the  catalogue  of  public  enormities, 
which  were  already  notorious  in  the 
sight  of  Europe. 

Those  fascinations  of  manners  which 
Chesterfield  once  said  were  sufficient, 
when  duly  tempered  with  the  good 
sense  and  sincerity  of  manners  which 
are  the  superior  characteristics  of  the 
English,  to  constitute  them  the  most 
amiable  of  human  beings,  in  a  degree 
still  continue;  but  when  associated,  as 
they  must  appear  to  be  in  every  re¬ 
flective  mind,  with  a  contempt  of 
many  things  sacred  and  moral,  which 
the  common  agreement  of  mankind 
have  generally  regarded  at  least  with 


respect,  they  cease  to  have  their  ef¬ 
fect.  The  great  bulk  of  the  higher 
and  middle  ranks,  and  perhaps  of  the 
lower,  are  not  improperly  thus  cha¬ 
racterized  ;  considerations  which  in 
some  other  nations  appear  of  weight, 
and  importance,  nay,  which  are  held 
sacred,  are  slightly  esteemed,  and 
are  waved  with  little  hesitation 
when  their  pleasure  or  ambition  are 
the  alternatives.  In  no  single  point 
of  view,  perhaps,  has  the  character¬ 
istic  vanity  of  France,  and  that  mar¬ 
velous  preference  which  on  most  oc¬ 
casions  her  Savans  scruple  not  to 
declare  for  whatever  bears  their 
own  name  and  impression,  been  more 
strikingly  displayed  than  in  some  of 
her  literary  performances.  Her  milU 
tary  greatness  and  renown  are  calcic 
lated  equally  to  form  the  basis  of  ap¬ 
plause  with  the  million,  and  with  the 
judicious  and  discerning;  the  display 
of  a  feeling  which  they  seem  to  have 
derived  from  nature,  is  therefore  from 
the  latter  to  be  expected  ;  but  in  the 
regions  of  critical  and  intellectual  lu¬ 
cubration,  which  seem  the  province 
of  superior  minds,  of  those  who  by 
reading  and  education  are  elevated  to 
higher  views,  and  juster  habits  of 
thinking,  when  we  see  that  the  same 
error  has  characterized  the  French, 
especially  whilst  employed  in  review¬ 
ing  the  performances  of  their  own 
soil  as  contrasted  with  those  of  foreign 
growth,  it  will  naturally  excite  asto¬ 
nishment  and  reprehension.  These 
erroneous  partialities  have  been  very 
increasingly  conspicuous  since  the  acra 
of  the  revolution,  an  event  which,  as  it 
confessedly  considerably  changed  their 
moral  character,  may  also  be  presumed 
to  have  had  no  small  influence  on  their 
literature.  The  national  egotism  (if 
we  may  thus  express  it)  at  once  at¬ 
tained  its  highest  summit ot  selt-gratu- 
lation  under  the  splendid  and  imposing 
military  despotism  of  Buonaparte  ;  and 
asit  placed  them  aloof  in  their  commer¬ 
cial  intercouse  lrom  other  countries, 
so  it  also  rendered  those  peculiar  ha¬ 
bits  of  thinking,  for  which  they  had 
long  been  distinguished,  and  which 
had  rendered  them  in  their  own  esti¬ 
mation  superior  to  all  other  people, 
far  more  visible.  Whoever  views  the 
speculations  of  the  most  eminent  wri¬ 
ters  among  the  French  during  the  last 
20  years  will,  in  very  many  instances, 
feel  the  truth  of  these  opinions.  It 
would  appear,  however,  from  a  re¬ 
ference  to  their  history 'that  the  lite- 
1  rary 


135 


1818.]  Qn  French  Criticism,  S(c. — Mad.de  Stael. 


rary  intercourse,  and  likewise  their 
conformity  in  literary  opinion  and 
sentiment  with  our  own,  was  formerly 
much  greater  than  it  has  existed  for 
the  last  50  years.  In  the  bright  days 
of  Lewis  XIVth,  even  if  we  date  from 
the  commencement  to  the  close  of 
that  lengthened  reign,  it  seems  that 
the  mutual  communications  of  literary 
men  were  frequent  and  extensive;  that 
a  liberal,  enlightened  and  social  spi¬ 
rit  of  intellectual  freedom  with  their 
neighbours  the  British,  was  rather  che¬ 
rished  aud  supported.  In  the  days  of 
Voltaire,  although  the  interviews  be¬ 
tween  the  Literati  of  the  two  coun¬ 
tries  were  still  kept  up,  that  genius  of 
illiberal  criticism  and  uarrow  jealousy 
which  has  continued  to  the  present 
day,  began  more  fully  to  manifest  it¬ 
self.  By  his  ignorant  but  arrogant 
attacks  upon  the^enius  and  writings 
of  our  greatest  Dramatist,  this  Philo- 
>.  sopher,  who  established  himself  as  the 
general  and  sole  arbiter  of  taste  aud 
propriety,  drew  down  the  eyes,  and  in 
some  instances  the  contempt  of  Eu¬ 
rope,  upon  a  writer  whom,  in  his 
sphere,  we  justly  consider  as  the  glory 
of  our  nation.  By  principally  hold¬ 
ing  forth  to  view  those  scenes  in  his 
writings,  which  although  they  are  loo 
frequent  in  his  most  elevated  and  ex¬ 
quisite  performances,  may  be  not  im¬ 
properly  designated  as  clouds  which 
obscure  the  sun  in  its  meridian  bright¬ 
ness,  he  has  considerably  diminished 
the  reputation  which  Shakespeare 
would  otherwise  have  enjoyed  on  fo¬ 
reign  soils. 

Since  thisperiod, doubtless  esteemed 
as  triumphant  by  the  French  Critic, 
who  was  secretly  offering  the  incense 
of  self-flattery  to  the  correctness  and 
more  polished  uniformity  of  his  own 
performances,  every  writerof  any  emi¬ 
nence  amongst  them  to  the  present  pe¬ 
riod,  has  thought  himself  especially 
privileged  to  abuse  and  expose  the 
literary  bluuders  and  incongruities  of 
their  brethren  on  this  side  the  water. 

Instances  might  be  multiplied  of 
authors  possessing  in  a  high  degree 
the  advantages  of  learning  and  ge- 
mus,  evincing  either  the  unfair  and 
malevolent  prejudices  of  which  it  is 
here  complained,  or  a  marvellous  ig¬ 
norance  of  the  subjects  on  w  hich  they 
write,  which,  proceeding  as  it  does 
from  the  mouth  of  authority,  is 
highly  reprehensible. 

We  will  here,  as  in  some  degree  j  usli- 
fyingthe8eopinions,name  Mad.de  Stael 


and  M.  Chateaubriand.  —  The  first  of 
these  has  been  celebrated,  if  not  beyond 
her  merits,  certainly  very  highly,  con¬ 
sidering  that  she  has  neither  given  to 
the  world  a  new  system  of  scientific 
discovery,  or  on  the  great  scale  of  li¬ 
terature,  any  very  striking  remarks 
in  liberal  and  enlightened  criticism. 
This  lady  would  have  shone  in  the 
walks  of  literature  with  more  perma¬ 
nent  and  more  real  lustre,  had  she 
not  sometimes  adventured  into  depths 
which  her  understanding,  it  maybe 
presumed,  scarcely  enabled  her  to  fa¬ 
thom  ;  and  to  review  systems,  the 
truth  or  the  fallacy  of  which  she  ne¬ 
ver  deigned  thoroughly  and  unpre¬ 
judicedly  to  examine.  Her  impa-  - 
tience  at  being  brilliant,  scarcely  al¬ 
lowed  her  to  think  deeply;  and  when 
perchance,  in  her  pruriency  for  build¬ 
ing  in  an  intellectual  sense  an  im¬ 
posing  fabric,  a  truth,  or  a  happy 
idea  in  philosophy  escapes  her,  it 
seems,  more  as  forming  a  part  of  an 
artificial  system  of  hypothesis  than  of 
the  cool  result  of  mature  judgment 
aod  sound  discriminating  sense.  She 
often  prides  herself  on  the  loftiness  of 
her  flights  in  matters  of  philosophy, 
rather  than  in  the  soundness  and 
the  accuracy  of  her  views  ;  the 
reader  will  not  therefore  be  disap¬ 
pointed  if  in  herphilosophical  writings 
he  expects  sometimes  to  find  rhapsody 
for  science,  and  well-drawn  sallies  of 
the  imagination  for  calm  and  sober 
investigation  of  the  understanding. 
Mad.  de  Stael’s  literary  labours  pre¬ 
sent,  in  various  instances,  a  com¬ 
pound  of  sentiment  and  matter  of  fact, 
of  fine  description  of  manners  and  of 
character,  and  of  reveries  of  disqui¬ 
sitions  in  the  ideal,  the  beautiful,  and 
the  sublime.  Dr.  Warton  has  com¬ 
plained  of  Pope,  that  he  has  in  the  last 
book  of  his  Dunciad,  without  any  dis¬ 
tinction  ofpropriety, mingled  in  strange 
and  utter  confusion  things  differing 
in  their  import  and  opposite  in  their 
tendency.  Mad.  de  Stael  has  not,  in  her 
philosophical  speculations  especially, 
sufficiently  avoided  this  fault  (if  it  be 
one)  of  running  her  subjects  one  into 
the  other,  and  philosophizing  without 
sufficient  plan  or  connexion,  so  that 
they  too  often  present  to  the  reader  a 
dazzling  glare  of  sentiments,  and  of 
elegant  ideas,  without  conveying  any 
thing  of  real  light,  or  information  to 
the  mind. 

She  by  no  means  renders  just  or 
honourable  testimony  to  English  ge¬ 
nius, 


136 


Mad.  de  StaeL- — M ,  de  Chateaubriand.  , 


aius,  which  in  the  course  of  her  lite¬ 
rary  works  she  has  occasion  to  notice. 
As  this,  however,  must  be  abundantly 
evident  to  all,  whether  natives  or  fo¬ 
reigners,  who  are  conversant  with 
British  literature,  the  task  of  accu¬ 
mulating  instances  of  this  neglect,  or 
prejudice,  would  be  superfluous.  It 
may  only  be  farther  observed  of  this 
celebrated  author,  that  the  country 
which  gave  her  birth,  and  the  climate 
that  nourished  her,  are  plainly  con¬ 
spicuous  in  her  writings;  that  flexi¬ 
bility  of  sentiment,  that  easy  transi¬ 
tion  from  the  lighter  concerns  of  lite¬ 
rature,  and  even  of  common  life, 
“  From  grave  to  gay,  from  lively  to 
severe,”  is  made  without  effort,  or 
constraint;  is  scarcely  to  be  found  in 
so  high  a  degree  in  the  performances 
of  any  of  her  predecessors  as  in  her 
own.  Mistress  of  the  powers  of  lan¬ 
guage,  she  has  turned  these  her  versa¬ 
tility  of  endowments  to  splendid  and 
imposing  account ;  and  if  she  cannot 
be  said  to  have  gained  immortality 
by  the  force  of  her  reason,  or  the  con¬ 
clusive  demonstration  of  her  positions, 
it  cannot  be  denied  that  as  a  writer, 
her  name  will  long  staud  conspicuous 
as  associated  with  high  and  varied 
stores  of  imagination.  Although, 
however,  on  the  whole,  foreign  to  the 
genius,  the  temper,  and,  we  may  add 
perhaps  without  national  prejudice, 
the  sound  and  discriminating  sense  of 
the  English,  examples  of  ideal  dis¬ 
quisition  in  those  regions  of  Philo¬ 
sophy  in  which  Mad.  de  Stael  Hol¬ 
stein  is  so  fond  of  expatiating,  are,  it 
must  be  acknowledged,  not  wanting 
among  our  owu  countrymen. 

M.de  Chateaubriand,  a  writer  gifted 
by  nature  with  very  considerable 
powers  of  mind,  and  of  description, 
may  be  thought  to  form,  among  the 
critics  of  our  own  day,  another  distin¬ 
guished  instance  in  the  modern  litera¬ 
ture  of  France,  of  the  excess  of  praise 
they  take  frequent  opportunity  of  be¬ 
stowing  on  their  own  writers;  and  of 
the  reprehensible  ignorance,  or  unac¬ 
countable  prejudice,  which  often  guides 
them  when  speaking  of  Euglish  man¬ 
ners,  literature,  and  genius. 

As  an  intelligent  and  justly  cele¬ 
brated  traveller,  the  character  of  M. 
Chateaubriand  does  not  appear  under 
its  brightest  colours,  when  a  critical 
analysis  on  the  subject  of  poetry  and 
cf  elegant  literature  forms  the  theme 
of  his  discourse.  Although  it  cannot 
be  denied  that  considerable  acumen, 
3 


and  even  taste,  often  on  such  occasions 
distinguish  him,  those  liberal  and  en¬ 
larged  ideas  that  expand  the  mind, 
that  enlightened  understanding  which 
is  acquired  and  perfected  by  travel, 
an  extensive  knowledge  of  mankind, 
and  that  benign  and  tolerant  spirit,  free 
from  national  prejudice,  which  de¬ 
lights  to  mark,  and  to  appreciate  ge¬ 
nius  of  every  age,  clime,  and  sect, — is 
evidently  wanting.  In  a  writer  con¬ 
cerning  whom  we  would  from  some 
characteristics  fain  believe  that  he 
was  endowed  by  nature  with  good 
sense  and  generosity  of  soul,  of  whom 
in  criticism  charity  would  hope  her 
best  things,  we  are  astonished  and  dis¬ 
appointed  to  find  such  an  admixture 
of  narrowness  of  view  and  instability 
of  character. 

On  the  whole,  the  reader  is  reluc¬ 
tantly  compelled  to  admit  that  M. 
Chateaubriand,  with  all  his  parts  and 
imagination, certainly  forms  one  among 
the  number  of  his  countrymen,  of  late 
so  numerous,  who,  despising  the  more 
elevated  principles  of  criticisiij,  which 
may  be  thought  to  distinguish  some 
of  their  ancestors,  have  adminis¬ 
tered  to  their  own  vanity,  at  the  ex¬ 
pense  of  every  sentiment  of  fairness 
and  impartiality. 

Through  such  means,  it  may  justly  be 
affirmed,  is  the  geuius  of  French  litera¬ 
ture,  and  especially  of  French  criticism, 
circumscribed  to  the  narrowness  which 
has  for  some  time  characterized  it. 

Although  the  great  national  cha¬ 
racter  which  now  marks  our  neigh¬ 
bours  on  the  other  side  of  the  water 
for  a  distinguished,  and,  in  certain 
respec  ts,  a  unique  people,  was  mani¬ 
festly  established  and  perpetuated  by 
other  means  than  those  which  may  be 
deduced  from  the  prejudices  and  illi- 
beralities  of  her  literary  men,  the 
film  which  has  with  very  few  excep¬ 
tions  darkened  the  eyes  and  the  un¬ 
derstandings  of  those,  who  have  un¬ 
dertaken  to  decide  on  the  intellectual 
attainments  of  surrounding  countries, 
is  yet  not  in  the  least  calculated  to  en¬ 
lighten  or  improve  those  to  whom 
their  lucubrations  are  more  particu¬ 
larly  addressed. 

from  the  influence  which  literature 
has  upon  society  and  manners,  the 
evil  we  complain  of  is  likely,  on  a 
great  scale,  to  generate  a  confined, 
mode  of  thinking,  and  to  create  an 
indifference  to  literary  merit,  except 
it  be  the  tree  and  indigenous  growth 
of  their  own  soil.  E.  P. 

REVIEW 


I  >37  ] 

REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


16.  Childe  Harold's  Monitor :  or,  Lines 
occasioned  by  the  last  Canto  of  Childe 
Harold,  including  Hints  to  other  Con¬ 
temporaries.  8 vo.  pp.  97.  Porter. 

PPLYING  to  the  Noble  Bard 
an  appropriate  quotation  from 
Virgil, 

- “  Crudelis  !  tu  quoque  falsis 

Ludis  imaginibus  ?” 

this  Veteran  Writer  and  highly  ac¬ 
complished  Critic,  still  active  in  the 
delectable  “  Pursuits  of  Literature,” 
affectionately  endeavours,  by  “  heal¬ 
ing  without  a  wound,”  to 
“Recall  the  Muse  to  Learning’s  noble  aim, 
And  waken  Harold  to  a  loftier  fame.” 
After  a  censure  on 

“  Cowper’s  false  light,  and  Wordsworth’s 
weaken’d  ray 
which  in  the  former 
“  Could  make  a  Jew’s-harp  of  a  Grecian 
lyre 

and  in  the  other 

“  Drive  the  fix’d  nonsense  of  a  new-born 
tongue,  [the  young 

Where  verse  should  ape  the  vulgar  and 
he  thus  reverts  to  the  immediate  sub¬ 
ject  of  the  Poem  : 

“  So,  matchless  Harold!  to  thyself  re¬ 
turns  [burns  ; 

The  song,  that  but  for  thee  with  satire 
And  pants  to  rescue  thee  from  sluggish 
ease,  [like  these. 

From  Gothic  wildness,  lov’d  by  times 
“Oh!  were  it  not  that  godlike  minds 
may  stoop  [group  ; 

To  drink  contagion  from  the  meanest 
Were  it  not  plainly,  pitifully  true, 

That  gross  compeers  have  stain’d  thee, 
Harold,  too  ; 

That  barbarous  bards  have  led  thee  to 
betray  [sway; 

Thy  native  tongue  to  Sloth’s  unmeaning 
To  broken  sense,  low  phrase,  and  rugged 
verse, 

To  false  sublimity’s  familiar  curse — — • 


Where  antient  Pistol  strives  with  mo¬ 
dern  Scott  f, 

And  Grammar  gasps  in  death,  and  all 
that  is,  is  not!  — 

Were  it  less  painful,  thus  obscur’d  to  see 
So  strong  a  sunbeam,  and  that  sunbeam 
thee ; 

No  hour  of  mine  were  wasted  to  condemn 
Such  flitting  phantoms,  and  those  phan¬ 
toms  them !” 

The  following  allusions  to  the  ear¬ 
lier  productions  of  Lord  Byron  are 
strikingly  impressive : 

“  Gods  !  can  the  breast  that  glows 
o’er  Virgil’s  urn. 

Or  sees  the  Sabine  to  his  farm  return 
From  smoke,  and  wealth,  and  splendid 
noise  of  Rome — 

The  breast  that  feels  fair  Italy  its  home — 
Can  such  a  breast  each  heaven-born  throb 
forego, 

Resign  the  spell  unearthly  hands  bestow, 
(The  spell  that  Spenser  might  be  proud 
to  boast, 

Prince  of  descriptive  Song’s  prolific  host) 
And  feebly  drawl  in  metaphysic  tones. 
Rough  as  Scott’s  hymns,  and  dull  as 
Wordsworth’s  groans  ? 

“  Not  this  thy  note,  in  youth’s  aspiring 
day,  [lay ; 

When  holy  Newsted  claim’d  thy  filial 
And,  through  her  venerable  turrets  heard, 
A  musical,  a  melancholy  bird, 

A  nightingale  of  sadness,  breath’d  the 
strain 

For  days  of  glory,  ne’er  to  dawn  again  ! 
Not  this  the  note  that  sigh’d  from  Sor¬ 
row’s  breast  [her  nest 

For  the  dove’s  wing,  that  bears  her  to 
Like  her  to  flee  away,  and  be  at  rest ! 

“  Nor — when  thy  reckless  foes  essay’d 
to  crush  [bush  ; 

The  rose  just  springing  from  its  vigorous 
And,  grasping  hard  with  cold  unalter’d 
mien, 

FoundEngland’s  thorns  asScotia’s  thistles 
keen — 


*  “  That  the  Author  of  the  Task  should  have  translated  Homer  as  he  has  done, 
adds  one  other  melancholy  example  to  the  list  of  human  inconsistencies.  But 
it  is  not  only  by  his  Homer  that  this  author  has  contributed  to  degrade  the 
poetical  style  of  his  country.  His  original  works,  although  abounding  with  genius 
and  good  feeling,  have  little  of  the  harmony,  and  less  of  the  expression  of  verse” 

T  “  Once  for  all,  let  this  page  bear  witness,  in  prose,  as  well  as  in  verse,  to  the 
great  and  acknowledged  genius  of  this  incorrect  poet  ;  whose  novels,  by  the  way, 
will  in  all  probability  greatly  outlive  his  productions  in  rhyme  ;  whatever  may  have 
been  their  popularity.  This  opinion  is  founded  not  only  on  the  greater  interest, 
and  the  more  curious  fidelity  of  description,  whether  in  human  manners  or  in  ex¬ 
ternal  scenes;  but  also  on  the  greater  correctness,  as  compositions,  which  Waver- 
ley,  in  a  large  portion  of  it,  and  Old  Mortality  perhaps  throughout,  seem  to  exhibit, 
when  they  are  compared  with  any  of  their  tuneful  brethren  -for  that  they  are  all 
children  of  one  family,  there  can  be  no  reasonable  doubt.” 

Gent.  Mag.  August,  1818. 

6‘- 


Thus 


13S  >  Review  of  New  Publications .  [Aug. 


Thus  did  thy  generous  vengeance  wake 
in  song  ; 

But  roll’d  in  angry  harmony  along; 

And,  like  thine  own  Apollo  watch’d 
the  dart  [cour’s  heart ; 

With  beauteous  vigour  launch’d  at  Ran- 
While  Critics,  shrinking  to  their  North¬ 
ern  cave,  [brave  ; 

Confest  that  Prudence  well  became  the 
And,  ere  again  they  damn’d  a  rising  bard, 
Resolv’d  to  wait  for  English  Wits’ award. 
—  What  callous  bosom  can  forget  the 
Muse  [Pity’s  dews  ? 

O’er  hapless  White  f,  that  pour’d  soft 
When  on  her  son  pale  Learning  dealt 
the  blow, 

And  his  own  feather  laid  that  eagle  low.” 

We  must  give  another  extract : 

“  Hark!  ’twas  a  later,  and  a  loftier 
strain — 

Rome,  Rome,  arises  at  his  voice  again  J  ; 
Fresh,  as  in  youth,  she  wakes  from  Sla¬ 
very’s  night,  [light. 

And  calls  her  conquering  centuries  to 
Long  martial  pomps  the  capitol  ascend, 
Exulting  thousands  in  the  forum  blend  ; 
Majestic  frown  the  statues  of  the  brave, 
And  Glory  hovers  o’er  her  Tyber’s  wave. 
Yet  gaze  again— a  dying,  dying  gleam 
Dwells  in  fond  languor  o’er  the  yellow 
stream — 

The  death  like  marble  city  dimly  shows 
O’er  the  low  banks  where  yon  sad  river 
flows ;  [shades, 

While,  slowly  winging  to  her  funeral 
To  tombs  unknown  in  fallen  colonnades, 
The  bird  of  night  sails,  mournful,  through 
the  air —  [there. 

Sooth’d  by  her  fitful  moanings,  Harold 
Sole  in  that  world  of  ruins,  lays  him 
down,  [town; 

An-d  mourns  a  nobler  than  the  Punic 
Himself  a  tuneful  Marius,  who  can  throw 
O’er  grandeur  lost  a  social  gloom  of  woe. 


— Such  is  lone  Harold  still — but  every 
strain, 

Successive,  deepens  in  each  Gothic  stain; 
Leaves  the  pure  models  of  its  op’ning 
course,  [force ; 

Virgilian  pathos  breath’d  with  English 
Strings  random  pearls  on  hemp  of  tex¬ 
ture  vile  §,  [clouded  smile. 

And  dims  his  Pilgrim  tears  with  Beppo’s 
(t  Hear  then,  ye  docile  !  and  ye  calm, 
attend !  [friend 

The  warning  voice  of  Harold’s  hidden 
Glows  with  his  joy,  and  saddens  with 
his  tears,  [spheres— 

And  faintly  dreams  his  music  of  the 

But,  all  indignant  to  observe  his  muse 
Gath’ring  poor  scraps,  that  Coleridge 
might  refuse, 

From  Gothic  wastes. —  where  Crabbe  |j 
at  length  has  rov’d, 

Crabbe  by  great  Johnson  and  by  Burke 
approv’d — 

(Such  the  dire  taint  of  toleration,  lent 
To  each  spoil’d  child  of  song,  whose  good 
intent  [tongue) 

Redeems  the  slipshod  licence  of  his 
Indignant  to  observe  so  rudely  sung 
Such  noble  themes,  and  by  a  harp  whose 
power  [hour; 

Sounded  so  clear  in  Glory’s  dawning 
To  language,  language,  that  articulate 
gift,  [a  shift, 

(Depriv’d  of  which  tho’  monkeys  make 
Men  are  scarce  men  who  waste  it!)  to 
that  boon,  [moon. 

Now  blighted  by  some  influence  of  the 
The  warning  voice  her  Harold  would 
recall,  [nay,  one  and  all. 

Scott,  Wordsworth,  Southey,  Crabbe, 
“  And  thou.  Anonymous  !  who  dar’st 
arraign 

Thy  native  bards,  as  rugged  and  as  vain. 
What  are  thy  rights  to  fill  the  censor’s 
place  ?  [race ; 

None,  butdeep  reverence  for  that  antient 


*“  The  beautiful  description  of  the  Apollo  Belvidere  in  the  Fourth  Canto  of 
Childe  Harold.” 

f  “  The  passage  upon  Henry  Kirk  White,  in  the  4  English  Bards,*  does  equal 
honour  to  the  ieeling  and  poetical  taste  of  the  author.  The  idea,  indeed,  originally 
of  Eastern  origin,  has  travelled  through  all  the  poets  of  Europe,  from  Euripides  to 
Waller  ;  but  is  no  where  better  preserved  than  in  the  4  English  Bards.’  ” 

$  “The  chef  d' oeuvre  of  Harold  is,  perhaps,  the  passage  upon  Rome,  in  the  4th 
canto.” 

§  “  There  are  few  things  more  mortifying  to  a  sincere  lover  of  poetry,  than  the 
oyer-clouding  of  a  splendid  passage  by  some  sudden  shade  of  vicious  metre,  or  defec¬ 
tive  language.  That  Harold’s  occasional  images,  even  in  his  idlest  moments,  are 
as  brilliant  as  ever,  nobody  ean  deny  ;  but  Jong  indulgence,  and  the  unaccountable 
imitation  of  inferior  writers  (like  the  bird  who  spoils  his  natural  melody  by  catch¬ 
ing  the  discordant  notes  of  his  neighbours)  have,  assuredly,  deteriorated  his  style 
to  a  most  lamentable  degree. — Concerning  Beppo,  the  less  that  is  said  the  better.” 

11  “  Whoever  has  read  (and  who  has  not  ?)  the  exquisitely  finished  productions, 
in  the  earlier  volume  of  Crabbe’s  Poems,  and  perhaps  above  them  all,  that  poem 
entitled  *  Reflections,’  must  lament  indeed  to  observe,  that  such  power  and  preci¬ 
sion  of  language,  should  be  lowered  down  to  the  familiarity  and  the  licentiousness 
of  style  that  pervade  ‘The  Borough.’  ” 


/ 


None 


139 


Review  of  New  Publications . 


1518.] 

None,  but  an  ardent  sigh  for  Glory  gone, 
A  worship  of  the  Sun  that  once  o’er  Eng¬ 
land  shone.” 

A  few  lines  more  of  advice: 

“  Bow  not,  in  vain,  at  Glory’s  antient 
shrine —  [thine! 

The  fire  thou  honourest,  if  thou  wilt,  is 
Thine  every  gift  that  lavish  Nature 
gives —  [lives.” 

Add  but  wise  Art — thy  verse  for  ever 

17.  The  Genuine  TVorhs  of  William 
Hogarth  ;  ivith  Biographical  Anec¬ 
dotes.  By  John  Nichols,  F.  S,  A.  and 
the  late  George  Steevens,  Esq .  F.  R.  S. 
and  F.  S.  A.  Fol.  III.  pp.  358,  and 
Fifty  additional  Plates.  Nichols,  Son, 
and  Bentley. 

OF  this  acceptable  addition  to  the 
Works  of  the  justly  celebrated  Ho¬ 
garth,  little  need  be  said,  beyond  the 
prefatory  Advertisement  of  the  inde¬ 
fatigable  Editor: 

“  The  Volume  now  presented  to  the 
Admirers  of  Hogarth  originated  in  the 
acquisition  of  the  Original  Plates  of  the 
*  Tour  by  Land  and  Water,’  with  seve¬ 
ral  other  neat  and  faithful  Etchings  by 
Mr.  Richard  Livesay  ;  which  were  pur¬ 
chased  nearly  ten  years  since,  more  with 
a  view  to  preserve  them  from  being  de¬ 
stroyed,  than  with  any  intention  of  thus 
offering  them  to  the  publick.  Other 
Plates  in  the  mean  time  were  occasion¬ 
ally  added  to  my  stores  ;  till  at  length 
it  occurred  to  me  that  many  of  the  Col¬ 
lectors  of  Hogarth’s  Genuine  Works, 
who  already  possessed  One  Hundred 
and  Sixty  Plates  in  the  size  best,  adapted 
to  the  Library  (neither  too  large  to  ad¬ 
mit  a  corresponding  Commentary,  nor  so 
small  as  to  require  a  magnifying-glass) 
might  be  willing  to  add  Fifty  others. 

“  Still,  however,  I  hesitated  ;  for, 
though  1  had  diligently  attended  to  the 
correction  of  the  Two  former  Volumes, 
and  had  obtained  several  additional 
Anecdotes,  they  did  not  appear  sufficient 
to  form  an  entire  Volume.  But  the 
perusal  of  the  admirable  Biographical 
Sketch  by  Mr.  Phillips,  which,  by  that 
respectable  Artistes  permission,  intro¬ 
duces  the  present  Volume — and  the  ex¬ 
cellent  Essay  of  Mr.  Lamb,  which  forms 
another  prominent  feature  in  it  —  de¬ 
termined  me  no  longer  to  delay  the 
publication.  To  this  I  was  still  more 
strongly  urged  by  the  present  of  an  Es¬ 
say,  which,  though  anonymous,  is  evi¬ 
dently  the  production  of  a  Gentleman  of 
profound  erudition  and  refined  taste. 
But  the  ‘  Clavis  Hogarthiana’  will 
speak  sufficiently  for  itself. 

“  The  matchless  Exhibitions  of  Ho¬ 
garth’s  Paintings  in  1814,  and  again  in 


1817,  were  additional  inducements  ;  and 
I  have  given  a  particular  account  of 
them ;  with  an  enumeration  of  such 
other  Paintings  and  Sketches  as  I  have 
been  able  to  trace,  and  of  the  Sales  of 
such  of  them  as  have  passed  under  the 
hammer  of  the  Auctioneer. 

“  in  this  article  I  will  not  expose  my¬ 
self  to  the  ridicule  which  the  elder  Rich¬ 
ardson  the  Painter  drew  upon  himself 
from  Hogarth,  respecting  his  Son  —  but 
I  may  truly  say,  that  my  Son’s  younger 
eyes  have  been  employed  to  much  more 
effect  than  my  own  could  possibly  have 
attained.  His  zeal  too  for  the  honour 
of  Hogarth,  and  desire  to  render  this 
Work  as  perfect  as  possible,  has  been 
very  kindly  seconded  by  the  active  in¬ 
telligence  of  Mr.  J.  T.  Smith,  of  the 
British  Museum;  and  by  the  unreserved 
and  friendly  communications  of  Wil¬ 
liam  Packer,  Esq.  whose  Collection  of 
Hogarth’s  Prints,  in  all  their  Varieties, 
is  certainly  unrivalled.  Other  Friends 
have  kindly  afforded  him  their  assist¬ 
ance  ;  and  the  Volume,  such  as  it  is, 
owes  much  to  the  ardent  spirit  with 
which  be  has  forwarded  my  wishes  and 
intentions.” 

It  may  perhaps  be  superfluous  to 
observe,  that,  in  a  work  edited  by  Mr. 
Nichols,  the  Reader  will  find  a  great 
variety  of  Biographical  Illustrations: 
but  it  may  be  proper  to  say,  that  he 
will  here  also  meet,  not  only  with  the 
excellent  “  Clavis”  already  reviewed 
in  p.  41,  and  the  valuable  Essays  by 
Mr.  Phillips  and  Mr.  Lamb,  but  also 
with  a  Character  of  Hogarth  by  the 
Rev.  James  Towniey  —  a  Critique  on 
a  Plate  in  Marriage-a-ia-Mode  by 
Mr.  Street — with  copious  critical  ac¬ 
counts  of  the  Original  Paintings,  &c. 
by  Hogarth,  exhibited  in  the  British 
Gallery  in  the  years  1814  and  1817 — 
accounts  of  other  Paintings  by  Ho¬ 
garth,  not  engraved,  and  of  other 
Pictures  attributed  to  him  —  Extracts 
from  Overton’s  Catalogue  of  Plates 
after  Hogarth  —  List  of  Plates  in  the 
Sets  of  Hogarth’s  Works,  as  sold  hy 
his  Widow  —  Account  of  Paintings, 
&c.  by  Hogarth,  sold  at  his  Widow’s 
Death  in  1790 — Messrs. Boydells’  Ca¬ 
talogue  of  additional  Plates — List  of 
other  Copper-plates  after  Hogarth’s 
designs,  which  were  on  sale  in  1817  — 
Particulars  of  various  Sales  hy  auction 
of  Hogarth's  Prints  and  Pointings— 
Account  of  the  principal  Variations  in 
Hogarth’s  Plates,  chronologically  ay- 
ranged,  which  is  a  very  copious  arti¬ 
cle,  and  particularly  useful  to  the  Col¬ 
lector,  as  it  will  enable  him  easily  to 

discriminate 


140 


Review  of  New  Publications , 


discriminate  the  various  states  in 
which  the  Plates  are  found,  and  in 
consequence  highly  to  prize  the  ear¬ 
lier  Impressions. 

a  On  a  very  minute  observation,’'  says 
the  Editor,  “  of  the  variations,  it  evi¬ 
dently  appears,  that  Hogarth  generally 
failed  to  improve  his  plates  by  his  alte¬ 
rations;  and  among  a  number  of  glaring 
instances  of  the  truth  of  this  remark,  I 
beg  to  draw  attention  to  the  Print  of  the 
Strolling  Players  dressing  in  a  Barn.” 

This  article  is  followed  by  an  ad¬ 
ditional  Chronological  Catalogue  of 
Prints,  designed  by  or  attributed  to 
Hogarth;  and  numerous  Biographi¬ 
cal  and  Illustrative  Additions  and  Cor¬ 
rections  to  the  former  Two  Volumes 
of  this  Work. 

The  Fifty  Plates  now  first  collected 
are  : 

“  Portrait  of  Hogarth,  by  Worlidge 

—  The  Committee  of  the  House  of  Com¬ 
mons  examining  Cambridge,  &c. — The 
Beggar’s  Opera  —  Scene  in  a  Hay-field 

.  of  Mr.  Rich  at  Rickmersworth,  a  Group 
from  a  Painting  by  Lambert  —  Five  Mus¬ 
covites,  from  de  la  Motraye’s  Travels  — 
A  Turk’s  Head,  Barker’s  Shop-bill  — — 
A  Goldsmith’s  Workshop,  De  la  Fon¬ 
taine’s  Shop-bill  —  The  Ram  Inn,  Ci- 

"  rencester  —  Kent’s  Altar  -  piece  at  St. 
Clement’s  —  Scene  from  Apuleius,  Plate 
IV.  — -Abraham,  Hagar,  and  lshmael  — 
Ticket  for  the  Benefit  of  Mr.  Walker  — 
Ticket  for  James  Figg,  the  Prize-fighter 

—  Ticket  for  the  Benefit  of  Henry  Field¬ 
ing  —  Ticket  for  Joe  Miller’s  Benefit  — 
Frontispiece  to  Hogarth's  Tour  by  Land 
and  Water  —  A  View  from  Rochester 
Bridge  —  Upnor  Castle  —  Breakfasting, 
&c. —  The  Embarkation — The  Town 
of  Queenborough  —  The  Monument  of 
a  Spanish  Ambassador  —  The  Monu¬ 
ment  of  the  Lord  Shorland  —  Tail-piece 
to  the  Tour  — Boys  peeping  at  Nature  ; 
Subscription-Ticket  to  Harlot’s  Progress 
—  The  Complicated  Richardson  —  Pas- 
quin,  another  Ticket  for  Henry  Fielding 
—  The  Charmers  of  the  Age  —  Mask, 
Pallet,  &c. ;  Subscription  Ticket  for 
Garrick  in  Richard  III.  —  The  Modern 
Orpheus  —  Sketch  of  the  Arms  for  the 
Foundling  Hospital  —  Frontispiece  to 
the  Jacobite’s  Journal — The  Old  Maid — 
The  Match-maker  —  Profiles  of  Garrick 
and  Hogarth  —  Portrait  of  Henry  Fox, 
Lord  Holland  —  Portrait  bf  James  Caul¬ 
field,  Earl  of  Charlemont  —  Portrait  of 
George  BubbDodington,  Lord  Meicombe 
—  Portrait  of  Daniel  Finch,  Earl  of  Win- 
chelsea  —  The  Parson’s  Head —  Portrait 
of  Gabriel  Hunt  —  Portrait  of  Benjamin 
Head  —  A  fat  Man  upset  like  a  Turtle  — 


[Aug. 

George  Taylor  wrestling  with  Death  — 
George  Taylor  overcome  by  Death  — 
George  Taylor’s  Epitaph  —  Broughton 
and  Slack  —  The  Bruiser,  and  Giants  in 
Guildhall — Hogarth’s  Crest — Hogarth’s 
Tomb  —  An  Additional  Plate  [not  by 
Hogarth]  of  ‘Flemish  Boors  drinking.’  ” 

Each  of  the  subjects  is  appropri¬ 
ately  illustrated;  and  the  entertain¬ 
ing  Tour  by  Land  and  Water  is  given 
entire,  under  the  title  of  “  An  Ac¬ 
count  of  what  seemed  most  remark¬ 
able  in  the  Five  Days  Peregrination 
of  the  five  following  Persons  ;  viz . 
Messrs.  Tothall,  Scott,  Hogarth, 
Thornhill,  and  Forrest,  begun  on  Sa¬ 
turday,  May  27,  1732  ;  and  finished 
on  the  31st  of  the  same  month.” 

“  Not  one  of  the  company  was  unem¬ 
ployed;  for  Mr. Thornhill  made- the  Map; 
Mr.  Hogarth  and  Mr.  Scott,  the  draw¬ 
ings  ;  Mr.  Tothall,  was  our  Treasurer, 
which  (though  a  place  of  the  greatest 
trust)  he  faithfully  discharged  ;  and  the 
foregoing  Memoir  was  the  work  of 

E.  Forrest.” 

The  Work  is  now  completed  in 
Three  handsome  Volumes,  containing 
CCX  Plates;  and  is  highly  deserving 
of  a  place  in  the  Libraries  of  the  cu¬ 
rious,  as  it  contains  an  endless  fund 
of  entertainment  and  instruction. 

18.  A  Journey  round  the  Coast  of  Kent; 
containing  Remarks  on  the  principal 
objects  worthy  of  Notice  throughout 
the  whole  of  that  interesting  Border , 
and  the  contiguous  district ;  including 
Penshurst  cfrarfTunbridge-Wells ;  with 
Rye,  Winchelsea,  Hastings,  and  Bat¬ 
tle,  in  Sussex  :  l wing  original  Notes 
made  during  a  Summer  Excursion . 
With  a  Map.  By  L.  Fassell,  Esq. 
8 vo.  304.  Baldwin,  Cradock,  and 

Joy. 

THIS  Publication,  which  deserves 
to  be  ranked  immediately  after,  if  not 
in  the  very  same  class  with  the  Topo¬ 
graphical  works  of  Pennant  aud  John¬ 
son,  is  very  creditable  to  the  tdlents 
of  its  author.  It  is'  not  a  dry  cata¬ 
logue  of  the  names  of  places  and 
persons;  but  combines  much  useful 
information,  with  many  entertaining 
anecdotes,  related  in  language  re¬ 
markably  elegant,  and  interspersed 
with  remarks  which  bear  the  stamp 
of  acuteness  and  originality.  The 
Author  appears  to  have  availed  him¬ 
self  of  many  sources  of  information 
not  easily  attainable,  and  to  have  been 
solicitous  of  correcting  the  mistakes 

-and 


1818.] 

and  errors  of  preceding  writers ;  at 
the  same  time  that  he  very  liberally 
and  candidly  acknowledges  his  obli¬ 
gations  to  those  who  have  assisted 
Sis  endeavours,  and  contributed  to 
supply  the  materials  for  his  work. 
The  descriptions  are  in  general  lively, 
seat,  and  interesting;  without  the 
minute  prolixity  which  fatigues,  or 
the  affectation  of  pompous  verbosity, 
which,  like  glaring  colours  in  a  land¬ 
scape,  disguises  the  objects  intended 
to  be  adorned. 

The  “Journey”  commences  at  the 
Metropolis;  and,  proceeding  round  the 
Coast,  embraces  a  vast  variety  of  in¬ 
teresting  scenery,  the  effect  of  which 
upon  the  mind  of  succeeding  visitors 
will  often  be  agreeably  heightened  by 
the  reflections  of  this  sensible  and 
entertaining  writer.  Of  his  manner 
a  few  specimens  may  be  presented  in 
the  following  quotations; 

“  Herne  Bay,  and  the  village  of 
that  name,  which  consists  only  of  a  few 
cottages  irregularly  built  round  a  green, 
situated  upon  a  point  of  land  which 
juts  out  abruptly  from  the  line  of  coast, 
are  beginning  to  rise  into  some  degree 
of  celebrity,  by  having  lately  become 
the  resort  of  company  for  the  purpose 
of  bathing.  Only  a  few  years  have 
elapsed  since  the  erection  of  one  of 
those  temporary  stations  for  the  Mili¬ 
tary,  by  which  it  was  thought  neces¬ 
sary  to  secure  the  Coast,  became  a  sort 
of  signal  to  inform  the  visitors  of  Mar¬ 
gate  and  Ramsgate  that  the  spot  was 
habitable.  They  soon  afterwards  flock¬ 
ed  hither  in  such  numbers,  that  a  con¬ 
siderable  increase  in  buildings  and  im¬ 
provements  speedily  ensued.  An  hotel 
was  erected,  which,  if  not  elegant,  \!vas 
capable  of  affording  lodging  to  those 
who  could  not  obtain  a  closet  or  a  cup¬ 
board  in  thelittle  habitations  contiguous. 
Houses  of  various  sizes  and  descriptions, 
and  hot  and  cold  baths,  were  constructed, 
and  ample  preparations  made  for  the 
reception  of  those  who,  either  attracted 
by  the  charms  of  novelty  or  a  desire  of 
seclusion,  might  be  .tempted  to  take  up 
their  residence  here.  A  degree  of  tran¬ 
quillity  unknown  to  Margate  in  the 
bathing  season,  may  undoubtedly  be 
round  at  Herne-Bay.  The  water  is  un¬ 
questionably  more  pure,  the  prospect  of 
the  sea  more  pleasing,  the  coast  of  Es¬ 
sex,  and  the  little  islands  at  its  South¬ 
eastern  angle,  being  in  full  view:  but 
unfortunately,  the  cold  North-east  wind, 
that  inveterate  enemy  of  tender  delicate 
nerves,  to  which,  like  its  fashionable 
neighbour  Margate,  this  spot  is  corn- 


141 

pletely  exposed,  considerably  abridges 
its  comforts  and  enjoyments. 

“  The  level  fields,  intersected  with 
embankments,  upon  which  the  traveller 
is  now  entering,  although  destitute  of 
any  object  upon  which  his  eye  can  rest, 
excepting  here  and  there  a  shepherd’s 
cottage,  will  become  highly  interesting 
when  it  is  recollected,  that  the  ground 
on  which  he  stands,  and  the  verdure 
and  fertility  which  he  sees  around  him, 
was,  a  few  centuries  ago,  covered  by 
the  waves  of  the  briny  deep  ;  that  this 
was  that  famous  estuary  which  separated 
Thanet  from  the  parent  island,  and  ad¬ 
mitted  the  passage  of  the  largest  ships  r 
that  where  corn  now  grows  and  cattle 
feed,  was  the  once  celebrated  oyster- 
bed  (Fundus  RutupensisJ  so  much  cele¬ 
brated  amongst  the  Roman  gourmands.. 

“The  Northern  entrance  of  this  strait 
was  defended  by  the  castle  of  Regui- 
bium  or  Reculver,  the  spot  where  the 
Saxon  Kings  kept  their  Court,  alter 
Etbelbert  had  bestowed  his  palace  at 
Canterbury  upon  Augustine,  for  the 
use  of  the  monks:  and  here  it  is  sup¬ 
posed,  that  that  monarch  was  buried. 
Of  the  extent  of  this'regal  seat,  no  idea 
can  be  formed.  All  the  remains  of  its 
ancient  grandeur  now  consist  in  the 
foundation  walls  of  the  castle  attributed 
to  Severinus,  which  appears  to  have 
been  nearly  of  a  square  form,  measuring 
190  yards  from  East  to  West,  and  1 9$ 
from  North  to  South  ;  and  a  ruinated 
church  of  more  modern  building,  on  the 
verge  of  the  sea-shore,  with  two  lofty, 
but  decayed  towers  at  the  West  end, 
which  are  deemed  of  some  importance 
as  a  land  mark. 

“  The  Reculvers.— -There  is  a  tra¬ 
dition  that  these  towers,  which  are  com¬ 
monly  called  ‘  The  Sisters,’  were  erected 
by  an  Abbess  of  Faversham,  in  token  of 
affection  for  the  memory  of  her  sister, 
who  together  with  herself,  suffered  ship¬ 
wreck  here  ;  and  although  rescued  from 
the  waves,  died  in  a  few  hours  after¬ 
wards,  from  the  effects  of  fatigue  and 
terror.  So  great  was  the  reverence  for¬ 
merly  entertained  for  the  sanctity  of 
this  edifice,  that  it  was  for  many  ages 
the  custom  of  sailors  to  lower  the  top¬ 
sails  of  all  vessels  which  passed  the  Re¬ 
culvers. 

“  The  sea  has  washed  away  a  consi¬ 
derable  portion  of  the  church-yard,  and 
its  continual  encroachments  threaten  a 
speedy  and  complete  destruction  to 
every  vestige  of  the  building;  which,  as 
well  as  the  place  of  its  site,  will  proba¬ 
bly  in  a  short  time,  be  swallowed  up  by 
the  raging  billows,  like  the  antient  city 
which  tradition  says  once  stood  North¬ 
ward  of  the  spot. 


Review  of  New  Publications, 


142 


Review  of  Next)  Publications.  [Aug. 


te  In  the  time  of  Leland,  the  Recul¬ 
ver  is  said  to  have  been  half  a  mile 
from  the  verge  of  the  shore  :  since  that 
period  a  quarter  of  a  mile.  The  en¬ 
croachments  of  the  sea  have  been  gra¬ 
dual.  Mr.  Batteley  saw  a  tesselated 
pavement,  which  was  soon  afterwards 
washed  away  by  the  surge.  The  Author 
of  *  The  Beauties  of  England’  mention¬ 
ed  six  bouses  having  fallen,  within  the 
course  of  a  few  years :  but  it  does  not 
appear  when  that  account  was  written. 
A  single  cottage  is  now  (1817)  I  believe, 
the  only  habitation  that  remains  ;  and 
a  more  than  solemn, — an  awful  silence, 
which  seems  to  characterize  the  region 
of  death,  is  never  interrupted  unless  by 
the  roaring  of  the  sea  or  the  howling 
of  the  winds  !  The  lofty  turrets  nod¬ 
ding  over  the  head  of  the  intrusive  tra¬ 
veller  threaten  him  with  instantaneous 
destruction,  whilst  beneath  his  feet, 
yawning  sepulchres  disclose  the  shock¬ 
ing  relics  of  mortality  ;  and  innumer¬ 
able  human  bones,  scattered  and  bleach¬ 
ing  on  the  shore,  form  altogether  a 
spectacle  of  gloomy  horror,  and  verify 
the  description  of  the  poet: 

*  Canonized  bones,  hearsed  in  earth, 
Have  burst  their  cerements.’ 

“'Here  the  genius  of  Hervey  or  of 
Blair  might  have  found  ample  scope  for 
their  solemn  and  impressive  imagery, 
in  the  contemplation  of  a  scene  capable 
of  supplying  even  the  inimitable  Ho¬ 
garth  with  an  addition  to  his  multitu¬ 
dinous  emblems  of  death.” 

The  Author  has  interspersed  his 
description  of  Margate  and  Rams¬ 
gate  with  some  very  useful  advice  to 
the  parties  concerned  in  a  late  dis¬ 
pute  respecting  the  Sea-bathing  In¬ 
fir  na  ary  ;  and  enlivens  his  account  of 
the  neighbourhood  with  an  interest¬ 
ing  anecdote  of  the  remarkable  fide¬ 
lity  of  a  dog. 

His  account  of  the  celebrated  Mar- 
tdlo  Towers  is  as  follows  : 

“  This  description  of  fortification,  of 
which  the  original  idea  may  perhaps 
have  been  borrowed  from  the  forts  which 
King  Henry  VIII.  caused  to  be  erected, 
was  deemed  of  so  much  importance  in 
the  late  war,  that  almost  incalculable, 
and  certainly  enormous  sums  of  money 
were  expended  upon  the  construction  of 
towers  along  the  whole  line  of  the  coast. 

“  They  are,  with  very  few  exceptions, 
built  upon  one  uniform  plan,  and  of 
similar  height  and  dimensions.  The 
height  is  usually  about  30  feet,  the  dia¬ 
meter  at  the  top  22  feet  within  the  pa¬ 
rapet,  with  a  projecting  ledge  or  step 
about  a  foot  high  all  round :  the  para¬ 


pet,  including  that  step,  being  about  six 
feet  high.  The  roof  is  vaulted  and  bomb¬ 
proof.  In  the  centre  of  the  platform, 
on  the  summit  is  a  24-pounder  mounted 
on  p.  traversing  carriage,  and  of  course 
capable  of  being  pointed  in  any  direc¬ 
tion  which  may  be  required  ;  and  ele¬ 
vated  so  as  to  rake  and  command  the 
coast.  The  building  is  of  brick-work 
from  five  to  eight  feet  in  thickness  ; 
circular,  gradually  tapering  from  the 
foundation  to  the  top ;  and  having  in 
the  centre  a  very  large  pillar,  from 
which  springs  an  arch  abutted  by  the 
outer  walls.  The  foundation  appears  to 
be  laid  at  a  great  depth,  and  is  likewise 
vaulted,  with  the  convexity  downward  ; 
and  in  this  part  is  a  reservoir  of  water. 

“  In  situations  where  the  towers  have 
been  built  upon  a  low  beach  close  to 
the  sea,  a  smaller  portion  of  the  cone 
is  beneath  the  surface  of  the  ground. 
Where  they  have  been  erected  upon  a 
hill,  and  circumstances  would  permit, 
or  the  nature  of  the  soil  rendered  it 
preferable,  a  pit  has  been  dug  in  the 
rock,  and  the  tower  erected  in  the 
centre  of  it  ;  the  entrance  being  by 
means  of  a  drawbridge  across  the  ditch 
thus  made  to  enclose  the  building.  The 
door,  which  is  narrow,  and  composed 
of  thick  plates  of  copper,  being  at  the 
end  of  the  bridge,  derives  additional  se¬ 
curity  from  a  portion  of  the  latter, 
which  when  drawn  up  by  the  chains  af¬ 
fixed  to  it,  forms  a  sort  of  portcullis, 
and  completely  barricades  the  approach. 
There  are  three  stories  :  in  the  lower 
one  are  deposited  the  ammunition  and 
stores  ;  the  central  division  contains  a 
separate  apartment  for  an  officer,  par¬ 
titioned  off  from  the  common  barrack- 
room,  which  contains  beds  for  20  or  30 
soldiers  ;  and  the  upper  story  is  the 
platform  before  mentioned,  the  ascent 
to  it  being  by  a  stone  stair-case,  and 
the  whole  rendered  secure  from  the  ef¬ 
fects  of  fire  within,  as  well  as  hostilities 
without. 

“  Those  towers  which  are  not  en¬ 
closed  by  a  fosse,  have  a  strong  ladder 
of  steps,  so  narrow  as  to  allow  of  but 
one  person  ascending  at  a  time,  fitted 
to  the  door-way,  and  made  to  draw  up 
within  the  building;  and  the  light  is 
admitted  through  two  small  windows 
placed  on  that  side  of  the  tower  which 
is  least  exposed  to  the  probable  attack 
of  an  enemy.  In  this  particular,  the 
Martello  Towers  seem  capable  of  great 
improvement,  which  might  be  effected 
without  diminishing  their  security. 
Light  and  air  are  so  essential  to  clean¬ 
liness  and  health,  that  the  strongest 
motive,  necessity  alone,  can  justify  an 
abridgement  of  these  comforts.  If,  in¬ 
stead 


1818.]  Review  of  New  Publications .  143 


stead  of  small  square  windows,  there  had 
been  high  and  narrow  openings  in  an 
oblique  direction  through  the  walls,  not 
only  light  and  air,  but  the  rays  of  the 
sun,  might  have  been  admitted,  without 
in  the  least  degree  exposing  those  who 
were  within,  to  inconvenience  or  danger, 
or  impairing  the  strength  of  the  build¬ 
ing.  Constructed  as  they  are  at  pre¬ 
sent,  the  gloom  of  twilight  renders 
the  apartments  very  uncomfortable,  and 
adds  very  unnecessarily  to  the  dreariness 
of  the  habitation. 

ft  There  are  about  10  towers  upon  this 
line  of  Coast,  with  two  guns  instead  of 
one  upon  the  platform — a  24-pounder, 
and  a  five-and  half-inch  howitzer.  The 
building  is  always  placed  as  near  as 
possible  to  the  water,  unless  some  com¬ 
manding  eminence  within  the  range  of 
the  guns  presents  a  more  commodious 
situation  ;  and  there  are  very  few  of 
these  fortresses  exposed  to  any  but  very 
distant  or  random  shot  from  ships,  or 
even  gun- boats,  if  such  should  presume 
to  approach. 

“  Their  necessity  has  been  disputed, 
their  utility  denied,  and  the  immense 
expence  of  their  construction  abundantly 
censured,  both  in  and  out  of  Parliament. 
Whether  they  have  in  fact  contributed 
in  any  degree  to  make  the  coast  more 
secure  from  an  enemy,  happily  for  the 
country,  has  never  been  put  to  the  proof. 
May  they  long  remain,  as  at  present,  a 
bloodless  trophy,  the  monuments  of 
vigilance  and  zeal  on  the  part  of  Go¬ 
vernment,  and  useless  ornaments  of  the 
coast,  rather  than  necessary  guardians  of 
its  security.” 

The  beautiful  little  village  of  Sand- 
gate  is  appropriately  described,  and 
a  very  minute  account  of  the  con¬ 
struction  of  the  light  house  at  Dunge- 
ness  well  introduced.  The  scenery 
of  the  Coast,  and  various  excursions 
to  the  interior  parts  of  the  County, 
precede  a  visit  to  the  remains  ofPens- 
liurst,  the  residence  of  Sir  Philip  and 
of  Algernon  Sidney,  and  the  delight 
of  Waller  and  Sacharissa. 

“  It  would  be  idle  and  impertinent,” 
says  the  Author,  “  to  attempt  an  exor¬ 
dium  upon  a  spot  thus  consecrated  to 
virtue,  to  patriotism,  to  bravery,  and  the 
Muses!  That  it  should  be  traced  with 
fondness,  and  visited  with  enthusiasm, 
is  creditable  to  the  feelings  of  English¬ 
men.  The  name  of  Sir  Philip  Sidney, 
his  elegance  of  manners,  and  greatness  - 
of  mind,  can  never  be  forgotten  so  iong 
as  honour  and  courage  remain  the  na¬ 
tional  characteristics  :  nor  will  the  fame 
of  Algernon  Sidney  ever  die,  whilst  the 


love  of  liberty  has  a  place  in  the  human 
heart, 

‘  Unconquer’d  Patriot !  form’d  by  an- 
tient  lore 

The  love  of  antient  Freedom  to  restore. 
Who  nobly  acted  what  he  boldly  thought. 
And  seal’d  by  death  the  lesson  that  ,he 
taught !” 

The  volume  thus  concludes: 

“  The  roads  within  the  distance  of 
eight  or  ten  miles  from  London  are 
usually  so  much  crowded  with  carriages, 
and  passengers,  that  many  of  the  sur¬ 
rounding  objects,  highly  interesting,  and 
capable  of  affording  much  gratification 
to  the  contemplative  traveller,  are  often 
overlooked  from  accident,  or  left  un¬ 
observed  by  choice,  in  the  expectation 
of  future  opportunities  of  examining 
them  with  becoming  attention,  or  under 
circumstances  more  favourable  for  their 
inspection.  Thus  it  is,  that  what  is 
most  familiar  is  often  the  least  known  ; 
and  that  distant  and  remote  situations 
are  commonly  explored  with  more  at¬ 
tention,  and  described  with  more  accu¬ 
racy,  than  those  which  are  continually 
before  our  eyes.  So  also  it  is  that  ha¬ 
bits  of  procrastination  increase  in  pro¬ 
portion  as  they  are  indulged;  indiffer¬ 
ence  degenerates  into  neglect,  and 
carelessness  into  insensibility  ;  till  length 
of  years  effaces  curiosity,  and  indolence 
and  old  age  shut  up  the  volume  of  in¬ 
struction.” 

The  Map  which  illustrates  the  Work 
is  very  neatly  engraven,  and  the  type 
and  execution  of  it  highly  com¬ 
mendable. 

19*  A  Letter  to  the  Hon.  and  Right 
Rev.  Henry  Ryder,  D.D.  Lord  Bishop 
of  Gloucester,  on  the  admission  to  Holy 
Orders  of  Young  Men ,  holding  (what 
are  commonly  called)  Evangelical 
Principles :  to  which  is  added ,  a  Bio¬ 
graphical  Sketch  of  the  late  Rev. 
Archibald  Maclaine,  M.  D.  By  the 
Rev.  Richard  Warner.  8 vo.pp.  61. 

THE  first  Edition  of  this  manly 
and  respectful  Letter  on  a  subject 
of  the  highest  importance,  from  a 
learned  and  conscientious  Minister  of 
the  Established  Church,  to  a  not  less 
learned  and  conscientious  Prelate  of 
noble  birth,  had  scarcely  attracted 
our  notice  —  when  we  were  agreeably 
surprized  by  the  sight  of  a  new  Edi¬ 
tion,  with  “  an  Appendix,  contain¬ 
ing  a  Biographical  Sketch  of  the  late 
Rev.  Dr.  Archibald  Maclaine  with 
whose  friendship  and  correspondence 


144 


Review  of  New  Publications* 


we  were  favoured,  in  bur  boyish  days, 
some  sixty  years  ago. 

«  Independently,”  says  Mr.  Warner, 
*f  of  my  wish  to  pay  a  tribute  of  respect 
to  the  memory  of  an  illustrious  and  well- 
known  divine,  an  excellent  man,  and  a 
most  sincere  Christian,  from  whose  con¬ 
versation  1  derived  much  delight,  instruc¬ 
tion,  and,  1  trust,  improvement ;  I  con¬ 
ceived,  that  the  Sketch  would  serve  as 
a  sort  of  practical  comment  upon  the 
letter,  by  manifesting,  that  the  deepest 
religious  impressions,  and  the  most  uni¬ 
form  holiness  of  life,  are  by  no  means  in- 
foom^patible  with  high  intellectual  accom¬ 
plishments,  elegant  literary  attainments, 
a  conspicuous  amenity  of  manners,  and 
a  delightful  cheerfulness  of  disposition  ; 
and  that  the  natural  tendency  of  rational 
and  Scriptural  views  of  our  most  holy 
faith  is,  to  refine  the  mind,  meliorate 
and  gladden  the  heart,  and  perfect  the 
general  character.  Dr.  Maclaine,  indeed, 
was  a  ^bright  example  of  the  truth  of 
this  assertion.  Wise,  without  austerity; 
deeply  learned,  without  arrogance  ;  sin¬ 
cerely  pious,  without  ostentation  ;  of  re¬ 
fined  wit,  untinctured  with  severity  ;  of 
polished  manners,  unsophisticated  by 
affectation  ;  of  warm  benevolence  and 
lively  sensibility,  but  cool  in  judgment, 
and  unbending  in  principle  ;  he  lived 
much  in  the  world,  without  being  in¬ 
jured  by  its  vices,  or  infected  with  its 
follies  ;  and  confuted,  by  a  visible  proof, 
the  unsoundness  of  that  paradox  of  the 
ingenious  author,  against  whom  he  ex¬ 
ercised  his  pen  (Soame  Jenyns),  that 
‘  the  Religion  of  Jesus  Chjust  cannot 
go  hand  in  hand  with  secular  business, 
worldly  intercourse,  and  rational  social 
enjoyment.’  ” 

Leaving,  therefore,  his  Lordship  of 
Gloucester  and  the  Rector  of  Great 
Chalfieid  to  settle  their  differences 
as  amicably  as  may  be;  we  shall  trans¬ 
fer  into  another  department  of  our 
Magazine  some  anecdotes  of  our  old 
acquaintance  Dr.  Maclaine. 

20.  Beppo  ;  a  Venetian  Story.  By 
Lord  Byron.  Qvo.  pp.  49.  Murray. 

[From  **  The  New  Times.”] 

A  VENETIAN  Trader  is  ship¬ 
wrecked  on  the  Turkish  coast,  made 
a  slave  of,  flogged,  and  fed  according 
to  the  custom  of  Mussulmen,  grows 
weary  of  the  scene,  joins  a  pirate, 
makes  money,  and  returns  to  Venice 
to  live  in  the  arms  of  his  original 
wife,  and  die  in  the  bosom  of  the 
Church.  This  is  the  story  of  the  mer¬ 
chant  Beppo ,  or  Giuseppe.  The  mi- 
6 


[Aug. 

nor  plot  is  sustained  by  his  wife  in 
his  absence.  She  feels,  as  might  be 
presumed,  lonely,  and  soothes  her 
loneliness  by  the  common  expedient 
of  desolate  ladies  on  the  Continent  ; 
she  associates  herself  with  an  Italian 
Count,  and  goes  to  every  bali,  feast, 
and  froiic  in  her  power.  The  return 
of  her  husband  makes  but  slight  dif¬ 
ference  in  her  arrangements,  and  the 
household,  go  on  in  harmony  to  the 
end  of  the  Poem.  The  work  looks 
like  the  sport  of  a  habitual  verse- 
maker.  It  is  easy,  with  considerable 
humour,  and  from  time  to  time  a 
touch  of  causticity  that  invigorates 
its  jesting.  As  a  description  of  man¬ 
ners  it  has  only  the  merit  of  a  cari¬ 
cature,  but  as  the  work  of  an  after¬ 
noon  it  may  be  read  with  amusement 
in  the  idle  half-  hour  after  dinner. 
The  action  begins  with  the  Carnival. 

“  The  moment  night  with  dusky  mantle 
covers  [better). 

The  skies  (and  the  more  duskily  the 
The  time  less  lik’d  by  husbands  than  by 
lovers,'  [fetter ; 

Begins,  and  prudery  flings  aside  her 
And  gaiety  on  restless  tiptoe  hovers. 
Giggling  with  all  the  gallants  who  be¬ 
set  her;  [ing,  humming. 

And  there  are  songs  and  quavers,  roar- 
Guitars  and  every  other  sort  of  strum¬ 
ming. 

And  there  are  dresses  splendid,  but  fan¬ 
tastical,  [and  Jews, 

Masks  of  all  times  and  nations,  Turks 
And  Harlequins  and  Clowns  with  feats 
gymnastical,  [Hindoos, 

Greeks,  Romans,  Yankee  Doodles,  and 
All  kinds  of  dress  except  the  ecclesiasti¬ 
cal,  [choose; 

All  people  as  their  fancies  hit  may 
But  no  one  in  those  parts  may  quiz  the 
Clergy,  [charge  ye. 

Therefore  take  heed,  ye  Freethinkers,  I 

You’d  better  walk  about  begirt  with 
briars,  [put  on 

Instead  of  coat  and  small-clothes,  than 
A  single  stitch  reflecting  upon  friars, 
Altho’  you  swore  it  only  was  in  fun, 
They’d  haul  you  o’er  the  coals  and  stir 
the  fires 

Of  Phlegethon  with  every  mother’s  son. 
Nor  say  one  mass  to  cool  the  cauldron’s 
bubble  [them  double.” 

That  boil’d  your  bones,  unless  you  paid 

The  tale  then  approaches  to  its 
action,  but  with  a  laughing  reluc¬ 
tance  to  commit  itself  in  the  serious¬ 
ness  of  saying  any  thing  that  touches 
the  main  subject.  It  thus  turns  off 
on  the  mention  of  a  Venetian  party  : 

«  Didst 


145 


Review  of  New  Publications . 


1818.] 

«  Didst  ever  see  a  gondola?  For  fear 
You  should  not,  I  ’ll  describe  it  you 
exactly ;  [here, 

’Tis  a  long  cover’d  boat  that ’s  common 
Curv’d  at  the  prow,  built  lightly,  but 
compactly, 

Row’d  by  two  rowers,  each  call’d  ‘  Gon¬ 
dolier,’  [blackly, 

It  glides  along  the  water  looking 
Just  like  a  coffin  clapt  in  a  canoe, 
Where  none  can  make  out  what  you  say 
or  do. 

AnAup  and  down  the  long  canals  they  go, 
And  under  the  Rialto  shoot  along, 

By  night  and  day.,  all  paces,  swift  or  slow. 
And  round  the  Theatres,  a  sable  throng, 
They  wait  in  their  dusk  livery  of  woe, 
Bpt  not  to  them  do  woeful  things  be¬ 
long, 

For  sometimes  they  contain  a  deal  of  fun. 
Like  mourning  coaches  when  the  fune¬ 
ral’s  done.” 

The  Lady’s  choice  is  pleasantly  de¬ 
scribed  : 

“  And  then  he  was  a  Count,  and  then  he 
knew 

Music  and  dancing,  fiddling,  French, 
and  Tuscan, 

The  last  not  easy  be  it  known  to  you, 
For  few  Italians  speak  the  right  Etrus¬ 
can  ; 

He  was  a  critic  upon  Operas  too, 

And  knew  all  niceties  of  the  sock  and 
buskin, 

And  no  Venetian  audience  could  endure  a 
Song,  scene,  or  air  when  he  cried,  ‘  Sec- 
catura.’ 

His  ‘  bravo’  was  decisive,  for  that  sound 
Hush’d  ‘  Academic*  sigh’d  in  silent  awe, 
The  fiddlers  trembled  as  he  look’d  around. 
For  fear  of  some  false  note’s  detected 
flaw  ;  [bound, 

The * prima  Donna’s’  tuneful  heart  would 
Dreading  the  deep  damnation  of  his 
‘  bah!’ 

Soprano,  basso,  even  the  contra- alto, 
Wish’d  him  five  fathom  under  the  Rialto. 

No  wonder  such  accomplishments  should 
turn  [steady, 

A  female  head,  however  sage  and 
With  scarce  a  hope  that  Beppo  could 
return,  {he 

In  law  he  was  almost  as  good  as  dead, 
Nor  sent,  nor  wrote,  nor  shew’d  the  least 
concern,  [already, 

And  she  had  waited  several  years 
And  really,  if  a  man  won’t  let  us  know 
That  he ’s  alive,  he  *s  dead ,  or  should 
be  so.” 

We  must  conclude  our  extracts. 
The  Poem  wan  ers  on  from  digression 
to  digression,  occasionally  pointed, 
or  even  sour  and  satiric,  but  chiefly 
Gent,  Mao.  August ,  1818. 


in  the  easy  and  listless  style  in  which 
verse  is  allowed  to  fashion  sentiment, 
and  the  writer  throws  the  reins  on  the 
neck  of  his  imagination. 

We  close  with  this  degugk  contrast 
of  England  and  Italy  : 

<£  For  all  those  sinful  doings  I  must  say, 
That  Italy’s  a  pleasant  place  to  me, 
Who  love  to  see  the  sun  shine  every  day. 
And  vines  (not  nail’d  to  walls)  from 
tree  to  tree,  [play, 

Festoon’d,  much  like  the  back-scene  of  a 
Or  melo-drame  which  people  flock  to 
see, 

When  the  first  act  is  ended  by  a  dance 
In  vineyards  copied  from  the  South  of 
France. 

I  like  on  autumn  evenings  to  ride  out 
Without  being  forc’d  to  bid  my  groom 
.  be  sure  [about. 

My  cloak  is  round  his  middle  strapp’d 
Because  the  skies  are  not  the  most 
secure  ;  [route, 

I  know  too,  that  if  stopp’d  upon  my 
Where  the  green  alleys  windingly 
allure,  [the  way. 

Reeling  with  grapes  red  waggons  choak 
In  England  ’twould  be  dung,  dust,  or  a 
dray. 

I  also  like  to  dine  on  becqficas, 

To  see  the  sun  set,  sure  he’ll  rise  to¬ 
morrow,  [weak  as 

Not  thro’  a  misty  morning,  twinkling 
A  drunken  man’s  dead  eye  in  maudlin 
sorrow, 

But  with  all  Heaven  t’  himself :  that  day 
will  break  as 

Beauteous  as  cloudless,  nor  be  forc’d 
to  borrow 

That  sort  of  farthing  candlelight  which 
glimmers 

Where  reeking  London’s  smoky  cauldron 
simmers. 

I  love  the  language,  that  soft,  bastard 
'Latin,  [mouth, 

Which  melts  like  kisses  from  a  female 
And  sounds  as  if  it  should  be  writ  on 
satin  [sweet  South, 

With  syllables  which  breathe  of  the 
And  gentle  liquids  gliding  all  so  pat  in 
That  not  a  single  accent  seems  un¬ 
couth, 

Like  our  harsh  Northern  whistling, 
grunting  guttural, 

Which  we’re  obliged  to  hiss,  and  spit, 
and  sputter  all.” 

The  Poem  has  been  given  to  a  large 
parentage;  but  from  some  peculiar  ex¬ 
pressions,  from  its  ardour  in  praise  of 
foreign  beauty,  and  its  rapid  turn  from 
festivity  to  satire,  we  presume  it  to  be 
Lord  Byron’s. 


21.  Anecdotes 


L  46 


Review  of  New  Publications ♦  [Aug. 


21.  Anecdotes  of  Remarkable  Insects  ;  se¬ 
lected  from  Natural  History ,  and  in¬ 
terspersed  with  Poetry.  Illustrated 
with  Cuts.  By  Joseph  Taylor.  18 mo. 
pp.  236.  Baldwin,  Cradock,  and  Joy, 

AN  interesting  and  very  satisfac¬ 
tory  description  of  “  what  we  have 
been  accustomed  to  look  upon  as  so 
many  rude  scraps  of  Creation;  but  if 
we  examine  them  with  attention,  they 
will  appear  some  of  the  most  polished 
pieces  of  divine  workmanship.”  The 
whole  is  interspersed  with  appropriate 
quotations  from  some  elegaut  Writers, 
both  in  prose  and  verse;  and  many 
of  the  articles  are  illustrated  by  neat 
and  accurate  delineations. 

22.  A  concise  and  easy  Method  of  Pre¬ 
serving  Subjects  of  Natural  History , 
intended  for  the  Use  of  Sportsmen, 
Travellers ,  fyc.  dCc.  to  enable  them  to 
collect  and  prepare  such  Curious  and 
Rare  Articles  as  they  may  wish  to  pre¬ 
serve,  or  to  transmit  in  safety  to  any 
Part  of  the  World.  By  William  Bul¬ 
lock,  Fellow  of  the  Linnean  Society  of 
London  ;  of  the  Wernerian  Society  of 
Edinburgh;  Honorary  Member  of  the 
Dublin  Society ;  and  Proprietor  of  the 
London  Museum  of  Natural  History, 
at  the  Egyptian  Hall,  Piccadilly.  12/wo. 

THIS  neat  little  volume,  compiled 
by  one  so  well  qualified  for  the  task, 
cannot  fail  of  being  generally  ac¬ 
ceptable. 

“  By  observing  the  instructions  it  con¬ 
tains,  and  a  little  practice,  gentlemen 
will  be  able  to  give  to  their  servants,  or 
the  natives  of  the  country  they  may  visit, 
such  directions  as  may  be  the  means  of 
procuring  many  new  and  valuable  sub¬ 
jects  of  zoology;  and  thus  of  adding  to 
our  stock  of  knowledge  in  the  produc¬ 
tions  of  nature,  and  of  contributing  ma¬ 
terially  to  one  of  the  greatest  sources  of 
rational  amusement  and  pleasure,  in 
the  examination  of  the  wondrous  works 
of  the  Creator.” 

23.  An  Account  of  the  great  Floods  in 
the  Rivers  Tyne,  Tees,  Wear,  Eden, 
fyc.  in  1771  $  1815.  With  the  Names 
of  the  principal  Sufferers  in  Northum¬ 
berland  ;  the  Amount  of  their  Esti¬ 
mates,  and  of  the  Damage  done  in 
each  Township;  also  an  Account  of  the 
Subscriptions  made  for  their  Relief 
in  1771.  To  which  is  added,  an  Ac¬ 
count  of  the  Eruption  of  the  Solway 
Moss.  8  vo.  pp.  47.  Charnley,  Newcastle. 

THIS  neatly  printed  little  volume 
contains  the  most  correct  and  perfect 


Account  of  the  two  greatest  Floods 
that  ever  visited  Newcastle-upon- 
Tyne  and  its  neighbourhood;  and  is  . 
principally  compiled  from  original 
documents  now  iu  the  possession  of 
John  Adamson,  esq. — As  the  number 
of  copies  printed  is  very  limited,  this 
will  hereafter  be  reckoned  among  the 
rare  and  curious  Local  Tracts. 

24.  Maria,  a  Domestic  Tale.  Dedi¬ 
cated  by  permission  to  her  Royal  High¬ 
ness  the  Princess  Charlotte  of  Saxe- 
Cobourg.  By  Catherine  St.  George. 
In  Three  Volumes,  \%mo.pp.  162.208. 
216.  Porter. 

THIS  Work  is  ushered  into  the 
world  under  high  auspices,  as  ap¬ 
pears  not  only  from  the  Dedication 
to  our  late  much-loved  Princess,  but 
from  the  patronage  of  several  mem¬ 
bers  of  the  Royal  Family,  whose 
names  precede  a  most  respectable  list 
of  Subscribers,  of  Nobility  and  others; 
influenced,  no  doubt,  by  motives  of  be¬ 
nevolence  to  give  encouragement  to 
the  efforts  of  a  mother,  who  “acknow¬ 
ledges  to  have  penned  the  present 
production  under  a  cloud  of  adver¬ 
sity,  with  the  hope  of  contributing 
thereby  towards  the  support  of  a 
numerous  family ;  chusing  for  her 
subject  the  memoirs  of  a  person  with 
whom  she  had  been  well  acquainted, 
from  a  persuasion  that  her  conduct, 
under  various  trials,  would  prove  that 
a  strict  adherence  to  religious  prin¬ 
ciples  has  always,  sooner  or  later,  its 
due  influence  upon  the  human  heart.” 

Such  sentiments,  from  such  a  mo¬ 
tive,  must  silence  criticism  on  the 
want  of  management  in  a  story, 
which  is  certainly  replete  with  good 
principles, and  which,  whilst  it  can  give 
no  offence,  may  amuse  a  vacant  hour. 

25.  Sophia  ;  or,  The  Dangerous  Indis¬ 
cretion.  A  Novel,  founded  in  Facts. 
Longman  and  Co. 

THERE  is  an  air  of  reality  iu 
f.bis  story,  which  confirms  the  preten¬ 
sions  of  the  title-page.  It  is  one  of 
the  few  novels  we  could  conscienti¬ 
ously  recommend  to  the  perusal  of 
girls  in  humble  life,  to  warn  them 
of  the  dangers  incident  to  their  situ¬ 
ation,  and  to  enforce  the  importance 
of  religious  principles  even  in  pro¬ 
moting  their  temporal  interests.  We 
dismiss  the  Work  with  cordial  esteem 
for  its  unknown  Author. 


26.  Lionel; 


147 


Review  of  New  Publications. 


1818.] 

26.  Lionel ;  or  the  Last  of  the  Peven- 
seys.  A  Novel.  3  vols.  Longman  8f  Co, 

THERE  is  much  pathos  in  this 
old  or  rather  modern  English  story. 
In  the  fable,  though  neither  proba¬ 
ble  nor  plausible,  resides  some  secret 
charm  to  interest  our  curiosity,  or 
rather  to  engage  our  affections ;  the 
characters  are  far  remote  from  the 
realitie*  of  human  life,  but  our  sym¬ 
pathies  are  enlisted  in  their  favour. 
Lionel  is,  in  short,  the  production  of 
a  writer  who  gives  to  a  prose  compo¬ 
sition —  the  vivid  conceptions,  the 
energetic  language,  the  elevation  and 
tenderness  and  delicacy  of  poetry. 

27.  Correction.  A  Novel.  3  vols. 

Longman  <3f  Co. 

THE  object  of  this  Novel  is  laud¬ 
able  and  meritorious ;  and  after  all 
that  has  been  said  and  written  on  the 
subject  of  Education,  we  know  not 
whether  a  Novel  may  not  strongly 
enforce  the  principles,  and  exemplify 
the  truths,  which  have  been  conveyed 
in  a  less  familiar  form  by  Mrs.  E.  Ha¬ 
milton  and  Mrs.  Hannah  More,  and 
other  celebrated  writers.  In  “  Correc¬ 
tion”  the  errors  incident  to  private  and 
public  education  are  ably  exposed  ; 
the  description  of  female  schools  is 
excellent ;  and  the  domestic  plan 
which  is  recommended  to  adoption, 
has  the  merit  of  being  not  only  good, 
but,  what  is  still  better,  plain  and 
practicable. 

28.  Juvenal’s  Tenth  and  Thirteenth  Sa- 
tireSf  translated  by  Edmund  L.  Swift, 
Esq.  Author  of  “  Waterloo,”  <3f  c.  pp. 
64.  Stockdale. 

THOUGH  not  the  lineal  descend¬ 
ant,  Mr.  Swift  inherits  a  collateral  por¬ 
tion  of  the  natural  and  acquired  talents 
of  the  celebrated  Dean  of  St.  Patrick’s. 
Of  this  let  the  Reader  judge. 

"  In  proffering  another  version  of  an 
Author  so  frequently  translated  as  Ju¬ 
venal  has  been,  the  new  candidate  must 
be  supposed  to  presume  that  he  has  ac¬ 
complished  his  undertaking,  not  merely 
as  well  as  his  predecessors,  but  more 
skilfully.  Without  such  a  confidence, 
he  has  no  right  to  come  before  the 
Publick.— -It  appeared  to  me,  that  where 
the  preceding  translators  exceeded  Ju¬ 
venal  in  elegance,  they  were  inferior  to 
him  in  strength ;  and  that  where  they 
emulated  his  vigour,  they  failed  to  re¬ 
tain  his  dignity.  The  sounding  decla¬ 


mation  of  our  Author,  his  epigrammatic 
point,  his  indignant  vehemence,  his 
caustic  humour,  succeed  and  even  blend 
with  each  other  so  rapidly,  that  no  re¬ 
gular  style  can  be — or  ought  to  be — pre¬ 
served  in  a  translation  for  many  lines  to¬ 
gether. — To  say  that  I  have  endeavoured 
at  preserving  each  of  these  characteris¬ 
tics  in  its  place,  and  thereby,  at  pre¬ 
senting  a  more  semblable  translation  of 
Juvenal  than  has  yet  appeared,  is  but  to 
advance  my  only  excuse  for  lengthening 
the  long  catalogue  of  his  •  translators. 
If  I  am  right  in  my  self-judgment,  its 
assumption  will  not  be  censured  ;  if 
wrong,  it  will  cease  with  the  beginning 
of  the  error. — I  have  omitted  nothing 
which  could  possibly  be  retained  in  my 
Author:  sometimes,  indeed,  I  have 
given  way — not  to  difficulties,  but  to  in¬ 
decencies  :  and  these  I  have  rather  es¬ 
caped  with  some  inoffensive  substitution, 
than  by  a  total  expurgation.  Consider¬ 
ing,  that  the  more  closely  a  translator 
keeps  within  the  limits  of  his  original, 
the  more  faithful  he  will  probably  be  to 
the  context,  1  have  anxiously  endea¬ 
voured  to  observe  the  boundary  which 
Juvenal  prescribed  for  himself ;  not 
merely  in  the  entire  Satire,  but  in  each 
particular  clause.  But  the  Reader  will 
observe,  that  I  have  neither  jumped 
over  nor  abridged  any  one  passage  to 
make  up  for  extravagating  in  another, — 
Upon  this  scale — unless  it  shall  be  found 
that  I  have  cut  away  or  slurred  over  any 
part  of  my  original— -I  claim  some  merit. 
Where  Juvenal  is  abrupt  or  colloquial, 
I  did  not  endeavour  to  be  diffuse  or 
dignified  ;  and  of  course,  where  he  is 
descriptive  or  vehement,  I  could  not 
afford  to  be  concise  or  familiar. — The 
Publick  will  decide,  whether  the  new 
garment  which  I  have  prepared  for  Ju¬ 
venal,  fits  him  as  truly,  and  looks  as 
handsome,  and  promises  to  wear  as  well, 
as  those  of  my  predecessors.  Carrying 
on  the  shopboard  metaphor— rthe  Publick 
will  determine  whether  they  will  order 
him  a  full  suit  out  of  the  same  piece.— 
To  speak  plainly— I  cannot  devote  my¬ 
self  to  the  translation  of  Juvenal’s  re¬ 
maining  Satires,  upon  the  chance  of 
public  favour,  1  send  these  two  into  the 
world,  as  an  experiment,  how  far  that 
favour  may  be  deserved  ;  if  deserved,  it 
will  not  be  withheld  ;  if  otherwise,  it 
cannot  be  demanded.” 

The  Satires  here  given  are  the 
Tenth  and  Fourteenth  ;  and  from  the 
first  of  them  we  select  a  specimen. 

“  ‘  Give  me,  kind  Heaven  1  oh,  give  me 
length  of  days'.’ — 

So  health  petitions  $  and  so  sickness 
prays. 

let 


148  Review  of  New  Publications.  [Aug. 


Yet  ills,  how  great!  how  ceaseless!  vex 
the  old : 

A  visage  worn,  and  hateful  to  behold; 
Lost  from  itself ; — an  hide,  no  more  a 
skin  ;  [so  thin, 

And  rivelled  cheeks,  and  wrinkles  drawn 
Such  as  some  antient  ape  might  sit  and 
claw 

In  Libyan  forests  down  her  hanging  jaw. 
But,  through  the  young  a  fair  distinction 
dwells ; 

As  this  in  beauty,  that  in  strength  excels. 
Old  men  are  all  alike  : — the  watering 
eye, 

The  childhood  of  a  nostril  never  dry, 
Weak  pipe,  and  palsied  limbs,  and  hair¬ 
less  head,  [bled  bread. 

And  gums,  that  fail  against  their  mum- 
Wife,  children,  his  own  self  abhor  him ;  he 
Turns  even  the  stomach  of  his  legatee. 
The  table’s  joys  desert  his  deadening 
taste  ; 

And  love’s  soft  recollections  sink  effaced: 
Dully  he  dozes  t  hrough  the  fretted  night ; 
Unequal  to  revive  the  lost  delight. 

Well  may  the  antiquated  vice  despair, 
And  turn  detected  from  the  laughing 
fair ! 

“  See  now  the  failure  of  another 
sense  ! — 

Clos’d  is  his  ear  to  music’s  influence. 
Though  the  first  warblers  of  this  war¬ 
bling  age,  [stage ; 

Clad  in  their  cloth  of  gold,  adorn  the 
What  matter  where  sits  he,  far  off  or 
near,  [can  hear  ? 

Who  scarce  the  trumpets  or  the  horns 
Whose  serving-boy  must  raise  adeafening 
din,  [in  ? 

To  tell  him  what’s  o’clock,  or  who  comes 
Besides — the  thin  cold  current  of  his 
veins  [trains, 

Feels  but  a  fever’s  heat : — in  gathering 
Diseases  rush  around  him ;  which,  to 
count,  [amount, 

More  quickly  could  I  cast  the  high 
How  many  strong  gallants  hath  Hippia 
match’d  ; 

How  many  patients  Themison  dispatch’d 
In  one  cool  autumn  ;  of  how  many  heirs. 
Have  Basilus,  and  Hirrus,  pluck’d  their 
/  shares  ; 

How  many  villas  too,  the  barber’s  boy. 
Who  rasp’d  my  stubble  beard,  doth  now 
enjoy. 

“  This  moans  his  shoulder  ;  this  be¬ 
wails  his  side;  [one-eyed; 

This  stone-blind  grumbler  envies  the 
While  he,  who  at  the  dinner’s  savoury 
view,  [true, 

Once  plied  his  jaws  with  diligence  so 
Opes  his  pale  lips  for  stranger  hands  to 
cram. 

As  the  young  sparrow  waits  its  nursing 
dam. 

/ 


Yet  —  worse  than  failing  limbs!  — his 
mind  o’erthrown  ; — 

His  servants’  names,  his  last -night’s 
guest,  unknown  ; 

The  long-loved  children  of  his  earliest 
care  [his  heir: 

Cast  from  their  rights; — an  harlot  made 
So  prompt  her  tongue  and  eyes’  dishonest 
skill, 

To  win  the  preference  of  a  dotard’s  will! 

“  But,  is  the  mind  untouch’d,  the 
judgment  sane  ? — 

Then  follows  he  his  offspring’s  funeral 
train  ; 

And  waters  in  his  age  with  lonely  tear 
His  wife’s  loved  ashes,  or  his  brother’s 
bier. — 

Such,  the  dread  purchase  of  protracted 
life: —  [mournings  rife  ; 

A  house,  with  ceaseless  deaths  and 
Till,  grey  in  grief,  his  woes  and  wants 
renew’d, 

The  sad  survivor  dies  in  solitude.” 

2fl.  Poems,  by  Arthur  Brooke,  Esq . 

sm.  8 vo.  pp.  144.  Longman  if  Co. 

A  vein  of  plaintive  melancholy  per¬ 
vades  nearly  the  whole  of  the  many 
teuder  poems  contained  in  this  vo¬ 
lume. 

In  an  “  Address  to  Lord  Byron’’ 
Mr.  Brooke  tells  us, 

“  Though  yet  but  young,  my  bloom  of  life 
is  gone,  [fui  year . 

For  I  have  pass’d  through  many  a  pain- 
While  firm,  though  friendless,  I  have 
stood  alone, 

Oppos’d  to  all  which  others  shun  and  fear: 
The  fool’s  reproof,  the  worldly  -  wise 
man’s  sneer, 

On  me^have  fall’n,  and  yet  perhaps  may 

But  vain  is  Hate  where  Friendship  could 
not  cheer ; 

Fate  hath  long  chang’d  my  heart’s  best 
blood  to  gall. 

For  Love  comes  never  there,  nor  Hope 
— which  comes  to  all. 

<c  Look  on  this  pallid  cheek,  ye  who 
have  known 

Its  earlier  brightness,  and  have  smiling 
said  [own 

That  ye  could  wish  transported  to  your 
The  fresh  suffusion  of  its  healthful  red. 
Where  is  the  eye’s  quick  lustre  ?  all  is 
fled— 

My  heavy  glance  scarce  brooks  the  blaze 
of  day ; 

Where  are  the  heart’s  warm  answers  ? 
chill’d  and  dead 

In  my  lone  breast;— and  yet  but  short 
delay 

Ere  from  these  lips,  perhaps,  the  last 
breath  ebbs  away. 


There 


149 


1818.]  Review  of  New  Publications * 


There  are  few  earthly  feelings  touch  me 
now. 

Alike  insensible  to  joy  or  pain.” 

And  in  the  “  Finale  !” 

«  My  soul  is  dark  and  barren  : — fancy’s 
flowers 

Have  perish’d  long :  then  let  my  dull 
strain  close. 

Hang  there,  my  Harp!  nor  through  suc¬ 
ceeding  hours 

Wake  thy  worn  strings  again  to  count 
my  woes.  [arose 

That  only  source  from  which  thy  song 
1  have  exhausted — far  as  song  may  tell ; 
And  if  with  thine  my  spirit  could  repose 
From  thoughts  which  wring  it  from  its 
inmost  cell, 

How  should  I  joy  to  breathe  one  long 
and  last  Farewell  !” 

The  following  “  Sonnet,  on  view¬ 
ing  the  Grave  of  Churchill”  is  of  a 
more  cheerful  aspect, 

“  Churchill !  although  thy  mis-directed 
song 

Sought  but  the  plaudits  of  a  transient 
fame ;  [flame 

Wasting  the  rich  glow  of  a  heaven  born 
In  the  vile  conflict  with  a  clamorous 
throng;  long: 

Yet  to  thy  shade  these  honours  shall  be- 
The  Muse  has  grac’d  thee  with  a  Poet’s 
name, 

And  it  shall  still  be  thine;  and  that 
proud  claim 

Hallow  thy  grave  these  mouldering  heaps 
among. 

**•  Princes  shall  perish,  Kings  must  be 
forgot,  [rant  lies) 

(Save  where  in  lasting  shame  someTy- 
But  in  the  tomb, — whate’er  its  earthly 
lot,— 

Genius  exults ;  the  Poet  never  dies ! 
Still  shall  some  answering  hearts  in  ho¬ 
mage  bow, 

Though  o’er  the  humblest  turf — as  mine 
does  now.” 

30.  A  Journey  to  Rome  and  Naples* 
performed  in  1817.’  giving  an  Account 
of  the  present  State  of  Society  in  Italy, 
and  containing  Observations  on  the 
Fine  Arts.  By  Henry  Sass,  Student 
of  the  Royal  Academy.  Longman  #  Co. 

THE  Author  of  this  agreeable 
Work  h  as  afforded  us  considerable 
entertainment ;  and  we  doubt  not  but 
that  his  remarks  may  be  read  by  fu¬ 
ture  travellers  with  equal  pleasure 
and  advantage.  Mr.  Sass  evidently 
contemplates  interesting  objects  with 
the  accurate  eye  which  belongs  al¬ 
most  exclusively  to  the  Artist — and 
his  casual  observations  and  deliberate 


reflexions  are  equally  characterized 
by  that  liberality  and  acuteness  which 
bespeak  a  cultivated  and  candid  mind. 

31*. First  Report  of  the  Committee  of  the 
Wiltshire  Society-,  containing  an  Ac¬ 
count  of  the  Laics  and  Regulations  es¬ 
tablished  at  the  First  Meetings  May  14, 
1817,  and  the  subsequent  Resolutions  of 
the  Committee ;  submitter i  to  the  Gene¬ 
ral  Meeting,  May  1.9  '818:  with  a 

List  of  the  Governors  and  Subscribers. 
Under  the  Patronage  of  His  Grace  the 
Duke  of  Somerset,  \2mo.pp.\6.  Bar¬ 
nard  and  Farley. 

THE  object  of  the  Wiltshire  Society 
is,  to  raise  a  Fund,  by  Donations  and 
annual  Subscriptions,  for  the  purpose  of 
apprenticing  the  Children  of  poor  Wilt¬ 
shire  parents,  resident  in  London  ;  and 
also  for  lending  to  such  as  shall  be  so 
apprenticed,  if  their  conduct  shall  have 
been  meritorious,  a  certain  sum  of  money 
at  the  expiration  of  their  apprenticeship, 
to  establish  them  in  business.  And  such 
Gentlemen  as  are  natives  of,  or  interested 
in,  the  prosperity  of  the  County,  are  in¬ 
vited  to  contribute  to  the  support  of  the 
Society. 

32.  The  1  ,'uth  of  the  Popular  Notion 
of  Apparitions  or  Ghosts  considered  by 
the  Light  of  Scripture :  a  Sermon.  By 
James  Plumptre,  B  D.  Vicar  of  Great 
Gransden, in  Huntingdonshire, 
merly  Fellow  of  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge. 
8 vo.  Rivingtons,  Sfc.. 

WE  are  always  glad  when  we  see 
Reason  brought  forward  to  demon¬ 
strate  its  concurrence  with  Revela¬ 
tion  ;  because  we  sincerely  believe 
that,  except  io  points  which  refer  to 
the  entity  of  the  Supreme  Being,  thev 
are  perfectly  coincident,  both  being 
divine  gifts.  What  is  Scripture,  but 
infallible  reason  ?  And  most  certainly 
with  respect  to  the  future  world,  or 
our  ultimate  condition,  no  good  can 
result  from  the  influence  of  <  pinions 
unsupported  by  the  Bible.  They  open 
a  wide  inlet  to  numerous  mischiefs. 
We  therefore  agree  with  our  Author, 
where  he  says, 

“  For  my  own  part,  I  have  no  scruple 
in  saying,  that  of  all  the  stories  of  Ap¬ 
paritions  I  have  ever  heard,  I  know  of 
none,  excepting  those  mentioned  in  the 
Bible,  which  appear  to  have  any  evi¬ 
dence  to  confirm  them.” 

Mr.  Plumptre  derives  this  opinion 
from  the  denial  of  permission  to  the 
Rich  Man  in  Hell  to  appear  to  his 
brethren.  It  is  an  impressive  sensi¬ 
ble 


150 


Review  of  New  Publications. 


ble  discourse,  written  in  the  Evange¬ 
lical  form,  intended,  like  Naylor’s  Ser¬ 
mons,  to  counteract  the  “  Inanity  and 
Mischief  of  vulgar  Superstitions.” 

33.  Letters  on  English  History , for  the 
Use  of  Schools.  By  J.  Bigland,  Au¬ 
thor  of  Letters  on  Antient  and  Modern 
History ,  Sic.  Longman  and  Co. 

THIS  is  perhaps  the  best  introduc¬ 
tion  to  English  History  extant.  The 
arrangement  is  clear  and  concise — the 
principles  are  distinctly  stated — and 
the  Author  is  not  more  distinguished 
by  the  brevity  of  his  details,  than  the 
accuracy  of  his  information. 

34.  An  Universal  History,  in  Twenty- 
four  Boohs.  Translated  from  the  Ger¬ 
man  of  John  Von  Muller.  Longman 
and  Co. 

HAD  the  illustrious  Historian  of 
Switzerland  produced  no  other  work 
than  this,  he  would  have  been  entitled 
to  the  gratitude  and  homage  of  pos¬ 
terity.  For  the  regularity  and  simpli¬ 
city  of  the  plan,  the  copiousness  of 
the  materials,  for  accuracy  and  re¬ 
search,  elegance  and  simplicity,  this 
Compendium  of  Universal  History  is 
wholly  unrivalled,  and  may  be  equally 
useful  as  a  Chart  to  the  Literary  Stu¬ 
dent,  or  as  a  substitute  for  other  His¬ 
torical  Information  for  the  superficial. 
The  translation  is  executed  in  a  mas¬ 
terly  style — this  one  book  should  re¬ 
deem  German  Literature  from  op¬ 
probrium  and  contempt. 

35.  An  Essay  on  the  Origin  and  Ope¬ 
ration  of  the  Dry  Rot ,  with  a  view  to 
its  Prevention  or  Cure.  To  vjhich  are 
annexed ,  Suggestions  on  the  Cultiva¬ 
tion  of  Forest  Trees,  and  an  Abstract 
of  the  several  Forest  Laws ,  from  the 
reign  of  Canute  to  the  present  time. 
Dedicated ,  by  Permission ,  to  His 
Grace  the  Duke  of  Gordon.  By  Ro¬ 
bert  Mc  William,  Architect  and  Sur¬ 
veyor.  Mo.pp.WO.  Taylor. 

THIS  Essay  is  replete  both  with 
utility  and  entertainment  ;  and  we 
cannot  give  the  Reader  a  better  idea 
of  it  than  in  the  Introduction  of  the 
ingepious  Author  : 

<f  The  utility  and  importance  of  tim¬ 
ber,  adapted  in  different  forms  to  the 
comforts,  conveniencies,  and  even  the 
necessities  of  civilized  life,  must  render 
the  means  of  preserving  it  from  decay 
an  object  highly  interesting  to  all ;  and 
claiming  the  particular  attention  of  those 


[Aug. 

who  are  studious  of  promoting  the  wel¬ 
fare  of  their  country  and  of  mankind. 

“  That  peculiar  species  of  decay  term¬ 
ed  the  Dry-rot,  to  which  timber  is  sub¬ 
ject,  has  of  late  become  familiar,  at  least 
in  its  baneful  effects,  to  all  who  are  con¬ 
versant  with  building;  more  to  the  emo¬ 
lument  of  some  individuals,  than  to  the 
credit  of  others;  as  the  enormous  amount 
of  annual  repairs  exhibits  a  melancholy 
testimony  of  the  frequent  but  ineffectual 
attempts  at  its  eradication.  It  is  not 
only  more  general  than  in  former  times, 
but  in  this  country  its  ravages  have  in¬ 
creased  beyond  all  proportion  to  what 
has  taken  place  in  other  parts  of  Europe. 
Many  buildings  are  daily  found  to  be  in¬ 
fected  with  it.  Public  works  of  modern 
erection  are  in  a  state  of  rapid  decay  :  and 
those  which  are  decaying  cannot  be  ex¬ 
pected  to  receive  any  radical  and  effec¬ 
tual  remedy,  if  the  causes  of  the  disease 
remain  unknown.  It  therefore  demands 
the  most  serious  attention,  even  on  the 
score  of  expense.  But  this  is  not  all. 
By  the  frequent  removal  of  the  rotten 
parts  of  the  timber,  which  are  the  bonds, 
plates,  and  ties  of  the  edifice,  though 
their  place  is  supplied  by  new,  the  walls 
become  impaired  ;  more  especially  on 
account  of  the  unequal  pressure,  which 
particular  parts  of  the  materials  of  build¬ 
ings  are  thus  compelled  to  sustain,  as 
the  original  adjustment  of  weight  and 
support  no  longer  exist. 

te  The  numerous  complaints  of  the  se¬ 
rious  consequences  of  this  decay  have 
given  rise  to  many  vaunted  remedies  : 
but  as  these  have  been  chiefly  empirical, 
they  have  proved  for  the  most  part  in¬ 
efficacious.  And  when  they  have  ap¬ 
peared  to  be  of  service,  it  has  been 
merely  by  checking  the  symptoms  of  the 
disease  in  some  particular  place;  while, 
the  constitution  still  remainingthe  same, 
its  ravages  have  been  going  on  imper¬ 
ceptibly  in  others,  till  at  length  they 
have  unexpectedly  burst  out  in  different 
parts  of  a  building,  the  possessor  of  which 
had  been  lulled  into  a  fatal  security. 

“  Some  men  of  science,  indeed,  have 
gone  farther  into  the  subject ;  and, 
struck  with  the  general  appearance  of 
fungi  in  the  disease,  have  ascribed  it  to 
these  as  the  original  cause.  Accordingly 
1  they  have  imagined,  that  by  removing 
the  fungi  they  should  effect  a  radical 
cure,  particularly  if  they  could  prevent 
their  recurrence.  In  this  they  have  de¬ 
served  their  share  of  praise ;  having  pur¬ 
sued  unquestionably  the  right  path,  as 
far  as  they  have  gone:  but,  contenting 
themselves  with  having  detected  the 
proximate  cause,  they  have  not  pur¬ 
sued  the  investigation,  and  endeavoured 
to  trace  the  remote  cause,  that  which 

produces 


151 


Review  of  New  Publications. 


1818.] 

produces  the  fungi  themselves.  Hence, 
though  the  disease  may  have  been  de¬ 
stroyed  for  a  time,  and  apparently  re¬ 
moved,  as  the  original  source  of  the  evil 
still  remained,  it  could  not  fail  to  recur 
after  a  longer  or  shorter  interval. 

“  Aware  of  this  deficiency,  and  hav¬ 
ing  repeatedly  witnessed  the  failure  of 
means  employed  both  with  and  without 
a  guiding  principle,  I  have  attempted 
to  trace  the  disease  to  its  remotest  source, 
and  investigate  all  the  causes  that  may 
cooperate  in  bringing  it  to  maturity  : 
whence  I  have  deduced  the  means  of 
preventing  its  attack,  arresting  its  pro¬ 
gress,  and  remedying  its  effects;  so  that 
the  following  observations  are  submitted 
to  the  publick  with  adegree  of  confidence 
resulting  from  a  theory  built  on  many 
years’  experience,  and  supported  by  satis¬ 
factory  conviction  of  its  practical  efficacy. 

.  “  If  it  be  a  truth  generally  admitted, 
that  opinions  merely  theoretical  are  of 
little  importance  compared  with  those 
formed  in  the  course  of  practice  ;  it  will 
not,  I  presume,  be  denied,  that,  where 
theory  and  practice  are  combined,  we 
have  the  better  ground  to  expect  a  fa¬ 
vourable  result.  I  have  therefore  availed 
myself  of  the  hypotheses  that  have  been 
advanced  by  those  authors  of  known  ta¬ 
lents  whom  I  have  been  able  to  consult, 
so  far  as  they  were  found  to  agree  with 
my  own  experience.  Whatever  is  before 
the  publick  is  free  ground  ;  to  treat  it 
fairly  then  is  the  only  apology  I  offer  for 
using  it.  This  declaration,  however,  I 
thought  necessary  ;  for,  while  I  have  no 
wish  to  pluck  the  laurel  from  another’s 
brow,  I  should  be  sorry  to  be  suspected 
of  a  design  to  appropriate  to  myself 
more  than  really  belongs  to  me.  Let 
others  more  bountifully  gifted  reap  the 
reward  of  their  application  :  it  will  be 
no  small  gratification  to  me,  if,  by  em¬ 
ploying  my  single  talent  to  the  best  of 
my  ability,  I  can  contribute  in  any  de¬ 
gree  towards  eradicating  that  destructive 
disease,  which  is  well  known  to  cost  the 
United  Kingdom  immense;  sums  annually 
for  repairs  of  buildings  on  land,  exclu¬ 
sive  of  the  expense  it  entails  on  our  royal 
and  mercantile  shipping.  I  therefore 
trust,  that,  though  I  must  expect  to 
find  enemies  among  a  certain  class  of 
interested  persons,  my  inquiries  will  not 
be  deemed  presumptuous  ;  as  I  am  only 
anxious,  that  in  this  very  extensive  field 
of  speculation,  united  endeavours  may 
attain  truth :  truth,  not  merely  for  the 
gratification  of  momentary  curiosity, 
but  which  may  likewise  be  advantageous 
to  posterity,  when  the  author  shall  cease 
to  be  affected  by  censure  or  applause. 

“Under  this  impression  I  have  endea¬ 
voured  in  the  following  Essay,  to  show 


the  nature  and  texture  of  oak  and  fir 
timber;  these  being  most  in  use  for 
building  in  this  country.  I  have  next 
attempted  to  trace  the  origin  of  the 
fungi  that  are  the  proximate  cause  of 
the  disease  ;  to  point  out  how  they  are 
generated,  either  in  the  wood  itself,  or 
from  some  external  source;  and  to. ex¬ 
hibit  their  progress,  as  they  appear  in 
the  several  stages  of  decay.  Having 
considered  the  various  agents  and  pro¬ 
cesses  in  the  decomposition  of  timber, 
I  have  examined  the  pretensions  of  dif¬ 
ferent  specifics  proposed  for  its  preven¬ 
tion  ;  and  have  then  endeavoured,  not 
merely  to  enumerate  the  means  that 
may  be  advantageously  employed  both 
for  the  prevention  and  cure  of  the  dis¬ 
ease,  but  to  assign  the  reasons  why  they 
are  effectual ;  and  hence  to  show  in 
what  cases  one  mode  of  proceeding  will 
be  most  beneficial,  and  in  what  another 
will  be  more  appropriate.  Thus,  instead 
of  abandoning  a  case  of  such  importance 
to  the  random  practice  of  the  mere  em¬ 
piric,  the  man  of  science,  when  he  per¬ 
ceives  his  way  clearly  before  him,  may 
be  able  to  give  a  reason  for  his  faith  in 
the  efficacy  of  the  means  he  sees  cause 
to  adopt. 

“To  give  a  clear  idea  of  what  appears 
to  me  to  be  the  structure  of  the  timber, 
on  which  I  have  treated  ;  and  of  the  se¬ 
veral  stages  of  the  cryptogamous  vegeta¬ 
tion  :  whether  it  be,  as  1  conceive,  the 
same  plant  assuming  various  forms  in 
its  progress  to  maturity,  agreeably  to 
what  we  see  in  the  insect  tribe,  and  dif¬ 
ferently  modified  by  external  circum¬ 
stances  ;  or,  as  is  generally  supposed, 
a  succession  of  plants  specifically  and 
generically  different :  I  have  made  draw¬ 
ings  from  nature,  which  I  have  taken 
great  pains  to  have  faithfully  and  accu¬ 
rately  engraved  ;  thus  exhibiting  more 
distinctly  to  the  eye,  what  words  alone 
could  not  express  with  adequate  per¬ 
spicuity. 

“  A  skilful  physician  may  restore  the 
feeble  artd  infirm  to  a  certain  degree  of 
health  ;  but  for  its  continuance  we  can 
rely  only  on  a  sound  constitution.  So 
it  is  with  the  tree  :  and  to  convert  this 
into  sound  timber,  not  naturally  liable 
to  decay,  though  subject  to  it  if  exposed 
to  contagion,  or  the  action  of  other  ex¬ 
ternal  causes,  our  care  must  extend  to 
the  proper  time  and  mode  of  felling  and 
seasoning  it.  These,  therefore,  I  have 
deemed  it  essential  to  the  completion 
of  my  purpose  to  discuss  :  more  parti¬ 
cularly  as  it  seems  highly  probable,  that 
to  mismanagement  in  this  respect  we 
must  chiefly  ascribe  the  extraordinary 
prevalence  of  Dry-rot  of  late  in  the 
United  Kingdom. 


“  Remarks 


152 


Review  of  New  Publications. 


“  Remarks  on  the  laws  and  customs 
respecting  the  growth  and  preservation 
of  timber  ;  the  antient  and  modern  state 
of  the  forests  in  this  country  j  the  faci¬ 
lities  afforded  by  its  soil  and  climate  for 
the  plantation  of  forest  trees  ;  the  me¬ 
thods  to  be  pursued  in  their  cultivation, 
to  render  it  most  beneficial ;  and  the 
advantages  of  this  investment  of  capi¬ 
tal,  both  as  a  national  concern,  and  an 
object  of  private  emolument;  will  not, 

1  trust,  be  deemed  superfluous,  or  fo¬ 
reign  to  the  purpose  of  this  Essay  :  in 
which  I  shall  at.  least  feel  the  satisfac¬ 
tion  of  having  endeavoured,  to  the  best 
of  my  ability,  to  render  the  public  a  ser¬ 
vice  ;  happy,  if  I  shall  be  found  not  to 
have  attempted  it  in  vain.” 

The  Volume  is  inscribed  lo  the 
Duke  of  Gordon  ;  and  sanctioned  by 
a  respectable  List  of  Subscribers. 

36.  Popery  the  Religion  of  Heathenism, 
being  the  Letters  of  Ignotus,  published 
in  “  The  Times'*  Newspaper,  in  the 
conclusion  of  the  year  1817.  With 
Additions , proving  the  Conformity  which 
subsists  between  the  Romish  Religion 
and  the  Religion  of  the  Antient  Hea¬ 
thens.  8 vo.  pp.  105.  Wilson,  Lon¬ 
don  ;  Keene,  Dublin. 

IN  defiance  of  Lord  Chesterfield, 
we  sometimes  find  it  very  convenient 
to  let  off  a  proverb  ;  and  one  comes 
very  apropos  on  the  present  occasion. 
We  observe,  that  the  Roman  Catho- 
licks  have  brought  an  old  house  upon 
their  shoulders ,  by  their  late  peti¬ 
tions  for  Emancipation.  Candour 
must  ailow,  that  it  was  the  misfor¬ 
tune  of  Christianity  in  the  barbarous 
ages  to  have  no  other  means  of  pro¬ 
pagation,  or  existence,  than  by  re¬ 
taining  Pagan  forms,  and  only  chang¬ 
ing  the  objects  of  worship  :  but,  to 
use  the  hack  expression  of  a  great 
man  in  one  of  our  public  offices,  It 
is  most  monstrous ,  it  is  most  mon¬ 
strous ,  to  think  of  retaining  such 
trash  in  the  present  slate  of  society. 
It  is  derogatory  to  the  glory  of  God, 
and  most  injurious  lo  mankind.  Be¬ 
fore  the  Catholic  Petition  could  be 
argued,  they  might  be  reasonably 
called  upon  to  expurgate  their  Au- 
gsean  slable  ;  not  for  purposes  of  irri¬ 
tation,  by  demanding  them  to  become 
Protestants,  but  to  do  the  work  them¬ 
selves.  Surely,  if  people  chuse  to  wear 
fillibegs  because  it  was  a  Roman 
costume,  they  act  in  defiance  of  the 
more  decent  propriety  of  breeches; 
but  the  Catholicks  demand  a  licence 


[Aug. 

to  smoke  tobacco  in  our  drawing¬ 
rooms,  and  spit  upon  our  carpets. 
We  mean  nothing  offensive  to  this 
body  of  men  personally ;  we  only 
mean  to  say,  that  the  evils  of  which 
the  Catholicks  complain  exist  in  the 
very  Religiou  itself.  It  is  inconsistent 
with  the  times. 

The  Author  of  this  work  has  learn¬ 
edly  supported  his  title  by  a  Compen¬ 
dium,  which  may  save  the  trouble  of 
wading  through  volumes:  and  the 
jet  of  his  book  is,  to  show,  that  Ca¬ 
tholic  Emancipation  is  not  a  mere 
question  of  human  policy:  but  that 
there  is  such  an  essential  distinction 
between  Popery  and  Protestantism, 
that,  to  secure  Toleration,  the  latter 
must  predominate.  Wherever  the 
majority  of  a  Nation  profess  a  par¬ 
ticular  form  of  a  faith,  it  is  indubi¬ 
tably  wise  to  grant  every  possible  safe 
concession.  Thus  Popery  is  tolerated 
in  Canada;  and  Presbyterianism  is  the 
established  religion  of  Scotland:  but 
we  confess,  that  the  question  here  is 
a  tremendous  bugbear  ;  uot  a  scare¬ 
crow  only,  as  our  brethren  of  the 
North  represent,  but  as  full,  for  all 
we  can  tell,  of  combustibles  as  a 
bomb-shell.  Popery  in  every  age 
has  either  enslaved  the  people,  or 
made  a  disturbance  :  and  it  is  foolish, 
for  it  will  never  keep  up  with  the 
march  of  Reason,  and  thus  obstructs, 
general  interest,  by  retarding  civili¬ 
zation  and  improvement,  unless,  as  in 
France,  the  people  become  infidels*. 

We  give  the  following  extract  from 
p.  34,  as  highly  ludicrous  : 

“  In  the  Church  of  St.  Agues,  the  an¬ 
tique  statue  of  a  young  Bacchus,  with 
a  little  change  of  drapery,  was  after¬ 
wards  worshipped  under  the  title  of  that 
female  Saint.  The  famous  statue  of  St. 
Peter,  in  his  Cathedral  at  Rome,  is  seat¬ 
ed  in  a  chair,  and  he  holds  a  key  in  his 
hand  —  the  well-known  position  of  Ju¬ 
piter,  who,  however,  held  a  thunder¬ 
bolts  The  history  of  this  statue  is  ra¬ 
ther  curious :  there  were  formerly  two 
statues  of  Jupiter  Capitolinus,  one  of 
stone,  and  the  other  of  bronze.  When 
Christianity  succeeded  to  Heathenism, 
they  put  Peter’s  head  on  the  body  of 
the  stone  statue,  and  gave  him  a  pair 
of  new  hands,  in  one  of  which  they 
placed  a  key ;  they  then  melted  the 
bronze  of  the  other  statue  of  Jupiter, 

*  i(  What  Popery  produces,  the  na¬ 
tional  characters  of  Spain,  Portugal,  and 
Italy,  sufficiently  attest.” 

and 


1 53 


Review  of  New  Publications. 


1818] 

and  recast  it,  after  tile  fashion  of  the  stone 
one,  as  altered  ;  and  so,  as  Horace  says, 

*  Mutato  nomine,  de  te  tabula  narratur.’ 
In  plain  English,  the  worship  went  on 
quite  as  well  to  the  modern  Apostle  as 
it  had  done  to  the  antient  Thunderer. 
In  either  case,  the  true  God  was  neglect¬ 
ed  and  forgotten.” 

37.  Ashford  Rectory;  or.  The  Spoiled 
Child  reformed.  Containing  a  short 
Introduction  to  the  Sciences  of  Archi¬ 
tecture  and  Heraldry ;  with  a  parti¬ 
cular  Account  of  the  Grecian  and  Ro¬ 
man  Games ,  SCc.  £Cc.  By  Frances 
Thurtle,  Author  of  “  The  History  of 
France,”  “  Memoirs  o/'Brillante,”  tyc. 
12 mo.  j op.  187.  Hailes. 

THIS  is  a  well-written  and  amusing 
little  volume,  and  comprizes,  without 
pedantry,  much  useful  instruction  in 
various  branches  of  polite  literature. 

38.  Letters  on  the  Evils  of  Impressment , 
with  the  Outline  of  a  Plan  for  doing 
them  away ,  on  which  depend  the 
Wealth,  Prosperity ,  and  Consequence 
of  Great  Britain.  By  Thomas  Urqu- 
hart.  Second  Edition ,  2>vo,  pp.  145. 
J.  Richardson. 

A  DELICATE  topick  ;  hut  it  isably 
aud  dispassionately  treated,  and  well 
merits  the  attention  of  Parliament. 

The  subject  is  taken  up  at  that 
point  where  Junius  was  obliged  un¬ 
fortunately  to  decline  because  he  was 
not  a  seaman.  The  cause  comes  home 
to  the  bosom  of  every  man  under  the 
British  Government  who  values  the 
welfare  of  his  Country  and  the  liberty 
of  British  Seamen,  and  public  discus¬ 
sion  will  promote  the  cause.  The 
Letters  are  dated  from  Lloyd's  Coffee 
House,  where  every  man  may  have 
the  opportunity  of  inquiring  into  the 
Author’s  character  and  situation  in 
public  life.  The  name  of  Urquhart 
indeed  is  well  known  to  the  Literary 
World  by  the  Tracts  of  Sir  Thomas 
Urquhart,  of  Cromarty,  a  learned  and 
celebrated  Antiquary,  reprinted  at 
Edinburgh  in  1774. 

“  Perhaps,”  says  Mr.  U.  “  no  man  in 
the  Kingdom  has  ever  given  this  subject 
a  tenth  part  of  the  thought  1  have  be¬ 
stowed  upon  -it,  from  the  circumstances 
alluded  to  in  my  Letter  to  Lord  Melville, 
which  was,  that  in  my  father’s  house 
the  plan  for  the  Bill  for  registering  of 
Seamen  was  principally  written  by  a 
friend,  perhaps  one  of  the  best  informed 
nautical  men  of  the  age,  and  at  that 
time  in  nautical  affairs  the  right  baud  of 
Sir  Philip  Stephens,  then  Secretary  of 
the  Admiralty.  The  discussions  which 
Gent.  Mag.  August.  1818. 

8 


this  led  to  were  so  impressed  upon  my 
mind  when  a  boy,  that  it  has  been  a 
thought  through  life. 

“  The  adoption  of  the  mode  by  which 
I  propose  to  improve  our  marine  system, 
would  tend  to  render  the  supreme  head 
of  Government  revered  in  the  hearts  of 
his  subjects.  Inquiry  would  prove  how 
greatly  the  confidence  of  the  Executive 
Government  has  been  abused  by  their 
underlings :  and  the  adoption  of  the 
plan  1  have  proposed  would  cause  justice 
to  be  done  to  individuals  —  obedience  to 
be  rendered  to  the  laws  of  the  land — and 
to  British  seamen  it  would  restore  their 
constitutional  rights,” 

39.  The  First  French  Guide,  containing 
art  easy  Spelling-book ,  Reading  Ex¬ 
ercises,  a  Recapitulation  of  the  various 
Sounds  of  the  French  Language,  a  Vo¬ 
cabulary  of  Nouns  in  general  use  with 
their  Articles,  and  an  easy  Introduc¬ 
tion  to  the  French  Grammar.  By  J. 
Cherpilioud,  Author  of  the  Book  of 
Versions,  SCc.  \%mo.pp.  147.  Hailes. 
THIS  is  the  work  of  an  Author 

who  has  already  acquired  some  cele¬ 
brity  ;  and  fhe  present  “  Guide”  is  in¬ 
tended  to  torm  part  of  a  series  of 
Publications  calculated  1o  facilitate 
the  attainment  of  the  French  Lan¬ 
guage,  which  the  Author  has  been 
led  to  undertake  in  consequence  of 
the  favourable  reception  of  his  for¬ 
mer  works. 

“  Having  had  before  his  eyes  the  va¬ 
rious  Rudiments  which  have  been  pub¬ 
lished,  his  aim  has  been  particularly  di¬ 
rected  towards  those  improvements  which 
tend  to  simplify  the  system,  to  fit  it  to 
the  age  and  capacity  of  the  learner,  and 
to  smooth  the  way  to  the  study  of  the 
Grammar.” 

40.  Elementary  Tables  of  Practical  Geo¬ 
graphy.  By  G.  Gould.  Printed  at 
Manchester  ;  and  sold  by  Longman 

'  and  Co. 

THESE  Tables,  which  are  com¬ 
prised  in  two  very  large  Folio  Sheets 
(the  Author  hopes)  “  will,  with  a  little 
previous  acquaintance  with  the  Globe, 
in  respect  to  Latitude  and  Longitude, 
and  au  attentive  reference  to  Maps 
and  Gazetteers,  prove  to  young  Stu¬ 
dents,  easy,  entertaining,  and  instruc¬ 
tive;  and  which,  committed  to  me¬ 
mory  afterwards,  will  become,  inde¬ 
pendently  of  other  advantages,  a  store 
of  much  valuable  information,  as  cor¬ 
rect,  it  is  presumed,  as  the  nature  of 
the  subject  will  permit.” 

The  Plan  is  at  least  ingenious,  and 
will  probably  he  found  useful. 


LITE- 


[  ‘54  ] 

LITERARY  INTELLIGENCE. 


Cambridge ,  July  3. — SirWm.  Brotone’s 
gold  medals  for  the  present  year  are  ad¬ 
judged  as  follows  : — For  the  Greek  Ode, 
to  Mr.  H.  Hall,  of  King’s ;  for  the  Epi¬ 
grams,  to  Mr.  Thomas  William  Malt- 
by,  of  Pembroke  Hall.  (No  prize  ad¬ 
judged  for  a  Latin  Ode.) 

The  annual  prizes  of  fifteen  guineas 
each,  given  by  the  Representatives  in 
Parliament  of  this  University,  to  two 
Senior  and  two  Middle  Bachelors  of 
Arts,  who  shall  compose  the  best  dis¬ 
sertations  in  Latin  prose,  have  been  ad¬ 
judged  as  follows  : — Senior  Bachelor. — 
John  James  Blunt,  Fellow  of  St.  John’s 
College.  (No  second  prize  adjudged.) — 
Middle  Bachelors. — Hugh  James  Rose, 
and  Charles  John  Heathcote,  of  Tri¬ 
nity  College. 

The  Porson  University  prize  for  the 
best  translation  of  a  passage  from  Shak- 
speare’s  play  of  Henry  VIII.  into  Greek 
verse,  is  adjudged  to  Mr.  Wm.  Sydney 
Walker,  of  Trinity  College. 


The  Continuation  of  Mr.  Bigland’s 
History  of  Gloucestershire  is  actually  be¬ 
gun  at  the  Press.  Some  portion  of  it  may 
be  speedily  expected,  and  the  whole  will 
be  completed  with  all  convenient  dis¬ 
patch.  In  addition  to  the  labours  of  Mr. 
Bigland,  will  also  be  given  a  complete 
History  of  the  City  of  Gloucester,  almost 
wholly  compiled  from  interesting  mate¬ 
rials  never  before  used,  by  the  Rev.  T.  D. 
Fosbrooke,  M.A.  F.S.A. 

Nearly  ready  for  Publication : 

The  Spirit  of  the  Gospel ;  or  the  Four 
Evangelists  elucidated,  by  explanatory 
Observations,  Historical  References,  and 
miscellaneous  illustrations.  By  the  Rev. 
W.  S.  Gilly,  M.A.  Rector  of  North  Fam- 
bridge,  Essex. 

Sermons  by  the  Rev.  C.  R.  Maturin, 
Curate  of  St.  Peter’s,  Dublin. 

Sermons  on  Miscellaneous  Subjects. 
Selected  from  the  MSS.  of  the  late  Rev. 
E.  Robson,  M.A.  Curate  and  Lecturer  of 
St.  Mary  Whitechapel  for  37  years.  By 
the  Rev.  H.  C.O’Donnoghue,  M.A. 

Family  Worship  considered,  and  some 
Hints  suggested  for  its  more  effectual 
performance,  with  Prayers. 

A  complete  Survey  of  Scripture  Geogra¬ 
phy:  containing  an  Historical  Account 
of  Primitive  Nations,  and  of  all  Coun¬ 
tries  and  People  mentioned  in  Sacred 
History.  To  which  is  prefixed  an  Intro¬ 
ductory  Essay  concerning  the  Origin, 
Occasion,  Character,  and  Meaning  of 
each  Book  or  Writing  in  the  Holy  Bi¬ 
ble,  &c.  By  Thomas  Heming,  of  Mag¬ 
dalen  Hall,  Oxon.  Illustrated  by  Maps. 


A  Critical  Examination  of  Mr.  Bella¬ 
my’s  Translation  of  Genesis  ;  compris¬ 
ing  a  Refutation  of  his  Calumnies  against 
the  English  Translators  of  the  Bible. 
By  Mr.  J.  W.  Whitaker,  of  St.  John’s 
College,  Cambridge. 

More  Work  for  Dr.  Hawker ;  in  a  Re¬ 
ply  to  his  Misrepresentations  of  the  Gos¬ 
pel  of  Jesus  Christ.  By  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Smith,  of  St.John’s  College,  Cambridge, 
and  Master  of  Gordon  House  Academy, 
Kentish  Town,  Middlesex. 

Narrative  of  the  Wreck  of  the  Ship 
Oswego,  on  the  Coast  of  South  Bar¬ 
bary,  and  of  the  sufferings  of  the  Master 
and  the  Crew  while  in  bondage  among 
the  Arabs ;  interspersed  with  humerous 
remarks  upon  the  country  and  its  inha¬ 
bitants,  and  concerning  the  peculiar  pe¬ 
rils  of  that  Coast.  By  Judah  Paddock, 
her  late  Master. 

Spanish  America  ;  or,  a  Descriptive, 
Historical,  and  Geographical  Account 
of  the  Dominions  of  Spain,  in  the 
Western  Hemisphere,  Continental  and 
Insular ;  illustrated  by  a  Map  of  Spa¬ 
nish  North  America,  and  the  West  In¬ 
dia  Islands  ;  a  Map  of  Spanish  South 
America ;  and  an  Engraving,  represent¬ 
ing  the  comparative  Altitudes  of  the 
Mountains  in  those  Regions.  By  Capt. 
Bonnycastle,  of  the  Royal  Engineers. 

Personal  Observations  made  during 
the  progress  of  the  British  Embassy 
through  China,  and  on  its  Voyage  to  and 
from  that  Country.  By  Dr.  Clarke  Abel. 

An  Historical  Account  of  Discoveries 
and  Travels  in  Asia ;  by  Hugh  Mur¬ 
ray,  F.  R.  S.  E. 

A  series  of  Essays  on  several  most  im¬ 
portant  New  Systems  and  Inventions, 
particularly  interesting  to  the  Mercan¬ 
tile  and  Maritime  World,  Ship- Builders, 
Under-writers,  Mariners,  and  all  Sea¬ 
faring  Men,  &c.  &c.  By  Abraham  Bos¬ 
quet,  Esq.  late  one  of  his  Majesty’s 
Commissaries  of  the  Musters. 

Memoirs,  Biographical,  Critical,  and 
Literary,  of  the  most  eminent  Physicians 
and  Surgeons  of  the  present  time  in  the 
United  Kingdom  ;  with  a  choice  collec¬ 
tion  of  their  Prescriptions,  and  specifica¬ 
tion  of  the  Diseases  for  which  they  were 
given :  forming  a  complete  modern  ex¬ 
temporaneous  Pharmacopoeia.  To  which 
is  added  an  Appendix,  containing  an 
account  of  the  different  Medical  Insti¬ 
tutions  of  the  Metropolis,  both  charita¬ 
ble  and  scientific. 

A  Translation  of  M.  P.  Orfilla’s  Di¬ 
rections  for  the  Treatment  of  Persons 
who  have  taken  Poison,  and  those  in  a 
state  of  suspended  animation;  together 

with 


1818.]  Literary  Intelligence.  155 


with  the  means  of  detecting  Poisons  and 
adulterations  in  Wine,  also  of  distin¬ 
guishing  real  from  apparent  death. 

Treatise  on  the  Art  of  Preserving 
the  Feet. 

Preparing  for  Publication : 

Dr.  Spiker,  one  of  the  Librarians  of 
the  King  of  Prussia,  who  recently  visited 
this  Country  for  literary  and  scientific 
objects,  has  published  in  German  the 
first  volume  of  his  Tour  through  Eng¬ 
land,  Wales,  and  Scotland.  The  Work 
will  extend  to  three  volumes,  a  trans¬ 
lation  of  which  will  be  published  here 
under  the  authority  and  with  some  ad¬ 
ditional  remarks  by  the  author. 

The  History  of  Worcester  ;  by  Mr. 
Chamlent,  author  of  “The  History  of 
Malvern.” 

A  Geographical  and  Statistical  De¬ 
scription  of  Scotland  ;  by  James  Play- 
F4IE,  D.  D.  F.  R.  S.  &c. 

Account  of  the  Russian  Embassy  to 
Persia.  By  M.  Kotzebue. 

Memoirs  on  the  present  State  of  Sci¬ 
ence  and  Scientific  Institutions  in  France : 
interspersed  with  Anecdotes,  and  illus¬ 
trated  by  Plates  and  Tables.  By  Dr.  A. 
B.  Granville. 

A  Letter  addressed  to  Sir  S.  Romilly 
on  the  Abuse  of  Public  Charities.  By 
Mr.  Brougham. 

A  small  work  on  Gout,  by  Mr.  James 
Johnson,  Author  of  “The  Influence  of 
Tropical  Climates  on  European  Consti¬ 
tution  containing  a  condensed  and 
popular  view  of  all  that  is  now  known 
on  the  nature,  cure,  and  prevention  of 
this  formidable  disease,  collected  from 
the  sentiments  of  the  best  Writers  on 
the  subject,  both  British  and  Continen¬ 
tal,  interwoven  with  practical  Observa¬ 
tions  and  Strictures  on  certain  fashion 
able  remedies. 

A  Manual  of  Practical  Anatomy,  for 
the  use  of  Students  engaged  in  Dissec¬ 
tions.  By  Mr.  Stanley,  Assistant  Sur¬ 
geon  and  Demonstrator  of  Anatomy  at 
St.  Bartholomew’s  Hospital. 

A  Grammatical  Analysis,  on  apian  per¬ 
fectly  simple,  and  altogether  new,  of  the 
French,  Italian,  Spanish,  the  Ancient 
and  Modern  Greek,  Latin,  Hebrew,  and 
Syriac  Languages  ;  with  a  Classed  Voca¬ 
bulary,  whereby  those  Languages  may 
be  respectively  acquired  with  facility. 
By  the  Rev.  Fred.  Nolan,  Author  of  an 
Enquiry  into  the  Integrity  of  the  Greek 
Vulgate,  &c.  &c.  The  Modern  Greek 
will  be  furnished  by  Mr.  Calbo,  a  na¬ 
tive  of  the  Ionian  Republic,  and  Public 
Lecturer  on  Greek  Literature. 

Poems  and  Songs,  chiefly  in  the  Scot¬ 
tish  dialect,  by  the  late  Richard  Gall. 
— Mr.  Gall  died  several  years  ago  in  the 
bloom  of  youth,  when  his  genius  and 
taste  had  introduced  him  to  gentlemen 
eminent  in  the  Literary  world.  He  en¬ 


joyed  the  friendship  and  correspondence 
of  Burns,  Campbell,  Macniell,  and  other 
celebrated  Poets  of  the  day ;  and  his 
Poems  breathe  a  tenderness  and  simpli¬ 
city  honourable  to  the  head  and  heart 
of  the  author. 

Florence  Macarthy  ;  a  Tale.  By  Lady 
Morgan. 

The  Life  of  Las  Casas  up  to  his  re¬ 
turn  from  St.  Helena,  communicated 
by  himself;  containing  authentic  details 
respecting  the  Voyage  to,  the  Residence, 
the  manner  of  living,  and  the  treatment 
of  Buonaparte,  at  St.  Helena.  Also, 
some  Letters  which  were  not  forwarded 
to  their  destination  by  the  British  Go¬ 
vernment. 

Remarks  on  the  Conduct  of  a  Nur¬ 
sery  :  a  Work  that  had  received  the 
permission  of  her  late  R.  H.  the  Prin¬ 
cess  of  Wales  and  Coburg,  to  be  dedi¬ 
cated  to  her.  Its  object  is  to  convey 
information  for  young  Mothers,  and  such 
as  do  not  think  the  duties  attached  to 
so  sacred  a  title,  dishonourable.  By 
Henry  Thompson,  Surgeon  Apothecary, 
&c.  &c. 

Sunday  School  and  other  Anecdotes, 
chiefly  original,  Catechetical  Exercises, 
mostly  from  Scripture,  and  other  inte¬ 
resting  matter  relative  to  the  Instruc¬ 
tion  of  the  Rising  Generation.  By  Geo. 
Russell.  Dedicated  by  permission  to 
the  Duke  of  Sussex. 

A  new  edition  has  been  published,  at 
Rome,  of  the  celebrated  Treatise  on 
Painting,  by  Leonardo  da  Vinci.  This 
new  edition  is  made  after  a  manuscript 
fortunately  discovered  in  the  Vatican 
Library;  it  contains  a  great  many  very 
interesting  chapters  which  have  never 
before  been  published,  and  will,  doubt¬ 
less,  be  a  valuable  acquisition  to  the 
lovers  of  the  Fine  Arts. 

Mr.  Thomas  ScofT,  paymaster  of  the 
70th  regiment,  stationed  at  Kingston,  in 
Upper  Canada,  is  reported  in  the  United 
States  to  be  the  Author  of  “  Waverley,” 
“The  Antiquary,”  &c.  &c.  An  acknow¬ 
ledgment  of  the  fact  was  made  (says  the 
Port-Folio )  by  one  of  the  family  of  Mr. 
Scott  to  an  American  gentleman  during 
the  last  autumn.  In  addition  to  this,  an 
individual  of  Philadelphia  has  seen  the 
manuscript  of  one  of  these  works.  Mrs. 
Scott,  the  lady  of  Mr.  Thomas  Scott, 
lately  passed  through  New  York,  on  her 
way  to  Great  Britain  ;  and  the  time  of 
her  arrival  was  distinguished  by  an  ad¬ 
vertisement  of  a  new  tale  in  three  vo¬ 
lumes,  entitled  “  Rob  Roy,”  as  having 
been  put  to  press  in  England,  by  the  au¬ 
thor  of  “  Waverley”  and  other  novels. 
The  intimate  connexion  which  Mr.  Wal¬ 
ter  Scott  is  known  to  have  had  with  these 
publications  is  fully  accounted  for  upon 
the  supposition  that  the  author  is  his 
brother,  and  lives  in  Upper  Canada. 

ARTS 


[  156  ] 

ARTS  AND  SCIENCES. 


Perpetual  Motion.  —  John  Spence,  an 
ingenious  individual  residing  at  Linlith¬ 
gow,  in  Scotland,  has  applied  the  mag¬ 
netic.  power  to  the  production  of  a  per¬ 
petual  motion.  This  person  was  in  early 
life  apprenticed  to  a  shoe-maker,  but  the 
natural  bent  of  his  genius  for  mechanics 
overcame  every  obstacle  he  got  to  be 
keeper  of  a  steam-engine  in  a  spinning- 
factory  at  Glasgow,  and  after  two  years' 
study  in  this  school,  retired  to  bis  native 
place  to  pursue  the  shoe-making  for 
bread,  and  wheels,  levers,  &c.  for  the 
gratification  of  his  own  taste.  The  per¬ 
petual  motion  was  an  object  worthy  of 
such  a  devotee,  and  we  find  that  he  has 
invented  a  piece  of  mechanism  which  is 
doubly  curious,  from  its  own  powers, 
and  from  the  extraordinary  difficulties 
in  whose  despite  it  has  been  accom¬ 
plished.  It  is  not  easy  to  convey  an 
idea  of  it  without  plates.  —  A  wooden 
beam,  poised  by  the  centre,  has  a  piece 
of  steel  attached  to  one  end  of  it,  which 
is  alternately  drawn  up  by  a  piece  of 
magnet  placed  above  it,  and  down  by 
another  placed  below  it:  as  the  end  of 
the  beam  approaches  the  magnet,  either 
above  or  below,  the  machine  interjects 
a  non-conducting  substance,  which  sus¬ 
pends  the  attraction  of  the  magnet  ap¬ 
proached,  and  allows  the  other  to  exert 
its  powers.  Thus  the  end  of  the  beam 
continually  ascends  and  descends  be¬ 
twixt  the  two  magnets,  without  ever 
coming  into  contact  with  either;  the 
attractive  power  of  each  being  suspend¬ 
ed  precisely  at  the  moment  of  nearest 
approach.  And  as  the  magnetic  attrac¬ 
tion  is  a  permanently  operating  power, 
there  appears  to  be  no  limit  to  the  con¬ 
tinuance  of  the  motion,  but  the  endur¬ 
ance  of  the  materials  of  the  machine. 
— The  first  machine  made  by  Mr.  Spence 
is  very  rude,  and  fashioned  by  his  own 
hands;  but  he  intends  applying  the  prin¬ 
ciple  to  the  motion  of  a  time-piece.  We 
trust  this  ingenious  man  will  meet  the 
encouragement  he  deserves — if  not  as  the 
reward  of  his  talents  and  perseverance, 
at  least  for  the  benefit  of  the  commu¬ 
nity,  for  it  is  from  such  sources  that 
great  national  improvements  are  often 
derived. 

Bite  of  the  Adder.  —  Dr.  Leslie,  in  a 
communication  to  the  Medical  Journal, 
describes  a  case  in  which  ammonia  was 
successful  in  preventing  the  effects  of 
the  bite  of  an  adder.  Travelling  in  the 
North  of  England,  he  stopped  to  give 
assistance  to  a  poor  man  who,  having 
laid  down  on  the  grass  to  sleep,  had 
been  bitten.  From  experience  of  the 


beneficial  effects  of  ammonia  in  India* 
in  cases  of  the  bites  of  different  snakes, 
Dr.  Leslie  procured  some  spirits  of  harts¬ 
horn,  and  gave  about  a  drachm  of  it, 
mixed  with  about  half  an  ounce  of  gin 
and  a  little  water.  The  effect  was  very 
sudden.  In  ten  or  fifteen  minutes  the 
patient’s  eyes  became  more  bright,  his 
pulse  fuller  and  stronger,  and  his  coun¬ 
tenance  altogether  more  cheerful ;  and 
by  the  repetition  of  the  same  dose  as 
above  stated,  in  about  the  space  of  an 
hour  and  a  half,  he  appeared  perfectly 
recovered.  Another  dose  was  left  to  be 
taken  at  ten  o’clock  at  night,  and  in 
the  morning  he  said  he  was  quite  well, 
except  a  little  numbness  and  weakness 
in  the  arm  :  the  third  day  after  he  re¬ 
turned  to  his  work. 

Organic  Remain .  —  Mf.  Winch,  in  a 
Letter  addressed  to  the  Geological  So¬ 
ciety  of  London,  mentions  the  discovery 
of  a  tree  about  28  or  30  feet  long,  with 
its  branches,  in  a  bed  of  fire  stone  (one 
of  the  coal  sand-stones)  at  High  He- 
wort  h,  near  Newcastle.  Of  this  organic 
remain  the  trunk  and  larger  branches 
are  siliceous,  while  the  bark,  the  small 
branches,  and  leaves,  are  converted  into 
coal  :  and  Mr.  Winch  remarks,  that  the 
small  veins  of  coal,  called  by  the  miners 
coal  pipes,  owe  their  origin  universally 
to  small  branches  of  trees.  Mr.  W.  states 
it  as  a  remarkable  and  interesting  fact, 
that,  while  the  trunks  of  trees  found  in 
the  Whitby  alum  shale  are  mineralized 
by  calcareous  spar,  clay  iron-stone,  and 
iron  pvrites,  and  their  bark  is  converted 
into  jet;  those  buried  in  the  Newcastle 
sand  stones,  are  always  mineralized  by 
silex,  and  their  bark  changed  into  com¬ 
mon  coal. 

Blight  in  Apple-trees. — The  Ameri¬ 
can  farmers  are  said  to  prevent  the 
blight  in  apple-trees,  and  secure  plen¬ 
tiful  crops,  by  the  simple  process  of 
rubbing  tar  well’into  the  bark  about 
four  or  six  inches  wide  round  each  tree, 
and  a  foot  from  the  ground. 

Injuries  to  Trees  hy  Rabbits ,  &{c.  — 
Mr.  Joseph  Small,  gardener,  in  a  com¬ 
munication  to  the  Caledonian  Horticul¬ 
tural  Society,  recommends  the  following 
remedy  as  an  effectual  one  against  the 
injuries  done  to  the  bark  of  trees  by 
hares  and  rabbits  :  Take  hog’s-lard  and 
as  much  whale  oil  as  will  work  it  up 
into  a  thin  paste.  With  this  gently  rub 
the  stems  of  the  trees  upwards,  at  the 
fall  of  the  leaf.  Once  in  two  years  will 
be  sufficient,  and  the  innocent  nature  of 
the  ingredients  is  such  that  the  trees  will 
not  be  in  the  least  affected  by  it. 

SELECT 


[  357  ] 

SELECT  POETRY. 

'  *  v  v 


Mr.  Urban,  -Aug.  4. 

HK  following  neat  little  Poem,  by  the 
celebrated  Mr.  Christopher  Smart,  has 
never,  I  believe,  appeared  in  print.  It 
was  addressed,  in  1758,  to  the  wife  of  Mr. 
Emanuel  Mendez  Dacosta,  then  clerk  and 
librarian  to  the  Royal  Society  ;  and  is  now 
transcribed  from  the  original  in  a  small 
collection  of  Autographs  possessed  by 
Yours,  &c.  A.  S.  N. 

“  O  fram’d  at  once  to  charm  the  ear  and 
sight, 

Thou  emblem  of  all  conjugal  delight. 

See  Flora  greets  thee  with  her  fragrant 
powers, 

A  groupe  of  Virtues  claims  a  wreath  of 
Flowers.”  June  7,  1770. 

TO  SLEEP. 

[ By  the  late  Mr.  Curran.] 

Q  SLEEP,  awhile  thy  power  suspending, 
Weigh  not  yet  my  eye-lid  down, 

For  Memory,  see!  with  eve  attending, 
Claims  a  moment  for  her  own  : 

I  know  her  by  her  faded  light, 

When  faithful  with  the  gloom  returning, 
She  comes  to  bid  a  sad  good-night. 

*  #  *  *  *  * 

O  !  let  me  hear,  with  bosom  swelling, 
While  she  sighs  o’er  time  that’s  past; 

O  !  let  me  weep,  while  she  is  telling 
Of  joys  that  pine,  and  pangs  that  last. 
And  now,  O  Sleep,  while  grief  is  streaming, 
Let  thy  balm  sweet  peace  restore  ; 

While  fearful  hope  thro’  tears  is  beaming, 
Soothe  to  rest  that  wakes  no  more. 

On  the  Statue  of  Theseus  in  the  Elgin 
Collection  of  Marbles. 

(From  the  London  Literary  Gazette.) 

— ^YE,  this  is  he — 

A  proud  and  mighty  spirit: — how 
fine  his  form  [strove 

Gigantic! — moulded  like  the  race  that 
To  take  Jove’s  heaven  by  storm,  and  drive 
him  from 

Olympus. — There  he  sits — a  demigod — 
Stern  as  when  he  of  yore  forsook  the  maid, 
Who,  doating,  sav’d  him  from  the  Cretan 
toil. 

Where  he  had  slain  the  Minotaur — Alas! 
Fond  Ariadne  ! — her  did  he  desert. 

And  (heartless)  left  heron  the  Naxos’  shore 

To  languish . Look!  —  ’twas  he  who 

dar’d  to  roam 

The  world  infernal,  and  on  Pluto’s  queen 
(Ceres’  long-sought  Proserpina)  to  lay 
His  hand:  thence  was  he  prison’d  in  the 
faults  [thinks 

Beneath,  till  freed  by  Hercules . Me- 

His  mighty  Sire,  in  auger  when  he  saw 


How  dark  his  course  and  impious,  must 
have  stay’d  > 

(So  carv’d  to  nature  is  that  Phidian  stone) 
The  flow  of  life,  and  with  his  trident-touch 
Have  struck  him  into  marble. 


SONNET, 

Written  at  a  small  Village  in  Hertfordshi  re, 
formerly  the  residence  of  Hughes  the 
Poet ,  and  where  he  wrote  his  Tragedy  of 
“  The  Siege  of  Damascus.” 

W1  rH  pleasing  awe  I  pace  thy  bowers 
among, 

Soft  flowing  Mimram!  whose  pellucid 
stream 

Seems  still  to  weep,  as  in  poetig  dream. 

The  Hard  who  lull’d  thee  with  his  tragic 
song : 

Tho’  now  no  more  he  tread  thy  banks 
along, 

Yet  Summer  flowers, which  fruitless  never 
fade, 

And  Autumn’s  changeful  light  and  shade, 

Pourtray  the  varied  subject  of  his  song. 

And  as  by  pleasing  sympathy  Pm  led, 
Musing  on  worth  too  early  snatch’d 
away, 

I  see  the  rose,  neglected,  droop  its  head, 
And  tho’  I  listen  to  the  linnet’s  lay, 

Methmks  far  lovelier  flowers  have  here 
been  spread, 

And  here  a  sweeter  songster  lov’d  to 
stray.  R,.  R. 

Hertingfordbury ,  near  Hertford,  Nov.  1. 


ELEGIAC  EFFUSION. 

To  the  Spirit  of  a  beloved  Sister.  April  1816. 
a  H,  Betsy  !  little  did  I  think,  when  last 
We  met,  after  long  years  of  absence 
past, 

That,  as  the  shadows  o’er  the  dewdrop 
fleet,  [meet. 

Sever’d  so  soon,  we  never  more  should 
That  1  should  never  more  survey  the  trace 
Of  early  friendship  m  thy  guileless  face, — 
The  sister-smile,  one  little  transient  hour 
So  fond  to  hail  me  to  thv  simple  bower  ; 
The  short  quick  flush  ol  joy,  the  fainting 
form, 

Too  frail,  alas!  to  “  bide  the  pitiless 
storm” — 

And  then  the  troubled  look,  which  seem’d 
to  ask  [task. 

Heaven’s  kind  relief  from  too  severe  a 
And  (thy  sweet  offspring  clinging  round) 
to  say, 

While  resignation  brush’d  the  tear  away, 
“  Ah  !  who  shall  greet  you  with  affection’s 
tone — 

Ah  !  who,  my  heedless  babes ! — when  I  am 
gone; 


F  rotn 


3  58  Select 

From  treacherous  foes  protect  you,  calm 
your  fears. 

And  shield  from  feverish  blasts  your 
blooming  years?” 

All  these — and  many  a  deed  and  many 
a  word — 

Shall  love  in  deathless  characters  record; 

And  thy  dear  image  live,  unfadingly, 

In  this  poor  fluttering  heart,  till  I  am 
dust,  like  thee!  P. 


On  Miss  F.  G .—{May  1814.] 

,  where  to  sorrow  heaves  the  mourner’s 
heart, 

Joy  glisten  thro’  the  tear  with  kind  relief, 
*Tis  when  from  candid  truth  and  love  we 
part. 

And  holier  faith  that  pities  human  grief. 
’Tis  when  we  see,  from  her  pale  couch,  a 
friend 

( [Her  “  treasure”  to  the  Christian  only 
given)  lend 

With  kindling  eye  look  up,  where  angels 

Glory,  to  gild  the  gates  of  opening 
Heaven  ! 

Yes  !  gentle  maid  ! — assiduous  to  sustain 

Our  fond  affection  to  thy  latest  breath. 
In  all  thy  suffering  sweetness,  all  thy 
pain  ! —  [in  death.” 

Rejoic’d  we  saw — “  there  was  no  sting 
Yes!  as  thy  meek  demeanor  bade  thee 
live,  [die ! 

The  pride  of  friendship,  such  it  bade  thee 
Yet  say — tho’  lost  so  soon — shall  friend¬ 
ship  grieve  [sky  ? 

That  God  reclaim’d  thee  to  thy  native 

P. 

On  the  Ruins  of  Ludlow  Castle  *. 

LD  Ludlow  moulders  ’neath  the  hand 
of  age, 

Grey  worn  her  towers,  and  fall’n  her 
battled  heights ; 

Still  lives  her  fame,  for  on  th’  historic  page 

Are  stamp’d  the  glories  of  her  antient 
fights. 

Yes — Ludlow  sinks  in  ruin’s  dark  array. 

Though  Kings  and  Princes  once  have 
throng’d  her  halls  ; — 

Though  Britain’s  early  senate  there  held 
sway,  [walls; 

And  England’s  banners  wav’d  above  her 

No  more  her  gallery  with  loud  music  rings, 

Where  Cambrian  harpers  woke  their 
song  of  glee, — 


Poetry.  [Aug. 

Where  wither’d  hands  swept  o’er  the  yield¬ 
ing  strings,  [strelsy. 

And  smiling  beauties  welcom’d  min- 

No  more  the  banquet  throngs  the  woods 
around,  [the  stars, 

Where  merry  masquers  f  danc’d  beneath 
And  echo  mock’d  them  with  an  endless 
sound,  [wars. 

And  the  moon  lit  them  to  their  gallant 

Amidst  the  wreck  and  battlements  o’er- 
blown,  [doth  howl. 

And  crumbling  columns,  wiuter’s  voice 
There,  where  rude  moss  and  ivy  green 
have  grown,  [ing  owl. 

Flits  the  night  bat,  and  solemn-seem- 

And  oft  the  peasant,  journeying  on  his  way. 
Starts  into  fear,  and  listens  at  the 
sound; 

And  when  the  sunk  Sun  calls  from  earth 
the  day,  [ground. 

No  lingering  footstep  dares  to  tread  the 

The  toiling  spade,  and  the  laborious 
plough,  [and  stones, 

Forcing  their  way  through  sand, and  earth, 
Oft  find,  sequester’d  ’mid  hoar  roots  below, 
A  conqueror’s  skull  with  parch’d  and 
storm-worn  bones, 

A  massy  spear,  a  ponderous  helm  be¬ 
side; —  [to  wield; — 

A  shrivell’d  arm,  once  form’d  the  sword 
A  trunk  now  ’reft  of  all  its  earlhly  pride, 
Whose  tongue  spoke  death  and  terror 
thro’  the  field  ; — 

A  coin,  to  which  the  stamp  of  time  hath 
clung,  [inscription  bore, 

Which  some  crowned  head,  or  learn’d 
When  camps  and  conquerors,  kings  and 
fame,  were  young: 

Tis  now  effaced  —  and  Glory  lives  no 
more.  H.  L. 

THE  SCYMITAR  OF  MAHOMMED. 
(From  the  Arabic.) 

SEE  a  tempest  in  the  sky, 

The  clouds  are  rushing  wild  and  high. 
’Tis  dark — and  darker  still !  The  Moon 
Is  wan — is  fiery  red — is  gone  ! 

Along  th’  horizon’s  edge  a  ring 
Of  fearful  light  hangs  wavering. 

Yet,  all  beneath,  around  is  still, 

All,  as  entranced — lake,  vale,  and  hill. 
Hark  to  the  thunder-peal — ’tis  past, 

Scarce  echoing  on  the  upward  blast ; — 
The  lightnings  upwards  to  the  pole 
Roll  gorgeous, — not  for  us  they  roll. 


*  “  It  will  be  no  wonder  that  this  noble  Castle  is  in  the  very  perfection  of  decay,  when 
we  acquaint  our  Readers,  that  the  present  inhabitants  live  upon  the  sale  of  the  an¬ 
tiant  materials.  All  the  fine  courts,  the  royal  apartments,  halls,  and  rooms  of  state, 
lie  open,  abandoned,  and  some  of  them  falling  down;  for  since  the  courts  of  the  Pre¬ 
sidents  and  Marches  are  taken  away,  here  is  nothing  that  requires  the  attendance  of 
any  public  persons ;  so  that  Time,  the  great  devourer  of  the  works  of  men,  begins  to 
eat  into  the  very  stone  walls,  and  to  spread  the  face  of  ruin  upon  the  whole  fabric.” — 
Tour  through  Great  Britain,  ascribed  to  Defoe  and  Richardson,  vol.  IV.  p.  343. 
f  Milton’s  Masque  of  Comus  was  originally  performed  at  Ludlow  Castle. 


( 


Things 


159 


Select  Poetry . 


1818.] 

Things  in  that  tossing  sky  have  birth 
This  hour,  that  bear  no  stain  of  earth: 

*  *  *  *  * 

The  storm  descends  again — the  peal — 

The  lightning’s  hiss — the  whirlwind’s  swell, 
At  once  come  deepening  on  the  ear  ; 

The  cloud  is  now  a  sanguine  sphere. 

That,  down  3  cataract  of  light, 

Shoots  from  the  summit  of  the  night, 

And  glorious  shapes,  along  its  verge. 

Like  meteors,  flash,  ascend,  immerge. 

The  broad,  black  Heaven  is  awed  and  calm, 
The  Earth  sends  up  its  incense-balm. 

The  cloud-wreathe  folds  the  Mountain’s 
brow, 

The  Lake’s  long  billow  sinks  below, 

All  slumbering— far  as  eye  can  gaze. 

The  sapphire — one  blue,  mystic  blaze. 

*  *  *  ♦ 

They  come  ! — Whence  swept  that  sound^ 
so  near. 

So  sweet,  it  pains  the  mortal  ear  ? 

A  sound  that  on  the  spirit  flings 
A  spell  to  open  all  its  springs. 

(That  sound  thou’lt  hear  no  more,  till  rise 
Thy  own  white  wings  in  Paradise.) 

List  to  the  song  the  Genii  pour 
As  from  yon  airy  Isle  they  soar, 

Chaunting  alternate,  height  o’er  height, 
Halo  on  halo,  diamond  bright — 

The  strain  that  told  from  star  to  star 
They  brought  the  talisman  of  war. 

The  Prophet’s  burning  soymitar. 

GENIE. 

Allah  it  Allah  ! — High  in  Heaven, 

Might  to  the  Mightiest  be  given  ! — 
Mahommed — Prophet,  Prince,  be  thine 
On  Earth  Dominion’s  master- sign  ! 

On  thy  bold  brow  no  jewell’d  band, 

No  Sceptre  in  thy  red  right  hand  ; 

Forth — and  fulfil  thy  destiny  ! 

The  Scymitar  descends  for  thee. 

CHORUS. 

Hail,  holy  Scymitar !  Thy  steel 
Is  lightning’s  flash,  and  thunder’s  peal ! 

GENIE. 

Nor  mortal  force,  nor  earthly  flame. 
Woke  in  the  mine  its  mighty  frame  : 

Its  mine  was  in  the  tempest’s  gloom, 

Its  forge  was  in  the  thunder’s  womb ; 

To  give  its  hue,  the  eclipsing  moon 
In  brief  and  bloody  splendour  shone ; — 
The  comet  rushing  from  its  sleep 
Traced  thro’  the  Heaven  the  steel’s  broad 
sweep. 

CHORUS. 

Prince  of  the  starry  diadem, 

Where  found  its  blade  the  burning  gleam  ? 

GENIE. 

’Twas  edged  upon  the  living  stone 
That  lights  the  tomb  of  Solomon  ; 

Then,  rising,— temper’d  in  the  wave 
That  floats  thro’  Mecca’s  holy  cave  ; 
Above — upon  its  hilt  were  graven 
The  potent  characters  of  Heaven ; 

Then,  on  the  footsteps  of  the  Throne 
’Twas  laid; — it  blazed, — the  charm  was 
done. 


CHORUS. 

Now  woe  to  helm,  and  woe  to  shield, 
That  meets  it  rushing  o’er  the  field  ; 
Like  dust,  before  its  edge  shall  fail 
The  temper’d  sword,  the  solid  mail ; 

Till  like  a  star  its  glories  swell 
In  terrors  on  the  Infidel  ; 

A  sun,  foredoom’d  to  pour  its  rays, 

’Till  earth  is  burning  in  its  blaze. 

Pwlci. 


MAN.  ' 

WHAT  sinks  the  female  soul  in  woe. 

In  friendship’s  guise  a  deadly  foe. 
Say  who  can  cause  the  bitterest  throe  ? 

’Tis  Man. 

When  unsuspecting,  young,  and  gay, 
When  peace  and  pleasure  lead  the  way. 
Who’ll  tempt  a  simple  girl  to  stray  ? 

’Tis  Man. 

When  Hybla’s  honey  seems  to  flow 
In  sweetest  accents  soft  and  low. 

Who  watches  then  to  give  the  blow  ? 

’Tis  Man. 

When  lost  in  virtue,  sunk  in  shame, 
When  venom’d  scandal  taints  her  name, 
Who  then  will  clear  himself  from  shame  ? 

’Tis  Man. 

And  when  her  woe-worn  heart  is  broke. 
When  e’en  in  death  his  name  she  spoke. 

In  that  sad  hour  who’ll  laugh  and  joke? 

’Tis  Man. 

But  oh!  when  death’s  unerring  dart 
Shall  stop  the  life-throb  of  his  heart, 

Say  then  who  feels  his  conscience  smart  ? 

Base  Man. 

The  fluttering  pulse,  the  silent  tear, 

The  quivering  voice, proclaim  death’s  near, 
Remorse  shall  then  thy  bosom  tear. 

Oh!  Man. 


VERSES 

Written  with  a  Pencil  in  the  Porch  of  a 
Cottage  at  Cheam,  Surrey. 

J^MBOSOM’D  in  shrubs  and  in  flowers. 
Whilst  all  things  in  beauty  appear, 

I  cannot  enjoy  the  soft  hours. 

The  half  of  my  heart  is  not  here. 

My  wife,  and  the  friend  of  my  breast, 

Tho’  ever  attentive  and  kind, 

Can  no  longer — it  must  be  confest. 
Assuage  every  pang  of  the  mind. 

We  have  prattlers  still  left  at  home. 

They  ask  our  affection  and  care; 

Uncheck’d  in  our  flight  can  we  roam, 

Just  like  the  free  tenants  of  air  ? 

Though  friendship  is  sacred  and  dear. 
With  the  noblest  of  virtues  enroll’d. 

There  are  feelings  that  still  are  as  near. 
And  innocence  gives  them  their  hold. 

Come  then  to  the  town  let  us  wend, 

Where  good  humour  so  often  has  smiPd; 

But  if  turning  the  back  on  a  Friend, 

’Tis  to  meet  the  warm  wish  of  a  Child. 

Maritus. 

Imitation 


160 


Select  Poetry . 


[Aug 


Imitation  (/Horace,  Book  I.  Ode  20. 

TF  at  my  Cot  you’ll  deign  to  dine, 

On  no  soft  couch  can  you  recline, 
Nor  quaff  liqueurs,  and  foreign  wine, 

And  odours  sweet  inhale. 
A  joint  of  meat,  perhaps  a  pie. 

Alone  will  greet  your  friendly  eve, 

Which  we  ’ll  enjoy  right  merrily, 

In  this  my  rustic  vale. 

My  best  October  too,  dear  Hal, 

I’ll  draw  from  out  its  mouldering  cell, 
And  thus  with  pipes  and  foaming  ale 

We  ’ll  every  sorrow  drown. 
Ale  brewed  when  from  Hispania’s  shore, 
Our  Nelson  (whom  we  still  deplore) 

By  death’s  stern  dart  unconquer’d  bore 

A  never-fading  crown. 
CiERICUS,  M.  A. 


Description  of  a  short  Tempest  on  the  Coast  - 
of  Sicily  ;  by  a  very  young  Naval  Officer. 

rJ\HllOUGH  Tyrene  seas  we  cut  the  li¬ 
quid  way,  [day  : 

And  contemplate  the  charms  of  blooming 
A  streaming  purple  decks  the  Orient  sky, 
Aud  azure  clouds  receive  a  rosy  dye; 

In  verdant  billows  bright  Aurora  laves, 

Till  dazzling  sunbeams  gild  the  distant 
waves. 

Our  Eastern  view  th’  Ionian  waters  bound, 
The  West  is  by  Sicilian  mountains  crown’d; 
Far  South  the  Libyan  ocean  we  explore, 
And  on  the  North,  the  fam’d  Italian  shore  ; 
Till  all  the  prospect  leaves  our  ravish’d 
sight. 

Till  shades  infernal  veil  the  God  of  Light, 
Their  boriid  banners  o’er  the  deep  display, 
Recall  the  night,  aud  blot  the  face  of  day. 
Now  wiuds  wild,  rapid,  sweep  the  ocean 
wide,  [tide  ; 

And  fell  Chaiybdis  pours  a  thund’ring 
Loud  Scylla  groans  on  rough  Calabriau 
shores ; 

Eternal  fiie  in  hollow  ./Etna  roars  ; 

From  whose  proud  top  sulphureous  flames 
arise,  [skies. 

Float  in  thick  air,  and  taint  the  upper 
Now  on  the  lofty  waves  aghast  we  ride, 

And  see  vast  floods  in  fleeting  hills  divide. 
Now  lab’ring  down  Plutonian  waves  we  go, 
While  stormy  seas  huge  mountains  round 
us  throw  ; 

Their  swelling  sides  iEtuean  blackness 
wear;  [rear; 

Their  towering  heads  a  snowy  semblance 
The  pond’rous  billow  shrouds  the  passive 
shore;  [more. 

And  iEtna,  lost  in  clouds,  can  frown  no 


Till  half  the  vap’ry  deluge  falls  in  rain, 

Emerging  torrents  on  the  troubled  main  : 

What  fill’d  the  waterspout’s  tremendous 
urn, 

Lo !  sable  flurries  to  the  deep  return. 

Exhausted  wiuds  with  less’ning  tumult 
rave. 

And  Iris  glitters  on  the  broken  wave: 

Triumphant  thunder,  lastly,  gives  the  ray 

Of  splendid  Phoebus  to  the  br'ght’ning  day. 

All  nature  seems  to  change,  fresh  beauties 
bloom ;  [gloom  : 

Superior  light  succeeds  the  short-Iiv’d 

Through  foaming  seas  we  sail  with  new 
delight,  [flight. 

Till  Malta’s  isle,  safe  harb’ring,  stops  our 


Status  quo  ante  Bellum. 

LINES. 

fVritten  in  India,  on  the  Conclusion  of  the 
Second  War  with  Tippoo  Sultan. 

(By  an  old  Resident.) 

“  Delerida  est  Carthago.  ” 

TA/^HEN  “  the  whole  army,  pioneers,  and 
all,” 

Foretold,  of  late,  Seringa’s  * * * §  mighty  fall, 
The  needy  Sub  would  oft  his  pencil  take 
(Of  higher  ranks  ’ tis  not  for  me  to  speak), 
And  sorely  puzzle  his  bewilder’d  brain 
The  prize  to  calculate,  but  all  in  vain  ; 

He  multiplies,  subtracts,  then  adds  again, 
And  next  divides,  for  officers,  and  men  ; 
One  sheet  all  scribbled  o’er,  another  takes, 
And  greater  still,  the  share  allotted  makes; 
For  crores  T  on  crores,  the  Sultan’s  trea¬ 
sure  swell,  [tell  ? 

The  wonderful  amount  what  tongue  can 
It  sets  all  calculation  at  defiance  ; 

He  thus  concludes: — “  I  place  a  firm  re¬ 
liance 

On  something  handsome;  half  a  lack 
or  so, 

With  which,  by  way  of  China  §,  off  I  go!” 
This  once  resolv’d,  he  lavs  his  pencil  by: 
(Who  can  the  wisdom  of  bis  plan  deny  r) 
Hail,  prudent  youth  ! — but  since  the  pro¬ 
blem’s  ||  solv’d, 

Which  in  such  worlds  of  figures  lay  in¬ 
volv’d, 

Why  should’st  thou  be  on  stormy  billows 
tost  ?  [frost  ? 

Why  seek  in  distant  regions  snow  aud 
Here  genial  warmth  invites  : — ah!  do  not 
go ! 

The  yyuth  confess’d,  he  “  dreaded  frost 
and  snow  ;” 

So  quietly  remain’d  in  statu  quo.  J. 


*  Seringapatnam.  Palnam  signifies  a  town,  as  Madrasapatnam,  Masulipatnam,  & c. 

f  A  crore  is,  I  think,  100  lacks:  if  not,  I  will  thank  any  of  your  Correspondents  to 

set  me  right.  +  50,000. 

§  i.  e.  for  the  sake  of  a  favourable  remittance,  by  taking  dollars  thither. 

||  Seringapatnam  was  not  taken  at  that  time  ;  consequently,  the  prize-money  fell 
very  short  of  the  sanguine  expectations  formed  by  young  officers.  It  was  ransomed  by 
Tippoo,  at  the  expence  of  one  third  of  his  dominions,  besides  a  considerable  sum  of 
money. 


HISTO- 


[  161  ] 

HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE. 

- — — ■ * 

PROCEEDINGS  IN  PARLIAMENT. 


Hotjse  of  Commons,  April  17. 

Lord  Stanley  presented  a  Petition  against 
the  Cotton  Manufactories’  Regulation  Bill. 
It  complained  that  a  pamphlet,  which  had 
been  for  some  time  unknown  to  the  peti¬ 
tioners,  had  been  clandestinely  circulated, 
containing  most  injurious  charges  against 
the  manufacturers. 

Sir  R.  Peel  said  the  pamphlet  had  no¬ 
thing  to  do  with  his  Bill. 

After  a  general  conversation,  in  which 
several  Members  urged  the  postponing  of 
the  Bill,  or  the  appointment  of  a  Commit¬ 
tee  above  stairs  for  further  examination, 
the  petition  was  received,  and  ordered  to 
be  printed. 

Mr.  C.  W.  Wynn  suggested  that  the 
Copyright  Bill  should  be  sent  to  a  Com¬ 
mittee  above  stairs,  in  order  that  the  Pe¬ 
titions  upon  it  might  be  examined,  and  a 
Report  thereupon  given  to  the  House. 

Mr.  Croker,  though  he  opposed  the  Bill, 
had  no  objection  to  its  being  sent  to  a 
Committee. 

Mr.  Plunkett  observed,  that  the  subject 
was  one  of  considerable  importance,  and 
was  entitled  to  serious  attention.  Till  the 
year  1802  Ireland  had  been  unaffected  by 
the  laws  of  Queen  Anne  on  the  subject 
of  Copyright,  and  hooks  originally  printed 
in  England  might  be  reprinted  in  Ireland  ; 
and  America  had  been  supplied  from  Ire¬ 
land  with  most  of  the  productions  of  En¬ 
glish  Literature.  The  Act  of  Queen  Anne, 
relative  to  Copyright,  had  been  subse¬ 
quently  extended  to  Ireland,  and  by  way 
of  compensation,  an  arrangement  had  been 
made,  by  which  two  public  Bodiesin  Ireland 
were  entii led  to  tbe  same  privileges  with 
the  English  Universities.  To  deprive  the 
Public  Bodies  in  Ireland  of  tbe  benefit  of 
that  arrangement,  would  be  an  act  of  posi¬ 
tive  injustice,  as  a  much  more  valuable 
privilege  had  bteu  conceded  in  conse¬ 
quence  of  it. 

Mr.  Wynn  observed,  that  tbe  blanks  in 
the  Bill  might  be  filled  up  by  the  recom¬ 
mendation  of  the  Committee.  At  present 
one  half  of  the  books  to  which  they  were  en¬ 
titled  by  the  Copyright  Act  was  useless  to 
the  Learned  Bodies.  None  would  be  so 
much  benefited  by  the  repeal  of  the  clause 
alluded  to  as  the  natives  of  a  country  who 
had  contributed  so  much  as  Ireland  to  ad¬ 
vance  the  interests  of  Literature. 

Mr.  Peel ,  Lord  Palmerston,  and  Lord 
Custlereagh,  wished  the  second  reading  of 
the  Bill  to  be  postponed  till  after  the  Re¬ 
port  of  the  Select  Committee. 

Cent.  Mac.  August,  1818. 

9 


Sir  J.  Newport  stated,  that,  previously 
to  the  Act  of  Union,  it  was  no  piracy  to 
reprint  in  Ireland  books  that  bad  been 
originally  printed  in  England,  any  more 
than  it  would  be  in  an  English  bookseller 
to  reprint  in  England,  works  that  had  been 
originally  printed  in  France. 

Sir  W.  Scott  thought  there  was  not  much 
difference  in  the  two  modes  of  proceeding. 
The  only  objection  to  the  appointment  of 
a  Committee  was,  lest  it  should  occupy  too 
much  time,  which,  however,  he  hoped, 
would  not  be  the  case. 

Mr.  J.  H.  Smyth  said,  that  the  clause 
proposed  to  be  inserted  against  the  copies 
due  to  public  bodies,  was  only  a  repeti¬ 
tion  of  one  that  had  been  inserted  three 
years  ago  in  a  similar  Bill,  and  had  then 
been  negatived.  He  thought  the  second 
reading  of  the  Bill  should  be  postponed 
till  after  the  Report  of  the  Committee, 

Sir  E.  Brydges  could  not  consent  to  the 
appointment  of  a  Committee,  till  the  regu¬ 
lar  course  had  been  pursued.  He  was  de¬ 
termined  to  take  the  sense  of  the  House 
upon  a  great  question,  which  was  not  under¬ 
stood,  and  which  was  of  much  importance. 

Sir  S.  Romilly  saw  no  objection  to  the 
regular  course  of  proceeding.  The  Order 
of  the  Day  was  for  the  second  reading  of 
the  Bill,  which  certainly  contained  no¬ 
thing  mischievous  to  the  publick.  He  ap¬ 
proved  of  the  principle  of  the  Bill,  as  a 
book  could  not  at  present  be  published 
without  a  serious  tax  being  incurred.  The 
second  reading  of  the  Indemnity  Bill  had 
passed  without  a  debate,  which  took  place 
upon  the  question  of  the  Speaker’s  leav¬ 
ing  the  Chair. 

Mr.  J.  P.  Giant  expressed  himself  un¬ 
friendly  to  the  Bill. 

The  Bill  was  then  read  a  second  time, 
and  referred  to  a  Committee  of  the  whole 
House  on  Monday  se’nnight. 

Mr.  Wynn  gave  notice,  that  on  Mon¬ 
day  he  should  move  that  the  Petitions  on 
the  subject  of  the  Bill  should  be  referred 
to  a  Select  Committee. 

A  further  Report  from  the  Committee 
on  the  Message  relative  to  the  Royal  mar¬ 
riages  was  brought  up;  and  Mr.  Lambton , 
in  order  to  record  his  dissent  on  the  Jour¬ 
nals,  moved  that  it  should  be  taken  into 
consideration  this  day  six  months.  The 
motion  was  negatived,  and  the  Report 
was  agfeed  to. 

Lord  Gower  then  intimated,  that  the  first 
feeling  of  the  Duchess  of  Cumberland,  on 
learning  the  decision  of  the  House,  was  an 

impression 


162 


Proceedings  in  the  late  Session  of  Parliament . 


impression  of  gratitude,  but  accompanied 
with  a  delicacy  in  accepting  any  thing  that 
might  have  a  tendency  to  produce  a  se¬ 
parate  feeling  between  her  Royal  Highness 
and  his  Royal  Highness  the  Duke  of  Cum¬ 
berland.  Bui,  perceiving  that  it  was  the 
anxious  wish  of  his  Royal  Highness  that 
she  should  be  provided  for,  she  made  a 
sacrifice  to  that  feeling  ;  and  so  much  the 
more  readily,  trusting,  as  she  did,  that  she 
might  never  be  considered  as  a  burden  to 
that  Nation  by  which  she  had  been  treated 
with  such  kindness  and  respect  (Hear). 

Lord  Cadlereagh  confirmed  the  preced¬ 
ing  statement. 

The  House  then  went  into  a  Committee 
on  the  Cotton  Manufactories  Regulation 
Bill.  It  was  agreed  that  the  Bill  should 
now  be  reported  pro  forma ,  and  the  dis¬ 
cussion  on  the  principle  take  place  on  a 
motion  for  re-committing  it. 

Mr.  J.  P.  Grant  brought  in  a  Bill  for 
the  further  regulation  of  the  payment  of 
labourers’  wages,  which  was  read  a  first 
tim°. 

The  Mouse,  in  a  Committee  of  Supply, 
voted  the  usual  sums  for  Irish  miscella¬ 
neous  services. 


House  of  Lords,  April  20. 

The  Earl  of  Lauderdale  drew  the  atten¬ 
tion  of  the  House  to  the  currency  of  the 
country,  arid  to  the  proposed  measure  for 
continuing  the  restriction  on  cash  pay¬ 
ments  by  the  Bank  of  England.  He  took 
a  very  extensive  view  of  the  commercial 
principles  that  exercise  an  influence  on 
the  circulating  medium  of  a  country,  and 
denied  that  loans  by  foreign  Powers  could 
operate  to  interrupt  the  Bank  in  resuming 
cash  payments,  if  the  Directors  and  the 
Government  were  sincere  in  their  wishes. 
He  concluded  with  moving  for  a  Commit¬ 
tee  to  inquire  into  the  metallic  and  paper 
currency  of  the  united  kingdom,  and  into 
the  propriety  of  the  resumption  of  cash- 
payments  by  the  Bank  of  England. 

The  Earl  of  Liverpool  concurred  in  most 
of  the  principles  laid  down  by  the  preced¬ 
ing  speaker,  but  contended  that  existing 
circumstances  rendered  it  expedient  to 
continue  the  Bank  Restrict  ion  Act  for  some 
time  longer.  He  also  defended  the  mea¬ 
sure  in  contemplation  with  regard  to  coun¬ 
try  banks. 

The  motion,  after  being  supported  by 
the  Marquis  of  Lansdozvne,  and  opposed 
by  Lords  Harrowby  and  Sidmoutk ,  was  ne¬ 
gatived  without  a  division. 


In  the  Commons,  the  same  day,  the 
House  having  gone  into  a  Committee  of 
Ways  and  Means,  the  Chancellor  of  the 
Exchequer  enumerated  the  Supplies  voted, 
under  various  heads,  for  the  service  of  the 
year,  amounting  to  21,612,08 61.  He  tin  n 
stated  the  different  items  of  the  Ways  and 


£A«g- 

Means  which  had  already  been  under  th<? 
consideration  of  the  House,  making  a  to¬ 
tal  of  about  7,271,448/.  He  calculated 
on  no  surplus  on  the  Consolidated  Fund, 
although  he  felt  assured  that  there  would 
be  a  surplus ;  yet  he  reserved  that  for 
payment  of  arrears  that  might  arise  in  the 
course  of  the  year.  Next  year  he  hoped 
to  be  able  to  give  them  a  more  satisfactory 
account  of  the  produce  of  the  Consolidated 
Fund,  and  of  the  arrangement  respecting 
it.  The  sum  then  provided,  as  he  had 
stated,  compared  with  the  total  supplies, 
left  the  sum  of  14,000,000/.  to  be  still 
provided.  It  was,  however,  in  fact,  but 
13,000,000/.  some  odds  j  for  600,000/. 
would  be  reduced  of  this  sum  from  cir¬ 
cumstances  of  an  extraordinary  nature 
to  which  he  should  afterwards  refer.  He 
then  detailed  the  plan  of  creating  a  3J 
per  cent,  stock  and  funding  27,000,000/. 
of  Exchequer  Bills,  nearly  in  the  terms 
of  the  papers  sent  to  the  Stock  Exchange. 
He  mentioned,  as  a  subsequent  advan¬ 
tage  of  the  plan,  that  it  would  facilitate 
the  reduction  of  the  4  and  5  per  cents, 
which  might  be  accomplished  next  ses¬ 
sion.  He  proposed  to  charge  the  interest, 
and  the  making-good  any  deficiency,  upon 
the  Sinking  Fund  according  to  the  plan  of 
1813.  He  then  called  the  attention  of  the 
Committee  to  the  improvement  in  the  dif¬ 
ferent  branches  of  the  revenue.  The  fa¬ 
vourable  rise  in  the  amount  of  excise  du¬ 
ties  had  led -him  to  estimate  them  at  the 
sum  of  3,300,000/.  and  the  total  excess  of 
produce,  as  compared  with  the  year  1813, 
was  515,000/.  or  more  than  10  per  cent, 
on  any  former  returns.  In  the  last  quar¬ 
ter,  as  compared- with  the  corresponding 
quarter  of  the  former  year,  there  was  an 
improvement  of  121,000/.  in  the  excise 
war  duties.  By  a  fair  examination,  it 
would  appear  that  there  was  a  propor¬ 
tionate  increase  in  the  customs,  the  last 
quarter  exhibiting  an  excess,  notwithstand¬ 
ing  the  anticipation  of  between  500,000/. 
and  600,000/.  sugar  duties,  which  were 
paid  in  during  the  preceding  quarter. 
Upon  all  these  different  views,  he  con¬ 
ceived  that  he  was  justified  in  calculating 
upon  a  surplus  in  the  Consolidated  Fund. 
He  had,  however,  for  the  present,  abstain¬ 
ed  from  any  charges  upon  it,  in  the  hope 
that  the  scheme  of  finance,  which  he  had 
now  submitted,  would  meet  with  the  ap¬ 
probation  of  the  House,  and  afford  satis¬ 
faction  to  the  country.  He  concluded  by 
moving  his  first  resolution  with  respect  to 
a  new  subscription  to  a  3§  per  cent  fund. 

Mr.  Brougham  said  the  plan  now  sub¬ 
mitted  was  only  intended  to  conceal  the 
real  state  of  the  country  ;  which  was,  that 
in  the  third  or  fourth  year  of  peace 
we  were  compelled  to  borrow  to  a  large 
amount,  and  encroach  still  farther  upon 
the  Sinking  Fund.  He  really  deemed  it 

wise 


163 


1813,]  Proceedings  in  the  late  Session  of  Parliament. 


wise  and  prudent  in  such  circumstances 
to  abstain  from  any  expression  of  triumph 
at  the  flourishing  state  of  the  national 
finances.  He  then  objected  to  the  conti¬ 
nuance  of  the  lottery  as  a  source  of  supply. 

Mr.  Grenfell  said,  in  giving  4f  per  cent, 
for  3,000,000/.  the  Chancellor  of  the  Ex¬ 
chequer  had  made  an  extravagant  bar¬ 
gain  for  the  publick. 

Mr.  Maberly  maintained  a  contrary 
opinion. 

Mr.  F,  Lewis  said  we  were  borrowing 
at  an  interest  of  4/.  lCL.  to  pay  off  a  debt 
of  3/.  1  Of. 

After  some  further  conversation,  the  dif¬ 
ferent  resolutions  were  put  and  agreed  to. 

The  Parish  Vestry  Bill  went  through  a 
Committee,  in  which  a  clause  proposed  by 
Mr.  Alderman  Wood,  preventing  the  Bill 
from  extending  to  London,  was  agreed  to. 

The  House  then  went  into  a  Committee 
on  the  Poor  Laws  Amendment  Bill,  which 
continued  for  a  long  time,  and  iu-which 
there  was  considerable  discussion  on  the 
different  verbal  amendments  proposed  in 
the  various  clauses  of  the  Bill,  most  of 
which  were  adopted.  On  the  clause  by 
which  the  children  of  paupers  might  be 
taken  and  provided  for,  and  settled  by  the 
parishes,  under  the  ambority  of  the  Ma¬ 
gistrates,  by  apprenticeships,  &c.  there 
was  a  considerable  difference  of  opinion, 
and  it  was  ultimately  postponed. 

Bills  for  a  provision  of  6000/.  to  the 
Princess  of  Hesse  Homberg,  and  of  the 
same  sum  to  the  Duchess  of  Cumberland, 
if  they  survive  their  husbands,  were  read 
the  first  time. 


April  21. 

On  the  motion  of  Mr.  Serjeant  Onslow, 
a  Select  Committee  was  appointed,  to  in¬ 
quire  and  report  on  the  effects  of  the  laws 
regulating  and  restraining  the  interest  of 
money. 

Mr.  Shaw  -  of  Dublin  addressed  the 
House  on  the  propriety  of  repealing  the 
Irish  window  tax.  It  had  been  imposed 
as  a  war  tax  only  ;  and  surely  when  Eng¬ 
land  had  been  relieved  from  war  taxes  to 
the  amount  of  17,000,000/.  Ireland  was 
eiititled  to  exemption  from  a  burden  of 
shout  300,000/.  Me  concluded  with  mov¬ 
ing,  “  That  a  Select  Committee  be  ap¬ 
pointed  to  bring  in  a  Bill  for  the  repeal 
of  the  36th  ot  the  Fling,  so  far  as  it  con¬ 
cerned  the  taxes  on  windows  and  hearths 
in  Ireland.” 

Mr.  V ansitlart  said,  the  tax  in  question 
had  been  continued  after  the  peace  of 
Amiens  without  any  imputation  of  a 
breach  of  faith  on  the  part  of  Govern¬ 
ment.  But  if  it  had  been  a  war  tax,  it 
was  now  pledged  to  the  public  creditor  j 
and  the  fact  was,  that  the  taxes  of  Ireland 
were  not  now  equal  to  the  interest  of  the 
Consolidated  Fund,  Ireland  had  brought 


to  this  country  no  addition  of  revenue, 
but  a  large  addition  to  the  national  debt. 
There  were  2,000,000/.  of  a  deficiency  at 
the  consolidation  of  the  two  Treasuries. 
He  was  aware,  however,  that  the  assessed 
taxes  had  pressed  heavily  on  Ireland,  and 
especially  the  window  tax.  He  had,  there¬ 
fore,  proposed  a  scale  of  reduction,  tak¬ 
ing  off  25  per  cent,  on  the  total  produce, 
and  applying  it  to  the  relief  of  those 
classes  by  whom  its  severity  was  most 
felt.  He  was  happy  to  say  that  the  trade 
and  prosperity  of  Ireland  were  rapidly  re¬ 
viving. 

Mr.  Plunkett  contended  that  the  tax 
ought  to  have  ceased  at  the  peace  of 
Amiens  ;  and  it  not  having  bees*  then 
repealed,  was  no  reason  why  it  should 
not  now. 

The  motion  for  going  into  a  Committee 
was  supported  by  Sir  J.  Newport,  Mr. 
Grattan,  Mr.  Calcraft,  and  others  j  and  op¬ 
posed  by  Mr.  Peel.  On  a  division^  it  was 
negatived,  by  67  to  51. 

A  discussion  of  some  length  arose  on 
a  motion  by  Mr.  Marsh,  for  discharging  an 
order  for  a  return  of  the  income  of  the 
High  Bailiff  of  Westminster.  On  a  di¬ 
vision,  there  were  46  ayes,  and  an  equal 
number  of  noes  ;  the  Speaker  gave  his 
casting  vote  for  the  latter. 

It  was  ordered,  on  the  motion  of  Mr. 
B.  Shaio,  that  the  East  India  Dock  Com¬ 
pany  should  be  directed  to  present  their 
accounts,  including  the  extraordinary  dis¬ 
bursements  not  provided  for  by  the  in¬ 
creased  capital. 

Sir  J.  Mackintosh  addressed  the  House 
at  considerable  length  on  the  subject  of 
the  forgeries  on  the  Bank  of  England.  It 
appeared  from  the  returns  on  the  table, 
that  for  seven  years  previous  to  the  sus¬ 
pension  of  cash  payments,  the  Bank  had 
not  instituted  a  single  prosecution  for 
forging  their  notes,  and  that  for  the  seven 
years  subsequent  to  that  event  they  had 
instituted  no  less  than  222  prosecutions. 
In  the  14  years  previous  to  the  suspen¬ 
sion,  there  had  been  only  four  prosecu¬ 
tions,  and  in  the  14  years  afterwards  no 
less  than  469  (hear,  hear)  ;  and  in  the  21 
years  previous  to  the  suspension,  only  six 
prosecutions  ;  while  in  the  21  years  after 
it  they  had  increased  to  the  enormous  sum 
of  850.  The  proportion  was  therefore  6 
to  850  ;  and  he  would  ask  if  the  history 
of  the  criminal  law  of  this  country,  or  in¬ 
deed  of  any  other,  afforded  a  parallel  in¬ 
stance  of  such  a  sudden  and  permanent 
augmentation  ?  What  cause  could  be 
assigned  for  this  singular  and  melancholy 
change  ?  what  but  the  enormous  and  con¬ 
stant  increase  of  the  circulation  of  Bank 
of  England  notes,  more  especially  of  small 
notes,  which  at  first  had  only  been  dis¬ 
persed  to  the  extent  of  one  million  and  a 
half,  and  now  had  ascended  to  the  amount 

of 


Proceedings  in  the  late  Session  of  Parliament.  K  [Aug, 


of  seven  or  eight  millions.  Lpon  thiS 
statement  he  would  make  only  one  single, 
reflection  to  the  admirers  of  capital  punish¬ 
ments,  which  could  not  be  too  often  re¬ 
peated,  viz.  that  while  the  crime  was  ever 
visited  with  the  utmost  severity?  it  had  not 
been  able  to  repress  it ;  but,  on  the  con¬ 
trary,  the  more  the  promoters  of  capital 
punishments  cried,  hang. !  hang  !  hang  ! 
the  more  the  offence  was  committed,  and 
the  more  numerous  were  the  offenders 
executed.  The  subject  now  before  the 
House  was  intimately  connected  with  the 
measure  introduced  not  long  since  by  the 
Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  to  its  notice, 
for  diminishing  the  circulation  of  country 
bank  notes.  Whatever  were  the  other 
merits  of  that  Bill,  the  proper  title  to  it 
ought  to  be  “  A  Bill  for  the  better  promo¬ 
tion  of  forgery  for  it  was  intended  to 
lessen  the  issue  of  those  notes  seldom  or 
ever  forged,  and  to  increase  the  issue  of 
those,  for  forging  which  so  many  hundreds 
bad  within  a  few  years  lost  their  lives. 
(Hear,  hear.)  It  was  a  Bill  foi  the  elec¬ 
tion  and  furnishing  of  gibbets.  1  he  ma¬ 
chinery  of  the  Bank  was  most  perfect  tor 
the  protection  of  its  own  interests  ;  but, 
while  it  had  refused  payment  of  100,000 
forged  notes  for  its  own  benefit,  nothing 
had  been  done  to  guard  the  public  against 
impositions.  In  fact,  nothing  could  ire 
more  true  than  that  a  direct  tax  ot  2 5.000 Z. 
a  year  was  laid  by  the  Bank  upon  the 
lower  order  of  society,  least  capable  of  de¬ 
tecting  the  fraud,  and  of  sustaining  the 
loss.  If  a  tax  to  be  so  raised  were  to  be 
proposed  in  Parliament,  there  was  not  a 
man  in  the  House  who  would  not  start 
from  it  with  disgust  and  horror  ;  yet  the 
effect  upon  the  poor  was  the  same,  and 
the  Company  of  the  Bank  were  the  gainers. 
The  crime  of  forgery  was  often  attended 
with  peculiar  aggravations  :  it  had  not  un- 
frequently  been  made  the  means  of  se¬ 
ducing  the  unwary  into  guilt  and  its  con¬ 
sequences;  and  women  (from  their  nature 
weak  and  dependent,  and  incapable  of  the 
more  arduous  duties  of  life)  were  compe¬ 
tent  to  the  commission  of  this  offence,  as 
far  at  least  as  the  uttering  of  forged  notes 
constituted  a  part  of  it.  What  made  it  par¬ 
ticularly  odious  was,  that  whole  families 
were  sometimes  involved  in  the  same  crime  ; 
and  instances  were  not  unknown,  where  a 
father, his  wife,  and  children,  en  masse,  stood 
at  the  bar  of  a  court  of  justice  to  receive 
sentence  of  its  commission.  ( Hear ,  hear.) 
It  was  incumbent  on  the  Bank  to  have 
sought  some  plan  for  diminishing  the  ca¬ 
lamities  consequent  on  a  paper  circula¬ 
tion,  or  they  must  sink  under  the  general 
indignation  of  the  country.  Most  of  the 
ingenious  people  whose  projects  he  had 
perused  did  not  indeed  seem  to  be  aware 
to  what  perfection  the  Bank  had  brought 
their  machinery  to  protect  their  own  in¬ 


terest.  The  great  difficulty  to  be  con¬ 
templated  in  such  plans  was  the  one  of 
making  such  marks  as  would  be  under¬ 
stood  by  the  most  ignorant  persons,  at  the 
same  time  that  they  were  incapable  of 
being  copied  by  the  numerous  body  ot 
people  who  might  unfortunately  attempt 
to  imitate  them.  The  thing  would  he  very 
difficult  to  accomplish,  hut  they  were 
bound  *to  endeavour  to  complete  it.  He 
concluded  with  moving,  “  that  there  be 
laid  before  the  House  an  account  of  the 
total  amount  of  the  nominal  value  of 
forged  Bank  notes  presented  at  the  Bank 
of  England  from  the  1st  January,  1812, 
to  the  10th  April,  1818,  specifying  each 
year,  with  the  number  of  public  prosecu¬ 
tions  with  reference  to  furged  notes,  to¬ 
gether  with  the  expenses  of  prosecution 
for  the  same  period.” 

Mr.  Manning  opposed  the  motion,  on 
the  ground  that  any  other  part  of  the  ex¬ 
penditure  of  the  Bank  might  be  moved 
for  as  well  as  that  for  prosecutions. 

Sir  C.  Mordaunt  thought  that  forgeries' 
might  be  considerably  diminished. 

Mr.  Alderman  Wood  alluded  to  the  case 
of  the  unfortunate  woman  under  sentence 
of  execution,  who  had  been  incited  to  the 
crime  she  had  committed,  and  her  brother, 
who  appeared  much  more  guilty  than  her¬ 
self,  had  been  suffered  to  escape  by  the 
police  officers. 

Mr.  Grenfell  spoke  in  terms  of  com¬ 
mendation  of  Mr.  Tilloch’s  plan  of  mak¬ 
ing  Bank  notes. 

Mr.  Vansittart  thought  it  would  fully 
answer  the  Hon.  and  Learned  Gentleman’s 
object  to  have  the  number  of  prosecutions 
returned,  without  the  expense.  It  could 
not  be  supposed  for  a  moment  that  the 
Directors  had  recourse  to  the  abominable 
practice  of  employing  spies  and  informers, 
orthatthey  paidsumsof  money  forthe  trea¬ 
cherous  practice  of  inveigling  individuals. 

Mr.  Bennet  said  the  Bank  paid  rewards 
to  police  officers  as  well  as  others.  One 
man  (we  believe  of  the  name  of  Black)  re¬ 
ceived  30/.  for  the  conviction  of  two  lads. 
The  Bank,  he  understood,  paid  at  the  rate 
of  15/.  a  man. 

Mr.  Thompson  remarked  on  the  bung¬ 
ling  mode  in  which  the  Bank  of  England 
notes  were  executed,  whilst  several  coun¬ 
try  bankers  had  adopted  improvements 
which  rendered  the  forgery  of  their  notes 
extremely  difficult. 

Mr.  Dickinson,  Mr.  Babington,  and  Mr. 
B.  Shaw,  supported  the  motion. 

Mr.  Hart  Davis  said,  the  best  artists  had 
been  employed  by  the  Bank  to  contrive  a 
preventive  of  forgery,  in  vain. 

Mr.  Samuel  Thornton  contended  that 
Bank  prosecutions  had  been  conducted 
with  the  utmost  possible  moderation.  No 
expenses  had  been  incurred  for  the  pur¬ 
pose  of  entrapping  persons.  To  prove 

these 


1818.]  Proceedings  in  the  late  Session  of  Parliament .  165 


these  assertions,  the  accounts  of  the  Bank 
would  be  presented  without  any  objection. 

After  a  reply  from  Sir  J.  Mackintosh , 
the  several  motions  were  carried'  without 
a  division. 

April  22. 

Mr.  Bennct  presented  a  Petition  from 
persons  confined  in  the  Fleet  prison  for 
contempt  of  Court.  They  stated  that  they 
bad  done  all  they  could  do  to  do  away 
their  offence,  and  were  ready  to  do  every 
thing  that  might  yet  be  necessary.  They 
mentioned  the  peculiar  hardships  suffered 
by  six  persons  who  had  been  situated  si¬ 
milarly  with  themselves,  one  of  whom  was 
in  prison  34  years,  and  another  18  years, 
for  contempt,  and  died  in  confinement.  He 
hoped  that  the  attention  of  the  high  legal 
authorities  would  be  called  to  this  subject. 
He  confessed  that,  after  the  indifference 
that  had  been  shown,  he  had  no  great 
hopes  of  success  ;  but  he  had  done  his 
duty  in  presenting  the  petition.  The 
petition  was  received,  and  ordered  to  be 
printed. 

On  the  motion  of  Sir  J.  Newport,  after 
some  discussion,  a  Select  Committee  was 
appointed  to  inquire  into  the  state  of  Ire¬ 
land,  as  to  the  contagious  diseases  of  the 
last  and  present  year,  and  the  causes 
which  led  to  this  destructive  malady,  and 
to  consider  of  remedial  and  preventive 
measures  against  the  progress  and  recur¬ 
rence  of  the  evil  ;  and,  on  the  motion  of 
Mr.  Bennet,  a  Committee  was  appointed 
to  inquire  into  the  state  of  contagious  fe¬ 
vers  in  the  metropolis. 

Mr.  Wilberforce  moved  for  copies  of  all 
laws  passed  in  or  for  the  British  colonies 
since  the  year  1812,  and  not  yet  presented, 
respecting  the  condition  and  treatment  of 
the  slaves,  the  prevention  of  illicit  impor¬ 
tation,  and  the  state  of  the  free  coloured 
population  ;  also  copies  of,  or  extracts  of, 
all  accounts  received  since  the  year  1807, 
not  yet  presented,  showing  the  increase 
and  decrease  in  the  number  of  slaves,  and 
the  condition  of  the  free  coloured  popula¬ 
tion  in  the  British  colonies  ;  also  of  all 
letters  which  had  been  sent  to  the  colo¬ 
nies,  under  the  direction  of  the  Prince  Re¬ 
gent,  for  inquiring  into  the  manner  in 
which  slaves  had  been  treated  ;  and  of  all 
judicial  proceedings  relative  to  slaves  that 
had  been  transmitted  from  the  colonies. 
After  some  conversation  those  different 
motions  were  agreed  to. 

Sir  S.  Romillij  addressed  the  House  on 
4he  conduct  of  the  Grand  Jury  in  Domi¬ 
nica,  who  had  thrown  out  indictments 
against  several  planters  for  inflicting  cruel 
and  wanton  punishments  on  their  slaves, 
and  who  had  gone  so  far  as  to  present 
such  indictments  as  nuisances.  No  bene¬ 
ficial  change  could  be  expected  in  Domi¬ 
nica,  and  some  other  islands,  but  by  fol¬ 


lowing  Mr.  Bankes’s  advice  to  Mr.  Dun- 
das,  which  was  to  constitute  the  Attorney 
Generals  guardians  of  the  slaves,  to  make' 
it  an  essential  part  of  their  duty  to  inter¬ 
pose  between  the  master  and  the  slave 
when  there  should  be  a  necessity.  He 
then  noticed  the  oppressive  Acts  passed 
in  Dominica  respecting  manumission.  No 
man  of  colour  on  the  island  was  at  liberty 
without  paying  a  tax  of  16/.  10i. ;  others, 
not  born  on  the  island,  were  not  at  liberty 
without  paying  a  sum  of  3 51.  There  was 
another  law,  by  which  all  men  of  colour 
found  on  the  island  were  liable  to  be  taken 
up  as  runaways,  and  then,  if  they  were 
not  claimed  by  their  masters,  which  could 
not  be  if  they  had  no  masters,  they  were 
sold  for  the  benefit  of  the  publick.  If  a 
man  was  not  claimed,  it  was  nevertheless 
taken  for  granted  he  was  a  slave,  and  he  was 
sold.  Sir  Samuel  then  alluded  to  certain 
transactions  in  another  island  —  that  of  a 
Mr.  Huggins,  in  the  island  of  Nevis,  who 
was  tried  for  cruelty  to  slaves  belonging  to 
another  proprietor ;  he  ordered  that  two 
young  men,  charged  with  stealing  or  re¬ 
ceiving  a  pair  of  stockings,  should  receive 
each  100  lashes,  which  were  inflicted.  Two 
female  slaves  were  present  at  the  punish¬ 
ment,  one  being  sister,  and  the  other  a 
relative,  who,  seeing  the  sufferings  of  their 
relation,  shed  tears,  and  for  this  exhibi¬ 
tion  of  feeling  they  were  ordered  to  receive 
each  30  lashes  with  a  cart  whip,  which 
brutal  punishment  was  actually  inflicted. 
( Hear ,  hear).  For  this  inhuman  conduct 
Huggins  was  tried  and  acquitted  !  the  in¬ 
terference  being  considered  improper.  He 
read  the  opinion  of  the  Attorney  General 
,on  this  point.  The  Hon.  Gentleman  con¬ 
cluded  with  moving  an  Address  for  co¬ 
pies  or  dispatches  respecting  prosecutions 
against  certain  individuals  in  the  island 
of  Dominica,  &c.  &c.  ;  the  presentments 
of  the  Grand  Juries,  &c.  See. 

After  some  observations  from  Mr.  Goul~ 
burn ,  Mr.  Smyth ,  Mr.  A.  Grant,  Mr.  A . 
Browne,  Sir  J.  Mackintosh,  and  several 
others,  the  motion  was  agreed  to. 

House  of  Lords,  April  24. 

The  Marquis  of  Lansdowne,  in  moving 
for  a  copy  of  the  War  Office  Regulation 
of  the  17th  Feb.  la-t,  respecting  pensions 
to  officers’  widows,  mentioned  several  cases 
of  hardship  resulting  from  it,  and  con¬ 
demned  it  as  unjust;  inasmuch  as  the 
fund  for  those  pensions  was  supported 
from  the  army  itself,  and  Government, 
before  it  pared  down  the  pensions,  should 
pay  back  to  that  fund  the  200,000/.  which, 
in  1782,  it  had  diverted  from  it  to  other 
purposes. 

Lord  Liverpool  would  not  oppose  the 
motion,  but  stated  that  the  sole  object  of 
the  regulation  was  to  put  both  services 


166 


54 


Proceedings  in  the  last  Session  of  Parliament.  [Aug. 


on  the  same  footing;  and  observed,  that 
from  the  very  commencement  of  the  fund, 
the  granting  a  pension  and  determining 
its  amount  had  been  left  for  the  discre¬ 
tion  of  Government,  acting  according  to 
the  circumstances  stated  in  the  petition 
of  the  widow.  He  was  of  opinion,  how¬ 
ever,  that  the  regulation  complained  of 
should  be  modified  so  as  to  prevent  it 
from  having  a  retrospective  effect. 

AfLer  a  few  observations  from  Lord 
Rosslyn  and  Exmouth ,  the  motion  was 
agreed  to.. 

In  the  Commons,  the  same  day,  the 
Committee  of  Privileges  reported  that  the 
letter  of  Mr.  T.  Ferguson  to  Mr.  Dyke, 
to  influence  his  vote  against  Lord  A.  Ha¬ 
milton,  was  a  high  breach  and  contempt 
of  the  privileges  of  that  House;  on  which 
it  was  ordered  that  Mr.  Ferguson  should 
be  taken  into  custody. 

A  motion  by  Mr.  Banhes ,  for  referring 
the  Report  of  the  Committee  on  Dr.  Bur¬ 
ney’s  Library  to  the  Committee  of  Sup¬ 
ply,  was  carried,  on  a  division,  by  79  to  35. 

On  the  re-admission  of  strangers,  Mr. 
Grenfell  was  complainiug  of  the  Commit¬ 
tee  of  Finance  having  been  prevented 
from  inquiring  into  the  arrangements  with 
the  Bank.  He  was  positive  that  a  saving 
of  300,000/.  a  year  might  be  effected,  even 
acting  most  liberally  towards  the  Bank. 

Mr.  Bankes  said  he  had  been  anxious 
to  go  into  the  inquiry,  but  was  induced 
to  desist,  from  being  told  that  some  ar¬ 
rangements  were  pending  which  would  ra¬ 
ther  be  obstructed  than  forwarded  by  such 
an  inquiry. 

The  House  went  into  a  Committee  on 
the  Poor  Laws  Amendment  Bill. 

Mr.  D.  Gilbert  moved  an  amendment 
on  the  clause  empowering  parishes  to 
raise  money  by  a  mortgage  of  the  poor- 
rates,  to  the  effect  of  requiring  the  con¬ 
sent  of  two-thirds  of  the  parishioners. 
After  a  long  conversation,  the  amendment 
was  carried  without  a  division. 

The  clause  that  landlords  should  be  lia¬ 
ble  to  the  payment  of  the  rate  instead  of 
the  tenants,  in  cases  in  which  the  rent  did 
not  exceed  20/.  per  annum,  and  the  te¬ 
nure  was  under  one  year,  was  carried,  on 
a  division,  by  54  to  i  (Gen.  Thornton). 

The  clause  that  Scotch  or  Irish  vagrants 
may  be  removed  to  their  own  countries, 
without  being  whipped  or  imprisoned,  was 
agreed  to. 

The  House  was  then  resumed,  and  the 
report  received. 

House  of  Commons,  April  27. 

Mr.  Bennet  presented  a  Petition  from 
Count  Ladanne,  which  he  said  complained 
of  the  conduct  of  General  Campbell  when 
commanding  in  the  Ionian  Islands.  The 
Count  had  been  an  ineffectual  suitor  for 


relief  in  this  country  for  three  years.  He 
had  been  referred  to  the  courts  of  the 
country  whence  he  came ;  but  to  these 
couits  his  Majesty’s  officers  were  not  ame¬ 
nable.  The  petitioner’s  complaints  against 
them  could  only  be  heard  and  judged  of 
here.  He  should  just  allude  to  some  of 
the  charges.  Petitioner  said  he  could 
prove  some  of  them  by  120  witnesses,  and 
by  persons  of  the  different  tribunals  in 
the  isles,  which  were  ten  in  number.  They 
could  show  that  General  Campbell  assum¬ 
ed  a  dispensing  power,  inconsistent  with 
the  existing  laws  of  the  country;  that  he 
had  assumed  the  power  of  executing  a 
person  who  had  been  absolved  by  the 
Court ;  that  he  set  up  a  mode  of  disgrace¬ 
ful  punishment  —  the  pillory,  which  was 
peculiarly  offensive  to  the  country  ;  that 
he  inflicted  it  on  several  of  the  inhabit¬ 
ants  ;  that  he  also  introduced  the  punish¬ 
ment  of  the  lash,  and  flogged  the  inha¬ 
bitants  at  his  own  pleasure,  as  well  as  his 
own  soldiers.  The  Count  was  of  an  aii- 
tient  family  in  the  country,  and  of  high 
rank  and  station  ;  yet,  after  being  a  sui¬ 
tor  here  three  years,  was  referred  to  tri¬ 
bunals  who  had  not  authority. to  decide  on 
his  complaints.  What  inquiries  Govern¬ 
ment  had  made  into  the  matter  it  was  im¬ 
possible  for  him  to  say.  He  had  great 
respect  for  the  present  Governor,  but  he 
thought  an  answer  he  had  giveu  was  by 
no  means  creditable  to  him  in  his  official 
character;  for  he  seemed  to  consider  the 
Count  in  the  light  of  an  assumer,  while  he 
surely  must  have  known  that  he  had  filled 
high  situations,  and  had  been  ambassador 
to  Russia,  and  that  he  had  been  a  repre¬ 
sentative,  and  that  his  titles  had  been  re¬ 
cognized  by  the  Senate.  Petitioner  stated, 
he  had  received  kindness  in  various  in¬ 
stances  from  British  officers,  but  not  in 
this.  '!  he  petition  was  read  by  the  Clerk. 

Mr.  Goulburn  said  the  petitioner  went  so 
far  as  to  impute  murder  to  General  Camp¬ 
bell.  That  House  was  certainly  not  tije 
place  for  investigating  such  a  subject. 
General  Maitland  had  always  professed 
his  readiness  to  go  into  all  the  charges, 
and  to  give  to  the  Count,  in  the  islands, 
the  means  of  legal  redress.  It  was  only 
of  late  that  the  Count  had  objected  to  go 
to  Ionia  on  the  business.  At  first,  he  had 
said  be  would  go  there  willingly,  but  that 
he  was  under  an  interdict.  That,  however, 
could  have  been  removed,  and  he  might 
have  proceeded. 

Sir  C.  Monck  said,  that  in  the  new  con¬ 
stitution  there  was  no  remedy  in  the  Court# 
of  the  Ionian  Islands  against  his  Majesty’s 
commissioners  or  officers. 

After  some  observations  from  Sir  J.  New¬ 
port,  Mr.  Bennet,  and  Mr.  F.  Douglas ,  the 
Petition  was  received,  and  ordered  to  be 
printed. 

(To  be  continued. ) 

Con - 


i 


[  167  ] 


Conclusion  of  Mr.  CANNING’S  Speech  at  Liverpool.  (See  p.  78.) 


«*  Gentlemen,  it  does  seem  somewhat 
singular,  and  I  conceive  that  the  historian 
of  future  times  will  be  at  a  loss  to  ima¬ 
gine  how  it  should  happen, — that  at  this 
particular  period,  at  the  close  of  a  war  of 
such  unexampled  brilliancy,  in  which  this 
country  had  acted  a  part  so  much  beyond 
its  physical  strength  and  its  apparent  re¬ 
sources  ; —  there  should  arise  a  sect  of 
philosophers  in  this  country,  who  begin 
to  suspect  something  rotten  in  the  British 
Constitution.  The  history  of  Europe  for 
the  last  twenty-five  years  is  something 
like  this.  A  gigantic  power  went  forth, 
animated  with  the  spirit  of  evil,  to  over¬ 
whelm  every  community  of  the  civi¬ 
lized  world.  Before  this  dreadful  assail¬ 
ant,  empires,  and  monarchies,  and  repub¬ 
lics,  bowed ;  some  were  crumbled  into 
dust,  and  some  bought  their  safety  by 
compromise.  In  the  midst  of  this  wide¬ 
spread  ruin,  among  tottering  columns  and 
falling  edifices,  one  fabric  alone  stood 
erect  and  braved  the  storm;  and  not  only 
provided  for  its  own  internal  security, — 
but  was  enabled  to  send  forth  at  every 
portal  armed  aids  to  whoever  wanted  sup¬ 
port.  On  this  edifice  floated  that  ensign, 
(pointing  to  the  English  ensign)  a  signal 
of  rallying  to  the  combatant  and  of  shelter 
to  the  fallen. — (Unbounded  cheering.) 

“  To  an  impartial  observer — I  will  not 
say  to  an  inhabitant  of  this  little  fortress 
—  to  an  impartial  observer,  in  whatever 
part  of  the  world,  one  should  think  some¬ 
thing  of  this  sort  would  have  occurred. 
Here  is  a  fabric  constructed  upon  some 
principles  not  common  to  others